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Three different models of the Bewi Electra with shutterspeeds and aperture numbers according to the Leica cameras, 1933-1939, Germany
Rangefinder Kiev 4 (KNEB subtype 2a)
sn# 5922914 with Jupiter-8M (ЮПИТЕР-8M) f/2 50mm sn #5930926
manufactured in 1959 by the Arsenal factory in Kiev (Ukraine)
The selenium light meter still works and is quite accurate!
Contax copy, made in 1959
Subtype 2a rarity: 3 out of 5
© Dirk HR Spennemann 2011, All Rights Reserved
Selenium oxidizes readily when heated on steel loop and the vapor burns in contact with aerated butane flame with a bright blue flame, turning brighter and more purplish with stronger heating, forming acidic fumes of selenium dioxide. Selenium does not continue to burn when the gas flame is removed.
Selenium from Colorado, USA. (public display, Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology Mineral Museum, Butte, Montana, USA)
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 4900 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates.
Elements are fundamental substances of matter - matter that is composed of the same types of atoms. At present, 118 elements are known (four of them are still unnamed). Of these, 98 occur naturally on Earth (hydrogen to californium). Most of these occur in rocks & minerals, although some occur in very small, trace amounts. Only some elements occur in their native elemental state as minerals.
To find a native element in nature, it must be relatively non-reactive and there must be some concentration process. Metallic, semimetallic (metalloid), and nonmetallic elements are known in their native state.
Kallitype
Selenium-Toned on Arches Platine
Sodium Citrate Developer
5x5 Contact Print from Digital Negative
This started life as a horizontal shot, but by croppping out some distracting detail each side, I ended up with a photo that focuses on the couple.
I processed it in Lightroom to give a Selenium tone which seemed to me to compliment the mood.
Mansfield Holiday II pose mètre sélénium Lentille Cinepar 13mm f/1.8
Téléphoto Aux. Lens Gruenex
Raydex wide angle Aux. Deux filtres. Film 8mm Année 1959
Scanned papercopy
Nikon F3
Nikkor 180mm f/2.8 ED Ais
Hp5+
D76 1+1
------------
Kentmere Fineprint 18X24 Glossy
Focomat V35 with Focotar 50mm f/2,8
Exposed for 4 at f/11 (no filter)
Developed for 90s in Ilford Mg developer
Toned in Selenium 1+10 for 1.5 min (?)
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Selenium butterfly
With identical exposure and development and toning with selenium and gold, highlight details are better but in comparison with the previous one the luminosity has decreased significantly.
Adox Variotone in Eco4812 and alkaline fixer (no wash required before selenium toning)
MT1 Selenium 1+10 3 mins > wash 15 mins
MT10 Gold 4 mins > final wash 15 -20 mins
At this stage not all silver is toned, therefore it would be possible to lighten the image by a short weak bleach followed by fixing (or Farmer´s reducer). After fixing the print will come out much brighter with an intensive blue tone. Instead bleach&fix a toning of the remaining silver with a weak iron toner is an option to change colour and luminosity.
Reference FIle: FLA-160806-ND800E-517-BW_selenium
Infrared Underwater Photography
©2016 Fernando Lopez Arbarello - All Rights Reserved
Fine Art Photography by Fernando Lopez Arbarello
I couldn't possibly avoid owning the lovely little Trip. An excellent little camera, with four focus zones and a coupled selenium exposure meter making it quick and easy to use. Over four million were made between 1967 and 1984, and mine is one of the latter ones being made in March 1982.
As Murray Walker once said "It's raining and the track is wet" - It's raining today and the shed is wet, as would I be if I'd left the house. I have a man cold, as such, I wish to just mooch around feeling glum, for a change.
To brighten the day my father found some mid 20th century exposure meters, these are Selenium powered and as such require no batteries, hoorah. This Hanimex PR-45 works from 25 to 400 ASA(ISO) and was made in Japan.
Warning affixed to a power supply cabinet inside one of the Nike Hercules launch and guidance control vans.
Obsolete today, selenium rectifiers were commonly used in military and civilian electronic equipment during the service life of the Nike Hercules system. While they were more reliable than vacuum tube rectifiers, this warning is a testament to the hazards they could pose when they did fail.
Nike Hercules Site SF-88L, the only restored Nike Hercules launch site in the United States. It is located within the Golden Gate National Recreation Area in Marin County, California, north of San Francisco.
Nike Missile Site SF-88L (National Park Service):
www.nps.gov/goga/nike-missile-site.htm
Golden Gate National Recreation Area
(National Park Service)
MIM-14 Nike Hercules (Wikipedia):
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIM-14_Nike_Hercules
"The Last Missile Site: An Operational and Physical History of Nike Site SF-88, Fort Barry, California"
by Stephen A. Haller and John A. Martini: www.holeintheheadpress.com/last_missile_site.html
"Winged Victory: The History of the Nike Missile Training Program At Fort Bliss" by William A. Dodge, Ph.D. and Timothy L. Sawyer, Ph.D.
Camera used was a Pentax K100D DSLR, lens used was a vintage, manual focus, MC, Cosina 55mm 1.2 in K Mount.
Shot in RAW, converted in Apple Aperture, then reworked in Adobe Photoshop. All work done on a MAC.
Re-print of another old picture. Ilford MG IV FB, Kodak Dektol, selenium. Two masks and some additional burn-ins with a card. Negative on Kentmere 400, Nikon F801 & 24 mm.
Boost up your profile by learning Selenium from TheCreatingExperts. Experts from various Corporates provide training with real time scenarios.
Contact : 8122241286
From a study of the pollutants in the Los Angeles River. Each Page documents the 43 pollutants in the river. Each pollutant has its entire life cycle described, plus how we might phytoremediate and mechanically remediate the pollutant. Also included with the cultural information is the scientific signatures of each compound-how we discover them in the water. View large to read, some elements seemingly scrambled in the translation from Illustrator to Indesign to Acrobat to Photoshop to web!
Here's how to replace a selenium cell from an Argus CC exposure meter.
Take the CC meter from the camera, remove the six little screws around the sides. Then pull the cover from the bottom (pic 1).
Remove the two nuts and the washers from the dial plate, then carefully remove the dial plate, avoiding bending of the needle.(pic 2)
Now try to remove the selenium cell that is frictioned between the front and the magnet of the meter. There may come loose a rectangular frame that should be positioned back at the front of the selenium cell.
Pic 3 shows the removed sel.cell. On pic 4 you can see the replacement cell, it is a bit longer than the original one.(This cell was an old one, taken from a broken exp.meter and had a date from 1940 on its back!) With a Dremel tool you can adjust the size,
pic 5.
Your new cell should read at least 250mV when connected to a Voltmeter in full daylight. pics 6, old cell, pic 7 new cell.
Then place back the new cell where the old one was seated. Et voilà , the meter is working again!, pic 8.
Then work the reverse from pic 2 , replace the cover and the little screws and replace the meter. Now you can calibrate the meter with a reliable working meter. To compensate for stops you can set a filter factor as a corrector. My replacement was one stop lower than it should be. For me no problem.
It took me about 1,5 hour to perform this , so it's not a big job. Good luck.
A Sea&Sea selenium cell UW exposure meter (at the right) and a simple Weston Pixie selenium exposure meter in an A.Giddings U/W Enterprises underwater housing. Take it with you while diving and you're guaranteed to reach the bottom because of its weight. (500+ grams against the 100 grams of the Sea&Sea).
Sometimes I feel like I nut. I rarely don't. It's tough to pick a favorite when the competition includes cashews, almonds, pistachios, peanuts (not really a nut, yeah yeah), and macadamias. But I think I go for the gorgeous Brazil nut, with its pitted, finished-hardwood skin and porcelain white meat.
From Twelve Things You Should Know About Selenium":
"9. A nut a day keeps the blues away. The Brazil nut is the richest of all foods in selenium, and eating a single nut a day will guarantee you are never deficient, says Dr. Donald J. Lisk, director of Cornell University’s Toxic Chemical laboratory. He found that Brazil nuts are grown in selenium-rich soil providing a super high content of the mineral, about 2,500 times more than other nuts. Eating half a dozen nuts rapidly boosts blood selenium levels by 100350 per cent. The taking of selenium in supplementary form is both expensive and unnecessary provided the foods listed are eaten on a regular basis."
And there are some good reasons to boost your selenium.
Viscri, Weißkirch, ein Dorf voller Sachsenhäuser, mit einer schönen Wehrkirche und einem geschäftigen Hauptplatz ...
Agfa MCC in Eco4812 + selenium/gold
The Selenium element was known to science in the late 1800s as having the property of outputting a voltage when exposed to light, but the amout of output was so small and fleeting in its output characteristics that it made it little more than wondrous novelty to early electricity scientists and their backers of the day. Then somewhere around the late 1920s, Weston figured out how to meld this element with other others to stabilized this earliest of solar cells and make their output large enough to drive one of their most efficient meter movements of the era like the Weston 301 movement which is used on this early generation foot-candle meter modeled 614 and set out out to make a device that could be used to reliably and repeatably measure all manner of light sources and provided a handy guide for establishing lighting standards for home, work and industry. Weston originally thought about using it for automatically triggering street lighting to come on when it got dark and turn back off once the sun rose bright enough to trigger the off switch. It also got adapted into elevators to stop the doors from closing when a person broke the beam to switch the door back open. Relays, were also a going concern in Weston's affairs and they excelled in all of these various studies in electricity.
There were a handful of these models made from very compact to more industrial sized models aimed strictly at industry users. The whole craze of photography also leaped on board with this as well, as Weston helped to establish a means of scientifically setting up your camera settings based on the light in the shot. Film makers of the day as well took hold of all this new technology Weston brought to the playing field and Weston made specific meters for them as well.
A very nice example of an early Russian professional exposure meter made in 1952 at the MKIP factory in Moscow.
Selenium Light Meter, swiveling head, bakelite body. Iris diafragm to reduce strong light,
body serial # 189 .... marked EP-3 No 189. Accessory diffusor disk and honeycomb lens with matching serial numbers. Still working.
This is a close up of the front of the camera showing the Selenium cell. The simple white Yashica name is seen on blue background on the box.
Photographié à / taken at Québec City.
Printed on Agfa fiber matt paper. Selenium toned (Ilford).
Developpé sur du papier fibre matt d'Agfa. Virage au sélénium (Ilford)
Older picture, going back when Nox's dark room (Quebec city) was still operational (2006)... - It was a happy time, as most photographers had already deserted film at that time. I had an unlimited access to the facility... :-)
La photo remonte à 2006 et avait été développée dans la chambre noire du club photo Nox (Québec). C'était une époque heureuse. Beaucoup de photographes avaient déjà deserté la pellicule au profit du numérique... J'avais un accès illimité à la chambre noire... :-)
The picture was slightly unsharp as it was taken through a window...
Nikon F90x
I do not remember the lens. Possibly the old Tamron 28-300 lens with a circ. pol.
Ilford Ilfosol S
Agfa fiber matt paper
Diffusion enlarger / The sky was burned.
Ilford developer
Selenium toner (Ilford)
Canon 4400F scanner
Footed early Metraphot selenium exposure meter for Leica. This was the first model that Metrawatt produced for a Leica around 1934. Body of brown bakelite with adapted time scale for Leica on the dial plate and embossed on the outside of the body.
Westphalen exposure meter 1932, constructed of a Weston Photronic selenium cell and a Weston type 301 milliamp meter. Could be regarded as the first photoelectric exposure meter in the world without a battery. Pictured in the George Eastman House, Rochester, NY
This shot was taken in Pascoag, RI for my "Best Camera Project" using an Olympus E-600.
A very intense, fast moving thunderstorm raced by around 2:30 this morning. Flashes of lightning were near constant, but since the thunderhead was pretty large, few of the bright flashes had visible bolts... come to think of it, there were only a couple of thunder reports that were even nearby. This is actually the only catch I made out of about a hundred shots.
Strike the Blog: www.snaphackphotography.com