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A reflection off the Swarovski Crystal store in Praha :]

HAPPY NEW YEAR!!!!! :)

I had an amazing time with all my friends, and I hope everyone had a great celebration as well! :] And of course, yesterday was consumed by the Rose Bowl!! I went to work out real quick before the game started, and I was on pull up/dip machine [like so] when the pregame started. One of the commentators said the Rose Bowl is basically just to show how good USC are [except in a really funny way] and my arms buckled and I nearly fell off the machine laughing. It is true, though, with more appearances than any other team and the first to win 3 consecutive bowls!!! GO TROJANS! :D

Triclavianism was one of the beliefs attributed to Albigenses and Waldensians, who held that three nails were used to crucify Christ and that a Roman soldier pierced him with a spear on the left side.The 19th century Anglican scholar George Stanley Faber claimed that Pope Innocent III declared this to be a heresy and maintained that four nails were used and Jesus was pierced on the right side. This was repeated in historical works such as Sofia Bompiani's A Short History of the Italian Waldenses.[2] Faber's book does not quote any primary source, and does not give the name or date of the document of Innocent III. Other scholarly treatments of the subject, such as Herbert Thurston's article in the 1914 Catholic Encyclopedia, make no mention of any such document.George Stanley Faber's account of the history in his 1838 work An Inquiry into the History and Theology of the Ancient Vallenses and Albigenses: As Exhibiting, Agreeably to the Promises, The Perpetuity of the Sincere Church of Christ is as follows:I am not without some suspicion, that the circumstance of the Noble Lesson mentioning the five wounds of Christ, while it is silent as to the number of nails employed, affords another incidental testimony to the correctness of its date.Lucas of Tuy, in the thirteenth century, is very large on this subject. He tells us, that the world had turned to many false opinions: and he specially enumerates, the alleged Docetism of the Albigenses which denied that Christ had truly suffered in the flesh, and the unsound tenet unauthoritatively advanced by other sectaries that three nails only were used in the crucifixion and that the left side (not the right side) of our Lord was pierced by the spear.This last opinion was advocated from about the latter end of the eleventh century: but Pope Innocent III finally and infallibly determined, that four nails were used, and that the Roman soldier pierced the right side of Christ; a decision, which of course stamped the brand of heresy upon Triclavianism.The judgment of the Pope was confirmed by a miracle: and, as a decisive proof that four nails were used and that the right side was pierced, Lucas of Tuy brings forward the remarkable case of St. Francis Assissi, upon whose body were preternaturally impressed the five wounds of our Savior, in such a manner, that the semblance of the heads of four nails appeared in the inside of the two hands and on the outside of the two feet, while there was so real a wound on the right side that it often emitted blood.Now this saint was the founder of one of the two Orders which were started by Innocent III against the Humiliated and the Poor Men of Lyons: and as a part of the project, he contrived, we see, to mark himself in such a manner, as to bear a sort of practical testimony against the old triclavian heresy of those whom he was appointed specially to oppose. All parties acknowledged five wounds: but the semblance of four rusty nail-heads on the hands and feet of Francis were, of course, proof positive, that four of the wounds were inflicted by four nails and not by three.Such an argument would not have been used against those whom Francis was appointed to oppose, unless they had believed that three nails were employed: and, accordingly more than a century earlier, the author of the Noble Lesson, whom I suppose to have been a Triclavian, mentions the five wounds; but, probably in order to avoid giving needless offence is silent as to the number of the nails, and specifies not whether the right side, or the left side was pierced.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclavianism

The authenticity of many of these relics is in question.Very little reliance can be placed upon the authenticity of the thirty or more holy nails which are still venerated, or which have been venerated until recent times, in such treasuries as that of Santa Croce in Rome, or those of Venice, Aachen, Escurial, Nuremberg, Prague, etc. Probably the majority began by professing to be facsimiles which had touched or contained filings from some other nail whose claim was more ancient. It is conceivable that imitations in this way may have come in a very brief space of time to be reputed originals. The bridle of Constantine, for instance, is believed to be identical with a relic of this form which for several centuries has been preserved at Carpentras, but there is another claimant of the same kind at Milan. Similarly the diadem of Constantine is asserted to be at Monza, and it has long been known as "the iron crown of Lombardy." Simple fraud is also a possibility. The tale behind the bridle of Constantine originates with the fifth-century Church historian of Constantinople, Socrates of Constantinople, in his Ecclesiastical History, which was finished shortly after 439.[2] According to Socrates, after Constantine was proclaimed Caesar then Emperor, he ordered that all honor be paid to his mother, Helena to make up for the neglect paid her by her former husband, Constantius Chlorus. After her conversion to Christianity, Constantine sent her on a quest to find the cross and nails used to crucify Jesus. A Jew called Judas (in later retellings called Cyriacus) led her to the place they were buried. Several miracles were claimed, to prove the authenticy of these items, and St. Helena returned with a piece of the cross and the nails. The story that one nail was used to make a bridle, one was used to make the Helmet of Constantine and two were cast into the Adriatic Sea has its origins with Socrates.The Catholic Encyclopedia remarked that given that the question has long been debated whether Christ was crucified with three or with four nails:.One of the nails is said to have come to rest in the Iron Crown of Lombardy.Relics that are claimed to be the Holy Nails with which Christ was crucified are objects of veneration among some Christians, among Catholics and the Eastern Orthodox. In Christian symbolism and art they figure among the Instruments of the Passion or Arma Christi, the objects associated with Jesus' Passion. Like the other Instruments the Holy Nails have become an object of veneration among many Christians and have been pictured in paintings and supposedly recovered.When Helena, mother of Constantine the Great discovered the True Cross in Jerusalem, the legend was told by and repeated by Sozomen and Theodoret that the Holy Nails had been recovered too. Helena left all but a few fragments of the Cross in the Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, but returned with the nails to Constantinople. As Theodoret tells it in his Ecclesiastical History, chapter xvii,The mother of the emperor, on learning the accomplishment of her desire, gave orders that a portion of the nails should be inserted in the royal helmet, in order that the head of her son might be preserved from the darts of his enemies. The other portion of the nails she ordered to be formed into the bridle of his horse, not only to ensure the safety of the emperor, but also to fulfil an ancient prophecy; for long before Zechariah, the prophet, had predicted that 'There shall be upon the bridles of the horses Holiness unto the Lord Almighty.The question of whether Christ was crucified with three or four nails has long been debated, and can hardly be answered with references to medieval treatises or ancient iconic traditions. The details can be followed, however, in the Catholic Encyclopedia (see external link below). The belief that three nails were used is called Triclavianism. To Augustine, such people’s conceptions of time are mistaken because they confuse how we experience time with the divine eternity. The nail of the crucified highlights the clouds in the divine ... Augustine at the time: human time, divine eternity and why the old is really the last. "What was God doing before he made heaven and earth?" (Augustine 261).Do not think, brethren, that heresies can be

produced by a few small souls. Only great men

have created heresies.

St. Augustine

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_(relic)

DANIEL WALTHER

Solusi College, Bulawayo, Rhodesia

WERE THE ALBIGENSES AND WALDENSES

FORERUNNERS OF THE REFORMATION ? When a religious movement comes into existence it tends

to consider itself as an autochthonous phenomenon. Obviously,every reform movement has elements of newness and originality. Martin Luther was not, at first, concerned about spiritual ancestors: "We have come to this point without guide and without a Bohemian doctor." Likewise, in Geneva, Thkodore de B&ze stated that Calvin came "when God had appointed the time." 3 Calvin himself, when asked by Charles V how a Reformation came about, remarked that man cannot bring about a Reformation. When a church is spiritually dead it must be resurrected, and only God has the means to bring this about. The Reformers did not need to seek their origins, since, as was stated by St. Ignatius when he spoke of the orthodox Christians of his time, they have their being rooted in the Gospel. * Similarly, Beausobre wrote that there was no need to seek for spiritual ancestors to the Reformation.5 After the newness subsides, a time of critical examination leads to the conviction that there were other movements which, before their time, had attempted church reforms. There are several approaches to such an analysis. On one hand is the notion of the invisible church, which had to go underground until it gloriously reappeared in the 16th

century. Another concept is that of the unbroken continuity

of ' 'truth" which, through an unmistakable link, goes back

to the inception of Christianity. The relationship between Medieval sects and the Reformation is not of mere academic interest. The seeking for ancestors became a live issue and was ardently debated by historians. It became an object of numerous debates, especially in Huguenot synods.

Church history moved into the debate. Luther himself was

portrayed as a church historian. While Schafer and Jiirgens history and dogma far too little to be able to evaluate it

critically. Moreover, Luther was, like his contemporaries,

much influenced by legends and local rumors. several translations of orthodox defenders of the faith who dealt with medieval heresies. Their methods were recommended as an effective means with which Lutherans and Calvinists might be checked. The Jesuit Gretser, referringto Protestants as the new heretics in line with the Albigenses,

suggested that they could be fought by publishing significant

antiheretical writings of the Middle Ages. 20

The Catholic idea that methods used in the 13th century

could serve as a standard in the Reformation era also had

political overtones. For example, in 1569, Catherine de Medici

told the Venetian ambassador Giovanni Correr that she once

read a manuscript chronicle at Carcassonne in which the

doctrines of the Albigenses were discussed-that they wanted

neither priests nor monks, images, masses, nor churches, and, wrote the ambassador, while reading this text Catherine had the Huguenots in mind. Pius V also wanted the measures against the Albigenses during the Crusade used against the Huguenots of France. He wrote to Catherine de Medici in 1569: "It is only by the total extermination of the Huguenots that the King of France can restore the ancient faith of the noble kingdom of France." 30 St. Bartholomew's night was not far off. Waldenses and Albigenses were discussed not only inreligious circles. The rationalistic author of the Dictionnaire histo~ique et critiqae,

Pierre Bayle, stated "that never before

were the Waldenses discussed as much as today." Bayle.referred to a work where De La ValIette compared the

Albigenses with Calvinism. 46

It has been established that Albigenses and Waldenses

lived at the same time but were far from agreeing on doctrine.In fact, can Albigenses and Waldenses be assimilated?

Though both movements have often been put in a common

category they disagreed on doctrine. They existed roughly

in the same area, but it was mere co-existence. They were not

only far apart in doctrine, but they also frequently debated

their views. The Waldenses were, theologically, the sharpest

opponents of the Albigenses. They had a common enemy, the

papacy, whom both considered the Antichrist. In recent

years the two movements were examined by A. Dondaine

and also by Chr. Thouzellier. 47 It is true that in the 13th

century many documents refer to the Albigenses and Waldenses

together, such as the 258-volume manuscript in the

Doat collection. 48

In 1661 a collection of Waldensian tracts belonging to

Archbishop James Ussher was acquired by the University

of Dublin. This collection was described in 1920 by Mario

Espositio, who listed all the documents as being Waldensian. In 1960 one of these documents was identified as an Albigensian

text, because of an expression in the Lord's Prayer. 50

In documents that have recently been published, the opposition

between the Albigenses and the Waldenses is brought

into sharper focus. Around 1300 the Cathari were attracted

doctrinally by a group of Poor Men of Lyons (Waldenses).

The founder and leader of the "Catholic Poor," Durand of

Huesca, was a former Waldensian converted to Catholicism.

The mission of these "Catholic PoorJ' was to lead the Waldenses

into Catholicism. In 1964 a document directed against

the neo-Manichaeans was published; it is one of the rare

sources giving an insight into the Albigensian teachings by

an opponent who refuted them in debate, and with the use

of Bible texts.One significant debate on Protestantism's forerunners

took place in the 17th century when French Protestantism

was not faring well; the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

was about to occur. One of the most eloquent voices to enter

the debate on Protestantism was that of the bishop of Meaux,

J. B. Bossuet (died 1704). In his Histoire des variations des bglglises protestantes (Paris, 1688), 62 Bossuet challenged and

denied that there was any relationship between medieval

sects and Protestants. Bossuet nevertheless made an important

contribution ; he differentiated clearly between Albigenses

and Waldenses: the Albigenses were of foreign (Eastern)

origin; the Waldenses came into being only in the 12th

century on French soil and could not be accused of nonChristian

concepts. Protestant apologists answered both

these arguments in detail. By the time Bossuet's essay

appeared, it had become a favorite Protestant argument that

Protestantism had not broken out miraculously but preexisted

in several medieval heterodox movements. What

disturbed Protestant defenders particularly was that Bossuet

seemed to deny any relationship between the Protestants

and the medieval attempts at reform. Especially Basnage

was irked by BossuetJs essay (Book XI) which refutes the

"obvious relationship and the ancient and pure forer~nners."~s

One basic argument which can be seen in all reform movements

is that they saw in the church of Rome an apostate

church that followed tradition rather than Scripture. They

refused to consider that priestly intercession was necessary.

The Albigenses denied the legitimacy of the Church of Rome,

and saw in the Pope the Man of Sin. 54

The Roman Church fought the heretics in various ways.

The Church forbade the use of the Gospels, a use which had been specifically prohibited by certain councils 55 because

such use of the Gospels might lead to a critique of the Church

and the rejection of the sacraments, the intercession of the

saints and purgatory. Another charge laid against the heretics was that in espousing poverty they opposed the hierarchy of the Church because of its wealth, and also because of Church ordination, which seemed incompatible with the ideal of poverty so common in many lands. The Albigensian heretics set up a counter church made up of "good men"

(bonshommes) : the perfect ones (perfecti) and the believers

(credentes). The Albigenses had their own esoteric organization over which the Roman Church, of course, had no control. Another criticism was that lay preaching and the ideal of poverty were somehow linked to dualism. 56 The Church laid its greatest stress on fighting this last point: dualism was the core of heresy. However, the charge of dualism was not always laid against the Albigenses in the beginning. For example, Bernard of Clairvaux did not accuse the Albigenses of being Manichaean. In the 12th century the main concern of the Albigenses seemed to be about apostolic succession and ordination, the rejection of the Old Testament, and extreme simplicity of worship. Later on, the charge of dualistic heresy became increasingly insistent. AS far as Protestantsare concerned, they did not consider the Albigenses as their forerunners because they were dualists, but because of their anti-clericalism. There is also a positive common denominator :the urge to follow Scripture, to live and believe according to the Gospel.

digitalcommons.andrews.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=10...

聖釘（せいてい）は、聖遺物のひとつで、イエス・キリストが磔にされた際に手足に打ちつけられた釘であるとキリスト教内で言い伝えられているもの。伝えられるところによれば328年ごろ、コンスタンティヌス1世の母親ヘレナがゴルゴタの丘の跡地、現在の聖墳墓教会付近で聖十字架とともに発見したとされる。

信仰の対象として各地のカトリック教会で祭られている。 カトリック百科事典によれば、世界中で祭られている聖釘は30本を下らないだろうと言われる。中でも最も有名なのは、いわゆる聖槍の中央部に針金で固定されているものである

ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%87%98

not same in german...Der Legende nach wurde Jesus Christus mit den Heiligen Nägeln an das Kreuz geschlagen. Nach der Kreuzabnahme sollen die Nägel zusammen mit dem Kreuz vergraben worden sein. Die Auffindung der Heiligen Nägel ist durch Aufzeichnungen Bischofs Gelasius von Caesarea und Rufinus von Aquileia überliefert. Demnach ließ Helena, die Mutter von Konstantin dem Großen, im Heiligen Land nach Gegenständen suchen, die mit dem Leiden und Sterben Christi in direktem Zusammenhang standen. Zusammen mit dem Heiligen Kreuz sollen auch die Nägel im Jahre 325 gefunden worden sein und durch ein Lichtwunder im Beisein Helenas und des historisch nicht nachweisbaren Bischofs Judas Cyriacus von Jerusalem identifiziert worden sein. Helena sandte die Nägel zusammen mit einem Teil des Kreuzes an ihren Sohn Konstantin den Großen. Einen der Nägel ließ er in seine Eiserne Krone einarbeiten, die übrigen in die Zügel seines Zaumzeugs. Später gingen die Heiligen Nägel durch Schenkungen an andere Besitzer über. Insgesamt erheben 29 bis 34 Stätten Anspruch auf den Besitz Heiliger Nägel. Ein Teil dieser Nägel könnte von der Holzkonstruktion des Kreuzes selbst stammen, wie der Fußbank, dem Sitzpflock, oder dem Titulus crucis INRI-Tafel. Ein weiterer Teil der Heiligen Nägel sind vermutlich Berührungsreliquien, also hinzugefügte Nägel, die einen der Heiligen Nägel Christi berührt hatten. Unter anderen ließ Bischof Karl Borromäus von Mailand acht Nägel nach dem Mailänder Nagel anfertigen und verteilen. Ein weiterer Grund für die große Zahl Heiliger Nägel ist dass sie möglicherweise nicht vom Kreuz Christi stammten sondern aus der Leidensgeschichte anderer Märtyrer und dass teilweise die Nägel zerteilt wurden und selbst winzige Feilspäne der Heiligen Nägel verehrt und in Reliquien oder Reliquiare eingearbeitet wurden. Ein weiterer Teil der Heiligen Nägel ist unbestimmter Herkunft.

de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiliger_Nagel

whith italian a lot of options...I Sacri Chiodi, al pari della Croce, vennero secondo la tradizione rinvenuti da sant'Elena Imperatrice durante il suo viaggio in Terrasanta nel 327-328. Elena lasciò la croce a Gerusalemme, portando invece con sé i chiodi: tornata a Roma, con uno di essi creò un morso di cavallo[4], e ne fece montare un altro sull'elmo del figlio Costantino I, affinché l'imperatore ed il suo cavallo fossero protetti in battaglia. Ad essi si accenna per la prima volta il 25 febbraio 395 in un'orazione di sant'Ambrogio. Dell'esistenza delle reliquie parlò anche in una missiva con l'imperatore Teodosio.Le reliquie si trasmisero ai discendenti dell'imperatore. San Gregorio di Tours parlò invece di quattro chiodi, citandone uno che fu immerso nel mare per calmare una tempesta. Nel VI secolo si trova una documentazione a Costantinopoli della venerazione di più santi chiodi, forse gli originali, forse derivazioni fatte secondo le consuetudini dell'epoca, usando una parte della reliquia originale e aggiungendovi una parte nuova a formare una replica.Le vicende successive delle reliquie si perdono nell'assenza di documentazione, restando solo varie tradizioni orali impossibili da verificare.La più antica menzione del Sacro Chiodo di Milano è del 1389, in cui si fa menzione di una richiesta a Giangaleazzo Visconti a vantaggio della cattedrale metropolitana, dove era riposto ab antiquo uno dei chiodi con cui fu crocifisso il Salvatore. La tradizione fa risalire la presenza del Chiodo a Milano dall'epoca di Ambrogio, ma esistono numerose altre ipotesi sul suo arrivo: messo in salvo spedendolo dopo la furia iconoclasta di Leone Isaurico (sec. VIII), o arrivato con le reliquie dei Magi deposti poi nella basilica di Sant'Eustorgio, o ancora donato al vescovo Arnolfo II da Ottone III; altri ancora ipotizzano che sia arrivato con le Crociate.Il chiodo si trova ancora oggi sospeso sopra l'altare maggiore, nel semicatino absidale, e secondo la tradizione è uno dei due provenienti dal morso del cavallo di Costantino I.Il Sacro Chiodo è oggi conservato in un tabernacolo, posto nel semicatino absidale e segnalato da una luce rossa. Anche se sospeso molto in alto, una luce lo rende visibile da tutta la cattedrale. Il chiodo era originariamente prelevato dall'arcivescovo e mostrato ai fedeli ogni 3 maggio, festa dell'"Invenzione della Santa Croce" (cioè del ritrovamento della Croce), ora viene portato in processione il sabato che precede il 14 settembre, festa dell'Esaltazione della Santa Croce. Per prelevare il chiodo dalla sua custodia viene utilizzata la seicentesca nivola, un curioso ascensore oggi meccanizzato.Il Sacro Chiodo di Roma si trova assieme alle reliquie della Croce nella basilica di Santa Croce in Gerusalemme; secondo la tradizione sarebbe la seconda parte del morso del cavallo di Costantino.La storica Valeriana Maspero ritiene che la corona fosse il diadema montato sull'elmo di Costantino, dove il sacro chiodo era già presente. Dopo la caduta dell'Impero romano d'Occidente, l'elmo di Costantino sarebbe stato portato a Costantinopoli, ma in seguito fu reclamato dal goto Teodorico il Grande, re d'Italia, il quale aveva a Monza la sua residenza estiva. I bizantini gli inviarono il diadema trattenendo la calotta dell'elmo. Esso sarebbe poi stato montato dentro la Corona ferrea.Uno dei chiodi si trova nella cattedrale di Colle Val d'Elsa in provincia di Siena[7][8]. Si tratta di un chiodo di ferro di circa ventidue centimetri di lunghezza, munito ad un'estremità della capocchia ed all'altra ancora appuntito, intaccato e piegato in prossimità della punta. Nelle descrizioni di questa Reliquia riportate nei documenti ufficiali, sia ecclesiastici sia civili, sempre si parla di “Unus ex Clavis quo crucifixus est Dominus Noster Jesus Christus”. Così nelle bolle pontificie di Eugenio IV, Callisto III, Sisto V, Urbano VIII, Clemente X. Secondo un'antica credenza, diffusa fra i colligiani, sembra trattarsi del S. Chiodo che trafisse il piede sinistro di Gesù.Numerose storie, manoscritte e stampate, sono concordi nel tramandarci che questa è giunta in Val d'Elsa nel IX secolo, come prezioso lascito di un vescovo franco. L'alto prelato che era a Roma, in un periodo di intensi contatti della Santa Sede con il Sacro Romano Impero, ricevette la Reliquia dalle mani del pontefice. Nel suo viaggio di ritorno, il vescovo morì a Viterbo e lasciò il prezioso Chiodo nelle mani di un prete del contado colligiano, di Bibbiano, compagno di viaggio del vescovo o forse suo segretario già dal viaggio d'andata. La Reliquia divenne così sua eredità e fu portata nel castello di Bibbiano da dove, infine, alla morte del sacerdote, venne trasportata in Colle, non senza suscitare rivendicazioni da parte della confinante San Gimignano.La tradizione orale, raccolta dal prete Jacopo Fontana nel 1554, così descrive l'avvenimento: ”vedendo detto Prete piangere la Madre si voltò a lei, e gli disse: Madre mia cara, ed onoranda non piangete, che morendo io vi lascerò una Reliquia, che dove Voi vi risolverete a darla o a Colle, o a S. Gimignano sarete onorata, ed accarezzata; ma vorrei questa grazia da Voi, che per esser mio padre da Colle, e Voi da S. Gimignano, che non avesse più animo a S. Gimignano che a Colle, e però vi prego lo facciate intendere in un medesimo tempo a tutti, e chi prima giunge, di quello sia detta Reliquia, e di questo vi prego per l'amor di Dio. […] I Colligiani subito mandarono per tale Reliquia la Compagnìa di S. Croce della Pieve in Piano, quale è la prima Compagnia ordinata, e stabilita a Colle. […] E quegli di S. Gimignano arrivarono […] per aver detta Reliquia, ma non furono a tempo, perché tardarono tanto in armarsi, pensando di avere a combattere con i Colligiani” .L'insigne Reliquia, dato il suo significato, ebbe subito un grande culto. Inizialmente fu custodita in Piano per poi trovare collocazione in Castello all'interno della pieve colligiana. Tra i devoti spicca l'arciprete della pieve, S. Alberto da Chiatina, che resse il clero di Colle dal 1177 al 1202, quando morì 'crocifisso' da lunghe sofferenze corporali sopportate con esemplare pazienza. Molti provvedimenti del Comune testimoniano la costante devozione della comunità colligiana. Il più significativo è forse quello del 5 maggio 1412, quando, su proposta di Taddeo Beltramini, fu stabilito con legge che i testamenti dei cittadini della Terra di Colle, per essere validi a tutti gli effetti civili, dovevano portare la scrittura di un pur minimo lascito a favore del culto del S. Chiodo.Nel 1444 la preziosa Reliquia era ben conservata in un “forzierino di legno dorato”. Circa venti anni dopo, per custodirla degnamente, fu commissionato a Domenico Rosselli un tabernacolo monumentale. Nel 1592, quando Colle fu eretta diocesi e per volontà del suo primo vescovo, il colligiano Usimbardo Usimbardi, fu iniziata la costruzione dell'odierna cattedrale, questa pregevolissima opera del Rinascimento fu inglobata nella nuova cappella progettata per il S. Chiodo insieme al duomo. È interessante notare che l'Opera del Duomo fu qui istituita nel nome di Opera del S. Chiodo.I fedeli che si inchinano a baciare la Reliquia, da sempre la trovano custodita in un povero bucciolo di canna, lo stesso di quel lontano giorno quando il S. Chiodo passò dal vescovo franco al prete colligiano. Le antiche memorie ricordano l'episodio nel quale il popolo di Colle volle porre il Chiodo in un reliquiario d'argento, ma lo si ritrovò miracolosamente nel suo bucciolo di canna, non per mano d'uomo. La devozione della comunità colligiana verso l'insigne Reliquia è perpetuata dalla Centuria del S. Chiodo, associazione di fedeli canonicamente istituita, fondata per iniziativa del fiorentino Giovan Battista Buonaccorsi il quale, divenuto vescovo di Colle, tra i primi suoi atti volle erigere una Centuria all'altare del S. Chiodo: era il 14 maggio 1645 , lo stesso anno della sua nomina vescovile.

it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacri_Chiodi

Negative No: 1971-0466 - Negatives Book Entry: Milton Grove Chorlton T.P Inquiry

Thanks for all the inquiries about my well being. The conventional wisdom seems to be that the zombies got me. They are going to have to try a bit harder. Truth is that real life caught up with me and I'm deep in the midst of launching a new business venture. The camera has been gathering dust and I haven't had time to visit your streams, which I miss immensely. I hope to come up for air soon and get back in the flickr routine. I will try to check in with a comment or two when I can. Until then, Happy Easter, Happy Zombie Sunday and Happy Flickring. Be well.

Spread throughout

Observed conditions

Emotional intellectualizing

Negative No: 1971-0429 - Negatives Book Entry: Acomb Street T.P Inquiry

FlickrMail to me for inquiries licence images

Follow me on instagram

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Posted 12/29/22

- - - 5/18/24 Update: Please contact me if interested in acquiring my complete collection of #7UpUnCola billboards and posters in all sizes (serious inquiries only). These are literally the "best of the best" collected since 2010. I've kept the very best and sold the rest in dozens and dozens of transactions, including to international vintage poster dealers. This is by far the largest collection of its kind in the world to my knowledge. - - -

- - - Please note that ALL of my images are "All Rights Reserved" and are posted for educational purposes only. Please do the right thing and contact me in advance if you wish to discuss the use or reuse of my images and provide a link to my originals. I would also ask that I be given a "first look" at any 7Up UnCola billboards or posters before you market them to the general public in return for my extensive investment in time, money and research, including interviewing some of the surviving artists. Thanks, and enjoy. - - -

Search "7Up UnCola Billboards" on eBay www.ebay.com/usr/finishstrong312 or peruse my albums on Flickr.com www.flickr.com/photos/30559980@N07/albums if you'd like to learn more about this stunning body of work or acquire originals that might be duplicates to me. I keep the best and sell the rest.

- - -12 of my duplicate originals are for sale now as a set. They total about 2,500 square feet of 50-year-old offset lithographic posters. See my adjacent post. - - -

www.flickr.com/photos/30559980@N07/52580627326/in/album-7...

www.ebay.com/itm/325510867263

You can learn more about my one-of-a-kind 7Up UnCola billboard & poster collection by reading this in-depth 2016 article in Collectors Weekly (dot com) or the other links that follow:

www.collectorsweekly.com/articles/collecting-7ups-most-be...

flashbak.com/when-7up-was-cool-the-uncola-ad-campaign-196...

www.djfood.org/7up-the-uncola-posters/

dangerousminds.net/comments/the_uncola_7up_and_the_most_p...

This image:

This is a collage of the 54 +/- billboard images by the Seven Up Company working with the J Walter Thompson [advertising] Company of Chicago (the Midwest Mad Men) between about 1969 and the middle of the 1970's. They are arranged in chronological order as much as I can determine per the rainlap diagram on the rear of top left Panel A1 of each copy.

I also used my collection of several booklets about "The UnCola" award winning ad campaign and the expiration dates of billboard and poster offers to bracket the possible issue dates of each.

They represent over 11,300 square feet (1,053 sq. meters) which would equal 2.5 regulation basketball courts laid side to side.

Most are ONE-OF-A-KIND, TWO-OF-A-KIND, or one of just a couple dozen known copies at the most. VERY RARE

Learn more about this collective body of work in my various albums posted here on Flickr:

www.flickr.com/photos/30559980@N07/albums

"The UnCola" story:

My listings come from the largest, one-of-a-kind collection of 7Up UnCola posters and billboards in the world. To learn more about this award winning ad campaign, search for in-depth articles by Collectors Weekly (Collecting 7Ups Most Beautiful Hallucinatory Billboards), Dangerous Minds (The UnCola 7Up And The Most Psychedelic LSD Friendly Ad Campaign of All Time) or DJ Food's (7Up The UnCola Posters) blogs. Alternately, search <7Up UnCola> on flickr dot com and you'll quickly find out more about these art competition winning advertising images issued in the late 60's & early 70's:

These outdoor ads (billboards) were commissioned by the J. Walter Thompson [advertising] Co. of Chicago (JWT) between 1969 and the mid-1970's. I consider them the "Midwest Mad Men". Most of the 54+ extremely colorful billboard & poster images were illustrated by invited outside freelance artists who were allowed to sign their names on the originals if desired - not all did. If their design was selected, they received $2,000 for the final artwork. My collection includes at least one each of over two-thirds of the billboards and only my duplicate copies are being offered for sale. A few images were produced in-house at JWT, and never with the artist's name on them. JWT wisely chose to invite only up and coming artists and not well known graphic stars so as not to let their notoriety overshadow the 7Up product itself. FYI - Peter Max did NONE of the 7Up posters, contrary to popular belief. This famous ad campaign increased sales by 30% in a short time and rescued Seven Up from near bankruptcy. Since then they've lost their fizz.

Many of the artists have gone on to great fame in the graphics community Milton Glaser (I [heart] NY logo) (Mad Men final Season 7 poster; co-founder of Push Pin Studios), Seymour Chwast (co-founder of Push Pin Studios) with Isadore Seltzer (Push Pin), John Alcorn (Push Pin), Barry Zaid (Push Pin), Kim Whitesides, Jacqui Morgan, Simms Taback (1st Happy Meal Box in Smithsonian & Caldecott Honor for children's books), Skip Williamson (underground comics), Robert Abel (1st Tron movie animations), Charlie White III (permanent collection at MOMA), John Craig, Ray Lyle, Heather Cooper, Nancy Martell, Roger Chouinard, Pat Dypold, Bob Taylor, Tom Kamifuji (original rainbow logo for Apple), Bill Bosworth, Ed George, Joanne _ and probably several others.

From time to time Seven Up offered other billboard and poster images to the general public for prices ranging from $0.50 to $1.50 for posters and $3.50 up to $8.50 for billboards. My collection also includes a number of billboard & poster offers that helps me to pin down issue dates.

Check out this recent 69 second 7Up Vintage Limited Edition Art Series video that features several 7Up UnCola images from my collection:

www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fd8EonCcyAs

0:31 "Butterfly & Bottle”

0:33 "The UnUsual”

0:35 "UnCanny In Cans”

0:36 “See The Light”

0:40 “# Un In The Sun”

0:41 "Wet Un Wild”

For More info or inquiry please visit my official website www.salsayegh.com or email me at info@salsayegh.com

Picture Info:

CameraCanon EOS 5D Mark III

Exposure0.4

Aperturef/13.0

Focal Length16 mm

ISO Speed100

Exposure Bias0 EV

FlashOff, Did not fire

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

حقوق الطبع والنسخ والنشر والحفظ في هذا الالبوم جميعها محفوظة وحصرية لـ سارة الصايغ ولا يمكن حفظ او نسخ او نشر او استخدام اي من الصور بدون اذن او عقد مسبق مع المصور

ان كان لديك الرغبة في استخدام او شراء اي من الصور الخاصة بالمصور يمكنك مراسلتي عبر البريد الالكتروني المذكور اعلاه

واي تعديات تخالف ما تم ذكره مسبقاً ستعرض مرتكبها للمسائلة والملاحقة القانونيةWarning!:-Please Don`t Comment With Your Last Picture Or URL, Your Comment Will Be Deleted-Silly Comments Will Be DELETED!.All Rights Reserved for The Photographer. Any usage of the Picture without permission will cause you legal action.

Decay and bad memories are all that is left of this abandoned New York asylum.

All photos are available to purchase upon request. For inquiries, please email me at findandseekcreative@yahoo.com

shot using Lensbaby www.lensbaby.com/

© Nuno Caldeira

For licensing and inquiries ✉ hello@iamnunocaldeira.com www.iamnunocaldeira.com

Brand-new image created for Antler Gallery in Portland, Oregon. This piece is now available through Antler for their Unnatural Histories V annual group show, opening this evening! For inquiries on adopting this piece, please e-mail antlerpdx@gmail.com.

This annual show asks artists to create imaginary creatures or visit mythological creatures from any genre, and then write a description for their creature. I made mine up, based loosely off of fae and dryads. Here's my description I wrote for this imagined creature!

"The solitary and nomadic Neráidos dwells deep within the old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest. This mystical creature travels from forest to forest, feeding on local flora before moving on. All Neráidos are herbivores. They subsist on the detritus of decomposing vegetation found on the forest floor but have been known to eat fungi, moss, and fresh ivy as well. Although Neráidos prefer to live in isolation, forest rats are drawn to them and often travel many miles alongside their dryadic companions. Scholars speculate that the two share a symbiotic relationship, although no one has gathered enough data to confirm this theory. Catching sight of one of these mysterious forest dwellers is incredibly rare, as they have the ability to shapeshift—and will do so the moment any human comes within a few hundred feet of them. When they sense danger or an unfamiliar presence, they rapidly assume the form of a mossy tree, tangled with ivy. Their limbs become rooted to the earth, and in this form, they draw nutrients from the soil, allowing them to remain hidden for as long as a year, if necessary. Due to deforestation, Neráidos settle into their tree form less and less frequently. It seems that Neráidos are migrating farther north, perhaps due to reckless logging, as fortunate hikers (and unfortunate loggers) have reported Neráidos sightings as far north as the Yukon Territory."

Website | Instagram | 500px | Facebook | Tumblr

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

FlickrMail to me for inquiries licence images

Follow me on instagram

www.instagram.com/mikemikecat/

"The Circle of Death I" / acrylics on canvas

For inquiries and purchases write at objectos@objectos-misturados.pt

REPRODUCTION AND REDISTRIBUTION IS PROHIBITED WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE PHOTOGRAPHER. Inquiries to permissions may be made to this photographer through Flickr mail at this photo stream account.

The new campus of the Wirtschaftsuniversität (Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration), our oldest partner in Vienna. The universities in Vienna are a global strategic partner for the University of Illinois.

London Pride 2019

For More info or inquiry please visit my official website www.salsayegh.com or email me at info@salsayegh.com

CameraCanon EOS 5D Mark III

Exposure13

Aperturef/13.0

Focal Length16 mm

ISO Speed50

Exposure Bias0 EV

FlashOff, Did not fire

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

حقوق الطبع والنسخ والنشر والحفظ في هذا الالبوم جميعها محفوظة وحصرية لـ سارة الصايغ ولا يمكن حفظ او نسخ او نشر او استخدام اي من الصور بدون اذن او عقد مسبق مع المصور

ان كان لديك الرغبة في استخدام او شراء اي من الصور الخاصة بالمصور يمكنك مراسلتي عبر البريد الالكتروني المذكور اعلاه

واي تعديات تخالف ما تم ذكره مسبقاً ستعرض مرتكبها للمسائلة والملاحقة القانونيةWarning!:-Please Don`t Comment With Your Last Picture Or URL, Your Comment Will Be Deleted-Silly Comments Will Be DELETED!.All Rights Reserved for The Photographer. Any usage of the Picture without permission will cause you legal action.

View On Black

"The Circle of Death III" / acrylics on canvas / 2014 / 73 x 92 cm

For inquiries and purchases write at objectos@objectos-misturados.pt

I was tagged by Tanya (tcugumy (◕‿◕)) and Camilla (camillaeatfiftyeggs) :3

(Sorry, this is an old pic because i'm just too ugly for the moment...)

Rules are simple: Take a photo of yourself and answer a couple of easy questions.

1.Your nickname?

-Stéph

-Nanie

2.Your favourite colour?

-Blue

3.Your favourite city?

-Tokyo

4.Your favourite book?

-Marie-Antoinette (Stefan Zweig)

5.Your favourite film?

-A.I. (Steven Spielberg)

6.Your favourite album?

-The Poison (Bullet For My Valentine)

7.Favourite season?

-Winter

8.Favourite TV-series?

-ER

9.Your favourite animal? If you can't say a cat or a dog.

-Suricate (Meerkat)

10.How many languages do you speak?

Perfect French :) and not perfect but correct, English and Japanese.

Now TAG some people.

© 2016 Galdones Photography (galdones.com) for COCHON 555. All rights reserved.

For press use, please credit: Galdones Photography/COCHON 555.

Contact photo@cochon555.com for all other usage inquiries.

A looping style inquiry written in Bill's notebook.

(1) Tell me a way you protect others from the truth of your being.

(2) Tell me what is right about protecting others from your being.

(3) Tell me what you experience when you protect others from your being.

Who knows what's on his little mind?

9x12 Watercolor & Paper comission

True story. Email me if interested in modeling, serious inquiries only.

This week’s theme for my 52 project is “Something Old/Something New.” This is my alternate shot. I guess the vintage “inquiry” sign didn’t meet corporate standards so they put this new “information” sign above it. I think it would look better without the new signage.

152 cm x 91 cm

60" x 36"

2020 - 2022

urethane and acrylic binders, pigments in dispersal water, dry iridescent pigments and resin on panel

purchase inquiries to bruceriley@bruce-riley.com

Processed with VSCO with c8 preset

One of my faves from my client shoot for a fashion boutique.

© Lois Campos Fotography 2014

For further inquiries for photo shoots: www.facebook.com/LoisFotography

For questions, purchase, and licensing inquiries, email me at weedidas@live.ca :)

FlickrMail to me for inquiries license images

Follow me on Instagram

www.instagram.com/mikemikecat/

✩ f o l l o w ➭ A L A I A ✩

Subscribe to @HiAlaia Youtube Channel ➭ www.youtube.com/@HiAlaia

Instagram ➭ www.instagram.com/HiAlaia

TikTok ➭ www.tiktok.com/@hialaiashow

Facebook ➭ www.facebook.com/HiAlaiaShow

Website ➭ bit.ly/HiAlaiaWebsite

Photos ➭ www.flickr.com/photos/hialaia/

👋 Hi Alaia 🌺 follows Alaia on her everyday life experiences. Join Alaia as she showcases a wide range of engaging life activities that explore learning, traveling, educational, motivational topics and much more. Come along with Alaia as she takes a real life journey around the world with family and friends.

For Business and Promotional Inquiries:

HiAlaia@yahoo.com

#HiAlaia #HiAlaiaShow HiAlaia.com #Hi #Alaia #Alaïa #AlaiaHi

“The framers did not write a fixed standard. Instead, they adopted from English history a standard sufficiently general and flexible to meet future circumstances and events, the nature and character of which they could not foresee.”

— Constitutional Grounds for Presidential Impeachment

▶ Report by the Staff of the Impeachment Inquiry

Committee on the Judiciary

House of Representatives

Nine-Third Congress

February 1974.

******************

▶ “A document Hillary Clinton helped write nearly a half-century ago has returned from the dead to threaten the man she couldn’t vanquish in 2016.

In an ironic twist, the document was resurrected in the late 1990s. Republicans gleefully used it to bolster their unsuccessful bid to oust Clinton’s now-husband, President Bill Clinton. Then it faded from public conscience [sic] — again.

Until now, that is. The 45-year-old report has become a handbook House Democratic lawmakers and aides say they are using to help determine whether they have the goods to mount a full-scale impeachment effort against President Donald Trump, the same man who three years ago upended Hillary Clinton’s bid for a return trip to the White House. [...]

The resulting title of the report, 'Constitutional Grounds for Presidential Impeachment,' may elicit yawns. But what they produced became a seminal 64-page road map with appendices that looks into what counts as an impeachable offense.”

— Politico

16 September 2019.

***************

▶ Image uploaded by Yours For Good Fermentables.com.

▶ For a larger image, type 'L' (without the quotation marks).

— Follow on web: YoursForGoodFermentables.com.

— Follow on Twitter: @Cizauskas.

— Follow on Facebook: YoursForGoodFermentables.

— Follow on Instagram: @tcizauskas.

▶ Commercial use requires explicit permission, as per Creative Commons.

What months and months of Robert Mueller investigations failed to do, in one week, a phone call from President Trump to Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky revealed the president's blatant misuse of power. While the Mueller report was complicated and nuanced; Trump's latest actions are much clearer and easier to parse. Impeachment of a president is a serious and solemn process. The premature, yet peaceful removal of the Chief Executive is not taken lightly. The support of the public is critical to its legitimacy. Whereas it was difficult to gain public support during the years it took to investigate Russian interference in our 2016 election, this abuse of authority, as made evident in Trump's conversation with Zelensky is much easier to understand. Therefore, this investigation is moving very quickly. Everyday new information is revealed. Additional questionable actions by the president and his staff lead to a wider inquiries. Yet, the president and his followers think he has done nothing wrong.

And so begins the battle. After the transcript of Trump's call was revealed and after a whistleblower came forward with additional accusations, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi called for an impeachment inquiry. The stakes on both sides are increasing exponentially. On October 3, 2019, in front of journalists on the South Lawn of the White House, Donald Trump once again called on the Ukraine to investigate Joe Biden. He also called for China to investigate the former vice president (the Chinese aren't interested). Never in the history of the United States has a president asked for the assistance of other countries to investigate a rival presidential candidate in an American election. And, never had a president asked one of the United States' geopolitical rivals to intervene in our domestic affairs. It seemed Trump would do anything to make sure his 2016 election was seen as legitimate, even if it compromised national security.

The longer this has gone on, the more acerbic Trump has become. He is consumed with anger, referring to the whistleblower's source as "almost a spy" and accusing the Democratic House Intelligence Chair, Congressman Adam Schiff, of treason. To many, Trump appears "unhinged" the more information becomes public. In July 2019, the president told a group of students the Constitution allowed him to "do whatever I want as president." "I have an Article II, where I have to the right to do whatever I want as president." But, Article II of the Constitution grants the president "executive power," not unlimited power. It also stipulates one of Congress' roles is oversight, including the office of the president.

Donald Trump's interpretation of the Constitution is dangerous. This hurts Americans, immigrants, asylum seekers, and others at risk. He is more interested in himself than the welfare of Americans. Worse, any moral politicians on Trump's staff have disappeared. He is now surrounded by "Yes People," from staff and his political appointees to members of the Republican Party who have hitched their careers to his presidency.

In his inauguration address he stated:

"We, the citizens of America, are now joined in a great national effort to rebuild our country and to restore its promise for all of our people. Together, we will determine the course of America and the world for years to come....For too long, a small group in our nation’s Capital has reaped the rewards of government while the people have borne the cost....Politicians prospered – but the jobs left, and the factories closed....What truly matters is not which party controls our government, but whether our government is controlled by the people....At the center of this movement is a crucial conviction: that a nation exists to serve its citizens."

Sadly, as the last three years can attest, his words have meant nothing. Trump, his family, and his cronies have reaped the rewards and fleeced its citizens. I had hoped that the rhetoric which marked his campaign would shift to a more inclusive behavior after his election. This has not come to pass. Trump is not a president of all Americans, only certain people. The lives of the rest of us have no meaning to him. He simply doesn't care. And, he doesn't care which laws he violates in order to get what he wants.

As president, Donald Trump is living dangerously and so we are living dangerously.

See the rest of the posters from the Chamomile Tea Party! Digital high res downloads are free here (click the down arrow on the lower right side of the image). Other options are available. And join our Facebook group.

Follow the history of the last eight years of our country's political intransigence through a six-part exhibit of these posters on Google Arts & Culture.

I stopped in at the city-owned seniors housing building in my neighborhood to drop off a print I’d made of a man without internet who had participated in my Human Family project a couple of weeks ago. I was let into the lobby by this woman who was in her wheelchair in the lobby with a couple of other residents. She directed my inquiry to another man, Ambrose. “He knows everyone.” Ambrose told me he would ensure that Calvin got his photo. Turning back to exit after thanking him, I noticed this woman’s distinctive features and the beautiful light coming in through the front windows. I asked if she would be my next project subject. She waved off the invitation with the commonly-heard excuses of not being photogenic and likely to break my camera lens. I sensed it was worth pursuing and explained that photogenic does not have to be 25 year old movie star but it is often someone with character whose face tells a story. After offering to delete photos if she gave it a try and didn’t like them, I also told her I would not press the point if she was dead-set against it. I find that giving potential subjects control often helps. Ambrose urged her to say yes and pointed out that she would get a good portrait for free and she gave in. Meet Leonora.

The light was beautiful but the background was uninspiring. With Leonora in a wheelchair and no better options than to work with the situation as it was, I kneeled down and got out my camera. I explained that my only request was that she look into the lens and I asked permission to tip her hat back a tiny bit so that her eyes would show. I tried two slightly different angles and could see that I had covered the options available so I showed her the photos and then we talked.

Leonora exercised the woman’s prerogative and declined to tell me her age. I told her that was her right and explained she could decline answering any of my questions if she wished but that they were intended to help me build a story about her to go along with the project portrait.

Leonora was born and raised in Trinidad. “Oh, so you’re a Trinnie” I said. I find that this opens doors with Trinidadians. Leonora came to Canada a year after I did (1974) and I told her so. Another connection was established. She came here to “get away from some things back home.” I invited her to say more if she could and after a pause she said “Let’s say it was marital in nature.” She has four adult children, all of whom followed her to Canada. “I came here to get away and then they all followed me” she joked. She touched on the fact that it was an unhappy marital situation she was leaving behind, not her children. “Sometimes things just don’t work out the way we want them to.”

When I asked about her work history Leonora’s face brightened. “I was a chef at a downtown college for many years.” It seems there was a dining facility for faculty and administration and that’s where she did her cooking. She mentioned this with pride. When asked to describe herself she said “I used to love partying and dancing. She said her friends would probably say she is a generous person. Her message to the project? “Tolerance. I want young people to love their parents and learn to respect their elders. Also, we really need peace in the world.” I agreed with both messages and told her so.

She grew reflective and said when talking about the past, “Sometimes I wonder - if I’d stayed in Trinidad would things with my husband have improved? I doubt it, but one wonders. He died a couple of years ago and it may seem surprising but I felt quite sad.” I said that didn’t surprise me at all. It’s common to grieve even people we had problems with.

Leonora expressed concern for my knees as I was still kneeling on the tile floor chatting with her. I said my knees wouldn’t complain until I tried to stand up again. We shared a laugh. It was only then that I noticed one of her feet had no shoe but a sock instead and it looked like part of her foot was missing. I commented that she had a bad foot and she agreed and said “I’ve already lost a leg.” This surprised me as I hadn’t noticed. She rapped the other leg with her knuckles and I heard the solid knock of her prosthesis. “Circulation problems” she said. I responded “It seems you’ve been through a lot lately. It must have been hard to adjust to.” Leonora said “Yes, it really was at first, but you have to learn to accept the things you can’t change.” I agreed and thanked her for participating in my project, commenting that her medical challenges have not made her bitter.

All in all, it was a totally unexpected encounter, but a rewarding one. Hearing that I’m 70 and live in the area, Leonora and her friends who were watching the interaction said “Why don’t you go ahead and apply for a place here? The office is open (across the hall) and you’re old enough.” I said “I’m certainly old enough but I’m not ready yet. Thank you for the suggestion, though. It’s good to know one’s options.”

Thank you Leonora for letting me into the lobby and for being such a friendly and interesting subject for my Human Family project on Flickr. I hope I proved you wrong about not being photogenic.

This is my 262nd submission to The Human Family Group on Flickr.

You can view more street portraits and stories by visiting The Human Family.

Winter bill board

I will include this photo in the sequential part of this inquiry - when complete it can be compared with minimal music - a sequence of small changes.

View On Black

Scenes outside the Capitol shortly after the decision to open an impeachment inquiry.

Artist: P.W.

Description: States, 'Ex Libris Clara Meyer;' depicts a wreath of stylized foilage with the profile of a skull on the left. Signed on the bottom right 'P.W.'

Format: 1 print, col., 11 x 8 cm.

Source: Pratt Institute Libraries, Special Collections 684 (sc01406)

Pratt Libraries Website

For inquiries regarding permissions and use fees, please contact: rightsandrepro.library@pratt.edu.

Morocco, March 2012.