View allAll Photos Tagged Neolithic
Where Let Lines Meet and sheep graze.
Arbow Low Derbyshire. An Ancient Henge and Fallen Stone Circle or Oval
Coves are very rare at British prehistoric sites with only three other examples in England at Stanton Drew, Avebury and Castlerigg.
Di estremo interesse, questa tomba si caratterizza per una serie di bellissime decorazioni in rilievo con motivi a spirale e a dentelli. Purtroppo, come ben si vede, la tomba è oggi a cielo aperto, essendo stata distrutta totalmente la copertura a volta.
FS 18.2.16
Avebury is a Neolithic henge monument containing three stone circles, around the village of Avebury in Wiltshire, in southwest England. One of the best known prehistoric sites in Britain, it contains the largest megalithic stone circle in the world. It is both a tourist attraction and a place of religious importance to contemporary pagans.
Constructed over several hundred years in the third millennium BC, during the Neolithic, or New Stone Age, the monument comprises a large henge (a bank and a ditch) with a large outer stone circle and two separate smaller stone circles situated inside the centre of the monument. Its original purpose is unknown, although archaeologists believe that it was most likely used for some form of ritual or ceremony. The Avebury monument is a part of a larger prehistoric landscape containing several older monuments nearby, including West Kennet Long Barrow, Windmill Hill and Silbury Hill.
By the Iron Age, the site had been effectively abandoned, with some evidence of human activity on the site during the Roman period. During the Early Middle Ages, a village first began to be built around the monument, eventually extending into it. In the Late Medieval and Early Modern periods, local people destroyed many of the standing stones around the henge, both for religious and practical reasons. The antiquarians John Aubrey and William Stukeley took an interest in Avebury during the 17th century, and recorded much of the site before its destruction. Archaeological investigation followed in the 20th century, led primarily by Alexander Keiller, who oversaw a project which reconstructed much of the monument.
Avebury is owned and managed by the National Trust. It has been designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument, as well as a World Heritage Site, in the latter capacity being seen as a part of the wider prehistoric landscape of Wiltshire known as Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites.
- Wikipedia
This tomb belongs to the "Domus de Janas" typology, prehistoric tombs from the Neolithic and Copper Ages carved into the rock (granite in this case!!!), which were recently recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Significance: In addition to their burial function, these tombs are important because they represent a three-dimensional model of the period dwelling and have been the subject of numerous popular legends associating them with fairy creatures.
"Beeston Castle is a former Royal castle in Beeston, Cheshire, England (grid reference SJ537593), perched on a rocky sandstone crag 350 feet (107 m) above the Cheshire Plain. It was built in the 1220s by Ranulf de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, (1170–1232), on his return from the Crusades. In 1237, Henry III took over the ownership of Beeston, and it was kept in good repair until the 16th century, when it was considered to be of no further military use, although it was pressed into service again in 1643, during the English Civil War. The castle was slighted (partly demolished) in 1646, in accordance with Cromwell's destruction order, to prevent its further use as a stronghold. During the 18th century the site was used as a quarry.
"It is rumoured that treasure belonging to Richard II lies undiscovered in the castle grounds, but the many searches that have been carried out have failed to find any trace of it. The castle is now in ruins. The walls of the outer bailey, and the walls, gatehouse of the inner bailey are separately recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated Grade I listed buildings. The castle is also a Scheduled Ancient Monument, owned by English Heritage.
"Beeston crag is one of a chain of rocky hills stretching across the Cheshire Plain. Pits dating from the 4th millennium BC indicate the site of Beeston Castle may have been inhabited or used as a communal gathering place during the Neolithic period. Archaeologists have discovered Neolithic flint arrow heads on the crag, as well as the remains of a Bronze Age community, and of an Iron Age hill fort. The rampart associated with the Bronze Age activity on the crag has been dated to around 1270–830 BC; seven circular buildings were identified as being either late Bronze Age or early Iron Age in origin. It may have been a specialist metalworking site."
In October 1981, flying tiger ancient human remains from Guizhou Provincial Museum trial excavation, the accumulation of complex, broadly divided into early and late phases. Early formation of yellow or grayish yellow, unearthed panda, Stegodon fossils, stone products are made for the late Paleolithic culture era. Advanced formation is black, black, unearthed animal genetic pulp for extant species, and human mandibular and chipped stone, grinding stone, grinding bone, pottery and other large, geological time for the Holocene, culture in the age of the Neolithic age, that about 4000 years ago to 6000 years.
Unearthed stone products made a total of 532 pieces of raw materials, mainly to flint stone, there is, nuclear, stone etc.. The stone to stone, with the forward direction of processing processing, types of hit device, a scraper, tip like device and dolabriform etc.. The scraper accounted for 76%, tip like device is small but fine processing. The axe is a symbol of the transformation of Neolithic culture. 27 pieces of polished stone, delicate process, a stone axe, stone adzes, stone spinning wheels, stone scraper, stone arrow head, small stones (spear) 8. The number of stone adzes, regular shape, with long oblique cutting tool representative. 79 pieces of bone, in addition to the 1 pieces of grinding residual bone scraper, are making bone, bone and bone shovel cone. The three notches in the teeth may be scratching the porcupine symbol. In addition to pottery and ball spinning round round cake 1, the rest are all pieces of artifacts. 1494 tablets. The uneven thickness, thickness of 1.2 cm, thickness of only 0.2 cm, high temperature, hard texture. About 70% of sand pottery, pottery sand shale pottery class accounted for 30%, very little. Sand and sand are mainly sand. Pottery ornamentation is complicated, there are thick rope lines and Fang Gewen cone, tattoo, carved lines and lines and other additional cone. There are 3 pieces of pottery pottery, which has 1 pieces of orange powder is subjected to pottery coating inside and outside the grey clay, on the exterior is painted with two parallel red bands. This is the first time in Guizhou, Guizhou is also the earliest pottery record.
The site has a new and old stone formation, and the cultural connotation is rich. Pottery appear more attractive, but considerable differences in advanced culture. These have great significance to the study of the relationship between the new and the old stone culture in Guizhou and the time continuity of the times.
In February 23, 1982, the Guizhou Provincial People's Government approved the publication of the provincial cultural relics protection units. 1981年10月，飞虎山古人类遗址由贵州省博物馆试掘，洞内堆积复杂，大致分早、晚两期。早期地层呈黄色或灰黄色，出土大熊猫、剑齿象等化石，石制品均为打制，文化时代为旧石器时代晚期。晚期地层呈黑色、灰黑色，出土动物遗髓为现生属种，并出人类下颌件和打制石器、磨制石器、磨制骨器、大量的陶片等，地质时代为全新世，文化时代属新石器时代，推测距今约4000年至6000年。
遗址出土打制的石制品共532件，原料以燧石为主，有是核、石片、石器等。石器以石片为主，加工方向以正向加工为主，类型有砸器、刮削器、尖状器和斧形器等。其中刮削器占76%，尖状器虽少但加工精细。斧形器似为向新石器文化转化的象征。磨制石器27件，加工精致，有石斧、石锛、石纺轮、石刮刀、石箭(矛)头、小石块等8种。石锛数量多，形制规整，以长形斜刃具代表性。骨器79件，除1件残的磨制骨刮刀外，均为打制骨器，有骨锥和骨铲。其中豪猪牙上的三道刻痕可能是刻划符。陶器除圆饼式及圆珠纺轮各1件外，其余全是器物碎片。计1494片。其厚度不匀，厚者达1.2厘米，薄者仅0.2厘米，火候高，质地坚硬。夹砂灰陶约占70%，夹砂黑陶占30%，泥质类陶极少。夹砂陶以夹细砂为主。陶片纹饰复杂多样，有粗细绳纹、方格纹、锥刺纹、刻划纹和附加锥纹等。陶片中有3片彩陶，其中有1片是在泥质灰陶的内外施以粉澄色陶衣，再于外表绘有两条平行的红色条带。这是贵州首次发现，也是贵州迄今最早的彩陶记录。
遗址具有新、旧石器地层叠压，文化内涵丰富。彩陶的出现更引人瞩目，但中、晚期文化差异颇大。这些对研究贵州新、旧石器文化的相互关系和时代延续问题具有重要的意义。
1982年2月23日，经贵州省人民政府批准公布为省级文物保护单位。
Limestone sculptures from the sanctuary of Zeus Thenatas at Amnisos representing an eagle and a falcon. They were probably placed on top of tall rectangular columns in the sanctuary area in order to be visible from a distance. They were the symbols respectively of Zeus and Hera, as can be deduced frim their depiction together with the two great gods of the Greek pantheon in various representations. Archaic period, mid 6th cent. BC
La più bella collezione di arte e cultura minoica nel mondo, unico per bellezza e completezza è ospitato nel Museo di Herakleion; Uno dei più grandi, più importanti e più visitati musei della Grecia, e tra i più importanti d'Europa.
la mostra del museo contiene più di 15.000 reperti, che abbraccia un periodo di 5000 anni, dal neolitico al periodo greco romano.
The most magnificent collection of Minoan art and culture in the world, unique in beauty and completeness is housed in the Museum of Herakleion; One of the largest, most important and most visited museums in Greece, and among the most important in Europe.
The museum's exhibition contains more than 15,000 artefacts, covering a period of 5,000 years, from neolithic era to Graeco Roman period.
Legananny Dolmen is a megalithic dolmen or cromlech nine miles southeast of Banbridge and three miles north of Castlewellan, both in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is on the slopes of Slieve Croob near the village of Leitrim, in Drumgooland parish, nestled between the farmer's stone wall and a back road. It is a State Care Historic Monument sited in the townland of Legananny, in Banbridge District.
This tripod dolmen has a capstone over 3m long and 1.8m from the ground. It dates to the Neolithic period, making the monument approximately 5,000 years old. Such portal tombs were funerary sites for the disposal of the dead in Neolithic society. The heavy stones would have been dragged some distance before being set in place. The three supporting stones are unusually long and there are slight traces of a cairn which must have been far more extensive. Some urns were found underneath.
The name Legananny is believed to be derived from Irish Liagán Á
ine, meaning "Áine's standing stone" – Áine being an Irish goddess.
Choirokoitia in Cyprus is one of the oldest villages in the world, about 9000 years old. The people who colonized the island came by boat and brought cerials and domesticated animals with them. They represent the Cypriot Aceramic Neolithic, a particular culture using stone, bone and wooden tools. Pottery, however, was not yet invented, and for metal working we would have to wait for many millennia to come. Yet, these people decided to live together in a community surrounded by walls and in individual houses. They produced art and buried their dead inside their dwellings. If you wish to know how humanity made the transition from hunter-gatherers to an agricultural lifestyle - and finally to urbanisation, look at Choirokoitia. The image shows a modern reconstruction. The remnants of the village itself extend up and around the hill behind (and are considerably less photogenic).
British Isles, Circa 6,000 ybp
The rough working of stone quarried on the high peaks of the 'Langdale Pikes', deep in the Lake District - just under Dumfries and Galloway in Scotland and to the western side of the Pennines. Final polishing of the mine's rough stone occurred further down in sites such as Ehenside Tarn.
The open mines of Langdale account for 27 percent of British neolithic polished tools. It's axes and tools were not flint creations, rather they came from an igneous rock that had been refined and further hardened by metamorphic activity.
Production at the site was maintained for around 1000 years with finished axes found all over Britain and Ireland with clusters aside the Grimes Graves region - potentially a result of mobile negotiators. Neolithic societies seem therefore to have had strategies of goodwill and social mediation.
The axes seem to strive for perfection, to transcend the original material and transform into objects on a par with those observed in the living world - symmetry, clean lines, fine surfaces...
A polished axe blade will be stronger, so makes sense, but on these large and time consuming tools, every side and surface has the same shine! The desire for a perfect surface seems to have often been to bring to attention the beauty within the stone, and this seems to have pushed people to highest levels of general polishing and essential form. With the stones often coming from specific far away locations, it's as if ideas of great distances could be held inside a tool of great universality and utility. Many of the best examples show few signs of use, and maybe they were perfect symbols of far off friendship rather than hierarchical symbols of fractures of power and individual wealth. A focal object for vivid conversation regarding links ; contacts and assurances to help visualise the obvious networks of trade and movement that, even today, armature the neolithic record.
AJM
"339
Grotte de la Madeleine
Villeneuve-lès-Maguelone (Hérault),
Site archéologique Lattara
Montpellier
Once again a pot from the mid neolithic that was conceived for integrated string that would let it hang from a beam - probably near to where cooking occurred, so hanging with other pots in a line somewhere close to a fire place.
Low temperature firing (pre-glaze) requiring much potter's time buffing the drying clay to attain a water-proof surface. The precious final object could flit between definition; holding grain, water, human burial bones, nuts, flour, and so on. Everything about hanging round ceramics of the mid neolithic seems to have retained a maximum reverberation of the ceramics 'chambre' and there is a possibility that function changed with context, with the same bowl that transformed natural ingredients into 'supper' employed to transform a singing voice into a larger dynamic stylized musical resonance. Singing, clapping and playing pipes over hanging bowels being a potential way to access a myriad realm of amplification and reverb. Here is an example of a pot that seems to have been designed to hang in a tilted aspect. Whilst this might simply be to access 'dried herbs' for stews, the possibility should at least be levied that this might be an example of an early microphone from around 6,000 ybp.
AJM 21.05.18
These two huts are reconstructions of Neolithic houses. Their shape is based on excavations of Neolithic houses at Durrington Walls dating back to 2500BC. They are made from thin hazel rods woven around upright posts. The woven structure is then covered, inside and out, with a mixture of crushed chalk, chopped straw and water. This is called chalk daub. Their roofs have been thatched with straw from wheat. There are 5 houses in total, outside the Visitor Centre at Stonehenge.
Rock art (c. 3500 B.C.E.) on an orthostat in the passage of Cairn T at Loughcrew, Co.Meath. The T-shaped engraving to the left of the lowermost concentric circle is likely modern (19th. century?) graffiti.
Looking through the passageway entrance of the Neolithic chambered cairn that sits near the north shore of Loch na h-Airde on the Rubha an Dunain peninsula on Skye. Amazing to think this was built sometime in the 2nd or 3rd millennium BC!
The centre of the structure has collapsed hence the daylight showing inside the central chamber.
Walking around Avebury Henge, a Neolithic henge monument containing three stone circles, in Avebury, near Marlborough in Wiltshire. It is both a tourist attraction and a place of religious importance to contemporary Pagans.
Constructed over several hundred years in the 3rd millennium BC, during the Neolithic, or 'New Stone Age', the monument comprises a large henge (a bank and a ditch) with a large outer stone circle and two separate smaller stone circles situated inside the centre of the monument. Its original purpose is unknown, although archaeologists believe that it was most likely used for some form of ritual or ceremony. The Avebury monument was a part of a larger prehistoric landscape containing several older monuments nearby, including West Kennet Long Barrow and Silbury Hill.
By the Iron Age, the site had been effectively abandoned, with some evidence of human activity on the site during the Roman occupation. During the Early Middle Ages, a village first began to be built around the monument, which eventually extended into it. In the Late Medieval and Early Modern periods, locals destroyed many of the standing stones around the henge, both for religious and practical reasons. The antiquarians John Aubrey and William Stukeley however took an interest in Avebury during the 17th century, and recorded much of the site before its destruction. Archaeological investigation followed in the 20th century, led primarily by Alexander Keiller, who oversaw a project of reconstructing much of the monument.
Avebury is owned and managed by the National Trust, a charitable organisation who keep it open to the public. It has been designated a Scheduled Ancient Monument, as well as a World Heritage Site, in the latter capacity being seen as a part of the wider prehistoric landscape of Wiltshire known as Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites.
At 22 feet and 6 inches high this is more than enough height for three tall men to balance foot to heads, or around four ladies with uttermost elegance and precarity. Add a further 10 feet under the ground for counter-balance, and this is the second tallest standing stone in the British isles and is the last of the three remaining stones from this stone row of exceptional megalithic giants.
Far away on a diagonal to the south of England, a new tunnel to remove an intrusive road from the Stonehenge landscape will greatly improve the way that the unique henge circle monument is appreciated. High, if not highest on the list of other prehistoric sites in desperate need of attention is the Boroughbridge neolithic monument pictured above. Today the stone row is flanked on one side by an A168 / A1(M) and dissected by a local 'Roecliffe Lane' that annexes the above stone from its coherence and prehistoric definition. The row is also locked into the view of a wake of new houses. Arable farming is practices around the feet of the two standing stones that still constitute a row and a long term program is required that might follow these lines:
1/ Move Roecliffe lane to the south. The above stone has a fence. Roecliffe lane is on the other side of the fence with the rest of the stone row in the following field. Moving the lane would reunite the row.
2/ Landscape the joined space and convert three adjacent arable field into grass for sheep.
3/ Expand the landscaping of the field to the adjacent river Ure. Parking and a small entrance hut would assure a modest income to fund micro preservation issues. Already these changes would effect a significant 'gift' to the British Isles.
4/ Elements of missing stones are said to be in locations such as a local bridge not far behind the tripod in the above shot, and Aldborough Manor. An effort should be made to retrieve these stones and reconstitute at least one of the missing stones using sculpted reconstituted stone around an armature that holds missing elements. The sihouette and first regard would be in keeping and the intervention clear without artifice.
AJ
In need of some modernisation, it benefits from a rural location well served by transport with easy links to the A303. Set in several acres of peaceful countryside -would make an ideal family home. Viewing recommended.
5000/4900 - 3900 BC item found in Lișcoteanca archaeological site in Brăila county, exhibited in Braila Museum. Processed with snapseed.
Skara Brae /ˈskærə ˈbreɪ/ is a stone-built Neolithic settlement, located on the Bay of Skaill on the west coast of Mainland, the largest island in the Orkney archipelago of Scotland. It consists of eight clustered houses, and was occupied from roughly 3180 BC–2500 BC. Europe's most complete Neolithic village, Skara Brae gained UNESCO World Heritage Site status as one of four sites making up "The Heart of Neolithic Orkney."a Older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids, it has been called the "Scottish Pompeii" because of its excellent preservation.[1]