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Test train 1Q75 sits above the arches of Chancel Street, on a warm August Monday lunchtime, waiting for platform 4 at Blackfriars to become vacant. 73 962 'Dick Mabbutt' leads the four coach formation, with sister locomotive 73 961 'Alison' on the rear.

Spa Francorchamps 29/04/23

Supporting the mountain and back-country, these are the critters that can save your life!

 

On Facebook: goo.gl/A3I8ah

Added a Holga 135 to my collection today. Thank you Craigslist.

I was asked to take pictures on a funeral today. I did that once before. I think it is a very intimate thing to do but also very rewarding since you give people a nice memory of their last goodbye. I chose this picture from the funeral as my photoaday. For me a memory as well of the type of photos I took this year.

  

Join me at Stephen Candler Photography ¦ Google+ ¦ Facebook ¦ Twitter

 

Central support of the Iron Bridge, San Fernando, Spain

HX10BXC British Red Cross Fiat Trigano Tribute Fire & Emergency Support Vehicle based at Haywards Heath Fire Station.

 

To find out more about the British Red Cross Fire & Emergency Support Service and other UK Emergency Response click here:

www.redcross.org.uk/What-we-do/Emergency-response/UK-emer...

 

To Volunteer:

www.redcross.org.uk/Get-involved/Volunteer

Santa Clara County Fire Department responded to initial reports of smoke in the area of a building on Dell Ave in Campbell. Arriving units discovered debris on fire on the side of a building, with an impact to the building.

 

The incident was escalated to a full first alarm, and then a second alarm response. Damage to the inside of the building was limited by working sprinklers.

 

Breathing Support 2 is one of three idential rigs spread throughout departments in the County and carries a supply of breathing air bottles an the ability to recharge the bottles on scene. The rig also has two light towers on the roof, and provides both Air and Light. These rigs were built by KME in 2005 on Spartan Gladiator chassis.

IMAGE INFO

- Viewpoint is looking North.

- Our air conditioned, "dust free" electrical, instrument & radio maintenance trucks are at the left of pic [which we had driven all the way up from our base at Oakey, Queensland].

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SOURCE INFO

- Original image was captured during my Australian Army Aviation service as a Technician Electronics (AIR) with 171 Operational Support Squadron, while I was on leave, using a KODAK INSTAMATIC 100 35mm compact camera, with KODAK KODACHROME 126 format slide positive film.

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PROCESS INFO

- Re-digitized using a Canon Canoscan 8800F scanner @ 2400 DPI & 2400 x 2400 pixels.

- Restored from the badly scratched, faded & blue colour cast original slide quality, using Adobe Photoshop Creative Suite 8.0.

- Latest version re-processed using AI enlargement & enhancement software.

San Jose Fire Department responded to a late night fire in an apartment building on Bridgeport Court in December 2012. The two alarm blaze destroyed part of the complex and resulted in three fatalities. Approx 56 people were displaced by the blaze and were being assisted by the Red Cross.

 

Fire Associates of Santa Clara Valley responded Fire Support Unit 2 to the scene of the incident to provide Rehab support for the firefighters. FSU2 is a 2008 Ford F550 with a custom built body to support the Rehab functions on a fire ground.

 

To see the full set from this incident check out YourFireDepartment.org - Bridgeport IC

Drinking water arrives at Largs.

Considering new information about the real impact of the whole story with the stalkers and the band, we thought that for once, they really need a huge demonstration of love from their real fans.

We were here for them , when bill was sick... and along all things they went through this last 3 years and half.

Thats why we raised up a Fanaction, that we need to be global and international to show them our endless support and respect for their music and for the boys they are.

So here is the deal, i’m part of the French forum THSekunde (http://tokiohotelsekunde.forumandco.com/). We believe most of the Fanctions won’t be known by the band (unfortunately), or even by other fans worldwide. That’s why we decided to organize a BIG GLOBAL action for all the countries supporting Tokio Hotel, not only Tom, but all the band.

We want to do a big download day on the song « ich bin da » (or “by your side”, depends on your country). The aim is to make a huge buzz and to take the song on the top of the worldwide charts ! If it succeeds, the band, medias, people, and all fans will know it immediately : why a song available for 2 years (1 year in some countries) is suddendly #1 ? We choose “ich bin da” because of the lyrics. We want this action to be broadcast everywhere the same day.

We all know the atmosphere is extremely COLD between worldwide fans, it’is the biggest opportunity to change it and show everyone that we are united by music. As a return to the source. The download-day will be on May, 16th on iTunes.

Some of the staff from this forum will be back to explain you how iTunes works.

Thanks for helping us to support our boys.

The Official Fanclubs from Croatia, Switzerland, Estonia, Italy, France, and USA are already ok with the project. We're waiting for the others.

If you have any questions, thsekunde@hotmail.fr

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based historical facts. BEWARE!

 

Some background

The Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet is a light attack jet and advanced trainer aircraft co-manufactured by Dornier of Germany and Dassault-Breguet of France. In the early 1960s, European air forces began to consider their requirements for the coming decades. One of the results was the emergence of a new generation of jet trainers. The British and French began a collaboration on development of what was supposed to be a supersonic jet aircraft in two versions: trainer and light attack aircraft. The result of this collaboration, the SEPECAT Jaguar, proved to be an excellent aircraft, but its definition had changed in the interim, and the type emerged as a full-sized, nuclear-capable strike fighter, which two-seat variants were used for operational conversion to the type, not for the general training.

 

This left the original requirement unfulfilled and so the French began discussions with West Germany for collaboration. A joint specification was produced in 1968. The trainer was now subsonic, supersonic trainers having proven something of a dead end. A joint development and production agreement was signed in July 1969 which indicated that the two nations would buy 200 machines, each assembled in their own country.

 

The Luftwaffe decided to use the Alpha Jet mainly in the light strike role, preferring to continue flight training in the United States on American trainer types instead of performing training in cloudy and crowded Germany. The first production German Alpha Jet performed its maiden flight on 12 April 1978, with deliveries beginning in March 1979. This version was designated the Alpha Jet A (the "A" standing for Appui Tactique or "Tactical Strike") or Alpha Jet Close Support variant. The Luftwaffe obtained 175 machines up to 1983, with the type replacing the Fiat G91R/3. Manufacture of Alpha Jet subassemblies was divided between France and Germany, with plants in each country performing final assembly and checkout. The different avionics fit made French and German Alpha Jets easy to tell apart, with French machines featuring a rounded-off nose and German machines featuring a sharp, pointed nose.

 

Even though the Alpha Jet A was suitable in the ground attack role and had even been tested in aerial combat against helicopters in 1979, the German Luftwaffe decided in the mid-80ies that – facing the Cold War threat from the east – a more powerful but still economic plane for the close attack role, esp. against hardened ground targets and attack helicopters like the Mi-24 would be needed. Even though such "Alternate Close Support" versions of the Alpha Jet were available at that time, even though these were modified two-seaters. Such planes were bought by Cameroon and Egypt, but from the German Luftwaffe a specialized, more capable plane with a higher strike and survival potential was requested.

 

In 1986, Dornier developed a respective specialized version, called the Alpha Jet C (for "combat"). This plane was heavily modified, optimized for the ground attack role. It featured a new, single-seated nose section with an armoured cockpit in a much higher position than on the original two-seater. The Alpha jet C version's prominent, pointed nose quickly gave it among its test pilots the nickname "Nasenbär" (Coati).

The new space was used for avionics and an internal Oerlikon 35mm cannon – a variant of the same cannon used in the Gepard anti aircraft tank, firing armour piercing shells with a muzzle velocity of 1,440 m/s (4,700 ft/s) and a range of 5.500m. Avionics includecd SAGEM ULISS 81 INS, a Thomson-CSF VE-110 HUD, a TMV630 laser rangefinder in a modified nose and a TRT AHV 9 radio altimeter, with all avionics linked through a digital databus.

 

New wings were developed, with a thicker profile and less sweep, and non-jettisonable wing tip tanks as well as two more weapon hardpoints (for a total of six, plus one under the fuselage) added. The landing gear was reinforced for a higher TOW and operation on improvised runways. Fuselage and tail externally looked much the same as the original Alpha Jet A, but internally most structures were reinforced and technical modules placed in new positions.

 

The C version was from the start powered by two more powerful Larzac 04-C20 turbofans which would also be used in an update for the Luftwaffe’s Alpha Jet As. The hydraulic system was doubled, so that both engines could run separately, and kevlar and titanium armour plating added to vital areas around the lower hull.

 

The first prototype 98+52 made its maiden flight at Friedrichshafen on 1st of June 1988. It was officially allocated to the JaboG 43 in Oldenburg, but actually spent almost all the time at the Luftwaffe’s Waffentechnische Dienststelle (Flight test center) WTD 61 in Manching near Munich, where it underwent a thorough testing program. More than once the prototype was transferred to Beja, Portugal, for weapon tests and training, as well as direct comparison with the standard Alpha Jet A and other NATO planes. A second airframe was built in 1987 but only used for static tests, system integration and finally damage resilience tests, after which it was written off and scrapped.

 

While the Alpha Jet C showed high agility at low level and a high survival potential in a hostile battlefield environment, the prototype remained a one-off. In the end, the German Luftwaffe did not want to add another type to its arsenal, despite its similarity with the standard Alpha Jet. Export chances for such a specialized, yet light aircraft were considered as low, since modified Alpha Jet versions were already available and other planes like the AMX or BAe Hawk offered more versatility, and were simply more up to date.

Hence, further development was stopped in September 1989, also under the influence of political changes and the breakdown of the Eastern Block. Even though 98+52 was kept at Manching as a test aircraft for various tasks, the plane was eventually lost in a crash due to hydraulic failure on 3rd of March 1993 – the pilot escaped safely, but 98+52 totally written off.

  

General characteristics:

 

Crew: 1

Length: 12.60 m (41 ft 4 in)

Wingspan: 10.73 m (35 ft 2 1/2 in)

Height: 4.24 m (13 ft 11 in)

Wing area: 213.7 ft² (19.85 m²)

Airfoil: NACA 23015 (modified) at root, NACA 4412 (modified) at tip

Empty weight: 3.680 kg (8.105 lbs)

Loaded weight: 5.900 kg (13.000 lbs)

Max. takeoff weight: 8.200 kg (18.060 lbs)

Powerplant: 2 × SNECMA Turbomeca Larzac 04-C20 turbofans, 14,12 kN (3.176 lbs) each

 

Performance

Maximum speed: 860 km/h (465 knots, 536 mph)

Stall speed: 167 km/h (90 knots, 104 mph) (flaps and undercarriage down)

Combat radius: 610 km (329 nmi, 379 mi) lo-lo-lo profile, w. underwing weapons incl. two drop tanks

Ferry range: 2,940 km (1,586 nmi, 1,827 mi)

Service ceiling: 14,630 m (48,000 ft)

Rate of climb: 57 m/s (11,220 ft/min)

 

Armament

1× 35 mm (1.38 in) Oerlikon KDA cannon w/150 rds under the lower forward fuselage, offset to starport side.

Seven hardpoints (one under fuselage, three under each wing) for a total external load of up to 3.085 kg (6.800 lbs), including AGM-65 Maverick, Matra rocket pods with 18× SNEB 68 mm rockets each, a variety of bombs (such as the Hunting BL755 cluster bombs) or Drop tanks for extended range, and AIM-9 Sidewinder or ASRAAM for self-defence

  

The kit and its assembly

Yes, another whif, and a modern type, too. The idea came when I found a pair of vintage wings from a vintage Matchbox BAC Strikemaster in good shape and thought "Well, where could these fit...?" Being a fan of the Su-25 I considered building something similar from scratch und using these 30 year old parts.

The Alpha Jet has a basically similar layout, and the wings would match in size. Then, the "new" plane should become a dedicated single-seater, not simply a two-seater with a covered rear cockpit. Browsing through the kit stack I found a A-4F from Revell, and its nose section turned out to be an almost perfect fit for the Alpha Jet fuselage (the vintage Heller kit).

 

Fitting these parts together required some major surgery and putty work, but the result looks quite convincing. Other additions are a Matchbox pilot figure and some cockpit details, a nose cone from a Fiat G.91 R/3 as an integral laser rangefinder housing, the Strikemaster wings, a modified landing gear (main wheels from the Skyhawk, front wheel from an IAI Kfir) and the armament in the form of the gun, seven hardpoints and the mixed ordnance from the German Luftwaffe arsenal - everything collected from the junkyard.

 

Painting

While German Luftwaffe machines can look rather boring, various camouflage trials have been conducted during the 80ies and 90ies for the F-4F, Alpha Jet and Tornado fleet. Esp. Phantom IIs saw extensive experiments for air superiority and ground attack paint schemes - and these schemes carried inofficial names like "Milchkuh" (Dairy Cow), "Polizeimühle" (Police Jalopy) or "Disco Bomber".

The whiffy Alpha Jet was a nice opportunity to incorporate one of these experimental schemes, and I settled for something which was applied to F-4F '37+07' and inofficially dubbed "Wolkenmaus" (Cloud Mouse). The Alpha Jet is a good subject, since its stepped side structure with engine nacelles and its spine tunnel is similar to the Phantom II, so that the cammo concept could be easily copied.

 

Anyway, the authentic "Wolkenmaus" colours are supposed to be (and what I used on the kit)...

 

On the upper sides:

● RAL 6014 Gelboliv (~FS 34087; Olive Drab, Testors 1711)

● RAL 7012 Basaltgrau (~FS 36152; Humbrol 27)

● RAL 9005 Tiefschwarz, even though I rather believe it to be RAL 7021 Schwarzgrau (darker than FS 36081; Humbrol 182)

 

Flanks::

● Mix of 2/3 RAL 7035 Lichtgrau + 1/3 RAL 7000 Fehgrau (~FS36473; Aircraft Grey, Testors 1731)

 

Undersides:

● Mix of 5/6 RAL 7035 Lichtgrau + 1/6 RAL 7000 Fehgrau (~RLM 63; Lichtgrau, Testors 2077)

 

The tones are just approximations, since I did not want to get original tones just for one project. Hey, it's just a model kit!

 

The landing gear and its wells were painted in aluminum, the respective covers' inside with Humbrol 81 (Olive Yellow) in a primer finish for some contrast. Cockpit interior as well as the air intakes were kept in in Light Gull Grey (FS 36640, Humbrol 129). The complex paint scheme was applied, as per usual, by brush and hand. The kit received a light black ink wash and some dry painting with lighter tones - the model was not supposed to look dirty, only a bit used.

 

Decals were scrapped together. JaboG 43 emblems and warning signs were taken from the original Heller decal sheet. The national insignia were taken from a Revell PAH-2 kit, the registration '98+52' was puzzled together with single digits from an aftermarket decal sheet from TL Modellbau. AFAIK, '98+52' has not been used yet by the Luftwaffe, which designates its test aircraft in the 98+XX and 99+XX range. A "true" and active Alpha Jet would have received a 40+XX or 41+XX.

 

Finally, everything was sealed under a water-based/acryllic matte coat - the Testors colours proved to be very touchy to the Humbrol varnish I normally use.

  

In the end, I achieved what I wanted, even though not truly perfect. But the kit looks like an 'analogue' Su-25, and actually the whiffy Alpha Jet C reminds much of the pre-Su-25 concepts: the SPB and subsequent LSSh/T-8 attack aircraft?

a Rohingya refugee working hard in camp to support his family .

 

Rohingys refugee struggling to survive in Rohingya Camp.

 

Over 900,000 Rohingya who were forced from their homes are still languishing in refugee camps in Bangladesh.

 

A dream doesn't become reality through magic; it takes sweat, determination and hard work. -Colin Powell

   

coyote point park - san mateo, california

It breaks my heart that the little ol' abandoned house this was taken in is being renovated into a retirement village :(

Written off for spar parts

Owner: European Support Center Genk

Homebase: Genk Zwartberg EBZW

Caught this "Operational Support Unit" towing a vehicle in St. Peter Port, not really sure why

This was a special cookie, and I worked very hard to come up with a UNIQUE design for them. They were ordered by a wife for her husband who is finishing his third tour of duty in Iraq. This was for their anniversary. I didn't ask a lot of questions, but their "thing" is sheep. So this is my sheep with an army twist. Camo background, dog tags, and a heart from his wife.

 

I made an exception to my ABSOLUTELY NO SHIPPING rule. I packed them for her, and her best friend agreed to ship them. I am very glad it worked out so well. Now lets pray they make it to Iraq safely and in a timely manner!

If you have a PC problem, and you know where to find him. Maybe you can call... PC Support Man.

 

Running low on FDF ideas... so I've had to delve into my own past here.

U.S. Army Soldiers conduct marksmanship training during cultural support training.The U.S. Army Special Operations Command's cultural support program prepares all-female Soldier teams to serve as enablers supporting Army special operations- combat forces in and around secured objective areas. The Cultural Support Assessment and Selection program is conducted by the U.S Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School at Fort Bragg, N.C. and is five days of physical, mental and intellectual evaluations designed to determine a candidate's ability to maintain her composure, apply logic, communicate clearly and solve problems in demanding environments. During this time, candidates are expected to skillfully manage simultaneous tasks and comprehend ambiguous instructions while working under varying degrees of uncertainty with little feedback. The program is as much a mental test as it is a physical test. The desired outcome of Assessment and Selection is a candidate pool of female Soldiers who are eager to serve with an Army special - operations unit. Their primary task is to engage female populations in objective areas when such contact may be deemed culturally inappropriate if performed by a male service member. The program is conducted at Camp Mackall, in Hofman N.C. If selected, candidates are invited back to Fort Bragg as Cultural Support training students. The training period is between four and six weeks and focuses on cross-cultural communication skills. Students are also trained to negotiate, mediate, communicate through an interpreter and engage with local leaders in a deployed environment. (U.S.Army photo by SSG. Russell Lee Klika JFKSWCSPAO).Released.

Megabus were quick to react to the cancellation of train services.

 

54046 is duplicated on the M9 service by Simpson's Coaches R3 JNK which was spare between Shell shuttles.

 

The Bova was new to Hopes, Leigh on Sea as R980 GUB. Later reregistered 827 APT, R980 GUB and to R3 JNK passing to Simpson's in the last year.

Installazione "Support"di Lorenzo Quinn a Ca Sagredo Venezia

Ehasz Giacalone Architects P. C., of Farmingdale, NY, designed the two-story Research Support Building, which features a glass atrium-style lobby connecting two wings of offices covered by a metal panel facade. The Science Laboratory Infrastructure Program of the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science funded the total cost of the $12.6 million building.

 

The Research Support Building tops New York State requirements for energy efficiency by 15 percent, and the structure is considered "green," or environmentally friendly, based on the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design, also known as LEED, rating system.

My beloved late wife @ Liverpool Pier Head doing her bit for the RNLI, as usual.

It's hard to see, but he has a power drill in his right hand

Master Corporal Giguere, Traffic Technician, participates in the final aircraft palette loading for the Jamaican Defence Force Basic Air Movement Operation Course during their incremental tasking at Operational Support Hub - Latin America and Caribbean in Kingston, Jamaica on February 28th, 2023.

 

Photo by: Sailor First Class Alexandra Proulx, Visual Communications Support, Assistant Deputy Minister (Public Affairs)

~

Le caporal-chef Giguère, technicien des mouvements, participe au chargement final de palettes dans un aéronef dans le cadre du cours de base sur les opérations des mouvements aériens de la Force de défense de la Jamaïque pendant une affectation supplémentaire au Carrefour de soutien opérationnel de l’Amérique latine et des Caraïbes à Kingston, en Jamaïque, le 28 février 2023.

 

Photo : Matelot de 1re classe Alexandra Proulx, Soutien des communications visuelles, Sous-ministre adjoint (Affaires publiques)

  

Operational Contract Support Joint Exercise 2016 provides training across the spectrum of OCS readiness from requirements and development of warfighter staff integration and synchronization through contract execution supporting the Joint Force Commander. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Jonathan Snyder/Released)

 

At the Fourmile Creek mitigation site, newly established plants are being cared for to promote a more natural environment in these wetlands.

While a support tender can carry a lot of H2O, a wildland tactical fire tender must conform to NFPA standards, such as:

 

1.Stability: All wildland apparatus must pass a 30° stability test.

 

2. Roadability: Vehicles must be capable of operating on 20% grades and remain stationary on a 10% grade.

 

3. Carrying Capacity: Must adhere to GVWR limits.

 

4, Pump-And-Roll: Vehicles must be capable of delivering 20 GPM at 80 psi while moving at a speed of 2 mph.

 

Also referred to as a water truck, and often as a tanker by various agencies in different regions of the US.

 

Whatever you do, if you call for a tanker on the left coast, you might get an airplane by mistake.

 

Boley Dept. 1-87

2003 GMC Topkick 3-Axle

Wildland Fire Tender

US Department of Agriculture

Forest Service

 

Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark II

Olympus M.14-42mm F3.5-5.6 II R

 

For more info about the dioramas, check out the FAQ: 1stPix FAQ

The Belle 12'' doll standing, supported by a Kaiser stand. She is wearing her pink winter outfit, with her cape off. Her ponytail was a bit messy after taking it out of the hood of the cape, so I combed it to make it as neat as I could. It was curly, and off center. There was a nice pink bow in her hair above the ponytail. The pink and red dress was covered in glitter, which did shed. The half length sleeves had large ruffled cuffs. Belle looks dainty in her pink dress without the cape and hood. I also left out the bluebird in these poses.

 

Detailed photos of the dolls in the Beauty and the Beast Deluxe Doll Set, deboxed. They include the 1/6 scale Beast, Belle and Gaston dolls, and the Philippe plush. Beast and Belle are in their winter outfits. I show Beast and Belle both with and without their capes. The bluebird figurine is included with Belle when she has her cape on. Beast is not that stable free standing, so I support him with a Kaiser stand for these photos.

 

I just got the Beauty and the Beast Deluxe Doll Set ($79.95) from my local Disney Store (on Thursday June 30, 2016). The accessory figures look really detailed and well done. In fact, I like Chip better in this set than the one with the new Classic Belle doll. Also the bluebird looks nicer than the one with the new Classic Snow White. Belle and Beast are in their winter outfits. Belle also has her blue peasant outfit and her yellow ball gown. Beast also has his formal outfit. Philippe is way too small, but is a very cute plush. I like this set way better than the ones for Aladdin or Sleeping Beauty.

Healthcare Support Worker Nicola White found herself stressed, worried, anxious and tired, and particularly worried about the impact on her family. “Many of my colleagues will have dealt with many awful things during this time and I know it will have affected many peoples mental health.”

 

Nicola is one of 67 NHS staff I photographed across George Eliot Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic first wave.

 

"Humans of the Pandemic" features portraits and thoughts from many roles incl. doctors, domestics, maternity, mortuary, nurses, pathology, pharmacy, physio, and surgery – to name a few.

 

See the full project gallery at www.matthewthompson.co.uk/humans-of-the-pandemic

 

Which is your favourite photo? Please share to give these amazing people some recognition for their incredible work.

Defensive midfielder Rumi Utsugi, participating in her third Women's World Cup representing Japan, drinks some water during a break in the action in a game versus Cameroon.

 

Olympus PEN Mini E-PM2 with M. Zuiko 45mm f/1.8

Photographed by ©Sara Al.bawardy.

 

ما هو سرطان الثدي؟

هو السرطان الأكثر حدوثاً عند المرأة حيث يشكل حوالي ربع السرطانات عند النساء و أسبابه غير المعروفة بدقة و لكن هناك عوامل تزيد من خطورة إصابة المرأة بسرطان الثدي و هي بالتفصيل :

 

أ‌. عوامل وراثية : فوجود حالة مماثلة في العائلة لسرطان الثدي يزيد احتمال الإصابة .

 

ب‌. بدء الدورات الطمثية بشكل مبكر.

 

ت‌. سن يأس متأخر و تقل نسب حدوث سرطان الثدي عند حدوث سن اليأس بوقت طبيعي .

 

ث‌. التأخر في الإنجاب لأول مرة إلى بعد عمر الثلاثين أو عدم الإنجاب .

 

ج‌. الطعام الغني بالدسم قد يزيد من احتمال الإصابة . استعمال الإستروجين لمدة طويلة خاصة بعد التشخيص الشعاعي أو الأشعة الكهرومغناطيسية التي تنتج عن خطوط الكهرباء ذات التوتر العالي .

 

ح‌. الإصابة بالداء السكري الليفي أو سرطان ثدي آخر أو سرطان مبيض يزيد من احتمال الإصابة .

 

خ‌. العمر: سرطان الثدي نادر قبل سن العشرين ويتزايد مع تقدم السن .

 

د‌. قد يكون للإرضاع والرياضة دور في الوقاية من الداء .

 

الظواهر التي يسببها الورم:

 

1- أول ما يشير الداء له هو ظهور كتلة في الثدي تكتشفه المريضة بنفسها وعادةً تكون الكتلة غير مؤلمة .

 

2- سيلان دموي أو مصلي من الحلمة .

 

3- إنكماش في الجلد ويصبح فوق الورم يشبه قشر البرتقال .

 

4- تضخم الغدد الليمفاوية (العقد) وخاصة تحت الإبط.

 

الانتقالات المتوقعة للورم:

 

العقد (الغدد الليمفاوية) الإبطية

 

عقد (الغدد الليمفاوية) الثدي الداخلية

 

عقد (الغدد الليمفاوية) فوق الترقوية

 

الرئتين _الكبد_ العظم _الكظر _المبيض_ الدماغ

 

الإنذار :

 

يتعلق الإنذار المتوقع بعدة عوامل تتعلق بمرحلة الورم وعمر المريضة ومكان توضع الورم ولكن العامل الأهم في الإنذار هو إصابة العقد الإبطية (الغدد الليمفاوية) أو عدم إصابتها ,وبشكل عام فقد تحسن إنذار سرطان الثدي كثيراً في السنوات الأخيرة والعامل الحاسم في تحسن الإنذار هو الكشف المبكر عن الآفة والذي يتم خاصة من خلال فحص الثدي الذاتي الذي يجب أن تقوم به المرأة بنفسها مع العلم أن الورم حتى يصبح قابلاً للجس يجب أن يمر على بدأ تشكله عدة سنوات قد تصل حتى 5 سنوات .

 

سرطان الثدي والحمل:

 

قد يكتشف سرطان الثدي في العديد من الحالات أثناء الحمل ولا يختلف إنذار الداء عن ما يحدث بدون الحمل وينبغي قبل البدء بالعلاج تحديد الانتقالات فإذا لم توجد فتعامل المريضة كغيرها من المريضات الغير حوامل ,أما المصابات بانتقالات بعيدة وكان العلاج المختار هو المعالجة الكيماوية فينبغي إجهاض المريضات لما يسببه العلاج الكيماوي من تشوهات على الجنين أما الجراحة فيمكن إجراؤها أثناء الحمل , ولا يوجد دليل يمنع المرأة المصابة بسرطان ثدي والمعالجة جيداً من الحمل مستقبلاً بعد التأكد من عدم حدوث انتكاس لديهن .

 

العـلاج :

 

أ‌- الجراحة : يلجأ لها في المراحل الأولى بقصد الشفاء وفي المراحل الأخيرة لتلطيف الأعراض .

 

ب‌- العلاج الشعاعي : يستخدم خاصة بعد العمل الجراحي لتقليل احتمال الانتكاس.

 

ت‌- العلاج الكيماوي: يستخدم في الحالات المتقدمة والتي تترافق مع انتقالات ,أو بعد الاستئصال الجراحي حيث ثبت أنه يقلل من احتمال الانتكاس و الانتقال .

 

ث‌- العلاج الهرموني : يستخدم عند بعض الحالات لتجنب استئصال المبيضين أو الكظرين في الحالات التي تتطلب استئصالهما .

 

ج‌- يوجد عمليات إعادة تصنيع للثدي بعد استئصاله: وهي عمليات تجميلية فائدتها معنوية وجمالية

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