View allAll Photos Tagged M46
A mag-fed Light Assault Weapon made by Iced Armaments.
Once again, not putting this in the PMG pool till tomorrow, well, actually, later today.
CREDITS:
Duke for the mag and bipod. EDIT: Also the side rails. Sorry Duke.
Wes for the grip baseplate.
(Sorta) KKP for the AFG idea.
DEU: Jährlich am letzten September-Wochenende wird Berlin in ein zweitägiges Verkehrschaos gestürzt, was aber aus der Schöneberger Hauptstraße für einige Stunden beinah eine Spielstraße werden lässt.
An der fast runden Verkehrsinsel auf der Hauptstraße Ecke Eisenacher Straße wenden dann die erheblich gekürzten Linien M43, M46 und 106. Zwei auf einen Streich war schon ein Glückstreffer.
Der 106er hat grad um die Verkehrsinsel gewendet und ist schon korrekt beschildert, der M46 wird gleich scharf nach rechts abbiegen und wenden.
Wer sich über das Ulmer Kennzeichen wundert: Die Linien 106 und 204 werden von einem Ulmer Unternehmen betrieben.
ENG: Every year on the last weekend of September, Berlin is plunged into two days of traffic chaos, which almost turns Schöneberg's Hauptstraße into a play street for a few hours.
At the almost round traffic island on the corner of Hauptstraße and Eisenacher Straße, the shortened lines M43, M46 and 106 turn around. Two turning buses at once was a stroke of luck.
The 106 has just turned around the traffic island and is already correctly signposted, the M46 is about to turn sharply to the right and then turn around.
If anyone is wondering about the number plate: Lines 106 and 204 are operated by a company from Ulm.
[Kopie von 23-09-24 (3) 1]
Taken in Joshua Tree National Park
Jumbo Rocks campsite
11/28/2013
Canon EOS 60D
Stellarvue SV102ED2 4" Achromatic Refractor Telescope
Celestron CGEM-DX
Orion Starshoot Autoguider
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Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht eingestellt, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage www.traditionsbus.de/index.htm
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Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht eingestellt, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage www.traditionsbus.de/index.htm
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Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht eingestellt, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage www.traditionsbus.de/index.htm
BORG45EDⅡ + Reducer×0.66DGT KissX6i mod. ISO3200 15sec.×10 + 30sec.×8 + 150sec.×8 SWAT-200 / 11.Feb.2016 Susami-Town Wakayama Pref.
I took this photo of Battery B, 58th Field Artillery Battalion in action in the Battle of the Kumsong Salient, the greatest battle of the last two years of the Korean War on, or about, 20 July 1953, about one week before the cease fire ended the shooting phase of the war on July 27, 1953. My brother-in-law, Jerry Hartman (on the right), has just fired the 105 mm howitzer. At the time I took this photo Jerry's battery was participating in annihilating a large Communist Chinese Force (CCF) unit that had massed in no-man's land which was the valley just beyond the ridges at the top of the photo. The front line was along the ridges where the 65th Infantry, 3rd Infantry Division, was dug in. A massive attack by about 100,000 CCF had destroyed and driven back U.N. forces several miles in but a few days time, and the 3rd Infantry Division had been moved to the battle area to block the CCF advance, which it stopped cold.
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Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht eingestellt, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage www.traditionsbus.de/index.htm
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Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage www.traditionsbus.de/index.htm
Captured on November 25th, 2019 from a bortle 7 zone.
**Equipment:**
* TPO 6" F/4 Imaging Newtonian
* Orion Sirius EQ-G
* ZWO ASI1600MM-Pro
* Skywatcher Quattro Coma Corrector
* ZWO EFW 8x1.25"/31mm
* Astronomik LRGB+CLS Filters- 31mm
* Astrodon 31mm Ha 5nm, Oiii 3nm
* Agena 50mm Deluxe Straight-Through Guide Scope
* ZWO ASI-120MC for guiding
* Moonlite Autofocuser
**Acquisition:** 38 minutes (Camera at Unity Gain, -20°C)
* Lum- 11x60"
* Red- 10x60"
* Green- 11x60"
* Blue- 11x60"
* Darks- 30
* Flats- 30 per filter
**Capture Software:**
* EQMod mount control. Captured using [N.I.N.A.](nighttime-imaging.eu/) and PHD2 for guiding and dithering.
**[PixInsight Processing](www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6vj_SEZ79k):**
* BatchPreProcessing
* StarAlignment
* [Blink](youtu.be/sJeuWZNWImE?t=40)
* ImageIntegration
* Superluminance integrated by stacking all frames together
* DynamicCrop
* AutomaticBackgroundExtraction 3X
* **Luminance:**
* TVG/MMT/MLT Noise Reduction
* ArcsinhStretch
* HistogramTransformation
* **RGB:**
* LinearFit to green
* ChannelCombination
* AutomaticBackgroundExtraction
* PhotometricColorCalibration
* SCNR
* HSVRepair
* ArcsinhStretch
* HistogramTransformation
* LRGBCombination with luminance
* MLT Noise reduction
* ACDNR
* CurveTransformations
* MorphologicalTransformation
* Annotation
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Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht eingestellt, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage www.traditionsbus.de/index.htm
I took this photo from the rear of a passenger train in October 1952 while traveling from Taekwangni, the northernmost 3rd TMRS rail station on the Sintanni Line, to Seoul.
sólo a 5 mil años luz. 3 x iso 3200 x 20 seg, Celestron C9.25, reductor 6.3, cámara Sony NEX-5N www.rodrigomontufar.com Cajicá Colombia 2021
This photo, taken during the Korean War, shows the shrine building and statuary of the Yureung Royal Burial site at Namyangju, Gyeonggi-do province, South Korea. It has been designated as Historical Site #207. The burial mound on the hill to the left of the shrine contains the remains of Emperor Sunjong, the last emperor of the Korean Joseon Dynasty, and his wives Empress Sunmyeonghyo and Empress Sunjeonghyo.
Emperor Sunjong (1874-1926, ruled 1907-1910) was son and successor to Emperor Gojong (1852-1919, ruled 1863-1907) who, along with his wife, Empress Myeongseong, is buried in the adjoining Hongneung Royal Burial Site.
Yareung is the last royal tomb of the Joseon Dynasty.
For additional information please see:
www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Emperor_Gojong_of_Korea
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Sunjong_of_the_Korean_Empire
Thanks to kkkk8155 for helping me with the correct spelling of "Yureung." See Comments below.
The Pendle Witch, 4 Warburton Place, Atherton, M46 0EQ. Very hard to find the first time! Backstreet boozer in Atherton.
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- Britz, Gradestraße -
Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht eingestellt, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage
Road 6, about 3/4 mile southeast of Kumhwa, looking back toward Kumhwa, traveling generally eastward on Road 6 toward the Battle of the Kumsong Salient which was occurring a few miles east of Kumhwa. I took the photo while bouncing along in the back of an Army truck on which I had hitched a ride from Kumhwa. Note the smoke screen in the distance which was providing protection against Chinese Communist Forces (CCF) artillery. Papasan Mountain, a CCF stronghold, is in the center background. I think the hill along the right side of the photo is the southern end of the Triangle Hill (Hill 598) complex. For information on the Kumsong Salient, please see the three preceding maps from Hermes' book on the Korean War MLR.
On 13 July 1953, the CCF launched their largest offensive of the last two years of the Korean War. Their intent was to remove a northward bulge of the MLR in the vicinity of the town of Kumsong. The battle is known as the Battle of the Kumsong Salient. The savage CCF attacks in the Kumsong Salient destroyed the ROK Capitol Division which had been holding the line in that sector. In attempt to block the CCF advance, on 14 July 1953 the U.S. Army 3rd Division, which had been situated within the Iron Triangle, was shifted to several miles east of Kumhwa along Road 6 as a blocking action against the CCF breakthrough. In fact, the CCF ran into the 3rd Division and was stopped cold.
Road 6 lay in a broad valley. Our artillery units were lined up down that valley as far as I could see. When I arrived at the 58th Field Artillery Battalion, 3rd Division, field position soon after I took the photo, it, and the other artillery units, were engaged in a furious, ground-quaking, barrage, firing over the mountain ridges immediately in front of them. The 65th Infantry Regiment (IR), 3rd Division, was dug in along the crests of those ridges. Our artillery units were in the process of decimating a large detachment of CCF in the valley--No Man's Land--out in front of the 65th IR positions.
M46 (NGC 2437) is a trumpler (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trumpler_classification) class II 2 r open cluster approximately 4,928 light-years away in Puppis.
NGC 2438 is the planetary nebula right above M46. It is located approximately, 3,000 light-years away. It is illuminated by an estimated 17.7 magnitude central star.
Luminance – 7x180s – 21 minutes – binned 1x1
RGB – 7x180s – 21 minutes each – binned 2x2
84 minutes total exposure – 1 hour 24 minutes
Imaged April 9th and 15th, 2021 at the El Sauce Observatory (Rio Hurtado, Chile) with a FLI PL 9000 on a PlaneWave CDK24 at f/6.5 3974 mm.
This data is from Telescope Live (telescope.live/) “One-click Observations.”
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Am Samstag, den 24. Mai 2014, wurden diese Aufnahmen von der zum 25-jahrigen Bestehen stattfindende Traditionsfahrt des ATB (= Arbeitsgemeinschaft Traditionsbus Berlin) gemacht.
Aus diesem Anlaß wurde die ehemaligen Linie 73 - jetzige OL M46 sowie vormalige Buslinie 146 als befahrene Linie auserkoren, den die Verbindung Zoo – Britz blickt auf eine 115 jährige Geschichte zurück. Am 24. Mai 2014 waren die ATB-Busse 70 (ex LVG), 237, 1629, 1658, 1666, 1957, 2100, 2208, 2329, 2437, 2556 + 2626 sowie der BVG-Bus 3233 (mit Folienbeklebung für den ATB) unterwegs. Desweiteren wurden einige weitere aktuelle BVG-Busse sowie ehemalige BVG-Busse aufgenommen, die heute als Stadtrundfahren-Busse unterwegs sind.
Einige noch zusätzlich mit dem Fotoapparat aufgenommenen Videos werden aufgrund der schlechten Qualität von mir nicht eingestellt, sodass es hierdurch keine bildliche Dokumentation vom 237 + 1957 gibt.
Weitere Hinweise gibt es auf der ATB-Homepage www.traditionsbus.de/index.htm
+++ DISCLAIMER +++
Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!
Some background:
Towards the end of WWII, the Swedish Army's main tank was the Stridsvagen 42. It was a medium tank, modern in design and it was also well protected and mobile. It fielded a 75 mm L/34 gun, the first of its size in a Swedish tank and entered service with the Swedish army in November 1941. As a neutral nation in World War II Sweden did not engage in combat; thus its tanks had no battlefield record. Between April 1943 to January 1945, 282 Strv 42s were delivered.
After WWII, the Strv 42 was kept in service, but it was soon clear that it would not have enough firepower to defend Sweden against heavier tanks. The benchmark was the Soviet T-34/85 and the Soviet Union regarded as a major threat in the context of the rising tensions between Eastern and Western Blocs after WWII. The smoldering Korean conflict stirred this fear even more. The Soviet threat seemed even more real to Sweden, which - although still neutral - tightened its relations with the West and NATO, even though the country never joined the Atlantic organization.
This neutrality was especially hard to maintain with such proximity to the USSR borders, especially in the Baltic. In fact it would have been nearly impossible to Sweden to not take sides in case of an open war between the two super powers due to this strategic and geographic position.
The Swedish military was therefore more cautious to elaborate on scenarios of a Soviet invasion to model its combined ground, air and naval assets, even though this position was more nuanced on the political side and these realist ties were maintained on a high secrecy level.
Anyway, the armed forces needed modernization and therefore the Swedish Army decided in 1948 to develop and introduce a modernized or even new battle tank, which primarily incorporated a heavier cannon than the Strv 42, coupled with a more effective armor and high mobility.
In 1949 the Swedish government was secretly provided with the option of purchasing the American M46 Patton, but this offer was rejected as the tank was, with more than 45 tons, considered to be too heavy and too bulky for the local terrain and the Swedish Army’s tactical requirements. The same argument also initially turned down an offer for the British Centurion tank during that time. Consequently, the decision was made in the same year to develop a whole new tank around the Swedish Army's specifications.
The original requirements were:
- In order to effectively use a small number of tanks to cover up a large area, the size and weight of the tank had to be light enough for trains or special trucks to carry and to move on soggy ground.
- Due to the above target, the weight of the armor was limited around 25 tons, yet as heavily armored as possible.
- Main cannon had to be bigger than 75mm.
The Strv 42's chassis turned out to be too narrow for a bigger turret that could accommodate the bigger gun, a crew (of three) and a decent ammunition store.
Its armor concept with many vertical surfaces was also outdated, so that the development of a totally new chassis was started.
The new vehicle was aptly designated Strv 50.
The weight was the main concern since if this first constraint was met, the tank could also be transported by a specially modified truck through most major highways. The second constraint couldn't be met due to the mock up development team finding out that the armor would be too thin to protect the vehicle, even if anything was done to slope the surfaces and increase the armor’s effectiveness. As a result, the armor weight constraint was raised to 35 tons for a while.
However, this weight penalty led to delays in the production of the planned Volvo diesel engine, because the tank did not have enough power to attain good mobility with the overall weight raised by 40%.
The Strv 50 was of conventional layout, with a central turret and the engine located at the rear of the hull. The tank had a crew of four: a commander, driver, gunner and loader. A co-driver/radio operator who'd potentially operate a bow machine gun was omitted in order to save weight and internal space.
The hull was welded steel, with a cast steel turret. The maximum armor thickness was 64 mm.
The driver sat at the front right of the hull, with a hatch immediately above him, and three vision periscopes covering the forward arc. To the drivers left was the transmission, which could easily be accessed for servicing by removing a large panel on the front of the hull.
The track was driven from the front and had six rubber road wheels on each side along with three return rollers - inspired by American designs like the M24 or M26. The suspension was a torsion bar system with the first, second and sixth road wheel fitted with hydraulic shock absorbers.
The commander and gunner sat in the turret, with the commander on the right side provided with a large domed cupola with a hatch on the rear of it. The cupola had four vision blocks and a one-meter base stereoscopic rangefinder with x7 magnification. A further 8 mm machine gun could be mounted on the cupola for manual anti-aircraft use.
The gunner did not have a separate hatch and was seated in front of the commander. The gunner had a x6 magnification periscope, as well as a x6 magnification sight. The loader was provided with a hatch.
The main gun was the British 20 pounder cannon with 84 millimeter (3.3 in) caliber, outfitted with a horizontal sliding breach block and a 4.60 m (15 ft) barrel, 55 calibers in length. This weapon's APCBC projectile had a muzzle velocity of 1,020 meters per second and could penetrate 21 cm (8.3 in) of rolled homogeneous armor (RHA), and the alternative armor-piercing discarding sabot projectile even had a muzzle velocity of 1,465 m/s (4,810 ft/s) and could penetrate 30 cm (12 in) of RHA.
The 20-pounder could also fire high-explosive and canister shot. Storage was provided for 18 rounds in the bustle at the rear of the tank, with additional rounds being distributed in various positions inside the tank for a total of 58 rounds.
In the Strv 50 the gun was fitted with a muzzle brake that diverted firing gases sideways and reduced the amount of dust kicked up by firing. The main gun was not stabilized, so firing on the move was impractical, and the vehicle was not fitted with an NBC protection system or deep wading equipment. Three smoke grenade launchers were mounted on each side of the turret.
The tank was originally to be powered by a the proven VL 420 engine from the post-war 42 versions, but the increased total weight called for a more powerful engine. The result was a 570 horsepower Volvo VL 570 turbocharged V-8 engine. The engine was mounted at the rear of the hull and exhausting through pipes on either side of the rear of the hull. It was coupled with a manual electromagnetic ZF 6-speed transmission system.
Tests in 1952 and 1953 were successful, even though the prototypes had to be powered by the old VL 420 engine, the VL 570 only became available towards the end of the trials.
Nevertheless, the tank's modern suspension and good handling were major improvements compared to the 42, as well as the much more effective armor. In December 1953 the Strv 50 was cleared for production and the delivery of the first tanks started in late 1954. In service, the Strv 50 started to replace the WWII 42 in the heavy tank companies of the armored brigades.
However, just as production was turning up, the Soviet T-54/55 appeared on the scene and rendered the Strv 50 in its intended role as a main battle tank almost obsolete. The 20 pounder cannon was still adequate, but the rather lightly armored Strv 50 would not have been a true adversary for the new generation of Soviet tanks - a more heavily armored MBT was needed for the Swedish Army.
Since the Strv 50 did not offer the potential for an effective upgrade towards what was needed, the Swedish government eventually ordered the British Centurion tank as Stridsvagn 81. In consequence, the Strv 50 was relegated to reconnaissance and infantry support roles (much like the light American M41 Walker Bulldog tank) and the planned production of 250 vehicles was drastically cut back to just 80 which were delivered until 1959.
In the 1960s the Swedish ground forces could count on a small, well-equipped professional core and a large conscript army. However, many tanks and armored cars still dated back then from WW2. Some, like the Terrängbil 42D troop transport, were maintained into service until the 1990s while other old models were recycled or modernized. Even the Strv 42 soldiered on and was finally updated in 1958 to the Stridsvagn 74 standard as a supplement to the newly bought Stridsvagn 101 (a more modern Centurion variant with a 105 mm L7 cannon).
The Strv 50 served on until 1984, when it was phased out together with the Strv 74 and superseded by the Strv 103, the famous and unique, turret-less Swedish “S” tank.
Specifications:
Crew Four (commander, gunner, loader, driver)
Weight 35 tonnes
Length 6.03 metres (23 ft in) (hull only)
8,36 metres (27 ft 5 in) with gun forward
Width 2,95 metres (9 ft 6 in)
Height 2.49 metres (8 ft 1 1/2 in) w/o AA machine gun
Suspension: torsion-bar
Ground clearance: 495 to 510 mm (1 ft 7.5 in to 1 ft 8.1 in)
Fuel capacity: 820 l (180 imp gal; 220 US gal)
Armor:
10–64 mm (0.8 – 2.5 in)
Performance:
Speed:
- Maximum, road: 46 km/h (28.5 mph)
- Sustained, road: 40 km/h (25 mph)
- Cross country: 15 to 25 km/h (9.3 to 15.5 mph)
Operational range: 200 km (125 mi)
Power/weight: 17.14 hp/t
Engine:
VL 570 turbocharged V-8 diesel engine with 570 PS (420 kW)
Transmission:
ZF electromagnetic (6 forward and 2 reverse)
Armament:
1× 90 mm kanon strv 50 L55 with 58 rounds
1× co-axial 8mm ksp m/39 strv machine gun with 3.000 rounds
Optional, but rarely used, another 8mm ksp m/39 strv machine gun anti aircraft machine gun
The kit and its assembly:
Another entry for the “Cold War” Group Build at whatifmodelers.com, and, as a shocker, it’s not a fictional aircraft but a tank! I came across Sweden as an operator because the country tested some German tanks (bought from France) after WWII, including the Panzer V ‘Panther’. While I considered a Swedish Army Panther I eventually went for an indigenous design for the late 50ies – the Strv 50 was born.
The basis is a JGSDF Type 61 tank (Trumpeter kit), more or less the whole body and chassis were taken over. The turret is different/new, a mix of a late WWII M4 Sherman (‘Jumbo’) turret from Wee Friends (resin and white metal) coupled with a white metal gun barrel and some implants from the Type 61 tank like the commander’s cupola or the gun mantle.
The result is a rather generic tank with some retro appeal – like a big brother to the M24 Chaffee or M41 Walker Bulldog, or like a dramatically modernized M4 Sherman?
Painting and markings:
Benchmark were pictures of Swedish post-WWII 42 tanks, painted in a disruptive 3 color scheme of grayish green, black and a light, reddish tan. I used FS 34096, RAL 7021 and French Earth Brown (all Modelmaster enamels) as basic tones. In order to give the vehicle a post WWII look I painted the small wheel hub covers in bright red – a decorative detail inspired by British Army vehicles.
Later the surface received a dark brown wash and some dry-brushing with ochre and grey. After decals were applied (all from the scarp box: the Swedish flags come from a H0 scale Roco Minitanks UN units sheet, the numbers are actually German WWII font), the kits was sealed with matt acrylic varnish.
Finally, the tank was treated with grey and brown artist pigments, simulating dust especially around the lower chassis.
This map shows the Han River railway and highway bridges just south of Seoul as they existed before the Korean War. They were destroyed during the first few days of the war as North Korean forces invaded Seoul. The map is adapted from a map of Seoul from the University of Texas Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. I added information to help in identifying the bridges and also the Yongsan rail yards.
A photo of the bridges being bombed by U.S. aircraft can be seen on Bevin Alexander's Korean War photos site at www.bevinalexander.com/korea/photos/korea-004.jpg
Following is Alexander's photo description:
"U.S. bombs drop on railway bridges at Seoul in early July, 1950. The broken highway bridge at the right was blown without warning by South Korean themselves early on June 28, sending hundreds of fleeing South Korean soldiers and civilians to their deaths. (U.S. Air Force photo.)"
This map shows the relationship between the port city of Inchon and Seoul, and shows the locations of the railway and highway bridges across the Han River that were destroyed during the first few days of the Korean War. They had been repaired by 1954 at the time this map was compiled (see my Map: Pre-Korean War Han River Railway and Highway Bridges, Seoul). The location of the old Seoul Railway Station is to the left of the red star near the center of Seoul.
Prepared by Army Map Service, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army; compiled in 1954. From the University of Texas Perry Castaneda Map Collection.
Although the Tiger Tank was a German creation during the Second World War, the Sixth Batallion adopted this unusual color scheme. The tank commemorates the selfless act of Cpl. Eugene C. Rivera, in which he climbed a desolate hill to save his Rangers and enable them to be rescued by this tank.
+++ DISCLAIMER +++
Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based on historical facts. BEWARE!
Some background:
Towards the end of WWII, the Swedish Army's main tank was the Stridsvagen 42. It was a medium tank, modern in design and it was also well protected and mobile. It fielded a 75 mm L/34 gun, the first of its size in a Swedish tank and entered service with the Swedish army in November 1941. As a neutral nation in World War II Sweden did not engage in combat; thus its tanks had no battlefield record. Between April 1943 to January 1945, 282 Strv 42s were delivered.
After WWII, the Strv 42 was kept in service, but it was soon clear that it would not have enough firepower to defend Sweden against heavier tanks. The benchmark was the Soviet T-34/85 and the Soviet Union regarded as a major threat in the context of the rising tensions between Eastern and Western Blocs after WWII. The smoldering Korean conflict stirred this fear even more. The Soviet threat seemed even more real to Sweden, which - although still neutral - tightened its relations with the West and NATO, even though the country never joined the Atlantic organization.
This neutrality was especially hard to maintain with such proximity to the USSR borders, especially in the Baltic. In fact it would have been nearly impossible to Sweden to not take sides in case of an open war between the two super powers due to this strategic and geographic position.
The Swedish military was therefore more cautious to elaborate on scenarios of a Soviet invasion to model its combined ground, air and naval assets, even though this position was more nuanced on the political side and these realist ties were maintained on a high secrecy level.
Anyway, the armed forces needed modernization and therefore the Swedish Army decided in 1948 to develop and introduce a modernized or even new battle tank, which primarily incorporated a heavier cannon than the Strv 42, coupled with a more effective armor and high mobility.
In 1949 the Swedish government was secretly provided with the option of purchasing the American M46 Patton, but this offer was rejected as the tank was, with more than 45 tons, considered to be too heavy and too bulky for the local terrain and the Swedish Army’s tactical requirements. The same argument also initially turned down an offer for the British Centurion tank during that time. Consequently, the decision was made in the same year to develop a whole new tank around the Swedish Army's specifications.
The original requirements were:
- In order to effectively use a small number of tanks to cover up a large area, the size and weight of the tank had to be light enough for trains or special trucks to carry and to move on soggy ground.
- Due to the above target, the weight of the armor was limited around 25 tons, yet as heavily armored as possible.
- Main cannon had to be bigger than 75mm.
The Strv 42's chassis turned out to be too narrow for a bigger turret that could accommodate the bigger gun, a crew (of three) and a decent ammunition store.
Its armor concept with many vertical surfaces was also outdated, so that the development of a totally new chassis was started.
The new vehicle was aptly designated Strv 50.
The weight was the main concern since if this first constraint was met, the tank could also be transported by a specially modified truck through most major highways. The second constraint couldn't be met due to the mock up development team finding out that the armor would be too thin to protect the vehicle, even if anything was done to slope the surfaces and increase the armor’s effectiveness. As a result, the armor weight constraint was raised to 35 tons for a while.
However, this weight penalty led to delays in the production of the planned Volvo diesel engine, because the tank did not have enough power to attain good mobility with the overall weight raised by 40%.
The Strv 50 was of conventional layout, with a central turret and the engine located at the rear of the hull. The tank had a crew of four: a commander, driver, gunner and loader. A co-driver/radio operator who'd potentially operate a bow machine gun was omitted in order to save weight and internal space.
The hull was welded steel, with a cast steel turret. The maximum armor thickness was 64 mm.
The driver sat at the front right of the hull, with a hatch immediately above him, and three vision periscopes covering the forward arc. To the drivers left was the transmission, which could easily be accessed for servicing by removing a large panel on the front of the hull.
The track was driven from the front and had six rubber road wheels on each side along with three return rollers - inspired by American designs like the M24 or M26. The suspension was a torsion bar system with the first, second and sixth road wheel fitted with hydraulic shock absorbers.
The commander and gunner sat in the turret, with the commander on the right side provided with a large domed cupola with a hatch on the rear of it. The cupola had four vision blocks and a one-meter base stereoscopic rangefinder with x7 magnification. A further 8 mm machine gun could be mounted on the cupola for manual anti-aircraft use.
The gunner did not have a separate hatch and was seated in front of the commander. The gunner had a x6 magnification periscope, as well as a x6 magnification sight. The loader was provided with a hatch.
The main gun was the British 20 pounder cannon with 84 millimeter (3.3 in) caliber, outfitted with a horizontal sliding breach block and a 4.60 m (15 ft) barrel, 55 calibers in length. This weapon's APCBC projectile had a muzzle velocity of 1,020 meters per second and could penetrate 21 cm (8.3 in) of rolled homogeneous armor (RHA), and the alternative armor-piercing discarding sabot projectile even had a muzzle velocity of 1,465 m/s (4,810 ft/s) and could penetrate 30 cm (12 in) of RHA.
The 20-pounder could also fire high-explosive and canister shot. Storage was provided for 18 rounds in the bustle at the rear of the tank, with additional rounds being distributed in various positions inside the tank for a total of 58 rounds.
In the Strv 50 the gun was fitted with a muzzle brake that diverted firing gases sideways and reduced the amount of dust kicked up by firing. The main gun was not stabilized, so firing on the move was impractical, and the vehicle was not fitted with an NBC protection system or deep wading equipment. Three smoke grenade launchers were mounted on each side of the turret.
The tank was originally to be powered by a the proven VL 420 engine from the post-war 42 versions, but the increased total weight called for a more powerful engine. The result was a 570 horsepower Volvo VL 570 turbocharged V-8 engine. The engine was mounted at the rear of the hull and exhausting through pipes on either side of the rear of the hull. It was coupled with a manual electromagnetic ZF 6-speed transmission system.
Tests in 1952 and 1953 were successful, even though the prototypes had to be powered by the old VL 420 engine, the VL 570 only became available towards the end of the trials.
Nevertheless, the tank's modern suspension and good handling were major improvements compared to the 42, as well as the much more effective armor. In December 1953 the Strv 50 was cleared for production and the delivery of the first tanks started in late 1954. In service, the Strv 50 started to replace the WWII 42 in the heavy tank companies of the armored brigades.
However, just as production was turning up, the Soviet T-54/55 appeared on the scene and rendered the Strv 50 in its intended role as a main battle tank almost obsolete. The 20 pounder cannon was still adequate, but the rather lightly armored Strv 50 would not have been a true adversary for the new generation of Soviet tanks - a more heavily armored MBT was needed for the Swedish Army.
Since the Strv 50 did not offer the potential for an effective upgrade towards what was needed, the Swedish government eventually ordered the British Centurion tank as Stridsvagn 81. In consequence, the Strv 50 was relegated to reconnaissance and infantry support roles (much like the light American M41 Walker Bulldog tank) and the planned production of 250 vehicles was drastically cut back to just 80 which were delivered until 1959.
In the 1960s the Swedish ground forces could count on a small, well-equipped professional core and a large conscript army. However, many tanks and armored cars still dated back then from WW2. Some, like the Terrängbil 42D troop transport, were maintained into service until the 1990s while other old models were recycled or modernized. Even the Strv 42 soldiered on and was finally updated in 1958 to the Stridsvagn 74 standard as a supplement to the newly bought Stridsvagn 101 (a more modern Centurion variant with a 105 mm L7 cannon).
The Strv 50 served on until 1984, when it was phased out together with the Strv 74 and superseded by the Strv 103, the famous and unique, turret-less Swedish “S” tank.
Specifications:
Crew Four (commander, gunner, loader, driver)
Weight 35 tonnes
Length 6.03 metres (23 ft in) (hull only)
8,36 metres (27 ft 5 in) with gun forward
Width 2,95 metres (9 ft 6 in)
Height 2.49 metres (8 ft 1 1/2 in) w/o AA machine gun
Suspension: torsion-bar
Ground clearance: 495 to 510 mm (1 ft 7.5 in to 1 ft 8.1 in)
Fuel capacity: 820 l (180 imp gal; 220 US gal)
Armor:
10–64 mm (0.8 – 2.5 in)
Performance:
Speed:
- Maximum, road: 46 km/h (28.5 mph)
- Sustained, road: 40 km/h (25 mph)
- Cross country: 15 to 25 km/h (9.3 to 15.5 mph)
Operational range: 200 km (125 mi)
Power/weight: 17.14 hp/t
Engine:
VL 570 turbocharged V-8 diesel engine with 570 PS (420 kW)
Transmission:
ZF electromagnetic (6 forward and 2 reverse)
Armament:
1× 90 mm kanon strv 50 L55 with 58 rounds
1× co-axial 8mm ksp m/39 strv machine gun with 3.000 rounds
Optional, but rarely used, another 8mm ksp m/39 strv machine gun anti aircraft machine gun
The kit and its assembly:
Another entry for the “Cold War” Group Build at whatifmodelers.com, and, as a shocker, it’s not a fictional aircraft but a tank! I came across Sweden as an operator because the country tested some German tanks (bought from France) after WWII, including the Panzer V ‘Panther’. While I considered a Swedish Army Panther I eventually went for an indigenous design for the late 50ies – the Strv 50 was born.
The basis is a JGSDF Type 61 tank (Trumpeter kit), more or less the whole body and chassis were taken over. The turret is different/new, a mix of a late WWII M4 Sherman (‘Jumbo’) turret from Wee Friends (resin and white metal) coupled with a white metal gun barrel and some implants from the Type 61 tank like the commander’s cupola or the gun mantle.
The result is a rather generic tank with some retro appeal – like a big brother to the M24 Chaffee or M41 Walker Bulldog, or like a dramatically modernized M4 Sherman?
Painting and markings:
Benchmark were pictures of Swedish post-WWII 42 tanks, painted in a disruptive 3 color scheme of grayish green, black and a light, reddish tan. I used FS 34096, RAL 7021 and French Earth Brown (all Modelmaster enamels) as basic tones. In order to give the vehicle a post WWII look I painted the small wheel hub covers in bright red – a decorative detail inspired by British Army vehicles.
Later the surface received a dark brown wash and some dry-brushing with ochre and grey. After decals were applied (all from the scarp box: the Swedish flags come from a H0 scale Roco Minitanks UN units sheet, the numbers are actually German WWII font), the kits was sealed with matt acrylic varnish.
Finally, the tank was treated with grey and brown artist pigments, simulating dust especially around the lower chassis.
This photo by James Palsgrove, 765th Transportation Railway Shop Battalion (TRSB), shows wounded soldiers being loaded onto a hospital train for transport to the rear. The 765th TRSB, which was part of the 3rd Transportation Military Railway Service (TMRS), operated four hospital trains that traveled between Pusan and the front lines, picking up wounded and sick soldiers at the front and transporting them to hospitals and hospital ships in the rear. Each train was composed of six cars. Jim accompanied the hospital trains to and from the front lines.
This photo is especially touching to me because I was in Taekwangni, our last rail station north, during the Battle of White Horse Mountain in October 1952, and witnessed a similar scene of many soldiers wounded in the battle being loaded onto a hospital train. The hospital train was parked in front of the old box car that served as the Taekwangni rail station.
I'm indebted to Jim for allowing me to use his photo. I am not able to locate most of the numerous photos I took while in Taekwangni on that trip.
The M47 Patton was an American tank, the second tank to be named after General George S. Patton, commander of the U.S. Third Army during World War II and one of the earliest American advocates of tanks in battle. It was a development of the M46 Patton tank mounting an updated turret, and was in turn further developed as the M48 Patton. (wiki)
Main Gun: 90mm, M36 series.
This photo of a wrecked train at Sintanni was taken by August "Gus" Firgau, 712th TROB (Transportation Railway Operating Battalion) during the summer of 1953. Gus was assigned to the Taekwangni rail station.
Taekwangni was located on the 3rd TMRS Sintanni Line. It was just south of town of Sintanni which can be viewed on the Google Earth Map: Chorwon Valley and Ch'at'an-ch'on Valley on page 4.
Orion and the winter stars over the badlands of Dinosaur Provincial Park, in southern Alberta, on a very clear (and rare!) clear night, February 28, 2017. Recent warm weather got rid of most of the snow. So the foreground doesn’t look too wintery!
Orion is at centre, Canis Major (with Sirius) below left, and Taurus (with Aldebaran) at upper right. The Milky Way runs down to the south. The clusters M41, M46 and M47 are visible and the Orion Nebula, M42.
This is a stack of 8 x 30-second exposures for the ground, mean combined to smooth noise, plus one 30-second exposure for the sky. All at f/2.2 with the Sigma 20mm Art lens and Nikon D750 at ISO 6400.