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Canadian Light Source (CLS).Building a University..This Centennial series of feature stories and photographs is designed to inspire readers to look around, beyond Collegiate Gothic, to the wide range of architectural styles on campus. With the help of University architect Colin Tennant, planner Colin Hartl, and architectural design co-ordinator Andrew Wallace, On Campus News writer Silas Polkinghorne examines the history, design and construction of the buildings on this remarkable campus...Photo Liam Richards
Indiana Dunes State Park
Date: 1947
Source Type: Postcard
Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Curt Teich (#7B-H76, #S-1026)
Postmark: July 30, 1954, Chesterton, Indiana
Collection: Steven R. Shook
Remark: Beach scene.
Copyright 2009. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.
Rafael Mariano Grossi, IAEA Director-General, met with Co-Presidents of the International Conference on Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources at the Agency headquarters in Vienna, Austria. 24 June 2022
Co-Presidents:
Ms.Nathalie Semblat, Deputy Director General and Senior Program Manager for Nuclear and Radiological Security in Global Affairs Canada's Weapons Threat Reduction Program
Mr. Luis Pedro Huerta Torchio, Executive Director and Head of the Division of Research and Nuclear Applications of the Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission
Photo Credit: Dean Calma / IAEA
Source: Digital image.
Set: WIL02.
Date: 1950s.
Repository: From the collection of Trevor Wilkins.
Used by his very kind permission.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City
New York City (NYC), often called the City of New York or simply New York (NY), is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2018 population of 8,398,748 distributed over about 302.6 square miles (784 km2), New York is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the U.S. state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass. With almost 20 million people in its metropolitan statistical area and approximately 23 million in its combined statistical area, it is one of the world's most populous megacities. New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, significantly influencing commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, art, fashion, and sports. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.
Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City is composed of five boroughs, each of which is a county of the State of New York. The five boroughs—Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898. The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. New York is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States, the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world as of 2016. As of 2019, the New York metropolitan area is estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of $2.0 trillion. If greater New York City were a sovereign state, it would have the 12th highest GDP in the world. New York is home to the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world.
New York City traces its origins to a trading post founded by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624 on Lower Manhattan; the post was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. New York was the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790, and has been the largest U.S. city since 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the U.S. by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the U.S. and its ideals of liberty and peace. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship and environmental sustainability, and as a symbol of freedom and cultural diversity. In 2019, New York was voted the greatest city in the world per a survey of over 30,000 people from 48 cities worldwide, citing its cultural diversity.
Many districts and landmarks in New York City are well known, including three of the world's ten most visited tourist attractions in 2013. A record 62.8 million tourists visited New York City in 2017. Times Square is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway Theater District, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, and a major center of the world's entertainment industry. Many of the city's landmarks, skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattan's real estate market is among the most expensive in the world. New York is home to the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, with multiple distinct Chinatowns across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service and contributing to the nickname The City that Never Sleeps, the New York City Subway is the largest single-operator rapid transit system worldwide, with 472 rail stations. The city has over 120 colleges and universities, including Columbia University, New York University, Rockefeller University, and the City University of New York system, which is the largest urban public university system in the United States. Manhattan is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, namely the New York Stock Exchange, located on Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, and NASDAQ, headquartered in Midtown Manhattan.
Source: Scan of an original photograph.
Set: BUR01.
Date: 13th March 1982.
Photographer: © 1982 Mr J. Burnett
Repository: From the collection of Mr Burnett.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Join ITS Tactical as we take an in-depth look at Source Hydration systems and London Bridge Trading Insulated Hydration Pouches. Check out ITS Tactical for a full written review and detailed photos! itstac.tc/qPDUP5
OurDailyChallenge Energy
Our Sun, the ultimate source of energy here on planet Earth!
I used a circular polarizer to reduce the amount of light coming through the lens but no other filters to get the sun ray effect. I was pleasantly surprised to see the results and must do some more experimenting to see if I can repeat this consistently.
Colorized by Artificial Intelligence Algorithm Tool from originally scanned hi-res photo from the respective source.
Credit disclaimer: I do not own the original scanned image and believe that it is in the public domain. These images have been collected from Flickr search results. If you know the link to the original image, please kindly put it into comment section as I will update the description to give full credit to the respective owner.
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www.youtube.com/channel/UC8JtcV_EejccsUNXSK_ejcw Springs of Eden
Source: Digital image.
Set: SHE01.
Date: November 5th 2009.
Photographer: © 2009 Mr D. Sheppard.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Histoire : La source Lardy, du nom de son inventeur, fut exploitée à partir de 1848, peu après sa découverte (1844). Les pavillons primitifs étaient de petits édifices en bois recouverts de chaume. Le pavillon actuel a été édifié en 1900. Edifice en bois de plan rectangulaire, terminé au nord par trois pans. L'ensemble repose sur treize piliers de bois. A l'intérieur, un mur clôt les sources et supporte une verrières à petits bois. L'ensemble a un plan en U. Intérieurement et extérieurement, le mur est recouvert de carreaux de faïences aux couleurs bleu, jaune, vert et or. A l'intérieur, deux parties sont délimitées par une différence de niveau, matérialisée par un escalier et une grille en fer forgé. Dans chacune d'elles, un bassin circulaire contenait la source, recouvert de carreaux de faïence de même couleur que les murs extérieurs. La source du fond était protégée par une cloche de verre. A son aplomb a été élevé un dôme hexagonal, couvert en écailles et terminé par un lanternon. Ce pavillon est, à Vichy, l'un des derniers vestiges de ces constructions en bois, architecture de jardin dans la tradition des fabriques.
Précisions : Source Lardy avec le hall qui la couvre (cad. AT 18) : inscription par arrêté du 8 février 1986
Adresse : 111 rue du Maréchal-Lyautey
Type : Monuments historiques
Epoque : 1er quart 20e siècle
Année de construction : 1900
Eléments protégés : fontaine ; vestibule ; source
The Open Source community has many influential and important people. Yet some individuals tend to hold a bigger megaphone than the rest of us. Some of these people are well recognized while others exist in open source niches. But collectively they’re all the most vocal, followed and re-posted open source commentators in the community today. These are people you need to know.
It is the first ornamental public fountain in Madrid from which water flowed from the Lozoya River. The wall fountain, made of stone and brick, was the artistic face attached to the side wall of the First Reservoir of the Canal de Isabel II (former Campo de Guardias), designed to bring water to Madrid. It is almost hidden behind a fence inside the Canal de Isabel II facilities, on Calle de Bravo Murillo, 49.
The Canal de Isabel II, which guaranteed Madrid the supply of water from the Lozoya River, was designed in 1848 by the engineers Juan de Ribera and Juan Rafo, following a commission from the Minister of Instruction and Public Works, Juan Bravo Murillo. It took about 10 years to build, and on June 24, 1858 it was inaugurated by Queen Elizabeth II in style, on Calle Ancha de San Bernardo.
THE FOUNTAIN
It is a sculptural ensemble conceived in the image of the classic triumphal arch. Made of granite stone with brick panels, with a central apse in which the main figure is housed, it is a monumental personification of the Lozoya River (a slender male figure of a young man who steps on a vessel seated on a set of rocks), carved by the Madrid sculptor Sabino de Medina Peñas; flanked on the left by another limestone sculpture, an allegory of Agriculture, by the Compostela sculptor Andrés Rodríguez, and on the right by another of Industry, by Madrid-born José Pagniucci Zúmel.
The pylon is made of limestone and has a semicircular geometry, with a straight profile towards the inside and a curved silhouette towards the outside. It has a depth of 70 centimeters, and a diameter of about 10 meters. The main fountain springs from the jar at the foot of the central figure, and cascades down the rocks carved in the style of European Baroque fountains.
MADRID AND THE WATER
In the first half of the 19th century, Madrid had some 200,000 inhabitants, and very few enjoyed water in their homes. The rest took water from one of the 54 sources scattered around the city. Inseparable from the pumps lived the water carriers, who at that time numbered about 920, dedicated themselves to the itinerant sale of water, which they transported to the cisterns of the houses. The guild had reserved a number of fountains in the city for their use.
At that time, the fountains in Madrid were classified as: neighborhood fountains (for the neighbors), neighborhood fountains (at least one spout exclusively for the neighbors and the rest was reserved for the water carriers), water carrier fountains, flying fountains (whose use could vary according to needs) and ornamental fountains.
LOZOYA RIVER SOURCE
Neoclassical wall fountain
Year 1858
C/ Bravo Murillo, 49
Vallehermoso neighborhood
Architect: Juan de Ribera Piferrer
Construction Engineer: Juan Rafo
Sculptors: Sabino de Medina Peñas, Andrés Rodríguez and José Pagniucci Zúmel
Source: UNESCO. 2009. Climate Change and Arctic Sustainable Development: scientific, social, cultural and educational challenges.
UNESCO: Paris, 376 pp unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001863/186364e.pdf
Source: Scan of an original photograph.
Set: TER01.
Date: 1930?
Repository: From the collection of Mrs G Terry.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: Scan of an OS RP photograph.
Grid: SU1485.
Date: March 1953.
Copyright: OS.
Used here by very kind permission.
Repository: Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: Scan of GWR Staff Magazine.
Ref: Vol.XXIII (No.12) : December 1911, p.328.
Copyright: GWR - BRWR - Crown.
Repository: Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
Source: Scan of an original photograph.
Set: ENS01.
Date: 1980s.
Photographer: © Mr J. Ensten.
Repository: From the collection of Mr J. Ensten.
Local Studies at Swindon Central Library.
The view from outside the OpenPlans penthouse.
The first open(source).athon was held by Hacks/Hackers NYC and drew more than 40 attendees, with a couple out-of-towners from Chicago and Florida.
The day-long event, held at the OpenPlans penthouse and sponsored by the Google's Open Source Programs Office, involved gathering coders and writers to collaborate on open-sourcing code projects.
Read more:
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago
Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois, and the third-most-populous city in the United States. With an estimated population of 2,705,994 (2018), it is also the most populous city in the Midwestern United States. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County, the second-most-populous county in the US, with a small portion of the northwest side of the city extending into DuPage County near O'Hare Airport. Chicago is the principal city of the Chicago metropolitan area, often referred to as Chicagoland. At nearly 10 million people, the metropolitan area is the third most populous in the United States.
Located on the shores of freshwater Lake Michigan, Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837 near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed and grew rapidly in the mid-19th century. After the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, which destroyed several square miles and left more than 100,000 homeless, the city made a concerted effort to rebuild. The construction boom accelerated population growth throughout the following decades, and by 1900, less than 30 years after the great fire, Chicago was the fifth-largest city in the world. Chicago made noted contributions to urban planning and zoning standards, including new construction styles (including the Chicago School of architecture), the development of the City Beautiful Movement, and the steel-framed skyscraper.
Chicago is an international hub for finance, culture, commerce, industry, education, technology, telecommunications, and transportation. It is the site of the creation of the first standardized futures contracts, issued by the Chicago Board of Trade, which today is the largest and most diverse derivatives market in the world, generating 20% of all volume in commodities and financial futures alone. Depending on the particular year, the city's O'Hare International Airport is routinely ranked as the world's fifth or sixth busiest airport according to tracked data by the Airports Council International. The region also has the largest number of federal highways and is the nation's railroad hub. Chicago was listed as an alpha global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and it ranked seventh in the entire world in the 2017 Global Cities Index. The Chicago area has one of the highest gross domestic products (GDP) in the world, generating $689 billion in 2018. In addition, the city has one of the world's most diversified and balanced economies, with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. Chicago is home to several Fortune 500 companies, including Allstate, Boeing, Caterpillar, Exelon, Kraft Heinz, McDonald's, Mondelez International, Sears, United Airlines Holdings, and Walgreens.
Chicago's 58 million domestic and international visitors in 2018 made it the second most visited city in the nation, as compared with New York City's 65 million visitors in 2018. The city was ranked first in the 2018 Time Out City Life Index, a global quality of life survey of 15,000 people in 32 cities. Landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, the Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis (Sears) Tower, Grant Park, the Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicago's culture includes the visual arts, literature, film, theatre, comedy (especially improvisational comedy), food, and music, particularly jazz, blues, soul, hip-hop, gospel, and electronic dance music including house music. Of the area's many colleges and universities, the University of Chicago, Northwestern University, and the University of Illinois at Chicago are classified as "highest research" doctoral universities. Chicago has professional sports teams in each of the major professional leagues, including two Major League Baseball teams.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Park
Lincoln Park is a 1,208-acre (489-hectare) park situated along Lake Michigan on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. Named after US President Abraham Lincoln, it is the city's largest public park and stretches for seven miles (11 km) from Grand Avenue (500 N) on the south to near Ardmore Avenue (5800 N) on the north, just north of the Lake Shore Drive terminus at Hollywood Avenue. Several museums and a zoo are located between North Avenue (1600 N) and Diversey Parkway (2800 N) in the eponymous neighborhood. Further to the north, the park is characterized by parkland, beaches, recreational areas, nature reserves, and harbors. To the south, there is a more narrow strip of beaches east of Lake Shore Drive, almost to downtown. With 20 million visitors per year, Lincoln Park is the second-most-visited city park in the United States, behind Central Park.
The park's recreational facilities include baseball/softball fields, basketball courts, beach volleyball courts, cricket pitches, football/soccer fields, a golf course, lacrosse fields, rugby pitches, tennis courts, volleyball courts, field houses, a target archery field, a skate park, and a driving range.
The park also features several harbors with boating facilities, as well as public beaches for swimming. There are landscaped gardens, public art, bird refuges, a zoo, the Lincoln Park Conservatory, the Chicago History Museum, the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum, the Alfred Caldwell Lily Pool, and a theater on the lake with regular outdoor performances held during the summer.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Park_Zoo
Lincoln Park Zoo is a 35-acre (14 ha) zoo in Lincoln Park, Chicago, Illinois. The zoo was founded in 1868, making it one of the oldest zoos in North America. It is also one of a few free admission zoos in the United States. The zoo is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA).
Lincoln Park Zoo is home to a wide variety of animals. The zoo's exhibits include big cats, polar bears, penguins, gorillas, reptiles, monkeys, and other species totaling about 1,100 animals from some 200 species. Also located in Lincoln Park Zoo is a burr oak tree which dates to 1830, three years before the town of Chicago was incorporated.
Source: Barclay, Geo. Lippard (George Lippard). Life, adventures, strange career and assassination of Col. James Fisk, Jr.: the Fisk-Stokes tragedy; all about Miss Mansfield ... those rich, rare, and racy letters ... ; and many oddities now for the first time made public (Cleveland, OH: Great Western Pub. Co., [1872]); 24 cm. Call # TrialsB St67B.
McDade, T.M. Murder 919.
Porter County Infirmary, Valparaiso, Ind.
Date: 1908
Source Type: Postcard
Publisher, Printer, Photographer: Elmer E. Starr (#61394)
Postmark: August 18, 1908, Valparaiso, Indiana
Collection: Steven R. Shook
Remark: During the mid-nineteenth century, a movement was taking place in the United States and Western Europe recognizing the plight of the poor, indigent, and mentally unstable citizens. In the United States, many counties established what were often referred to as poor houses, poor farms, infirmaries, and asylums. Generally, mentally unstable individuals were also housed at these county-established residences, though most states also erected state mental institutions to house those citizens of the state that were deemed to be more problematic for the counties to handle and maintain in an adequate state of care.
The genesis of Porter County’s “Poor Farm” took place on June 7, 1855, when the Porter County Commissioners approved the purchase of 80 acres from William C. Pennock for the sum of $3,000. This land comprised the east one-half of the southwest quarter of Section 26 in Center Township. Pennock became the first superintendent of the Porter County Poor Farm, accommodating the poor in the home already located on the newly purchased property.
On September 1, 1856, a new dwelling constructed by George C. Buel was opened on the poor farm property to house the poor. This structure was had a footprint of 32 x 45 feet and cost the county $2,482, being paid with a combination of cash and county-issued bond revenue. Residents were, for the most part, self-sufficient. Shelter and meals were provided to the residents in exchange for labor in farming and upkeep of the property.
An adjacent 80 acres directly east of the Porter County Poor Farm was purchased by the county for $3,200 in March 1866 to expand the farm to 160 acres. The farm was expanded again on June 16, 1875, when the county purchased all that part of the northeast quarter of Section 35 in Center Township which was lying north and east of Salt Creek and south of a line drawn parallel with the north line of the quarter for $1,200. On June 9, 1876, yet another purchase took place to expand the farm when the county purchased southeast quarter of the southwest quarter of Section 27 in Center Township for $1,200.
The home seen in this image was the third and final home to be located on the Porter County Poor Farm. Designed by local architect Charles F. Lembke, ground was broken for this $25,000 structure soon after the sale of county-issued bonds on August 7, 1905; construction was completed in 1906. Shortly after this building was completed, a barn was erected on the property at a cost of $4,000.
At some point in time before the construction of this building, the Porter County Poor Farm was being more often referred to as the Porter County Asylum. This suggests that the county was transitioning from housing the poor and indigent to include individuals with real and perceived mental deficiencies and what were considered, at that time, socially undesirable characteristics. As reported in early twentieth century county newspapers, the institutionalized included the truly insane, such sociopaths, psychopaths, and the delusional, as well as the poor and indigent, unemployed (bums and hobos), epileptics, adulterers, prostitutes and loose women, homosexuals, alcoholics, and drug addicts. Oftentimes, the Porter County Asylum served as a temporary housing solution before an individual was committed to the Porter County Jail, Indiana State Prison, or one of the state-operated mental institutions. As evident by the writing on this postcard, the name of institution had evolved into the Porter County Infirmary by 1907.
On November 11, 2005, this structure was heavily damaged by an arsonist using kerosene as an accelerant. The extent of the damage was so severe that it was decided to raze the building, which took place during late February and early March 2006.
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The following news item appeared in the August 14, 1903, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Porter County Business.
At the last meeting of the council the board of county commissioners asked for an appropriation for the erection of a new county asylum. The council passed a resolution instructing the commissioners to procure plans for such a building as was needed, and fall information as to what was expected. At the meeting held Friday [August 7, 1903], the board had present Mr. Butler, secretary of the Indiana state board of charities, who brought with him the plans of several asylums built in various parts of this state. He had examined the county asylum, and severely condemned it. He showed the plans of the Adams county asylum, which cost about $30,000 to construct. It was equipped with a hospital and insane quarters, as well as separate quarters for the sexes. Its capacity was about 40 inmates. Another plan was submitted with a capacity of about 18 inmates which would cost about three-quarters as much as the larger one. Mr. Butler imparted a great deal of valuable information to the commissioners and the council, and advised that a committee be selected to visit some of the new and modern asylums of the state. The commissioners asked for an appropriation to cover the expenses of such a committee to the amount of $125, but the council thought $60 would be sufficient for the purpose and granted this sum. The committee selected are: C. W. Benton, Frank Quick, H. Bornholt, Hail Bates and A. J. Bowser. This committee will start on its trip Friday of this week, and expects to make a report at the September meeting of the county council.
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The following news item appeared in the August 21, 1903, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Chesterton Chips.
The committee selected by the county council to make an investigation of various county asylums in this state, and report on the needs of this county for accommodations for its poor, left on its mission last Friday morning. The committee consisted of the three county commissioners, Bornholt, Quick and Benton, and Bowser and Bates, of the county council. They visited the asylums of Marshall, Kosciusko and Adams counties. This committee has a vast amount of work yet to do collecting information to be obtained in this county, and as soon as this is ready a report will be made to the council, probably at a special session. As the editor of the Tribune is a member of this committee, and the report is not yet made, it would be improper for us to say anything at this time. We can say, however, that after the report is made and presented to the council, it will be published in full in all the papers of the county that desire to do so, so that the people of the county will know all about the matter. The committee hops to present a plan whereby a suitable county asylum can be built without increasing taxation or issuing bonds, and after it is built, will be self-sustaining. Some idea of the magnitude of the work will be obtained from the above simple statement. How this can be done is the work the committee will be engaged upon for several days.
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The following news item appeared in the September 11, 1903, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
COUNTY BUSINESS
County Commissioner Benton appeared before the council and reported the result of his committee investigation on the poor house matter. He said that a suitable building with the necessary barns and outbuildings could be built for about $35,000. The opinion of his committee was that the present poor farm was not suitable for the erection of such buildings. He accompanied his report with a map showing the farm, with its swamps and bad lands, and said that the committee would be in favor of waiting a year, and even three or four years before building, rather than build under present conditions. It was the sense of all the council and the board of commissioners that it would not be wise to build on the present poor farm, and the next step in the problem was whether it would be wise to try to run the poor farm on an extensive scale, and depend upon hired help to make the investment pay. Despite the claims of numerous county superintendents, poor farms were not self-sustaining, and the extra cost of management at up the profits of the farm. Not counting the interest on the money invested in a farm and buildings, the best that could be figured out was a deficiency of four or five thousand dollars per year. This amount was created by superintendent's salary, hired help, fuel, insurance, repairs and incidental expenses. The question arose whether it would not be better financiering to get away from the old fashioned idea of farming, which might have been all right in the early days, and take the interest money on the land investment and buy what was needed for the inmates. Prof. Kinsey crystalized this idea into a resolution which he offered, and which was unanimously passed, and which reads as follows:
"Resolved that is is the sentiment of the Porter County Council that it would be to the best interest of the county to sell the whole county farm holdings, and purchase a suitable site of not more than 40 acres, as being the more efficient and economical way of caring for the county's poor, and that the undertaking of extensive farming in connection with the county poor is unprofitable and expensive, and that the county commissioners are hereby instructed to look up suitable sites and prices and report to this body.
"Resolved, That Bates and Bowser, the same committee heretofore appointed to visit county farms, etc., with the three commissioners, continue with the Board of Commissioners in the investigation of sites and prices."
The effect of this resolution will be that until a suitable site can be found at a reasonable price, and some prospect of selling the present poor farm presents itself, there will be nothing doing in the poor house line. The council and commissioners are determined to proceed slowly and with caution in this matter, so that when the work is completed it will be satisfactory to the taxpayers, and of benefit to the inmates.
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The following news item appeared in the September 9, 1904, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
Council Meeting.
The sum of $25,000 was appropriated for the erection of suitable buildings for the county asylum, the month to be raised by the sale of bonds payable in ten yearly installments of $2,500 each, with interest at 4 per cent. A levy of two cents on the one hundred dollars will meet the bonds and interest. The following resolution was passed, which explains itself.
Resolved, That there be appropriated by the Porter County Council the sum of $25,000 for the purpose of building a house and heating plant, plumbing and drainage for said building on the Porter county infirmary grounds and lands for housing the indigent poor of Porter county, to include all necessary expenses connected with such improvement, and that the Board of Commissioners of Porter county, Indiana, by proper proceedings, issue bonds for $25,000 for that purpose, as required by law, to be sold at not less than par, but that the said sum of $25,000 must not be exceeded in any event, either in bonds or in money in the expenditures for that purpose, and that the interest on said bonds must not exceed four per cent per annum on the par value of the bonds, interest payable semi-annually, and that said bonds are to run ten years in a series of ten equal payments, beginning one year after the date of issue, one-tenth thereof payable each year during such period. Said bonds not to be sold until after a contract has been let to a responsible bidder, who has given sufficient surety for the faithful performance of his contract, and whose bid shall not exceed the amount appropriated in this resolution.
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The following news item appeared in the January 12, 1905, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
County Business.
Architect Lembke submitted drawings for the proposed new county asylum to the board. These had been drawn on suggestions offered by Commissioner Benton, and show a building 123x95, with three floors, basement, first floor and second floor. The building is to be constructed of brick, trimmed with cement block, with tile roof. It is to be heated by steam, and has nineteen rooms for inmates, eight rooms for the superintendent, besides rooms for laundry, furnace, kitchens, closets, bath rooms and six cells for insane. The plans arrange for a division of the sexes, and provide light and ventilation very amply. The height of the rooms are as follows: basement, nine feet; first floor 10 feet; second floor nine feet. The site contemplated is north and east of the present asylum buildings. The board have taken the plans under consideration, and will act on them at the first meeting in February.
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The following news item appeared in the January 26, 1905, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
CHESTERTON ITEMS.
John F. Wing, of the firm of Wing & Mahurin, architects, Fort Wayne, heard that Porter county contemplated building a new county asylum, and he came to Valparaiso last Saturday to meet the commissioners, and lay before them a plan in the hopes of getting the job. The commissioners had looked at a plan submitted by architect Lambky [Lembke] and had decided to act on the matter at the February meeting. Since Wing has appeared on the scene and has furnished the Board with a lot of useful information, it looks now as though no hasty action would be taken in the matter. The Fort Wayne firm has built public buildings all over the state, and both Quick and Bates agreed that the plans he submitted Saturday were superior in every way to those the Valparaiso man laid before them. This plan calls for accommodations for fifty inmates, with all of the latest improvements in ventilation, hospital quarters, insane wars, etc. It has revealed the fact that no harm can be done to invite architects from all over to come and submit plans, and from the information gathered it will be possible for this county to have a good asylum. The man who furnishes the plans and superintends the work should have no connection with the concern that takes the contract. The TRIBUNE sincerely hopes that this building will be built without friction or even the suspicion of jobbery, and we believe it will. It is well enough to watch, however.
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The following news item appeared in the October 5, 1905, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
LOCAL NEWS OF THE WEEK
The board of county commissioners went out to the county farm last Monday for dinner. Auditor Corboy and The Tribune man were taken along by Superintendent Henry to see how the new county asylum building was getting on. The work is progressing very satisfactorily, and looks as though it was being well done. The walls are up for the basement and first story, and it is expected that it will be ready for enclosure before winter sets in. It will be at least a year before the building will be ready for occupancy, and if the inmates can be quartered in the new building by this time next year, they will be lucky. Mr. Henry says he does not like the arrangement of the basement, and especially the way provided for the storage cellars on account of the inconvenience of getting to them. Mrs. Henry is worrying about the location and capacity of the cisterns, and unless it is conveniently placed it will mean much work for her. It is proposed to use the old building now used to house the superintendent and inmates for crop storage purposes, leaving them where they are, for a while at least. The poor farm crops are fine this year, and the stock is a credit to the management. Henry and his wife have worked wonders for the county in their management of the county farm, and they are entitled to credit. It will be hard to winter the inmates in their present quarters unless some repairs are made. Cracks almost big enough to throw a cat through are quite plenty and while there will be plenty of fresh air, just how the poor folks can be kept warm is the problem. Mrs. Freeland, who was taken to the asylum a few weeks ago, died recently. Her husband is here, but very feeble. Westchester's delegation seems to be getting on all right, and in fact they all seem to be comfortable. Mr. Henry has managed to get considerable work out of some of the inmates this year, giving each one something he can do. The cripples were stripping seed corn and making it ready for drying, others able to get around were cutting corn, and still others were doing the housework in the inmates' quarters. There is a class who come to the county farm that Mr. Henry wished would go elsewhere. They are those afflicted with loathsome diseases, and lousy. He has no facilities for cleansing them or doctoring them. Representatives of this class are beginning to arrive, and although Henry says he has never yet refused an applicant admittance, he does not know what he will be compelled to do if township trustees continue sending him men like the one he recently received. This individual was a living pest, so loathsome that it was almost impossible to touch him. Caring for the county poor is no snap.
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The following news item appeared in the June 7, 1906, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
County Business
Nothing doing about accepting the County Asylum building. The contractor has finished the job, and is ready to turn the building over to the county. County Superintendent Henry is very much dissatisfied with the building, and it will not be surprising if he does not resign. Under present conditions it will be utterly impossible to keep the building warm. Commissioner Anderson visited the building Monday and made a careful inspection of the work. The ceilings are made of corrugated iron nailed to the joice [sic]. The fittings are imperfect, and Mr. Anderson will object very strongly to accepting that part of the work. He says the joice [sic] should have been stripped, and the iron nailed to the strips, and the joints tooled to place. The window sill, both wood and stone have been laid in flat, and the bottoms of the window frames are perfectly flat, the result being that every time it rains water floods the rooms. In all buildings properly constructed these sills and window frames are slanted outward, so that the water will run away from the building. The county has paid all of the contract price but $1,000, and it is a serious question whether this amount will put the building in a habitable condition. The superintendent of construction is criticized severely for permitting so much poor work to be done on the building. There is no kick on the quality of material. Mr. Anderson says that the brick and lumber in the structure is very good, but the manner in which the walls are laid in the partitions, and especially in conspicuous places, and the botch manner in which joints are made is what gets him. It is very unfortunate that this conditions [sic] exists. It seems that is is utterly impossible for Porter county to get a good piece of public work done any more.
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The following news item appeared in the June 28, 1906, issue of The Chesterton Tribune:
THE POOR HOUSE TROUBLE.
One View of It and Suggestions as to the Cause.
Patched Plans the Primary Reason of the Building's Unsatisfactory Condition.
Porter county's new asylum is just now furnishing the people of Porter county with material to talk about. The building for these wards of the county has been built, and next Monday the board of county commissioners will be asked to accept it from the contractor. It is admitted that this building is unsatisfactory, and an effort is being made to find someone upon whom to fix the blame.
Right on the start, I want to say that I do not for a moment believe that the board of county commissioners or any member of that body has done a single act from an unworthy motive. I believe that a blunder has been made which is the primary cause of all the dissatisfaction now existing. That blunder consisted in the board of county commissioners attempting to build a thirty thousand dollar building for $25,000.
The county council passed a resolution enabling the board of commissioners to build a building at a cost not to exceed $25,000. complete, and provided the money with which to do this. This resolution fully protected the taxpayers of the county against putting any more money into the building. The county council felt that this much money was ample to house a population of eighteen or twenty paupers, and do it well, if the money was judiciously expended. This far the council could go, but no farther. The providing of plans and the construction of the building was in the hands of the county commissioners.
We said a blunder was made. We also believe that Mr. Benton made this blunder. We do not believe that the mistake was made from a bad motive. Mr. Benton championed the cause of "home" talent, and went out of his way to give the people of Porter county any business Porter county had. He had employed Mr. Lembke to build himself a fine home, and Lembke did this work in a manner especially pleasing to Mr. Benton. He wanted Lembke to have the erection of the county asylum. He fully believed Lembke competent to draw the plans and do the work in a manner creditable to the county and to the board. He trusted Lembke.
Now for Lembke. This man is supposed to be a competent architect. I do not believe him to be dishonest. Neither do I believe him to be incompetent. In his zeal to give the county a fine building he forgot expense, and drew plans which could not be executed for less than $30,000. The writer had experts go over these plans and figure the cost before they were offered to the public, and was told that they could not be carried out for less than $28,500 net, without a contractor's profit. Bidders submitted estimates, and none were lower than $30,000, a fair figure. The contract could not be let. The county council was solicited to make an additional appropriation. The commissioners were told to cause plans to be made that could be carried out for the appropriation made in the resolution. Instead of doing this, they undertook to patch the plans of the $30,000 building. There [sic; this] is where the colossal blunder was made. This patching choked the life out of the original plan, and gives us the nondescript building now causing such general criticism.
The architect had pledged himself to furnish Porter county with plans that would give the county farm a building for $25,000 complete, and when he failed to do this, he should have done one of two things, withdraw from the work or prepare new pans. The board erred it agreed to accept patched plans.
The contract was let under the patched plans and specification. Conditions arose which compelled the Commissioners to ask for Mr. Lembke's resignation. He was paid for his plans, and received something like $800 for them. When he was let out, his responsibility ceased. A new man, Henry Lembster was called to complete the work. He was given the plans and specifications, and he says they have been carried out, and that the building has been built according to them. He says he followed the specifications to the letter. He is the county's accredited agent, and the county is responsible for his acts. I do not believe that there are many people in this county who will say that Henry Lembster is either incompetent or dishonest. I have found fault with the building. I pointed out the fact that the windows were set in flat, instead of being bevelled [sic], and that in consequence every time it rained, the rooms were flooded with water. Since then I have seen the specifications and working plans, and I find that the plans compelled the superintendent to have these windows placed just as they are in the building. I find many paragraphs in the specifications ambiguous and difficult to interpret the meaning of. I have questioned the contractor, Mr. Foster, and he says that he left the construction of the building entirely in the hands of the County's representative, and that he has done, is doing, and will do anything the superintendent orders him to do. He says that some of the work is defective, and that he is causing it to be replaced. He talks very reasonable.
It would seem to me, in view of the conditions for some one disinterested, say the judge of the circuit court, to appoint a competent committee, whose work shall be to investigate the whole matter, and place whatever blame there is upon the right shoulders. I do not believe that any person lacking the expert knowledge, or who has not gone thoroughly into all of the facts, can be just in this matter at this time. I have an opinion. It may be right, and it may be wrong. But after it is all said and done, I doubt very much if there is anything to be done now, further than to do the best we can, and make good the defects. The County Commissioners is a judicial body, without bond, and cannot be held legally responsible for any mistake it may make. The plans were bought and paid for, and accepted by Porter County. If these plans were faulty, there is no recourse. All that can be done is to hold the contractor to his contract, and if he has not lived up to the plans and specification, compel him to. The sole judge of this matter is Henry Lembster.
Sources:
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; August 14, 1903; Volume 20, Number 19, Page 1, Columns 5-6. Column titled "Porter County Business."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; August 21, 1903; Volume 20, Number 20, Page 5, Column 5. Column titled "Chesterton Chips."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; September 11, 1903; Volume 20, Number 23, Page 1, Columns 6-7. Column titled "County Business."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; September 9, 1904; Volume 21, Number 23, Page 1, Column 7. Column titled "Council Meeting."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; January 12, 1905; Volume 21, Number 41, Page 6, Column 1. Column titled "County Business."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; January 26, 1905; Volume 21, Number 43, Page 1, Column 7. Column titled "Chesterton Items."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; October 5, 1905; Volume 22, Number 27, Page 5, Column 6. Column titled "Local News of the Week."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; June 7, 1907; Volume 23, Number 10, Page 1, Column 4. Column titled "County Business."
The Chesterton Tribune, Chesterton, Porter County, Indiana; June 28, 1907; Volume 23, Number 13, Page 1, Columns 3-4. Column titled "The Poor House Trouble."
Copyright 2009. Some rights reserved. The associated text may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Steven R. Shook.
Source: livinghistories.newcastle.edu.au/nodes/view/11982
This image was scanned from a negative in the Bert Lovett collection. It is part of the Norm Barney Photographic Collection, held by Cultural Collections at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
This image can be used for study and personal research purposes. If you wish to reproduce this image for any other purpose you must obtain permission by contacting the University of Newcastle's Cultural Collections.
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Source: livinghistories.newcastle.edu.au/nodes/view/10123
This image was scanned from a negative in the Bert Lovett collection. It is part of the Norm Barney Photographic Collection, held by Cultural Collections at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
This image can be used for study and personal research purposes. If you wish to reproduce this image for any other purpose you must obtain permission by contacting the University of Newcastle's Cultural Collections.
If you have any information about this photograph, please contact us or leave a comment in the box below.
Source: livinghistories.newcastle.edu.au/nodes/view/35488
This image was scanned from a postcard in an album belonging to Francis Richard (Frank) Moore (1878-1964), whose family was based at Bishop's Bridge near Maitland, New South Wales at the time the postcard was sent. Mr Moore was a teacher who taught in schools in northern NSW and in Sydney. The postcards were collected at the turn of the twentieth century.
After Mr Moore's death, the album passed to his sister, Eliza Jane Keily, née Moore (1890-1968). The image is published here with permission of the family.
If you wish to reproduce the image, please acknowledge the Collection and the University of Newcastle Library.
Please contact us or leave a comment if you have any information about the image.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis
St. Louis is an independent city and inland port in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is situated along the western bank of the Mississippi River, which marks Missouri's border with Illinois. The Missouri River merges with the Mississippi River just north of the city. These two rivers combined form the fourth longest river system in the world. The city had an estimated 2017 population of 308,626 and is the cultural and economic center of the St. Louis metropolitan area (home to nearly 3,000,000 people), which is the largest metropolitan area in Missouri, the second-largest in Illinois (after Chicago), and the 22nd-largest in the United States.
Before European settlement, the area was a regional center of Native American Mississippian culture. The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Laclède and Auguste Chouteau, and named after Louis IX of France. In 1764, following France's defeat in the Seven Years' War, the area was ceded to Spain and retroceded back to France in 1800. In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase. During the 19th century, St. Louis became a major port on the Mississippi River; at the time of the 1870 Census it was the fourth-largest city in the country. It separated from St. Louis County in 1877, becoming an independent city and limiting its own political boundaries. In 1904, it hosted the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the Summer Olympics.
The economy of metropolitan St. Louis relies on service, manufacturing, trade, transportation of goods, and tourism. Its metro area is home to major corporations, including Anheuser-Busch, Express Scripts, Centene, Boeing Defense, Emerson, Energizer, Panera, Enterprise, Peabody Energy, Ameren, Post Holdings, Monsanto, Edward Jones, Go Jet, Purina and Sigma-Aldrich. Nine of the ten Fortune 500 companies based in Missouri are located within the St. Louis metropolitan area. The city has also become known for its growing medical, pharmaceutical, and research presence due to institutions such as Washington University in St. Louis and Barnes-Jewish Hospital. St. Louis has two professional sports teams: the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball and the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League. One of the city's iconic sights is the 630-foot (192 m) tall Gateway Arch in the downtown area.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateway_Arch
The Gateway Arch is a 630-foot (192 m) monument in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Clad in stainless steel and built in the form of a weighted catenary arch, it is the world's tallest arch, the tallest man-made monument in the Western Hemisphere, and Missouri's tallest accessible building. Built as a monument to the westward expansion of the United States, and officially dedicated to "the American people," the Arch, commonly referred to as "The Gateway to the West" is the centerpiece of Gateway Arch National Park and has become an internationally recognized symbol of St. Louis, as well as a popular tourist destination.
The Arch was designed by Finnish-American architect Eero Saarinen in 1947; construction began on February 12, 1963 and was completed on October 28, 1965 at an overall cost of $13 million (equivalent to $80.6 million in 2018). The monument opened to the public on June 10, 1967. It is located at the site of St. Louis's founding on the west bank of the Mississippi River.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Missouri) "ميزوري" "密苏里州" "मिसौरी" "ミズーリ" "미주리" "Миссури"
(St. Louis) "سانت لويس" "圣路易斯" "संत लुई" "セントルイス" "세인트루이스" "святой Луи"
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas
Las Vegas, colloquially referred to as Vegas, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Nevada and the seat of Clark County. The Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area is the largest within the greater Mojave Desert, and second-largest in the Southwestern United States. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife, with most venues centered on downtown Las Vegas and more to the Las Vegas Strip just outside city limits. The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had 641,903 residents in 2020, with a metropolitan population of 2,227,053, making it the 25th-most populous city in the United States.
The city bills itself as the Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its luxurious and extremely large casino-hotels. With over 40.8 million visitors annually as of 2023, Las Vegas is one of the most visited cities in the United States. It is a top-three U.S. destination for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world. Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations. The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment has earned it the nickname "Sin City", and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, commercials and music videos.
Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911. At the close of the 20th century, it was the most populated North American city founded within that century (a similar distinction was earned by Chicago in the 19th century). Population growth has accelerated since the 1960s and into the 21st century, and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled, increasing by 85.2%. As with most major metropolitan areas, the name of the primary city ("Las Vegas" in this case) is often used to describe areas beyond official city limits. In the case of Las Vegas, this especially applies to the areas on and near the Strip, which are actually in the unincorporated communities of Paradise and Winchester.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Nevada) "نيفادا" "内华达州" "नेवादा" "ネバダ" "네바다" "Невада"
(Las Vegas) "لاس فيغاس" "拉斯维加斯" "लास वेगास" "ラスベガス" "라스베이거스" "Лас-Вегас"