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Peul (Fulani, Fulbe, Fula) herdsmen with traditional wide-brimmed fibre-and-leather conical hats meet at the weekly market in front of Djenné's Great Mosque. A colourful multiethnic gathering of herders and traders converges at the mosque from the surrounding regions and fertile flood plains of the Niger River inland delta in central Mali. Digital film scan, Asahi Pentax Spotmatic, shot directly under the noonday sun, circa 1976.
The Great Mosque of Djenné towers over the market in a seemingly apocalyptic backdrop on this day. The mosque is considered the world’s largest adobe building and one of the greatest achievements of Sudano-Sahelian architecture, unique to the semi-arid Sahel zone that stretches across northern Africa just south of an encroaching Sahara.
These Peul herdsmen are likely from the class of “free nobles” (mostly nomadic herders, religious and political leaders, some tradesmen and sedentary cultivators) at the top of a highly stratified caste-based Peul society.
Ethnographers distinguish this class from lower-tiered occupational groups or “castes” (griot story tellers and song-praisers, artisans, blacksmiths, potters, woodworkers, dress makers) and descendants of slaves (labourers, brick makers, house builders).
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Postrscript - The enchanting Arabian Nights imagery emanating out of this ancient marketplace at the time if this photo shoot (1976) is reminiscent of a seemingly bygone Sahelian era devoid of smartphones, credit cards and packaged safari tours.
Nowadays, nascent tourism is on hold and easy access to markets, pastures and farmlands is hampered as ethnic strife and inter-communal violence continue to erupt under a fragile or failed Malian state with a troubled history of military coups.
The current military junta relies on mercenaries from the private Russian-backed Wagner Group for its security needs, coinciding with the recent French withdrawal of troops from the region. By providing protection to the Malian military regime, the Moscow-centered paramilitary group has increased its power and access to Mali's scarce natural resources.
In 2018, Human Rights Watch reported that the Mopti region of central Mali has become an epicentre of inter-rethnic conflict, fuelled by a steady escalation of violence by armed Islamist groups largely allied with Al Qaeda’s advance from the north since 2015.
Recruitment to the militant Islamist movement from Peul pastoral herding communities has inflamed tensions within sedentary agrarian communities (Bambara, Dogon, Tellem, Bozo and others) who rely on access to agricultural lands for their livelihood.
Predominantly Muslim but opposing ethnic self-defence militias on both sides have been formed for the protection of their own respective communities. This has contributed to a continuous cycle of violent attacks and reprisals touching villages and hamlets, pastures and farmlands, and some marketplaces.
While communal tensions are profoundly connected to a larger ethnopolitical conflict unfolding in northern Mali, chronic insecurities around the ancient town of Djenné and in the broader central regions of Mali are exacerbated by longstanding indigenous concerns over a struggle for scarce natural resources - agricultural land for settled farmers versus water and grazing land for semi-nomadic Peul herdsmen.
Efforts at mediation in the area around Djenné and the grand mosque include a Humanitarian Agreement specifically among Bambara and Bozo farmers, Dogan "hunters" protecting farmers' interests and Peul herders, all committed to guaranteeing the freedom of movement of people, goods and livestock in the "Circle of Djenné" situated in the Mopti region of central Mali.
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Social Documentary | Documentary Portraiture | Lonely Planet | National Geographic
I love the color
For my photography club assignment, we are to do photojournalism in three photos, one 8X10 and two 4X6. He said most photojournalist work in black and white. so I don't know if I wll be able to use this series, color is part of this.
I have been singing praises about the Iphone virtues as a visual creativity tool for a long time now, but can the Iphone be useful in reportage of current events too?
On the press motorcade with Pres. Nixon in Ohio.
I don't usually post images that are not my own photos, but am making an exception because this photographer has meant so much to me. But not in the usual way. Later in his career, Light became a professor of photojournalism at the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism. From 2000-2011, I was working as a web developer/programmer at the J-School, and I was lucky enough to share a converted boiler room / office with Light.
Unfortunately, I wasn't much into photography at the time, but something about the time I spent with him there rubbed off on me. We had rollicking conversations about the effect of the internet on culture, and about photographic ethics. I was able to attend his classes just a few times, and remember how careful he was to drill into his students the danger of "the slippery slope" once you start editing photos in ways that couldn't be done in an old-fashioned darkroom.
Anyway, it would be amazing to be able to hang out with him again now that I know my way around a bit better, to learn more.
Light is an original, and I'm happy to know him.
Greek Minister for the Interior Prokopis Pavlopoulos,greeted at the secretariat of women's affairs function hall banquet of the governing political party,Nea Demokratia.Athens,Greece.
Officer Baconworthy: "Put down the megaphone."
James: "It's not illegal to use a megaphone."
Officer Baconworthy: "Yes it is; you need a permit to use it."
James: "We tried applying for a permit but West Des Moines city hall told us it was not required." (True story, as the megaphone is a 10 watt device, and devices that require a permit are 50+ watt amplifiers.)
Officer Baconworthy: "You can either put down the megaphone, or you can go to jail."
We, of course, did not go to jail, but continued using the megaphone. This prompted two more cops to show up, who again failed to take us to jail.
Photograph by Wesley Norman. (5/16/10)
Tricky photo opportunity.
Driving to work, morning mist and sunshine.
Don’t want to be late for work, don’t want to get run over by traffic but want to capture the awesome view.
Cracow is one of the most poluted cities in Europe. There are about 20 000 of stoves in Cracow and 2 times more in surroundings. The city has launched an exchange program of stoves. Heating coal and wood will be banned in 2019.