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"I still think that a small lightening charge through the cue would aid your shot Mr Solo!" advised Thor.
"I don't know, Thor. I'm pretty sure it'd have some disastrous consequences!" replied a worried Captain Solo.
Every time I see a baby Burrowing Owl I just want to take it home!! They are such a beautiful and special creature!! They are protected in Florida because of lose of habitat ( they love to live where people build houses) !! Hope everyone is having a great week and we will see everyone on Thursday !!
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Zen Buddhism advises one to immerse oneself in what's overlooked, to focus on what's right there in front of you, and to savor detail!
In Japanese, there's a phrase "mono no aware" that comes close to what I'm trying to convey in very simple images like this one.
After last weeks 'extension' to the trademark cup , it was suggested that a more suitable colour might be used for the two Trans Pennine Express 68s ,of which he advised were into Llandudno Junction today. With their late addition to RTT, there were only 2 of us to greet their arrival, 68022 'Resolution' leads the 0B40 towards Queens Road bridge. Operated from Walton Old Junction Sdgs. by Rail Operations Group, and 9 minutes late. At short notice this was the only blue available - Agapanthus 'Brilliant Blue' - also known as the 'African Lily'.
BE ADVISED: TO AVOID ANY CONFUSION, THE STORY THAT TAKES PLACE IS JUST BEFORE THE "RIOTS OF CORUSCANT" EVENT.
________________________________________________
///LOG ENTRY\\\
Year: Some years after Battle of Jakku
Timeline: One month after meeting with Zach & The Survivor leaders
Planet: Zeffo
Mission: Eradicate all Imperial occupants, free the local natives of the planet
________________________________________________
"So let me just say... never let Clang try to negotiate ever again..."
'...You know what you did! If you just shut your mouth, we wouldn't had that......I don't care who's fault it was! You are still responsible for that outcome!'
'*Sighs* Again, why do I have him with me?'
'Anyways...a month after we had met with Zach and the leaders of The Survivors, we were contacted by them for our first real assignment. Apparently, from what reports suggested, Imperial presence has been revealed on the planet of Zeffo. Honestly, I had thought we had cleared them out years ago when another Jedi survivor went to that planet. But I guess you can't scare the Empire out so easily. Guess it's our turn now...'
'When we entered Zeffo's orbit in our fighters, we were told that there were multiple sectors of Imperial strongholds across the mountain terrains and plains. Although we were the only ones in the atmosphere, we were able to spot a few sites with smoke and blaster fire coming from multiple outposts and fortresses, which would indicate that some Survivor soldiers were on the ground as we speak. Which means...we would need to act fast.'
'Landing our fighters stealthily in a large crevice of two mountains, we made our way around the mountain and towards one of the many strongholds on the planet. The information about this one was that this was a research facility, one that had been specifically hidden away in the mountains, and away from other obvious outposts that you could see from the naked eye. We knew very little about what they were doing inside, but the Survivor leaders requested us to download any and all files containing any imperial information that they wouldn't want anyone to know. I figured that the less we knew, the more fun it was for us.'
'Halfway up the large mountain, we finally spotted our target; two platforms connected to one another, one for soldier capacity and the other for a large dish network for communication. Before we headed up, I wanted to get some reconnaissance on our enemy, so I sent Garsheen to take a quick look with his jetpack and binoculars. Complying, he headed up towards the mountain, keeping himself at a safe distance between him and any nearby enemies on the platforms. Me and Clang waited for a bit, chatting amongst ourselves about the past and a few other others before Garsheen came back down with an update. Surprisingly, there were only a few guards on the platform to deal with, much to Clang's dismay. I told him and Garsheen to expect the unexpected, cause you never know what the Empire will throw at us.'
'And sadly...I was right.'
After we made our way up the mountain quietly, we immediately reached the right side of the platform, peaking over to see the guards that Garsheen was talking about. Without hesitation, we took them all down with our blasters and pistols and immediately got to work on the doors that was build into the mountain. With his skills, Garsheen sliced through the doors and we made our way with ease. We made quick work with the other Imperial loyalist inside and was able to reach the command center, slicing into their systems and retrieving any data we could fine. While it was downloading, I did spot something that made a few repeats over the data again and again. The few words were: 2-5-6, MOFF and QAZ. None of it made much sense, but I left it as it was as we quickly made haste out of the facility, hoping that none of the nearby Imperial soldiers heard us.'
'And just as I said earlier, they did as they were waiting for us outside. Just as the doors slid open, we were greeted with a large squad of stormtroopers. There were about eight soldiers, one engineer, and some kind of elite black trooper. Apparently, he must have be the squad leader of some sorts. However, when the trooper spoke, it wasn't a man, but a woman. Sure could have fooled us."
________________________________________________
Woman Trooper: General Jisza Vylon of the New Republic, you and your team are surrounded. Lay down your firearms and surrender to us, or be shot on the spot.
Jisza looked between Garsheen and Clang, nodding ever so slightly to each other before replying back to the woman officer.
Jisza: Yeah...not gonna happen, lady.
Woman Trooper: Too bad. Cause I wasn't going to give you a choice anwyays......kill them!
Just as the Imperials raised their weapons at them, Jisza immediately summoned the Force and sent five stormtroopers off the platform and down to their deaths. Clang and Garsheen quickly wiped out their own firearms and began blasting at the enemy. Garsheen jetpacked towards where they had climbed up to as Clang ran behind cover near their exit, blasting the enemy with his old DC-17 blaster. While the enemy soldiers took position on the other side, the black trooper and Jisza began their fight with one another, his lightsaber deflecting her blaster shots.
The battle didn't last very long as the last of the stormtrooper drops to the ground with a blaster shot in the head, while the engineer was shot by Garsheen and fell right off the platform as well. Meanwhile, Jisza kept up the attack as the black trooper was getting more furious with not being able to keep up with the New Republic general. She halted their attack as Jisza aimed his saber at her, Clang and Garsheen walking up next to him with their own firearms raised as well.
Jisza: It's over, Imperial. Surrender!
Woman Trooper: ...Never...
Pulling something out from her belt, she pushes a button on the device as the sound of a large explosion was heard coming from inside the stronghold. The platform shook, causing Jisza and the others to wobble around trying to keep their balance. The trooper took her chance and ran towards the railings, jumping right off the platform. When the violent quake ended, Jisza and the others rushed towards the edge as they immediately heard the sound of a TIE-Fighter, slowly appearing right before them from below. The trooper's voice echoed out before making her escape;
Woman Trooper: The commander sends his regards, Vylon! He will get his revenge soon enough!
With that, the fighter swooped up towards the sky before jumping through hyperspace from the atmosphere. Jisza's eyes was still transfixed towards the skies, a surprise look on his face completely stunning him. Clang and Garsheen noticed this, and asked him if he was alright. He looked to the two of them before slightly shaking his head, his look of disbelief still plastered on his face.
Jisza: No...no I'm not.
Garsheen: Who was that? What did that woman mean about "revenge"?
Jisza: I don't know...but I do know one thing...
Clang: What's that?
Jisza looked to Clang and muttered only a few words, causing Clang's eyes and expression to change as well. The only one that was confused was Garsheen, who looked at them both with a questionable look.
Jisza: Throte...he's still alive...
///END LOG\\\
__________________________
This was a lot of fun, especially when you tie in your own kind of stories into another one lol!
So this was a mission build called "Raid of Zeffo", and I must say, it was quite a task to try and come up with. I will admit, I probably could have added a bit of white for snow texture and what not, but my main focus was more on the rocky terrain detailing and looks. Probably not the best looking design, but it's much better than my original rocky builds. In all, I am happy with it.
I hope you all enjoyed, and please, let me know what you think down below in the comments. Also, leave a fav and follow for more of my team and I's content. Have a fan-building-tastic day! See ya' next year!
- Director KW
If you are planning to visit Rome, I advise you to look at the list of the best hotels and Airbnb, check the different locations on the centre of Rome city.
👇
Very sad to advise that on April 17, during the ice and wind storm in Ottawa, I was watching the nest and witnessed a chunk of ice knock the mother unconscious which caused her to fall over 10 meters to the ground. She was severely concussed and is being cared for by Safe Wings Ottawa. If she survives and once stabilized, she will be transported to The Owl Foundation In Niagara. The 2 owlets were rescued later in the evening thanks to a lot of effort by caring people who got involved and a tree climber was able to climb during very difficult conditions. The babies would not have survived the night if we had not been able to find a climber at a time when all the arborists in the region were responding to emergencies. They are doing very well and will also be transported to the Owl Foundation where a foster owl will take over the parenting if the mother does not recover and is unable to care for them. Thank you all for your interest and generous comments regarding this beautiful owl. To follow progress, go to The Owl Foundation's Facebook page.
As of April 20, this owl family was transferred to The Owl Foundation where the mother is making some progress but still in very serious condition. The owlets are doing very well, being cared for by the foster GHO, and could be released in August or September. For progress reports, go to the Owl Foundation’s Facebook page.
The owlets were released in the wild in the same region they were born, in late September 2018. The Owl Foundation tried very hard to rehabilitate the mother owl and while she made some progress, the owl continued to suffer from neurological problems as a result of the skull fracture and severe concussion it sustained from the falling chunk of ice from above the nest. There was evidence of chronic pain and her condition would not improve further. The Foundation staff made the humane decision to euthanize the owl some time in December 2018.
A mischievous band of outlaws paddle downstream with the proceeds of their latest heist. But first, they must pass the guard tower at the infamous Bottleneck Rapids, where a sizable garrison of King's men is stationed.
----------------------------------------
My first entry to the "Vehicle vs Vehicle" category of CCCXII and my ninth entry to CCCXII. I suppose it could just as well fit Merry Band, but I have a brawl for Vehicle vs Vehicle, and I've already done 1 Merry Band entry. This is also my entry to my brawl with Josdu on Merlin's Beard forums. I might advise you to find BOTH of the frawgs. One of them takes master-level frog-finding skills to locate.
::< Gamma Red, be advised. Hostiles are closing in on your position. Over.
::< Copy that. Proceding to Traxus Tower.
::< That's a negative, 0-4-4. Evac route near Traxus Tower has been desecrated by bombardments from one of the CSS-Class Battlecruisers above the city.
::< Understood, Kilo-Dispatch. We are in need of another evac route-
::< Procede to the New Alexandria Starport within 3 Km from your position. Close air-support will be provided when needed.
::< Copy that, Dispatch. Gamma Red, out.
-End Transmission-
Incoming Transmission:
::< Gamma Red, FPF rounds have been authorized to be fired 1 Km from your position. Over.
::< Negative, Dispatch. That's in our route. Over. We need a path outta' here.
::< I understand, 0-4-4. But if we don't lay down that Final Protection Fire, there might not be a Starport to go to. Get to cover, Gamma Red.
::< Understood, Dispatch. Gamma Red, out.
Floss-Silktree (Ceiba specious), which spans eastward and southeastward from Peru to Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina.
Flash photography is not generally advised in a dark rainforest. The alternative is to use a tripod and adjust the camera's settings. But if one is walking in a group, there's no time for that. This rainforest is in suburban Sydney, primarily consisting of the Coachwood.
Ferns are prominent here, the umbrella fern being glossy and appealing, (Sticherus flabellatus). King Fern is also common (Todea barbara). A large and upright moss was present here, probably Hypnodendron vittiense.
I first posted this as a Black Swallowtail Butterfly but have been advised by more knowledgeable followers that they believe this is indeed a Spicebush Swallowtail. I yield to their opinion, and thank them for keeping me on the right track.
The Spicebush Swallowtail is one of the most beautiful of all the swallowtail butterflies. It is a common species but is seldom found in large numbers in any given ecosystem. Its range includes the eastern half of North America from southern Canada to southern Florida west to central Texas and Oklahoma. It becomes less and less common as one moves west of the Mississippi River but is represented by "stray" populations as far west as Colorado and North Dakota and as far south as Cuba.
Preferred habitats for the spicebush swallowtail include open woods, forest edges, wooded swamps, pine barrens, and old fields located next to wooded areas. There are several plants that are preferred as food and habitat by the spicebush butterfly's developing larvae. One of the following species of plants is almost certain to be present in forested sites that maintain spicebush swallowtail butterflies: spicebush (Lindera benzoin), sassafras (Sasafras albidum), camphortree (Cinnamomum camphora) or red bay (Persea borbonia).
I found this one at Three Lakes Wildlife Management Area along the Shore of Lake Jackson.
Osceola County, Florida.
SHAW - a Post Office 8 miles from Vancouver, which is the business centre. (in North Burnaby)
The SHAW Post Office was established - 16 June 1924 and closed - 31 October 1941 owing to limited usefulness (office located within letter carrier delivery area). Location - Southwest corner of Douglas Road and Grant Street - (4036 Douglas Bay Road) The Post office was located in Walter Gibbs Grocery store on 2 acres of land. Walter also had 4 greenhouses on his property - called Gibbs Greenhouses. Douglas Road (now Canada Way), one of the first roads built to connect the rural farmlands of Burnaby to New Westminster.
LINK to a list of the Postmasters who served at the SHAW Post Office - recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/home/record...
Walter Cyril Brandreth Gibbs served as Postmaster at SHAW from - 16 June 1924 to - 31 October 1941.
Walter Cyril Brandreth Gibbs
(b. 28 March 1889 in England - d. 10 July 1955 at age 66 in Glasgow, Valley County, Montana, USA) - occupations - Grocer / Postmaster / Nurseryman - LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/clip/108072942/walter-cyril-branderath... LINK to his Find a Grave site - www.findagrave.com/memorial/212796413/walter-cyril_brandr...
Clipped from - Burnaby Broadcast newspaper - Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada - 31 December 1931 - POSTMASTER BEATEN UP - Walter Gibbs Postmaster of Shaw Post Office at Douglas and Grant, sustained injuries on December 22nd, when he was attacked by two men entering his store. A. Weetcott, 4020 Douglas road and C. A. Bradley, no fixed address were charged with the offence at Burnaby Police Court Saturday and remanded to Wednesday, when they were again remanded till next Saturday. Detective Maxwell made the arrest. LINK to newspaper article - Two Committed in Assault Case - www.newspapers.com/clip/108076354/burnaby-broadcast/
His wife - Elizabeth (nee Barber) Gibbs
(b. 15 January 1883 in Chester, Cheshire West and Chester Unitary Authority, Cheshire, England - d. 19 February 1970 (aged 87) in White Rock, Greater Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia, Canada) LINK to her death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/b1...
- sent from - / VANCOUVER / APR 21 / 5 PM / 1934 / BRITISH COLUMBIA / ADVISE YOUR / CORRESPONDENTS / OF YOUR CORRECT / POST OFFICE ADDRESS - (Coutts - A90 slogan cancel) - this slogan cancel was used at Vancouver 1922-23 and 1934.
- arrived at - / SHAW / AP 23 / 34 / B.C. / - split ring arrival stamp - this split ring hammer (A1-1) was proofed - 2 June 1924 - (RF E / now is classified as RF E2).
- sent by - 15 Hastings Street East / Vancouver, B.C. - this was Knowlton's Ltd. Drug Store which was opposite the Dunsmuir Hotel.
Addressed to: Mrs. Barclay / 3967 Graveley Street / City - redirected to - 3105 East 6th (a vacant house in 1934)
Alexander Clunes Barclay
(b. 22 September 1903 in Aberdeen, Scotland - d. 27 January 1970 at age 66 in Burnaby, British Columbia) - occupations - clerk / photographer for the Van Dyke Studio / plumber - LINK to his death certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/3c... - LINK to his newspaper obituary - www.newspapers.com/clip/108142838/obituary-for-alexander-...
His first wife - (the receiver) Lillian (nee Beever) Barclay
(b. 1904 in Fernie, British Columbia - d. ) - they were married - 7 November 1924 in Vancouver, B.C. - they were divorced - 30 March 1944 at New Westminster, B.C. - LINK to their marriage certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/45...
His second wife - Fanny Gertrude (nee Parmenter) Barclay
(b. 1908 in Vancouver, B.C. - d. after 1970) - they were married - 24 August 1944 in Burnaby, British Columbia - LINK to their marriage certificate - search-collections.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/Image/Genealogy/c5... - occupation - P.B.X. Telephone Operator for the C.P. Railway Company.
if you’re not one for reading, I advise you to skip this passage on my thoughts haha
Right now at this moment, I can honestly say I miss my best friend. And when I say best friend, I really mean it. These days when people ask me who my best friend is, I always say “I don’t really have a best friend here, everyone’s equally my good friends.” The reason I answer that is because no one has ever had so much in common with me, been there for me, truly understand me and known me for the longest time than my best friend.
We’ve known each other since we were 6. We were friends right away. As more time went on, we realized we both played piano, both did competitive swimming, both lived in the same area and so much more. By the time we were in grade 6, we did everything together. Every day after school we would go home then call each other and talk about everything then meet up 15 minutes later to walk to swim practice together. We would complain about deadly practices every day, make jokes about our coach, skip practice and go to the waterslides all the time. Sometimes we would get caught and our coach would yell at us and give us a speech about responsibility haha. Then there are the piano performances that happen at school. I remember we performed a song together with her doing the right hand part and me doing the left hand part. We nailed that performance haha. Oh gosh just typing this is making me tear up….in a good way (‘:
I was really sad I had to leave everyone in grade 6 since I was moving to Canada but I was especially sad that I had to leave my best friend ):
Last summer I had the chance of going back to hong kong to visit everyone. I don’t think anybody will ever understand how happy I was. I swear it was the best feeling in the world, to be able to see my amazing friends after 3 long years. First day I went back I did what I used to do all the time, I called her (the same number, I still have it memorized till this day.) and asked when we could meet up for lunch. The thing is I was kinda scared, cause I haven’t talked to her for 3 years, but it didn’t surprise me when she said,” meet me now, where we used to meet before all the time. See you in 5.” (:
Thank you to everyone who took time to read this (:
Hope you all have a wonderful Wednesday! :D
p.s. thank you sooooooo much to the lovely NIKKO for the sweet testimonial! it means a whole lot to me so thank you very much! check his stream out!!! it's insanely creative and fun :D
ENTER MY PRINT GIVEAWAY, I'VE DECIDED I'M CLOSING IT NEXT WEEK.
p.s. thank you for the explored everyone! ♥
35mm Paxette: no rangefinder, no light meter
Steinheil Cassar f2.8 45mm fixed lens with 4 speeds: 1/25, 1/50, 1/200, and bulb
Arista 100 film
devved HC110b
shot in April 2022 on 2 bike rides to/from work in San Francisco/home in Oakland
1981 Toyota Hiace camper.
DVLA have the colour as blue.
Anglia Car Auctions, King's Lynn -
"Having been used for ITV's 1980's documentary "The Investigator", the vehicle is now being offered direct from the film company. The previous owner was registered from 2003 until 2017. The V5 is to follow and the vendor advises that notification from DVLA states that it will be released on the 7th November. Comes with copy older style V5 with details of the first two owners until 2003 and one MoT from 1993 showing mileage recorded at 22,601. Current mileage 24,300. Chassis number JT1V0RH2000119141.
MoT September 2018
Estimate: £3,000 - 4,000."
Unsold.
British residents of a certain age will well remember these road signs advising motorists to slow down at a road junction. There was another sign, also with the red 'triangle in a circle' design , that told people to halt.
These days, such signs are termed 'pre-Worboys' as the Worboys Committee recommended a fundamental change in UK road signage and these changes came into effect from around 1965.
This survivor still serves its purpose, but being on a private residential road, I guess it can legally survive. Many years ago, I did spot one in Buckinghamshire, again on a private road.
Wikipedia has a page on it all en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worboys_Committee
Dorking, Surrey
8th July 2022
20220708 IMG_2136
ARGORY AND THE BOND BRIDGE NEAR MOY CO TYRONE23-05-2022 ... The ground at Bond’s Bridge and the river path formed part of the original Argory estate which was given to the National Trust in 1979.
The carpark and jetty at Bonds Bridge is for local fishermen use, and not for walkers to access the estate and walks. Visitors are advised to use the main entrance to The Argory and then follow the River Walk in order to view the bridge.
The Postcard
A postally unused carte postale published by F. Chapeau of Nantes.
Although the card was not posted, someone has written a date on the back:
"5. 12. 32".
Le Château des Ducs de Bretagne
Le Château des Ducs de Bretagne is a large castle located in the city of Nantes in the Loire-Atlantique département of France.
It is located on the right bank of the Loire, which formerly fed its ditches. It was the residence of the Dukes of Brittany between the 13th. and 16th. centuries, subsequently becoming the Breton residence of the French Monarchy.
The castle has been listed as a Monument Historique by the French Ministry of Culture since 1862.
Restoration of the Château
Starting in the 1990's, the town of Nantes undertook a massive programme of restoration and repairs to return the site to its former glory as an emblem of the history of Nantes and Brittany.
Following 15 years of works and three years of closure to the public, it was reopened on the 9th. February 2007, and is now a popular tourist attraction. Night-time illuminations at the castle further reinforce the revival of the château.
The restored edifice now includes the new Nantes History Museum, installed in 32 of the castle rooms. The museum presents more than 850 objects of interest with the aid of multimedia devices.
The château and its museum try to offer a modern vision of the heritage by presenting the past, the present and the future of the city.
The 500-metre round walk on the fortified ramparts provides views not just of the castle buildings and courtyards but also of the town.
The Sale of Liquor
So what else happened on Monday the 5th. December 1932?
Well, on that day, a joint resolution was introduced to the U.S. Congress repealing the Eighteenth Amendment, and turning the regulation of liquor over to the individual states.
British War Debts
Also on that day, the British government suggested issuing bonds to cover its war debts to the United States.
'Jane'
Also on that day, the comic strip 'Jane' by Norman Pett first appeared in the British tabloid newspaper the Daily Mirror.
Little Richard
The 5th. December 1932 also marked the birth, in Macon, Georgia, of Little Richard.
Richard Wayne Penniman, known professionally as Little Richard, was an American musician, singer, and songwriter. He was an influential figure in popular music and culture for seven decades.
Described as the "Architect of Rock and Roll", Richard's most celebrated work dates from the mid-1950's, when his charismatic showmanship and dynamic music, characterized by frenetic piano playing, pounding back beat and raspy shouted vocals, laid the foundation for rock and roll.
Richard's innovative emotive vocalizations and uptempo rhythmic music also played a key role in the formation of other popular music genres, including soul and funk.
He influenced numerous singers and musicians across musical genres from rock to hip hop, and his music helped shape rhythm and blues for generations.
"Tutti Frutti" (1955), one of Richard's signature songs, became an instant hit, crossing over to the pop charts in both the United States and the United Kingdom. His next hit single, "Long Tall Sally" (1956), hit No. 1 on the Billboard Rhythm and Blues Best-Sellers chart, followed by a rapid succession of fifteen more hits in less than three years.
Richard's performances during this period resulted in integration between the white Americans and black Americans in his audience.
In 1962, after a five-year period during which Richard abandoned rock and roll music for born again Christianity, concert promoter Don Arden persuaded him to tour Europe.
During this time, the Beatles opened for Richard on some tour dates. Richard advised the Beatles on how to perform his songs, and taught Paul McCartney his distinctive vocalizations.
Richard is cited as one of the first crossover black artists, reaching audiences of all races. His music and concerts broke the color line, drawing black and white people together despite attempts to sustain segregation.
Many of his contemporaries, including Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, Bill Haley, Jerry Lee Lewis, the Everly Brothers, Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran, recorded covers of his works.
Impressed by Richard's music and style, and personally covering four of Richard's songs on his own two breakthrough albums in 1956, Presley told Richard in 1969 that his music was an inspiration to him, and that he was "the greatest".
Richard was honored by many institutions. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as part of its first group of inductees in 1986. He was also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Richard was the recipient of Lifetime Achievement Awards from The Recording Academy and the Rhythm and Blues Foundation.
In 2015, Richard received a Rhapsody & Rhythm Award from the National Museum of African American Music for his key role in the formation of popular music genres, and for helping to bring an end to the racial divide on the music charts and in concerts in the mid-1950's.
"Tutti Frutti" was included in the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2010, which stated that:
"Richard's unique vocalizing over the
irresistible beat announced a new era
in music".
Little Richard - The Early Years
Richard Wayne Penniman was the third of twelve children of Leva Mae (née Stewart) and Charles "Bud" Penniman. His father was a church deacon and a brick mason, who sold bootlegged moonshine on the side, and who also owned a nightclub called the Tip In Inn. Richard's mother was a member of Macon's New Hope Baptist Church.
Initially, his first name was supposed to have been "Ricardo", but an error resulted in "Richard" instead. In childhood, he was nicknamed "Lil' Richard" by his family because of his small and skinny frame.
The Penniman children were raised in a neighborhood of Macon called Pleasant Hill. A mischievous child who played pranks on neighbors, he began singing in church and taking piano lessons at a young age.
Possibly as a result of complications at birth, Richard had a slight deformity that left one of his legs shorter than the other. This produced an unusual gait, and he was mocked for his allegedly effeminate appearance.
Richard's family were very religious, and joined various A.M.E., Baptist, and Pentecostal churches, with some family members becoming ministers. He enjoyed the Pentecostal churches the most, because of their charismatic worship and live music.
Richard later recalled that people in his neighborhood sang gospel songs throughout the day during segregation to keep a positive outlook, because:
"There was so much poverty, so
much prejudice in those days".
He had observed that:
"People sing to feel their connection
with God, and to wash their trials and
burdens away."
Gifted with a loud singing voice, he recalled that:
"I was always changing the key upwards,
and I was once stopped from singing in
church for screaming and hollering so loud.
My singing gave me the nickname "War Hawk".
Richard recalled that:
"As a child, I would beat on the steps
of the house, and on tin cans and pots
and pans, or whatever, while I was
singing, and this used to annoy the
neighbors."
Richard's initial musical influences were gospel performers such as Brother Joe May, Sister Rosetta Tharpe, Mahalia Jackson, and Marion Williams.
Joe May, a singing evangelist who was known as "The Thunderbolt of the Middle West" because of his phenomenal range and vocal power, inspired Richard to become a preacher. He credited the Clara Ward Singers for one of his distinctive hollers.
Richard attended Macon's Hudson High School, where he was a below-average student. He eventually learned to play alto saxophone, joining the school's marching band while in fifth grade.
While still in high school, Richard got a part-time job at Macon City Auditorium for local secular and gospel concert promoter Clint Brantley. He sold Coca-Cola to crowds during concerts of star performers of the day such as Cab Calloway, Lucky Millinder, and his favorite singer Sister Rosetta Tharpe.
Little Richard's Music Career
(a) 1947–1955: Beginnings
In October 1947, Sister Rosetta Tharpe overheard the fourteen-year-old Richard singing her songs before a performance at the Macon City Auditorium, and she invited him to open her show.
After the show, Tharpe paid Richard, inspiring him to become a professional performer. Richard stated that his piano style was greatly influenced by Ike Turner's piano intro on "Rocket 88".
In 1949, Richard began performing in Doctor Nubillo's traveling show. He was inspired to wear turbans and capes in his career by Nubillo, who also:
"Carried a black stick and exhibited
something he called 'the devil's child'—
supposedly the dried-up body of a
baby, with claw feet like a bird, and
horns on its head."
Nubillo told Richard:
"You're gonna be famous, but you'll
have to go where the grass is greener".
Before entering the tenth grade, Richard left his family home and joined Hudson's Medicine Show in 1949, performing Louis Jordan's "Caldonia". Richard recalled that the song was the first secular R&B song he learned, since his family had strict rules against playing R&B music, which they considered "devil music".
Little Richard was influenced by Jordan. In fact, the whoop sound on Jordan's record "Caldonia" sounds eerily like the vocal tone Little Richard adopted, in addition to the "Jordan-style pencil-thin mustache".
Richard also performed in drag during this time, performing under the name "Princess LaVonne".
In 1950, Richard joined his first musical band, Buster Brown's Orchestra, where Brown gave him the name Little Richard. Performing in the minstrel show circuit, Richard, in and out of drag, performed for various vaudeville acts such as Sugarfoot Sam from Alabam, the Tidy Jolly Steppers, the King Brothers Circus, and Broadway Follies.
Having settled in Atlanta at this point, Richard began listening to rhythm and blues, and frequented Atlanta clubs, including the Harlem Theater and the Royal Peacock, where he saw performers such as Roy Brown and Billy Wright onstage.
Richard was further influenced by Brown's and Wright's flashy style of showmanship, and was even more influenced by Wright's flamboyant persona. Inspired by Brown and Wright, he decided to become a rhythm-and-blues singer, and after befriending Wright, began to learn how to be an entertainer from him.
Richard began to sport a pompadour hairdo similar to Wright's, as well as a pencil mustache, using Wright's brand of facial pancake makeup and wearing flashier clothes.
Impressed by his singing voice, Wright put him in contact with Zenas Sears, a local D. J. Sears recorded Richard at his station, backed by Wright's band. The recordings led to a contract that year with RCA Victor. Richard recorded a total of eight sides for RCA Victor, including the blues ballad, "Every Hour", which became his first single, and a hit in Georgia.
The release of "Every Hour" improved his relationship with his father, who began regularly playing the song on his nightclub jukebox. Shortly after the release of "Every Hour", Richard was hired to front Perry Welch and His Orchestra, and played at clubs and army bases for $100 a week.
Richard left RCA Victor in February 1952 after his records for the label failed to chart; the recordings were marketed with little promotion from RCA Victor, although ads for the records showed up in Billboard Magazine.
After his father´s death in 1952, Richard began to find success, RCA Victor re-issued the recordings on the budget RCA Camden label. He continued to perform during this time, and Clint Brantley agreed to manage Richard's career.
Moving to Houston, he formed a band called the Tempo Toppers, performing as part of blues package tours in Southern clubs such as Club Tijuana in New Orleans, and Club Matinee in Houston.
Richard signed with Don Robey's Peacock Records in February 1953, recording eight sides, including four with Johnny Otis and his band that were unreleased at the time. Like Richard's venture with RCA Victor, none of his Peacock singles charted, despite Richard getting knocked out by Robey during a scuffle.
Disillusioned by the record business, Richard returned to Macon in 1954. Struggling with poverty, he settled for work as a dishwasher for Greyhound Lines.
While in Macon, he met Esquerita, whose flamboyant onstage persona and dynamic piano playing deeply influenced Richard's approach to performance. That year, he disbanded the Tempo Toppers, and formed a harder-driving rhythm and blues band, the Upsetters, which included drummer Charles Connor and saxophonist Wilbert "Lee Diamond" Smith.
In 1954, Richard signed on to a Southern tour with Little Johnny Taylor. The band supported R&B singer Christine Kittrell on some recordings, then began to tour successfully, even without a bass guitarist, forcing drummer Connor to thump "real hard" on his bass drum in order to get a "bass fiddle effect". Around this time, Richard signed a contract to tour with fellow R&B singer Little Johnny Taylor.
At the suggestion of Lloyd Price, Richard sent a demo to Price's label, Specialty Records, in February 1955. Months passed before Richard got a call from the label. Finally, in September of that year, Specialty owner Art Rupe loaned Richard money to buy out of his Peacock contract, and set him to work with producer Robert "Bumps" Blackwell.
Upon hearing the demo, Blackwell felt that Richard was Specialty's answer to Ray Charles. However, Richard told him that he preferred the sound of Fats Domino. Blackwell sent him to New Orleans, where he recorded at Cosimo Matassa's J&M Studios, recording there with several of Domino's session musicians, including drummer Earl Palmer and saxophonist Lee Allen.
Richard's recordings that day failed to produce much inspiration or interest (although Blackwell saw some promise). Frustrated, Blackwell and Richard went to relax at the Dew Drop Inn nightclub. According to Blackwell, Richard then launched into a risqué dirty blues he titled "Tutti Frutti".
Blackwell felt that the song had hit potential, and hired songwriter Dorothy LaBostrie to replace some of Richard's sexual lyrics with less controversial ones. He also changed the microphone placement, and pushed Richard's voice forward.
Recorded in three takes in September 1955, "Tutti Frutti" was released as a single that November, and became an instant hit, reaching No. 2 on Billboard magazine's Rhythm and Blues Best-Sellers chart and crossing over to the pop charts in both the United States and the United Kingdom. It reached No. 21 on the Billboard Top 100 in America, and No. 29 on the British singles chart, eventually selling a million copies.
(b) 1956–1962: Initial Success and Conversion
Richard's next hit single, "Long Tall Sally" (1956), hit number one on the R&B chart and number thirteen on the Top 100 while reaching the top ten in Great Britain. Like "Tutti Frutti", it sold over a million copies.
Following his success, Richard built up his backup band, The Upsetters, with the addition of saxophonists Clifford "Gene" Burks and leader Grady Gaines, bassist Olsie "Baysee" Robinson and guitarist Nathaniel "Buster" Douglas.
Richard began performing on package tours across the United States. Art Rupe described the differences between Richard and a similar hitmaker of the early rock and roll period by stating that:
"While the similarities between Little Richard
and Fats Domino for recording purposes were
close, Richard would sometimes stand up at
the piano while he was recording and onstage,
whereas Domino was plodding, and very slow,
Richard was very dynamic, completely uninhibited,
unpredictable, and wild. So the band took on
the ambience of the vocalist."
Richard's performances, like most early rock and roll shows, resulted in integrated audience reaction during an era where public places were divided into "white" and "colored" domains. In these package tours, Richard and other artists such as Fats Domino and Chuck Berry would enable audiences of both races to enter the building, albeit still segregated (e.g. blacks on the balcony and whites on the main floor).
As his later Producer H. B. Barnum, explained, Richard's performances enabled audiences to come together to dance. Despite broadcasts on television from local supremacist groups such as the North Alabama White Citizens Council warning that rock and roll "brings the races together", Richard's popularity was helping to shatter the myth that black performers could not successfully perform at "white-only venues", especially in the South where racism was most overt.
Richard's high-energy antics included lifting his leg while playing the piano, climbing on top of his piano, running on and off the stage and throwing souvenirs to the audience. He also began using capes and suits studded with multi-colored stones and sequins. Richard said he began to be more flamboyant onstage so that no one would think he was "after the white girls".
Little Richard recalled:
"A lot of songs I sang to crowds first
to watch their reaction. That's how I
knew they'd hit."
Richard claims that a show at Baltimore's Royal Theatre in June 1956 led to some women throwing their panties onstage at him, resulting in other female fans repeating the action, saying that it was "the first time" that had happened to any artist.
Richard's show stopped several times that night due to fans being restrained from jumping off the balcony and then rushing to the stage to touch him.
Overall, Richard produced seven singles in the United States alone in 1956, with five of them also charting in the UK, including "Slippin' and Slidin'", "Rip It Up", "Ready Teddy", "The Girl Can't Help It" and "Lucille".
Immediately after releasing "Tutti Frutti", which was then protocol for the industry, "safer" white recording artists such as Pat Boone covered the song, sending the song to the top twenty of the charts, several positions higher than Richard's.
His fellow rock and roll peers Elvis Presley and Bill Haley also recorded his songs later that same year. Befriending Alan Freed, Richard was given a role in "rock and roll" movies such as Don't Knock the Rock, and Mister Rock and Roll.
Richard was given a larger singing role in the 1956 film, The Girl Can't Help It starring Jayne Mansfield. That year, he scored more hit successes with songs such as "Jenny, Jenny" and "Keep A-Knockin,'" the latter becoming his first top ten single on the Billboard Top 100.
By the time he left Specialty in 1959, Richard had scored a total of nine top 40 pop singles and seventeen top 40 R&B singles.
Richard performed at the famed twelfth Cavalcade of Jazz held at Wrigley Field in Los Angeles on the 2nd. September 1956.
Also performing that day were Dinah Washington, The Mel Williams Dots, Chuck Higgins' Orchestra, Bo Rhambo, Willie Hayden & Five Black Birds, The Premiers, Gerald Wilson and his 20-Piece Recording Orchestra, and Jerry Gray and his Orchestra.
Shortly after the release of "Tutti Frutti", Richard relocated to Los Angeles. After achieving success as a recording artist and live performer, Richard moved into a wealthy, formerly predominantly white neighborhood, living close to black celebrities such as boxer Joe Louis.
Richard's first album, Here's Little Richard, was released by Specialty in March 1957, and peaked at number thirteen on the Billboard Top LPs chart. Similar to most albums released during that era, the album featured six released singles and a number of "filler" tracks.
In October 1957, Richard embarked on a package tour in Australia with Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran. During the middle of the tour, he shocked the public by announcing that he intended to follow a life in the ministry.
Richard claimed in his autobiography that during a flight from Melbourne to Sydney, his plane was experiencing some difficulty, and he claimed to have seen the plane's red hot engines, and felt that angels were "holding it up".
At the end of his Sydney performance, Richard saw a bright red fireball flying across the sky above him, and claimed that he was "deeply shaken". Though he was eventually told that it was the launching of the first artificial Earth satellite Sputnik 1, Richard took it as a "sign from God" to repent from performing secular music and his wild lifestyle at the time.
Returning to the States ten days earlier than expected, Richard later read that the flight he had originally planned to take had crashed into the Pacific Ocean, He regarded this as a further sign to "do as God wanted".
After a "farewell performance" at the Apollo Theater and a "final" recording session with Specialty later that month, Richard enrolled at Oakwood College in Huntsville, Alabama, to study theology.
Despite his claims of spiritual rebirth, Richard admitted his reasons for leaving were more monetary. During his tenure at Specialty, despite earning millions for the label, Richard complained that he was unaware that Speciality had reduced the percentage of royalties he was to earn from his recordings.
In early 1958, Specialty released Richard's second album, Little Richard, which didn't chart.
Specialty continued to release Richard's recordings, including "Good Golly, Miss Molly" and his unique version of "Kansas City", until 1960. Finally ending his contract with the label, Richard agreed to relinquish any royalties for his material.
In 1958, Richard formed the Little Richard Evangelistic Team, traveling across the country to preach. A month after his decision to leave secular music, Richard met Ernestine Harvin, a secretary from Washington, D.C., and the couple married on the 11th. July 1959.
Richard ventured into gospel music, first recording for End Records, before signing with Mercury Records in 1961, where he eventually released King of the Gospel Singers, in 1962, produced by Quincy Jones, who later remarked that Richard's vocals impressed him more than any other vocalist that he had worked with.
Richard's childhood heroine, Mahalia Jackson, wrote in the notes of the album that:
"Richard sings gospel the
way it should be sung".
While Richard was no longer charting in the U.S. with pop music, some of his gospel songs such as "He's Not Just a Soldier" and "He Got What He Wanted", and "Crying in the Chapel", reached the pop charts in the U.S. and in the UK.
(c) 1962–1979: Return to Secular Music
Mick Jagger said of Richard:
"I heard so much about the audience
reaction, I thought there must be some
exaggeration. But it was all true.
He drove the whole house into a
complete frenzy ... I couldn't believe
the power of Little Richard onstage.
He was amazing."
In 1962, concert promoter Don Arden persuaded Little Richard to tour Europe after telling him his records were still selling well there.
With soul singer Sam Cooke as an opening act, Richard, who featured a teenage Billy Preston in his gospel band, figured it was a gospel tour and, after Cooke's delayed arrival forced him to cancel his show on the opening date, performed only gospel material during the show. This led to boos from the audience, who were expecting Richard to sing his rock and roll hits.
The following night, Richard viewed Cooke's well-received performance. Bringing back his competitive drive, Richard and Preston warmed up in darkness before launching into "Long Tall Sally", resulting in frenetic, hysterical responses from the audience.
A show at Mansfield's Granada Theatre ended early after fans rushed the stage. Hearing of Richard's shows, Brian Epstein, manager of the Beatles, asked Don Arden to allow his band to open for Richard on some tour dates, to which he agreed.
The first show for which the Beatles opened was at New Brighton's Tower Ballroom that October. The following month they, along with Swedish singer Jerry Williams and his band The Violents, opened for Richard at the Star-Club in Hamburg.
During this time, Richard advised the group on how to perform his songs, and taught Paul McCartney his distinctive vocalizations.
Back in the United States, Richard recorded six rock and roll songs with his 1950's band, the Upsetters for Little Star Records, under the name "World Famous Upsetters", hoping this would keep his options open in maintaining his position as a minister.
In the fall of 1963, Richard was called by a concert promoter to rescue a sagging tour featuring The Everly Brothers, Bo Diddley and the Rolling Stones. Richard agreed, and helped to save the tour from flopping.
At the end of that tour, Richard was given his own television special for Granada Television titled The Little Richard Spectacular. The special became a ratings hit, and after 60,000 fan letters, was rebroadcast twice.
In 1964, now openly re-embracing rock and roll, Richard released "Bama Lama Bama Loo" on Specialty Records. Due to his UK exposure, the song reached the top twenty there, but only climbed to number 82 in the U.S.
Later in the year, he signed with Vee-Jay Records, then on its dying legs, to release his "comeback" album, Little Richard Is Back. Due to the arrival of the Beatles and other British bands as well as the rise of soul labels such as Motown and Stax Records and the popularity of James Brown, Richard's new releases were not well promoted, nor well received by radio stations.
In November 1964, Jimi Hendrix joined Richard's Upsetters band as a full member.
In December 1964, Richard brought Hendrix and childhood friend and piano teacher Eskew Reeder to a New York studio to re-record an album's worth of his greatest hits. He went on tour with his new group the Upsetters to promote the album.
In early 1965, Richard took Hendrix and Billy Preston to a New York studio where they recorded the Don Covay soul ballad, "I Don't Know What You've Got (But It's Got Me)", which became a number 12 R&B hit.
Three other songs were recorded during the sessions, "Dance a Go Go" aka "Dancin' All Around the World", "You Better Stop", and "Come See About Me." However "You Better Stop" was not issued until 1971, and "Come See About Me" has yet to see official release.
Around this time, Richard and Jimi appeared in a show starring Soupy Sales at the Brooklyn Paramount, New York. Richard's flamboyance and drive for dominance reportedly got him thrown off the show.
Hendrix and Richard clashed over the spotlight, as well as Hendrix's tardiness, wardrobe and stage antics. Hendrix also complained over not being properly paid by Richard. In early July 1965, Richard's brother Robert Penniman "fired" Jimi. However, Jimi wrote to his father, Al Hendrix, that he quit Richard because:
"You can't live on promises when
you're on the road, so I had to cut
that mess aloose".
Hendrix had not been paid for five-and-a-half weeks, and was owed 1,000 dollars. Hendrix then rejoined the Isley Brothers' band, the IB Specials.
Richard later signed with Modern Records, releasing a modest charter, "Do You Feel It?" before leaving for Okeh Records in early 1966.
His former Specialty labelmate Larry Williams produced two albums for Richard on Okeh - the studio release The Explosive Little Richard, which utilised a Motown-influenced sound and produced the modest charters "Poor Dog" and "Commandments of Love." Secondly Little Richard's Greatest Hits: Recorded Live! which returned him to the album charts.
Richard was later scathing about this period, declaring Larry Williams "the worst producer in the world". In 1967, Richard signed with Brunswick Records, but after clashing with the label over musical direction, he left the label the following year.
Richard felt that producers on his labels failed to promote his records during this period. Later, he claimed they kept trying to push him to record in a style similar to Motown, and felt he wasn't treated with appropriate respect.
Richard often performed in dingy clubs and lounges with little support from his label. While Richard managed to perform at huge venues in England and France, in the U.S. Richard had to perform on the Chitlin' Circuit.
Richard's flamboyant look, while a hit during the 1950's, failed to help his labels to promote him to more conservative black record buyers. Richard later claimed that his decision to "backslide" from his ministry, led religious clergymen to criticise his new recordings.
Making matters worse, Richard said, was his insistence on performing in front of integrated audiences at the time of the black liberation movement shortly after the Watts riots and the formation of the Black Panthers. This caused many black radio disk jockeys in certain areas of the country, including Los Angeles, to choose not to play his music.
By then acting as his manager, Larry Williams convinced Richard to focus on his live shows. By 1968, he had ditched the Upsetters for his new backup band, the Crown Jewels, performing on the Canadian TV show, "Where It's At".
Richard was also featured on the Monkees' TV special 33⅓ Revolutions per Monkee in April 1969.
Williams booked Richard shows in Las Vegas casinos and resorts, leading Richard to adopt a wilder, flamboyant, and androgynous look, inspired by the success of his former backing guitarist Jimi Hendrix.
Richard was soon booked at rock festivals such as the Atlantic City Pop Festival, where he stole the show from headliner Janis Joplin. Richard produced a similar show stealer at the Toronto Pop Festival with John Lennon as the headliner.
These successes brought Little Richard to talk shows such as the Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, and the Dick Cavett Show, making him a major celebrity again.
Responding to his reputation as a successful concert performer, Reprise Records signed Richard in 1970, and he released the album, The Rill Thing, with the philosophical single, "Freedom Blues", becoming his biggest charted single in years.
In May 1970, Richard made the cover of Rolling Stone magazine. Despite the success of "Freedom Blues", none of Richard's other Reprise singles charted, with the exception of "Greenwood, Mississippi", a swamp rock original by guitar hero, Travis Wammack, who incidentally played on the track.
It charted only briefly on the Billboard Hot 100 and Cash Box pop chart, also on the Billboard Country charts; it made a strong showing on WWRL in New York, before disappearing.
Richard became a featured guest instrumentalist and vocalist on recordings by acts such as Delaney and Bonnie, Joey Covington and Joe Walsh, and was prominently featured on Canned Heat's 1972 hit single, "Rockin' with the King".
To keep up with his finances and bookings, Richard and three of his brothers formed a management company, Bud Hole Incorporated. On American TV, Richard announced that he would appear in a Rock Hudson motion picture, playing "The Insane Minister". (The appearance has never seen the light of day.)
Richard also mentioned a new project involving Mick Jagger and Joe Cocker, celebrating his 20 years in show business, though it was never realized.
By 1972, Richard had entered the rock and roll revival circuit, and that year, he co-headlined the London Rock and Roll Show at Wembley Stadium with his musical peer Chuck Berry, Richard would come on stage and announce himself as "The King of Rock and Roll", fittingly also the title of his 1971 album with Reprise, and told the packed audience there to "let it all hang out".
Richard, however, was booed during the show when he climbed on top of his piano and stopped singing; he also seemed to ignore much of the crowd. To make matters worse, he showed up with just five musicians, and struggled through low lighting and bad microphones.
When the concert film documenting the show came out, his performance was considered generally strong, though his fans noticed a drop in energy and vocal artistry. Two songs he performed did not make the final cut of the film.
The following year, he recorded a charting soul ballad, "In the Middle of the Night", released with proceeds donated to victims of tornadoes that had caused damage in twelve states.
Richard did no new recordings in 1974, although two "new" albums were released. In the summer, came a major surprise for fans, "Talkin' 'bout Soul", a collection of released and unreleased Vee Jay recordings, all never before on a domestic LP. Two tracks were new to the world: the title tune and "You'd Better Stop", both uptempo.
Later that year came a set recorded in one night, early the previous year, called "Right Now!", and featuring "roots" material, including a vocal version of an unreleased Reprise instrumental "Mississippi", released in 1972 as "Funky Dish Rag"; his third try at his gospel-rock "In the Name"; and a 6 minute plus rocker, "Hot Nuts", based upon a 1936 song by Li'l Johnson ("Get 'Em From The Peanut Man").
1975 was a big year for Richard, with a world tour, and acclaim over high energy performances throughout England and France. His band was perhaps his best to date. He cut a top 40 single (US and Canada), with Bachman-Turner Overdrive, "Take It Like a Man".
Richard worked on new songs with sideman, Seabrun "Candy" Hunter. He told Dee-Jay, Wolfman Jack, that he planned on releasing a new album with Sly Stone, but it never materialized.
In 1976, he decided to retire again, being physically and mentally exhausted, having experienced family tragedy and the drug culture. He was talked into once again re-cutting his greatest hits, for Stan Shulman in Nashville. This time, they did not use new arrangements, but stuck to the original arrangements.
Richard re-recorded eighteen of his classic rock and roll hits for K-Tel Records, in high-tech stereo recreations, with a single featuring the new versions of "Good Golly Miss Molly" and "Rip It Up," with both tracks reaching the UK singles chart.
Richard later admitted that he was heavily addicted to drugs and alcohol. By 1977, worn out from years of drug abuse and wild partying, as well as a string of personal tragedies, Richard quit rock and roll again and returned to evangelism, releasing one gospel album, God's Beautiful City, in 1979.
At the same time, while touring once again as a minister and returning to talk shows, a controversial album was released by the discount label, Koala, taken from a 1974 concert.
It includes an 11 minute discordant version of "Good Golly, Miss Molly". The performances are widely panned as subpar, and the album has gained some notoriety amongst record collectors.
(d) 1984–1999: Comeback
In 1984, Richard filed a $112 million lawsuit against Specialty Records, Art Rupe and his publishing company, Venice Music, and ATV Music for not paying royalties to him after he left the label in 1959. The suit was settled out of court in 1986.
According to some reports, Michael Jackson allegedly gave him monetary compensation for his work, which he co-owned with Sony-ATV, songs by the Beatles and Richard.
In September 1984, Charles White released the singer's authorized biography, Quasar of Rock: The Life and Times of Little Richard, which put Richard back in the spotlight. Richard returned to show business in what Rolling Stone referred to as "a formidable comeback" following the book's release.
Reconciling his roles as evangelist and rock and roll musician for the first time, Richard stated that the genre could be used for good or evil. After accepting a role in the film Down and Out in Beverly Hills, Richard and Billy Preston penned the faith-based rock and roll song "Great Gosh A'Mighty" for its soundtrack.
Richard won critical acclaim for his film role, and the song found success in the American and British charts. The hit led to the release of the album Lifetime Friend (1986) on Warner Bros. Records, with songs deemed "messages in rhythm", including a gospel rap track.
In addition to a version of "Great Gosh A'Mighty", cut in England, the album featured two singles that charted in the UK, "Somebody's Comin,'" and "Operator".
Richard spent much of the rest of the decade as a guest on television shows and appearing in films, winning new fans with what was referred to as his "unique comedic timing."
In 1988, he surprised fans with a serious tribute to Otis Redding at his Rock and Roll of Fame induction ceremony, singing several Redding songs, including "Fa Fa Fa (sad song)", "These arms of mine", and "Dock of the Bay ".
He told Otis' story, and explained how his 1956 tune "All Around the World" was Redding's reference on his 1963 side, "Hey, Hey Baby".
In 1989, Richard provided rhythmic preaching and background vocals on the extended live version of the U2–B.B. King hit "When Love Comes to Town". That same year, Richard returned to singing his classic hits following a performance of "Lucille" at an AIDS benefit concert.
In 1990, Richard contributed a spoken-word rap on Living Colour's hit song, "Elvis Is Dead", from their album Time's Up. That same year he appeared in a cameo for the music video of Cinderella's "Shelter Me".
In 1991, he was one of the featured performers on the hit single and video "Voices That Care" that was produced to help boost the morale of U.S. troops involved in Operation Desert Storm.
The same year, he recorded a version of "The Itsy Bitsy Spider" for the Pediatric AIDS Foundation benefit album For Our Children. The album's success led to a deal with Walt Disney Records, resulting in the release of a hit 1992 children's album, Shake It All About.
In 1994, Richard sang the theme song to the award-winning PBS Kids and TLC animated television series The Magic School Bus based on the book series created by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. He also opened Wrestlemania X from Madison Square Garden on the 20th. March that year, miming to his reworked rendition of "America the Beautiful".
Throughout the 1990's, Richard performed around the world and appeared on TV, film, and tracks with other artists, including Jon Bon Jovi, Elton John and Solomon Burke.
In 1992 he released his final album, Little Richard Meets Masayoshi Takanaka, featuring members of Richard's then current touring band.
(e) 2000–2020: The Later years
In 2000, Richard's life was dramatized for the biographical film Little Richard, which focused on his early years, including his heyday, his religious conversion and his return to secular music in the early 1960's.
Richard was played by Leon Robinson, who earned an NAACP Image Award nomination for his performance.
In 2002, Richard contributed to the Johnny Cash tribute album, Kindred Spirits: A Tribute to the Songs of Johnny Cash. In 2004–2005, he released two sets of unreleased and rare cuts, from the Okeh label 1966/67 and the Reprise label 1970/72. Included was the full Southern Child album, produced and composed mostly by Richard, scheduled for release in 1972, but shelved.
In 2006, Little Richard was featured in a popular advertisement for the GEICO brand. A 2005 recording of his duet vocals with Jerry Lee Lewis on a cover of the Beatles' "I Saw Her Standing There" was included on Lewis's 2006 album, Last Man Standing.
The same year, Richard was a guest judge on the TV series Celebrity Duets. Richard and Lewis performed alongside John Fogerty at the 2008 Grammy Awards in a tribute to the two artists considered to be cornerstones of rock and roll by the NARAS.
That same year, Richard appeared on radio host Don Imus' benefit album for sick children, The Imus Ranch Record. In June 2010, Richard recorded a gospel track for an upcoming tribute album to songwriting legend Dottie Rambo.
In 2009, Richard was Inducted into The Louisiana Music Hall Of Fame in a concert in New Orleans, attended by Fats Domino.
Throughout the first decade of the new millennium, Richard kept up a stringent touring schedule, performing primarily in the United States and Europe. However, sciatic nerve pain in his left leg and then replacement of the involved hip began affecting the frequency of his performances by 2010.
Despite his health problems, Richard continued to perform to receptive audiences and critics. Rolling Stone reported that at a performance at the Howard Theater in Washington, D.C., in June 2012:
"Richard was still full of fire, still a master
showman, his voice still loaded with deep
gospel and raunchy power."
Richard performed a full 90-minute show at the Pensacola Interstate Fair in Pensacola, Florida, in October 2012, at the age of 79, and headlined at the Orleans Hotel in Las Vegas during Viva Las Vegas Rockabilly Weekend in March 2013.
In September 2013, Rolling Stone published an interview with Richard who said that he would be retiring from performing. He told the magazine:
"I am done, in a sense, because I don't
feel like doing anything right now.
I think my legacy should be that when I
started in showbusiness there wasn't no
such thing as rock'n'roll.
When I started with 'Tutti Frutti', that's
when rock really started rocking."
Richard performed one last concert in Murfreesboro, Tennessee in 2014.
In June 2015, Richard appeared before a benefit concert audience, clad in sparkly boots and a brightly colored jacket at the Wildhorse Saloon in Nashville to receive the Rhapsody & Rhythm Award from and raise funds for the National Museum of African American Music.
He charmed the crowd by reminiscing about his early days working in Nashville nightclubs. In May 2016, the National Museum of African American Music issued a press release indicating that Richard was one of the key artists and music industry leaders that attended its third annual Celebration of Legends Luncheon in Nashville.
In 2016, a new CD was released on Hitman Records, California (I'm Comin') with released and previously unreleased material from the 1970's, including a cappella version of his 1975 single release, "Try to Help Your Brother".
On the 6th. September 2017, Richard participated in a long television interview for the Christian Three Angels Broadcasting Network, appearing in a wheelchair, clean-shaven, without make-up, dressed in a blue paisley coat and tie, where he discussed his lifelong Christian faith.
On the 23rd. October 2019, Richard addressed the audience after appearing to receive the Distinguished Artist Award at the 2019 Tennessee Governor's Arts Awards at the Governor's Residence in Nashville, Tennessee.
Little Richard's Personal Life
(i) Relationships and Family
Around 1956, Richard became involved with Audrey Robinson, a sixteen-year-old college student, originally from Savannah, Georgia. Richard and Robinson quickly got acquainted, despite Robinson not being a fan of rock and roll music.
Richard said in his 1984 autobiography that he invited other men to have sexual encounters with her, including Buddy Holly, although Audrey denied those statements.
Richard proposed marriage to Robinson, but she refused. Robinson later became known under the name Lee Angel as a stripper and socialite. Richard re-connected with Robinson in the 1960's, though she left him again after his drug abuse worsened.
Robinson was interviewed for Richard's 1985 documentary on The South Bank Show, and denied Richard's statements. According to Robinson, Richard would use her to buy food in whites-only fast food stores, as he could not enter any, due to the color of his skin.
Richard met his only wife, Ernestine Harvin, at an evangelical rally in October 1957. They began dating that year, and wed on the 12th. July 1959 in California. According to Harvin, she and Richard initially enjoyed a happy marriage with "normal" sexual relations.
When the marriage ended in divorce in 1964, Harvin said it was due to her husband's celebrity status, which had made life difficult for her. Richard said the marriage fell apart due to his being a neglectful husband and because of his sexuality.
Both Robinson and Harvin denied Richard's statements that he was gay, and Richard believed they did not know it because:
"I was such a pumper
in those days".
During the marriage, Richard and Harvin adopted a one-year-old boy, Danny Jones, from a late church associate. Richard and his son remained close, with Jones often acting as one of his bodyguards. Harvin later married McDonald Campbell in Santa Barbara, California, on the 23rd. March 1975.
(ii) Little Richard's Sexuality
In 1984, Richard said that he just played with girls as a child, and was subjected to homosexual jokes and ridicule because of his manner of walking and talking. His father brutally punished him whenever he caught him wearing his mother's makeup and clothing.
The singer said he had been sexually involved with both sexes as a teenager. Because of his effeminate mannerisms, his father kicked him out of their family home when he was fifteen. In 1985, on The South Bank Show, Richard explained:
"My daddy put me out of the house.
He said he wanted seven boys, and
I had spoiled it, because I was gay."
Richard got involved in voyeurism in his early twenties. A female friend would drive him around picking up men who would allow him to watch them having sex in the backseat of cars.
Richard's activity caught the attention of the Macon police in 1955, and he was arrested after a gas station attendant reported sexual activity in a car Richard was occupying with a heterosexual couple. Cited on a sexual misconduct charge, he spent three days in jail, and was temporarily banned from performing in Macon.
In the early 1950's, Richard became acquainted with openly gay musician Billy Wright, who helped in establishing Richard's look. Billy advised Richard to use pancake makeup, and to wear his hair in a long-haired pompadour style similar to his.
As Richard got used to the makeup, he ordered his band, the Upsetters, to wear makeup too, in order to gain entry into predominantly white venues. He later stated:
"I wore the make-up so that white
men wouldn't think I was after the
white girls.
It made things easier for me, plus
it was colorful too."
In 2000, Richard told Jet magazine:
"I figure if being called a sissy would
make me famous, let them say what
they want to."
Richard's look, however, still attracted female audiences, who would send him naked photos and their phone numbers.
During Richard's heyday, his obsession with voyeurism and group sex continued, with his girlfriend Audrey Robinson participating. Richard wrote that Robinson would have sex with men while she sexually stimulated Richard.
Despite saying he was "born again" after leaving rock and roll for the church in 1957, Richard left Oakwood College after exposing himself to a male student. The incident was reported to the student's father, and Richard withdrew from the college.
In 1962, Richard was arrested for spying on men urinating in toilets at a Trailways bus station in Long Beach, California. However he still participated in orgies, and continued to be a voyeur.
On the 4th. May 1982, on Late Night with David Letterman, Richard said:
"God gave me the victory. I'm not gay
now, but, you know, I was gay all my
life. I believe I was one of the first gay
people to come out.
But God let me know that he made
Adam be with Eve, not Steve.
So, I gave my heart to Christ."
In his 1984 book, while demeaning homosexuality as "unnatural" and "contagious", he told Charles White that he was "omnisexual".
In 1995, Richard told Penthouse that he always knew he was gay, saying "I've been gay all my life". In 2007, Mojo Magazine referred to Richard as "bisexual".
In October 2017, Richard once again denounced homosexuality in an interview with the Christian Three Angels Broadcasting Network, stating that:
"Homosexual and transgender identity
is an unnatural affectation that goes
against the way God wants you to live."
(iii) Little Richard's Drug Use
During his initial heyday in the 1950's rock and roll scene, Richard was a teetotaler, abstaining from alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Richard often fined bandmates for drug and alcohol use during this era.
By the mid-1960's, however, Richard began drinking large amounts of alcohol, as well as smoking cigarettes and marijuana. By 1972, he had developed an addiction to cocaine. He later lamented that period:
"They should have called me
Lil Cocaine, I was sniffing so
much of that stuff!"
By 1975, he had developed addictions to both heroin and PCP, otherwise known as "angel dust". His drug and alcohol misuse began to affect his professional career and personal life. He later recalled:
"I lost my reasoning."
Of his cocaine addiction, Richard said that he did whatever he could to use cocaine. Richard admitted that his addictions to cocaine, PCP and heroin were costing him as much as $1,000 a day.
In 1977, longtime friend Larry Williams once showed up with a gun and threatened to kill Richard for failing to pay his drug debt. Richard said that this was the most fearful moment of his life; Williams' own drug addiction made him wildly unpredictable.
Richard did acknowledge that he and Williams were "very close friends," and when reminiscing about the drug-fueled clash, he recalled thinking:
"I knew he loved me—
I hoped he did!"
Within that same year, Richard had several devastating personal experiences, including his brother Tony's death from a heart attack, the accidental shooting of his nephew whom he loved like a son, and the murder of two close personal friends – one a valet at "the heroin man's house."
These experiences convinced the singer to give up drugs and alcohol, along with rock and roll, and return to the ministry.
(iv) Little Richard and Religion
Richard's family had deep evangelical (Baptist and African Methodist Episcopal) Christian roots, including two uncles and a grandfather who were preachers. He also took part in Macon's Pentecostal churches, which were his favorites, mainly due to their music, charismatic praise, dancing in the Holy Spirit and speaking in tongues.
At the age of ten, influenced by Pentecostalism, he would go around saying that he was a faith healer, singing gospel music to people who were feeling sick, and touching them.
He later recalled that they would often say that they felt better after he prayed for them, and would sometimes give him money. Richard had aspirations of being a preacher due to the influence of singing evangelist Brother Joe May.
After he was born again in 1957, Richard enrolled at Oakwood College in Huntsville, Alabama, a mostly black Seventh-day Adventist college, to study theology. It was also at this time that he became a vegetarian.
Richard returned to secular music in the early 1960's. He was eventually ordained a minister in 1970, and resumed evangelical activities in 1977. Richard represented Memorial Bibles International, and sold their Black Heritage Bible, which highlighted the Book's many black characters.
As a preacher, he evangelized in anything from small churches to packed auditoriums of 20,000 or more. His preaching focused on uniting the races, and bringing lost souls to repentance through God's love.
In 1984, Richard's mother, Leva Mae, died following a period of illness. Only a few months prior to her death, Richard promised her that he would remain a Christian.
During the 1980's and 1990's, Richard officiated at celebrity weddings. In 2006, in one ceremony, Richard wedded twenty couples who had won a contest.
Richard used his experience and knowledge as an elder statesman of rock and roll to preach at funerals of musical friends such as Wilson Pickett and Ike Turner.
At a benefit concert in 2009 to raise funds to help rebuild children's playgrounds that were destroyed by Hurricane Katrina, Richard asked guest of honor Fats Domino to pray with him and others. His assistants handed out inspirational booklets at the concert, a common practice at Richard's shows.
Richard told a Howard Theatre, Washington, D.C. audience in June 2012:
"I know this is not Church, but
get close to the Lord. The world
is getting close to the end. Get
close to the Lord."
In 2013, Richard elaborated on his spiritual philosophies, stating:
"God talked to me the other night.
He said He's getting ready to come.
The world's getting ready to end,
and He's coming, wrapped in flames
of fire with a rainbow around His
throne."
Rolling Stone reported that Richard's apocalyptic prophesies generated snickers from some audience members as well as cheers of support. He responded to the laughter by stating:
"When I talk to you about Jesus, I'm
not playing. I'm almost 81 years old.
Without God, I wouldn't be here."
Little Richard's Health Problems and Death
In October 1985, having finished his album Lifetime Friend, Richard returned from England to film a guest spot on the show Miami Vice. Following the taping, he accidentally crashed his sports car into a telephone pole in West Hollywood. He suffered a broken right leg, broken ribs and head and facial injuries.
Richard's recovery from the accident took several months, preventing him from attending the inaugural Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ceremony in January 1986 where he was one of several inductees. He instead supplied a recorded message.
In 2007, Richard began having problems walking due to sciatica in his left leg, requiring him to use crutches. In November 2009, he entered hospital to have replacement surgery on his left hip.
Despite returning to performing the following year, Richard's problems with his hip continued, and he was brought onstage in a wheelchair, only being able to play sitting down.
On the 30th. September 2013, he revealed to CeeLo Green at a Recording Academy fundraiser that he had suffered a heart attack at home the week before. Taking aspirin and having his son turn on the air conditioner saved his life, according to his doctor. Richard stated:
"Jesus had something for me.
He brought me through."
On the 28th. April 2016, Richard's friend Bootsy Collins stated on his Facebook page that:
"Richard is not in the best of
health, so I ask all the Funkateers
to lift him up."
Reports began being posted on the internet stating that Richard was in grave health, and that his family were gathering at his bedside. On the 3rd. May 2016, Rolling Stone issued a rebuttal by Richard and his lawyer. Richard stated:
"Not only is my family not gathering
around me because I'm ill, but I'm still
singing. I don't perform like I used to,
but I have my singing voice, I walk
around, I had hip surgery a while ago,
but I'm healthy.'"
His lawyer said:
"He's 83. I don't know how many
83-year-olds still get up and rock
it out every week, but in light of
the rumors, I wanted to tell you
that he's vivacious and conversant
about a ton of different things, and
he's still very active in a daily routine."
Though Richard continued to sing into his eighties, he kept away from the stage.
On the 9th. May 2020, after a two month illness, Richard died at the age of 87 at his home in Tullahoma, Tennessee, from a cause related to bone cancer. His brother, sister, and son were with him at the time.
Richard received tributes from many popular musicians, including Bob Dylan, Paul McCartney, Mick Jagger, John Fogerty, Elton John, and Lenny Kravitz, as well as many others, such as film director John Waters, who were influenced by Richard's music and persona.
Richard was laid to rest at Oakwood University Memorial Gardens Cemetery in Huntsville, Alabama.
Little Richard's Legacy
Richard claimed to be "The Architect of Rock and Roll", and history would seem to bear out his boast. More than any other performer—save, perhaps, for Elvis Presley, Little Richard blew the lid off the Fifties, laying the foundation for rock and roll with his explosive music and charismatic persona.
On record, he made spine-tingling rock and roll. His frantically charged piano playing and raspy, shouted vocals on such classics as "Tutti Frutti", "Long Tall Sally" and "Good Golly, Miss Molly" defined the dynamic sound of rock and roll.
Richard's music and performance style had a pivotal effect on the sound and style of popular music genres of the 20th. century. As a rock and roll pioneer, Richard embodied its spirit more flamboyantly than any other performer.
Richard's raspy shouting style gave the genre one of its most identifiable and influential vocal sounds, and his fusion of boogie-woogie, New Orleans R&B and gospel music blazed its rhythmic trail.
Richard's innovative emotive vocalizations and uptempo rhythmic music also played a key role in the formation of other popular music genres, including soul and funk.
He influenced numerous singers and musicians across musical genres from rock to hip hop; his music helped shape rhythm and blues for generations to come.
Combining elements of boogie, gospel, and blues, Richard introduced several of rock music's most characteristic musical features, including its loud volume and vocal style emphasizing power, and its distinctive beat and innovative visceral rhythms.
He departed from boogie-woogie's shuffle rhythm, and introduced a new distinctive rock beat, where the beat division is even at all tempos. He reinforced the new rock rhythm with a two-handed approach, playing patterns with his right hand, with the rhythm typically popping out in the piano's high register.
His new rhythm, which he introduced with "Tutti Frutti" (1955), became the basis for the standard rock beat, which was later consolidated by Chuck Berry.
"Lucille" (1957) foreshadowed the rhythmic feel of 1960's classic rock in several ways, including its heavy bassline, slower tempo, strong rock beat played by the entire band, and verse–chorus form similar to blues.
Richard's voice was able to generate croons, wails, and screams unprecedented in popular music. He was cited by two of soul music's pioneers, Otis Redding and Sam Cooke, as contributing to the genre's early development.
Redding stated that most of his music was patterned after Richard's, referring to his 1953 recording "Directly From My Heart To You" as the personification of soul, and that:
"Richard has done a lot for
me and my soul brothers
in the music business."
Cooke said in 1962 that:
"Richard has done so
much for our music".
Cooke had a top 40 hit in 1963 with his cover of Richard's 1956 hit "Send Me Some Loving".
James Brown and others credited Richard and his mid-1950's backing band, The Upsetters, with having been the first to put funk in the rock beat. This innovation sparked the transition from 1950's rock and roll to 1960's funk.
Richard's hits of the mid-1950's, such as "Tutti Frutti", "Long Tall Sally", "Keep A-Knockin'" and "Good Golly, Miss Molly", were generally characterized by playful lyrics with sexually suggestive connotations.
AllMusic writer Richie Unterberger stated that:
"Little Richard merged the fire of
gospel with New Orleans R&B,
pounding the piano and wailing
with gleeful abandon. While other
R&B greats of the early 1950's had
been moving in a similar direction,
none of them matched the sheer
electricity of Richard's vocals.
With his high-speed deliveries,
ecstatic trills, and the overjoyed
force of personality in his singing,
he was crucial in upping the voltage
from high-powered R&B into the
similar, yet different, guise of rock
and roll."
Emphasizing the folk influences of Richard, English professor W. T. Lhamon Jr. wrote:
"His songs were literally good
booty. They were the repressed
stuff of underground lore.
And in Little Richard they found
a vehicle prepared to bear their
chocked energy, at least for his
capsulated moment."
Ray Charles introduced him at a concert in 1988 as:
"A man that started a kind of music
that set the pace for a lot of what's
happening today."
Richard's contemporaries, including Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, Bill Haley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Pat Boone, the Everly Brothers, Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran, all recorded covers of his works.
As they wrote about him for their Man of the Year – Legend Category in 2010, GQ magazine stated that:
"Richard is, without question, the
boldest and most influential of the
founding fathers of rock'n'roll."
Little Richard's Influence on Society
In addition to his musical style, Richard was cited as one of the first crossover black artists, reaching audiences of all races. His music and concerts broke the color line, despite attempts to sustain segregation.
As H. B. Barnum explained in Quasar of Rock:
"Little Richard opened the door.
He brought the races together."
Barnum described Richard's music as follows:
"It wasn't boy-meets-girl-girl-meets-boy,
they were fun records, all fun. And they
had a lot to say sociologically in our
country and the world."
Barnum also stated that:
"Richard's charisma was a whole
new thing to the music business.
He would burst onto the stage
from anywhere, and you wouldn't
be able to hear anything but the
roar of the audience. He might
come out and walk on the piano.
He might go out into the audience."
Barnum also stated that Richard was innovative in that he would wear colorful capes, blouse shirts, makeup and suits studded with multi-colored stones and sequins, and that he also brought flickering stage lighting from his show business experience into performance venues where rock and roll artists performed.
In 2015, the National Museum of African American Music honored Richard for helping to shatter the color line on the music charts and changing American culture for ever.
Ian "Lemmy" Kilmister of the heavy metal band Motörhead spoke highly of Little Richard, stating:
"Little Richard was always my main
man. How hard must it have been
for him: gay, black and singing in
the South? But his records are a
joyous good time from beginning
to end."
The Influence of Little Richard
Richard influenced generations of performers across musical genres. Quincy Jones stated that:
"Richard was an innovator whose
influence spans America's musical
diaspora from Gospel, the Blues &
R&B, to Rock & Roll, & Hip-Hop."
James Brown and Otis Redding both idolized him. Brown allegedly came up with the Famous Flames debut hit, "Please, Please, Please", after Richard had written the words on a napkin.
Redding started his professional career with Richard's band, The Upsetters, and first entered a talent show performing Richard's "Heeby Jeebies", winning for fifteen consecutive weeks.
Ike Turner claimed that most of Tina Turner's early vocal delivery was based on Richard, something Richard reiterated in the introduction to Turner's autobiography, Takin' Back My Name.
Bob Dylan first performed covers of Richard's songs on piano in high school with his rock and roll group, the Golden Chords; in 1959 when leaving school, he wrote in his yearbook under "Ambition": "to join Little Richard".
Jimi Hendrix was influenced in appearance (clothing and hairstyle/mustache) and sound by Richard. He was quoted in 1966 saying:
"I want to do with my guitar what
Little Richard does with his voice."
You might want to take it easy on the beer, honey....it would be a shame if I had to put you on a diet. 😘💖
I don't advise you to do this, but on a couple of occasions I have "confronted" people who heretofore have only known me "out-of-uniform", so to speak.
I will also state that I knew them well enough to not expect anything negative
But there are times when I just can't help myself :)
July Is Dog House Repair Month
Grandma wants her chihuahua to have the best doghouse in her neighborhood, but Carl the Carpenter advised her to go with a spacious house.
___________
This Dog House Repair Month, prepare to repair dog houses in backyards. Dogs look forward to being outside in the summertime - breathing fresh air and chasing after animals; and while dogs request that their owners give them the freedom to explore the great outdoors, they may not be as excited to hang out for long hours outside with dilapidated dog houses.
In winter, clumps of snow engulf dog houses; and by spring, those dog houses splinter off. While dog houses provide shade from the harmful UV-rays, they will do no good if they are are missing chunks of wood or are coming apart.
Building a DIY Dog House is easy and makes a great, unique gift for pets. The cost to build a no-frills dog house ranges from $50-$100 for building supplies including plywood and paint. Even better, these dog houses can easily fit inside a fenced-in area for dogs!
Here are a few tips to build your own dog house:
Size of dog house to build:
The door height opening should be no less than three fourths (3/4) of the dog's shoulder to ground measurement. Example: If dog's "A" measurement is 19 inches, the door opening needs to be at least 14 inches tall. As for the floor space, consider how much space your dog requires when sprawled on the carpeting. He or she will want at least that amount of ‘real estate’ to be comfortable.
Exterior of the dog house:
Consider how the design of the dog house would compliment the siding of the ‘human’s house’. If vinyl siding was used for the master’s house, why not use the same material to keep the visual plan simple? Otherwise a good weather-proof type siding should be used to prevent moisture from entering the interior.
Flooring for dog house:
The floor should sit far enough above ground to prevent flooding from heavy rain fall. The surface should be easy to clean from the outside. A scrap piece of linoleum can be cut to fit and secured by glue to make a smooth surface that will be easy to clean. After all, humans can’t climb into the dog house, although it is known that some husbands spend time in the doghouse!
Attractive roof for dog house:
Speaking of preventing rain fall, make sure the roof is strong and sturdy. Shingles are an inexpensive means for preventing leaking and are not difficult to install. They also block heavy wind gusts and will allow dogs to comfortably sit up in the dog house.
Venting for a dog house:
Like a small shed, heat can build up in hot weather. Odor can also become a problem. By installing a small vent in the gable of the building, air can circulate and keep the interior cooler and smelling less ‘doggy’.
Insulating your dog house:
To insulate the walls of a dog house, simply install rigid foam insulation in the wall cavities. Use either 1-1/2"-thick foam or glue up layers of 1" and 1/2" foam. Cut these to fit and then cover them with 1/4"-plywood. Plywood walls will prevent the animal from clawing or chewing on the insulation material.
Securing the dog house:
Make sure nails or construction screws are properly driven into the wood used to construct the dog house. If they stick out, they can cause injury to the animal.
Routine inspection:
Masters will know their animals’ habits and can take care of weekly or monthly maintenance of their dog houses. Regular cleaning is important for maintaining the dog’s overall health. Inspections of the interior will reveal if there are any infestations of insects or mold which should be cleaned. The exterior should also be inspected to make sure the building is solid and secure. Trimming weeds and other vegetation will allow the dog to run around the house, wear himself or herself out, then go inside and take a long nap!
20200709 191/366
Hot Air Ballooning Cappadocia:
A must do in Cappadocia is take a balloon ride in order to see the sights from a vantage point like no other. On this 1-hour flight at sunrise you will experience the changing colors and the unique landscapes that scatter the region.
Enjoy a unique hot air balloon flight over the fairy chimneys and rock cut churches. This exhilarating experience in Cappadocia is one of the best places around the world to fly with hot air balloons.
www.britannica.com/place/Cappadocia/media/94094/229210
CAPPADOCIA WORLD HERITAGE LIST :
www.whc.unesco.org/en/list/357
In a spectacular landscape, entirely sculpted by erosion, the Göreme valley and its surroundings contain rock-hewn sanctuaries that provide unique evidence of Byzantine art in the post-Iconoclastic period. Dwellings, troglodyte villages and underground towns – the remains of a traditional human habitat dating back to the 4th century – can also be seen there.
Brief synthesis
Located on the central Anatolia plateau within a volcanic landscape sculpted by erosion to form a succession of mountain ridges, valleys and pinnacles known as “fairy chimneys” or hoodoos, Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia cover the region between the cities of Nevşehir, Ürgüp and Avanos, the sites of Karain, Karlık, Yeşilöz, Soğanlı and the subterranean cities of Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu. The area is bounded on the south and east by ranges of extinct volcanoes with Erciyes Dağ (3916 m) at one end and Hasan Dağ (3253 m) at the other. The density of its rock-hewn cells, churches, troglodyte villages and subterranean cities within the rock formations make it one of the world's most striking and largest cave-dwelling complexes. Though interesting from a geological and ethnological point of view, the incomparable beauty of the decor of the Christian sanctuaries makes Cappadocia one of the leading examples of the post-iconoclastic Byzantine art period.
It is believed that the first signs of monastic activity in Cappadocia date back to the 4th century at which time small anchorite communities, acting on the teachings of Basileios the Great, Bishop of Kayseri, began inhabiting cells hewn in the rock. In later periods, in order to resist Arab invasions, they began banding together into troglodyte villages or subterranean towns such as Kaymakli or Derinkuyu which served as places of refuge.
Cappadocian monasticism was already well established in the iconoclastic period (725-842) as illustrated by the decoration of many sanctuaries which kept a strict minimum of symbols (most often sculpted or tempera painted crosses). However, after 842 many rupestral churches were dug in Cappadocia and richly decorated with brightly coloured figurative painting. Those in the Göreme Valley include Tokalı Kilise and El Nazar Kilise (10th century), St. Barbara Kilise and Saklı Kilise (11th century) and Elmalı Kilise and Karanlık Kilise (end of the 12th – beginning of the 13th century).
Criterion (i): Owing to their quality and density, the rupestral sanctuaries of Cappadocia constitute a unique artistic achievement offering irreplaceable testimony to the post-iconoclastic Byzantine art period.
Criterion (iii): The rupestral dwellings, villages, convents and churches retain the fossilized image of a province of the Byzantine Empire between the 4th century and the arrival of the Seljuk Turks (1071). Thus, they are the essential vestiges of a civilization which has disappeared.
Criterion (v): Cappadocia is an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement which has become vulnerable under the combined effects of natural erosion and, more recently, tourism.
Criterion (vii): In a spectacular landscape dramatically demonstrating erosional forces, the Göreme Valley and its surroundings provide a globally renowned and accessible display of hoodoo landforms and other erosional features, which are of great beauty, and which interact with the cultural elements of the landscape.
Integrity
Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia, having been extensively used and modified by man for centuries, is a landscape of harmony combining human interaction and settlement with dramatic natural landforms. There has been some earthquake damage to some of the cones and the pillars, but this is seen as a naturally occurring phenomenon. Overuse by tourists and some vandalism have been reported and some incompatible structures have been introduced.
The erosional processes that formed the distinctive conical rock structures will continue to create new fairy chimneys and rock pillars, however due to the rate of this process, the natural values of the property may still be threatened by unsustainable use. The cultural features, including rock-hewn churches and related cultural structures, mainly at risk of being undermined by erosion and other negative natural processes coupled with mass tourism and development pressures, can never be replaced. threats Some of the churches mentioned by early scholars such as C. Texier, H.G. Rott and Guillaume de Jerphanion are no longer extant.
Authenticity
The property meets the conditions of authenticity as its values and their attributes, including its historical setting, form, design, material and workmanship adequately reflect the cultural and natural values recognized in the inscription criteria.
Given the technical difficulties of building in this region, where it is a matter of hewing out structures within the natural rock, creating architecture by the removal of material rather than by putting it together to form the elements of a building, the underlying morphological structure and the difficulties inherent in the handling of the material inhibited the creative impulses of the builders. This conditioning of human effort by natural conditions persisted almost unchanged through successive periods and civilizations, influencing the cultural attitudes and technical skills of each succeeding generation.
Protection and management requirements
The World Heritage property Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia is subject to legal protection in accordance with both the Protection of Cultural and Natural Resources Act No. 2863 and the National Parks Act No. 2873. The entire territory between the cities of Nevşehir, Ürgüp and Avanos is designated as a National Park under the Act No. 2873. In addition, natural, archaeological, urban, and mixed archaeological and natural conservation areas, two underground towns, five troglodyte villages, and more than 200 individual rock-hewn churches, some of which contain numerous frescoes, have been entered into the register of immovable monuments and sites according to the Act No. 2863.
Legal protection, management and monitoring of the Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia fall within the scope of national and regional governmental administrations. The Nevşehir and Kayseri Regional Conservation Councils are responsible for keeping the register of monuments and sites, including carrying out all tasks related to the legal protection of monuments and listed buildings and the approval to carry out any restoration-related works. They also evaluate regional and conservation area plans prepared by the responsible national and/or local (i.e. municipal) authorities.
Studies for revision and updating of the existing land use and conservation plan (Göreme National Park Long-term Development Plan) of 1981 were completed in 2003. The major planning decisions proposed were that natural conservation areas are to be protected as they were declared in 1976. Minor adjustments in the peripheral areas of settlements and spatial developments of towns located in the natural conservation sites including Göreme, Ortahisar, Çavuşin, Ürgüp and Mustafapaşa will be strictly controlled. In other words, the Plan proposes to confine the physical growth of these towns to recently established zones. Hotel developments will take into account the set limits for room capacities. Furthermore, the plan also suggested that local authorities should be advised to review land use decisions for areas that have been reserved for tourism developments in the town plans.
Preparation of conservation area plans for the urban and/or mixed urban-archaeological conservation sites within the historic sections of Göreme are in place and provide zoning criteria and the rules and guidelines to be used in the maintenance and restoration of listed buildings and other buildings which are not registered, but which are located within the historic zones. Similar planning studies for the towns of Ortahisar and Uçhisar are in place. Once finalised, a conservation area plan for the urban conservation area in Ürgüp will be in place. All relevant plans are kept up to date on a continuing basis.
Appropriate facilities aimed at improving the understanding of the World Heritage property have been completed for the subterranean towns of Kaymaklı and Derinkuyu, and are required for Göreme and Paşabağı.
Monuments in danger due to erosion, including the El Nazar, Elmalı, and Meryemana (Virgin Mary) churches, have been listed as monuments requiring priority action. Specific measures for their protection, restoration and maintenance are required at the site level.
While conservation plans and protection measures are in place for individual sites, it is recognised by the principal parties responsible for site management that an integrated Regional Plan for the Cappadocia Cultural and Tourism Conservation and Development Area is required to protect the World Heritage values of the property. Adequate financial, political and technical support is also required to secure the management of the propert
www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/world-heritage/cappadocia/
Merry Xmas Everyone!
My first year on flickr and just want to thank all the people who have inspired, encouraged and advised me in my adventure into Urbexing and Photography. Thank you for taking the time to comment/favourite and make me feel like one of the Guys! But more than anyone I want to thank Mimue for all the cameras he's bought me - and I have dropped/broken/worn out! He is a patient , generous, warm and friendly man....why we have met so many interesting and lovely people who have become our friends.
Have a Wonderful Holiday!! Lots of Love Pixie Gobslong XXX
Building 3 (Robert H. McCabe Hall) at the Miami Dade College Wolfson Campus is the central hub for student services.
A wide range of student support departments are located in Building 3, including:
Admissions & Registration: Assists students with applying to and enrolling at the campus.
Advisement & Career Services: Provides students with essential academic advising.
Bursar's Office: Handles student finances and billing.
Financial Aid: Helps students navigate financial assistance options.
New Student Center: Specifically helps newly enrolling students with information and support.
International Student Services: Provides assistance to international students.
Dean of Students: An administrative office for student affairs.
Some academic support and departments are also housed within Building 3, such as:
Business Studies: The Business Studies department is based in Building 3.
Academic Affairs: The administrative office for academic oversight is located here.
Meeting and event space: Building 3 also features a 5th-floor terrace that can be rented for event
Credit for the data above is given to the following website:
www.google.com/search?q=how+to+change+the+dns+server+on+w...
© All Rights Reserved - you may not use this image in any form without my prior permission.
Here I am, gazing through vast amounts of technology which have transformed modern day living. Browsing through the aisles, I am quite excited to see how technology is rapidly changing and evolving. My task today is quite simple, having advised my friend of the value of having a fast-charging mobile phone adapter, I was summoned to a technology retailer to help select the item. Somehow, I find myself exploring fridge freezers with Food AI technology.
Note: this account contains adult themes. Reader discretion is advised!
I've been pretty forward about my fascination with the age-old "art" of pickpocketing. I have several items that pertain to the subject (which I'd be happy to share in photos for anyone interested), but there's something about this Happy Anniversary greeting card that I recently purchased that I could specifically identify with....
When I was first old enough to go out and drink socially, a group of co-workers and I gathered at a local bar on a random Friday evening for some bowling and dancing. Included in the group was our manager, an affable man named Bruce. At one point he got up to buy a round for us, his wife right beside him going to the bartender. After placing the order he reached for his wallet and pulled out a wad of cash, then put his billfold back in his right-side rear pocket, but leaving it partially sticking out. Paying the bill with some money left from the wad, Bruce's wife returned the remaining cash to his front pocket, then kept her hand nestled inside there in a playful manner.
Just afterward, a mutual friend of theirs approached from behind and greeted both of them with an embrace; I heard Bruce's wife call her Denise. As Bruce started collecting the drinks, Denise joked about his wife with her hand in his pocket. "Keep him distracted Cindy, he won't notice me do this." With a smooth motion, Denise nipped the corner of Bruce's wallet and slipped it out of his pocket, a triumphant smile on her face. The two women laughed with one another over the lift as Bruce walked over with the drinks, unaware that his pocket had just been picked. As Bruce passed out the liquor, Denise held up his wallet and asked, "You mind treating me to a drink too, honey?" Bruce gasped then laughed, shaking his head and stating, " I didn't even feel you take that! " as she returned the wallet to his pocket with a kiss on his cheek.
I had never met Denise before; she was a voluptuous, middle-aged beauty with salt and pepper hair and a very outgoing personality. She looked especially attractive in a blue silk blouse and black leather skirt. Her lift on Bruce caught my attention, and I found myself flirting with her every time I caught her eye. At one point she came up behind me, gently caressing my shoulders and leaned in. "How about a dance, handsome?" she asked with a whisper in my ear, a slow song playing in the background . I was more than happy to oblige.
As we placed our hands on each other, I complimented her on the playful lift she had done on Bruce. Denise laughed and replied, "Well, he made it easy for me; I did that more to warn him that his wallet was poking out precariously from his pocket. My husband has the same problem, always leaving his sticking out for someone to steal. I guess you could say I've had some practice at it." I chuckled at the last sentence, since her technique suggested that she'd done it before. "So if my wallet goes missing tonight, I'll know who the culprit is, right?" We both giggled at first, then she nestled in to my body and responded with, "Let me in close, and we'll see if I can get your wallet or not". As the music ceased, she asked if I could get her a drink and join her at a private table.
(It should be noted that her husband was in the vicinity during all of this. I found out through various conversations with others that Denise and her spouse were practicing an open marriage; he had his eye on a particular waitress that evening. And to confirm this, while Denise was in the restroom he came over to me, shook my hand and thanked me for keeping his wife company for the evening at one point!)
With the two of us already buzzed, we both accommodated a table away from the small gathering. I made a remark about how sexy she looked; that's all it took for her to sit on my lap, wrap her arms around my neck and start enthusiastically kissing me. She was fantastic, a sensual combination of pouty lips and vigorous tongue with the flavor of the drinks she'd had mixed in. Denise guided my hands under her silky top, and my fingers had the pleasure of being between the soft fabric and the smooth skin of her chest. She unbuttoned her blouse and firmly placed my head on her breasts, and I kissed and licked the insides of her cleavage. Denise moaned loud enough for us to become an item of attention in the lounge, but neither of us had our inhibitions at this point to care.
We spent what must have been half an hour together, locked in a passionate embrace. My hands explored more of her body, rubbing her back before descending into the back pockets of her skirt. I pulled her in even closer as her hand slipped inside my trousers, teasing the area of my groin with a graceful hand. She asked if I was ready to cum for her, and that she'd happily give me fellatio to help blow my load. I completely admit that I wanted it, told her I was ready. However, Bruce decided that this would be the moment to interrupt us...he sheepishly approached our table and timidly stated, "Guys, I hate to spoil this time for you, but people are starting to complain about your actions, and the bouncer might throw the two of you at any minute." While we were both upset by this, we reluctantly made ourselves presentable for our group once more. Raising myself up, I felt somewhat dizzy; the combination of the booze, sexual energy and sudden stop left me disoriented. Denise wrapped an arm around my waist and leaned into my side, asking if I was okay. I insisted I was, and she kissed my mouth, then told me not to go too far.
Getting back to the group, I was the target of several jokes, mostly about being Denise's new boy toy. I took it in stride; at that time I'd wondered what being with an older, experienced woman was like, and Denise had given me an answer that exceeded my wildest dreams. My best friend at the time, a good natured fellow named Mike, speculated that I'd gotten in good with her, and that a long-term relationship with Denise was possible. Even in my inebriated state, I wasn't believing that notion: we were two people enjoying a brief span of crazy lust for one another, nothing more. Denise was already using her natural talents of flirting to gain the eye of another man at the bar.
The rest of the evening was almost uneventful, mainly much storytelling and sharing work stories with others. I took that time to let the effects of the alcohol wear off. I glanced at Denise every so often, observing her socialize with others while theorizing in my head why she'd chosen me to have such an erotic make-out session with. My educated guess was that I was nothing more than a conquest for her, being much younger and greener on the ways of the world; perhaps she got a thrill from seducing someone like me.
As members of our party started to disperse for the evening, I told Mike I was leaving as well. Making my rounds of saying good-bye, Denise beckoned me towards her. Holding me in a sweet embrace, she gave me a now familiar wet kiss. Separating our lips, she then gleefully told me, "You can't leave without a certain something." At first I thought this was a hint at more amorous activity, even more so when she placed her mouth next to my ear. But then she uttered the words, "Check your back pocket", and in a quick instant I knew what she was implying.
Sure enough, my hand felt in my rear pocket to find it empty. Grinning from ear to ear, Denise turned her back towards me and pulled her blouse up. Tucked in her own back pocket was a wallet-shaped lump, and she wiggled her behind in a taunting fashion. Helping myself to my own billfold, Denise explained that she'd taken it when we left our private table....She had intentionally put her hand behind me and leaned her weight against my side as a distraction to sneak my wallet out. "I'm actually proud of that lift", she told me. "I had to work my fingers in your pocket to get it out. I'm surprised you didn't feel me take it!" I told her my dizziness at the time was the perfect distraction, and that she'd planned and executed the steal flawlessly. Giving each other a final kiss, I told her that I'd enjoyed her company, even the pickpocketing. She winked at me and responded that we should do this again....especially the pickpocketing!
Siguiendo con la investigación y los misterios en los carteles en los edificios de Salamanca, encontré este... "Los que dan consejos ciertos a los vivos son los muertos".
***** Bigger and better pressing [L] ******** ;-) *********** Más grande y mejor pulsando [L] *****
Following my investigation and the misteries on the signs in the buildings of Salamanca, I found this one... "Those who give true advises to the alive ones are the dead ones".
I got inspired to upload this photo and other photos that will follow to add to my Album "USA ..."
I would also like to mention that I am a curious person and I like to explore by the road "less travelled".
During my first visit to the USA in 1983 I always felt safe even when I visited Harlem, although a friend of mine from Rochester, NY had advised me to stay away from that area.
SIGN ADVISEING A DOG NOT TO DOGGY DOO OR IS IT NOT TO DROP IT'S LIT CIGAR BUT ON THE GRASS SEEN IN A LONDON STREET PARK ENGLAND
A man is clearly giving an advice to a woman on a park bench. The summer day is slowy turning to evening.
Span: Marrón del Pastizal.
Fuentes: www.ecoregistros.org/site/imagen.php?id=252117
Mariposas Bonaerenses, Gustavo R. Canals, Edición L.O.L.A. (Literature of Latin America), marzo 2000, página 296.
Engl: Celmis, a satyrid butterfly of Argentina.
Source: Mariposas Bonaerenses, Gustavo R. Canals, Edición L.O.L.A. (Literature of Latin America), march 2000, page 296.
Please advise if you know common name in english.
Victime d'atrocités ? Non... C'est plutôt une modèle maquillée par le spécialiste d'effets spéciaux Rémy Couture. Très habile le mec !
La supervision des parents est conseillée.
Victim of atrocities? No ... It is rather a model wearing makeup by the special effects specialist Remy Couture. The guy is very skilled!
Parental guidance is advised.
Press L to view in full screen.
Yosemite Winter Fine Art Landscapes! Sony A7RII yosemite National Park Winter Snow! Dr. Elliot McGucken Fine Art Landscape Photography! Ansel Adams Tribute!
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John Muir: "When I reached the [Yosemite] valley, all the rocks seemed talkative, and more lovable than ever. They are dear friends, and have warm blood gushing through their granite flesh; and I love them with a love intensified by long and close companionship. … I … bathed in the bright river, sauntered over the meadows, conversed with the domes, and played with the pines."
"Between every two pine trees there is a door leading to a new way of life."--John Muir
"I would advise sitting from morning till night under some willow bush on the river bank where there is a wide view. This will be "doing the valley" far more effectively than riding along trails in constant motion from point to point. The entire valley is made up of "points of interest." --John Muir on Yosemite!
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Had a great time waking up at 5 AM every day to shoot tunnel view and then driving around down in the valley to Half Dome, Bridalviel Falls, Cook's Meadow and the glorious Cook's Meadow elm tree, Sentinel Bridge, Valley View, Swinging Bridge, and more! Yosemite winters are made for black and whites, and Ansel Adam's ghost haunts the brilliant landscape scenery!
The most epic "Ansel Adams" view is tunnel view where one can see El Capitan, Bridalviel Falls, and Half Dome over magnificent trees, snow, rising fogs, and breaking mists. Enjoy!
Been busy traveling and shooting landscapes and working on my books The Golden Hero's Odyssey about the golden rectangle and divine proportion I use in a lot of my compositions! Also working on my physics book on Dynamic Dimensions Theory! The equation dx4/dt=ic is on a lot of the 45surf swimsuit and shirts and all! :)
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My fine art landscape lenses for the A7RII are the Sony 16-35mm Vario-Tessar T FE F4 ZA OSS E-Mount Lens and the Sony FE 24-240mm f/3.5-6.3 OSS Lens ! Love the Carl Zeiss and super sharp Sony Glass!
Winter fine art landscapes!
Epic Yosemite valley village winter snowstorm!
Yosemite Winter Fine Art Landscapes! Sony A7RII yosemite National Park Winter Snow! Dr. Elliot McGucken Fine Art Landscape Photography
This blend..collage thing is so not my cup of tea...but my neighbor really wants something like this! So...what do you think? This would be the front of a 16x24 canvas.
crop advised by mary claire.
whenever i upload, it makes me happy.
the weather + the SAT this saturday + a terrible weekend + the fact that i'm not getting my digital for 3 months = me not being a happy camper
taken with a disposable camera
This street view, which is probably a Mr. Brainwash copy of original Banksy art, has popped up in New York and other cities before. I think it was once found somewhere in the East Village.
Now these actual words of Albert Einstein greet park goers walking along the High Line at West 14th Street.
In an attempt to verify I came across "Einstein’s Last Answer." Well, it's food for thought.
Just wanted to share another shot from my trip before I go to sleep, and this one is quite special to me. This is again a shot taken in Brighton, some of you probably saw it before, if not I advise you to!
This kind of architecture is really unusual in england obviously, but still I like the idea of getting inspired by anything we could see in the world, and in another hand it's still here now, like a souvenir from Georges IV.
And this is what it's all about to me, leaving here a souvenir, something we wanted to share, and it's still important for us nowadays I think, to leave a mark from our trip on earth. It may sounds quite dark but in the contrary that's a really positive feeling I have about that :)
Again, have a great day, or good night! Xx