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In this long exposure photograph, the Soyuz MS-03 spacecraft is seen launching from the Baikonur Cosmodrome with Expedition 50 crewmembers NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on Nov 17, 2016. Whitson, Novitskiy, and Pesquet will spend approximately six months on the orbital complex.
Photo Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls
The moon, or supermoon, is seen rising behind the Soyuz rocket at the Baikonur Cosmodrome launch pad in Kazakhstan, Monday, Nov. 14, 2016. NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, Russian cosmonaut Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, and European Space Agency astronaut Thomas Pesquet will launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome to the International Space Station at 3:20 p.m. EST, Nov. 17 (2:20 a.m., Nov. 18, Kazakh time). All three will spend approximately six months on the orbital complex. A supermoon occurs when the moon’s orbit is closest (perigee) to Earth.
Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
This feature could easily be mistaken for a tree stump with characteristic concentric rings. It’s actually an impressive birds-eye view into an ice-rich impact crater on Mars. Tree rings provide snapshots of Earth’s past climate and, although formed in a very different way, the patterns inside this crater reveal details of the Red Planet’s history, too.
The image was taken by the CaSSIS camera onboard the ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) on 13 June 2021 in the vast northern plains of Acidalia Planitia, centred at 51.9°N/326.7°E.
The interior of the crater is filled with deposits that are probably water-ice rich. It is thought that these deposits were laid down during an earlier time in Mars’ history when the inclination of the planet’s spin axis allowed water-ice deposits to form at lower latitudes than it does today. Just like on Earth, Mars’ tilt gives rises to seasons, but unlike Earth its tilt has changed dramatically over long periods of time.
One of the notable features in the crater deposits is the presence of quasi-circular and polygonal patterns of fractures. These features are likely a result of seasonal changes in temperature that cause cycles of expansion and contraction of the ice-rich material, eventually leading to the development of fractures.
Understanding the history of water on Mars and if this once allowed life to flourish is at the heart of ESA’s ExoMars missions. TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases with a particular emphasis on geologically and biologically important gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023. The rover will explore a region of Mars thought once to have hosted an ancient ocean, and will search underground for signs of life.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
The Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft launches from the Baikonur Cosmodrome with Expedition 48-49 crewmembers Kate Rubins of NASA, Anatoly Ivanishin of Roscosmos and Takuya Onishi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) onboard, Thursday, July 7, 2016 , Kazakh time (July 6 Eastern time), Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Rubins, Ivanishin, and Onishi will spend approximately four months on the orbital complex, returning to Earth in October.
Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
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Exquisite detail of the Red Planet’s history is captured in this image taken by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) on 21 April 2021.
Zooming into the image shows the details of layered deposits exposed on the floor of a 50 km wide impact crater. Sediments that have been eroded by the wind reveal their internal layering. Dark sand has been trapped in the low parts of the terrain and contrasts with the brighter sedimentary rocks. In places the layers are offset by faults cutting through them, showing that the ground has been fractured in the past.
The image is centred on 3.9897°N, 1.3794°E. A scale bar is marked on the image.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS
nhq201606180001 (06/18/2016) --- The Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft is seen as it lands with Expedition 47 crew members Tim Kopra of NASA, Tim Peake of the European Space Agency, and Yuri Malenchenko of Roscosmos near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Saturday, June 18, 2016. Kopra, Peake, and Malenchenko are returning after six months in space where they served as members of the Expedition 46 and 47 crews onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
ESA astronaut Samantha Cristoforetti trains in Extravehicular Activity (EVA) and the Russian segment of the International Space Station at Roscosmos's Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia. October 2021.
ID: DSC_4325
Credit: GCTC
The Soyuz TMA-19M spacecraft is seen as it lands with Expedition 47 crew members Tim Kopra of NASA, Tim Peake of the European Space Agency, and Yuri Malenchenko of Roscosmos near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Saturday, June 18, 2016. Kopra, Peake, and Malenchenko are returning after six months in space where they served as members of the Expedition 46 and 47 crews onboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket carrying the company's Dragon spacecraft is launched on NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission to the International Space Station with NASA astronauts Stephen Bowen and Warren "Woody" Hoburg, UAE (United Arab Emirates) astronaut Sultan Alneyadi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev onboard, Thursday, March 2, 2023, at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. NASA’s SpaceX Crew-6 mission is the sixth crew rotation mission of the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket to the International Space Station as part of the agency’s Commercial Crew Program. Bowen, Hoburg, Alneyadi, and Fedyaev launched at 12:34 a.m. EST from Launch Complex 39A at the Kennedy Space Center to begin a six month mission aboard the orbital outpost. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)
nhq201610190028 (10/19/2016) --- The Soyuz MS-02 rocket is launched with Expedition 49 Soyuz commander Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Shane Kimbrough of NASA, and flight engineer Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos, Wednesday, Oct. 19, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ryzhikov, Kimbrough, and Borisenko will spend the next four months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)
This image was taken on 22 March 2021 in the Lunae Planum region [16.74°N, 300.9°E] of Mars by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO).
This region is known to be covered by large lava deposits probably from the nearby Tharsis Montes volcanoes. In this image three medium-sized impact craters take centre stage, with many smaller impacts pockmarking the scene. Zooming into the larger craters it is possible to see layers in the inner rim that could represent the successive accumulation of lava flows in this area.
TGO’s full science mission began in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
An Orthodox priest blesses members of the media at the Baikonur Cosmodrome launch pad on Thursday, March 17, 2016 in Kazakhstan. Launch of the Soyuz rocket is scheduled for March 19 Baikonur time and will carry Expedition 47 Soyuz Commander Alexey Ovchinin of Roscosmos, Flight Engineer Jeff Williams of NASA, and Flight Engineer Oleg Skripochka of Roscosmos into orbit to begin their five and a half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Aubrey Gemignani)
The International Space Station, with a crew of seven onboard, is seen in silhouette as it transits the Sun at roughly five miles per second, Friday, June 25, 2021, from near Nellysford, Va. Onboard are Expedition 65 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur, Mark Vande Hei, Shane Kimbrough, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Thomas Pesquet, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Oleg Novitskiy. At the time of the transit, Kimbrough and Pesquet were working outside on the station’s port 6 truss to install the second ISS Roll-Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the 4B power channel. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)
There’s more to this image of Mars than first meets the eye: nestled in the detail of the cliff face that cuts through this scene are signs of geology in motion. Zooming in reveals several boulders that have fallen from the cliff edge, leaving small dimples in the soft material as they tumbled down-slope.
The image was taken by the CaSSIS camera onboard the ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter on 3 August 2020, and captures a slice through the maze-like system of the aptly named Noctis Labyrinthus. The cliff-like feature running through the central portion of the image is part of a horst-graben system, which comprises raised ridges and plateaus (horst) either side of sunken valleys (graben) created as a result of tectonic processes that pulled the planet’s surface apart. The entire network of plateaus and trenches making up Noctis Labyrinthus spans some 1200 km, with individual cliffs reaching 5 km above the surface below.
Elsewhere in this image and in particular towards the right-hand side are patches of linear ripples that have been shaped by the wind. A few small impact craters also pockmark the scene.
The image was taken over the easternmost part of Noctis Labyrinthus at 265.8°E/8.70°S in the Phoenicis Lacus Quadrangle, near the intersection with Lus Chasma of Valles Marineris – the ‘grand canyon’ of Mars.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
iss069e004371 (April 19, 2023) --- Roscosmos spacewalkers Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitri Petelin, both wearing Orlan spacesuits, work to install a radiator on the International Space Station's Nauka multipurpose laboratory module with assistance from the European robotic arm.
This image features the southeast wall of a small crater located a few hundred kilometres to the north of the giant Hellas impact basin on Mars. The complete crater itself is about 12 km in diameter; this image shows a 5 x 10 km area.
The Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter took the image on 19 October 2020.
When viewed with CaSSIS’ colour filters, the image shows exceptional diversity in colour. This diversity is related to the presence of various minerals that reflect light differently at different wavelengths. The light-toned deposits highlight the bedrock exposures of the area, which probably contain ancient clay-rich minerals that would have formed in the presence of water. Also visible are wind-blown sandy deposits that form ripples on the floor of the crater. Their distinctive tan colour implies that they contain iron-oxide minerals.
The ExoMars programme is a joint endeavour between ESA and Roscosmos.
The image was featured by Science Advances online in February 2021.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
nhq201512150011 (12/15/2015) --- The Soyuz TMA-19M rocket is launched with Expedition 46 Soyuz Commander Yuri Malenchenko of the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos), Flight Engineer Tim Kopra of NASA, and Flight Engineer Tim Peake of ESA (European Space Agency), Tuesday, Dec. 15, 2015 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Malenchenko, Kopra, and Peake will spend the next six-months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)
The Soyuz MS-06 spacecraft launches with Expedition 53 crewmembers Joe Acaba of NASA, Alexander Misurkin of Roscosmos, and Mark Vande Hei of NASA from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, Wednesday, Sept. 13, 2017, (Kazakh time) (Sept. 12, U.S. time).
Acaba, Misurkin, and Vande Hei will spend approximately five and half months on the International Space Station, where they will continue work on hundreds of experiments in biology, biotechnology, physical science and Earth science aboard the International Space Station, humanity's only permanently occupied microgravity laboratory.
Image credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls
This composite image made from seven frames shows the International Space Station, with a crew of seven onboard, in silhouette as it transits the Sun at roughly five miles per second, Friday, June 25, 2021, from near Nellysford, Va. Onboard are Expedition 65 NASA astronauts Megan McArthur, Mark Vande Hei, Shane Kimbrough, ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Thomas Pesquet, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) astronaut Akihiko Hoshide, and Roscosmos cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Oleg Novitskiy. At the time of the transit, Kimbrough and Pesquet were working outside on the station’s port 6 truss to install the second Roll-Out Solar Array (iROSA) on the 4B power channel.
Image Credit: NASA/Joel Kowsky
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The Soyuz MS-08 spacecraft is seen as it lands with Expedition 56 Commander Drew Feustel and Flight Engineer Ricky Arnold of NASA, along with Flight Engineer and Soyuz Commander Oleg Artemyev of Roscosmos near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan, Oct. 4, 2018. Feustel, Arnold, and Artemyev spent 197 days in space where they served as members of the Expedition 55 and 56 crews onboard the International Space Station.
Image credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls
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A jagged slice in a crater wall on Mars stands out brightly against the darker terrain in this image taken by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter at 7pm local time on 1 May 2021.
Despite the low light in this late evening image, several north-facing icy scarps are distinctly visible because of their covering of bright white carbon dioxide frost. The frost disappears in spring, but remains late on these scarps because of their pole-facing orientation.
This 11 km diameter crater is located in the northern plains of Mars at 55°16'51.6"N/106°25'3.4"W, north of Alba Mons.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
At first glance this captivating scene peering through wispy clouds and down onto a dune field is reminiscent of a satellite view of one of Earth’s deserts, but this is in fact a beautiful landscape on Mars.
This spectacular dune field sits in the centre of Lomonosov crater, deep in the southern hemisphere of Mars (65ºS, 351ºE). It was imaged by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) on 2 December, 2020.
At this time, southern summer was coming to an end on Mars. The image was taken as part of a campaign to track the evolution of the dune field through the end of summer and beginning of autumn, when frost would start covering the surface in this region. The crests of the dunes indicate the average wind direction, in this case, the wind comes predominantly from the bottom left to the top right of the image. To the right, darker, more basaltic rich sediments are visible. It is also in the right of the image that bright white clouds stand out against the darker sediments on the ground.
The image was released on the occasion of the five year launch anniversary of the mission.
The first five years
TGO launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on 14 March 2016, arriving at Mars seven months later. It spent several months aerobraking – using the top of the planet’s atmosphere to create drag and slow down – to became the first ESA spacecraft used to enter its science orbit in this way.
The mission began full science operations in April 2018 with its suite of four instruments. TGO’s NOMAD and ACS spectrometers are designed to provide the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases yet, and have already detected a new gas – hydrogen chloride – for the first time, as well as studying processes linked to atmospheric water escape in greater detail than ever. TGO is also adding to the lively debate surrounding the presence of methane on the planet by revealing a surprising lack of the mysterious gas. The FREND instrument is mapping the distribution of hydrogen in the uppermost metre of the planet’s surface, creating a detailed map of possible water-rich oases, relevant for future exploration of Mars. The CaSSIS camera has captured more than 20 000 images documenting the surface and complementing the data returned by the other instruments to help characterise features that may be related to trace gas sources.
TGO also provides routine data relay for NASA’s landers and rovers: Opportunity (until its end of operations in 2018), Curiosity, Insight and Perseverance. It will also be the communication link for the second ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars mission, comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
jsc2020e017120 (April 9, 2020) - Expedition 63 Preflight - The Soyuz rocket with Expedition 63 crewmembers Chris Cassidy of NASA, Ivan Vagner and Anatoly Ivanishin of Roscosmos onboard is seen a several hours before launch, Thursday, April 9, 2020 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A few hours later, the trio lifted off on a Soyuz rocket for a six-and-a-half month mission on the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Andrey Shelepin)...
This image captured by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter on 19 May 2021 features active dust devils northeast of Amazonis Planitia (35.2°N/210.1°E).
Dust devils usually appear as small vortexes and slightly bluer in CaSSIS false colour composite images like these. These dust vortexes often ‘clean’ the surface by removing a thin dust layer, leaving a dark trail behind known as a dust devil track.
Dust devils on Mars form in the same way as those on Earth: when the ground gets hotter than the air above it, rising plumes of hot air move through cooler denser air, creating an updraft, with the cooler air sinking and setting up a vertical circulation. If a horizontal gust of wind blows through, the dust devil is triggered. Once whirling fast enough, the spinning funnels can pick up dust and push it around the surface.
This image was acquired in the middle of spring in the northern hemisphere of Mars, a season that is characterised by increased dust devil activity.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
The Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter mission returned this image of an area in Melas Chasma, part of the vast Valles Marineris canyon system on Mars. Valles Marineris stretches for more than 4000 km across the planet’s surface, and plunges more than 7 km deep in places.
The section seen here is about 5 x 6 km in size. It is a colour infrared image (combining the NIR, PAN and BLU filters of CaSSIS), and emphasizes the spectral diversity of landforms and sediments on the surface. It shows details of a blocky deposit on the floor of Melas Chasma that is consistent with an eroded and exposed landslide deposit. Windblown ripples are abundant and interspersed between the blocks.
The CRISM spectrometer on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter revealed a variety of minerals and phases that correlate with the light-toned blocks seen here (for example: nontronite, jarosite, aluminium-rich clays, hydrated silica, and/or an acid-leached clay). The tan-coloured ripples likely contain ferric iron oxides that gives rise to this distinctive colour. There is also evidence of the past presence of water in this region. The bright-white layered materials imply the presence of a hydrated calcium sulphate (possibly gypsum), which is thought to have formed through the ponding and subsequent evaporation of water that may have once occupied portions of the Chasma floor.
The image was taken on 19 October 2020 and featured on the February 2021 cover of Nature Geoscience.
The ExoMars programme is a joint endeavour between ESA and Roscosmos.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
The Soyuz MS-18 rocket is launched with Expedition 65 NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, Roscosmos cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Oleg Novitskiy, Friday, April 9, 2021, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
This image of a portion of 79 km-wide Ritchey Crater in the Proteus region of Mars was captured by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO).
The image captures the crater’s central uplift – raised from depth during the impact event that carved out the crater itself – and a variety of impact-related rocks, or ‘breccia’, which is essentially broken up fragments of the planet’s rocky surface cemented together by finer-grained material.
NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter already identified features and minerals in this crater that suggest water was once present here. Ritchey Crater is located at 309.06°E/28.13°S, just south of Valles Marineris, where TGO also just reported evidence that vast amounts of water – in the form of ice or hydrated minerals – is still present today.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
The Soyuz MS-02 rocket is launched with Expedition 49 Soyuz commander Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Shane Kimbrough of NASA, and flight engineer Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos, Wednesday, Oct. 19, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ryzhikov, Kimbrough, and Borisenko will spend the next four months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)
This image shows an area close to the landing ellipse for NASA’s Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, which is expected to land within Jezero crater on 18 February 2021. Jezero crater was once the site of a lake, and the landing site is centred on an ancient river delta near the rim of the crater. Although the actual landing ellipse is just outside of this image, it was taken as part of an imaging campaign to study the rover's future neighbourhood, in preparation for its arrival.
The image was taken by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter on 23 April 2020. For scale, the prominent crater left of centre is about 2 km across.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
Chaotic mounds, wind-sculpted ripples and dust devil tracks: this image shows a fascinating and otherworldly landscape near Hooke Crater in Mars’ southern highlands.
The image was taken by the CaSSIS camera onboard the ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) on 1 February 2021, and shows part of Argyre Planitia, centred at 46.2°S/318.3°E.
This type of scenery is similar to ‘chaotic terrain’: a kind of broken, disrupted terrain seen across Mars where haphazard groups of variously sized and shaped rocks – irregular knobs, conical mounds, ridges, flat-topped hills known as mesas – clump together, often enclosed within depressions. There are around 30 regions of chaotic terrain defined on Mars (see ESA Mars Express views of Ariadnes Colles, Pyrrhae Regio, and Iani Chaos for just a small sample); while this small patch has not been defined as one of these, its appearance is certainly chaotic.
Perhaps the most striking feature here is the wispy, snaking tendrils stretching out across the frame. These dark traces of past activity were caused by dust devils, whirlwinds of dust that occur on both Mars and Earth when warm air rises quickly into cooler air. These devils leave tracks on a planet’s surface as they travel through dusty landscapes. The tracks here appear to have a north-south orientation, indicating a possible local wind pattern.
The bluish tinge to the dust devil tracks seen here is a result of the three filters that were combined to create this image; while not representative of what an observer would see with the naked eye, these filters produce a colour infrared image with greater sensitivity to variations in surface mineralogy.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images like this one, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission, comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
nhq202103270039 (March 27, 2021) --- Expedition 65 prime crew members Pyotr Dubrov of Roscosmos, left, Oleg Novitskiy of Roscosmos, center, and NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei, right, are seen holding their Sokol suits during a fit check, Saturday, March 27, 2021 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. They are scheduled to launch on a Soyuz rocket April 9. Photo Credit: (NASA/GCTC/Irina Spector)
My highlight of the month bringing cosmonauts that flew on with N280PH, a Gulfstream 5, to Houston-Ellington (NASA I presume!). Note the appropriate 'Cosmonaut Training Center' titles.
Roscosmos is the state corporation of the Russian Federation responsible for space flights, cosmonautics programs, and aerospace research.
The plane is named 'Sergei Korolev', after the lead Soviet rocket engineer and spacecraft designer who was the driving force behind Soviet accomplishments in space exploration.
The ESA-Roscosmos Trace Gas Orbiter has spotted NASA’s Mars 2020 Perseverance rover, along with its parachute and back shell, heat shield and descent stage, in the Jezero Crater region of Mars. The images were captured with the orbiter’s CaSSIS camera on 23 February 2021. The components are seen as dark or bright pixels.
In this image, the colours have been stretched to emphasize the compositional diversity of the surface.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS; Acknowledgement: P. Grindrod
The most recent departure from the International Space Station was not our friends from Crew-1, but some… trash, on a Progress resupply ship. This workhorse of the International Space Station programme, like its equivalents launched from the US, Japan's HTV and Europe's ATV (until 2015) bring us all we need to perform our missions, and burn up on re-entry, ridding us of our trash in the process. Their very practical function doesn’t make them less beautiful when they fly close to the Space Station.
Juste avant le Crew-1, un autre ami nous a quitté fin avril : le vaisseau cargo russe Progress. Bon, c'est difficilement comparable puisqu'il s'agit... de nos déchets. Il est essentiel à l'approvisionnement de l'ISS, comme ses équivalents états-uniens (Cygnus, Dragon), japonais (HTV) et même européen jusqu'en 2015 (ATV). À l'aller, ils nous apportent tout ce dont nous avons besoin pour réaliser nos missions. Au retour, ils se désintègrent en brûlant dans l'atmosphère, emportant nos ordures avec eux. Cette fonction très terre-à-terre ne les empêche pas d'être extrêmement gracieux quand ils naviguent à proximité de la Station spatiale.
Credits: ESA/NASA–T. Pesquet
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The Soyuz MS-02 spacecraft is seen as it lands with Expedition 50 Commander Shane Kimbrough of NASA and Flight Engineers Sergey Ryzhikov and Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Monday, April 10, 2017 (Kazakh time). Kimbrough, Ryzhikov, and Borisenko are returning after 173 days in space where they served as members of the Expedition 49 and 50 crews onboard the International Space Station.
Image Credit: NASA/Bill Ingalls
This mesmerizing image of swirling deposits on Mars was taken by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter on 9 May 2021.
The swirling and looping texture is typical of the deposits on the floor of the Hellas impact basin in the southern hemisphere of Mars. At 2300 km in diameter and 7 km deep, Hellas is one of the largest identified impact craters both on Mars and within the Solar System.
The terrain imaged in this scene, centred at 52°42'E/39°38'S, is at one of the lowest points of Mars.
The swirling nature of the landscape evokes a feeling of flow. The exact reason for its origin is a puzzle however, and could be attributed to one of many different processes: salt tectonism, or viscous deformation of ice and sediments, for example.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
The Soyuz MS-01 spacecraft is seen as it lands with Expedition 49 crew members NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, Russian cosmonaut Anatoly Ivanishin of Roscosmos, and astronaut Takuya Onishi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) near the town of Zhezkazgan, Kazakhstan on Sunday, Oct. 30, 2016 (Kazakh time).
Rubins, Ivanishin, and Onishi are returning after 115 days in space where they served as members of the Expedition 48 and 49 crews onboard the International Space Station.
For more information about the International Space Station, click here.
The Soyuz MS-05 rocket is launched with Expedition 52 flight engineer Sergei Ryazanskiy of Roscosmos, flight engineer Randy Bresnik of NASA, and flight engineer Paolo Nespoli of ESA (European Space Agency), Friday, July 28, 2017 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ryazanskiy, Bresnik, and Nespoli will spend the next four and a half months living and working aboard the International Space Station.
Image credit: NASA/Joel Kowsky
This dramatic image of a 6 km diameter crater in the northern plains of Mars was captured by the CaSSIS camera on the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter during local evening when half the crater was in shadow.
Intriguing features can be seen both inside and outside the crater. During an impact event vast volumes of material are flung out of the central cavity, which may create radiating patterns like the grooves seen here extending away from the crater.
Inside the crater, material slumps towards the centre, while more recently formed gullies are evident on walls and rim.
The crater is located at 134°12'13.0"W/43°14'59.7"N.
TGO arrived at Mars in 2016 and began its full science mission in 2018. The spacecraft is not only returning spectacular images, but also providing the best ever inventory of the planet’s atmospheric gases, and mapping the planet’s surface for water-rich locations. It will also provide data relay services for the second ExoMars mission comprising the Rosalind Franklin rover and Kazachok platform, when it arrives on Mars in 2023.
Credits: ESA/Roscosmos/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
nhq201610190018 (10/19/2016) --- The Soyuz MS-02 rocket is launched with Expedition 49 Soyuz commander Sergey Ryzhikov of Roscosmos, flight engineer Shane Kimbrough of NASA, and flight engineer Andrey Borisenko of Roscosmos, Wednesday, Oct. 19, 2016 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Ryzhikov, Kimbrough, and Borisenko will spend the next four months living and working aboard the International Space Station. Photo Credit: (NASA/Joel Kowsky)