View allAll Photos Tagged Inca
The Chacapoya mausoleum was used by the Inca administrative elite after they conquered that part of the Chachapoya territory.
As a result, there was an abundance of ceramic vessels in the provincial Inca style, in shapes I've never seen before.
What I loved about the exhibit was that many of the displays were illustrated by drawings from Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala's 1615 Nueva corónica y buen gobierno. For more about Guaman Poma, see: www.kb.dk/permalink/2006/poma/info/en/frontpage.htm
From the Museo Leymebamba in Leymebamba, Amazonas Department, Peru.
The museum's web site states:
Inaugurated in June 2000, the Museo Leymebamba displays the more than 200 mummies and their burial offerings recovered in 1997 from the Laguna de los Cóndores by a salvage Project directed by Centro Mallqui. Once at risk from looters and vandals, today this valuable collection is housed in the Museo Leymebamba. An initiative of The Bioanthropology Foundation Peru-Centro Mallqui, the Museo Leymebamba’s construction was made possible by a donation from a group of Austrian citizens as well as by funds from private donors.
For more information, visit:
Road trip Argentina, Bolívia and Peru -2013.
osviajantesaventureiros.wordpress.com/2015/01/06/expedica...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ollantaytambo
www.cuscoperu.com/en/travel/sacred-valley-of-the-incas/ar...
Description
The Inca tern is roughly 39 to 42 cm (15 to 17 in) long and weighs between 180 to 210 g (6.3 to 7.4 oz). Its plumage is uniquely colorful, among terns; adults have a mostly dark, slate-gray body, with a paler throat and underwing coverts. A white stripe extends back from the base of the bill and fans-out as long, satiny feathers along the side of the neck. The trailing edge of their wing, and the edges of the four outer primaries, are white. Their tail is black and moderately forked. Their iris is brown, with legs and feet that are dark red. Their bill is dark red with bare yellow skin at the base. Chicks are, upon hatching, a purplish-brown, progressing through brownish-gray before developing mature plumage. The chicks' bills and legs are dark and horn-colored, and gradually attain the red of adults'.
Distribution and habitat
The Inca tern is an inhabitant of the Humboldt Current region. It breeds from Lobos de Tierra, in northern Perú, south to the Aconcagua River, near Valparaíso, Chile. Some disperse north into Ecuador after breeding. It is a casual visitor to Panamá and Costa Rica, and has also been recorded as a vagrant in Guatemala and Hawaii. The Hawaiian documented birds, in particular, remained from March through November on the Hawaiian archipelago.
The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society treats the Inca tern's presence in Colombia as "hypothetical", due to a number of unverified or undocumented sightings. On the biodiversity database iNaturalist, one 'research-grade' sighting (with photo) has been documented from the coast of Buenaventura, Colombia's Isla Cascajal, dated July 2023.
The Inca tern nests on sea cliffs and guano islands, as well as manmade structures (such as ledges under piers) and abandoned barges. It will gather with other sea and shorebirds on sandy beaches.
This bronzy inca hummingbird is zeroing in on his next meal. He had already inserted his beak in the flower to the right and in this shot he is just about to feed off the second flower. If you look carefully you can see that he has dislodged some pollen from the first flower.
Bronzy incas live in humid montane forests from the northern Andes in Venezuela south to southeast Bolivia. These birds are often considered to be among the drabbest of hummingbirds but if you get them in the right light light you can see a rich range of colours.
I photographed this bronzy inca at the Cock of the Rock Lodge in Manu National Park in Peru.
Collared Inca, Ecuador, March 28, 2016
Coeligena torquata
.
Another of the 41 hummingbirds we saw on our trip.
Collared Incas are extremely quick fliers but occasionally identify themselves in the forest by flashing open their white tails. These large hummers frequent humid montane forests—especially those that are dense and moss-filled, and also live around shrubby forest edges. They tend to feed low in dense, tangled shrubs and hover underneath flowers to feed. Both males and females have white outer tail feathers and large chest patches. The chest patch is either white or rufous, depending on geographic location.
Primer dibujo con la Rotring ArtPen, y primer descubrimiento de novato, la tinta no es resistente al agua...
Inca Tern at the Lisbon Oceanarium
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This beautiful Inca Tern (Larosterna inca) is the only species of tern to nest on rock formations such as cliffs or caves.
It inhabits the Peruvian coast as well as a section of northern Chile.
I photographed this unmistakable adult on a rocky peer not too far away from Miraflores, Lima. I find fascinating how tame and used to people this terns are.
Oh Peru, why did you always look like a dream to me? We ended up having great weather conditions- the fog and cloudiness added such a nice effect to my trip photos. It was amazing to see how fast the scenery changed with the clouds constantly moving...
Description
The Inca tern is roughly 39 to 42 cm (15 to 17 in) long and weighs between 180 to 210 g (6.3 to 7.4 oz). Its plumage is uniquely colorful, among terns; adults have a mostly dark, slate-gray body, with a paler throat and underwing coverts. A white stripe extends back from the base of the bill and fans-out as long, satiny feathers along the side of the neck. The trailing edge of their wing, and the edges of the four outer primaries, are white. Their tail is black and moderately forked. Their iris is brown, with legs and feet that are dark red. Their bill is dark red with bare yellow skin at the base. Chicks are, upon hatching, a purplish-brown, progressing through brownish-gray before developing mature plumage. The chicks' bills and legs are dark and horn-colored, and gradually attain the red of adults'.
Distribution and habitat
The Inca tern is an inhabitant of the Humboldt Current region. It breeds from Lobos de Tierra, in northern Perú, south to the Aconcagua River, near Valparaíso, Chile. Some disperse north into Ecuador after breeding. It is a casual visitor to Panamá and Costa Rica, and has also been recorded as a vagrant in Guatemala and Hawaii. The Hawaiian documented birds, in particular, remained from March through November on the Hawaiian archipelago.
The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society treats the Inca tern's presence in Colombia as "hypothetical", due to a number of unverified or undocumented sightings. On the biodiversity database iNaturalist, one 'research-grade' sighting (with photo) has been documented from the coast of Buenaventura, Colombia's Isla Cascajal, dated July 2023.
The Inca tern nests on sea cliffs and guano islands, as well as manmade structures (such as ledges under piers) and abandoned barges. It will gather with other sea and shorebirds on sandy beaches.
(Coeligena torquata)
Reserva Forestal Rio Blanco
Manizales, Caldas - Colombia
© Sebastián Gutiérrez Flórez
Estación INCAS de la Universidad de Chile en Putre. INCAS Laboratory of University of Chile, Putre. Chilean Network of Cosmic-Ray Observatories
www.arqueologiadelperu.com/knotting-the-past-new-khipu-ar...
Dr. Alejandro Chu (left) removing khipu from storage facility floor (photo by Gary Urton).
[caption id="attachment_755417" align="alignright" width="300"] (Courtesy Gary Urton) Inca khipu[/caption]
Archaeologists excavating an Inca storehouse at the site of Inkawasi on Peru’s south coast have unearthed 34 khipus, the knotted-string devices once used by the Andean people for keeping records. Some khipus encode purely numerical data, while others contain deeper forms of information, such as records of historical events—but these remain undeciphered. Many of the Inkawasi khipus were found with or covered by the remains of produce, such as peanuts, black beans, and chili peppers, and it’s likely they were used to keep track of those crops when they were brought to storage. Analysis of the khipus shows that some subtract a fixed value from tallies at regular intervals, and could possibly represent a state tax. Harvard archaeologist Gary Urton, who has studied the Inkawaski khipus, is hopeful that understanding the archive may eventually contribute to reading more elaborate examples. “Our income tax forms and our novels use the same alphabet. If we can learn how to read a chili pepper khipu or a peanut khipu,” says Urton, “it might help us in the long run to read the khipus that record historical events.”
“Let me make this clear, that we cannot read khipus,” Dumbarton Oaks Visiting Professor Gary Urton told a crowd of assembled Fellows, staff, and Pre-Columbian scholars as he began to present his findings on a cache of khipus recently uncovered at Inkawasi, an archaeological site located on the south coast of Peru.
Urton, Dumbarton Oaks Professor of Pre-Columbian Studies at Harvard and Anthropology Department Chair, has spent much of the last two decades studyingkhipus, the knotted-string devices that the Inca used for record-keeping across the vast Andean empire. While neither Urton nor anyone else can read khipus,twentieth-century anthropologists were able to decode the numeric significance of the knots in khipus, and Urton has done much to delineate their structural elements.
Although the Spanish conquistadores were also unable to read khipus, Urton explained, when they arrived in Peru they understood the value of the khipu and thekhipukamayuq—or khipu-keeper, who both created and read khipus—in providing them with the data they would need to establish their colonial state in the lands of the Inca empire. “They systematically called in the khipu-keepers and had them read their khipus out, and they copied down the information, and that became the basis of our earliest records,” Urton said.
The Spaniards, he continued, also knew about the casas publicas, or public houses, the term used by chroniclers for the archives full of the knotted cords that were maintained by the khipukamayuqs. Working with Carrie Brezine, a PhD student, Urton was able in the past to identify twelve different archives of khipus,which helped provide provenances for about 220 of the 845 khipus that are known to archaeologists.
A new khipu archive, the subject of Urton’s lecture, has recently been discovered at the site of Inkawasi, an Inca storehouse and administrative center in the dry Cañete Valley on the south coast of Peru. “The site was apparently built when the Incas moved down from Cusco to the south coast to begin conquering the people” there, Urton said. Spanish accounts of the city, he continued, suggest that it was built exactly like Cusco, with each structure and hill named after those that existed in the Inca capital.
In Inkawasi, archaeologists uncovered a storehouse comprised of open sorting areas, large rectangular callancas (storage buildings), and smaller storage bins that surrounded the central sorting areas and callancas. In this storehouse, beginning in 2013, excavators working under the direction of archaeologist Alejandro Chu found several khipus buried under collections of produce, including chili peppers, peanuts, and black beans. “We have, for the first time ever, an archaeologically attested-to association between khipus and products that they presumably were being used to account for,” Urton noted. Among these khipuswere several pairs that displayed “linking” or “matching” tendencies. Linked khipus are two or more khipus tied together, “like stapling documents together or putting them in a file,” while matched khipus record similar or identical data, “maybe even like a double-entry bookkeeping system,” Urton suggested.
Further evidence of administrative organization came when excavators found that the floors of the storage areas in Inkawasi were covered with damp mud, into which ropes were pressed to impose a grid structure across the floor. Urton’s colleague, Alejandro Chu, hypothesized that the grid was probably used for counting small items of produce. “You don’t count peanuts, you don’t count beans,” Urton explained. “The squares produced on the grid-like floor surface . . . became the accounting units,” he said.
The question that the discovery of the khipu and these accounting units begin to answer, Urton suggested, is, “How, in one of these ancient states in the pre-electronic era, or pre-automobile era, or pre-any kind of automatic movement or sending messages, do you effect control at a distance?”
Recognizing the role that the Inca troops played in providing much of the muscle for Inca rulers as they consolidated power across the Andes, Urton underscored the key role of the khipukamayuqs in exerting control over subjects by naming, counting, recording, and maintaining information. Furthermore, Urton suggested, the findings at Inkawasi—evidence of accounting units and archaeological circumstances that directly link khipus to the physical remnants that they may have described—provide real data that will assist in creating historical accounts rooted in demographics and statistics instead of only “great-man” narrative accounts.
“Not only do we learn more about administration, but we use it as a gateway into writing history in a new way,” Urton concluded.
The Inca terraced and irrigated this site as an agricultural research station. It sits high up a narrow valley, not far from Cusco, Peru. There was no town here; workers lived in a couple of barracks (in upper right of photo). Each terrace is a "micro-climate" zone, 1 or 2 degrees Fahrenheit different from adjacent terraces. Workers would test species of potatoes and other crops to see which would do best in the various zones, and then ship seeds around the empire.
This 'back door' to Machu Picchu from the west traverses a steep cliff. The stone wall built up from below to allow passage includes a deep notch covered by wooden planks. This served as a drawbridge that could be pulled up by defenders to hinder access by invaders.
Flock of Inca Doves getting fat on my neighbors Rye (winter) grass seeds. This is just a very small part as there had to be a dozen Inca doves in total.
[In 2017, on my 10th visit to Peru and 6th to Cusco and Machu Picchu, I finally found the time and organised the traditional Inca Trail trek. I had also booked to climb Huayna Picchu, a climb that I had previously undertaken and enjoyed in 2007.]
At the end of the narrowing trail, a new gate bars hikers from the rickety plank crossing. In Inca times, the trail continued for miles to barracks that housed Machu Picchu's builders. The construction workers were conscripted from several parts of the Inca empire, some for their particular skills, others for their familiarity with designs suitable to the terrain.