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Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruges
Bruges (Dutch: Brugge; French: Bruges; German: Brügge) is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium, in the northwest of the country.
The area of the whole city amounts to more than 13,840 hectares (138.4 sq km; 53.44 sq miles), including 1,075 hectares off the coast, at Zeebrugge (from Brugge aan zee, meaning "Bruges by the Sea"). The historic city centre is a prominent World Heritage Site of UNESCO. It is oval in shape and about 430 hectares in size. The city's total population is 117,073 (1 January 2008), of whom around 20,000 live in the city centre. The metropolitan area, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area of 616 km2 (238 sq mi) and has a total of 255,844 inhabitants as of 1 January 2008.
Along with a few other canal-based northern cities, such as Amsterdam, it is sometimes referred to as the Venice of the North. Bruges has a significant economic importance, thanks to its port, and was once one of the world's chief commercial cities. Bruges is well known as the seat of the College of Europe, a university institute for European studies.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belfry_of_Bruges
The Belfry of Bruges (Dutch: Belfort van Brugge) is a medieval bell tower in the centre of Bruges, Belgium. One of the city's most prominent symbols, the belfry formerly housed a treasury and the municipal archives, and served as an observation post for spotting fires and other danger. A narrow, steep staircase of 366 steps, accessible by the public for an entry fee, leads to the top of the 83 m (272 feet) high building, which leans 87 centimetres to the east.
To the sides and back of the tower stands the former market hall, a rectangular building only 44 m broad but 84 m deep, with an inner courtyard. The belfry, accordingly, is also known as the Halletoren (tower of the halls).
The belfry is a key component of the UNESCO world heritage site of the historic centre of Bruges.
The building is a central feature of the 2008 film In Bruges and is also mentioned in the novel Cloud Atlas.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markt_(Bruges)
The Markt ("Market Square") of Bruges is located in the heart of the city and covers an area of about 1 hectare. Some historical highlights around the square include the 12th-century belfry and the West Flanders Provincial Court (originally the Waterhall, which in 1787 was demolished and replaced by a classicist building that from 1850 served as provincial court and after a fire in 1878 was rebuilt in a neo-Gothic style in 1887. In the center of the market stands the statue of Jan Breydel and Pieter de Coninck.
In 1995 the market was completely renovated. Parking in the square was removed and the area became mostly traffic-free, thus being more celebration friendly. The renovated market was reopened in 1996 with a concert by Helmut Lotti.
Música cristiana | Canción cristiana | Qué dura es la obra de Dios
I
La obra de Dios en la tierra sufre grandes adversidades.
Los defectos, la inmadurez, la debilidad
e ignorancia del hombre, y todo lo que es suyo
fueron planeados y calculados por Dios.
El hombre es como un tigre de papel, nadie se atreve a provocarlo.
O muerde, se pierde, recae, ignora a Dios,
o corre a sus padres, “unos cerdos y perros”,
a entregarse a las impurezas de sus cuerpos. ¡Qué óbice tan grande!
II
En cada paso, Dios está a prueba y en peligro.
Sus palabras son sinceras, honestas y sin malicia.
Le rompe el corazón que nadie acepte o se entregue por completo.
Él se esfuerza día y noche, se preocupa por el hombre.
Él se compadece de la debilidad del hombre.
Él sufre inesperados giros con cada palabra y obra.
Sabiendo cuán débil, rebelde, inmaduro, y frágil es el hombre,
Él sopesa todo esto en Su cabeza, día y noche.
¿Quién supo alguna vez esto?
¿En quién puede Él confiar?
¿Quién puede entenderlo?
¡Oh, qué difícil es la obra de Dios!
III
Dios siempre odia los pecados y la endeblez del hombre,
su flaqueza y lo que le espera preocupan a Dios.
Y mientras ve las palabras y los actos del hombre,
lo llenan de piedad, enfado y pena.
Ahora los inocentes son tan insensibles,
¿por qué Dios se lo pone tan difícil a ellos?
Ahora el hombre débil no puede perseverar.
¿Por qué Dios está siempre enfadado con él?
El hombre es débil, impotente, sin vitalidad.
¿Por qué reñir su rebeldía?
¿Quién puede resistir la amenaza de Dios?
IV
El hombre es frágil,
y por eso en la desesperación,
Dios escondió Su enfado en lo profundo de Su corazón
para que el frágil hombre reflexione sobre él mismo.
Pero el hombre afligido no valora la voluntad de Dios.
Sin saber que el rey diablo lo ha pisoteado,
él siempre se pone en contra de Dios,
o es ambivalente hacia su Dios.
¿Quién ha tomado en serio las palabras de Dios?
De “Seguir al Cordero y cantar nuevos cánticos”
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Rigg
High Rigg is a small fell located in the English Lake District, approximately three miles southeast of the town of Keswick. It occupies an unusual position, surrounded on all sides by higher fells but not connected by any obvious ridge. This separation from its fellows ensures that it is a Marilyn.
Topography
High Rigg is strictly the continuation of the ridge running up the western shore of Thirlmere, whose high point is Raven Crag. This forms the watershed between the Shoulthwaite and Thirlmere/ Vale of St John systems. The depression between High Rigg and Raven Crag to the south — at only around 550 ft (170 m) — is at Smaithwaite, just south of the A591 Keswick to Ambleside road.
High Rigg resembles a model of the Lakeland Fells in miniature, complete with crags, intermediate tops, tarns and even a 'pass' crossing the ridge halfway along, complete with church. The northern and southern aspects of the fell are largely grassed and gently rolling, in contrast to the western and eastern flanks which are steep with numerous rocky outcroppings and cliffs.
Travelling south to north the main features are Wren Crag (1,020 ft), overlooking the Vale of St John, Yew Crag (1,000 ft) facing west and then two tops at 1,125 ft (343 m) and 1,171 ft (357 m) respectively. The ridge then falls to the 'pass' and St John's church, before rising again to Low Rigg (836 ft). Finally comes Tewet Tarn as the ridge falls away to the river Greta. Also known as Tewfit Tarn, this shallow pool stands on a shelf, overlooked by higher rocks.[1][2]
Geology
The geology of the ridge is complex with much small scale faulting. Gravel and scree overlay much of the fell which lies between two branches of the Coniston Fault, with the plagioclase-phyric andesite lavas of the Birker Fell Formation beneath. Low Rigg exhibits intrusions of microgranite to the surface.[3]
Summit and view
The summit has a cairn set on an outcrop and commands a fine view of the surrounding fells. The giants of Skiddaw and Blencathra dominate the view to the north, and Clough Head and the Helvellyn range the view east. Thirlmere is visible to the south and Bleaberry Fell to the west, over which the Scafell group can be seen on a clear day.[4][5]
Ascents
The hill may be climbed in a short twenty-minute walk from the Church of St John's in the Vale. It only involves about 120 m (400 ft) of climb and is one of the shortest ascents in the Lakes. Alternatively, a traverse of the fell's three mile (5 km) long ridge may be made, starting at Tewit Tarn and finishing near Shoulthwaite.[
copyright: © R-Pe 1764.org All rights reserved. Please do not use this image, or any images from my flickr photostream, fb account or g+, without my permission.
el.godfootsteps.org/Creator-s-authority-is-immeasurable-s...
I
Εκκλησία του Παντοδύναμου Θεού
Μόλις τα λόγια του Θεού μιλιούνται, αναλαμβάνει η εξουσία Του
και ό,τι υποσχέθηκε, βήμα-βήμα γίνεται.
Όλα γύρω αλλάζουν, αρχίζουν οι αλλαγές.
Αυτά είναι τα θαύματα απ' τα χέρια του Δημιουργού.
Όπως την άνοιξη: λουλούδια ανθίζουν, χορτάρι πράσινο,
μπουμπούκια βλασταίνουν, πουλιά τραγουδούν· κόσμος στους αγρούς.
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού διαχρονική,
από μέρη, ανθρώπους και ύλη, απ' το τίποτα.
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού αφάνταστη.
Δύσκολο να εμβαθύνεις, να την αντιληθφείς.
II
Την υπόσχεσή Του αν πραγματώσει, τα πάντα σε γη κι ουρανό
αναγεννώνται κι αλλάζουνε, σύμφωνα με τις σκέψεις Του.
Την υπόσχεσή Του όταν δίνει, όλα γίνονται για να εκπληρωθεί.
Όλα τα πλάσματα τοποθετούνται στου Θεού το κράτος.
Καθένας έχει το ρόλο του, τη δική του λειτουργία.
Αυτό φανερώνει την εξουσία του Θεού.
Όπως την άνοιξη: λουλούδια ανθίζουν, χορτάρι πράσινο,
μπουμπούκια βλασταίνουν, πουλιά τραγουδούν· κόσμος στους αγρούς.
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού διαχρονική,
από μέρη, ανθρώπους και ύλη, απ' το τίποτα.
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού αφάνταστη.
Δύσκολο να εμβαθύνεις, να την αντιληθφείς.
III
Κάθε εκδήλωση εξουσίας είναι τέλεια παρουσίαση
των λόγων Του που δείχνονται, σ' όλα τα πλάσματα.
Όλα επιτυγχάνονται, με την εξουσία Του,
όμορφα, ασύγκριτα και αψεγάδιαστα.
Όπως την άνοιξη: λουλούδια ανθίζουν, χορτάρι πράσινο,
μπουμπούκια βλασταίνουν, πουλιά τραγουδούν· κόσμος στους αγρούς.
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού διαχρονική,
από μέρη, ανθρώπους και ύλη, από τίποτα.
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού αφάνταστη.
Δύσκολο να εμβαθύνεις, να την αντιληθφείς.
IV
Οι σκέψεις, τα λόγια, το έργο, η εξουσία Του,
όλα μια εικόνα, όμορφη, ασύγκριτη.
Η γλώσσα δεν μπορεί καλά να εξηγήσει
της Δημιουργίας την αξία και τη σημασία της!
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού διαχρονική,
από μέρη, ανθρώπους και ύλη, απ' το τίποτα.
Η εξουσία κι η δύναμη του Θεού αφάνταστη.
Δύσκολο να εμβαθύνεις, να την αντιληθφείς.
από το βιβλίο «Ο Λόγος Ενσαρκώνεται»
Πηγή Ζωής
Πηγή εικόνας: Εκκλησία του Παντοδύναμου Θεού
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Canyon
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States. The Grand Canyon is 277 miles (446 km) long, up to 18 miles (29 km) wide and attains a depth of over a mile (6,093 feet or 1,857 meters).
The canyon and adjacent rim are contained within Grand Canyon National Park, the Kaibab National Forest, Grand Canyon–Parashant National Monument, the Hualapai Indian Reservation, the Havasupai Indian Reservation and the Navajo Nation. The surrounding area is contained within the Baaj Nwaavjo I'tah Kukveni – Ancestral Footprints of the Grand Canyon National Monument. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of the preservation of the Grand Canyon area and visited it on numerous occasions to hunt and enjoy the scenery.
Nearly two billion years of Earth's geological history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut their channels through layer after layer of rock while the Colorado Plateau was uplifted. While some aspects about the history of incision of the canyon are debated by geologists, several recent studies support the hypothesis that the Colorado River established its course through the area about 5 to 6 million years ago. Since that time, the Colorado River has driven the down-cutting of the tributaries and retreat of the cliffs, simultaneously deepening and widening the canyon.
For thousands of years, the area has been continuously inhabited by Native Americans, who built settlements within the canyon and its many caves. The Pueblo people considered the Grand Canyon a holy site, and made pilgrimages to it. The first European known to have viewed the Grand Canyon was García López de Cárdenas from Spain, who arrived in 1540.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Canyon_National_Park
Grand Canyon National Park is a national park of the United States located in northwestern Arizona, the 15th site to have been named as a national park. The park's central feature is the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the Colorado River, which is often considered one of the Wonders of the World. The park, which covers 1,217,262 acres (1,901.972 sq mi; 4,926.08 km2) of unincorporated area in Coconino and Mohave counties, received more than 4.7 million recreational visitors in 2023. The Grand Canyon was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979. The park celebrated its 100th anniversary on February 26, 2019.
Source: www.nps.gov/grca/index.htm
Entirely within the state of Arizona, the park encompasses 278 miles (447 km) of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. Located on the ancestral homelands of 11 present day Tribal Communities, Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world—a mile deep canyon unmatched in the incomparable vistas it offers visitors from both north and south rims.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "米国" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis" "ארצות הברית" "संयुक्त राज्य" "США"
(Arizona) "أريزونا" "亚利桑那州" "אריזונה" "एरिजोना" "アリゾナ州" "애리조나" "Аризона"
(Grand Canyon) "جراند كانيون" "大峡谷" "גרנד קניון" "ग्रांड कैन्यन" "グランドキャニオン" "그랜드 캐니언" "Гранд-Каньон" "Gran Cañón"
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Canyon
The Grand Canyon is a steep-sided canyon carved by the Colorado River in Arizona, United States. The Grand Canyon is 277 miles (446 km) long, up to 18 miles (29 km) wide and attains a depth of over a mile (6,093 feet or 1,857 meters).
The canyon and adjacent rim are contained within Grand Canyon National Park, the Kaibab National Forest, Grand Canyon–Parashant National Monument, the Hualapai Indian Reservation, the Havasupai Indian Reservation and the Navajo Nation. The surrounding area is contained within the Baaj Nwaavjo I'tah Kukveni – Ancestral Footprints of the Grand Canyon National Monument. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of the preservation of the Grand Canyon area and visited it on numerous occasions to hunt and enjoy the scenery.
Nearly two billion years of Earth's geological history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut their channels through layer after layer of rock while the Colorado Plateau was uplifted. While some aspects about the history of incision of the canyon are debated by geologists, several recent studies support the hypothesis that the Colorado River established its course through the area about 5 to 6 million years ago. Since that time, the Colorado River has driven the down-cutting of the tributaries and retreat of the cliffs, simultaneously deepening and widening the canyon.
For thousands of years, the area has been continuously inhabited by Native Americans, who built settlements within the canyon and its many caves. The Pueblo people considered the Grand Canyon a holy site, and made pilgrimages to it. The first European known to have viewed the Grand Canyon was García López de Cárdenas from Spain, who arrived in 1540.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Canyon_National_Park
Grand Canyon National Park is a national park of the United States located in northwestern Arizona, the 15th site to have been named as a national park. The park's central feature is the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the Colorado River, which is often considered one of the Wonders of the World. The park, which covers 1,217,262 acres (1,901.972 sq mi; 4,926.08 km2) of unincorporated area in Coconino and Mohave counties, received more than 4.7 million recreational visitors in 2023. The Grand Canyon was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1979. The park celebrated its 100th anniversary on February 26, 2019.
Source: www.nps.gov/grca/index.htm
Entirely within the state of Arizona, the park encompasses 278 miles (447 km) of the Colorado River and adjacent uplands. Located on the ancestral homelands of 11 present day Tribal Communities, Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular examples of erosion anywhere in the world—a mile deep canyon unmatched in the incomparable vistas it offers visitors from both north and south rims.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "米国" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis" "ארצות הברית" "संयुक्त राज्य" "США"
(Arizona) "أريزونا" "亚利桑那州" "אריזונה" "एरिजोना" "アリゾナ州" "애리조나" "Аризона"
(Grand Canyon) "جراند كانيون" "大峡谷" "גרנד קניון" "ग्रांड कैन्यन" "グランドキャニオン" "그랜드 캐니언" "Гранд-Каньон" "Gran Cañón"
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Air_Force_Base
Scott Air Force Base (IATA: BLV, ICAO: KBLV, FAA LID: BLV) is a United States Air Force base in St. Clair County, Illinois, near Belleville and O'Fallon, 17 miles east-southeast of downtown St. Louis. Scott Field was one of thirty-two Air Service training camps established after the United States entered World War I in April 1917. It is headquarters of Air Mobility Command (AMC), and is also the headquarters of the U.S. Transportation Command, a Unified Combatant Command that coordinates transportation across all the services.
The base is operated by the 375th Air Mobility Wing (375 AMW) and is also home to the Air Force Reserve Command's 932d Airlift Wing (932 AW) and the Illinois Air National Guard's 126th Air Refueling Wing (126 ARW), the latter two units being operationally gained by AMC.
The base currently employs 13,000 people, 5,100 civilians with 5,500 active-duty Air Force, and an additional 2,400 Air National Guard and Reserve personnel. It was announced in June 2014 that two new cybersecurity squadrons will be added to the three currently on base.
Its airfield is also used by civilian aircraft, with civilian operations at the base referring to the facility as MidAmerica St. Louis Airport. MidAmerica has operated as a Joint Use Airport since beginning operations in November 1997. Allegiant Air, the only commercial airline with scheduled flights at the airport, pulled out of the airport on January 3, 2009, but now has multiple nonstop destinations.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Illinois) "الينوي" "伊利诺伊州" "इलिनोइस" "イリノイ" "일리노이" "Иллинойс"
(Scott Air Force Base) "قاعدة سكوت الجوية" "斯科特空军基地" "Base aérienne de Scott" "स्कॉट एयर फोर्स बेस" "スコット空軍基地" "스콧 공군 기지" "База ВВС Скотт" "Base de la Fuerza Aérea Scott"
Introduction
The Word of God in the Last Days "God's Work, God's Disposition, and God Himself III" (Part Five)
God's words in this video are from the book "The Word Appears in the Flesh".
The content of this video:
9. Jesus Performs Miracles
1) Jesus Feeds the Five Thousand
2) The Resurrection of Lazarus Glorifies God
Almighty God says, "When the Lord Jesus brought Lazarus back from the dead, He used one line: “Lazarus, come forth.” He said nothing aside from this—what do these words represent? They represent that God can accomplish anything through speaking, including resurrecting a dead man. When God created all things, when He created the world, He did so with words. He used spoken commands, words with authority, and just like that all things were created. It was accomplished like that. This single line spoken by the Lord Jesus was just like the words spoken by God when He created the heavens and earth and all things; it equally held the authority of God, the ability of the Creator. All things were formed and stood fast because of words from God’s mouth, and just the same, Lazarus walked out from his tomb because of the words from the Lord Jesus’ mouth. This was the authority of God, demonstrated and realized in His incarnate flesh. This type of authority and ability belonged to the Creator, and to the Son of man in whom the Creator was realized. This is the understanding taught to mankind by God bringing Lazarus back from the dead."
www.ywt.org.uk/reserves/spurn-nature-reserve
Big skies and ever changing wildlife make the evocative landscape of Spurn one of the Trust’s most iconic nature reserves. Whether you go by foot, bike or aboard a Spurn Safari (sorry – no vehicular access down to the Point) visiting is always an adventure.
For full information about visiting Spurn, including Spurn Lighthouse opening hours, Blue Bell Cafe opening hours, Spurn Safaris, bike hire and more, click here: www.ywt.org.uk/spurn-national-nature-reserve
Spurn is truly a site for all seasons, but arguably one of its best wildlife highlights is the spring and autumn spectacle of bird migration. Due to the exposed and recognisable coastal location, visible migration can be often be seen in action as birds head south along the peninsula, on some days you may see ‘falls’ of birds measured in their thousands.
Spurn is a dynamic place in the past people have tried to fortify Spurn against these dynamic natural processes, but largely these have failed. *The most dramatic of these was during the tidal surge of December 2013 which removed a section of the road, leaving Yorkshire with a newly created island at high tide. You can find out the times when not to cross the wash-over section from our downloads section on the right hand corner of this page. The Trust tries to work with nature, rather than against it, to allow the natural processes to take place. As a result there is no vehicular access to the Point – access is solely on foot, bike, or aboard the specially equipped vehicle on which the Trust runs Spurn Safaris.
Important Visitor Information
Tides Strong currents and soft sand underfoot mean that it is very dangerous to enter the water on the wash over area as the high tide comes in and recedes – please do not make any attempt to cross the sands until all the water has gone. Make sure you get the most out of your day by checking the tide times carefully before you visit and pay close attention to the latest information on display once you get there.
Brown tail moth caterpillar In the scrub around the base of the lighthouse, and along into Chalk Bank, you may notice what look like tents stretched between branches, which are in fact the overwintering silk tents of the brown tail moth caterpillar. Whilst for many these caterpillars are harmless, they can cause itchy allergic skin reactions or respiratory issues for those with asthma or hay fever – so please don’t touch the caterpillars or the tents.
Dogs are not allowed on Spurn, in order to protect the sensitive wildlife and habitats
Help protect the habitats along the Humber by following the Humber Estuary Code of Conduct
Directions
Spurn is located c.30 miles east of Hull. From Easington follow the B1445 to Kilnsea. From the village of Kilnsea, the nature reserve begins on the road past the Blue Bell Cafe.
Parking
Free parking is available at the Blue Bell Cafe and Canal Scrape.
There is a limited pay and display car park just beyond the reserve entrance (no height restriction). The cost of a ticket is £4 per vehicle and £20 for pre-booked coaches. The machine is in operation every day and only excepts coins. No change is given but change is available at The Blue Bell Café or Office. The tickets are only valid on the day of purchase. Trust members gain free parking (please leave your membership card on the dashboard of your car).
The parking fees help us to manage the reserve. A free cup of tea will be available at the Blue Bell Café on presentation of an in-date parking ticket. Please see opening times.
No overnight parking is allowed on the nature reserve, should people wish to stop overnight please use one of the local campsites.
Reserve information
Location
Spurn Head, south of Kilnsea
Hull
East Yorkshire
HU12 0UH
Map reference
TA 419 149
Great for...
birdwatching
geological interest
getting away from it all
historical interest
overwintering birds
spring migrant birds
stunning views
Opening Times
Open at all times
Facilities
Cafe
Visitor centre
Picnic facilities
Toilets
Disabled toilet
Baby changing
Size
327.04 hectares
Status
Geological Conservation Review Site
Heritage Coast
National Nature Reserve (NNR)
Ramsar
Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)
SPA
Special Areas of Conservation (SAC)
Living Landscape schemes
Outer Humber
Access
Yes
Public and permissive footpaths. Contact the Trust for disabled access information.
Walking information
Footpaths are open all the time. Road is closed to vehicles - follow on site instructions. Dogs are not permitted on the reserve, even in vehicles.
Parking
Charge for parking for non-members. Change is available at The Blue Bell Café or Office. The parking fees help us to manage the reserve. A free cup of tea will be available at the Blue Bell Café on presentation of an in-date parking ticket. Please see opening times and pricing information. Parking for coaches by prior arrangement.
Dogs
No dogs allowed
Grazing animals
Hebridean sheep & longhorn cattle
Reserve manager
Yorkshire Wildlife Trust
Tel: 01964 650313
info@ywt.org.uk
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purple_sunbird
The purple sunbird (Cinnyris asiaticus) is a small bird in the sunbird family found mainly in South and Southeast Asia but extending west into parts of the Arabian peninsula. Like other sunbirds they feed mainly on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. They have a fast and direct flight and can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird but often perch at the base of flowers. The males can appear all black in harsh sunlight but the purple iridescence is visible on closer observation or under good light conditions. Females are olive above and yellowish below.
Description
This small sunbird has a relatively short bill, a dark and short square ended tail with distinctive sexual dimorphism. Less than 10 cm long they have a down-curved bill with brush-tipped tubular tongues that aid in nectar feeding. The male is glossy metallic bluish to purplish[2] black on the upper parts with the wings appearing dark brown. The breeding male also has underparts of the same purplish black, but non-breeding males may show a central streak of black on yellow underparts. (Birds in this eclipse plumage were once designated as a species, C. currucaria.[3]) In the breeding plumage, the male can be confused with the syntopic Loten's sunbird which has a long bill and a distinctive broad maroon band on the breast. Breeding males will sometimes show their yellow pectoral tufts in displays. There is a patch of bright blue on the shoulder of breeding males.[4] The maroon shine on the feathers of the collar around the neck is visible mainly during the breeding seasons.[5][6][7][8][9]
Females are olive brown above with a yellowish underside. There is a pale supercilium beyond the eye. There is a darkish eye stripe. The throat and breast are yellow, becoming pale towards the vent. The outer tail feathers are tipped in white both in the male and female.[4] The young are just like females in plumage, however, the males get black feathers as they become adults. They are seen in pairs or small groups and aggregations may be found in gardens with suitable flowers. They feed mainly on nectar but also take fruits and insects. Groups of as many as 40 to 50 individuals have sometimes been noted.
Distribution
The species is distributed widely from West Asia through the Indian subcontinent and into Southeast Asia. They are resident birds in most parts of their range and do not move large distances. They are found in thin forest and garden land, including those in dense urban areas.[4] Local movements are, however, noted especially in the drier parts of northwestern India and Pakistan where they are said to arrive in large numbers before summer.[11]
The nominate subspecies is distributed in India east of the desert region and south of the Himalayas extending to the west and south of India and Sri Lanka. They are found mainly on the plains but going up to 2400 m in southern India and up to 1700 m in the Himalayas. The race brevirostris is found in the dry zone from the Arabian Peninsula into Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan until the dry zone of Rajasthan and Gujarat. These may, however, winter south near Goa.[12] This form has a slight tinge of green in the pectoral yellow tufts.[5] The race intermedius extends from the border of Orissa and Andhra Pradesh[13] northwards into Bangladesh, Myanmar and Indochina.
The movements of these birds are not well understood. A male ringed in Bharatpur was recovered in Dehra Dun, 350 km north.[10]
Behaviour and ecology
These birds are very vociferous and will call and will join to mob owls or other predators. The song is rapid rattle followed by ringing, metallic notes. Other call notes include a "chwit" or "chwing!" notes. The primary breeding season is before the Monsoons, April to June in northern India and January to June in Sri Lanka.[4] While feeding they flick their wings.[3] They rarely hover at flowers and usually perch to forage for nectar. They are important pollinators of some plant species such as Butea monosperma,[14] Acacia,[15] Woodfordia[16][17] and Dendrophthoe.[18] but they sometimes steal nectar by slitting flowers such as Hamelia patens at the base.[19] They are known to feed on small berries such as those of Salvadora persica[20] and cultivated grapes.[21] Insects are sometimes caught by flycatching.[22]
In courtship displays the male raises his head, fans his tail and flutters with partly open wings that expose the pectoral tufts and sings before the female.[10] The nest is a pouch made of cobwebs, thin strips of vegetation, lichens and bark. The entrance hole on the side is often shaded by an overhanging projection. The nest is built almost entirely by the female. The nest material is not woven and most of it is held together by cobwebs. About five to ten days may be taken in the building of the nest. The inner cavity is expanded by the bird by opening its wing and turning around on the inside.[23] In Sri Lanka and in southern India, it sometimes builds its nest by modifying and lining the cobweb structures formed by colonial or 'social' spiders, Stegodyphus sarasinorum (Eresidae).[24][25] Two eggs are usually laid.[3][10] The nest is usually suspended from a low branch, often of thorny plants[26] but are sometimes built close to human habitations, attached to wires or other man-made objects[27][28] and even indoors in an unused toilet.[29][30][31] Only the female incubates the eggs which hatch after 15 to 17 days. Males assist in feeding the chicks[32] although females involve themselves to a greater extent, making more trips as the chicks get older.[33]
Sunbirds have been known to live for nearly 22 years in captivity.[3
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibellina
Gibellina (Sicilian: Gibbiddina) is a small city and comune in the mountains of central Sicily, Italy in the Province of Trapani. It was destroyed by the 1968 Belice earthquake.[1]
The new city, Gibellina Nuova, was rebuilt some 11 kilometres (7 mi) distant from the old one. The new city was designed by many of the most prominent artists and architects in Italy, but done in a piecemeal fashion so that the parts of the new city bear little relation to one another or to the indigenous architecture of Sicily.
Ruderi di Gibellina (as the ruins of the city are now referred to) remained just as it was after the earthquake, practically a ghost-town. Artist Alberto Burri covered the entirety of the ruins in concrete, while preserving the shape of the buildings and the streetscape. Additionally, Italian sculptor Pietro Consagra and Senator Ludovico Corrao formed an open air museum with a Consagra sculpture "Porta del Belice" or "Door to Belice" at the entrance. Consagra expressed a wish to be buried at Gibellina on his deathbed in July 2005.[2]
Taking the last two kaleidoscopic pieces a little further. I wanted to make an expandable sheet of the kaleidoscope triangles which I can resize dynamically. These grabs were made with webcam input but after seeing the work of Movak, I tried pointed the camera at the monitor and was very impressed with the result. Thanks for the inspiration!
L(RGB) = 6x480s(5x240s:5x240s:5x240s)
L = 1x1bin
RGB = 2x2bin
12" R-C in rodeo, new mexico (lightbuckets.com LB-0003)
stacked with deepskystacker
initial processing with pixinsight 1.5
- normalization of ngc1977 vs. m42 data
- all subs aligned to luminance data
- rgb merge
- combined ngc1977 and m42 data with pixel math to produce a single image
- deconvolution
- histogram stretch (x10) of merged rgb data and luminance data
enfuse:
- HDR blend of all exposures generated in pixinsight
- luminance: hard mask, mean=0.54026, sigma=0.23154
- rgb: hard mask, mean=0.64026, sigma=0.23154, l-star grey projector
- had to duplicate the unstretched exposure 8 times to recover trapezium
photoshop: remove geosynchronous satellite streaks
pixinsight:
- histogram fixes and color calibration of rgb images
- histogram fixes, dark structure enhancement and atrous wavelets on luminance image
- LRGB merge
- chop composite image back into 2 separate images
- further histogram fix of ngc1977 to better match m42
hugin:
- stitch of ngc1977 and m42 images
lightroom:
- fix red/magenta saturation (pixinsight is running without color management... long story)
- crop
comments: the deconvolution is kind of bad... its heavy duty signal processing work that requires more patience than i could muster. as a result i've got some ringing and sharpening of bogus features.
it was really hard to get the two images to have the same brightness even though the exposures were the same. different nights, different amount of moon, different sky transparency all conspire to make two identically exposed images very different.
finally this is HDR so although the relative brightness between m42 and ngc1977 should be correct, the dynamic range of both have been greatly compressed. most other treatements of these objects show ngc1977 much fainter than seen here. but what is realistic when dealing with astrophotography?
el.godfootsteps.org/videos/one-who-holds-sovereignty-over...
Στο απέραντο σύμπαν, όλα τα ουράνια σώματα κινούνται με ακρίβεια στην τροχιά τους. Κάτω από τον ουρανό, όλα τα βουνά, τα ποτάμια και οι λίμνες είναι οριοθετημένα και όλα τα πλάσματα ζουν και αναπαράγονται κατά τη διάρκεια των τεσσάρων εποχών σύμφωνα με τους νόμους της ζωής.... Τα πάντα έχουν σχεδιαστεί με τέτοια λεπτότητα — υπάρχει ο Ισχυρός Θεός που κυβερνά και οργανώνει τα πάντα; Από τότε που ερχόμαστε σε αυτόν τον κόσμο κλαίγοντας, παίζουμε διαφορετικούς ρόλους στη ζωή. Μεταβαίνουμε από τη γέννηση στο γήρας, στην ασθένεια, στον θάνατο, ζούμε μεταξύ χαράς και λύπης.... Από πού προέρχονται πράγματι οι άνθρωποι και πού πράγματι οδεύουμε; Ποιος κυβερνά τη μοίρα μας; Από την αρχαιότητα ως τη σύγχρονη εποχή, μεγάλα έθνη έχουν ακμάσει, δυναστείες έχουν έλθει και παρέλθει, και οι χώρες και οι λαοί έχουν προοδεύσει και χάθηκαν στον ρου της ιστορίας.... Όπως οι νόμοι της φύσης, έτσι και οι νόμοι της εξέλιξης της ανθρωπότητας περιέχουν άπειρα μυστήρια. Θα θέλατε να μάθετε τις απαντήσεις σε αυτά; Το ντοκιμαντέρ Αυτός που κυριαρχεί επί των πάντων θα σας καθοδηγήσει για να φτάσετε στη ρίζα τους, για να αποκαλύψετε όλα αυτά τα μυστήρια!
γκοσπελ μουσικη
Πηγή εικόνας: Εκκλησία του Παντοδύναμου Θεού
Όροι Χρήσης: el.godfootsteps.org/disclaimer.html
~ # PhotoChalleng.org 2016.... ~ Week #48 - "BOKEH - GUEST CHALLENGE" - 2016 ~
~ Thank you Amy for a wonderful challenge this week, I love "BOKEH". Since I don't have my Christmas decorations up yet I got them out yesterday, today I set a set up on some lights and put one of my big lighted snow globes up and turn it on. Just as the timer was ready to go off I shook the snow globe so all the snow would swirl around. The light in the snow globe is kind of yellowy so I had to work on the color in Lightroom.... ~
... sometimes I love this loneliness in the middle of several peoples .. to be the other one .. to see/hear/touch and not at least feel different things ...
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copyright: 2015 © R. Peter 1764.org All rights reserved. Please do not use this image, or any images from my flickr photostream, fb account or g+, without my permission.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devils_Tower
Devils Tower (also known as Bear Lodge Butte) is a butte, possibly laccolithic, composed of igneous rock in the Bear Lodge Ranger District of the Black Hills, near Hulett and Sundance in Crook County, northeastern Wyoming, above the Belle Fourche River. It rises 1,267 feet (386 m) above the Belle Fourche River, standing 867 feet (265 m) from summit to base. The summit is 5,112 feet (1,559 m) above sea level.
Devils Tower was the first United States national monument, established on September 24, 1906 by President Theodore Roosevelt. The monument's boundary encloses an area of 1,347 acres (545 ha).
Source: www.nps.gov/deto/index.htm
Many People, Many Stories, One Place
The Tower is an astounding geologic feature that protrudes out of the prairie surrounding the Black Hills. It is considered sacred by Northern Plains Indians and indigenous people. Hundreds of parallel cracks make it one of the finest crack climbing areas in North America. Devils Tower entices us to learn more, explore more and define our place in the natural and cultural world.
Source: www.blackhillsbadlands.com/parks-monuments/devils-tower-n...
Devils Tower National Monument, a unique and striking geologic wonder steeped in Native American legend, is a modern-day national park and climbers' challenge. Devils Tower sits across the state line in northeast Wyoming. The Tower is a solitary, stump-shaped granite formation that looms 1,267 feet above the tree-lined Belle Fourche River Valley, like a skyscraper in the country. Once hidden below the earth’s surface, erosion has stripped away the softer rock layers revealing the Tower.
The two-square-mile park surrounding the tower was proclaimed the nation’s first national monument by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1906. The park is covered with pine forests, woodlands, and grasslands. While visiting the park you are bound to see deer, prairie dogs, and other wildlife. The mountain’s markings are the basis for Native American legend. One legend has it that a giant bear clawed the grooves into the mountainside while chasing several young Indian maidens. Known by several northern plains tribes as Bears Lodge, it is a sacred site of worship for many American Indians. Devils Tower is also remembered as the movie location for “Close Encounters of the Third Kind.”
The stone pillar is about 1,000 feet in diameter at the bottom and 275 feet at the top and that makes it the premier rock climbing challenge in the Black Hills. Hikers enjoy the Monument’s trails. The 1.25-mile Tower Trail encircles the base. This self-guided hike offers close-up views of the forest and wildlife, not to mention spectacular views of the Tower itself. The Red Beds Trail covers a much wider three-mile loop around the tower.
Source: travelwyoming.com/places-to-go/destinations/national-park...
While America’s first national monument garnered significant attention as the backdrop to the 1977 Stephen Spielberg movie, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, the tower is sacred to Northern Plains Indian tribes and the Black Hills region Kiowa Tribe. With oral storytelling and a history that dates back thousands of years, today, American Indian tribes continue to hold sacred ceremonies at the tower, including sweat lodges and sun dances. There is more to this monument than its rich history. You can stop at the visitor’s center to learn about one of the ranger-led programs, night sky viewing, hiking and even climbing to the top of Devils Tower. If one day isn’t enough to explore this unforgettable area, bring your camping gear to stay within the monument, or stay just outside or in accommodations at one of the nearby towns.
Additional Foreign Language Tags:
(United States) "الولايات المتحدة" "Vereinigte Staaten" "アメリカ" "美国" "미국" "Estados Unidos" "États-Unis"
(Wyoming) "وايومنغ" "怀俄明州" "व्योमिंग" "ワイオミング州" "와이오밍" "Вайоминг"
(Devils Tower National Monument) "النصب التذكاري الوطني لبرج الشياطين" "魔鬼塔国家纪念碑" "डेविल्स टॉवर राष्ट्रीय स्मारक" "デビルズタワー国定公園" "데빌스 타워 국립천연기념물" "Национальный монумент «Башня дьявола»" "Monumento Nacional Torre del Diablo"
copyright: © R-Pe 1764.org All rights reserved. Please do not use this image, or any images from my flickr photostream, fb account or g+, without my permission.
Introduction
Gospel Music Video | The Voice of Salvation | Guitar Playing "God Treasures One Who Can Listen to His Word and Obey Him" | en.godfootsteps.org/videos/hymn-god-treasures-one-who-can...
In God’s eyes, whether a man is great or small, as long as he can listen to God’s word, obey God’s commandment and commission, cooperate with God’s work, and cooperate with God’s will and God’s plan, so that God’s will and God’s plan can be carried out smoothly and fulfilled, such a deed is worthy for God to remember and worthy for God to bless, worthy for God to bless. God treasures such a man, cherishes such a deed of his, and cherishes his kindness and his heart for God. This is God’s attitude.
In God’s eyes, whether a man is great or small, as long as he can listen to God’s word, obey God’s commandment and commission, cooperate with God’s work, and cooperate with God’s will and God’s plan, so that God’s will and God’s plan can be carried out smoothly and fulfilled, such a deed is worthy for God to remember and worthy for God to bless, worthy for God to bless. God treasures such a man, cherishes such a deed of his, and cherishes his kindness and his heart for God. This is God’s attitude. God treasures such a man, cherishes such a deed of his, and cherishes his kindness and his heart for God. This is God’s attitude.
from “God’s Work, God’s Disposition, and God Himself (I)” in The Word Appears in the Flesh
You may also like: Best Hymns of Faith
Image Source: The Church of Almighty God
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Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri
Kansas City (abbreviated KC or KCMO) is the largest city in Missouri by population and area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 508,090 in 2020, making it the 36th most-populous city in the United States. It is the most populated municipality and historic core city of the Kansas City metropolitan area, which straddles the Kansas–Missouri state line and has a population of 2,392,035. Most of the city lies within Jackson County, with portions spilling into Clay, Cass, and Platte counties. Kansas City was founded in the 1830s as a port on the Missouri River at its confluence with the Kansas River coming in from the west. On June 1, 1850, the town of Kansas was incorporated; shortly after came the establishment of the Kansas Territory. Confusion between the two ensued, and the name Kansas City was assigned to distinguish them soon after.
Sitting on Missouri's western boundary with Kansas, with Downtown near the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri Rivers, the city encompasses about 319.03 square miles (826.3 km2), making it the 23rd largest city by total area in the United States. It serves as one of the two county seats of Jackson County, along with the major suburb of Independence. Other major suburbs include the Missouri cities of Blue Springs and Lee's Summit and the Kansas cities of Overland Park, Olathe, Lenexa, and Kansas City, Kansas.
The city is composed of several neighborhoods, including the River Market District in the north, the 18th and Vine District in the east, and the Country Club Plaza in the south. Celebrated cultural traditions include Kansas City jazz, theater, which was the center of the Vaudevillian Orpheum circuit in the 1920s, the Chiefs and Royals sports franchises, and famous cuisine based on Kansas City-style barbecue, Kansas City strip steak, and craft breweries.
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauffman_Center_for_the_Performing_...
The Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts is a performing arts center in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, USA, at 16th and Broadway, near the Power & Light District, the T-Mobile Center and the Crossroads Arts District. Its construction was a major part of the ongoing redevelopment of downtown Kansas City.
The Center was created as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Unlike some other major civic construction projects, no taxpayer funds went into its construction. The City of Kansas City contributed to and operates a parking garage adjacent to the Kauffman Center.
It is the performance home to the Kansas City Symphony, the Lyric Opera of Kansas City, and the Kansas City Ballet which in the past performed at the Lyric Theatre, eight blocks north of the center. The Kauffman Center houses two unique performance venues: Muriel Kauffman Theatre and Helzberg Hall.
According to its website, the Kauffman Center's mission is "to enrich the lives of communities throughout the region, country and world by offering extraordinary and diverse performing arts experiences". Not only do notable performances take place almost weekly, but the Center is a place where the KC community comes together and celebrates the city's rich arts culture. The Kauffman Center seeks to fulfill this mission by offering a wide selection of performances, and also by offering specific programs to connect with the youth in the Kansas City area.
source: Wikipedia.org
--------------------------------
Cologne Cathedral (German: Kölner Dom, officially Hohe Domkirche St. Petrus, Latin: Ecclesia Cathedralis Sanctorum Petri, English: High Cathedral of Saint Peter) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Cologne, Germany. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne and of the administration of the Archdiocese of Cologne. It is a renowned monument of German Catholicism and Gothic architecture and was declared a World Heritage Site in 1996. It is Germany's most visited landmark, attracting an average of 20,000 people a day, currently the tallest twin spired church at 157 meters 515 feet tall.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York_Minster
The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Saint Peter in York, commonly known as York Minster, is the cathedral of York, England, and is one of the largest of its kind in Northern Europe. The minster is the seat of the Archbishop of York, the second-highest office of the Church of England, and is the cathedral for the Diocese of York. It is run by a dean and chapter, under the Dean of York. The title "minster" is attributed to churches established in the Anglo-Saxon period as missionary teaching churches, and serves now as an honorific title.[1] Services in the minster are sometimes regarded as on the High Church or Anglo-Catholic end of the Anglican continuum.[2]
The minster has a very wide Decorated Gothic nave and chapter house, a Perpendicular Gothic Quire and east end and Early English North and South transepts. The nave contains the West Window, constructed in 1338, and over the Lady Chapel in the east end is the Great East Window, (finished in 1408), the largest expanse of medieval stained glass in the world. In the north transept is the Five Sisters Window, each lancet being over 52 feet (16 m) high.[citation needed] The south transept contains a rose window, while the West Window contains a heart-shaped design colloquially known as 'The Heart of Yorkshire'.
History
York has had a verifiable Christian presence from the 4th century. However, there is circumstantial evidence pointing to much earlier Christian involvement. According to Bede, missionaries were sent from Rome by Eleutherius at the request of the chieftain Lucius of Britain in AD 180 to settle controverted points of differences as to Eastern and Western ceremonials which were disturbing the church. Tradition speaks of 28 British bishops, one for each of the greater British cities, over whom presided the Archbishops of London, York and Caerleon-on-Usk.
The first recorded church on the site was a wooden structure built hurriedly in 627 to provide a place to baptise Edwin, King of Northumbria. Moves toward a more substantial building began in the decade of the 630s. A stone structure was completed in 637 by Oswald and was dedicated to Saint Peter. The church soon fell into disrepair and was dilapidated by 670 when Saint Wilfrid ascended to the See of York. He repaired and renewed the structure. The attached school and library were established and by the 8th century were some of the most substantial in Northern Europe.[citation needed][3]
In 741 the church was destroyed in a fire. It was rebuilt as a more impressive structure containing thirty altars. The church and the entire area then passed through the hands of numerous invaders, and its history is obscure until the 10th century. There was a series of Benedictine archbishops, including Saint Oswald of Worcester, Wulfstan and Ealdred, who travelled to Westminster to crown William in 1066. Ealdred died in 1069 and was buried in the church.[4]
The church was damaged in 1069 during William the Conqueror's harrying of the North, but the first Norman archbishop, Thomas of Bayeux, arriving in 1070, organised repairs. The Danes destroyed the church in 1075, but it was again rebuilt from 1080. Built in the Norman style, it was 111 m (364.173 ft) long and rendered in white and red lines. The new structure was damaged by fire in 1137 but was soon repaired. The choir and crypt were remodelled in 1154, and a new chapel was built, all in the Norman style.
The Gothic style in cathedrals had arrived in the mid 12th century. Walter de Gray was made archbishop in 1215 and ordered the construction of a Gothic structure to compare to Canterbury; building began in 1220. The north and south transepts were the first new structures; completed in the 1250s, both were built in the Early English Gothic style but had markedly different wall elevations. A substantial central tower was also completed, with a wooden spire. Building continued into the 15th century.
The Chapter House was begun in the 1260s and was completed before 1296. The wide nave was constructed from the 1280s on the Norman foundations. The outer roof was completed in the 1330s, but the vaulting was not finished until 1360. Construction then moved on to the eastern arm and chapels, with the last Norman structure, the choir, being demolished in the 1390s. Work here finished around 1405. In 1407 the central tower collapsed; the piers were then reinforced, and a new tower was built from 1420. The western towers were added between 1433 and 1472. The cathedral was declared complete and consecrated in 1472.[5]
The nave of York Minster
The English Reformation led to the looting of much of the cathedral's treasures and the loss of much of the church lands. Under Elizabeth I there was a concerted effort to remove all traces of Roman Catholicism from the cathedral; there was much destruction of tombs, windows and altars. In the English Civil War the city was besieged and fell to the forces of Cromwell in 1644, but Thomas Fairfax prevented any further damage to the cathedral.
Following the easing of religious tensions there was some work to restore the cathedral. From 1730 to 1736 the whole floor of the minster was relaid in patterned marble and from 1802 there was a major restoration. However, on 2 February 1829, an arson attack by a non-conformist, Jonathan Martin,[6] inflicted heavy damage on the east arm. An accidental fire in 1840 left the nave, south west tower and south aisle roofless and blackened shells. The cathedral slumped deeply into debt and in the 1850s services were suspended. From 1858 Augustus Duncombe worked successfully to revive the cathedral.
During the 20th century there was more concerted preservation work, especially following a 1967 survey that revealed the building, in particular the central tower, was close to collapse. £2,000,000 was raised and spent by 1972 to reinforce and strengthen the building foundations and roof. During the excavations that were carried out, remains of the north corner of the Roman Principia (headquarters of the Roman fort, Eboracum) were found under the south transept. This area, as well as remains of the Norman cathedral, re-opened to the public in spring 2013 as part of the new exhibition exploring the history of the building of York Minster.[7]
On 9 July 1984, a fire believed to have been caused by a lightning strike[8] destroyed the roof in the south transept, and around £2.5 million was spent on repairs. The fire was photographed from just south of the minster in the early hours by Bettison photographers. This picture was subsequently published showing the South transept alight with a list of North Yorkshire firefighters attending. The stations attending ranged from Scarborough to Harrogate. Huge amounts of water were needed to provide jets at great height to hit the roof timbers and protect the Rose Window. Most of the water was pumped from the Ouse nearby because the water supplies around the minster were inadequate. Fire crews from the main York fire station in Clifford Street worked hard to protect the Rose Window and stop the fire spreading into the tower and organ. Many crews worked for hours and some were on high levels of the minster at the time when the South transept roof fell in. Luckily, those few firefighters inside when the roof crashed down were not directly beneath. But what they saw after the ventilation released the smoke, was a pile of timber covering the whole of the south transept floor to a height of at least six feet. When daylight came the whole scene was occupied by media. At about 8am an officer was approached by two ladies looking for information. "Have you an account for The Times"? They said. The officer replied, "Actually, I spoke to the London and New York Times at about four thirty" The ladies then announced that they were from the Church Times. Reports of the fire travelled across both hemispheres. The Restoration work was completed in 1988, and included new roof bosses to designs which had won a competition organised by BBC Television's Blue Peter programme. In 2007 renovation began on the east front, including the Great East Window, at an estimated cost of £23 million.[9][10]
In 2000, the Dean and Chapter allowed the York Mystery Plays to be performed for the first time inside the Minster, directed by Greg Doran.[11]
Architecture of the present building
York Minster is the second largest Gothic cathedral of Northern Europe and clearly charts the development of English Gothic architecture from Early English through to the Perpendicular Period. The present building was begun in about 1230 and completed in 1472. It has a cruciform plan with an octagonal chapter house attached to the north transept, a central tower and two towers at the west front. The stone used for the building is magnesian limestone, a creamy-white coloured rock that was quarried in nearby Tadcaster. The Minster is 173 yards (158 m) long[citation needed] and the central tower has a height of 230 feet (70 m) high.[citation needed] The choir has an interior height of 102 feet (31 m).[citation needed]
The north and south transepts were the first parts of the new church to be built. They have simple lancet windows, including the Five Sisters in the north transept. These are five lancets, each 52 feet (16 m) high[citation needed] and glazed with grey (grisaille) glass, rather than narrative scenes or symbolic motifs that are usually seen in medieval stained glass windows. In the south transept is a rose window whose glass dates from about 1500 and commemorates the union of the royal houses of York and Lancaster. The roofs of the transepts are of wood, that of the south transept was burnt in the fire of 1984 and was replaced in the restoration work which was completed in 1988. New designs were used for the bosses, five of which were designed by winners of a competition organised by the BBC's Blue Peter television programme.
The chapter house.
Work began on the chapter house and its vestibule that links it to the north transept after the transepts were completed. The style of the chapter house is of the early Decorated Period where geometric patterns were used in the tracery of the windows, which were wider than those of early styles. However, the work was completed before the appearance of the ogee curve, an S-shaped double curve which was extensively used at the end of this period. The windows cover almost all of the upper wall space, filling the chapter house with light. The chapter house is octagonal, as is the case in many cathedrals, but is notable in that it has no central column supporting the roof. The wooden roof, which was of an innovative design, is light enough to be able to be supported by the buttressed walls. The chapter house has many sculptured heads above the canopies, representing some of the finest Gothic sculpture in the country. There are human heads, no two alike, and some pulling faces; angels; animals and grotesques. Unique to the transepts and chapter house is the use of Purbeck marble to adorn the piers, adding to the richness of decoration.
The Kings Screen and organ.
The nave was built between 1291 and c. 1350 and is also in the decorated Gothic style. It is the widest Gothic nave in England and has a wooden roof (painted so as to appear like stone) and the aisles have vaulted stone roofs. At its west end is the Great West Window, known as the 'Heart of Yorkshire' which features flowing tracery of the later decorated gothic period.
The east end of the Minster was built between 1361 and 1405 in the Perpendicular Gothic style. Despite the change in style, noticeable in details such as the tracery and capitals, the eastern arm preserves the pattern of the nave. The east end contains a four bay choir; a second set of transepts, projecting only above half-height; and the Lady Chapel. The transepts are in line with the high altar and serve to throw light onto it. Behind the high altar is the Great East Window, the largest expanse of medieval stained glass in the world, which is currently undergoing a massive conservation project, due to be completed in 2015–16. Below the Great East Window currently sits the Orb, a stainless steel dome which opened at the end of October 2012, containing five of the conserved panels from the window, one of which is changed each month. The Orb enables visitors to see the work of renowned medieval artist, John Thornton, up close, revealing the remarkable detail in each panel.
The sparsely decorated Central Tower was built between 1407 and 1472 and is also in the Perpendicular style. Below this, separating the choir from the crossing and nave is the striking 15th century choir screen. It contains sculptures of the kings of England from William the Conqueror to Henry VI with stone and gilded canopies set against a red background. Above the screen is the organ, which dates from 1832. The West Towers, in contrast with the Central Tower, are heavily decorated and are topped with battlements and eight pinnacles each, again in the Perpendicular style.
English Heritage has recently made publicly available a monograph[12] on the architectural history of York Minster. The book charts the construction and development of the minster based on the architectural recording of the building from the 1970s. The full report can be downloaded from the Archaeology Data Service website.
Stained glass
York as a whole, and particularly the minster, have a long tradition of creating beautiful stained glass. Some of the stained glass in York Minster dates back to the 12th century. The Minster's records show that much of the glass (white or coloured) came from Germany.[13] Upon arrival at York, it was intricately painted, fired, then glazed together with lead strips into the windows. The 76-foot (23 m)[citation needed] tall Great East Window, created by John Thornton in the early 15th century, is the largest expanse of medieval stained glass in the world. Other windows in the minster include an ornate rose window and the 50-foot (15 m)[citation needed] tall Five Sisters window. Because of the extended time periods during which the glass was installed, different types of glazing and painting techniques which evolved over hundreds of years are visible in the different windows. Approximately two million individual pieces of glass make up the cathedral's 128 stained glass windows. Much of the glass was removed before and pieced back together after the First and Second World Wars, and the windows are constantly being cleaned and conserved to keep their beauty intact.
In 2008 a major conservation project of the Great East Window commenced, involving the removal, repainting and re-leading of each individual panel.[14] While the window was in storage in the minster's stonemasons' yard, a fire broke out in some adjoining offices, due to an electrical fault, on 30 December 2009.[15] The window's 311 panes, stored in a neighbouring room, were undamaged and were successfully moved to safety.[16][17] In September 2015 Phase One of the renovation project of the East Front of the Minster was completed.[18]
Towers and bells
The two west towers of the minster hold bells, clock chimes and a concert carillon. The north-west tower contains Great Peter (216 cwt or 10.8 tons) and the six clock bells (the largest weighing just over 60 cwt or 3 tons). The south-west tower holds 14 bells (tenor 59 cwt or 3 tons) hung and rung for change ringing and 22 carillon bells (tenor 23 cwt or 1.2 tons) which are played from a baton keyboard in the ringing chamber (all together 35 bells.)
The clock bells ring every quarter of an hour during the daytime and Great Peter strikes the hour. The change ringing bells are rung regularly on Sundays before church services and at other occasions, the ringers practise on Tuesday evenings. York Minster became the first cathedral in England to have a carillon of bells with the arrival of a further twenty-four small bells on 4 April 2008. These are added to the existing "Nelson Chime" which is chimed to announce Evensong around 5.00 pm each day, giving a carillon of 35 bells in total (three chromatic octaves). The new bells were cast at the Loughborough Bell Foundry of Taylors, Eayre & Smith, where all of the existing minster bells were cast. The new carillon is a gift to the minster. It will be the first new carillon in the British Isles for 40 years and first hand played carillon in an English cathedral. Before Evensong each evening, hymn tunes are played on a baton keyboard connected with the bells, but occasionally anything from Beethoven to the Beatles may be heard.[19]
Shrines
When Thomas Becket was murdered and subsequently enshrined at Canterbury, York found itself with a rival major draw for pilgrims. More specifically, pilgrims spent money and would leave gifts for the support of the cathedral. Hence Walter de Gray, supported by the King, petitioned the Pope. On 18 March 1226, Pope Honorius issued a letter to the effect that the name of William (Fitzherbert), formerly Archbishop of York, was "inscribed in the catalogue of the Saints of the Church Militant." Thus there was now St William of York (whose name is perhaps more often associated with the adjacent St William's College). York had its saint but it took until 1279, when William de Wickwane (William de Wykewayne) was elected archbishop, for the remains of the canonised William to be transferred to a shrine prepared for them behind the high altar.[20] This was placed on a platform raised upon the arches of the crypt removed to this position for that purpose. On 29 December King Edward I himself, together with the bishops who were present, carried on their shoulder the chest or feretory containing the relics to their new resting-place and Anthony Beck, consecrated the same day as Bishop of Durham, paid all the expenses.
The tomb of Walter de Gray was erected in the south transept. His remains were interred on "the vigil of Pentecost, 1255"[20] under his effigy "in full canonicals" carved in Purbeck marble under a canopy resting on ten light pillars. It was subsequently somewhat hidden behind a screen of ironwork erected by Archbishop William Markham in the early 19th century.
Organ
The choir
The fire of 1829 destroyed the organ and the basis of the present organ dates from 1832, when Elliot and Hill constructed a new instrument. This organ was reconstructed in 1859 by William Hill and Sons. The case remained intact, but the organ was mechanically new, retaining the largest pipes of the former instrument.
In 1903, J.W. Walker and Sons built a new instrument in the same case. They retained several registers from the previous instrument.
Some work was undertaken in 1918 by Harrison & Harrison when the Tuba Mirabilis was added and the Great chorus revised. The same firm rebuilt this Walker-Harrison instrument in 1931 when a new console and electro-pneumatic action were added together with four new stops. The smaller solo tubas were enclosed in the solo box. In 1960, J.W. Walker & Sons restored the actions, lowered wind pressures and introduced mutations and higher chorus work in the spirit of the neo-classical movement. They cleaned the organ in 1982.
The fire of 1984 affected the organ but not irreparably; the damage hastened the time for a major restoration, which was begun in 1991 and finished two years later by Principal Pipe Organs of York, under the direction of their founder, Geoffrey Coffin, who had at one time been assistant organist at the Minster.[21]
Organists
The organists of York Minster have had several official titles, the job description roughly equates to that of Organist and Master of the Choristers. The current Organist and Director of Music of the minster is Robert Sharpe. There is also an assistant director of music, David Pipe, and an organ scholar.
Among the notable organists of York Minster are four members of the Camidge family, who served as the cathedral's organists for over 100 years, and a number of composers including John Naylor, T. Tertius Noble, Edward Bairstow, Francis Jackson, and Philip Moore.
Dean and chapter
Dean: The Very Revd Vivienne Faull (since 1 December 2012 installation[22])
Precentor: The Revd Canon Peter Moger (since 12 September 2010 installation[23])
Pastor: The Reverend Michael Smith
Chancellor: The Reverend Canon Christopher Collingwood
Archdeacon: The Reverend Canon David Butterfield
Burials
Bosa of York, Bishop of York and Saint (died c. 705)
Eanbald I, Archbishop (780–796)
Osbald, King of Northumbria (died 799)
Ealdred (archbishop of York) (1061–1069)
Thomas of Bayeux, Archbishop (1070–1100)
Gerard, Archbishop (1100–1108)
Thomas II of York, Archbishop (1108–1114)
William of York, Archbishop (1141–1147, 1153–1154)
Henry Murdac, Archbishop (1147–1153)
Roger de Pont L'Eveque, Archbishop {1154–1181}
Walter de Gray, Archbishop (1216–1255)
Sewal de Bovil, Dean and Archbishop (1256–1258)
Godfrey Ludham, Archbishop (1258–1265)
William Langton, Archbishop (1265)
Walter Giffard, Archbishop (1266–1279)
John le Romeyn, Archbishop (1286–1296)
Henry of Newark, Archbishop (1296–1299)
William Greenfield, Archbishop (1306–1315)
Prince William of Hatfield, Infant son of Edward III (1337)
William Melton, Archbishop (1317–1340)
William Zouche, Archbishop (1342–1352)
Henry Percy, soldier (1364–1403)
Richard le Scrope, Archbishop (1398–1405)
Henry Bowet, Archbishop (1407–1423)
Thomas Savage, Archbishop (1501–1507)
Hugh Ashton, Archdeacon of York (died 1522)
John Piers, Archbishop (1589–1594)
George Meriton, Dean of York (1579–1624)
Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, (1730-1782)
John Farr Abbott, barrister (1756–1794)
Astronomical clock
The astronomical clock was installed in the North Transept of York Minster in 1955. The clock is a memorial to the airmen operating from bases in Yorkshire, County Durham and Northumberland who were killed in action during the Second World War.[24]
Illuminations
In November 2002, York Minster was illuminated in colour, devised by York-born Mark Brayshaw, for the first time in its history. The occasion was televised live on the BBC1 Look North programme. Similar illuminations have been projected over the Christmas period in subsequent years.
York Minster was also artistically illuminated on 5 November 2005, celebrating the 400th anniversary of the foiling of York-born Guy Fawkes' gunpowder plot. This was done by Patrice Warrener using his unique "chromolithe" technique with which he 'paints' with light, picking out sculpted architectural details.
In October 2010, York Minster's south transept was selected for "Rose", a son et lumiere created by international artists Ross Ashton and Karen Monid which lit up the entire exterior of the south transept of the minster and illuminated the Rose Window. There were also satellite illuminate events in Dean's Park.
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The European Shag or Common Shag is a species of cormorant. It breeds here around the rocky coasts of Menorca - Balearic island of Spain. The green sheen on the feathers and green eyes results in the alternative name Green Cormorant. The European Shag is one of the deepest divers among the cormorant family. Using depth gauges, European Shags have been shown to dive to at least 45 metres. They find their prey on the sea bottom. They will eat a wide range of fish but their commonest prey is the sand eel. Shags will travel many kilometres from their roosting sites in order to feed. The dive times are typically around 20–45 seconds, with a recovery time of around 15 seconds between dives; this is consistent with aerobic diving, i.e. the bird depends on the oxygen in its lungs and dissolved in its bloodstream during the dive. When they dive, they jump out of the water first to give extra impetus to the dive. It breeds on coasts, nesting on rocky ledges or in crevices or small caves. The nests are untidy heaps of rotting seaweed or twigs.
From our apartment in Cala'n Bosch on the Spanish island of Menorca we found ourselves nestling between a spectacular coastline and the outstanding natural environments that have earned world-wide acclaim for Menorca. In 1993 UNESCO declared the island of Menorca Biosphere Reserve. UNESCO considered Menorca worthy of this declaration for the diversity of its Mediterranean landscape and the species of animals and plants found exclusively on The island, some of which are in danger of extinction. We explore some unique scenic landscapes on foot. We hike along along the coast line and found this peacefully rural location where we met the Green Cormorants nesting on the rocks. It is located on the South West tip of the island.
De Kuif Aalscholver is een vogel uit de orde van Suliformes. De vogel wordt ongeveer 75 centimeter groot, iets kleiner dan de gewone aalscholver. Verder lijken de soorten veel op elkaar, maar de kuifaalscholver heeft een dunnere snavel, een groenachtige ogen en verenglans en een voornamelijk bij adulte vogels zichtbare kuif. Kuifaalscholvers komen zelden in het binnenland voor. De kleur is groenzwart, met een gele snavelbasis. De kuifaalscholver onderscheidt zich in de broedtijd van de gewone aalscholver door o.a. een kleine, naar voren buigende kuif en het verenkleed is voornamelijk krijgt een groene glans. Buiten de broedtijd is de kuifaalscholver te herkennen aan het kleinere formaat, een minder dikke snavel en de rondere kop. De kuifaalscholver is een echte zeevogel en laat zich in tegenstelling tot de gewone aalscholver zelden in het binnenland zien. De aalscholver is een echte viseter. Ze kunnen langer dan een minuut onder water blijven en ze zwemmen met behulp van de zwemvliezen aan hun poten achter de prooi aan. De staart doet dan dienst als roer. De aalscholver heeft niet zo'n goede waterafstotende vetlaag als andere watervogels. Het verenkleed van de aalscholver is waterdoorlatend, omdat hij anders niet zou kunnen duiken. Bij het duiken naar vis wordt hij nat tot op de huid. Na het duiken gaat de aalscholver met uitgespreide vleugels op een paaltje of tak bij het water zitten. Hij droogt op deze manier zijn veren. De vogel broedt langs de noordelijke kusten van de Atlantische oceaan en langs de kusten van de Middellandse Zee, zoals hier op Menorca. In Nederland is de kuifaalscholver zeldzaam.
Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
Philadelphia :Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia,1817-1918.
Story. A Seed, the Earth, a Tree, the Sunlight, the Songbirds, and Man
A small seed fell to the earth. After a great rain blew by, the seed grew a tender sprout and its roots delved slowly into the soil below. The sprout grew tall in time, braving winds cruel and rain deep, seeing the changing of the seasons as the moon waxed and waned. In the summer, the earth brought forth gifts of water so that the sprout could endure the scorching heat. And because of the earth, the sprout did not feel the heat and thus it survived the heat of summer. When winter fell, the earth enveloped the sprout in its warm embrace and they clutched one another tightly. And because of the warmth of the earth, the sprout survived the bitter cold, passing unharmed through the wintry gales and snowfall of the season. Sheltered by the earth, the sprout grew brave and was happy. It grew tall and proud from the selfless nurturing the earth provided. The sprout grew happily. It sang as the rain splashed down and it danced and swayed as the wind blew. And thus, the sprout and the earth depend on one another …
Years passed, and the sprout was now a towering tree. It had grown stout branches tipped with countless leaves and stood strong upon the earth. The tree’s roots dug into the earth as they had before, but they now plunged deep into the soil below. What had once protected the sprout was now the foundation for the mighty tree.
A ray of sunlight shone down on the tree and the trunk shook. The tree reached out its branches wide and drew deeply from the light. The earth below breathed in rhythm with the tree, and the earth felt renewed, and just then, a fresh breeze blew among the branches, and the tree trembled in delight, bursting with energy. And thus, the tree and the sunlight depend on one another …
People sat in the cool shade of the tree and they basked in the brisk, fragrant air. The air cleansed their hearts and lungs, and it cleansed the blood within. The people no longer felt weary or burdened. And thus, the people and the tree depend on one another …
A flock of songbirds chirped as they alighted on the branches of the tree. Perhaps they were evading some foe, or they were breeding and raising their young, or maybe they were just taking a short rest. And thus, the birds and the tree depend on one another …
The roots of the tree, twisted and tangled, dug deep into the earth. Its trunk sheltered the earth from the wind and rain and it stretched out its great branches and protected the earth below it, and the tree did this because the earth is its mother. They live together, depend on one another, and they shall never dwell apart …
…………
All of the things I just talked about are things you have seen before, like seeds, you know about this, right? A seed growing into a tree might not be a process you see in detail, but you know that it is a fact, right? (Yes.) You know about the earth and the sunlight, right? The image of songbirds perching in a tree is a thing all people have seen, right? (Yes.) And people cooling off in the shade of a tree, you’ve all seen that, right? (We have seen that.) So what feeling do you get when you see all these examples in one image? (Harmony.) Do all the examples that exist in this image come from God? (Yes.) As they come from God, God knows the value and significance of these several examples existing together on the earth. When God created all things, He had a plan for each item, and each thing He created shows His intentions and He imbues life in them. He created the living environment for mankind, which is discussed in the story we just heard. It discussed the interdependence the seed and the earth have; the earth nourishes the seed and the seed is bound to the earth. The relationship between these two was predetermined by God from the very beginning, right? (Yes.) The tree, the sunlight, the songbirds, and man in this image, are they an example of the living environment that God created for mankind? (Yes.) First, can the tree leave the earth? (No.) Can the tree be without sunlight? (No.) Then what was God’s purpose for creating the tree, can we say that it was just for the earth? Can we say that it was just for the songbirds? Can we say that it was just for the people? (No.) What is the relationship between them? The relationship between them is one of interdependence wherein they cannot be separated. The earth, the tree, the sunlight, the songbirds, and the people rely on one another for existence and they nurture one another. The tree protects the earth while the earth nurtures the tree; the sunlight provides for the tree, while the tree creates fresh air from the sunlight and helps soothe the earth from the heat of the sunlight. Who benefits from this in the end? Mankind benefits from this, right? (Yes.) And this is one of the principles behind why God made the living environment for mankind and one of the primary purposes for it. Even though this is a simple picture, we can see God’s wisdom and His intentions. Mankind cannot live without the earth, or without trees, or without the songbirds and sunlight, right? Even though it was a story, it is a microcosm of God’s creation of the universe and His bestowal of the living environment upon man.
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Bécassine est un personnage de bande dessinée apparu pour la première fois dans le premier numéro de La Semaine de Suzette, magazine pour fillettes, le 2 février 1905.
Initialement prévue pour boucher une page blanche de la revue, l'histoire, écrite par Jacqueline Rivière et dessinée par Joseph Pinchon (1871-1953), et qui relatait une bévue commise par la bonne bretonne de l'auteur, rencontra un tel succès que de nouvelles planches paraîtront régulièrement, toujours en guise de remplissage ponctuel.
Toutefois, à partir de 1913, Bécassine, dont on apprend à cette occasion le vrai nom (Annaïck Labornez) deviendra l'héroïne d'histoires beaucoup plus structurées, toujours dessinées par Pinchon, mais dont les scénarios seront l'œuvre de Caumery, pseudonyme de Maurice Languereau (1867-1941), neveu et associé d'Henri Gautier dans la maison d'édition Gautier-Languereau, éditrice de la Semaine de Suzette.
De 1913 à 1950 sont parus 27 albums des aventures de Bécassine, tous dessinés par Pinchon (sauf deux, dessinés par Edouard Zier) et scénarisés par Maurice Languereau jusqu'en 1941 (année de son décès), remplacé, de 1948 à 1950, par d'autres personnes signant « Caumery ». L'album Les Petits Ennuis de Bécassine (1948) pourrait avoir été scénarisé par Madeleine-
Henriette Giraud, rédactrice en chef de la Semaine de Suzette de 1927 à 1949, tandis que l'ultime album de la série, Bécassine au studio (1950), semble avoir été écrit par un journaliste du Figaro ayant conservé l'anonymat.
D'autres albums et recueils sont parus après la mort de Pinchon en 1953, notamment une série dessinée par Trubert à partir de 1959.
Apparue trois ans avant Les Pieds Nickelés, la naissance de Bécassine est aussi celle de la BD moderne, la transition entre les histoires illustrées et la vraie bande dessinée. Son style de dessin, au trait rond, vif et moderne, inspirera une ligne graphique, la ligne claire, dont 25 ans plus tard Tintin sera le plus beau fleuron.
Tombée un peu dans l'oubli, Bécassine reviendra sur le devant de la scène grâce au tube de Chantal Goya « Bécassine, c'est ma cousine » vendu à plus de 3 millions d'exemplaires en 1979.
Depuis, et en réaction, le chanteur et guitariste breton Dan Ar Braz, qui a représenté la France à l'Eurovision en chantant en breton, a mis à son répertoire une chanson où il dément pour son compte : Bécassine, ce n'est pas ma cousine!
À la même époque l'émission de télévision Le Bébête show présentait Jean-Marie Le Pen sous la forme d'une marionnette parodiant notre héroïne : « Pencassine ».
La poste française sortira en avril 2005 un timbre-poste à l'effigie de Bécassine, à l'occasion du centenaire de la parution de sa première (més)aventure qui suscitera la réprobation de plusieurs associations bretonnes.
Petite anecdote, elle est dessinée sans bouche.
Bécassine et la Bretagne
La plupart du temps, ce personnage de Bécassine est mal pris par les Bretons (certains condamnent toutes ces rééditions, reprises, commémorations...). Il témoigne en tous cas du mépris dont les bas-bretons ont longtemps été l'objet.
Pour certains, dont Jean Cévaër, le personnage créé par Emile-Joseph-Porphyre Pinchon en 1905 représentait la bonne "provinciale" telle que la voyait les élites parisiennes et, sur la base de son costume, elle serait plutôt Picarde. C'est en 1913 que la "scénariste" d'origine madame Rivière est remplacée par monsieur Languereau, qui fit du personnage une Finistérienne.
Un groupe de Bretons agit le 18 juin 1939 au Musée Grévin à Paris, pour détruire la statue en cire du personnage. Patrick Guerin, l'un des acteurs de l'époque, s'est livré auprès des Editions Dalc'homp Soñj en 1983.
Pour Jean Cévaër, le film "Bécassine" de Pierre Caron, est raciste, et le centenaire du personnage de Bécassine en 2005 susciteront la colère de certains militants bretons.
Mais à d'autres occasions, les Bretons la reprennent à leur compte. Par exemple le magazine de bandes dessinées rennais Frilouz, dont le numéro zéro, partiellement repris dans le N°8 (février-mars 84), était un « Spécial Bécassine ».
La situation est en fait très compliquée, et il est rare que les militants aient lu les albums qu'ils condamnent. Il faut convenir qu'au début du siècle dernier les histoires bretonnes tiennent la place des histoires belges de naguère et c'est bien de cette façon qu'apparaît Bécassine la Bretonne dans les premières planches de La Semaine de Suzette qui la montrent dans des épisodes courts qui ne constituent pas une histoire suivie. C'est la brave fille naïve à qui son ignorance de la vie parisienne ne cesse de faire commettre des bourdes. C'est ainsi qu'elle ne sait pas ce qu'est un homard, sa maîtresse lui a simplement dit que c'est tout rouge et que, quand il arrivera, il faudra le mettre à l'office. Elle envoie donc à l'office le colonel en uniforme rouge que la marquise de Grand Air avait invité à déjeuner.
En fait ce sont tous les paysans qui, à l'époque, sont considérés comme des sauvages par les citadins. Maupassant n'hésite pas à écrire : « et ces fils des champs, plus proches des bêtes » (« Le papa de Simon », dans La Maison Tellier). Et les braves citadins de Normandie, lecteurs de Maupassant, appréciaient les expressions de ce genre. De la même façon, les filles de la bourgeoisie bretonne lisaient les mésaventures de cette paysanne sans se sentir le moins du monde visées.
Seulement, le succès du personnage incite les éditeurs à en faire une héroïne à part entière et forcément, étant donné le mécanisme d'identification au moins partielle chez les lectrices, il n'est plus question de la présenter comme complètement ridicule. Dans L'Enfance de Bécassine les erreurs qu'elle commet sont celles d'une petite fille naïve et qui a trop bon cœur, mais les autres enfants qui l'entourent sont autrement délurés, soit farceurs comme son cousin Joël, soit même assez méchants comme sa cousine Marie Quillouch. Il semble que les auteurs se soient à l'occasion un peu renseignés sur la Bretagne et c'est au contraire un aspect sympathique qu'ils en présentent avec le village de Clocher-les-Bécasses.
Arrive la guerre au cours de laquelle Bécassine est en quelque sorte mobilisée pour combattre le Boche au cours d'albums sur lesquels on peut passer et plongeons-nous dans un récit comme Bécassine, son oncle et leurs amis. Nous la voyons servir de guide à des gens de son village qui désirent visiter l'Exposition de Paris ; là encore ces provinciaux en costume breton vont connaître des mésaventures liées à leur ignorance de la vie parisienne. Mais un autre côté est à considérer : la Guerre a changé toutes les données dans la vie sociale, les petites lectrices s'en rendent compte en entendant parler leurs parents et très habilement La Semaine de Suzette essaie d'en tenir compte. Tandis que la marquise de Grand Air commence à éprouver des difficultés financières (elle sera bientôt obligée de quitter son hôtel particulier, loué à un Américain, ce qui est tout un symbole), les paysans de Clocher-les-Bécasses se sont maintenant enrichis avec la hausse du prix de la viande de porc et ils ont envie de visiter Paris. Le renversement est significatif. Au cours d'un épisode un peu compliqué, tout le monde se retrouve dans un grand restaurant où l'on mange des truffes et où l'on boit du champagne ; arrive l'addition forcément corsée, l'oncle Corentin, maire du village demande à chacun une petite somme et paye le reste. La petite lectrice de l'époque se rend compte alors que ce paysan est capable de sortir de sa poche une somme qui paraîtrait bien grosse à ses parents.
Les albums de Bécassine nous aident donc à voir comment a évolué la vision que la bourgeoisie avait de la campagne bretonne, vision de plus en plus positive.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The way to which mankind may hold
Is not the eternal way.
Eternal truths cannot be told
In what men write or say.
The name that may be named by man
Is not the eternal name
That was before the world began
Or human language came.
In that the namable took root,
The tree of fire and force,
Which, having blossomed and borne fruit,
Returns then to its source.
Who warms his body at that fire,
Sees nothing but its smoke;
But he who puts aside desire,
The flame’s self will invoke.
These two things are the same in source
But different in name;
Who solves this mystery has recourse
To that from whence he came.
................................. Charles H. Mackintosh (1926)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
God (the great everlasting infinite First Cause from whom all things in heaven and earth proceed) can neither be defined nor named.
For the God which can be defined or named is but the Creator, the Great Mother of all those things of which our senses have cognisance.
Now he who would gain a knowledge of the nature and attributes of the nameless and undefinable God, must first set himself free from all earthly desires, for unless he can do this, he will be unable to penetrate the material veil which interposes between him and those spiritual conditions into which he would obtain an insight.
Yet the spiritual and the material, though known to us under different names, are similar in origin, and issue from the same source, and the same obscurity belongs to both, for deep indeed is the darkness which enshrouds the portals through which we have to pass, in order to gain a knowledge of these mysteries.
................................. G.G. Alexander (1895)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Existence is beyond the power of words
To define:
Terms may be used
But are none of them absolute.
In the beginning of heaven and earth there were no words,
Words came out of the womb of matter;
And whether a man dispassionately
Sees to the core of life
Or passionately
Sees the surface,
The core and the surface
Are essentially the same,
Words making them seem different
Only to express appearance.
If name be needed, wonder names them both:
From wonder into wonder
Existence opens.
................................. Witter Bynner (1944)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
That Which Is Called The Tao Is Not The Tao
The flow of energy . . . . .
Here . . . . .
It . . . . .
Is . . . . .
Nameless . . . . .
Timeless . . . . .
Speed of Light . . . . .
Float . . . . . beyond fear . . . . .
Float . . . . . beyond desire . . . . .
Into . . . . . this Mystery of Mysteries
through this Gate . . . . . of All Wonder
................................. Timothy Leary (Psychedelic Prayers, 1966)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
====================================
====================================
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Personal Thoughts from August 07, 1976
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Energy is one.
Individuals are parts of that one.
Individuals through a source such as Love
(or other emotion or virtue) are one.
Thoughts are a source of energy.
Energy is neither created or destroyed.
Thoughts are neither created or destroyed.
Individuals are tuned-in to thoughts.
We do not think; we experience thought.
Our level of development is how we use
these thoughts to experience other
thoughts.
We are actually experiencing energies.
Our level of development is how we can
tune-in to these energies.
Our true purpose is to think and develop;
think and develop; become the source of energy.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
A Personal Haiku (05/05/2021)
============================
The Dao to humans
as lakes and oceans to fish
existence unknown
============================
A Couple of Haiku Notes:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Tao gives birth to One
One gives birth to yin and yang
then birth to all things
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The Yin and the Yang
they're not really opposites
complementary
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A Yin/Yang Perception of Opposites
Tao Te Ching -:- Verse 2
====================================
When people see things as beautiful,
ugliness is created.
When people see things as good,
evil is created.
Being and non-being produce each other.
Difficult and easy complement each other.
Long and short define each other.
High and low oppose each other.
Fore and aft follow each other.
====================================
In Chinese philosophy, yin and yang (also, yin-yang or yin yang) describes how apparently opposite or contrary forces are actually complementary, interconnected, and interdependent in the natural world, and how they give rise to each other as they interrelate to one another. Many tangible dualities (such as light and dark, fire and water, and male and female) are thought of as physical manifestations of the duality of yin and yang. This duality lies at the origins of many branches of classical Chinese science and philosophy, as well as being a primary guideline of traditional Chinese medicine, and a central principle of different forms of Chinese martial arts and exercise, such as baguazhang, taijiquan (t'ai chi), and qigong (Chi Kung), as well as in the pages of the I Ching written in 1,000 BC and before.
Yin and yang can be thought of as complementary (rather than opposing) forces that interact to form a dynamic system in which the whole is greater than the assembled parts. Everything has both yin and yang aspects, (for instance shadow cannot exist without light). Either of the two major aspects may manifest more strongly in a particular object, depending on the criterion of the observation. The yin yang shows a balance between two opposites with a little bit in each.
In Daoist metaphysics, distinctions between good and bad, along with other dichotomous moral judgments, are perceptual, not real; so, the duality of yin and yang is an indivisible whole. In the ethics of Confucianism on the other hand, most notably in the philosophy of Dong Zhongshu (c. 2nd century BC), a moral dimension is attached to the idea of yin and yang.
......................................................................................... Wikipedia
A Cybernetic Thought
=====================================
The creation of negative entropy through
complimentary forces of energy.
Yin --- Yang
0 --- 1
abdomen --- back
absorbing --- penetrating
acidity --- alkalinity
affective --- cognitive
afternoon --- morning
autumn --- spring
back --- front
backward --- forward
belly --- head
below --- above
black --- white
bottom --- top
broken --- solid
calm --- chaos
center --- extreme
centripetal force --- centrifugal force
chills --- fever
cinnabar --- lead
clockwise --- counter-clockwise
cold --- hot
contracting --- expanding
copper--- tin
darkness --- light
death --- life
diffuse --- focused
down --- up
earth --- sky
eight --- nine
emotional --- logical
empty --- full
end of motion --- beginning of motion
even --- odd
expands --- contracts
fat --- muscle
feeling --- knowledge
female --- male
feminine --- masculine
flexible --- firm
fluid --- static
follower --- leader
forgiveness --- anger
freezing water --- boiling water
fruits --- cereals
heart --- brain
introvert --- extrovert
intuitive --- logical
involuntary --- voluntary
inner --- outer
inward --- outward
left --- right
liquid --- solid
low --- high
magnetic --- electrical
me --- I
minus --- plus
momentum --- position
moon --- sun
mother --- father
negative --- positive
new testament --- old testament
night --- day
non-action --- action
north --- south
northwest --- southeast
off --- on
open --- close
orange --- azure
passion --- reason
passive --- active
passivity --- aggressiveness
potassium --- sodium
process --- structure
pull --- push
quiet --- loud
receiving --- giving
receptive --- projecting
relaxed --- tense
salt --- pepper
sensitivity --- firmness
short --- tall
six --- seven
slow --- fast
small --- large
soft --- hard
spiritual --- physical
static --- energetic
stillness --- motion
subconscious --- conscious
subjective --- objective
submissive --- dominant
sugar --- salt
sunset --- sunrise
sweet --- sour
taking --- giving
tiger --- dragon
tranquil --- active
valley --- mountain
venus --- jupiter
water --- ice
weak --- strong
west --- east
wet --- dry
winter --- summer
wisdom --- intelligence
woman --- man
xue-blood --- qi-energy
yielding --- aggressive
zero --- one
====================================================
www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdD80MkLEE4&list=PLGm3KNNHzSQ...
====================================================
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
A haiku question
Is it wise to seek wisdom?
Ask someone who knows
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Seek and you shall find
ask and it will be given
those who are wise know
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
真理应该是唯一的宗教
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Zhēnlǐ yīnggāi shì wéiyī de zōngjiào
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
el.godfootsteps.org/videos/all-things-set-down-by-God-hym...
Πηγή Ζωής
Χριστιανικά τραγούδια | Τα πάντα ζουν με τους νόμους και τους κανόνες που έθεσε ο Θεός
Χιλιάδες χρόνια πέρασαν,
κι ο άνθρωπος απολαμβάνει
το φως, τον αέρα, τα δώρα του Θεού.
Την πνοή του Θεού εισπνέει και εκπνέει ακόμα ο άνθρωπος.
Τα δημιουργήματα του Θεού ο άνθρωπος απολαμβάνει,
τα ψάρια, τα πουλιά, τα λουλούδια και τα έντομα.
Ο άνθρωπος απολαμβάνει όλα όσα έχει δώσει
κι έχει προσφέρει ο Θεός.
Η μέρα κι η νύχτα διαδέχονται η μία την άλλη.
Εναλλάσσονται οι τέσσερις εποχές.
Στον ουρανό πετούν,
οι χήνες, φεύγουν τον χειμώνα, την άνοιξη ξαναγυρνούν.
Στα ποτάμια, στις λίμνες, τα ψάρια ποτέ
δεν εγκαταλείπουν το υδάτινο σπίτι τους.
Τις μέρες του καλοκαιριού,
τζιτζίκια τραγουδούν διαρκώς τη χαρά τους δυνατά.
Τις μέρες του φθινοπώρου,
τα τριζόνια λένε το δικό τους τραγούδι στου ανέμου τον ρυθμό.
Οι χήνες φτιάχνουν σμήνη,
ενώ οι αετοί πετούν μόνοι.
Τα λιοντάρια κυνηγούν,
ενώ τα ελάφια μένουν στο χορτάρι και στα λουλούδια…
Κάθε πλάσμα αυτού του κόσμου
έρχεται και φεύγει διαρκώς,
χιλιάδες αλλαγές κάθε στιγμή.
Αυτό που δεν αλλάζει ποτέ είναι τα ένστικτα
και της επιβίωσης οι νόμοι.
Όλα ζουν και τρέφονται με την πρόνοια του Θεού.
Τα ένστικτά τους κανείς δεν μπορεί ν’ αλλάξει,
κανείς δε μπορεί να σπάσει τους νόμους της επιβίωσής τους.
Κανείς δε μπορεί να σπάσει τους νόμους της επιβίωσής τους.
από το βιβλίο «Ακολουθήστε τον Αμνό και τραγουδήστε νέα τραγούδια»
Κυριαρχία του Θεού
Miandam is a hill station located in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the Hindu Kush.[1] It is located at 35°3′12″N 72°33′39″E, 55 km from Mingora the capital of Swat Valley, and 56 kilometers (35 mi) from Saidu Sharif.[2]
In the 1980s, it completed a mosque, medical complex, and plumbing system.[1] Its economy focuses on skiing tourism and agriculture. While the agriculture was mostly centered on corn and potatoes,[1] the town is the site of a World Wide Fund for Nature project promoting sustainable harvesting of medicinal plants, and now about 1,000 people are dependent on he medicinal plant trade for their entire income.[3] As of 1988, its population was 3,000;[1] but it is now estimated to be 20,000, including neighboring hamlets.[3]
Description
The metaled road passes small villages stacked up the hillside, the roofs of one row of houses forming the street for the row of houses above. Tiny terraced fields march up the hillside right to the top. Miandam is a good place for walkers. Paths follow the stream, past houses with behives set into the walls and good-luck charms whitewashed around the doors. In the graveyards are carved wooden grave posts with floral designs, like those used by Buddhists 1,000 years ago. Notable person:
Dr.ANWAR ALI(born 12 March 1988)is a medical student in Cuba from miandam swat