View allAll Photos Tagged Predictable

I find it almost impossible to capture these guys in flight, especially when they're feeding over water. Very hard to focus, way too unpredictable, and very hard to fill the frame. One way to improve my chances were to find a mating pair. While the female was perched on an ugly telephone wire, the male's flying became much more predictable!

She is a paradox, a puzzle...

She is faithful and yet detached, she is committed and yet relaxed...

She loves everybody and yet no one, she is sociable and yet solitary...

She is gentle and yet tough, she is passionate and yet platonic...

In short, she is predictable in her inpredictability...

 

Details:

LILAROZEN.COM

A pair of Housatonic GP35s leads NX-12 southward through the village of Housatonic, MA on its trip back to Canaan, CT. At the time it was hard to go wrong with shooting this line as every operating engine on the property except the 22 was wearing HRRC colors and the CSX interchange in Pittsfield was much more predictable. Things today are not as convenient but with one GP35 currently out for rebuild, there is hope.

Sometimes, I do appreciate the cosiness and predictability of the village. You could live in places a lot worse than this one.

A female American Avocet lands in a marshy Alberta lake. Such poise, such beauty, such grace!

 

I'm very late posting today - spent most of yesterday shooting a prairie auction, then dinner with friends, then four hours sleep, then up this morning at 4 a.m. for a dawn outing to our nearby national park with my cinematographer pal, George Tsougrianis.

 

I'll do what it takes to get the shot, and it was all great fun. I hope to become a little more predictable, however, over the next few days. When I was young I could carry on like this for weeks, but nothing lasts forever, including attributes like stamina and the rate of rebound from erratic behaviour :-)

 

Photographed at Pakowki Lake, Alberta (Canada). Don't use this image on websites, blogs, or other media without explicit permission ©2023 James R. Page - all rights reserved.

The Cliche Saturday Pumpkin & Tendril

No explanation needed to explain how predictably cliché I can be!

 

Better bigger, here.

Again, with sincere apologies to Scottish artist Jack Vettriano, I present his work "The Billy Boys" with a slight and somewhat predictable addition.

 

Jack Vettriano

A very special visitor to the Bay Area and the Ardenwood fountain. This was one of the most reliable birds I've ever seen return on a time table and predictable pattern. We all had a great day seeing this and a bonus bird, Plumbeous Vireo! Days like this don't come often but when they do, it is magic!

Old Faithful is a cone geyser located in Wyoming, in Yellowstone National Park in the United States. Old Faithful was named in 1870 during the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition and was the first geyser in the park to receive a name.[3][4] It is one of the most predictable geographical features on Earth, erupting almost every 63 minutes. The geyser, as well as the nearby Old Faithful Inn, is part of the Old Faithful Historic District.

"A single crocus blossom ought to be enough to convince our heart that springtime, no matter how predictable, is somehow a gift, gratuitous, gratis, a grace." - David Steindl-Rast

 

Crazy Tuesday - theme of March 5th, 2019 - Flowers / Flores

 

woodland crocus (Crocus tommasinianus) - the white bubbly bokeh in the background are snowdrops :)

 

Sadly no time these days for my favourite hobby - so this picture is about a fortnight old.

 

Happy Flower-Crazy Tuesday everyone !!

 

I will be browsing later in the evening (due to work - as always ;)

 

* * * * * * * * * *

Frühlingsgemälde

für die Gruppe Crazy Tuesday - Thema: Blumen

 

Kleine Elfen-Krokusse - und auch ein paar Schneeglöckchen sind im Hintergrund mit viel Phantasie zu erahnen (ja, das weiß-beige Bubble-Bokeh ;)

 

Ich wünsche eine schöne Vorfrühlingswoche (hoffentlich ohne weiteren Sturm)

“HEARTWORK

 

Each day is born with a sunrise

and ends in a sunset, the same way we

open our eyes to see the light,

and close them to hear the dark.

You have no control over

how your story begins or ends.

But by now, you should know that

all things have an ending.

Every spark returns to darkness.

Every sound returns to silence.

And every flower returns to sleep

with the earth.

The journey of the sun

and moon is predictable.

But yours,

is your ultimate

ART.”

― Suzy Kassem

For my video; youtu.be/XTVIeUeUrEs,

 

Two images merged.

 

Old Faithful is a cone geyser in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, United States. It was named in 1870 during the Washburn–Langford–Doane Expedition and was the first geyser in the park to be named. It is a highly predictable geothermal feature and has erupted every 44 minutes to two hours since 2000. The geyser and the nearby Old Faithful Inn are part of the Old Faithful Historic District.

 

Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone,

Three River Junction, Wyoming, United States

A huge cold front bringing strong Bura winds and arctic temperatures forced us to shorten our vacation on Cres island and leave earlier than expected to avoid getting stuck there for days. Here’s a view of nearby Krk island and a snowy Northern Velebit mountain range in the background as we were rushing to the ferry terminal before the predictable block that usually occurs with severe weather conditions.

 

Thanks for looking.

 

I ended up in a small village, very English, with its safety, its predictability, its traditions (some old, but mostly pretty recent) and its provinciality. I am one of the "incomers" (most of the villagers actually are), a stranger and, being cosmopolitan too, I am perhaps regarded with polite suspicion. You cannot have it all. There is one High Street and, up Wesley Road, is the Methodist church. The Anglicans and Baptists are here too; and so are the New Age Spiritualists, but the overwhelming denomination is the secular one. There is no mental space here for Christian Agnostics. You cannot have it all. But you can live here in the safety of the village. They accept a couple of eccentrics.

Classic Negative film simulation; edited in raw converter 3 and refined in Luminar 4.

Located in the Lower Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park, this is the only predictable geyser in this basin.

 

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Fountain_Geyser

 

Others from this trip are in the Album www.flickr.com/photos/thadz/albums/72157660032324601

A resident wader bird sighted through the year in fields, edges of waterbodies and in the countryside. They are one of the larger lapwings and a full adult is around 35 cms long. They are very easy to id and quite distinctive in plumage, color and patten of flight.

 

We refer to these as "alarm birds" since they scream out loud when we get closer to other birds during photography alerting them often. The birds are also a common prey of raptors since they are easy to target and have a predictable flight pattern. They nest on the ground in the fields and the chicks are often targes of Black Kites, Foxes, dogs and even raptors. But they do breed in large numbers and hence sighting a chick isn't hard.

 

In this scene, I suspect a mongoose was nearby and Mongoose often attack birds and chicks (in summers) - so the Lapwing immediately flew, dive bombed and screamed alerting all the other birds in the vicinity.

 

Many thanks in advance for your views, faves and feedback.

A common sight in Japan. Although it needs some natural environment, public parks with lakes are okay for it. A water bird, often flies low near the water surface, giving a nice background. Movements are relatively predictable and easy to photograph. Taken at Shakujii park.

 

日本では普通に見える鳥。自然環境は必要だけど、普段の池がある公園でも充分。水鳥であり、低く飛ぶ時は良くあるので、写真の背景は面白くなる。割と予測できる動きで撮りやすい。石神井公園での撮影。

Continuing exploration of enlarging lenses. El-Nikkor 50mm f2.8 has few advantages. It is fast (for EL), easy to adapt (39mm thread mount), htere is hufeamount produced so it is cheap and it is easy to fing good one. It is sharp, very sharp, gives nice flat field, predictable Nikon colours.

But somehow I am missing something. Surprise maybe.

Old Faithful is a cone geyser located in Wyoming, in Yellowstone National Park in the United States. Old Faithful was named in 1870 during the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition and was the first geyser in the park to receive a name. It is one of the most predictable geographical features on Earth, erupting almost every 63 minutes (source: Wikipedia).

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark-eyed_junco

 

These are hard to attract to a feeder predictably, in that they are essentially ground feeders, and thrive on the leftovers of the other birds above them, or just randomly on all the goodies in the grass, on the ground or sidewalk. For a while, I've been sprinkling some treats on the tabletop which protects my Bluejay feeding station, but today is the first time I got to photograph in good light a Junco feeding there. I didn't want to sprinkle anything on the deck or ground near the house in fear of feeding mice...

Living near a rainforest, each February, from @ the 6th, to the 20th, global warming arrives.........

Every so often I need a Point Reyes infusion. When this happens, I wheel out my archives and predictably the first image that catches my eye is of the old shipwrecked trawler that slumbers along the shore of Tomales Bay in Inverness.

 

Here's wishing everyone a safe and happy 4th of July.

 

Inverness CA

Walk With the View.

At Lawrence Hall of Science, a museum in the hills above Berkeley, looking west to predictably great views!

Maybe, dreaming of India.

26/30: April 2019: A month in 30 pictures

 

A real struggle to find some inspiration today, some days are just like that. So I realise I am getting very predictable and I really don't know how I managed three 365's.

The box of pins is from my recent trip to the V&A museum...how could I resist them?

Please, View On Black

 

I will be avoiding many of My favorite haunts for the next month or so...It's Alligator mating season....the usually predictable and tolerant creatures become very territorial and aggressive, and totally unpredictable.

 

I respect their right to privacy!!!!

As it’s name suggests, darters dart about which makes them an absolute nightmare to shoot in flight. Perched they are very approachable and easy to photograph even with high magnification macro lenses. I often find them on fences etc, but in flight it is challenging. I’ve taken shots in the past of them just after take off, but they often look like it sounds. In full flight they move in un-predictable patterns. This shot was a lucky moment where for a couple of seconds he flew in a straight line. Taken handheld using manual focus. Next year I hope to try again but get a bit closer.

I was in Norfolk (as I often am) and I give you (as I often do) boats.

 

I am appallingly predictable, as I have confessed before.

  

I find it almost impossible to capture these guys in flight, especially when they're feeding over water. Very hard to focus, way too unpredictable, and very hard to fill the frame. One way to improve my chances were to find a mating pair. While the female was perched on an ugly telephone wire, the male's flying became much more predictable!

6 months after the formation of Conrail ,its still business as usual on the ex PC/PRR Allegheny Division. In fact unless you noticed the extra blue CR cabin head out on the coal train, there is no clue this isn't a PC shot.

 

A visit to MO Tower in Cresson finds a friendly operator who was open to allowing us to hang out in and around the tower and and watch the action. ( It was very different in those days...)

 

With one track westward out of service beyond MO due to trackwork, the operator was busy writing train orders and scrambling to align the switches.

 

As fast the DS could set up moves ,he changed them .Coal drags are steady revenue but not as hot as Intermodals.

 

The DS ordered the operator to hold the coal drag and put MAIL-9 around him at MO at the last minute causing the engineer to have some choice words as the westward Home signal dropped in his face.

 

MAIL 9 wasted no time in taking the high speed cross overs at the allowed 35 mph and accelerating past the tower loudly. The vibration shook the old building and unfortunately it was a sign of sad things to come.

( Years later CR had agreed to preserve the MO Tower building at one point when the interlocking was remoted , but efforts to preserve and move the old wooden structure resulted in it collapsing.

 

Sadly this day would be my first and last time at MO, and I would not return to CP MO until 2015. Life is like a river and the flow of time around people and places is never predictable.

 

MO Tower Cresson PA Mainline Harrisburg to Pittsburg Allegheny Division Central Region CR 1976

  

I managed a few acceptable moose images during our latest trip despite very poor timing for that trip on my part.

 

I should have known to check the calendar for hunting season, but I failed to do so...arriving in moose country during the first few days of bow hunting. There is a forest road in north central Colorado that is one of my "go to" places for moose photography. It's not uncommon to spot a dozen bulls or more along that road in just an hour or two.

 

Predictably, such an area is a huge magnet for hunters. They weren't all moose hunters, as the area also has a lot of elk and mule deer. On the day of our arrival in the area, instead of a lot of moose, we were greeted by one hunter camp after another. The only moose we saw was the head and antlers of a massive bull in the back of a pickup truck.

 

We hastily departed that area and started looking elsewhere, with less concentration of hunters. Fortunately, we found a few bulls and cows widely scattered through other areas.

 

As for the guy in the pickup with the moose head in the back...I'd better keep those thoughts to myself.

 

Hello my amazing Flickr friends !!

Today is a blue day at Color My World Daily and we have another awesome theme at Looking Close on Friday: look twice. We have to create a diptych with two views of the same object. In my case, it is a very predictable diptych. My subject is Mr. Egg so it is very, very foreseeable. As you can see, a flying egg will eventually end up broken… The gravity is such a predictable force in this universe. So it is a very predictable diptych indeed. I hope you will like it but that is not predictable !!!

 

Mucho, mucho amor for you !!

 

Thank you so much for all your lovely comments / favs/ general support / happy thoughts!! Stay safe and well!! And see you soon on Flickr !

 

FYI: I’m very busy at work and at home so I will not be able to answer your comments… So comment at your own risks ! However, I will read everything for sure !

What will you take from me next?

The skin off my bark?

The root of all evil?

A leaf thief for all to see?

A crown brought down

The heartwood of the matter

 

What will you use?

An axe, a saw, a predictable lack of awe

A new anti environment law

An infestation across the nation

Thousands of scrapes of initials

Of lovers on vacation

 

It is a lie to believe

People are more important than trees

A branch of knowledge I’ll bequeath

You need us, you see

Just wait until we all vanish

And you cannot breathe

 

**All poems and photos are coprighted**

 

THE ANIMAL CRUSADE

 

One day all the sties and burrows opened

And out came the cave-bear the mammoth the seafaring

cormorant, that poetic diving bird, the white-headed vulture

the rock-goat from the mountains, the sea unicorn

You could see by their snouts that they meant business

You could hear by their flapping wings and their burr

They had thrown off their humility, cast down their yoke

once imposed by Adam’s secretive hero

the one with the garden

They were, to cut a long story short, fed up

And the morals of the shotgun had been cast off

the flayed skin of flight had faded

The viper walked tall and the swine wore polaroid glasses

that lent him pleasant looks. The beavers

gnawed down telegraph poles and so cut off any form of communication

Predictably enough, the lion led the way black black

as black gold and gold-coloured as deep black

It was a magnificent procession, blinding to the eye

At the back the unicorn reported as missing, the dodo the passenger pigeon

as well as various viruses and the elated spermatozoids

So the holy animals

travelled the holy world

 

And do you know how or why?

Oh no, they just went travelling, they didn’t have a flag!

Sometimes ripped up laws out of sheer happiness

or bled a city dry

Now and then trampled on a Jesus

or struck down a prophet or a princess

They were beginning to get tired

Haste no longer necessary

The one day’s deities left the fire

 

H.H. ter Balkt

  

Translation: Willem Groenewegen

       

Well in the days of working for a living, any mention of things like planning committee meetings would have had me quivering in my shoes and sweating in anticipation as I searched for the exits. But these days it just means that the three of us are convening to take pictures at the coast before washing away our poor compositions with something warm and hoppy. Much more like it. The planning? Oh yes, we’re off to Dartmoor again soon to take photographs up on the moors and down in the dells for a few days. And then there’s that East Anglia winter adventure that’s currently threatening to germinate into reality from the seed of inspiration in Lee’s brain. Where shall we go to discuss these lofty notions? How about Holywell Bay on a Monday evening? Something for everyone. Lee can hide up on the dunes and point his long lens at unknowing subjects as they walk their dogs across the beach. Dave can find beauty in a clump of maram grass that nobody else can see. And I can potter about on the sand looking for suitable lead ins towards the sea. Perfect.

 

Remember a few months ago when we gathered at Godrevy? Probably not. I don’t think either of the other two produced an image from that outing. Not one that they shared, anyway. Dave had disappeared off towards a gully to try and photograph the waves swishing through it and wasn’t seen until some time later. Lee was using a new camera for the first time - one that in time honoured tradition he’s already moved on in favour of his recent bargain basement Pentax acquisition. It’s nineteen years old and has barely been used. Apparently you have to wind it up with a big brass key and hide under a black curtain to get it working. It only has a few more pixels than my last film camera did. Along with the Pentax he picked up a similarly economical lens and is currently having a lovely honeymoon period with his new set up. One man, one camera, one lens. Will he still have it by the time we set off for Dartmoor at the end of August, or will he have replaced it with an Instamatic? Only time will tell.

 

Ok in the last paragraph I wandered off topic completely. I’ll try again. That Godrevy gathering at the end of April was the last time we’d met before this evening at Holywell Bay. Every so often I try to rouse the troops, but standard procedure is for one of them to be chirpy and enthusiastic while the other may have expired for all we know. Both of them are able to swap over and adopt either of these polar opposite roles at any given time, and after a while I generally give up and move on. But just now and again, the stars align and both of them land on their heads as they get out of bed in the morning and start displaying intentions to renew acquaintanceships with cameras. And now was one of these rare occasions. Besides which, we'd booked an AirBnB in Tavistock and it might be a good time to start talking about what we want to take pictures of when we get there.

 

And so we went to Holywell Bay, where roles were strangely reversed. It was Dave who took pot shots of beach strollers from high up on the dunes, while Lee found foregrounds in the sand. I’m a sucker for the latter at this beach, so at least one of us remained true to form; intransigent and dully predictable, with no Plan B. But I like how much variety there is on this beach, even when I’m using the same formula most of the time. Every low tide is different from the last. You just have to find a suitable patch of interesting looking sand without any footprints on it. And this evening there was a hint of colour in the sky too.

 

At the end of the evening, by which point the sun had disappeared behind the obligatory bank of low cloud that was sitting on the horizon and refusing to budge, we opened three bottles of Dartmoor Ale and toasted the forthcoming trip.

41/365

 

Another high key still life...at least I'm predictable. I thought I'd continue in the red and white heart theme as it's approaching Valentine's day.

本当は青春〇〇切符w

  

とっても素敵な場所ですた!!

 

maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Predictable/123/48/34

Having recovered from surgery for severe belly lacerations, Roger Rabbit is back in action. This is so typical for Jasper. He'll set the toy on the edge of the couch and then rest his chin on it, starting at us until we make a move. He's predictable and lovable.

The Strawberry Full Moon name comes from the Algonquin tribes of North America because the June full moon was a sign for them to begin harvesting wild strawberries.

 

As the moon, Earth, and the sun go through their orbital dance, the part of the moon that's illuminated by sunlight moves in and out of our view, creating a predictable series of lunar phases. In any given month we see eight distinct phases of the moon, defined by how much of the lunar disk is illuminated from our perspective and whether the moon is heading toward or away from being full.

 

This image was taken on June 17th from our backyard.

 

Equipment:

Astro-Tech AT80EDT f/6 ED Triple Refractor Telescope

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Computerized GoTo Telescope Mount

Orion 50mm Helical Guide Scope & StarShoot AutoGuider

ZWO ASI294MC Pro Color Camera

Orion 38mm clear-aperture Field Flattener

SharpCap Pro

 

Thank you for your comments,

 

Gemma

 

Same title, same kind of car, same location, same day of the week and similar shot as one from 2012. Oh, car week. Predictable yet unpredictable.

youtu.be/4Qxu_MITvgc

70807 runs along the sea wall at Dawlish with the 0717 Moorswater to Aberthaw cement empties. The presence of the working platform for the sea wall modifications is causing some interest locally and is providing a nice backdrop to an otherwise predictable scene.

Blue Dasher laying eggs at Kardon Park in Pennsylvania.

 

Capturing dragonflies in flight is a fun challenge, but is much easier when you find one, such as this female laying eggs with a more predictable flight pattern.

 

2020_06_29_EOS 7D Mark II_5134-Edit_V1

A simple abstract from marine lake, I liked the colour and lines that are compressed using the telephoto lens. I get this won’t be everybody’s cup of tea, but let your gaze come this way for a while and contemplate the future

  

Untapped, is what I think when I think about the potential of wave and tidal power, as a green soloution it has to be up there, so much more consistent and predictable than wind that we all seem to be well into at the moment, I suppose submerged turbines wouldn’t be such a visible symbol, and I wonder if that has any bearing on the amount of investment that we put into a technology that works only when the wind chooses to blow.

 

This just down the road and upstream from the Crosby beach.

  

Comments, faves and constructive crit., always very welcome, graphics not preferred

 

Press L to view in Lightbox

 

Beautiful Surprise - I made a trip out to the coast to look for weasels. No weasels, but I spent 2 hours with this beautiful, cooperative adult Red-shouldered Hawk who was hunting insects. Never had such clean, good looks of an adult of this species. This particular individual had particularly beautiful plumage, so I was especially grateful.

 

It was a challenge photographing this guy since unlike larger raptors that I am accustomed to photographing in flight, he gave no trigger movements before taking off and would just drop off and land a few feet away - too close to focus. I actually had to move back and position myself to the side of the path to give myself more time to anticipate. While I have a very sore shoulder after this shot, this hawk's predictable behavior and comfort level with me allowed for this shot.

 

This is the first image I thought I'd share, many more to come!

 

Species: Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus)

Location: Northern California, CA, USA

Equipment: Canon EOS R5 + EF 100-400mm IS II + EF 1.4x III Extender

Settings: 1/1600s, ISO: 1250, f/8 @560mm, Handheld, Electronic Shutter

Akköy, Denizli / Türkiye

Fotoğrafların tamamı lisanslıdır. Fotoğrafları satın almak isteyenler talipcetin@gmail.com e-posta adresine yazabilir. Lisans hakları devredilir.

All photos are licensed. Those who want to buy the photos can write to talipcetin@gmail.com. License rights are transferred.

 

Pamukkale, which has been used as a spa since the second century BC, literally means “cotton castle” in Turkish.

 

The travertine features have their origins in the shifting of a fault in the valley of the Menderes river (between here and Denizli). As the fault shifted, very hot springs with a very high mineral content (notably chalk) arose at this location. Apart from the slightly radioactive minerals, the calcium and hydrogen carbonate react to create calcium carbonate (also known as travertine) and limestone. This is what gives Pamukkale its whiteness and created the pools. The Travertines of Pamukkale are a set of bizarre calcium cliff bathing pools overlooking the town of Pamukkale.

 

Many years ago, Greeks and Romans discovered the curative properties of the warm mineral springs that are found in Pamukkale. Predictably, these springs attracted droves of tourists to the place, but not only to seek therapeutic comforts. But also to see the magnificence of the hardened calcium bicarbonate cascading over the cliffs.

 

Known as the Cotton Cliffs, it is a famous and stunning calcium structure that earned a UNESCO World Heritage Site title in the 1970s.

 

World heritage site

Pamukkale is recognized as a World Heritage Site together with Hierapolis. Hierapolis-Pamukkale was made a World Heritage Site in 1988. It is a tourist attraction due to this status and its natural beauty.

 

The underground volcanic activity which causes the hot springs also forced carbon dioxide into a cave, which was called the Plutonium, which here means “place of the god Pluto”. This cave was used for religious purposes by priests of Cybele, who found ways to appear immune to the suffocating gas.

 

Protecting the thermal waters

The hotels built in the 1960s were demolished as they were draining the thermal waters into their swimming pools and caused damage to the terraces.The water supply to the hotels is restricted in an effort to preserve the overall site and to allow deposits to regenerate. Access to the terraces is not allowed and visitors are asked to follow the pathway.

This image was taken near the end of an eruption and shows more steam than water.

 

Old Faithful is one of nearly 500 geysers in Yellowstone and one of six that park rangers can currently predict. The intervals between eruptions vary from 50 to 110 minutes on average, but that doesn’t make the famous geyser less predictable. The length of an eruption impacts the interval between eruptions, helping park rangers know when to expect them. In the 1960s, the average interval between eruptions was 66 minutes, quite a bit shorter than today’s 91 minutes. The change may result from earthquake activity, changes to the water table, climate change, or human activities like water diversion and construction projects.

 

Thanks for stopping by and for all of your kind comments, awards and faves -- I appreciate them all.

 

© Melissa Post 2019

macro / water, leaves, spoon / found object

 

youtu.be/6lYuqiHYwDY?si=aUhFgf2_hDTP3v5y

 

Remembering: Professor Fred Woell

"Art, like life, is a challenge. It challenges all our resources, mentally and physically. It can't be predictably created from a linear didactic formula. It eludes methodology, technology, or ritual. It is, like life, more about being human, being vulnerable, being imperfect, and about things unexplainable. It is not a science. Art is about surprise, about the unexpected, about letting go and risking. It is about taking steps towards places where there may not be any footholds, and falling and failing.” – J. Fred Woell (2)

 

www.metalmuseum.org/post/2018/04/19/inside-the-collection...

Totally cliché, totally predictable, totally touristy.... but it had to be done. This glass ceiling by Dale Chihuly really is quite lovely.

 

---------------------------

Please don't use this image on websites, blogs or other media

without my explicit permission.

© All rights reserved

----------------------------

1 2 3 5 7 ••• 79 80