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This photograph was published in the Illustrated Chronicle on the 27th of July 1916.
During the Great War the Illustrated Chronicle published photographs of soldiers and sailors from Newcastle and the North East of England, which had been in the news. The photographs were sent in by relatives and give us a glimpse into the past.
The physical collection held by Newcastle Libraries comprises bound volumes of the newspaper from 1910 to 1925. We are keen to find out more about the people in the photographs. If you recognise anyone in the images and have any stories and information to add please comment below.
We hope you enjoy looking through our collection, you are welcome to download and share our images for your own personal use, as they are to our knowledge, in the public domain. If you would like to use the images for commercial purposes, please contact us and we can provide a High Quality Digital Image for a Fee. If you are able to use the Low Resolution Image from the website please do, but we would appreciate a credit: Image from the Newcastle City Library Photographic Collection, Thank you.
© sergione infuso - all rights reserved
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this page without written permission and consent.
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Il concerto degli AC/DC a Imola, prodotto e organizzato da Barley Arts, è il più grande evento open air dell’estate 2015, con 90.000 biglietti polverizzati in soli 5 giorni. Un evento imperdibile, dove la band-leggenda del rock mondiale infiammerà con la sua energia e i suoi riff inconfondibili una location storica per la musica live in Italia. Virgin Radio è la radio media partner ufficiale dell’evento.
L’evento si svolgerà all’Autodromo Internazionale Enzo e Dino Ferrari di Imola (Bologna), nel Paddock Rivazza, una delle zone più verdi e accoglienti dell’autodromo e, come tutti gli eventi Barley, sarà caratterizzato dalla massima attenzione verso le migliaia di fan che accorreranno da tutta Italia e Europa.
Il “Rock or Bust World Tour” è il primo tour senza Malcom Young, che mesi fa ha lasciato la band per motivi di salute. Al suo posto Stevie Young, nipote dei membri fondatori Angus e Malcolm Young, che ha suonato la chitarra ritmica in ‘Rock or Bust’ e che accompagna la band sul palco. Inoltre, alla batteria per il tour mondiale Chris Slade, che ha già lavorato nella band tra il 1989 e il 1994 e si è recentemente esibito con gli AC/DC sul palco dei Grammy Awards 2015.
Durante le prime date europee del “Rock or Bust World Tour“, gli AC/DC si sono mostrati in grande forma, dando vita ad uno show esplosivo di oltre due ore! In scaletta, i grandi classici della rock band, da “Back in Black“ a “Thunderstruck“, fino ad alcuni nuovi brani tratti dall’ultimo disco “Rock or Bust“, divenuto in pochissimo tempo disco di platino. Insomma, uno show da non perdere!
Brian Johnson – voce
Angus Young – chitarra
Stevie Young – chitarra
Cliff Williams – basso
Chris Slade – batteria
I took these photographs at the showrooms of the local Ford dealer, Passey and Porter, Locking Road, Weston-super-Mare, in February 1969. This display of Ford (and Ford powered) competition cars was part of the launch for the Ford Capri which went on sale a couple of days later. One of the showroom staff got very uptight when I went near the Capri with my camera. This was a little odd because, a) it was under covers and B) photos had already been published.
Ilford Sportsman
Ilford FP4
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Ghali apre la performance di Martin Garrix per Milano Rocks, sabato 10 settembre 2022 all’Ippodromo Snai San Siro.
Fru di The Jackal ha il compito di presentare Ghali e con lui sul palco come ospiti ci sono Axell, Tedua, Digital Astro, Pyrex, Baby Gang e Charlie Charles.
Ghali Amdouni, alias Ghali, è un rapper italiano. Nato a Milano il 21 Maggio 1993 da genitori tunisini, ha sempre vissuto in Italia, nello specifico a Baggio, periferia milanese.
Ha iniziato ad avvicinarsi all'hip hop utilizzando lo pseudonimo Fobia, mutato successivamente in Ghali Foh. Nel 2011 ha fondato i Troupe D'Elite, gruppo nel quale erano presenti anche il rapper Er Nyah (ora conosciuto come Ernia), la cantante Maite e il produttore Fonzie (ora conosciuto come Fawzi).
Il 26 Gennaio 2018 Ghali ha pubblicato il suo singolo Cara Italia, brano cult che ha superato le 128milioni di visualizzazioni su YouTube, venendo certificato triplo disco di platino nel giro di un mese e restando stabilmente ai vertici delle classifiche di airplay del paese per settimane. Un successo straordinario che segna il coronamento di un percorso lungo 4 anni che porta Ghali alla ribalta come vero e proprio riferimento della musica italiana ed europea.
Gianluca Colucci, in arte Fru è un attore e comico italiano nato nel 1995. Fru è uno dei membri del gruppo comico The Jackal insieme a Simone Ruzzo, Ciro Priello, Fabio Balsamo, Claudia Napolitano e Aurora Leone.
Arrivato nel gruppo comico solamente nel 2016, undici anni dopo la fondazione della società di produzione The Jackal, Fru nel 2020 è entrato a far parte del cast della nuova serie italiana originale Netflix in collaborazione con i The Jackal, insieme a Fabio Balsamo, Generazione 56K e nel 2021 è uno dei comici in gara nel comedy show di Amazon, LOL: Chi ride è fuori e nel 2022 è in coppia con Aurora Leone nella nuova edizione di Pechino Express 2022 – La Rotta dei sultani.
Axell è nato in Senegal, ma a 12 anni si è trasferito a Torino nel quartiere Barriera di Milano. Parla francese e italiano, due lingue che si mischiano nelle sue canzoni e che gli danno un sapore internazionale, transalpino, ma unito alla fame, alla rabbia e a quel rap italiano che inevitabilmente ha assorbito nel quartiere torinese dove è cresciuto. Suona il pianoforte e la tromba, ama il rap, ma ascolta anche musica classica, la sua ultima canzone, Que Pasa, è stata condivisa anche dal calciatore interista Hachraf Hakimi. Le sue peculiarità artistiche hanno attirato l’attenzione di Ghali ed Axell ha firmato per Sto Records e ha pubblicato Que Pasa.
Tedua, pseudonimo di Mario Molinari (Genova, 21 febbraio 1994[2]), è un rapper italiano. Precedentemente noto come Incubo o Duate, è uno dei componenti di Wild Bandana, collettivo musicale genovese di cui fanno parte anche Izi, Vaz Tè, Guesan e Ill Rave.
Digital Astro, al secolo Rida Amaouch, è un artista classe 2000. Nasce ad Acireale da genitori marocchini e comincia ad avere contatti con la musica sin dalla tenera età avvicinandosi a diversi generi che lo porteranno a creare uno stile molto personale. Nel 2017 conosce il producer Sadturs che si rivelerà essere una figura chiave nel suo cammino e con il quale formerà la più classica delle coppie rapper-producer.
Nel 2020 viene notato proprio da Ghali che, intuendone le grandi potenzialità, decide di inserirlo nella cantera di Sto Records facendogli firmare il suo primo contratto. I suoi primi singoli ufficiali “Preghiera per il blocco” e “Tutto Passa” vengono fin da subito apprezzati dal pubblico che iniziano a conoscere il mondo di Digital Astro. Questo ruota attorno al racconto delle difficoltà che i ragazzi delle nuove generazioni devono affrontare.
Dark Pyrex, detto anche Principe Pyrex o Prynce, è il letterato della Dark Polo Gang. Il suo vero nome è Dylan Thomas Cerulli ed è nato nel 1994 da padre romano e madre afro-americana di New York.
Incontra Dark Side, Tony Effe e Wayne da adolescente a scuola. Inizia a rappare con loro per gioco, finché Sick Luke, figlio di Duke Montana, li convince a fare le cose sul serio confezionando i primi beat. Nasce così Dark Polo Gang, collettivo che inizialmente è addirittura un quintetto, insieme a un altro ragazzo romano, Bangerz.
Baby Gang, pseudonimo di Zaccaria Mouhib, è un rapper italiano di origini marocchine. Nasce a Lecco nel 2001 e a partire dagli undici anni passa gli anni tra carceri minorili e comunità educative.
Nel 2018 pubblica Street, il suo primo singolo, ma poco dopo viene arrestato e condannato alla detenzione nel carcere minorile Beccaria di Milano, dal quale esce grazie all’intervento di Don Claudio Burgio che lo porta nella propria comunità. Nel 2019 pubblica i singoli Fuck la Pula, Educazione e Cella 1. Ottiene un discreto successo nel 2020 grazie alla collaborazione con la 167 Gang nel singolo Baby Gang e Bimbi Soldato con Sacky. Dopo una lunga serie di singoli, nel 2021 pubblica prima EP1, progetto di 7 brani con le collaborazioni di Il Ghost, Omar, Neima Ezza, Rondodasosa e Escomar. Per fine agosto è previsto Delinquente, il suo primo disco ufficiale pubblicato per Warner Music Italy.
Charlie Charles, pseudonimo di Paolo Alberto Monachetti, è un produttore discografico e disc jockey italiano, ritenuto tra i principali esponenti della scena hip hop e trap italiana degli anni 2010.
Charlie Charles inizia la sua carriera ascoltando e producendo musica elettronica e techno, dedicandosi anche alla composizione di colonne sonore. Dopo diversi cambi di scuola, abbandonò le superiori per dedicarsi solo alla musica, creando a Seguro un proprio studio di registrazione. Intorno allo stesso periodo conosce il rapper Sfera Ebbasta, intraprendendo una collaborazione musicale culminata nel 2015 con l'album in studio XDVR. Il 2015 segna inoltre la collaborazione con Marracash per l'etichetta discografica indipendente Roccia Music, producendo vari brani e album con Ghali, Tedua, Izi, Gué Pequeno e la Dark Polo Gang, oltre a Sfera Ebbasta.
Publish! New players, new innovations, 19 July 2012 (St Bride Foundation, London). Hosted by Media Futures, The Media Society and the St Bride Foundation.
File name: 10_07_000166b
Title: Temple Place, Boston, Mass. [back]
Creator/Contributor:
Created/Published: Detroit Publishing Co.
Date issued: ca. 1915-1930
Physical description: white border postcard
Location: Boston Public Library, Print Department
Rights: Rights status not evaluated.
© sergione infuso - all rights reserved
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this page without written permission and consent.
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Musica, cabaret e impegno sociale. A un anno dalla scomparsa Il Comune di Milano ricorda Enzo Jannacci con “Ciao Enzo”, una serie di eventi e iniziative a lui dedicati.
Tra queste la cerimonia ufficiale di intitolazione della Casa dell’Accoglienza di Viale Ortles 69 a Enzo Jannacci, accompagnata da “Se me lo dicevi prima”, un pomeriggio di festa all’interno della struttura aperto a tutti e gratuito, organizzato con la direzione artistica di Smemoranda dall’Assessorato alle Politiche sociali.
Il giardino della Casa dell'Accoglienza ospiterà un palco sul quale si alterneranno, tra le 14 e le 18, quaranta tra cantanti, attori, comici, disegnatori e registi per portare il proprio personale omaggio a Jannacci. Durante il pomeriggio, aperto anche ai più piccoli, ci saranno animazione, gelati, pop corn e zucchero filato, e si svolgerà un raccolta benefica di giocattoli da regalare ai bimbi ospiti delle case famiglia e delle comunità per i minori. Sarà in esposizione anche la mostra a fumetti "La mia gente" dedicata ai personaggi delle canzoni jannacciane interpretati dai più noti fumettisti italiani, nata in collaborazione con Scarp de’ tenis, il giornale di strada non profit che offre opportunità di lavoro e reinserimento ai senza dimora.
Gli organizzatori invitano i partecipanti a venire con i scarp de' tenis.
Presentazione evento di Nico, Gino e Michele con ringraziamento al Comune di Milano, agli artisti che non hanno potuto essere presenti e varie (invitano sul palco le emittenti: Radio Deejay con Andrea e Radio Popolare con Claudio Agostoni).
Conduzione affidata ai Boiler (Federico Basso, Gianni Cinelli e Davide Paniate) che nel corso del pomeriggio, in momenti diversi, inviteranno sul palco artisti e ospiti.
Prima parte
- Cochi Ponzoni con Paolo Belli e microband
- Vinicio Capossela
- Paolo Rossi
- Flavio Oreglio con Stefano Covri
- Enrico Bertolino
- Bebo Storti e Renato Sarti
- TekaP
- Ale&Franz
- Paolo Belli e microband
- Gianluca De Angelis con Silvio
- Davide Zilli
- Fabio Treves e Mauro Pagani con Alex Kid Gariazzo alla chitarra
Gli assessori Pierfrancesco Majorino e Filippo Del Corno con il Vicesindaco Ada Lucia De Cesaris e Paolo Jannacci per la cerimonia ufficiale.
Seconda parte
- Eugenio Finardi
- Folco Orselli
- Mario Lavezzi con Lorenzo Vizzini
- Marina Viola
- Ricky Gianco
- Diego Abatantuono
- Roberta Carrieri
- Bove e Limardi
- Oliviero Malaspina con Fabio Gallesi
Gran finale
tutti gli artisti accompagnati dai TekaP canteranno la versione tradizionale di El purtava i scarp del tenis
Durante tutto lo spettacolo saranno presenti suI palco i disegnatori Fabiano Ambu e Sergio Gerasi, due delle firme della mostra a fumetti “La mia gente”, che accompagneranno lo show disegnando dal vivo.
Progress reports on the Action Plan for Jobs 2015 have shown that 159 out of 192 actions scheduled for implementation in Q2 and Q3 2015 were delivered. The reports were published today.
Among the measures delivered are included:
Regions – published and started implementing regional jobs plans in so far 5 of the 8 regions, part of the €250million regional strategy, targeting delivery of a combined total of 127,000 extra jobs over the coming years (in the plans published so far)
Regions – launched a €10million initiative through the LEOs to support more start-up businesses in every county, and launched call for expressions of interest in €40million regional enterprise fund
Skills – rolled out an additional 1,061 places on core ICT courses at NFQ levels 8-9
Manufacturing – measures to support more manufacturing SMEs to improve productivity, including a €10million capital investment fund and a new LEAN programme – 15 companies have benefited so far; published a guide on manufacturing supports
R&D – launched the SFI Investigators Programme 2015, helping to develop a world-class research capability in STEM areas; approved additional funding for the National Institute for Bioprocess Research and Training (NIBRT) to invest in R&D in biologics drugs
Start-ups – €500k fund to attract international start-ups to Ireland, Start-Up Gathering programme of events across the country
Infrastructure – Government Capital Plan published, including €3billion of supports for enterprise
Making work pay – Low Pay Commission Report and Government response, Collective Bargaining and REA legislation passes all stages
Launched the Living Cities Initiative, aimed at rejuvenating eligible areas of Kilkenny, Galway, Waterford, Limerick, Cork and Dublin
Launched Eircode, the new National Post Code system
Finalised and published Enterprise 2025, 10-year strategic jobs plan
- See more at: www.merrionstreet.ie/en/News-Room/News/Action_Plan_for_Jo...
- Jordyn Jones Photo | Photo Published by Social Media: bit.ly/2EralOp Website: bit.ly/2FUAQ01 | Jordyn Jones Official Website: bit.ly/2Ds4XOR | Tags: #jordynjones #actress #model #singer #dancer #designer
This photograph was published in the Illustrated Chronicle on the 26th of January 1916.
During the Great War the Illustrated Chronicle published photographs of soldiers and sailors from Newcastle and the North East of England, which had been in the news. The photographs were sent in by relatives and give us a glimpse into the past.
The physical collection held by Newcastle Libraries comprises bound volumes of the newspaper from 1910 to 1925. We are keen to find out more about the people in the photographs. If you recognise anyone in the images and have any stories or information to add please comment below.
Copies of this photograph may be ordered from us, for more information see: www.newcastle.gov.uk/tlt Please make a note of the image reference number above to help speed up your order.
© sergione infuso - all rights reserved
follow me on www.sergione.info
You may not modify, publish or use any files on
this page without written permission and consent.
-----------------------------
Arrivato al suo 5° appuntamento Rock In Idrho è negli anni cresciuto molto, guadagnandosi a pieno diritto un posto tra i Festival Rock più importanti a livello europeo. Rock In Idrho è una garanzia quando si parla di musica live in Italia, infatti oltre ad aver portato nel nostro paese alcune delle più importanti band del mondo, è stato spesso trampolino di lancio per le nuove leve del panorama rock internazionale.
Due giorni indimenticabili di musica e divertimento che tingeranno di rock Milano il 13 giugno al Carroponte di Sesto San Giovanni (attenzione capienza limitata, consigliamo l’acquisto in prevendita!) e il 21 luglio all’Arena Rho Fiera che verrà configurata ad hoc per ospitare la nuova edizione del festival.
La Dispute sono una giovane band americana caratterizzata da un sound in bilico tra post-hardcore e screamo. Un’occasione unica per scoprire le canzoni del loro ultimo album “Wildlife”, uscito lo scorso ottobre.
Jordan Dreyer – lead vocals, tambourine, percussion
Chad Sterenberg – guitars, trumpet, glockenspiel, synthesizers, percussion, backing vocals
Kevin Whittemore – guitars, backing vocals
Adam Vass – bass, baritone guitar, additional guitars, backing vocals
Brad Vanger Lugt – drums, percussion, piano, keyboards, backing vocals
- Jordyn Jones Photo | Photo Published by Social Media www.facebook.com/jordynonline/photos/a.1786735354688154.1... | Website: www.jordynonline.com - www.jordynjonesofficial.com | Tags: #jordynjones #actress #model #singer #dancer #designer
Published in January 1894 by The Historical Publishing Company, author J. W. Buel, this book contains 300 photographs of every aspect of the fair.
The World's Fair: Columbian Exposition (also known as the Chicago World's Fair) was a world's fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' arrival in the New World in 1492. At the core of the fair was an area that quickly became known as the White City for its buildings with white stucco siding and its streets illuminated by electric lights.
Work progresses on the National Naval Medical Center, which is where the Walter Reed Army Medical Center is being merged into as part of the Base Realignment and Closure Act of 2005. This act requires, by law, that the merger be completed by September 2011.
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2009 07 xx - Used by Medical Center Station Access Improvement Study, published by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA)
Special thanks to Digital Photographer UK for publishing four of my photos in their COLOUR TIPS column and most especially to Ms Hayley Paterek of Imagine Publishing Corp.
This photo was published as the jacket image for the Portugese translation of Topographie idéale pour une agression caractérisée by Rachid Boudjedra in Brazil in 2008
Jerusalem engraved in stone at the old railway station
=
Published: www.ztis.cz/rubrika/z-domova/clanek/ministerstvo-skolstvi...
© sergione infuso - all rights reserved
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You may not modify, publish or use any files on
this page without written permission and consent.
-----------------------------
Meshuggah e High On Fire fanno tappa in Italia per ben due date: il 3 dicembre sono all’Alcatraz di Milano.
High On Fire (il cui frontman è Matt Pike degli Sleep) sono in tour con il loro ultimo lavoro intitolato "Luminifereous".
Gli High on Fire sono un gruppo musicale statunitense di Stoner/Doom metal. Formati da Matt Pike nel 1998 dopo lo scioglimento degli Sleep insieme al batterista Den Kensel ed all'amico chitarrista George Rice passò al basso. Il contratto con la Relapse Records li ha portati all'attenzione del pubblico mondiale divenendo in breve tempo uno dei gruppi principali dell'etichetta.
Matt Pike - chitarra, voce
Jeff Matz - basso
Des Kensel - batteria
File name: 10_07_000255a
Title: Old South Church in Boston [front]
Creator/Contributor:
Created/Published:
Date issued: ca. 1907-1915
Physical description: divided back postcard
Location: Boston Public Library, Print Department
Rights: No known restrictions.
Tasselled
Photographer: Shavonne Wong/Zhiffy Photography
Model: Diandra Forrest
Hair: Wade Lee
Makeup: Tatiana Ward
Assistant: Marcus Teo
Published On May 6, 1978
Freidnly -- Neighbors of Paul and Janet Olson used a sign to make clear their feelings about the temporary nextdoor visitor, President Carter, who spent the night. Crowd gathered Friday morning to greet Carter..
Jimmy Carter
My photograph of the Leonard's Bakery neon sign was featured in a special advertisement section in the September 4th issue of The New Yorker.
Black Extension
Published in Sunstar Live: November 30, 2012
Model: Chen Gabb
Designer: Bree L. Esplanada
MUA: Ryle Young
Styling: Bree L. Esplanada
Acce: Glamgal's Treasure
More of this set here and if you may, LIKE the page:
www.facebook.com/dextermanejaphoto
For photography inquiries and bookings:
call or txt: 09157930039(globe) / 09231478784(sun)
email: dheadconcepts@gmail.com
My photograph published in the HAIR & ART MAGAZINE, Tokyo, Japan.
Photo: A work by Tatsu Nishi in Bogotá Colombia. This work was included as one of the 10 works of 'Common Places' (Lugares Comunes), held by the Mayor of Bogotá' and the city's cultural agenda.
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Mi primera foto publicada en la revista japonesa HAIR & ART MAGAZINE. La foto hace parte de la exposición Lugares Comunes, en la que participaron 10 artistas en noviembre 2009 en Bogotá. Esta obra es del artista japonés Tatsu Nishi. Ver más en mi album LUGARES COMUNES en este Flickr.
The Postcard
A postally unused carte postale published by J. Revyn, 14 Rue du Canada, Bruxelles.
Dixmude
Dixmude (Flemish: Diksmuide) is a Belgian city in the Flemish province of West Flanders.
Most of the area west of the city is a polder riddled with drainage trenches. The major economic activity of the region is dairy farming, producing the famous butter of Diksmuide.
Dixmude in the Great War
At the outset of the Great War, German troops crossed the Belgian border near Arlon, then proceeded rapidly towards the North Sea to secure the French ports of Calais and Dunkirk.
The Battle of the Yser started in October 1914. At the end of October, the Belgians opened the floodgates holding back the River Yser and flooded the area, thereby temporarily stopping the Germans. As a result, the river became a front line throughout the First World War.
The city was first attacked on the 16th. October 1914 and defended by Belgian and French troops. This marked the beginning of the Battle of the Yser.
Colonel Alphonse Jacques led the troops that prevented Dixmude from being taken by the German Army. Despite the heavy Belgian losses, the press, politicians, literary figures and the military itself created propaganda which formed public opinion into making the action appear strategic and heroic.
By the time the fighting ended, Dixmude had been reduced to rubble. It was, however, completely rebuilt in the 1920's.
The 'Trench of Death' (Dutch: Dodengang), about 1.5 km (0.93 mi) from the centre of the city, preserves the trench setting where Belgian soldiers fought under very severe conditions until the final offensive of the 28th. September 1918. The trench presents a highly sanitised version of what the trench must have really been like during the hostilities.
L’Observateur
The following poem by Victor Burny was written at Dixmude, Belgium in 1915:
'Dominant les pres verts de son pays flamand,
L’observateur est là, posté dans la pénombre,
Scutant l’éclair lointain qui surgin et qui sombre
Sur le ciel tern et gris, à chaque éclatement.
Il surveille le tir et parle sourdement,
Ses ongles sont crispé dans la chaux des décombres,
Et ses yeux grands ouverts, comme des miroirs sombres
Sur un logis ruiné sont dardés fixement.
A sa voix, les canons aux soudaines rafales,
Secouant le terrain de décharges brutales,
Ont concentré leur feu, là-bas, à l’horizon.
Et l’humble observateur – ô cruelle ironie –
Doroge posément l’angoissante agonie
Des derniers pans de murs de sa vieille maison'.
Translation:
'The Observer'
'Scanning the green meadows of his Flemish homeland,
The observer is there, on duty in the gloomy light,
Watching the distant flash that threatens
The grey sky as each shell bursts.
He watches each salvo and speaks quietly,
His nails dig into the limestone rubble,
And his eyes, wide open, like dark mirrors,
Stare fixedly at the ruins of a house.
At his command, the guns with sudden bursts,
Make the earth tremble with their brutal discharges,
Concentrating their fire over there on the horizon.
And the humble observer - oh cruel irony -
Watches in agonised silence
As the last sections of walls of his old former home crumble'.
The Postcard
A postally unused carte postale that was published by C V. The card has a divided back.
The Monument
The Monument to Gustave Flaubert was created by Henri Chapu in 1890. It is housed in the Flaubert Museum and the History of Medicine in Rouen.
The museum is located in the Hôtel-Dieu pavilion where Gustave Flaubert was born, and where his father worked as a surgeon. The museum presents memories of the Flaubert family, and evokes the history of medicine from the Middle Ages to the beginning of the Twentieth century.
An important collection of ceramics, literature and old books can be found in this hospital museum.
Access to the permanent collections is free.
Rouen
Rouen is a city on the River Seine in northern France, and is relatively close to the English Channel. Formerly one of the largest and most prosperous cities of medieval Europe, the population of the metropolitan area is 702,945 (2018). People from Rouen are known as Rouennais.
“Upon approaching Rouen one is sure to be struck
by the insolent daring of its situation. Lying on a
sloping plain beside the river, it seems to disdain the
well-nigh impregnable site afforded by the steep cliffs
which rise just to the northeast.
The history of the city bears out the audacity of its
location. Through all the centuries, its inhabitants
concerned themselves so continuously in conquering
other peoples that little time was left in which to
consider the security of their own homes.”
-- Charles Hitchcock Sherrill, Stained Glass Tours in France (1908).
Rouen was the seat of the Exchequer of Normandy during the Middle Ages. It was one of the capitals of the Anglo-Norman dynasties, which ruled both England and large parts of modern France from the 11th. to the 15th. centuries.
From the 13th. century onwards, the city experienced a remarkable economic boom, thanks in particular to the development of textile factories and river trade. Claimed by both the French and the English during the Hundred Years' War, it was in Rouen that Joan of Arc was tried and burned alive.
Severely damaged by a wave of bombing in 1944, Rouen nevertheless regained its economic dynamism in the post-war period thanks to its industrial sites and busy seaport, which is the fifth largest in France.
Endowed with a prestige established during the medieval era, and with a long architectural heritage in its historical monuments, Rouen is an important cultural capital. Several renowned establishments are located here, such as the Museum of Fine Arts, the Secq des Tournelles Museum, and Rouen Cathedral.
“Perhaps the most characteristic feature of Rouen
when viewed from a distance is the great number
of its spires that shoot up above the housetops,
earning for it the sobriquet of the City of Churches.”
-- Charles Hitchcock Sherrill, Stained Glass Tours in France (1908).
Sadly not all of those churches are still there because of the ravages of war.
Seat of an archdiocese, Rouen also hosts a court of appeal and a university. Every four to six years, Rouen becomes the showcase for a large gathering of sailing ships called "L'Armada"; this event makes the city an occasional capital of the maritime world.
Rouen Cathedral
Rouen Cathedral was commenced in the 12th. Century on the site of an earlier structure. It has a Roman crypt.
The Butter Tower dates from the 16th. century. The name of the Tour de Beurre comes from the fact that butter was banned during Lent, and those who wished to carry on eating it had to donate 6 Deniers Tournois towards the building of the tower. Practically everyone in Rouen must have carried on eating butter in order to fund a tower like that!
The Victorian cast-iron Lantern Tower in the centre of the building made the cathedral the tallest building in the world from 1876 until 1880, when it was overtaken by Cologne Cathedral.
The Lantern Tower was designed by the architect Jean-Antoine Alavoine who proposed the use of cast iron, a modern material for the time, because it was less combustible than wood, and lighter than stone. The Lantern Tower took 50 years to construct. The 151 metre height of the spire still makes Rouen Cathedral the tallest cathedral in France.
The presence of a lantern tower at the crossing of the transept is a frequent feature in churches in Normandy (St. Ouen in Rouen, and Bayeux) and in England (Gloucester, Salisbury, and Winchester).
The lantern is in a bulge in the ironwork near the top of the spire, which is surmounted by a weathercock.
The Cathedral holds the heart of Richard the Lionheart. His bowels were buried within the church of the Château de Châlus-Chabrol in the Limousin. The cathedral seems to have got the better end of that particular deal!
Claude Monet painted a series of studies of the cathedral's façade 1894. Roy Lichtenstein also made a series of pictures of the front of the building.
The Cathedral has had to put up with a lot of wilful destruction during its lifetime:
- The Calvinists damaged much of what they could easily reach during the religious wars of the 16th. Century - the furniture, tombs, stained glass and statuary.
- The French State nationalised the building in the 18th. Century, and sold some of its furniture and statues to make money. The chapel fences were melted down to make guns.
- In WW2 the Cathedral was first bombed in 1944, taking 7 bombs. The bombs narrowly missed destroying a key pillar of the Lantern Tower, but damaged most of the south aisle, and destroyed two medieval rose windows. One of the bombs was fortunately a dud and failed to explode.
- As a consequence of a subsequent WW II bombing, the north tower, on the left of the façade, was entirely burned. During the fire the stonework calcified and the bells melted, leaving molten metal on the floor. The cathedral is still being restored after the extensive damage incurred during World War II.
Also, during the violent storm of December 1999, a copper-clad wooden turret weighing 26 tons fell into the Cathedral and damaged the choir and the stalls. The three other turrets were removed for maintenance and safety purposes before being replaced in 2012.
The Execution of Jeanne d'Arc
Jeanne d'Arc was executed not far from the Cathedral in the Vieux-Marché on Wednesday the 30th. May 1431.
The famous depiction of 19 year old Joan of Arc's execution showing her on top of a pile of wood and straw is wrong.
The site for her execution comprised a stake at the centre of a large ring of wood, with a gap left for Joan to be led to the stake. Once she was tied to the stake and the gap closed, she was hidden from sight.
One authority has suggested that her body would have burnt in the following sequence: calves, thighs and hands, torso and forearms, breasts, upper chest and face.
However in all likelihood she would have died from heatstroke, loss of blood plasma and carbon dioxide poisoning before the fire attacked the upper parts of her body.
After Jeanne had expired, the English exposed her charred body so that no-one could claim that she had escaped alive, then burned her body twice more to reduce it to ashes in order to prevent the collection of relics.
They then cast her remains into the Seine.
A modern church now stands on the site of her execution.