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Firuzağa Camii kapısının iki kanadı. Biri sabit, diğeri kullanılıyor. "İşleyen demiş, ışıldıyor ..." ama işleyen ahşap kararmış. İkisi de hayatın içinde oldukça güzel.
Gazi Husrev-beg Mosque
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
LocationSarajevo
AffiliationIslam
Architectural description
Architect(s)Mimar Sinan
Architectural typeMosque
Completed1531
Specifications
Dome(s)1
Dome height (outer)26 m
Minaret(s)1
Minaret height47 m
The Gazi Husrev-beg Mosque (Bosnian: Gazi Husrev-begova Džamija, Turkish: Gazi Hüsrev Bey Camii), is a mosque in the city of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is considered the most important Islamic structures in the country and one of the world's finest examples of Ottoman Architecture. It is located in the Baščaršija neighborhood in the Stari Grad municipality, and remains one of the most popular centers of worship in the city.
The Gazi Husrev-beg Mosque was built by the famous Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan, who would later go on to build the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne for the Sultan Selim I. The mosque was financed in 1531 by Gazi Husrev-beg, the provincial governor of Bosnia. Gazi Husrev-beg is widely considered Sarajevo's greatest patron, as he financed much of Sarajevo's old city at this time.
Magnificent stalactite ornamentation in the angles under the dome and in the place where the Imam leads the prayers, as well as other polychromatic decoration, valuable carpets and the light effects through the 51 windows produces a sense of greater space than there is in reality. At every time of prayer in this mosque, the great benefactor Gazi Husrev-beg is remembered.
In his legacy, he stated: "Good deeds drive away evil, and one of the most worthy of good deeds is the act of charity, and the most worthy act of charity is one which lasts forever. Of all charitable deeds, the most beautiful is one that continually renews itself."[1]
Gazi Husrev-beg also built the same mosque called Hüsreviye Mosque in Aleppo, Syria, between 1531 and 1534.
[edit]Destruction and reconstruction
During the Siege of Sarajevo, Serbian forces purposely targeted many centers of the city's culture and fired from them at large, such as museums, libraries, and mosques. As the largest and most well known, the Beg's mosque was an obvious target. Heavily damaged in the war, it was renovated in 1996 with foreign help. Haverford College Professor Michael A. Sells has accused the renovators (whose money came in large part from Saudi Arabia) of Wahhabism in the mosque. Prior to reconstruction, the interior was far more intricate, but today the walls are simply white, much of the detail, artistry, and color taken out.[2] Complete restoration and re-painting of mosque began in 2000. It has been done mainly by Hazim Numanagić, a Bosnian calligrapher.
This is one of the earliest Ottoman mosques we saw (completed in 1414 under Mehmet I). It's interesting because Edirne is on the European side, but was conquered before Constantinople, which fell in 1453.
This front portico at the main entrance is what, in later mosque architecture, was expanded into a whole courtyard. (More on the architecture here.)
To orient you, just at the left of the photo you can see the doorway into the mosque interior; I'm standing in front of the door looking to my right down the portico.
I believe the huge calligraphy on the wall says "Al'lah," which means "God." If I am mistaken please let me know.
(I don't read Arabic but my mom told me before I left--"the thing that looks like 'wi'--that says God." I have no idea how my mother knew this!)
Eminönü İlçesi’nde, Vezneciler semti 16 Mart Şehitleri Caddesi üzerinde ve Vezneciler Kız Yurdunun yanında bulunan Kalenderhane Camii; Kiliseden devşirilmiş camilerimizdendir. Yapının kilise olarak ne zaman yapılandırılmaya başlandığı kesim olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, 9. ve 12. yüzyıllar arasında inşa edildiği sanılmaktadır.
Fatih Sultan Mehmed İstanbul’u aldıktan sonra bu kiliseyi, ordudaki kalender adlı dervişlere tahsis ettiği için mekân Kalenderhane olarak anılır. 18 yy.da Babüssaade Ağası Maktul Beşir Ağa tarafından camiye çevrilmeden önce kilise ve daha önceki dönemlerde manastır olarak kullanılmıştır. Saray hamamından, komnen kiliseye, sonra bir zaviyeye, daha sonra küçük bir camiye çevrilen mekân, İmparatorluğun çöküşüne doğru harap bir hale gelmiş ve caminin minaresi 1930 yılında yıldırım çarpması sonucu yıkılmış, 1966 yılından 1972 yılına kadar süren onarım sonrası tekrardan ibadete açılmıştır. Ayrıca tarihi yapı; 1966 ve 1975 yılları arasında Harvard Üniversitesi ve İTÜ işbirliği ile ayrıntılı bir kazı çalışmasına da sahne olmuştur.
Kalenderhane Camisi’nin ana mekânına, tonozlarla örtülü narteksten girilmektedir. Ana mekânın ortası pandantifli kubbeyle örtülüdür ve bu ana kubbe, beşik tonozlarla desteklenerek tavan örtüsü ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Caminin duvarları taş ve tuğla karışımıdır. İç duvarlar renkli mermer kaplama ve kabartmalarla süslenmiş olan yapı ibadete açık olup, aynı zamanda yerli ve yabancı konukların da uğrak yeridir.
Hazırlayan: Ali Akçakaya
The Selimiye Mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II and was built by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan between 1568 and 1575. It is one of the masterpieces of Mimar Sinan.
The Süleymaniye Mosque, built on the order of Sultan Süleyman (Süleyman the Magnificent), "was fortunate to be able to draw on the talents of the architectural genius of Mimar Sinan" (481 Traditions and Encounters: Brief Global History). The construction work began in 1550 and the mosque was finished in 1557.
This "vast religious complex called the Süleymaniye...blended Islamic and Byzantine architectural elements. It combines tall, slender minarets with large domed buildings supported by half domes in the style of the Byzantine church Hagia Sophia (which the Ottomans converted into the mosque of Aya Sofya)" (481 Traditions and Encounters: Brief Global History).
The design of the Süleymaniye also plays on Suleyman's self-conscious representation of himself as a 'second Solomon.' It references the Dome of the Rock, which was built on the site of the Temple of Solomon, as well as Justinian's boast upon the completion of the Hagia Sophia: "Solomon, I have surpassed thee!"[1] The Süleymaniye, similar in magnificence to the preceding structures, asserts Suleyman's historical importance. The structure is nevertheless smaller in size than its older archetype, the Hagia Sophia.
Islamic calligraphy
From the Wikipedia:
Islamic calligraphy, equally known as Arabic calligraphy, is the art of writing, and by extension, of bookmaking.[1] This art has most often employed the Arabic script, throughout many languages. Calligraphy is especially revered among Islamic arts since it was the primary means for the preservation of the Qur'an.
Throughout Islamic history, the work of calligraphers was collected and appreciated. Consideration of figurative art as idolatrous led to calligraphy and abstract figures becoming the main forms of artistic expression in Islamic cultures.[2]
Arabic, Persian and Ottoman Turkish calligraphy is associated with geometric Islamic art (the Arabesque) on the walls and ceilings of mosques as well as on the page. Contemporary artists in the Islamic world draw on the heritage of calligraphy to use calligraphic inscriptions or abstractions in their work.
Calligraphic scripts
The first Arabic script to gain popularity was the Kufic script, which was created in 537. Kufic is angular, made of square and short horizontal strokes, long verticals, and bold, compact circles. It was the main script used to copy the Qur'an for three centuries. Its static aspect made it suitable for monumental inscriptions, too. It developed many serifs (small decorations added to each character).
More often used for casual writing was the cursive Naskh script, with rounder letters and thin lines. As techniques for writing in this style were refined, it came to be preferred to Kufic for copying the Qur'an. Naskh is the first script taught to most children. Almost all printed material in Arabic is in Naskh so, to avoid confusion, children are taught to write in the same script. It is also clearer and easier to decipher.
In the 13th century, the Thuluth script took on the ornamental role formerly associated with the Kufic script. Thuluth means "one third"; the form of Thuluth is based on the principle that one third of each letter slides downward. Thus it has a strong cursive aspect and is usually written in ample curves.
After Persia was conquered by Arabs in the 7th century, it became common to write Persian in Arabic script. The Persians contributed the Ta'liq and Nasta'liq styles to Arabic calligraphy. Nasta'liq is extremely cursive, with exaggeratedly long horizontal strokes. One of its peculiarities is that vertical strokes lean to the right rather than (as more commonly) to the left, making Nasta'liq writing flow particularly well. The Persians also developed a style called shekasteh ('broken' in Persian). Shekasteh has seldom been used for scripting Arabic texts, though it is an Arabic calligraphy style.
The Diwani script is a cursive style of Arabic calligraphy developed during the reign of the early Ottoman Turks (16th and early 17th centuries). It was invented by Housam Roumi and reached its height of popularity under Süleyman I the Magnificent (1520–66). As decorative as it was communicative, Diwani was distinguished by the complexity of the line within the letter and the close juxtaposition of the letters within the word.
A variation of the Diwani, the Diwani Al Jali, is characterized by its abundance of diacritical and ornamental marks.
Finally, the most common script for everyday use is Ruq'ah (also known as Riq'a). Simple and easy to write, its movements are small, without much amplitude. It is the one most commonly seen. It is considered a step up from Naskh script, which children are taught first. In later grades they are introduced to Ruq'ah.
The Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha is a Cairo landmark. It was built between 1830 and 1848 in honor of his son Tusun Pasha, who died in 1816. It was built within the Citadel of Cairo in the Ottoman style. It is also called the Alabaster Mosque.
Beyazıd Meydanı ile Taksim arasında ilginç bir görev paylaşımı vardır. Bu, Tarihi Yarımda ile Galata'nın eskiden beri süregelen hayat hikayelerinin, sosyal ve toplumsal dokularının doğal sonucudur adeta. Gösterileri, çığlıkları, şenlikleri bile farklıdır. Ama ikisi de İstanbul'un bağrındadır ve rengini, dokusunu, hayatını tamamlar bir demetteki ayrı renk çiçekler gibi ...
The Selimiye Mosque is an Ottoman mosque in the city of Edirne, Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Sultan Selim II and was built by architect Mimar Sinan between 1569 and 1575.
Mimar Sinan reached his artistic peak with the design, architecture, tile decorations and land stone workmanship displayed at Selimiye. The mosque, together with its complex, was included on UNESCO's World Heritage List in 2011.
Built in the 13th century to provide education in the study of hadiths (saying of the Prophet).
From the late 12th century for over a hundred years Konya, ancient Iconium was the capital of the Empire of the Muslim Selcuks, a distinct Turkish tribe. The beautiful Selcuk buildings (bridges, caravansaries, mosques, medreses and tombs) in Kayseri, Sivas, Nigde, Dicrigi, Malatya and Konya date from these centuries. Selcuk sultan Alaaddin Keykubad ruled from 1220 to 1237 at the height of this Empire.
Among the distictive features of Seljuk art are the main entrances to their bildings. The entire stone doorways are deeply carved with geometric patterns and inscripotions from the Koran. The vaults tends to be triangular or ogive and have stalactite ornamentations.
The Yeni Camii, The New Mosque or Mosque of the Valide Sultan (Turkish: 'Yeni Cami, Yeni Valide Camii') is an Ottoman imperial mosque located in the Eminönü district of Istanbul, Turkey. It is situated on the Golden Horn at the southern end of the Galata Bridge. It is one of the best-known sights of Istanbul.
The interior of the mosque is a square 41 meters on each side. The central area is defined by four large piers which are the main support for the dome. On the sides and rear of the central area are colonnades of slender marble columns connected by arches in a variety of styles. The dome is 17.5 meters in diameter and has a height of 36 meters. The interior space is extended with semi-domes along the east-west axis of the building, with smaller domes above each corner of the nave and even smaller domes above the corners of the galleries. The northeast corner of the gallery has a gilded screen, behind which members of the imperial court could attend services. This Royal Loge is connected by a long elevated passageway to a Royal Pavilion in the northeast corner of the mosque complex. The interior of the mosque is decorated with blue, green and white İznik tiles, which are considered somewhat inferior in quality to tiles in earlier imperial mosques. The mihrab is decorated with gilded stalactites and the mimbar had a conical canopy with slender marble columns.
Bazan sadece fotoğrafı dinlemek yeter. Her bakışta ayrı bir çağrışım ve izdüşümlerle sıralanır kelimeler. Herkes kendi cümlesini kurup kurup yutar yeniden.
Bazan, susmak ve sadece dinlemek, en iyisidir ...
Saat 01.54
Dışarda buz gibi bir Şubat rüzgarı.
İstanbul uyumuyor,
Biz de uyuyoruz O'na.
Sevenlerine selam ulaştırmak için ...
Bursa, Turkey. The first captial city of the Ottoman Empire, on the northwest of Turkey is a lovely city which has preserved a humble amount of the original Turkish architecture.
May-2006
Surf in panorama www.gigapan.com/gigapans/178199
Süleymaniye Mosque is an Ottoman Imperial mosque located on the third hill of İstanbul, Turkey. Built by the order of Süleyman the Magnificent, Süleymaniye is one of the finest art of the genius architect (mimar) Sinan. The construction work began in 1550 and finished in 1558. Built as a "külliye", it is a vast religous complex including Quran schools, libraries, primary schools, hamams(Turkish baths), a medical college, a caravanserai and a public kitchen serving poors. In the garden behind the main mosque there are two mausoleums including the tombs of Sultan Süleyman I, his wife Hürrem Sultan (Roxelana) and their daughter Mihrimah Sultan. The sultans Süleyman II, Ahmed II and also Saliha Dilaşub Sultan and Safiye Sultan, the daughter of Mustafa II, are buried here.
Just outside the mosque walls, to the north is the tomb of Sinan the Architect.
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Built in the 13th century to provide education in the study of hadiths (saying of the Prophet).
From the late 12th century for over a hundred years Konya, ancient Iconium was the capital of the Empire of the Muslim Selcuks, a distinct Turkish tribe. The beautiful Selcuk buildings (bridges, caravansaries, mosques, medreses and tombs) in Kayseri, Sivas, Nigde, Dicrigi, Malatya and Konya date from these centuries. Selcuk sultan Alaaddin Keykubad ruled from 1220 to 1237 at the height of this Empire.
Among the distictive features of Seljuk art are the main entrances to their bildings. The entire stone doorways are deeply carved with geometric patterns and inscripotions from the Koran. The vaults tends to be triangular or ogive and have stalactite ornamentations.
The Devil's Bridge is located near the town of Ardino and the village of Dyadovtsi in the Rhodope mountains, southeastern Bulgaria. It is part of the ancient road connecting the lowlands of Thrace with the north Aegean Sea coast.
Dyavolski most was built between 1515 and 1518. The bridge, the largest and best known of its kind in the Rhodopes, is 56 m (183.7 ft) long and has three arches, but also features holes with small semicircular arches to read water level. The Dyavolski most has a width of 3.5 m (11.5 ft) and its main arch is 11.50 m (37.7 ft) high. A stone parapet, 12 cm (4.7 in) in height, is preserved on the sides, and breakwaters are placed opposite the stream.
from Wikipedia
Şeytan Köprüsü Bulgaristan’ın Kırcaali ilinde bir Orta Çağ köprüsü.
Şeytan Köprüsü bir kemer köprüdür ve Arda Nehri üzerinde, Eğridere kasabasının 10 km yakınlarında yer alır. Bu bölge, tarihî Trakya’nın tarihî yol güzergâhının bir parçasını oluşturur. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu zamanında yapılmıştır. I. Selim döneminde 1515-1518 yıllarında inşa edilmiştir.
Köprünün ismi konusunda ise çeşitli rivayetler vardır. Bir rivayete göre üzerinden sadece şeytan geçebildiği için bu ismi almış iken bir diğer rivayete göre ise köprünün sudaki yansıması şeytana benzetilmiştir.
Дяволският мост над Арда е близо до село Дядовци на 6 км северно от Ардино. Мостът е включен и в герба на общината. Построен е на 420 м надморска височина на място, оградено от стръмни склонове, достигащи до 800 м надморска височина. Дължината му е 66 м, широчината - 3,4 м. Мостът е трисводест, като на страничните му ребра са направени отвори с полукръгли сводчета за оттичане на водата. Височината на централния свод е 11,50 – 12 м, а по ръба е запазен каменен парапет.
Мостът е построен в началото на ХVI век по заповед и желание на султан Селим I като част от път, свързващ Горнотракийската низина с Беломорска Тракия и Егейско море. На мястото му някога е имало по-стар римски мост на пътя, свързващ Тракийската низина с Беломорието.
Мостът бил известен с името „Шейтан кюприя“ (в превод от турски – Дяволски мост). За изпълнител на задачата се приема майстор Уста Димитър от съседното село Неделино. Той вградил останките на римския мост в новата конструкция, използвайки само камъни от местността.
The construction of Banya Bashi Mosque was completed in 1576, during the years the Ottomans had control of the town. Currently it is the only functioning mosque in Sofia.