Fénis, Val d'Aosta, Italia.

Fénis es un municipio italiano de 1.792 habitantes que se encuentra ubicado en el Valle de Aosta.

El pueblo de Fénis se sitúa en el principal valle de la región. Sin embargo, la mayoría de su territorio se halla en un valle lateral, cuyo nombre es val Clavalité, un valle selvaje cubierto de bosques, y en el cercano valle de Saint-Julien. El val Clavalité conserva una selva de 2.236 hectaréas, que cubre el 32,7% del territorio del municipio.

Fénis es muy famosa por su castillo, unos de los más importantes de Valle de Aosta por su extraordinaria arquitectura. El castillo es una de las principales atracciones turísticas del Valle.

Fénis is an Italian municipality of 1,792 inhabitants located in the Aosta Valley.

The town of Fénis is located in the main valley of the region. However, the majority of its territory is located in a side valley, whose name is val Clavalité, a jungle valley covered with forests, and in the nearby Saint-Julien valley. The Clavalité Valley preserves a forest of 2,236 hectares, which covers 32.7% of the municipality's territory.

Fénis is very famous for its castle, one of the most important in Valle d'Aosta for its extraordinary architecture. The castle is one of the main tourist attractions in the Valley.

St. Lawrence Hall is a meeting hall in Toronto, Ontario, located at the corner of King Street East and Jarvis Street. It was created to be Toronto's public meeting hall home to public gatherings, concerts, and exhibitions. Its main feature was a thousand-seat amphitheater. For decades the hall was the centre of Toronto's social life, before larger venues took over much of this business. Today the hall continues as a venue for events including weddings, conferences, and art shows.

The symmetrical composition of building elements is also a defining characteristic of Renaissance architecture. The Renaissance Revival was a clear goal of William Thomas, but the Hall reinterpreted the Italination in a vernacular and contemporary manner. St. Lawrence Hall is designed in a Victorian composition with a French mansard roof due to abundant snowfall in Ontario. The ornamental cupola on top of the main hall is another feature of the Hall.

Overnewton was the residence of William Taylor (1818 – 1903). He was born in Glasgow, Scotland and arrived in Australia in 1840. Soon after his arrival he purchased a sheep station (a large farm) on the Moorabool River some twenty miles from Geelong and subsequently acquired extensive properties totalling 2,048,000 acres in Victoria and New South Wales. William Taylor married Helen Wilson Fisken in 1849 and established the Overnewton property the same year in Keilor, then a district outside of Melbourne.

Overnewton originally covered 13,000 acres of land and a single storey, six roomed homestead was built in the typical style of the period; a colonial cottage with large shuttered windows and wide verandahs. The homestead was positioned on a gentle slope overlooking Keilor and afforded extensive views of the surrounding countryside.

It was not until William Taylor returned from a trip to Scotland in 1859 that the grandeur of his dreams became apparent. He set about turning the functional colonial homestead into a miniature Scottish Baronial Castle. The stately two storeyed wing was added, along with the blue stone dairy and butchery and the private billiard room.

Overnewton is built in the Victorian Tudor style, inspired by 16th century English and Scottish architecture. The Scottish Baronial style is characterised by its rough textured masonry, steeped pitched roofs and overhanging battlement corner turrets. The candle snuffer roofs show the influence of the French architecture. The bluestone walls were quarried on the estate and rendered with a yellow gravel and stucco finish. Above the large windows of the master bedroom is the Taylor family crest - a mailed arm and fist enclosing a dagger and the motto "Semper Fidelis" (always faithful) and above several other windows are the carved initals of HT, T 1859 and WT.

After the completion of this wing the homestead consisted of over thirty-five rooms including seven bedrooms (the master room included a small circular room and a dressing room) schoolroom, library, drawing room, two kitchens, five servants rooms and the billiard room. There are still many original features such as tiles in the bathrooms, claw foot bath and the old IXL wood stove in the kitchen. Several out buildings on the estate include the bluestone butchery and dairy, lamp room, bootroom, coachhouse, stables, woolshed, shearing sheds and machine shed.

the light, the architecture, the people, the flowers, the food, the mood, (did I mention the shopping?), even the summer heat... I loved my first visit to this city and can't wait to return.

la tour Pirelli dans la langue de Dante

Première photo de mon week-end à Milan principalement constitué de photos d'architecture !

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the Pirelli tower in Dante's language

First photo of my weekend in Milan mainly made of architectural pictures!

Overnewton was the residence of William Taylor (1818 – 1903). He was born in Glasgow, Scotland and arrived in Australia in 1840. Soon after his arrival he purchased a sheep station (a large farm) on the Moorabool River some twenty miles from Geelong and subsequently acquired extensive properties totalling 2,048,000 acres in Victoria and New South Wales. William Taylor married Helen Wilson Fisken in 1849 and established the Overnewton property the same year in Keilor, then a district outside of Melbourne.

Overnewton originally covered 13,000 acres of land and a single storey, six roomed homestead was built in the typical style of the period; a colonial cottage with large shuttered windows and wide verandahs. The homestead was positioned on a gentle slope overlooking Keilor and afforded extensive views of the surrounding countryside.

It was not until William Taylor returned from a trip to Scotland in 1859 that the grandeur of his dreams became apparent. He set about turning the functional colonial homestead into a miniature Scottish Baronial Castle. The stately two storeyed wing was added, along with the blue stone dairy and butchery and the private billiard room.

Overnewton is built in the Victorian Tudor style, inspired by 16th century English and Scottish architecture. The Scottish Baronial style is characterised by its rough textured masonry, steeped pitched roofs and overhanging battlement corner turrets. The candle snuffer roofs show the influence of the French architecture. The bluestone walls were quarried on the estate and rendered with a yellow gravel and stucco finish. Above the large windows of the master bedroom is the Taylor family crest - a mailed arm and fist enclosing a dagger and the motto "Semper Fidelis" (always faithful) and above several other windows are the carved initals of HT, T 1859 and WT.

After the completion of this wing the homestead consisted of over thirty-five rooms including seven bedrooms (the master room included a small circular room and a dressing room) schoolroom, library, drawing room, two kitchens, five servants rooms and the billiard room. There are still many original features such as tiles in the bathrooms, claw foot bath and the old IXL wood stove in the kitchen. Several out buildings on the estate include the bluestone butchery and dairy, lamp room, bootroom, coachhouse, stables, woolshed, shearing sheds and machine shed.

Sagrada Família, Barcelona, España.

El Templo Expiatorio de la Sagrada Familia, conocido simplemente como la Sagrada Familia, es una basílica católica de Barcelona (España), diseñada por el arquitecto Antoni Gaudí. Iniciada en 1882, todavía está en construcción (noviembre de 2016). Es la obra maestra de Gaudí, y el máximo exponente de la arquitectura modernista catalana.

La Sagrada Familia es un reflejo de la plenitud artística de Gaudí: trabajó en ella durante la mayor parte de su carrera profesional, pero especialmente en los últimos años de su carrera, donde llegó a la culminación de su estilo naturalista, haciendo una síntesis de todas las soluciones y estilos probados hasta aquel entonces. Gaudí logró una perfecta armonía en la interrelación entre los elementos estructurales y los ornamentales, entre plástica y estética, entre función y forma, entre contenido y continente, logrando la integración de todas las artes en un todo estructurado y lógico.

La Sagrada Familia tiene planta de cruz latina, de cinco naves centrales y transepto de tres naves, y ábside con siete capillas. Ostenta tres fachadas dedicadas al Nacimiento, Pasión y Gloria de Jesús y, cuando esté concluida, tendrá 18 torres: cuatro en cada portal haciendo un total de doce por los apóstoles, cuatro sobre el crucero invocando a los evangelistas, una sobre el ábside dedicada a la Virgen y la torre-cimborio central en honor a Jesús, que alcanzará los 172,5 metros de altura. El templo dispondrá de dos sacristías junto al ábside, y de tres grandes capillas: la de la Asunción en el ábside y las del Bautismo y la Penitencia junto a la fachada principal; asimismo, estará rodeado de un claustro pensado para las procesiones y para aislar el templo del exterior. Gaudí aplicó a la Sagrada Familia un alto contenido simbólico, tanto en arquitectura como en escultura, dedicando a cada parte del templo un significado religioso.

The Expiatory Church of the Sagrada Familia, known simply as the Sagrada Familia, is a Roman Catholic basilica in Barcelona, Spain, designed by architect Antoni Gaudí. Begun in 1882, it is still under construction (November 2016). It is Gaudí's masterpiece and the greatest exponent of Catalan modernist architecture.

The Sagrada Familia is a reflection of Gaudí's artistic plenitude: he worked on it for most of his professional career, but especially in his later years, where he reached the culmination of his naturalistic style, synthesizing all the solutions and styles he had tried up to that point. Gaudí achieved perfect harmony in the interrelationship between structural and ornamental elements, between plasticity and aesthetics, between function and form, between content and container, achieving the integration of all the arts into a structured and logical whole. The Sagrada Familia has a Latin cross plan, five central naves, a three-aisled transept, and an apse with seven chapels. It boasts three façades dedicated to the Birth, Passion, and Glory of Jesus. When completed, it will have 18 towers: four at each portal, making a total of twelve for the apostles, four over the transept invoking the evangelists, one over the apse dedicated to the Virgin, and the central dome tower in honor of Jesus, which will reach 172.5 meters in height. The temple will have two sacristies next to the apse and three large chapels: the Assumption Chapel in the apse and the Baptism and Penance Chapels next to the main façade. It will also be surrounded by a cloister designed for processions and to isolate the temple from the exterior. Gaudí applied a highly symbolic content to the Sagrada Familia, both in architecture and sculpture, dedicating each part of the temple to a religious significance.

Overnewton was the residence of William Taylor (1818 – 1903). He was born in Glasgow, Scotland and arrived in Australia in 1840. Soon after his arrival he purchased a sheep station (a large farm) on the Moorabool River some twenty miles from Geelong and subsequently acquired extensive properties totalling 2,048,000 acres in Victoria and New South Wales. William Taylor married Helen Wilson Fisken in 1849 and established the Overnewton property the same year in Keilor, then a district outside of Melbourne.

Overnewton originally covered 13,000 acres of land and a single storey, six roomed homestead was built in the typical style of the period; a colonial cottage with large shuttered windows and wide verandahs. The homestead was positioned on a gentle slope overlooking Keilor and afforded extensive views of the surrounding countryside.

It was not until William Taylor returned from a trip to Scotland in 1859 that the grandeur of his dreams became apparent. He set about turning the functional colonial homestead into a miniature Scottish Baronial Castle. The stately two storeyed wing was added, along with the blue stone dairy and butchery and the private billiard room.

Overnewton is built in the Victorian Tudor style, inspired by 16th century English and Scottish architecture. The Scottish Baronial style is characterised by its rough textured masonry, steeped pitched roofs and overhanging battlement corner turrets. The candle snuffer roofs show the influence of the French architecture. The bluestone walls were quarried on the estate and rendered with a yellow gravel and stucco finish. Above the large windows of the master bedroom is the Taylor family crest - a mailed arm and fist enclosing a dagger and the motto "Semper Fidelis" (always faithful) and above several other windows are the carved initals of HT, T 1859 and WT.

After the completion of this wing the homestead consisted of over thirty-five rooms including seven bedrooms (the master room included a small circular room and a dressing room) schoolroom, library, drawing room, two kitchens, five servants rooms and the billiard room. There are still many original features such as tiles in the bathrooms, claw foot bath and the old IXL wood stove in the kitchen. Several out buildings on the estate include the bluestone butchery and dairy, lamp room, bootroom, coachhouse, stables, woolshed, shearing sheds and machine shed.

Wall House #II

Wall House #II (also known as Bye House) is an historic building in Groningen, Netherlands, that was designed by John Hejduk. it is one of his few realized designs. Heiduk originally designed Wall House #II as a residence to be built in Ridgefield, Connecticut. However, due to cost constraints, the project was abandoned. In 2000, a Dutch development company, Wilma, started building the house in Groningen, based on Heiduk's original design and later revisions. Wall House II has a very large wall as its central feature, composed of four organic-formed rooms and a long, narrow corridor. It is considered a mix of Cubist painting, Surrealist sculpture and architecture. The wall and column are constructed of reinforced concrete. The corridor is steel-framed with wooden stud walls and a stucco exterior.

In discussing the wall section of Wall House #II Heiduk stated:

“Life has to do with walls; we're continuously going in and out, back and forth, and through them. A wall is the quickest, the thinnest, the element we're always transgressing… The wall heightens the sense of passage, and by the same token, its thinness heightens the sense of being just a momentary condition…what I call the moment of the “present.”

Discussing the house colors, Heiduk referred to Le Corbusier’s La Roche House in Paris, stating:

“After that experience,” he says, “I could never do another white or primary-colored house.” In the La Roche house, the colors “were hardly apparent at first, but after you were there awhile you saw not only that they changed constantly, but that they were delicate and muted, and also saturated at the same time.”

Hejduk originally designed Wall house #II in 1973 (the first was done in 1968) for landscape architect A.E. Bye. Due to the high estimated costs of construction in the wooded area, Wall House #II was put on hold. it was proposed to other clients, but was never started.

In 1990 the Wall house II project was introduced in Groningen on behalf of the experiment “Making the City Boundaries”. On the basis of Daniel Libeskind’s masterplan, people from various disciplines were asked to design signposts along the city’s most important arterial roads, telling the story of Groningen. Libeskind was a former student of Heiduk. The Berlin architect Thomas Muller, a former student at Cooper Union, was appointed project architect. He was then working in Groningen under supervision of Kleihues. Due to building codes and construction techniques-which required, for example, leaving space between the wall and rooms for hand plastering-the house was enlarged from its original size, to 2500 square feet. Muller redrew the plans with Derk Flikkema of Otonomo Architects in Groningen, with Hejduk reviewing the drawings in each phase up until his death. The construction cost was $ 600,000 in total, and it was sold with a proviso that the public can visit it one month a year.

Overnewton was the residence of William Taylor (1818 – 1903). He was born in Glasgow, Scotland and arrived in Australia in 1840. Soon after his arrival he purchased a sheep station (a large farm) on the Moorabool River some twenty miles from Geelong and subsequently acquired extensive properties totalling 2,048,000 acres in Victoria and New South Wales. William Taylor married Helen Wilson Fisken in 1849 and established the Overnewton property the same year in Keilor, then a district outside of Melbourne.

Overnewton originally covered 13,000 acres of land and a single storey, six roomed homestead was built in the typical style of the period; a colonial cottage with large shuttered windows and wide verandahs. The homestead was positioned on a gentle slope overlooking Keilor and afforded extensive views of the surrounding countryside.

It was not until William Taylor returned from a trip to Scotland in 1859 that the grandeur of his dreams became apparent. He set about turning the functional colonial homestead into a miniature Scottish Baronial Castle. The stately two storeyed wing was added, along with the blue stone dairy and butchery and the private billiard room.

Overnewton is built in the Victorian Tudor style, inspired by 16th century English and Scottish architecture. The Scottish Baronial style is characterised by its rough textured masonry, steeped pitched roofs and overhanging battlement corner turrets. The candle snuffer roofs show the influence of the French architecture. The bluestone walls were quarried on the estate and rendered with a yellow gravel and stucco finish. Above the large windows of the master bedroom is the Taylor family crest - a mailed arm and fist enclosing a dagger and the motto "Semper Fidelis" (always faithful) and above several other windows are the carved initals of HT, T 1859 and WT.

After the completion of this wing the homestead consisted of over thirty-five rooms including seven bedrooms (the master room included a small circular room and a dressing room) schoolroom, library, drawing room, two kitchens, five servants rooms and the billiard room. There are still many original features such as tiles in the bathrooms, claw foot bath and the old IXL wood stove in the kitchen. Several out buildings on the estate include the bluestone butchery and dairy, lamp room, bootroom, coachhouse, stables, woolshed, shearing sheds and machine shed.

Los Angeles—where the past meets the future in a dazzling skyline. 🌆 From its humble beginnings as a Spanish pueblo in 1781 to becoming one of the most influential cities in the world, LA has always been a place of reinvention. Downtown LA, once the city’s financial and cultural epicenter, has evolved into a vibrant mix of historic landmarks, towering skyscrapers, and a thriving arts scene. Whether it’s the stunning Art Deco architecture, the iconic Broadway theaters, or the modern high-rises that light up the night, every street here tells a story of ambition, resilience, and endless possibility. This city isn’t just about Hollywood—it’s about the dreamers, creators, and innovators who make it extraordinary.

Due to great architecture, the cathedral of Albi is a UNESCO protected site.

Today, the Parthenon, which functions as an art museum, stands as the centerpiece of Centennial Park, a large public park just west of downtown Nashville. Alan LeQuire's 1990 re-creation of the Athena Parthenos statue is the focus of the Parthenon just as it was in ancient Greece. The building is a full-scale replica of the Athenian original; and the statue of Athena Parthenos within is a reconstruction of the long lost original to careful scholarly standards: she is cuirassed and helmeted, carries a shield on her left arm and a small(6 foot) statue of Victory in her right palm, and stands 42 feet high, gilt with more than eight pounds of gold leaf; an equally colossal serpent rears its head between her and her shield. Since the building is complete and its decorations were polychromed (painted in colors) as close to the presumed original as possible, it is arguably a better representation of what the Athenians would have seen than is the current ruin of the Parthenon on the Acropolis of Athens.

This replica of the original Parthenon in Athens serves as a monument to what is considered the pinnacle of classical architecture. The plaster replicas of the Parthenon Marbles found in the Naos (the east room of the main hall) are direct casts of the original sculptures which adorned the pediments of the Athenian Parthenon, dating back to 438 BC. The originals of these fragments are housed in the British Museum in London.

St. John the Forerunner Orthodox Church, located in the Latgale Suburb of Riga, is a stunning example of Russian Orthodox architecture. The construction of the stone church was started in 1913 according to the project of the Riga Eparchy architect Vladimir Lunsky. After the First World War, which disrupted the construction of the church, the church was damaged by shelling. In 1925, the restoration of the church (completion of construction) was started according to the project of architect Vladimir Shervinsky. The completed church was consecrated on 19 September 1934. It is a cross-domed church, the volumes and decorative elements of which show elements of Art Nouveau (one of the few such places of worship in Riga). The church houses several valuable icons from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Between 1995 and 1996, a bell tower was built, designed by architect P. Štokmanis.

The Presidential Palace of Vietnam, located in the city of Hanoi, was built between 1900 and 1906 to house the French Governor-General of Indochina.

It was constructed by Auguste Henri Vildieu, the official French architect for French Indochina. Like most French Colonial architecture, the palace is pointedly European. The only visual cues that it is located in Vietnam at all are mango trees growing on the grounds.

The yellow palace stands behind wrought iron gates flanked by sentry boxes.

When Vietnam achieved independence in 1954, Ho Chi Minh was claimed to have refused to live in the grand structure for symbolic reasons, although he still received state guests there, he eventually built a traditional Vietnamese stilt house and carp pond on the grounds. His house and the grounds were made into the Presidential Palace Historical Site in 1975.

The palace hosts government meetings. It is not open to the public, although one may walk around the grounds for a fee.

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum is located nearby the palace.

The Dodson House, built in 1894, is significant for its association with persons who played important roles in both the social & economic development of the small West Tennessee town of Humboldt. The house is an excellent example of Queen Anne architecture and is located in the older residential neighborhood of the town.

W.H. Dodson, a Humboldt banker, organized and established the Haywood County Bank in Brownsville, Tennessee in 1889. His son, William, was duly elected assistant cashier of the financial institution. William remained with the bank until the fall of 1892 when he moved to Humboldt and established a real estate company. In February 1893, William Dodson purchased a town lot from W.N. Bennett for the amount of eight hundred dollars. Early in 1894, he began to oversee the construction of this Queen Anne style residence which was completed by that fall.

After William Dodson's death in 1904, his son George moved from Knoxville to Humboldt and practiced law in Humboldt for four years before purchasing the Ford automobile dealership. In 1931 William Hooper, grandson of William Dodson, moved into the family home after graduation from Vanderbilt University. He soon became associated with Dodson Ford dealership and in 1950 he purchased all rights to the dealership. Mr. Hooper was active in community affairs and served on the Humboldt Chamber of Commerce Board of Directors, the West Tennessee Strawberry Festival Board, and the Ford Dealer Council Board (Memphis District).

Architecturally, the Dodson House is a good example of the Queen Anne style residence. Although the interior of the house was altered by the Hooper family, much of the original fabric was retained. The present owners, who purchased the house in 1980, are restoring the interior and plans have been developed for the restoration of the exterior. For these reasons, this house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 25, 1982. All of the information above was found on the original documents submitted for listing consideration and can be viewed here:

npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP/AssetDetail/3c8027bf-8931-4c2a-8f7...

Three bracketed photos were taken with a handheld Nikon D7200 and combined with Photomatix Pro to create this HDR image. Additional adjustments were made in Photoshop CS6.

"For I know the plans I have for you", declares the LORD, "plans to prosper you and not to harm you, plans to give you hope and a future." ~Jeremiah 29:11

The best way to view my photostream is through Flickriver with the following link: www.flickriver.com/photos/photojourney57/

Inside the South Gallery at the Southern Entrance shows a Buddhist image. Many of the Buddhist heads were removed by Khmer Rouge and other pillagers for money.

Angkor Wat ("Capital Temple") is a temple complex in Cambodia and the largest religious monument in the world measuring 162.6 hectares. It was originally constructed in early 12th century by King Suryavarman II as a Hindu temple dedicated to the god Vishnu for the Khmer Empire and gradually transforming into a Buddhist temple towards the end of the 12th century. As the best-preserved temple at the site, it is the only one to have remained a significant religious center since its foundation. The temple is at the top of the high classical style of Khmer architecture. It has become a symbol of Cambodia (national flag) and it is the country's prime attraction for visitors.

Angkor Wat combines two basic plans of Khmer temple architecture: the temple-mountain and the later galleried temple. It is designed to represent Mount Meru. Within the moat is the outer wall 3.6 kilometers long and there are three rectangular galleries, each raised above the next. At the center of the temple stands a quincunx of towers. Unlike most Angkorian temples, Angkor Wat is oriented to the west; scholars are divided as to the significance of this. The temple is admired for the grandeur and harmony of the architecture, its extensive bas-reliefs, and for the numerous devatas (deity) adorning its walls.

The funeral chapel, completed in 1928, is part of the garden monument. Towards the end of the Second World War, the Dorotheenstädtischer Cementery was heavily damaged. Through a generous private artist donation by a Berlin citizen, it was possible to connect the planned reconstruction of the chapel by Nedelykov Moreira architects with a light installation by the American artist James Turrell, thereby contributing to the further development of the Dorotheenstadt cemetery.

With his artistic concept for the redesign of the chapel, James Turrell moves very close to biblical ideas of light. God is understood as light, as an overflowing light source. God as the source of all things is light. In the Christian tradition of Western Europe, these representations are gaining first-time architectural form in the Gothic church building of the Middle Ages. Light becomes a building material. In comparison to the Gothic church architecture, the rooms created by Turrell are not illuminated in the conventional sense - they are rather filled with light and color.

11021_8214_kw / Founded in 1501, the magnificent (Mosteiro dos Jerónimos) in Lisbon is a great monument to the Age of Discovery and a magnificent example of the Manueline style of architecture. The monastery was founded by King Manuel I in celebration of - and funded by - successful Portuguese voyages around the world.

Die Albertina-Rampe bietet eine fantastische Perspektive auf die Wiener Staatsoper. Von dort aus können Sie das beeindruckende Gebäude der Staatsoper in seiner ganzen Pracht betrachten, besonders bei Nacht, wenn die Beleuchtung die Architektur betont.

Die Albertina selbst liegt in direkter Nähe zur Oper und ist ein beliebter Ort für Touristen und Einheimische, um Fotos zu machen oder einfach die Atmosphäre der Wiener Innenstadt zu genießen. Der Blick von der Rampe auf die Oper ist besonders charmant, da er die historischen Details des Gebäudes einfängt.

Die Wiener Staatsoper, ein Juwel der Neorenaissance, zählt zu den bedeutendsten Opernhäusern der Welt. Seit ihrer Eröffnung im Jahr 1869 ist sie ein Symbol der Musik- und Theaterkunst. Berühmt ist sie nicht nur für ihre herausragenden Aufführungen, sondern auch für den prestigeträchtigen Wiener Opernball, der jährlich stattfindet.

Englisch

Vienna State Opera from the Albertina Ramp

The Albertina ramp offers a fantastic perspective of the Vienna State Opera. From there, you can admire the impressive building of the State Opera in all its glory, especially at night when the lighting highlights its architecture.

The Albertina itself is located in close proximity to the opera and is a popular spot for tourists and locals to take photos or simply enjoy the atmosphere of Vienna’s city center. The view from the ramp to the opera is particularly charming as it captures the historical details of the building.

The Vienna State Opera, a jewel of Neo-Renaissance architecture, is one of the most significant opera houses in the world. Since its opening in 1869, it has been a symbol of music and theatrical art. It is renowned not only for its outstanding performances but also for the prestigious Vienna Opera Ball, which takes place annually.

The Palazzo Bentivoglio is a late-Renaissance palace located on Via Garibaldi in central Ferrara, Region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy

The palace was first commissioned by Borso d'Este in 1449. The design of the facade has been attributed to a combination of Pirro Ligorio and Giovanni Battista Aleotti.

Bentivoglio decorated the facade with military trophy symbols in marble; the exuberance of the decoration asserts the Mannerist style of the architecture. The pilasters are banded, small framed windows above the ground-floor, volutes prop above the entrance, and curved scrolls above the windows.

The palace remained property of the Bentivoglio family until the 19th century. For a time, it housed a tribunal in Ferrara. There are currently some private offices.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_Bentivoglio,_Ferrara

El Palacio Bentivoglio es un palacio de finales del Renacimiento situado en la Via Garibaldi, en el centro de Ferrara, en la región de Emilia-Romaña, Italia.

El palacio fue encargado por primera vez por Borso d'Este en 1449. El diseño de la fachada se ha atribuido a una combinación de Pirro Ligorio y Giovanni Battista Aleotti.

Bentivoglio decoró la fachada con símbolos de trofeos militares en mármol; la exuberancia de la decoración afirma el estilo manierista de la arquitectura. Las pilastras tienen bandas, pequeñas ventanas enmarcadas sobre la planta baja, volutas apuntaladas sobre la entrada y volutas curvas sobre las ventanas.

El palacio siguió siendo propiedad de la familia Bentivoglio hasta el siglo XIX. Durante un tiempo albergó un tribunal en Ferrara. Actualmente hay unas oficinas privadas.

Ferrara es un municipio italiano de la región de Emilia-Romaña, capital de la provincia homónima. Con una población de 129 555 habitantes (ISTAT 2024), está situada sobre el río Po de Volano. La ciudad tiene una estructura urbanística que se remonta al siglo XIV, cuando era gobernada por la familia de los Este. El diseño realizado por Biagio Rossetti la convirtió en la primera ciudad moderna de Europa. De este hecho histórico, además de la conservación del estilo y materiales arquitectónicos en la zona del centro histórico, deriva en gran parte su reconocimiento como Patrimonio Mundial de la Humanidad en 1995 (al centro histórico de Ferrara), ampliado en 1999 al delta del Po.

es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrara

Ferrara (/fəˈrɑːrə/; Italian: [ferˈraːra]; Emilian: Fràra [ˈfraːra]) is a city and comune (municipality) in Emilia-Romagna, Northern Italy, capital of the province of Ferrara. As of 2016, it had 132,009 inhabitants. It is situated 44 kilometres (27 miles) northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream of the Po River, located 5 km (3 miles) north. The town has broad streets and numerous palaces dating from the Renaissance, when it hosted the court of the House of Este. For its beauty and cultural importance, it has been designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrara

A change of perspective. back to whats really me. back to architecture.

Spotted this familiar terrace in a book on Victorian Architecture the other day and it reminded me that i wanted to do a shoot with the sun on this northish facing facade. I really love it, though because it is not often in the sun it gets much overlooked. I guess this is a return, back to basics, of a good ole' fashioned archidave shot

The architecture in Amsterdam is fascinating and varied, but even better are the reflections in the canals!

At Doug's suggestion, I rotated it and it's much more interesting now! (the buildings were previously upside down)

Lukang Dragon Mountain Temple is a Buddhist temple in Lukang, Changhua, Republic of China (Taiwan). The temple was built in 1831 for the Buddhist bodhisattva Guanyin. The Dragon Mountain Temple Organization manages this temple. The building is a protected historic building on the list of degree.

The temple site during the 17th century was different temples at times collapse time and were rebuilt. The last temple was built on this site was that of 1786. The temple contains characteristic features of the Qing Dynasty architecture.

The temple complex covers 1600 Pyeong and consists of several buildings, including a temple platform for Chinese opera.

On November 1, 2008 visited Ma Ying-jeou and his retinue officially the temple with many sacrifices and gifts. He also gave a speech to the temple.

Mehrere Bundesländer, nicht alle, veranstalten in unregelmäigen Abständen Landesgartenschauen, bekannt unter der Abkürzung LAGA. In Sachsen findet sie 2022 vom 23. April bis 9. Oktober in der durch ihre Renaissancearchitektur bekannten Stadt Torgau an der Elbe statt. Der größte Bereich der LAGA ist der seit dem 19. Jahrhundert bestehende Stadtpark auf dem Glacis der ehemaligen Festung Torgau. Die Festung Torgau entwickelte sich im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert aus einer Erweiterung der mittelalterlichen Stadtmauer. 1811 wurde sie als sächsische Festung unter König Friedrich August I. auf Anforderung Napoleon Bonaparte ausgebaut. Nach Ende der Befreiungskriege musste Torgau 1815 vom Königreich Sachsen an Preußen übergeben werden. Die Festung wurde nun als preußische Festung weiter ausgebaut, bis sie 1889 aufgegeben und in den folgenden Jahrzehnten größtenteils abgerissen wurde. Der Stadtpark, den wir vor fünf Jahren zuletzt gesehen hatten, wurde durch Blumenbeete, einen Ornissteg genannten Steg zur Beobachtung der Vögel auf dem See und erneuerte Wege deutlich und nachhaltig aufgewertet. Daneben gibt es den "Jungen Garten" mit Spielplätzen, Sport- und Skate-Anlagen, das neu erschlossene Erholungsgelände der Eichwiesen, durch das man zu den Elbwiesen gelangt mit einem Aussichtsturm und ein kleineres Areal am Weg von der Elbe zum Schloss mit einem Konzertplatz und einer Dahlenschau.

Several German federal states, not all, hold state garden shows at irregular intervals, known by the abbreviation LAGA. In Saxony, it is being held in 2022 from 23 April to 9 October in the town of Torgau on the Elbe, famous for its Renaissance architecture. The largest area of the LAGA is the city park, which has existed since the 19th century on the glacis of the former Torgau Fortress. Torgau Fortress developed in the 17th and 18th centuries from an extension of the medieval city wall. In 1811 it was expanded as a Saxon fortress under King Friedrich August I at the request of Napoleon Bonaparte. After the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Torgau had to be handed over from the Kingdom of Saxony to Prussia in 1815. The fortress was now further developed as a Prussian fortress until it was abandoned in 1889 and largely demolished in the following decades. The city park, which we last saw five years ago, has been significantly and sustainably upgraded with flower beds, a footbridge called Ornissteg for bird watching on the lake and renewed paths. In addition, there is the "Young Garden" with playgrounds, sports and skating facilities, the newly developed recreational area of the Eichwiesen (Oak Meadows), through which one can reach the Elbe meadows with a lookout tower, and a smaller area on the path from the Elbe to the Renaissance castle with a concert area and a dahlia show.

Witley Court architecture, the ruin of the orangerie. This large and grand annex on the side of the great house now has a peaceful lavender garden inside

Worcestershire, England, UK. Sony A6000

Architecture the Light - 14 | Photo Diary

Architecture photography

Hong Kong, 2020

works by photomanm

discover more at photomanm.com

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"In architecture, the pride of man, his triumph over the gravitation, his will to power, assume a visible form." Nietzsche.

Italy is a country with so many wonderful places, that cities as charming as Urbino can go unnoticed by most travelers. Located in the region of Le Marche and very close to San Marino, it is a city with a fascinating Renaissance architecture. The balance and harmony of its buildings, despite the irregularity of the terrain, the exquisite gastronomy and the great atmosphere of the streets of this university city, make it a pleasant surprise for everyone.

The best view of the city is from the fortress of the Parco della Resistenza. But when I visited it closed before dusk, so I could not take the photo from there at blue hour. In winter, it gets dark earlier and the photo from there is possible. Nevertheless, Urbino offers a multitude of magical corners and buildings worthy of being photographed. I hope to return someday with more time and photograph this magical city as it deserves.

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"En la arquitectura, el orgullo del hombre, su triunfo sobre la gravitación, su voluntad de poder, asumen una forma visible." Nietzsche.

Italia es un país con tal cantidad de lugares maravillosos, que ciudades tan encantadoras como Urbino pueden llegar a pasar desapercibidas para la mayoría de viajeros. Situada en la región de Le Marche y muy cerca de San Marino, se trata de una ciudad con una arquitectura renacentista fascinante. El equilibrio y la armonía de sus edificios a pesar de la irregularidad del terreno, la exquisita gastronomía y el gran ambiente que hay por sus calles al tratarse de una ciudad universitaria, la convierten en una grata sorpresa incluso para el que se ha informado bien de los tesoros que esconde.

La mejor vista de la ciudad se tiene desde la fortaleza del Parco della Resistenza. Pero cuando la visité cerraban antes del crepúsculo, por lo que no pude realizar la foto desde allí a la hora azul. En invierno atardece mucho antes y la foto sería posible. No obstante, Urbino ofrece una infinidad de rincones mágicos y edificios dignos de ser fotografiados. Espero volver algún día con más tiempo y fotografiar esta mágica ciudad como se merece.

It’s amazing what you can do with a hammer and chisel…

Fan vaulting is a peculiarly English style of Gothic architecture. The earliest example is, I think, Gloucester Cathedral, built in the 1390s and only 15 miles from where I live. This, at Sherborne Abbey, was completed 100 years later - so it’s about 530 years old. I just love the patterns…

The title comes from a historical novel by Ken Follett. I read the book some while ago and found it fascinating. It really brought to life the skill and importance of master masons and the amazing engineering feats they accomplished with virtually no formal education apart from apprenticeships.

For this image, I decided to do a panoramic crop to emphasise the regular patterns. At the same time, I was hoping to avoid the rather cliched view you often get of these ceilings with windows and pillars on either side.

If all goes well I also hope to publish some variations based on the same photograph using a different crop for Sliders Sunday tomorrow.

Have a great weekend!

Thank you for taking the time to look. I hope you enjoy the image. Happy Saturday :)

ANGKOR WAT

Angkor Wat ("City Temple") is a vast temple complex near Siem Reap, about 200 miles from the capital of Phnom Penh in Cambodia.

Built in the 12th century by the king of the prosperous Khmer empire, Angkor Wat was built as a royal temple dedicated to a Hindu deity.

After the city of Angkor fell to invaders, Angkor Wat receded into the jungle but continued as a Buddhist temple and a pilgrimage site over the centuries.

Angkor Wat is the best preserved example of Khmer architecture in Cambodia and is so grand in design that some rank it among the seven wonders of the world. It appears on the Cambodian national flag, a very rare instance of a flag incorporating an image of a building.

The "lost city" of Angkor first attracted the interest of Europeans in the 1800s after Cambodia was colonized by the French. Today, Angkor Wat continues to draw thousands of visitors anxious to see this remarkable ancient temple in the jungle.

In addition to many tourists, Buddhist monks are daily visitors to Angkor Wat, their bright orange robes making a vivid contrast with the grey stone of the temple.

HistoryThe city of Angkor was the capital of the Khmer Empire from the 9th to the 15th centuries. The Khmer empire was one of the most prosperous and sophisticated kingdoms in the history of Southeast Asia, and its prosperity was expressed through a wide range of architecture.

The city of Angkor was founded on political and religious ideas adapted from India, and the temples of Angkor were intended as a place of worship for the king and a way for him to ensure his immortality through identification with the Hindu gods.

Angkor Wat was built by King Suryavarman II in the 12th century as a vast funerary temple that would hold his remains, symbolically confirming his permanent identity with Vishnu.

Many of the bas-reliefs in the temple depict scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata, Hindu sacred texts that recount the adventures of two major incarnations of Vishnu.

During its six centuries as imperial capital, Angkor went through many changes in architectural styles and in religion. The city of Angkor transferred its from the Hindu god Shiva to the Hindu god Vishnu, and finally to the Mahayana Buddhist deity Avalokitesvara.

By the late 13th century, the once frenzied pace of Angkor's architectural pursuits had begun to die down, and a more restrained type of religion was on the rise under the growing influence of Theravada Buddhism.

At the same time, Angkor and the Khmer Empire were increasingly threatened and attacked by invading armies. By the 16th century, the golden age of Angkor was over and many of the great temples began to recede into the jungle.

From the 15th to 19th centuries, Theravada Buddhist monks cared for Angkor Wat, and it is thanks to them that the temple remains mostly intact. Angkor Wat became one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Southeast Asia.

European visitors to Cambodia towards the later end of this period were intrigued by the "lost city" of Angkor. After the French established a colonial regime in Cambodia in 1863, the entire site became a focus of scholarly interest.

Excerpt from sacred-destinations.com

Angkor Wat ("Capital Temple") is a temple complex in Cambodia and the largest religious monument in the world measuring 162.6 hectares. It was originally constructed in early 12th century by King Suryavarman II as a Hindu temple dedicated to the god Vishnu for the Khmer Empire and gradually transforming into a Buddhist temple towards the end of the 12th century. As the best-preserved temple at the site, it is the only one to have remained a significant religious center since its foundation. The temple is at the top of the high classical style of Khmer architecture. It has become a symbol of Cambodia (national flag) and it is the country's prime attraction for visitors.

Angkor Wat combines two basic plans of Khmer temple architecture: the temple-mountain and the later galleried temple. It is designed to represent Mount Meru. Within the moat is the outer wall 3.6 kilometers long and there are three rectangular galleries, each raised above the next. At the center of the temple stands a quincunx of towers. Unlike most Angkorian temples, Angkor Wat is oriented to the west; scholars are divided as to the significance of this. The temple is admired for the grandeur and harmony of the architecture, its extensive bas-reliefs, and for the numerous devatas (deity) adorning its walls.

Panoramic view of Toledo, Spain, showcasing its ancient architecture. The skyline features the towering Toledo Cathedral and various historical buildings with beige and earthy-toned facades. Narrow, winding streets weave through the densely packed cityscape. In the foreground, trees and green spaces contrast with the stone and brick structures. Rolling hills and a slightly overcast sky complete the backdrop, highlighting the city's blend of medieval charm and natural beauty.

Green Gate

Muzeum Narodowe w Gdańsku / Oddział Zielona Brama

The Green Gate in Gdańsk, Poland, is one of the city's most notable tourist attractions. It is situated between Long Market (Długi Targ) and the River Motława. With the Golden Gate and the Highland Gate, the Green Gate spans the Long Market and Long Street, together comprising the Royal Route. The Green Gate was clearly inspired by the Antwerp City Hall. It was built 1568-71 as the formal residence of Poland's monarchs. It is a masterpiece by Regnier (or Reiner van Amsterdam), an Amsterdam architect, and reflects Flemish architectural influence in Gdańsk. Hans Kramer from Dresden was responsible for the construction plans.

Today the Green Gate houses the National Museum in Gdańsk. Exhibitions, meetings, conferences and shows are held here. The Gdańsk office of former Polish President Lech Wałęsa is located in one of the rooms.

The Gothic Chlebnicka Gate is a representative example of the Gdańsk town gate.

The earliest mention of the Chlebnicka Gate dates from 1377. In the early modern period, after the gate had ceased to serve a defensive function, it was converted into a residential building. During World War 2, the gate building underwent renovation and maintenance. In 1945, the gate was partially destroyed by fire (roof, gable, southern part of the west wall). Securing works were carried out since 1952, and in 1959-1961 the structure was rebuilt to serve residential purposes (design by S. Bobiński and J. Chrzanowicz).

The gate is situated at the eastern end, parallel to the line of the Motława waterfront, in a densely built-up area of Długie Pobrzeże Street to the south. The structure was designed in the Late Gothic style, with the body and façades inspired by the Flamish architecture. The passage arch is surmounted by stone cartouches in the shape of a rhombus: the Gdańsk coat of arms from before 1454 to the east, and the lily motif to the west.

Motława is a river in Eastern Pomerania in Poland. The source is in Szpęgawskie Lake, northeast from Starogard Gdański. It goes through Rokickie Lake to Martwa Wisła, a branch of the Vistula. The total length of the river is estimated at 68 km, with an area of 1511.3 km². Wikipedia

London architecture - The Scalpel and Lloyds of London buildings

Rotterdam Dutch is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maas channel leading into the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270, when a dam was constructed in the Rotte. In 1340, Rotterdam was granted city rights by William IV, Count of Holland. The Rotterdam–The Hague metropolitan area, with a population of approximately 2.7 million, is the 10th-largest in the European Union and the most populous in the country.

A major logistic and economic centre, Rotterdam is Europe's largest seaport. In 2020, it had a population of 651,446 and is home to over 180 nationalities. Rotterdam is known for its university, riverside setting, lively cultural life, maritime heritage and modern architecture. The near-complete destruction of the city centre in the World War II Rotterdam Blitz has resulted in a varied architectural landscape, including skyscrapers designed by architects such as Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom and Ben van Berkel.

The Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads, and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nicknames "Gateway to Europe" and "Gateway to the World".

The Chi Lin Nunnery was founded in 1934 but was rebuilt in the 1990s following the style of Tang Dynasty traditional Chinese architecture. The present-day buildings are wood frame buildings built without the use of any iron nails. This construction is based on traditional Chinese architectural techniques dating from the Tang Dynasty that uses special interlocking systems cut into the wood to hold them in place. The Chi Lin Nunnery buildings are the only buildings to be built in this style in modern day Hong Kong.

If you like to see more of this Oasis in the city, feel free to visit my set:

www.flickr.com/photos/chezc/sets/72157628969261121/with/6...

St. Francis of Assisi Church in Kraków.

The Franciscans came to Kraków as early as 1237. Almost all of them had known St. Francis who died nine years earlier.

St. Francis of Assisi Church built in the years 1237-1269 was founded by Prince Henry the Pious and it was one of the first brick constructions in Krakow. Now the most authentic part of the church is the northern elevation of the transept, surviving almost intact in its 13th century form. The stocky proportions of the transept facade show the spirit of the early phase of Gothic. The arcaded moulded-brick frieze adorning the gable is a dircet borrowing from Lombardian architecture. The straight wall of the presbytery was replaced by a three-sided apse in the 15th century.

A place of special beauty are the Gothic cloisters surrounding the rectangular viridarium, dating mostly from the first half of the 15th. century.

In 1850 the church and monastery went up in flames of The Great Fire, the same fire which destroyed the interiors of the Dominicans. The reconstruction took several dozen years. But this unfortunate event gave occasion to another extraordinary meeting of styles: the interior was redecorated in Art Nouveau style by the famous Polish artist Stanisław Wyspiański who designed not only the murals that cover the interior of the church, but also the marvellous stained glass windows. Most famous is the huge 'Let it Be', which stands above the Western facade and shows God in the act of creation.

Lund architecture, the university library building

Angkor Wat ("Capital Temple") is a temple complex in Cambodia and the largest religious monument in the world measuring 162.6 hectares. It was originally constructed in early 12th century by King Suryavarman II as a Hindu temple dedicated to the god Vishnu for the Khmer Empire and gradually transforming into a Buddhist temple towards the end of the 12th century. As the best-preserved temple at the site, it is the only one to have remained a significant religious center since its foundation. The temple is at the top of the high classical style of Khmer architecture. It has become a symbol of Cambodia (national flag) and it is the country's prime attraction for visitors.

Angkor Wat combines two basic plans of Khmer temple architecture: the temple-mountain and the later galleried temple. It is designed to represent Mount Meru. Within the moat is the outer wall 3.6 kilometers long and there are three rectangular galleries, each raised above the next. At the center of the temple stands a quincunx of towers. Unlike most Angkorian temples, Angkor Wat is oriented to the west; scholars are divided as to the significance of this. The temple is admired for the grandeur and harmony of the architecture, its extensive bas-reliefs, and for the numerous devatas (deity) adorning its walls.

The Palazzo della Civiltà Italiana, also known as the Palazzo della Civiltà del Lavoro or simply the Colosseo Quadrato (Square Colosseum), is an icon of Fascist architecture.

The EUR provides a large-scale image of how urban Italy might have looked if the fascist regime had not fallen during the war—large, symmetrical streets and austere buildings of limestone, tuff and marble, in either stile Littorio, inspired by ancient Roman architecture, or Rationalism. Its architectural style is often called simplified neoclassicism. Marcello Piacentini, the coordinator of the commission for E42, based it on the Italian Rationalism of Pagano, Libera, and Michelucci.

The design of the "Square Colosseum" was inspired more to celebrate the Colosseum, and the structure was intended by Benito Mussolini as a celebration of the older Roman landmark. Similar to the Colosseum, the palace has a series of superimposed loggias, shown on the façade as six rows of nine arches each. These numbers are said to be an allusion to the name of the Fascist dictator: "Benito" having six letters and "Mussolini," nine.[by whom?]

The palace is entirely clad in travertine marble, as is characteristic of buildings in the EUR. It is a parallelepiped on a square base, with six levels rising above a podium. The scale is imposing: the base covers an area of 8,400 square meters, and the building has volume 205,000 cubic meters with a height 68 meters (50 meters from the base).

The Dayton Arcade is a collection of five buildings in Dayton, Ohio. The Historic Arcade is a historic, architecturally elegant complex in the heart of Dayton's central business district. Built between 1902 and 1904, it was conceived by Eugene J. Barney of the Barney & Smith Car Company and consists of five interconnecting buildings topped by a glass-domed rotunda, 70 feet (21 m) high and 90 feet (27 m) in diameter (detailing around the dome includes oak leaves and acorns, grain, rams' heads, wild turkeys, and cornucopia), below which two balconied upper floors circle the central enclave. As president of the Arcade Company, Barney made sure the Arcade had the latest innovations, including elevators, a power plant and a cold-storage plant. The architect was Frank M. Andrews, known also as architect for many of NCR's factory buildings (notable for their use of progressive fenestration) and the American Building (originally Conover) at Third and Main Streets in Dayton. 110

Masjid-e-Siraj ud-Daulah, locally known as Chandanpura Jame Masjid, is one of the great examples of Mughal-inspired architecture.

The Chandanpura Masjid is a mosque situated in the old part of Chittagong on the Nabab Siraj ud-Daulah road in Bangladesh. It is one of the famous landmarks in Chittagong and a popular tourist attraction for its impressive architecture consisting of multiple domes and minarets painted in bright colors.

According to historians, it was built in 1870 by one Master Abdul Hamid, a contractor. After its construction, the mosque used to be known as Hamidia-Taj-Masjid. Builders and architects from Lucknow and Mumbai (of India) were brought in for the work.

Later in 1947, Abu Syed Dobhash, a descendant of Hamid, took the initiative to renovate the mosque, which was completed in 1952. It had cost around Tk 4 lakh for the renovation.

Although it was renovated in 1952, the mosque has deteriorated over the years due to environmental factors, such as air pollution. Little is known about the origin and the history behind the mosque except for the local historians.

The two-storey structure with an entrance in the middle has two staircases zigzagging to the top of two minarets on both sides. Railings of the staircases are decorated with multi-coloured floral designs. Both minarets are around seven-storey tall.

In total, there are five domes with a large onion dome at the centre -- surrounded by structures intricately designed like petals.

This mosque is a part of our identity. It never ceases to amaze us even after so many years.

**Chaco Culture National Historical Park** - National Register of Historic Places Ref # 66000895, date listed 19661015

Address Restricted

Thoreau, NM (McKinley County)

A World Heritage Site (whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/us).

For all the wild beauty of Chaco Canyon's high-desert landscape, its long winters, short growing seasons, and marginal rainfall create an unlikely place for a major center of ancestral Puebloan culture to take root and flourish. Yet this valley was the center of a thriving culture a thousand years ago. The monumental scale of its architecture, the complexity of its community life, the high level of its community social organization, and its far-reaching commerce created a cultural vision unlike any other seen before or since.

The cultural flowering of the Chacoan people began in the mid 800s and lasted more than 300 years. We can see it clearly in the grand scale of the architecture. Using masonry techniques unique for their time, they constructed massive stone buildings (Great Houses) of multiple stories containing hundreds of rooms much larger than any they had previously built. The buildings were planned from the start, in contrast to the usual practiced of adding rooms to existing structures as needed. Constructions on some of these buildings spanned decades and even centuries. Although each is unique, all great houses share architectural features that make them recognizable as Chacoan. (1)

References (1) Chaco Culture NPS www.nps.gov/chcu/learn/historyculture/index.htm

The Basilica of Saint-Denis (French: Basilique royale de Saint-Denis, now formally known as the Basilique-cathédrale de Saint-Denis) is a large former medieval abbey church and present cathedral in the commune of Saint-Denis, a northern suburb of Paris. The building is of singular importance historically and architecturally as its choir, completed in 1144, is widely considered the first structure to employ all of the elements of Gothic architecture.

The basilica became a place of pilgrimage and a necropolis containing the tombs of the French Kings, including nearly every king from the 10th century to Louis XVIII in the 19th century. Henry IV of France came to Saint-Denis to formally renounce his Protestant faith and become a Catholic. The Queens of France were crowned at Saint-Denis, and the royal regalia, including the sword used for crowning the kings and the royal sceptre, were kept at Saint-Denis between coronations.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint-Denis

Excerpt from historicplaces.ca:

Description of Historic Place

Hopedale Mission National Historic Site Canada is a complex of large, wooden buildings constructed by the Moravian Church at Hopedale, Labrador. These large, wooden structures stand starkly silhouetted against the rocky shoreline of the vast, barren landscape. Official recognition refers to the cultural landscape comprised of the mission buildings on their shoreline site.

Heritage Value

Hopedale Mission was designated a National Historic Site of Canada because:

- it symbolizes the interaction between the Labrador Inuit and Moravian missionaries; and,

- singularly and collectively, the mission buildings are fine representative examples of Moravian Mission architecture in Labrador.

The heritage value of Hopedale Mission National Historic Site of Canada lies in the common purpose, spatial, architectural, and functional relationships of the grouped buildings in this complex, and in their architectural expression as illustrations of Moravian mission architecture.

The Moravian Mission at Hopedale was established in 1782. Today Hopedale Mission National Historic Site of Canada contains seven buildings: the Early Mission Building, the Mission House (workshop wing), the Mission House (main wing), the Church, a connecting link between the Church and the Mission House (all completed by 1850-1861), the Reserve Storehouse (1892), and the Dead House (1861). The Oil and Salt Storehouse that was in this complex of buildings when they were designated in 1970 and was demolished in 1999.

Character-Defining Elements

Key elements that contribute to the heritage character of the site include:

- the irregular profile of the complex with buildings of varied heights, rooflines, and massing;

- the tight grouping of buildings;

- the evidence of Moravian construction techniques, including brick in-filling;

- the original wooden construction materials, including clapboarding covered with a lime wash, and shake roofing;

- the evidence of hand craftsmanship on most wood materials,

- the evidence of the evolution of functional design over time;

- the spatial relationships between buildings and evidence of its evolution over time;

- the line of the present fence around the complex;

- the viewscapes from the Mission House of the present and former buildings, to the wharf and to dock remnants;

- the early mission building with its two-storey, rectangular massing with end-gabled roof and the irregular definition of its apertures;

- the Mission House (workshop wing) with its two-storey, rectangular massing with end-gabled roof, regularly spaced, square headed windows on its second storey, and the large utility door on its first storey;

- the Mission House (main wing) with its two-storey, rectangular massing with a steeply pitched end-gable roof, eyebrow dormers and symmetrical chimneys, and the irregular pattern of fenestration with standard-size, square headed windows;

- the Church with its rectangular massing under a steeply pitched roof with a truncated gable and central cupola, the regular placement of windows between flanking doors on its side façades, arched transoms above doors and the found form, features and materials of the connecting link between the Church and the Mission House in its single storey height and irregular footprint;

- the Reserve Storehouse with its found scale, massing, form, features and materials;

- the Dead House with its found scale, massing, form, features and materials;

- the archaeological remains, including remnants of earlier buildings within the complex such as the Oil and Salt Storehouse, remnants of a garden between the Mission House and the Church, remnants of the Blubber Yard, and remnants of the historic fences within the complex.

The National Museum – Architecture.

The largest Victorian-style greenhouse in the country, The Enid A. Haupt Conservatory is a magnificent work of architecture. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NYC -- September 21, 2017

www.youtube.com/watch?v=Swvp0bSmM2c

The Church of St Mary the Virgin, widely known as St Mary Redcliffe, is the main Church of England parish church for the Redcliffe district of Bristol. The first reference to a church on the site appears in 1158, with the present building dating from 1185 to 1872. The church is considered one of the country’s finest and largest parish churches as well as an outstanding example of English Gothic architecture. The church is so large it is sometimes mistaken for Bristol Cathedral by tourists. It, unsurprisingly, enjoys Grade I listed status.

The church is notable for its many large stained glass windows, decorative stone vaults, flying buttresses, rare hexagonal porch and massive Gothic spire. With a height of 84 metres to the top of the weathervane, St Mary Redcliffe is the second-tallest structure in Bristol and the sixth-tallest parish church in the country. The church spire is a major Bristol landmark, visible from across the city and until the completion of Castle Park View in 2020, was the tallest structure ever to have been erected in Bristol.

St Mary Redcliffe has received widespread critical acclaim from various architects, historians, poets, writers and monarchs. Queen Elizabeth I, on a visit to the church in 1574, described St Mary Redcliffe as “The fairest, goodliest and most famous parish church in England”; Simon Jenkins gives St Mary Redcliffe the maximum five-star rating in his book ‘England’s Thousand Best Churches’, one of only eighteen to receive such a rating, describing it as a “masterpiece of English Gothic”; and Nikolaus Pevsner says that “St Mary Redcliffe need not fear comparison with any other English parish church”.

This description incorporates text from the English Wikipedia.

The historic capital of Normandy, Rouen is a famous old French city commonly known as the “city with a hundred bells chiming in the air”. With numerous cathedrals, this beautiful city exudes the charms of traditional French culture. Situated north of France on the River Seine, the capital city of Normandy is well known for its Notre Dame Cathedral and the city where Joan of Arc was trialled. Today, the city of Rouen is a vibrant city with old and new attractions to welcome its visitors.

The key attraction for Rouen, this Roman Catholic Cathedral is the important icon for Rouen with its majestic and grand architecture. The cathedral houses the tomb of Richard the Lionheart, who was the King of England. Located in the center of the city, it is one of the most visited attractions in Rouen. Magnificent light shows illuminate the cathedral at night, a definite must see for the city.

A church was already present at the location in the late 4th century, and eventually a cathedral was established in Rouen as in Poitiers. It was enlarged by St. Ouen in 650, and visited by Charlemagne in 769. All the buildings perished during a Viking raid in the 9th century. The Viking leader, Rollo, founder of the Duchy of Normandy, was baptised here in 915 and buried in 932. His grandson, Richard I, further enlarged it in 950. St. Romain's tower was built in 1035. Construction on the current building began in the 12th century in Early Gothic style for Saint Romain's tower, front side porches and part of the nave. The cathedral was burnt in 1200. Others were built in High Gothic style for the mainworks: nave, transept, choir and first floor of the lantern tower in the 13th century; side chapels, lady chapel and side doorways in the 14th century. Some windows are still decorated with stained glass of the 13th century, famous because of a special cobalt blue colour, known as "the blue from Chartres". The north transept end commenced in 1280.

The cathedral has actually been destroyed and rebuilt several times before.

The Renaissance spire was destroyed by lightning in 1822. A new one was rebuilt in Neo-Gothic style, but of cast iron instead of wood. The cathedral was named the tallest building (the lantern tower with the cast iron spire of the 19th century) in the world (151 m) from 1876 to 1880. In the 20th century, during World War II, the cathedral was bombed in April 1944 by the British Royal Air Force. Seven bombs fell on the building, narrowly missing a key pillar of the lantern tower, but damaging much of the south aisle and destroying two rose windows A second bombing by the U.S. Army Air Force (before the Normandy Landings in June 1944) burned the oldest tower, called the North Tower or Saint-Romain Tower. During the fire the bells melted, leaving molten remains on the floor. In 1999, during Cyclone Lothar, a copper-clad wooden turret, which weighed 26 tons, broke and fell partly into the church and damaged the choir.

Himinglæva is a sculpture made of stainless-steel made by Icelandic sculptor Elín Hansdóttir, unveiled in 2022 outside the Harpa concert hall in Reykjavík. It’s a work of art that is not only meant to be seen, but also heard. An “Aeolian harp,” the sculpture is designed to produce sonic overtones as the wind travels through it—although I didn’t perceive any on the blustery day on which I photographed it.

Although it is known in English as ‘Wind Harp’, its Icelandic name of ‘Himinglæva’ comes from Norse mythology, and means “transparent, shining, and small wave.”

In Norse mythology, sailors who sensed the power of the wind and waves around them assumed that the mythical figure Himinglæva was embodying the water and propelling their vessels across the ocean. Alluding metaphorically to this legend, the harp is designed to attune the viewer to the natural forces around them. The shape is based on a Lissajous figure, representing the shape of light beams reflected through vibrating tuning forks. The sounds it produces change based on the force of the wind travelling through it.

Harpa (Icelandic for Harp) is a concert hall and conference centre in Reykjavík, Iceland. The opening concert was held on 4 May 2011. The building features a distinctive colored glass facade inspired by the basalt landscape of Iceland

It was designed by the Danish firm Henning Larsen Architects in co-operation with Danish-Icelandic artist Olafur Eliasson. The structure consists of a steel framework clad with geometric shaped glass panels of different colours.

Construction started in 2007 but was halted with the start of the financial crisis. The completion of the structure was uncertain until the government decided in 2008 to fully fund the rest of the construction costs for the half-built concert hall. For several years it was the only construction project in existence in Iceland. The building was given its name on the Day of Icelandic Music on 11 December 2009, prior to which it was called Reykjavík Concert Hall and Conference Centre (Icelandic: Tónlistar- og ráðstefnuhúsið í Reykjavík). The building is the first purpose-built concert hall in Reykjavík and it was developed in consultation with artistic advisor Vladimir Ashkenazy and international consultant Jasper Parrott of HarrisonParrott.[8] It houses the Iceland Symphony Orchestra and the offices of The Icelandic Opera.

In 2013, the building won the European Union's Mies van der Rohe award for contemporary architecture.

The glass façade of the building consists of 714 LED lights, 486 in the eastern part of the building and 228 in the western part. These lights usually display video works designed by Olafur Eliasson, and sometimes other artists

This description incorporates text from the English Wikipedia.