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Presented at ESA’s Advanced Manufacturing workshop, this 1.5 m-long hard polymer bar was produced using a 3D printer that is much smaller than it is.
The printer is capable of printing parts of unlimited dimensions in a single direction. It is a ground demonstrator version of 3D printing technology which is ultimately intended for use aboard the International Space Station.
ESA advanced manufacturing engineer Advenit Makaya explains: “Developing out-of-Earth manufacturing solutions for large parts, in a human exploration context such as here and later on for spacecraft structural parts will be essential in enhancing the sustainability and robustness of future space missions.”
Known as Project IMPERIAL, the aim is to develop out-of-Earth manufacturing methods that overcome the build constraints of current 3D printers, enabling easy onboard building and maintenance to enhance the self-sufficiency of future space missions.
“With this activity we have overcome one of the main limitation of 3D printing – the build volume - while using a compact 3D printer capable to process high performance thermoplastics,” notes ESA materials specialist Ugo Lafont. “This is a great achievement that will extend the application field of this on-demand manufacturing process.”
The project is being undertaken for ESA by a consortium led by OHB in Germany, with Azimut Space in Germany, Athlone Institute of Technology in the Republic of Ireland and BEEVERYCREATIVE in Portugal developing the 3D printer.
“Innovating within a working group, – the consortium and ESA technical officers – that fully cooperates and creates synergies, has been a great pleasure,” says Aurora Baptista, CEO of BEEVERYCREATIVE. “It adds to the honor of contributing to an advance that enlarges the concept of being global.”
The company has shared video from a test printing here.
Credits:
BEEVERYCREATIVE
This former motor vehicle factory was built in 1917 by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners, in collaboration with Truscon, for Tilling-Stevens Ltd. It is an example of a factory designed using the Kahn Daylight System. The various sheds which adjoin the factory building to the south are not of special interest.
Reasons for Designation
The former Tilling-Stevens factory, 1917 by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners, in collaboration with Truscon, is designated at Grade II for the following principal reasons: * Historic interest: the building is the earliest surviving by the practice of Wallis, Gilbert and Partners, the foremost factory architects of the inter-war period; it is also one of few surviving examples of their early Daylight factories not to have undergone significant alteration; * Technical interest: the building is one of few surviving examples of a group of English factories built using the Kahn Daylight System, an adaptable, efficient and influential system of factory building, developed in America for the construction of automotive factories; * Architectural interest: the front elevation of this imposing building employs the compositional devices and decorative motifs which became synonymous with the work of Wallis, Gilbert and Partners; the powerful rationality of its other elevations expresses the modern approach to industrial architecture that its design, construction and layout embodies.
History
In 1916 Thomas Wallis (1872-1953) founded the architectural practice of Wallis, Gilbert and Partner (becoming Wallis, Gilbert and Partners the following year). In the early years of the practice it worked in close collaboration with Trussed Concrete Steel Limited (Truscon). Truscon's proprietary system of concrete reinforcement had been developed by the Kahn family, who had set up Truscon to exploit the system in America; an English branch of the company formed in 1907. In America the Kahn system had been applied to the creation of a particular model of factory design which was based on a regular grid of column, beam and slab, in which the concrete frame was fully exposed, and the external walls were glass-filled, it was called the 'Kahn Daylight System' of factory design. The best known and most influential American example is Henry Ford's Highland Park Ford Plant, Michigan, designed and built in 1908 by Albert Kahn. Truscon built several Daylight factories in Britian prior to the partnership with Wallis, Gilbert and Partners (including three in Scotland), but the only English one known to survive in anything like original condition is Enterprise House, Hayes, of 1912, listed Grade II.
Together, Wallis, Gilbert and Partners and Truscon designed and constructed of a number of Daylight factories in England, of which the Tilling-Stevens factory is the earliest surviving. Wallis Gilbert and Partners went on to great success as an architectural practice, designing many factories and commercial buildings in the interwar period. One of their best known works is the Grade II* listed former Hoover Factory (1932-35) in Ealing.
Tilling-Stevens Ltd was formed in 1915 after WA Stevens, inventor of the petrol-electric motor, met Richard Tilling of Thomas Tilling Ltd, London's oldest omnibus operator (established 1847). The men recognised the potential for petrol-electric transmission in motorised buses, and the companies went into partnership together, manufacturing their own vehicles. New premises were added to Stevens' Maidstone works (known as the Victoria Works) in 1912, and following the formation of Tilling-Stevens Limited the works were enlarged again with the construction of the Wallis Gilbert and Partners factory in 1917 to accommodate production for war requirements.
The original design for the factory was a five-storey hollow rectangle, with a central, glazed, single-storey space within the well, which would contain part of the assembly shop. It was designed to be built in stages, with the south and west sides of the rectangle shown on the plans as 'future extension' (J Skinner 1997, 50). It is thought likely that the decision only to build the north and east sides of the rectangle was taken at an early stage, as the attic storey is centred over the existing front elevation. The factory was designed so as to accommodate all the various manufacturing processes in a downward flow through the building, each level being linked by electric lifts. Power was supplied to work stations by shafted over-head motors suspended from the beams.
In the early 1950s Tilling-Stevens was taken over by the Rootes Group, which was itself taken over in the mid-1960s by Chrysler (UK) Ltd; the Tilling-Stevens factory closed in 1975.
Details
The factory is constructed of a regular reinforced concrete grid, expressed throughout the exterior of the building; the front elevation, also of concrete, is dressed to present a classically-styled composition to the street.
MATERIALS: the building is composed of a grid of exposed horizontal and vertical reinforced concrete members, which divide the building into 20' by 20' bays; on the outer faces of the building the bays are in-filled with panels of red brick and glazing. The original windows were multi-light steel casements however these have almost universally been replaced with uPVC casements.
PLAN: the building is five storeys high with a small attic storey. The factory floor is L-shaped in plan; the core is 3 bays wide by 16 bays deep, with a perpendicular wing to the rear, 3 bays wide by 3 deep, extending southwards. Another 3 bay by 3 bay wing projects to the north, which contains the main goods lift and stair; this was where the services and amenities for the building were housed. The front of the building is an additional two bays wide to the north, providing a vehicular access at street level. A roadway runs from this entrance, through the centre of the northerly service wing (where there is a weigh bridge), and down the side and rear of the building. To the rear there is a projecting stair and lift tower, and to the south there is a second projecting lift tower; this is later in date, but appears to use the same construction system. There is a third internal fire escape stair on the south side of the building which exits onto St Peter's Street at the front.
EXTERIOR: with the exception of the front, all elevations of the building are without architectural embellishment and form a regular pattern of concrete grid, brick, and glass. The concrete grid is also expressed on the front elevation, however here the concrete is also used decoratively to shape the elevation into a classical composition. There is a heavy cornice over the fourth storey, with recessed ribbing and nail-head corner stops; the fifth storey is treated as a classical attic, having smaller windows and a much plainer and shallower cornice above. The true attic storey is three bays wide, central to the elevation and set back from the front. The bays to the far left and right of the elevation are treated as towers, defined by slightly projecting pilaster-like verticals to either side. The 'capitals' of these pilasters take the form of a circular disk, flanked by triglyph-like elements. At ground floor there is a pedestrian and vehicular entrance/exit to either side of the elevation. These openings are framed by wide, flat, unmoulded architraves and above each of the vehicular openings is a framed panel (which once bore the name of the company) with a stylised tassel motif to either side. This panel with tassels motif is repeated within the parapet above the attic storey.
The exterior of the building is generally little altered, the most notable exception being the replacement of the windows. The largest windows to the front were originally 54-light windows, they are now 12-light windows, those to the sides and rear were mostly 45-light windows, these are now 8-light windows. On the front elevation a doorway has been inserted into the left-hand of the three central bays to give access into a site office from St Peter's Street.
INTERIOR: the interior is utilitarian; at each storey concrete pillars support beams and joists which support the floor above. The pillars get progressively smaller in cross-section at each storey up. Circular holes are cast into the joists, through which a conduit carrying electrical cable ran; in some places slots are cast into beams and joists to carry the motors which were suspended overhead, providing power to the factory machinery. The factory floors, which would have been completely open, are now divided into units with concrete block walls built between pillars. Fixtures and fittings which may have been associated with the service and amenity block (which included an office, boiler house, first-aid rooms, lavatories and rest rooms) do not survive.
Closeup of the handle from the of a bronze Etruscan cista, which is in the form of a female acrobat, bent over backwards. She's naked, saved clog-like shoes.
The decorative engravings on the cista represent figures, some of which are identified by engraved names suggesting a connection with the events of the Trojan War. Unfortunately, the names are obscured, so identification is not certain.
Praenestine cistae are sumptuous metal boxes mostly of cylindrical shape. They have a lid, figurative handles, and feet separately manufactured and attached. Cistae are covered with incised decoration on both body and lid. Little studs are placed at equal distance at a third of the cista’s height all around, regardless of the incised decoration. Small metal chains were attached to these studs and probably used to lift the cistae.
As funerary objects, cistae were placed in the tombs of the fourth-century BCE necropolis at Praeneste. This town, located 37 kilometers southeast of Rome in the region of Latium Vetus, was an Etruscan outpost in the seventh century B.C., as the wealth of its princely burials indicates. Excavations conducted at Praeneste in the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century were primarily aimed at the recovery of these precious-metal objects. The subsequent demand for cistae and mirrors caused the systematic plundering of the Praenestine necropolis. Cistae acquired value and importance in the antiquities market, which also encouraged the production of forgeries. Four Praenestine cistae, out of a total of 118 specimens so far recovered, are in New York City (three in the Metropolitan Museum and this one in the collection of the Morgan Library).
Cistae are a very heterogeneous group of objects, but vary in terms of quality, narrative, and size. Artistically, cistae are complex objects in which different techniques and styles coexist: engraved decoration and cast attachments seem to be the result of varying technical expertise and different traditions. Collaboration among craftsmen was required for their two-stage manufacturing process: the decoration (casting and engraving) and the assembly.
The most famous cista and the first to be discovered is the Ficoroni presently in the Museum of Villa Giulia in Rome, named after the well-known collector Francesco Ficoroni (1664–1747), who first owned it. Although the cista was found at Praeneste, its dedicatory inscription indicates Rome as the place of production: NOVIOS PLVTIUS MED ROMAI FECID/ DINDIA MACOLNIA FILEAI DEDIT (Novios Plutios made me in Rome/ Dindia Macolnia gave me to her daughter). These objects have often been taken as examples of middle Republican Roman art. However, the Ficoroni inscription remains the only evidence for this theory, while there is ample evidence for a local production at Praeneste.
The high-quality Praenestine cistae often adhere to the classical ideal. The proportions, composition, and style of the figures indeed present close connections and knowledge of Greek motifs and conventions. The engraving of the Ficoroni cista portrays the myth of the Argonauts, the conflict between Pollux and Amicus, in which Pollux is victorious. The engravings on the Ficoroni cista have been viewed as a reproduction of a lost fifth-century painting by Mikon. Difficulties remain, however, in finding precise correspondences between Pausanias’ description of such a painting and the cista.
The function and use of Praenestine cistae are still unresolved questions. We can safely say that they were used as funerary objects to accompany the deceased into the next world. It has also been suggested that they were used as containers for toiletries, like a beauty case. Indeed, some recovered examples contained small objects such as tweezers, cosmetic boxes, and sponges. The large size of the Ficoroni cista, however, excludes such a function and points toward a more ritualistic use.
Etruscan, ca. 4th-1st century BCE. Discovered in the excavation of Palestrina (the ancient Praeneste), near Rome, in 1864.
Height (with lid): 14 1/4 in. (358 mm)
Box diameter: 8 3/4 in. (222 mm)
Morgan Libray and Museum, New York (AZ046a-b)
Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares”
La Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares” ubicada en Del Valle, perteneciente a la Región bonaerense de 25 de Mayo. La comunidad, distante a 5 Km. del centro urbano. Donada en 1925 por la señora Concepción U. de Casares.Institución privada a cargo de salesianos, actualmente, está incorporada como Instituto privado al Ministerio de Educación de la Provincia.
Los alumnos deben permanecer internados en el colegio de Lunes a Viernes. La escuela pertenece a la Obra de Don Bosco, por lo que destaca su carisma Salesiano. Además de las asignaturas correspondientes al ciclo secundario o Polimodal, los alumnos tienen formación profesional , que va desde la fabricación de quesos hasta la cría de cerdos y desde carpintería hasta inseminación artificial de ganado vacuno. La Escuela Agrotécnica ofrece una propuesta educativa basada en la práctica de actividades rurales, en áreas de producción agrícola, ganadera e industrial, con acciones que van desde la fabricación de quesos hasta la cría de cerdos y desde carpintería hasta inseminación artificial de ganado vacuno. Este proceso de fabricación y todas las actividades productivas tienen como resultado una gran cantidad de desechos que no son utilizados. Para lograr convertir los remanentes se fabricó el “biodigestor”.
Muchas personas de esta comunidad trabajan en dicha institución que es todo un orgullo local
TRASLATOR
Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares”
The Salesian Agrotechnical School "Carlos M. Casares" located in Del Valle, belonging to the Buenos Aires Region of 25 de Mayo. The community, 5 km away from the urban center. Donated in 1925 by Mrs. Concepción U. de Casares. Private institution run by Salesians, currently, it is incorporated as a private Institute to the Ministry of Education of the Province.
Students must remain interned in the school from Monday to Friday. The school belongs to the Work of Don Bosco, for which its Salesian charism stands out. In addition to the subjects corresponding to the secondary cycle or Polimodal, the students have professional training, which goes from the manufacture of cheeses to the raising of pigs and from carpentry to artificial insemination of cattle. The Agrotécnica School offers an educational proposal based on the practice of rural activities, in areas of agricultural, livestock and industrial production, with actions ranging from the manufacture of cheeses to the raising of pigs and from carpentry to artificial insemination of cattle. This manufacturing process and all productive activities result in a large amount of waste that is not used. In order to convert the remnants, the "biodigester" was manufactured.
Many people of this community work in this institution that is a local pride
Arnhem, the Netherlands
Re-post, I found this car parked near why I lived at that time. The shot is taken on May 27th 2010 but really loved the angle and background so I wanted to share it with you, again for some of you.
Truly great luxury sports cars are few and far between. In a world where innovation is all too often hampered by compromise, pure performance is a rarity available only to the genuinely discerning. Designed as the ultimate driving experience, the Aston Martin DBS bridges the gap between road and track – DB9 and DBR9. Equally at home on a twisting mountain circuit as on the open road, the DBS is a true thoroughbred.
The Aston Martin DBS is a 6.0-litre V12 powered, race-bred, two-seater shaped by the aerodynamic demands of high performance, with an exquisite interior that marries beautifully hand-finished materials with the very latest in performance technology. A combination of elegant design, innovative manufacturing processes, race-derived materials and components and Aston Martin’s unrivalled hand-build expertise makes the DBS a luxury sports car without equal.
When I walked to the supermarket this morning i stumbled on this gorgious Aston Martin. She stood on the sidewalk on a little bridge and was just screaming to get some shots taken of her.
The Aston Martin DBS is the most beautiful Aston in my opinion, I really love the combination of classic and atletic lines.
At the heart of future rocket engines lifting off to the Moon or Mars could be a 3D printed combustion chamber. Multiple NASA centers partnered with Virgin Orbit to develop and test a uniquely manufactured rocket part.
Virgin Orbit air launches rockets carrying small satellites to space. The company partnered with NASA experts in combustion and additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama; Glenn Research Center in Cleveland; and Armstrong Flight Research Center in Edwards, California. Their goal: to create a 3D printed combustion chamber that combines multiple materials and takes advantage of cutting-edge manufacturing processes.
Here, Engineers test-fire a 3D-printed rocket engine combustion chamber at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.
Image Credit: NASA/Virgin Orbit
Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares”
La Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares” ubicada en Del Valle, perteneciente a la Región bonaerense de 25 de Mayo. La comunidad, distante a 5 Km. del centro urbano. Donada en 1925 por la señora Concepción U. de Casares.Institución privada a cargo de salesianos, actualmente, está incorporada como Instituto privado al Ministerio de Educación de la Provincia.
Los alumnos deben permanecer internados en el colegio de Lunes a Viernes. La escuela pertenece a la Obra de Don Bosco, por lo que destaca su carisma Salesiano. Además de las asignaturas correspondientes al ciclo secundario o Polimodal, los alumnos tienen formación profesional , que va desde la fabricación de quesos hasta la cría de cerdos y desde carpintería hasta inseminación artificial de ganado vacuno. La Escuela Agrotécnica ofrece una propuesta educativa basada en la práctica de actividades rurales, en áreas de producción agrícola, ganadera e industrial, con acciones que van desde la fabricación de quesos hasta la cría de cerdos y desde carpintería hasta inseminación artificial de ganado vacuno. Este proceso de fabricación y todas las actividades productivas tienen como resultado una gran cantidad de desechos que no son utilizados. Para lograr convertir los remanentes se fabricó el “biodigestor”.
Muchas personas de esta comunidad trabajan en dicha institución que es todo un orgullo local
TRASLATOR
Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares”
The Salesian Agrotechnical School "Carlos M. Casares" located in Del Valle, belonging to the Buenos Aires Region of 25 de Mayo. The community, 5 km away from the urban center. Donated in 1925 by Mrs. Concepción U. de Casares. Private institution run by Salesians, currently, it is incorporated as a private Institute to the Ministry of Education of the Province.
Students must remain interned in the school from Monday to Friday. The school belongs to the Work of Don Bosco, for which its Salesian charism stands out. In addition to the subjects corresponding to the secondary cycle or Polimodal, the students have professional training, which goes from the manufacture of cheeses to the raising of pigs and from carpentry to artificial insemination of cattle. The Agrotécnica School offers an educational proposal based on the practice of rural activities, in areas of agricultural, livestock and industrial production, with actions ranging from the manufacture of cheeses to the raising of pigs and from carpentry to artificial insemination of cattle. This manufacturing process and all productive activities result in a large amount of waste that is not used. In order to convert the remnants, the "biodigester" was manufactured.
Many people of this community work in this institution that is a local pride
Ghirardelli Chocolate Company was incorporated in 1852, and is the second-oldest chocolate company in the United States], after Baker's Chocolate.
Ghirardelli is one of the few chocolate companies in the United States to control every aspect of its chocolate manufacturing process, rejecting up to 40% of the cocoa beans shipped in order to select what the company calls the"highest quality" beans. The company then roasts the cocoa beans in-house by removing the outer shell on the bean and roasting the inside of the bean, or the nibs. The chocolate is then ground and refined until the flakes are 19 micrometers in size.(wiki)
Lets forget about other things, i am so ready to eat Ghirardelli.You will even get a free piece of Ghirardelli when you visit Walt Disney World in Orlando.
Also to view more of my photos click below.
The impressive three-storeyed Ynys-y-pandy slate processing works, which served the Gorseddau Quarry, was built in 1856-7 by Evan Jones of Garndolbenmaen and probably designed by James Brunlees. It is ingeniously planned so that the natural fall of the site assisted the manufacturing process. A deep trench inside accommodated a large overshot water wheel (26 ft, 8m in diameter), and on the south side a long curving ramp brought branches of the tramway from Gorseddau Quarry into the mill at two different levels, serving the middle and upper floors. The grand, round-headed openings are closely spaced like a Roman aqueduct. The eastern gable is surmounted by a decorative feature incorporating a false shimney stack, and the west gable windows have at some time had window frames or shutters. Otherwise the construction is bold and plain but none the less impressive.
The mill specialised in the production of slate slabs for floors, dairies, troughs, urinals, etc. In its heyday, in 1860, it was producing over 2,000 tons per annum, but seven years later production was down to 25 tons per annum (due to poor quality of the quarried slate) and the business went into liquidation in 1871. The building provided a venue for eisteddfodau until the roof was removed around 1906.
Image copyright www.kevinobrian.co.uk/
Louisiana Museum og Modern Art: "Diego Rivera had been invited to Detroit to paint large-format frescoes portraying the industrial manufacturing process at the Ford Motor Company. Kahlo accompanied him, and in this early major work she describes the contrast between the countries, while standing om a pedestal in an elegant dress, a small Mexican flag and a cigarette in her hands. She has turned her head to the indigenous, nature-loving, lively Mexican side; she is quite obviously not interested in the technical American side. The generators on the American side are nonetheless supplied with energy by the roots of the Mexican plants, which in turn is delivered to the pedestal and thus to Frida Kahlo herself. The moon represents the female principle, the sun the male."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frida_Kahlo
A green leaf is green because of the presence of a pigment known as chlorophyll, which is inside an organelle called a chloroplast. When they are abundant in the leaf's cells, as they are during the growing season, the chlorophylls' green color dominates and masks out the colors of any other pigments that may be present in the leaf. Thus the leaves of summer are characteristically green.[6]
In this leaf, the veins are still green while the other tissue is turning red. This produces a fractal-like pattern
Chlorophyll has a vital function: that of capturing solar rays and utilizing the resulting energy in the manufacture of the plant's food — simple sugars which are produced from water and carbon dioxide. These sugars are the basis of the plant's nourishment — the sole source of the carbohydrates needed for growth and development. In their food-manufacturing process, the chlorophylls themselves break down and thus are being continually "used up". During the growing season, however, the plant replenishes the chlorophyll so that the supply remains high and the leaves stay green.
In late summer, as daylight hours shorten and temperatures cool, the veins that carry fluids into and out of the leaf are gradually closed off as a layer of special cork cells forms at the base of each leaf. As this cork layer develops, water and mineral intake into the leaf is reduced, slowly at first, and then more rapidly. It is during this time that the chlorophyll begins to decrease.
Often the veins will still be green after the tissues between them have almost completely changed color.
I've been tagged. A big part of me is my work, so here are my 10 favorite papers I've published:
2009- The effects of repeat collaboration on creative abrasion
We developed a theory of why repeat collaboration in highly creative projects can lead to less creative outcomes, and suggested what teams can do about it.
2007- Dynamics of organizational emergence: Pace, punctuation, and timing in nascent entrepreneurship
We posited and empirically validated that successful entrepreneurial ventures have a certain “rhythm”; it’s all about momentum.
2006- An emergence event in new venture creation: Measuring the dynamics of nascent entrepreneurship
This was the first paper published in organizational theory that actually collected data and tested a complexity science model.
2003- Merger as marriage: Communication issues in post-merger integration
Not widely read, but I love how insightful the metaphor is.
2002- Studying complex discursive systems: Centering resonance analysis of organizational communication
This was the paper that explained the computerized text analysis method we invented, which then spun off into its own company.
2002- The dynamics of electronic media coverage
Our analysis of media coverage of 9-11.
2001- Supply networks and complex adaptive systems: Control versus emergence
This was the first paper published in supply chain management discussing the implications of complexity science. Most cited article.
1999- Explaining complex organizational dynamics
Here we laid out what randomness and chaos meant if you found them in organizational data.
1997- A complex adaptive systems model of organization change
My definition of a complex adaptive system in this paper is the one used in Wikipedia.
1986- An integrated quality systems approach to quality and productivity improvement in continuous manufacturing processes
My first published paper…
Once a common sight across the country the coal train is now firmly on the endangered list. Leaving Margam Knuckle Yard with empties for Cwmbargoed is 66128. These wagons will be loaded with Welsh 'black gold' before returning here to Margam, then onwards to Earles Sidings, Hope. The product being used in the cement manufacturing process.
KPM Berlin The Box, Hackesche Höfe, Berlin
"The Königliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Berlin (KPM) was founded on September 19, 1763 by Frederick the Great and has been based in Berlin since the year it was founded. Even today, KPM is still a manufactory that produces all porcelains, services and figurative porcelains, almost exclusively by hand, and executes decorations using free hand painting. [...]
On September 19, 1763, Frederick the Great acquired the [...] company for 225,000 Prussian Reichstalers. [...] The actual success story of the now Royal Porcelain Manufactory Berlin began with the takeover of the manufactory by Frederick the Great.
The king took over the entire staff of 146 employees and gave the manufactory its name and trademark: the royal scepter from the coat of arms of the Elector of Brandenburg. From then on it was called Königliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Berlin and became a model company: the employees had fixed, regular working hours, received an above-average income, were covered by their own company health insurance and acquired a secure pension entitlement. In addition, there was no child labor at the Königliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Berlin. Provisions have also been made to provide for surviving widows and orphans. In the years that followed, the manufacturing process was streamlined and the techniques perfected.
One of the manufactory's most important clients was Frederick the Great himself, who jokingly called himself his “best customer”. From 1763 until his death in 1786, the king ordered porcelain from KPM to the value of 200,000 Reichstalers. For his castles alone, he commissioned 21 dinner services. These services usually had 36 place settings and consisted of up to 500 individual parts as well as ornate figurative centerpieces. [...]
As the owner of the KPM, the king specifically used the white gold as a means of diplomacy. His state gifts often came from the factory and were found in the Russian Tsarist house as well as on the tables of the leading European royal houses. [...] "
(translated from German Wikipedia entry)
Diego Rivera considered the Detroit Industy Murals his finest paintings. Produced in 1932-1933, they are the largest and most complex work of the Mexican muralist movement in America. They were commissioned by Edsel Ford, then president of the Ford Motor Company, with the encouragement of the Detroit Institute of Arts' director William Valentiner. Covering the four walls in an interior courtyard in the museum, they portray in detail the complex interplay of raw materials, manufacturing process, and human resources involved in the production and assembly of that emblem of modern culture, the automobile.
South Wall Details
Rivera included portraits of his patrons as well as several assistants to give the murals a very contemporary perspective. On the lower right corner is Edsel Ford and William Valentiner (profile). In the third lower panel from the left is Henry Ford presiding in an engine class. The man in the hat on the left side is M. L. Bricker, assistant to Henry Ford in charge of production, overseeing bumpers and grinders working on body panels..
The scenes in the mural include the massive fender stamping press on the right, final assembly in the center, glass plants in the 4th and 5th lower panels; and in the 6th panel, workers walking over a bridge to the parking lot after getting paid.
www.ilr.cornell.edu/buffalo-co-lab/diego-riveras-detroit-...
Gama plastic Ford Taunus 17m P2 estate car. Made in West Germany, this has 'GAMA 455' on the front registration plate which I take to be the range number. Length approx. 205mm which works out about 1:21 scale.
This is unusual in that the body is formed of a translucent plastic which is painted red on the outside, and also partly on the inside, notably the inside of the roof. The roof was then painted white on the outside. This all seems to be original. The window are a separate clear plastic part.
I had originally intended to restore this, but have decided against that, as in the current state it shows the manufacturing process very well.
Historic Harpers Ferry, West Virginia is one of those places that have deep roots in America's growth. Early in it's life it was the start point of explorers Lewis & Clark, charged by Jefferson to explore and map the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase territory, find a practical route across the Western half of the continent, and establish an American presence in this territory before Britain and other European powers tried to claim it. Sounds easy. Not! Anyway, it's a beautifully restored and maintained place, abounding in period buildings, stone walls and two rivers merging. It had been way too long since I last visited and jumped at the suggestion from my brothers about where we should go to shoot.
Some interesting, and possibly surprising, facts about Harpers Ferry :
- visited by George Washington on his very first surveying expedition at the age of 17.
- was cited by Thomas Jefferson, after a visit, as such a beautiful spot that it was worth a trip across the Atlantic.
- was the starting place of the Lewis and Clarke expedition.
- was the site of the first crossing of the Potomac by a railroad, on the first structural steel bridge in the world.
- was the industrial town where using interchangeable parts in a manufacturing process was first invented and proven practical.
- was the site of the John Brown raid which precipitated the Civil War.
- was the first command of Stonewall Jackson, who raised and trained his famed Brigade here.
- was the site of three Civil War battles, the major one involving over 30,000 troops on both sides which resulted in the largest surrender of US troops until Bataan in WWII.
- was a bastion of elevating African Americans, with the first real academic college (Storer College) to educate freed slaves in all aspects of higher learning, rather than sewing and other trades.
- was the site of the Founding in the US of the Niagara movement, which later evolved into the NAACP.
- was a town which, despite unfortunate racism by some, way before its time encouraged African-American entrepreneurs, one of whom built and managed the fabled Hilltop House Hotel.
- was a major retreat center in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century for many notables, including seven presidents, Mark Twain, and many others.
- was cited by art history experts as the most "painted town" in America, because of its spectacular scenery.
Single exposure, Nikon D700, Nikkor 24-85, f/11, 1/125s, ISO 200, polarizer.
All of my images are protected by United States and international copyright laws. They may be reproduced only with written permission. Copyright © 2013 Tom Lussier Photography. All rights reserved.
While the photos are listed as "public", they are not public domain, nor are they free stock images. Use without written consent by the author is illegal and punishable by law. If you want to use any of my images, for any reason, please send me an email first. Thank you.
Summary
This former motor vehicle factory was built in 1917 by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners, in collaboration with Truscon, for Tilling-Stevens Ltd. It is an example of a factory designed using the Kahn Daylight System. The various sheds which adjoin the factory building to the south are not of special interest.
Reasons for Designation
The former Tilling-Stevens factory, 1917 by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners, in collaboration with Truscon, is designated at Grade II for the following principal reasons: * Historic interest: the building is the earliest surviving by the practice of Wallis, Gilbert and Partners, the foremost factory architects of the inter-war period; it is also one of few surviving examples of their early Daylight factories not to have undergone significant alteration; * Technical interest: the building is one of few surviving examples of a group of English factories built using the Kahn Daylight System, an adaptable, efficient and influential system of factory building, developed in America for the construction of automotive factories; * Architectural interest: the front elevation of this imposing building employs the compositional devices and decorative motifs which became synonymous with the work of Wallis, Gilbert and Partners; the powerful rationality of its other elevations expresses the modern approach to industrial architecture that its design, construction and layout embodies.
History
In 1916 Thomas Wallis (1872-1953) founded the architectural practice of Wallis, Gilbert and Partner (becoming Wallis, Gilbert and Partners the following year). In the early years of the practice it worked in close collaboration with Trussed Concrete Steel Limited (Truscon). Truscon's proprietary system of concrete reinforcement had been developed by the Kahn family, who had set up Truscon to exploit the system in America; an English branch of the company formed in 1907. In America the Kahn system had been applied to the creation of a particular model of factory design which was based on a regular grid of column, beam and slab, in which the concrete frame was fully exposed, and the external walls were glass-filled, it was called the 'Kahn Daylight System' of factory design. The best known and most influential American example is Henry Ford's Highland Park Ford Plant, Michigan, designed and built in 1908 by Albert Kahn. Truscon built several Daylight factories in Britian prior to the partnership with Wallis, Gilbert and Partners (including three in Scotland), but the only English one known to survive in anything like original condition is Enterprise House, Hayes, of 1912, listed Grade II.
Together, Wallis, Gilbert and Partners and Truscon designed and constructed of a number of Daylight factories in England, of which the Tilling-Stevens factory is the earliest surviving. Wallis Gilbert and Partners went on to great success as an architectural practice, designing many factories and commercial buildings in the interwar period. One of their best known works is the Grade II* listed former Hoover Factory (1932-35) in Ealing.
Tilling-Stevens Ltd was formed in 1915 after WA Stevens, inventor of the petrol-electric motor, met Richard Tilling of Thomas Tilling Ltd, London's oldest omnibus operator (established 1847). The men recognised the potential for petrol-electric transmission in motorised buses, and the companies went into partnership together, manufacturing their own vehicles. New premises were added to Stevens' Maidstone works (known as the Victoria Works) in 1912, and following the formation of Tilling-Stevens Limited the works were enlarged again with the construction of the Wallis Gilbert and Partners factory in 1917 to accommodate production for war requirements.
The original design for the factory was a five-storey hollow rectangle, with a central, glazed, single-storey space within the well, which would contain part of the assembly shop. It was designed to be built in stages, with the south and west sides of the rectangle shown on the plans as 'future extension' (J Skinner 1997, 50). It is thought likely that the decision only to build the north and east sides of the rectangle was taken at an early stage, as the attic storey is centred over the existing front elevation. The factory was designed so as to accommodate all the various manufacturing processes in a downward flow through the building, each level being linked by electric lifts. Power was supplied to work stations by shafted over-head motors suspended from the beams.
In the early 1950s Tilling-Stevens was taken over by the Rootes Group, which was itself taken over in the mid-1960s by Chrysler (UK) Ltd; the Tilling-Stevens factory closed in 1975.
Details
The factory is constructed of a regular reinforced concrete grid, expressed throughout the exterior of the building; the front elevation, also of concrete, is dressed to present a classically-styled composition to the street.
MATERIALS: the building is composed of a grid of exposed horizontal and vertical reinforced concrete members, which divide the building into 20' by 20' bays; on the outer faces of the building the bays are in-filled with panels of red brick and glazing. The original windows were multi-light steel casements however these have almost universally been replaced with uPVC casements.
PLAN: the building is five storeys high with a small attic storey. The factory floor is L-shaped in plan; the core is 3 bays wide by 16 bays deep, with a perpendicular wing to the rear, 3 bays wide by 3 deep, extending southwards. Another 3 bay by 3 bay wing projects to the north, which contains the main goods lift and stair; this was where the services and amenities for the building were housed. The front of the building is an additional two bays wide to the north, providing a vehicular access at street level. A roadway runs from this entrance, through the centre of the northerly service wing (where there is a weigh bridge), and down the side and rear of the building. To the rear there is a projecting stair and lift tower, and to the south there is a second projecting lift tower; this is later in date, but appears to use the same construction system. There is a third internal fire escape stair on the south side of the building which exits onto St Peter's Street at the front.
EXTERIOR: with the exception of the front, all elevations of the building are without architectural embellishment and form a regular pattern of concrete grid, brick, and glass. The concrete grid is also expressed on the front elevation, however here the concrete is also used decoratively to shape the elevation into a classical composition. There is a heavy cornice over the fourth storey, with recessed ribbing and nail-head corner stops; the fifth storey is treated as a classical attic, having smaller windows and a much plainer and shallower cornice above. The true attic storey is three bays wide, central to the elevation and set back from the front. The bays to the far left and right of the elevation are treated as towers, defined by slightly projecting pilaster-like verticals to either side. The 'capitals' of these pilasters take the form of a circular disk, flanked by triglyph-like elements. At ground floor there is a pedestrian and vehicular entrance/exit to either side of the elevation. These openings are framed by wide, flat, unmoulded architraves and above each of the vehicular openings is a framed panel (which once bore the name of the company) with a stylised tassel motif to either side. This panel with tassels motif is repeated within the parapet above the attic storey.
The exterior of the building is generally little altered, the most notable exception being the replacement of the windows. The largest windows to the front were originally 54-light windows, they are now 12-light windows, those to the sides and rear were mostly 45-light windows, these are now 8-light windows. On the front elevation a doorway has been inserted into the left-hand of the three central bays to give access into a site office from St Peter's Street.
INTERIOR: the interior is utilitarian; at each storey concrete pillars support beams and joists which support the floor above. The pillars get progressively smaller in cross-section at each storey up. Circular holes are cast into the joists, through which a conduit carrying electrical cable ran; in some places slots are cast into beams and joists to carry the motors which were suspended overhead, providing power to the factory machinery. The factory floors, which would have been completely open, are now divided into units with concrete block walls built between pillars. Fixtures and fittings which may have been associated with the service and amenity block (which included an office, boiler house, first-aid rooms, lavatories and rest rooms) do not survive.
'Aussie Bear' factory, Thurlstane (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., Palmer Street Sydney, ca. 1944-1945, by Milton Kent, for Repatriated Services Rehabilitation Department. Shows manufacturing process of "Aussie-Bear" Australia's toy koala, from vintage gelatin silver print, State Library of New South Wales, collection.sl.nsw.gov.au/record/1JkmNxrY/NgJ837W6qww6j PXA 1517
The sun gives the Autumn leaves a last chance to show their beauty.
Autumn leaf color is a phenomenon that affects the normally green leaves of many deciduous trees and shrubs by which they take on, during a few weeks in the autumn season, one or many colors that range from red to yellow. The phenomenon is commonly called fall colors and autumn colors, while the expression fall foliage usually connotes the viewing of a tree or forest whose leaves have undergone the change. In some areas in the United States and Canada, "leaf peeping" tourism between the beginning of color changes and the onset of leaf fall, or scheduled in hope of coinciding with that period, is a major contribution to economic activity.
A green leaf is green because of the presence of a pigment known as chlorophyll. When they are abundant in the leaf's cells, as they are during the growing season, the chlorophylls' green color dominates and masks out the colors of any other pigments that may be present in the leaf. Thus the leaves of summer are characteristically green.
In this leaf, the veins are still green while the other tissue is turning red.
Chlorophyll has a vital function: that of capturing solar rays and utilizing the resulting energy in the manufacture of the plant's food—simple sugars which are produced from water and carbon dioxide. These sugars are the basis of the plant's nourishment—the sole source of the carbohydrates needed for growth and development. In their food-manufacturing process, the chlorophylls themselves break down and thus are being continually "used up." During the growing season, however, the plant replenishes the chlorophyll so that the supply remains high and the leaves stay green.
In late summer, the veins that carry fluids into and out of the leaf are gradually closed off as a layer of special cork cells forms at the base of each leaf. As this cork layer develops, water and mineral intake into the leaf is reduced, slowly at first, and then more rapidly. It is during this time that the chlorophyll begins to decrease.
Often the veins will still be green after the tissues between them have almost completely changed color.
Courtesy: Wikipedia: Autumn_leaf_color
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While the MP 1.21 was dependable and much liked by it's users it was also expensive, complex to manufacture and on the heavy side and so the MP 1.21's designer, Gustav Einrich then designed the MP 2.44.
Following the trend set by other designs such as the German MP-40, the British Sten and the American M3 the MP 2.44 is made mostly out of stamped steel.
To simplify production the MP 2.44 shares as many parts and manufacturing processes with it's predecessor, the MP 1.21.
The receiver, bolt and barrel are modified versions of that of the MP 1.21 and things like screws, springs and sears are the exact the same and are interchangeable.
The 9x19 mm cartridges are fed from either a straight 20 or 32 round magazine shared with the Mp 1.21 or from a curved 45 round magazine. The ability to use MP-40 magazines was not carried over since this caused too many misfeeds during testing.
The safety is a simple push through rod that locks the bolt and firing in either forward or back positions and also acts as the charging handle.
For all it's good point's the MP.244 also had it's share of problems. The grips were made out of plastic and had a tendency to crack easily in adverse conditions before a new plastic was made and the 45 round magazines spring could weaken and cause feed issues. The front grip only had a metal insert that was spot welded in to the relatively thin barrel shroud which was known to break off if handled too roughly.
Despite the early troubles the MP 2.44 was used extensively during Second World War and after it, all the way to the 1970s.
Credit: Shockwave - sling mount
Industrial Loco No 5 at rest on the High Level Railway, serving the mighty blast furnaces of Appleby Frodingham Steelworks Scunthorpe 3rd September 2022. Another of the locomotive fleet can be seen with a loading hopper in the distance along this short piece of railway infrastructure. Three out of four of the huge blast furnaces can be clearly seen in the centre of the picture. This photo was taken from one of the brakevans which had been pushed up the incline onto this railway by a diesel locomotive operated by the Appleby Frodingham Railway Preservation Society who have a presence on the Steel Works site. The locos on this line continually load up the operating blast furnaces with raw materials for the manufacturing processes in steel making.
The CBH class is a class of diesel-electric freight locomotives designed and manufactured in the United States by Motive-power in Boise, Idaho, for Western Australian grain growers' co-operative CBH Group.
Gauge
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in): CBH001–CBH017
1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in): CBH118–CBH122.
These tracks are dual gauge but #118 is a standard gauge unit of 3300 HP.
The engine blocks for the prime movers were cast in Germany and sent to the Cummins engine plant in Daventry, England, for final machining and assembly. At the end of the manufacturing process, the prime movers were hot tested before being fitted to the locomotives in Boise.The engines meet US tier three emission standards
Stillness
Lakeside Tree
The absence of sound is an amazing thing when your surrounded by planes, trains, cars and kids every day of the week - if only there was a planet to escape to with nothing but a singular island surrounded by warm sunset to keep you company.. alrighty then... I suppose i'll take wifey and the kids too ;)
Little planet manufacture process specification:
join it, stretch it, break it, make it, wrap it
everything else is immaterial :)
Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland." It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New France. After the Louisiana Purchase, settlers laid the foundation for an agriculture-based economy in the heart of the Corn Belt. Iowa is often known as the "Food Capital of the World", however Iowa's economy, culture, and landscape are diverse. In the mid and late 20th century, Iowa's agricultural economy transitioned to a diversified economy of advanced manufacturing, processing, financial services, biotechnology, and green energy production. Iowa has been listed as one of the safest states in which to live. Des Moines is Iowa's capital and largest city.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The widespread commercial adoption of additive manufacturing technologies, commonly known as 3D printing, is no surprise to design engineers at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama whose research created stronger, lighter weight materials and new manufacturing processes to make rocket parts.
NASA’s RAMPT (Rapid Analysis and Manufacturing Propulsion Technology) project is on the cutting-edge of additive manufacturing – helping the agency and industry produce new alloys and additively manufactured parts, commonly referred to as 3D printing, according to Paul Gradl, the project’s co-principal investigator at NASA Marshall.
This image shows a hot-fire test at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. This 2,000-pound-force coupled thrust chamber assembly features a NASA HR-1 alloy nozzle. Manufacturing the hardware requires the directed energy deposition process with composite-overwrap for structural support, reducing weight by 40%. Industry, academic, and government partners are working with RAMPT engineers at Marshall and other NASA field centers to advance this revolutionary technology.
Image credit: NASA
#NASAMarshall #NASA #3dprinting #RAMPT
Read more about Rapid Analysis and Manufacturing Propulsion Technology (RAMPT)
Europe, Netherlands, Zuid Limburg, Maastricht, Sint Pietersberg, ENCI cement factory, clinker storage building (uncut)
The ENCI cement factory at the edge of the limestone quarry. It produces klinker (clinker) and portland cement. Clinker is semi-finished cement produced by “heating limestone (calcium carbonate) with small quantities of other materials (such as clay) to 1450 °C in a kiln, in a process known as calcination”. Cement, the finished product, “is made by grounding the clinker with a small amount of gypsum into a powder to make 'Ordinary Portland Cement', the most commonly used type of cement (often referred to as OPC). Portland cement is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar and most non-specialty grout. Portland cement may be grey or white.
The most common use for Portland cement is in the production of concrete. Concrete is a composite material consisting of aggregate (gravel and sand), cement, and water. As a construction material, concrete can be cast in almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can become a structural (load bearing) element.” (Source: Wikipedia). Through this it became the building material of choice of modernist architects. And in this era it still is.
The lime ENCI stone quarry will be closed in 2018 and as a consequence the klinker production will be stopped some time after it and the kiln etc will demolished. After that the quarry and demolished part of the industrial complex will be redeveloped. The quarry will become a park. For in-depth information about the transformation process the master plan (Dutch) is: here.
A preliminary step of this redevelopment process was already taken in 2008. The ‘Peutz-building’, an industrial building that lost its function when a part of the manufacturing process was moved to Rotterdam in the 80s was redeveloped as theatre and cultural centre AINSI in 2008. A clip about it from this period is: here and a recent one here
The facilities on display in the FG is the central clinker storage facility. In the BG is the other side of the valley of the river Maas.
Shot across the quarry .
A bird's eye view of the quarry and its industrial complex is: here. The site is about the redevelopment of the quarry.
Background info about ENCI (Dutch) is: here.
Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares”
La Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares” ubicada en Del Valle, perteneciente a la Región bonaerense de 25 de Mayo. La comunidad, distante a 5 Km. del centro urbano. Donada en 1925 por la señora Concepción U. de Casares.Institución privada a cargo de salesianos, actualmente, está incorporada como Instituto privado al Ministerio de Educación de la Provincia.
Los alumnos deben permanecer internados en el colegio de Lunes a Viernes. La escuela pertenece a la Obra de Don Bosco, por lo que destaca su carisma Salesiano. Además de las asignaturas correspondientes al ciclo secundario o Polimodal, los alumnos tienen formación profesional , que va desde la fabricación de quesos hasta la cría de cerdos y desde carpintería hasta inseminación artificial de ganado vacuno. La Escuela Agrotécnica ofrece una propuesta educativa basada en la práctica de actividades rurales, en áreas de producción agrícola, ganadera e industrial, con acciones que van desde la fabricación de quesos hasta la cría de cerdos y desde carpintería hasta inseminación artificial de ganado vacuno. Este proceso de fabricación y todas las actividades productivas tienen como resultado una gran cantidad de desechos que no son utilizados. Para lograr convertir los remanentes se fabricó el “biodigestor”.
Muchas personas de esta comunidad trabajan en dicha institución que es todo un orgullo local
TRASLATOR
Escuela Agrotécnica Salesiana “Carlos M. Casares”
The Salesian Agrotechnical School "Carlos M. Casares" located in Del Valle, belonging to the Buenos Aires Region of 25 de Mayo. The community, 5 km away from the urban center. Donated in 1925 by Mrs. Concepción U. de Casares. Private institution run by Salesians, currently, it is incorporated as a private Institute to the Ministry of Education of the Province.
Students must remain interned in the school from Monday to Friday. The school belongs to the Work of Don Bosco, for which its Salesian charism stands out. In addition to the subjects corresponding to the secondary cycle or Polimodal, the students have professional training, which goes from the manufacture of cheeses to the raising of pigs and from carpentry to artificial insemination of cattle. The Agrotécnica School offers an educational proposal based on the practice of rural activities, in areas of agricultural, livestock and industrial production, with actions ranging from the manufacture of cheeses to the raising of pigs and from carpentry to artificial insemination of cattle. This manufacturing process and all productive activities result in a large amount of waste that is not used. In order to convert the remnants, the "biodigester" was manufactured.
Many people of this community work in this institution that is a local pride
Low-cost solar cells developed by Italian company CESI for terrestrial uses can now be employed in space too.
Individually, each business-card-sized solar cell cannot provide sufficient power to do much. But interconnectors allow them to be stringed together and linked into grids, until they are able to generate sufficient current and voltage to satisfy mission power demands.
The strings of solar cells are generally bonded to panels until an entire array is built, either mounted onto a satellite body or as a deployable wing. The individual cells are protected from the harsh space environment by a very thin layer of glass, just 0.1 – 0.15 mm thick.
CESI developed these low-cost solar cells by optimising their manufacturing process. While this means the cells are less efficient than comparable ones on the market, they offer lower cost while maintaining reliability.
Their testing was supported through ESA’s General Support Technology Programme, readying promising products for spaceflight.
Both the individual solar cells and assemblies have now been qualified in accordance with European Cooperation for Space Standardization standards, meaning that after some higher level qualification tests they can be relied on for future space missions.
Credits: CESI
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Mural (10' X 96') in the underground pedestrian passage between the Steel Plaza subway station and the USX Building (formerly US Steel).
The mural was designed by Harold Shuler who first worked for the US Steel Corporation in 1956 as a structural draftsman.
Bio of Shuler: www.zoominfo.com/p/Harold-Shuler/723163419
The mural's steel-making theme depicts raw materials, manufacturing processes, uses of steel and its transportation by river barge, truck, and railroad.
US Steel never paid Shuler for his work of art. He was paid only his usual salary and no overtime for the hours he spent working in the walkway.
Shuler had two assistants, Scott Vradelis, a graduate student at CMU and, for three weeks, Shuler's daughter Susan Koenig.
Find more images and info about the mural including Shuler's own interesting tale of how it came to be, the type of paint used, and the process of creating it, including the method he calls "Pienture a la Plume-Carton": pghmurals.com/USX-tunnel.cfm
A 40 second You Tube video that scans the mural left-to-right can be found here:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoJIDmLcK3w
Shuler's Picasso connection:
Shuler created the drawing from Picasso's model from which the famous artist's huge sculpture of a woman was cast. Picasso approved the drawings without revision. The sculpture now stands in front on the Richard J. Daley Center in Chicago. Shuler was not formally recognized for his work, but when Picasso saw him behind the ropes at the dedication, he greeted him and brought him to the reviewing stand where he sat with the local dignitaries.
On my image above, the bottom-most image is an approximation of the entire mural. I took it with my camera's panorama option, but because the wall is curved it was highly distorted. I did my best to undistorted it without total success. Some parts of the image are scrunched, stretched, or missing. Above are sections of the mural, which again had to be slightly undistorted. The title plague is actually under the mural. Next time, I will take a video, which I believe will give a better representation of the entire image.
NASA conducted the third RS-25 engine hot fire in a critical 12-test certification series Nov. 29, demonstrating a key capability necessary for flight of the SLS (Space Launch System) rocket during Artemis missions to the Moon and beyond.
NASA is conducting the series of tests to certify new manufacturing processes for producing RS-25 engines for future deep space missions, beginning with Artemis V. Aerojet Rocketdyne, an L3Harris Technologies Company and lead engines contractor for the SLS rocket, is incorporating new manufacturing techniques and processes, such as 3D printing, in production of new RS-25 engines.
Image credits: NASA\Danny Nowlin
#NASA #NASAMarshall #sls #spacelaunchsystem #nasasls #exploration #rocket #artemis #ssc #NASAStennis
Engineers at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, tested NASA's first 3-D printed rocket engine prototype part made of two different metal alloys through an innovative advanced manufacturing process. NASA has been making and evaluating durable 3-D printed rocket parts made of one metal, but the technique of 3-D printing, or additive manufacturing, with more than one metal is more difficult.
An image from a microscope reveals how the two metals, copper alloy and Inconel, mix and interlock to form a strong bond created by the innovative 3-D printing process during manufacturing of the igniter prototype.
Image Credit: NASA/UAH/Judy Schneider
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Europe and the United States, in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. Finally arrived in Edmonton around 1870's. ;)
Pre-industrial machinery was built by various craftsmen—millwrights built water and windmills, carpenters made wooden framing, and smiths and turners made metal parts.
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Three related still-life images. The round structures are the bottoms of aluminium drinks cans that were washed up on the beach. (There must be a weak spot round the bottom rim from the manufacturing process).
Floor mosaics using tesserae made of minute stone cubes, ranging from one to four millimeters in the opus vermiculatum technique.
The Greeks used mosaics to decorate their floors in public places and private dwellings by using tesserae in many ways. Tesserae are the small pieces of stone, limestone, marble, glass or clay, which are cut in a small cubic form, hence their name. The Greek floor coverings became a complete tableau depicting plants, animals, geometrical designs and Greek/ Hellenistic motifs.
The Romans adopted also this art to cover their floors in homes and temples, as well as in their tombs. The Romans applied the same techniques as the Greeks. They also introduced new innovations in the manufacturing process.
Mosaic depicting two wrestlers BAAM 585 and
Mosaic depicting a sitting dog BAAM 859.
Hellenistic Period
Bbliotheca Alexanrina
A United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket blasts off from Space Launch Complex-41 with NASAs Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS-K) payload. This was the first of 13 ULA launches scheduled for 2013, the 35th Atlas V mission, and the 67th ULA launch.
Photo courtesy United Launch Alliance
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CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. -- The first of NASA's three next-generation
Tracking and Data Relay Satellites (TDRS), known as TDRS-K, launched
at 8:48 p.m. EST Wednesday from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in
Florida.
"TDRS-K bolsters our network of satellites that provides essential
communications to support space exploration," said Badri Younes,
deputy associate administrator for Space Communications and
Navigation at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "It will improve the
overall health and longevity of our system."
The TDRS system provides tracking, telemetry, command and
high-bandwidth data return services for numerous science and human
exploration missions orbiting Earth. These include the International
Space Station and NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
"With this launch, NASA has begun the replenishment of our aging space
network," said Jeffrey Gramling, TDRS project manager. "This addition
to our current fleet of seven will provide even greater capabilities
to a network that has become key to enabling many of NASA's
scientific discoveries."
TDRS-K was lifted into orbit aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V
rocket from Space Launch Complex-41. After a three-month test phase,
NASA will accept the spacecraft for additional evaluation before
putting the satellite into service.
The TDRS-K spacecraft includes several modifications from older
satellites in the TDRS system, including redesigned
telecommunications payload electronics and a high-performance solar
panel designed for more spacecraft power to meet growing S-band
requirements. Another significant design change, the return to
ground-based processing of data, will allow the system to service
more customers with evolving communication requirements.
The next TDRS spacecraft, TDRS-L, is scheduled for launch in 2014.
TDRS-M's manufacturing process will be completed in 2015.
NASA's Space Communications and Navigation Program, part of the Human
Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate at the agency's
Headquarters in Washington, is responsible for the space network. The
TDRS Project Office at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in
Greenbelt, Md., manages the TDRS development program. Launch services
were provided by United Launch Alliance. NASA's Launch Services
Program at the Kennedy Space Center was responsible for acquisition
of launch services.
For more information about TDRS, visit:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission.
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Normally, the phrase "just in time" is used in business circles to refer to inbound inventory arriving just in time to be used for manufacturing processes, leading to the reduction of inventory storage and thus, lower costs.
Here, the phrase refers to our trio arriving in Marseilles, IL with moments to spare to set up flashes before Iowa Interstate's nightly Chicago-bound freight, CRBI (previously CBBI), rushes through with ES44ACs 503 and 514 in charge.
The Singapore Water Reclamation Study (NEWater Study) was initiated in 1998 as a joint initiative between the Public Utilities Board (PUB) and the Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources (MEWR). The primary objective of the joint initiative was to determine the suitability of using NEWater as a source of raw water to supplement Singapore's water supply. NEWater is treated used water that has undergone stringent purification and treatment process using advanced dual-membrane (microfiltration and reverse osmosis) and ultraviolet technologies. NEWater could be mixed and blended with reservoir water and then undergo conventional water treatment to produce drinking water (a procedure known as Planned Indirect Potable Use or Planned IPU).
Planned IPU as a source of water supply is not new. It has been practised in several parts of the United States for more than 20 years. At Water Factory 21, Orange County Water District, Southern California, high quality water reclaimed from treated used water has been injected into ground water since 1976. Similarly, at Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority (UOSA), North Virginia, high quality reclaimed water is discharged into Occuquan Reservoir since 1978. Occoquan Reservoir is a source of water for more than a million people living in the vicinity of Washington DC.
Water reclamation is a growing trend in the U.S. and around the world. In the U.S., there are several other water reclamation projects that are now being planned or under construction. Two of them are at Gwinnett near Atlanta, Georgia and at Scottsdale near Phoenix, Arizona.
In 2001, PUB embarked on a new initiatives to increase water supply from unconventional sources for non-potable use. The use of NEWater for wafer fabrication processes, non-potable applications in manufacturing processes as well as air-con cooling towers in commercial buildings would free large amount of potable water for other potable purposes.
David Mellor Visitor Centre
David Mellor was internationally famous for his cutlery.
His chic factory in Hathersage, designed by Sir Michael Hopkins, and purpose-built on the site of the old gasworks, is hailed as a minor masterpiece of modern architecture.
Built in local gritstone with a spectacular lead roof, it blends beautifully into the rural landscape.
The factory is open for viewing on Sundays, and visitors are welcome to take a look around and watch the various designs being made.
The manufacturing process is surprisingly low-tech and most of it is done by hand – this explains why the cutlery is so expensive and so collectable.
In addition to the factory, there is also a stylish shop, a classy café and a small but interesting design museum.
David Mellor died in 2009, and his talented son Corin continues the design tradition at Hathersage.
www.davidmellordesign.com/about
The Round Building
by Sir Michael Hopkins
My image shows The Round Building on a cloudy morning in October.
Fragonard Laboratory Guided Visit.
Nestled in a picturesque setting between Nice and Monaco, at the foot of rocks and poised above the sea, this modern design perfume factory is an interesting contrast to its location in the charming medieval village of Eze. The laboratory uses modern technology to supply all of Fragonard's creams, lotions, and bath gels. The entire manufacturing process is displayed for these cosmetics and beauty products.
First flown in 1956 as a Mark F51 for the Royal Danish Air Force. Bought back by Hawkers in 1976 for possible refurbishment and resale which never happened. The airframe eventually appeared at the Tangmere Military Aviation Museum, painted as a 'XF314', before moving to the Front Line Aviation Museum on the Isle of Wight which has since closed. Moving next to Parkhouse Aviation at Wycombe Air Park in 1998 and then again to Brooklands in 2006. Restored to display condition but exhibited in RAF markings as 'XF368' showing the manufacture process involved with the Hunter. On the move again now to a venue in Denmark with the vacated museum space to be filled with the sole Hawker P1121 cockpit, wings and fuselage remains.
Car used for a wedding in Antigua, Guatemala.
Guatemala offers a number of unique wedding venues. Recently four of Guatemala’s hotels were on a list of the 10 best hotels in Central America and the Caribbean by Condé Nast Traveler Magazine.
Ford Phaeton 1930:
From beginning to end of the manufacturing process, the 1930 Ford models were great looking vehicles.
The 1930 Ford models offered the consumer more fender flare, deeper radiator shells and a great fuel economy for the consumer market. An unusual feature of the new Ford model for 1930 was the use of rust-less steel for the radiator shell headlamps, hubcaps, cowl finish strip and radiator caps. For many years, nickel plating was used for those parts by automobile manufacturers.
The 1930 Ford models offered the consumer smaller wheels and larger tires, a shatterproof glass windshield, new style fenders and many other features that many consumers thoroughly had enjoyed.
The Phaeton model was a great looking car that many customers really enjoyed. The windshield could fold flat when desired and the top could be raised or lowered quickly and easily. The door panels were attractively embossed and the model offered the driver outstanding performances when driving.
www.motorcities.org/story-of-the-week/2017/looking-back-o...
www.daniellopezperez.com/destination-wedding-guatemala-15...
Kiss a Wookie Day is June 15
Outside the Cantina, there was a commotion of strange noises. It turns out that the whole place cleared out to see what was going on. The music had stopped as one of the musicians in the band had left the trio. He wanted to be first in line to 'Kiss the Wookie" today. But there were some grumblings going on.
"That's not the Wookie you're looking for."
"Use the force."
"Let the Wookie win."
"I've got a strange feeling about this."
"TK-421, why aren't you at your post?"
Now for the factual stuff:
Begun in 2005, this day marks when the invitation was made to ‘kiss a Wookie’, or as someone described him as that big furry walking carpet from the Star Wars Movies. The original scene with that reference line was in ‘The Empire Strikes Back’ when Han Solo, Chewbacca’s companion, tries to ‘make a move’ on Princess Leia, but she replies, “I’d just as soon kiss a Wookie.” Han promply replies, “I can arrange that.”
Kisses are also one of the products of the Hershey Company, with plants in West Hershey, Pennsylvania. Milton Hershey began his company in Hershey, Pennsylvania in 1894, producing chocolate caramels, breakfast cocoa, sweet chocolate, and baking chocolate. He later sold his caramel business and concentrated on chocolate-making.
On July 7, 1907 Hershey’s Kisses are introduced. Urban lore has it the treat was named for the lip-smacking sound of the machinery “kissing” the conveyor belt during the manufacturing process.
Automated wrapping is introduced to Kiss production in August of 1921. Before this technological innovation, Kisses were hand-wrapped. The distinctive paper plume is added at this time, to thwart imitators.
Today, 70 million Hershey's Kisses are produced everyday at the factory; the machines run 24 hours a day, seven days a week; and enough Kisses are produced annually to form a line more than 300,000 miles long.
In a 12 ounce bag, you will find around 72 Kisses, and you will need 5 bags to supply you with one Kiss per day (save for 5 days—do the math!) It beats kissing a Wookie!
So, today you began regaling an event from Star Wars, but ended up wanting to go to the store to stock up on Hershey Kisses! Another 'food' Flickr post from RevDrPepper!
We also pause to remember Peter Mayhew, the actor who played Chewbacca in the Star Wars movie.
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Engineers just completed hot-fire testing with two 3-D printed rocket injectors. Certain features of the rocket components were designed to increase rocket engine performance. The injector mixed liquid oxygen and gaseous hydrogen together, which combusted at temperatures over 6,000 degrees Fahrenheit, producing more than 20,000 pounds of thrust.
The additive manufacturing process allowed rocket designers to create an injector with 40 individual spray elements, all printed as a single component rather than manufactured individually. The part was similar in size to injectors that power small rocket engines and similar in design to injectors for large engines, such as the RS-25 engine that will power NASA's Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, the heavy-lift, exploration class rocket under development to take humans beyond Earth orbit and to Mars.
Read more:
www.nasa.gov/press/2014/august/sparks-fly-as-nasa-pushes-...
Original image:
www.nasa.gov/sls/multimedia/gallery/sls-3d-injector-test....
Image credit: NASA/MSFC/David Olive
More about SLS:
More SLS graphics and concepts:
www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/multimedia/gallery/S...
Space Launch System Flickr album
www.flickr.com/photos/28634332@N05/sets/72157627559536895/
_____________________________________________
These official NASA photographs are being made available for publication by news organizations and/or for personal use printing by the subject(s) of the photographs. The photographs may not be used in materials, advertisements, products, or promotions that in any way suggest approval or endorsement by NASA. All Images used must be credited. For information on usage rights please visit: www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/MP_Photo_Guidelin...
A paper working model of a chair. (see #940)
(From Rijksmuseum.nl):
Paper Bone Chair, Joris Laarman, Habith Modell- & Formenbau GmBH, 2006
lamineren, h 76cm × b 45cm × d 75.5cm. More details
© Joris Laarman
The paper study model for the Bone Chair is composed of sheets of paper, joined together layer by layer. Each layer was printed by a computer. A three-dimensional computer model was used as the starting point for this laminated object manufacturing process, which is a form of rapid prototyping.
The Great Exhibition of 1851 at Alexandra Palace showed that American manufacturing methods for small, accurate parts in large numbers were superior to craft-based British practices. After a government inquiry, Britain bought over 150 new American machines to update manufacturing processes at the Royal Small Arms Factory in Enfield and employed American personnel in several managerial posts.
This machine was imported in 1857 as part of this push to modernise British gun-making. It cut the recess in the gun's wooden stock into which the mechanism (the 'lock') fitted.
Unlike hand-made gun parts, machined components were identical, accurate and interchangeable, simplifying assembly and repair. Seen in the Science Museum, Kensington, London.
"The Grandparents House"... a traditional Mexican style kitchen at the hand painted Talavera-Tile factory store in PUerto Vallarta, Mexico!
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en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talavera_(pottery)
Talavera pottery (and tiles) of Puebla, Mexico is a type of majolica pottery, which is distinguished by a milky-white glaze.[1] Authentic Talavera pottery only comes from the city of Puebla and the nearby communities of Atlixco, Cholula, and Tecali, because of the quality of the natural clay found there and the tradition of production which goes back to the 16th century.[2] Much of this pottery was decorated only in blue, but colors such as yellow, black, green, orange and mauve have also been used.[3] Majolica pottery was brought to Mexico by the Spanish in the first century of the colonial period.
The tradition has struggled since the Mexican War of Independence in the early 19th century, during which the number of workshops were less than eight in the state of Puebla. Later efforts by artists and collectors revived the craft somewhat in the early 20th century and there are now significant collections of Talavera pottery in Puebla, Mexico City and New York City. Further efforts to preserve and promote the craft have occurred in the late 20th century, with the introduction of new, decorative designs and the passage of the Denominación de Origen de la Talavera law to protect authentic, Talavera pieces made with the original, 16th century methods.[2][4]
Today, only pieces made by designated areas and from workshops that have been certified are permitted to call their work "Talavera." [9] Certification is issued by the Consejo Regulador de la Talavera, a special regulatory body. Only nine workshops have so far been certified: Uriarte Talavera, Talavera La Reyna, Talavera Armando, Talavera Celia, Talavera Santa Catarina, Talavera de la Nueva Espana, Talavera de la Luz, Talavera de las Americas, and Talavera Virglio Perez. Each of these needs to pass a twice-yearly inspection of the manufacturing processes. Pieces are subject to sixteen laboratory tests with internationally certified labs.[2] In addition, there is a test done by the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Puebla to ensure that the glaze does not have lead content of more than 2.5 parts per million or cadmium content of more than 0.25 parts per million, as many of the pieces are used to serve food.[3][10] Only pieces from workshops that meet the standards are authorized to have the signature of the potter, the logo of the workshop and the special hologram that certifies the piece's authenticity.[8]
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Copyright © Ute Hagen 2013 All Rights Reserved
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The Flock of Words is a 300‑metre typographic artwork created in 2003 as part of Morecambe’s Tern Project, designed to celebrate the birdlife of Morecambe Bay through poems, quotations, and word‑based sculpture.
The Flock of Words is one of Morecambe’s most distinctive pieces of public art—an outdoor literary walkway that blends typography, sculpture, and local identity. Installed in 2003, the artwork forms part of the wider Tern Project, an arts‑led regeneration scheme designed to revitalise Morecambe’s seafront by celebrating the rich ornithological heritage of Morecambe Bay. The installation stretches approximately 300 metres, linking the town’s railway station with the promenade.
The project emerged from Lancaster City Council’s ambition to use public art to help reverse the decline of Morecambe as a seaside resort. The Tern Project, led by artist Gordon Young, sought to create a trail of artworks themed around birds—reflecting the bay’s status as one of Britain’s most important habitats for migratory species. The Flock of Words was conceived as a way to bring this theme literally under visitors’ feet.
The installation was a six‑year collaboration between:
Gordon Young – public artist
Andy Altman of Why Not Associates – typographic designer
Russell Coleman – sculptor and technical lead
Their shared interest in text‑based art shaped the project’s unique character.
The walkway is composed of poems, proverbs, nursery rhymes, jokes, and literary quotations, all connected by the theme of birds. Sources range from Genesis and Chaucer to Shakespeare, Robert Burns, and Spike Milligan.
Multiple materials: granite, concrete, bronze, brass, stainless steel, and cut glass
Eric Gill typefaces, linking the work to Gill’s carvings in the nearby Midland Hotel
Words arranged in all directions, encouraging visitors to wander, pause, and read
Authentic historical spellings (e.g., “turtel”, “pecok”), which caused proofreading challenges during production
The manufacturing process pushed technical boundaries. Engineers repeatedly froze and thawed the concrete to ensure durability, and sands and gravels were sourced from Spain, Scotland, and Devon to achieve the desired colours.
At the seaward end of the path stands the Genesis Tower, a 9‑metre‑high triangular steel structure topped with a dove—symbolising the biblical story of Noah and the dove returning with an olive branch. This tower acts as a visual anchor and thematic culmination of the walkway.
Cultural and Regenerative Impact
The Flock of Words is more than a decorative feature; it represents a shift in how Morecambe reimagined its public spaces in the early 2000s. By integrating literature, local ecology, and urban design, the installation encourages residents and visitors to engage with the town’s heritage in a new way.
The artwork also complements other Tern Project pieces—such as bird sculptures, stone eggs, and the Eric Morecambe statue—creating a cohesive cultural trail that supports tourism and community pride.
Today, The Flock of Words stands as a testament to Morecambe’s creative regeneration. It transforms a simple walkway into a living anthology, celebrating the language, wildlife, and imagination associated with Morecambe Bay. Through its blend of art, typography, and local identity, it remains one of the town’s most engaging and meaningful public installations.
English Electric Type 3 No. 37205 pulls away from Abercwmboi Phurnacite plant with a Speedlink working for Severn Tunnel Junction on 19th August 1986.
The Phurnacite plant, which shut in 1991, produced smokeless fuel in the form of briquettes for 50 years. At its peak over 1m briquettes were produced a year. In 2012 a group of former workers at the site successfully sued British Coal for the effects of the manufacturing process which resulted in a number of ailments including lung, skin and bladder cancers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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