View allAll Photos Tagged Immigrate_to_Canada
Marianne Suda. Born in Vienna Austria in 1928. Immigrated to Canada in 1954. She used to sell her work at 1001 pots in Val-David Quebec and may have been a nun. She was inspired by 1960's danish pottery so even her recent works are often mistaken for vintage pottery. Precise craftsmanship. (Special thanks to Flickr member pascalegirardin for this information)
Ivaan Kotulsky was an artist and photographer, living and working in Toronto, Canada. According to an interview with his widow, Eya Donald Greenland Kotulsky, he was born in a Nazi slave labour camp, during World War II. Kotulsky had a distinguished career as a photographer, producing portraits of high-profile individuals, like Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau. Kotulsky also documented the lives of street people, and that collection of photos has been donated to the City of Toronto archives, which organized a gallery show, to celebrate their acquisition, and subsequently made them available for download.
Kotulsky was born to Maria and Mykyta Kotulsky while his family was interned in a Nazi slave labour camp near Koln, Germany, in the final months of World War II, during an Allied bombing raid. In 1949, after having lived for four years as refugees in a Displaced Persons' camp, his family immigrated to Canada, sponsored by a blacksmith in Smoky Lake, Alberta. By 1951, his family had relocated to Toronto's Cabbagetown, near the Don Valley ravine, which provided a slice of nature in downtown Toronto for Ivaan to explore. Kotulsky would later credit his exposure to the kindly blacksmith as having kindled his own interest in metalworking which found its outlet in jewellery making, at the age of 25.
Kotulsky was said to have been able to see beauty in things people ordinarily overlook, explaining the quality of the intimate images he took of street people. The engagement ring with which he proposed to his wife featured a very large green stone—which was originally a discarded piece of Seven Up bottle. Never in robust health, Ivaan suffered two heart attacks in the early 1990s. In 1995, Kotulsky opened a retail store on Queen Street West. That year, he and Eya Donald Greenland were married. They had first met in 1969; she was 16 and working after school at the Harbord Bakery, which he frequented. In 2000, Kotulsky experienced the first of a series of strokes that eventually led to his paralysis and affected his ability to create new works of art.
In 2005, after his third stroke, when he lacked the strength and dexterity to continue working independently, Eya started to assist him in his studio, often working with his original moulds, using the lost wax casting technique. She told Nicole Baute, writing in the Toronto Star, that she never intended to continue making pieces from those moulds after he died, beyond filling the outstanding orders, but customers continued to request pieces. The Art Gallery of Ontario, which had commissioned Kotulsky in 1979 to create a collection of jewellery and metal art inspired by King Tut, hosted a long-running exhibition of King Tut artefacts in 2009, and requested she produce additional reproductions of his work for display in the AGO Shop. Ivaan's wife, Eya, continues to operate his studio, Atelier Ivaan, to showcase and preserve his artistic legacy.
Baute reported that Kotulsky became the "first Canadian to undergo a pioneering neurosurgical procedure", to close off the damaged artery that had led to his four strokes. She reported that the surgery closed off the artery, but that Kotulsky suffered a fifth stroke during surgery, that left him in a coma from which he never regained consciousness. Ivaan Kotulsky died on December 6, 2008.
Title / Titre :
Lieutenant Bruno Jacob Bobak, 4th Canadian Armoured Division, war artist /
Le lieutenant Bruno Jacob Bobak, de la 4e Division blindée canadienne, artiste de guerre
Description / Descriptions :
Bruno Bobak was only two years old when he left his native Poland and immigrated to Canada. The Bobak family first settled in Saskatchewan, then moved to Ontario. As a young man, Bruno Bobak moved to Toronto and enrolled at the Art Gallery and the Central Technical School. His art studies were interrupted by the war. He enlisted in January 1943, was sent overseas in April 1944, and was appointed an official war artist in October 1944. He painted scenes in England before accompanying the Fourth Canadian Armoured Division in North-West Europe. /
Bruno Bobak n'a que deux ans quand il quitte sa Pologne natale et immigre au Canada. La famille Bobak s'installe d'abord en Saskatchewan, puis déménage en Ontario. Bruno Bobak se rend à Toronto et s'inscrit à la Art Gallery et à la Central Technical School. Ses études en art sont interrompues par la guerre : il s'enrôle en janvier 1943, est envoyé outre-mer en avril 1944 et est nommé artiste de guerre en octobre de la même année. Il peint en Angleterre avant d'accompagner la 4e Division blindée canadienne dans le nord-ouest de l'Europe.
Creator(s) / Créateur(s) : Barney J. Gloster
Date(s) : March 8, 1945 / 8 mars 1945
Reference No. / Numéro de référence : MIKAN 3212772
collectionscanada.gc.ca/ourl/res.php?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&...
Location / Lieu : Germany / Allemande
Credit / Mention de source :
Barney J. Gloster. Canada. Department of National Defence. Library and Archives Canada, PA-113775 /
Barney J. Gloster. Canada. Ministère de la défense nationale. Bibliothèque et Archives Canada, PA-113775
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Chef and owner of L'Epicerie Gourmande. Chef David is originally from Marseilles France and worked in a number of fine-dining, Relais et Chateaux restaurants before immigrating to Canada
Joseph Wagenbach was born in Germany in 1929 and immigrated to Canada in 1962. Since immigrating, he lived as a recluse in his small house on Robinson Street, Toronto, where he created an obsessive production of sculptures and drawings. After a severe stroke in 2006, Wagenbach was considered not well enough to live on his own and was referred to several retirement homes before he was taken into a bachelor apartment on Crawford Street, Toronto. In the summer of 2009 Wagenbach disappeared, his whereabouts unknown to this day.
At the time of the discovery, in 2006, Iris Häussler opened Wagenbach’s home to the public and organized guided tours through the house, offering a glimpse into his life and works, and engaging the public into the assessment of his artistic practice and biography. In 2009, three years after the discovery of Wagenbach’s oeuvre and subsequent life, the Joseph Wagenbach Foundation was established with the mandate to manage and promote Wagenbach’s artistic legacy.
Iris Häussler was born in Germany and trained at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. Häussler’s work has been shown at exhibitions internationally, including a two-year solo project at the Art Gallery of Ontario (Toronto) and participated at the 18thBiennale of Sydney, 2013. Häussler exhibited in the exhibition More Real, Art in the Age of Truthiness, Site Santa Fe (Santa Fe) and Minneapolis Institute of Arts (Minneapolis). Häussler was a stipendiary of the Kunstfonds (Bonn) and won the Karl Hofer Prize 1999 (Berlin). Since her immigration to Canada she has received grants from the Toronto Arts Council, the Ontario Arts Council, and the Canada Council for the Arts.
The Horaceville manor house at Pinhey's Point Historic Site in Dunrobin (Ottawa), Ontario, Canada.
The Honourable Hamnett Kirkes Pinhey (1784-1857) immigrated to Canada from England in 1820 to develop his estate, Horaceville, Pinhey's Point. That same year, 1820, he built the first Pinhey house to which additions were made over the next 28 years.
This property remained in the Pinhey family until 1971 when March Township purchased it. In 1990 the City of Kanata (now part of the City of Ottawa) acquired Pinhey's Point.
I was 7 here, and with my family began a new life in Canada on April 30, 1970.
Can't believe it's already been 38 years (yep, that makes me 45, smarty-pants), and I guess that makes me more Canadian than Dutch, although I still have my Dutch citizenship. (Unless that somehow expired in the meantime which would then make me an alien? Oh but that would explain so much, snort.)
Apparently (or so I was told by a kindly aunt about 10 years ago), I wasn't too thrilled with the idea of leaving my homeland, so I went around (I have no memory of this I swear) asking everyone if they would adopt me. I howled when I heard this, and have to admit I was quite pleased that my younger (and spunkier) self would have done so. What I do remember though is only knowing two words of English upon arrival ("yes" and "no"), being amazed at the amount of space, being annoyed at having to use a pencil in first grade (they were for babies as I was used to ink already!), and hating the smell of the school bus. Still do actually. Of course I adapted in time, and was told by the same aunt (a bit unkindly this time?) that no, I wasn't Dutch at all anymore, and I suppose I'm not. But I still love red-tiled roofs, red brick houses, and my craving for huge windows where you can see right in obviously stems from the house I lived in back then.
Ah memories. Guess I'll have to really commemorate come 2010!
Minister of Citizenship Jason Kenney reappointed Citizenship Judge Wojciech Sniegowski for a three year term as citizenship judge, Judge Sniegowski was First appointed to the position in August 2009 as a Citizenship Judge in Mississauga.
Judge Sniegowski graduated from Jagiellonian University, in Poland, with a Masters degree in Administration, before immigrating to Canada.
Mr. Sniegowski in the past worked as a counsellor at the Polish Immigrant Aid Center in Toronto. He was the assistant producer of Polish programming at OMNI–TV. Mr. Sniegowski has also served as president of the Canada-Poland Chamber of Commerce of Toronto and as a member of the Toronto Police Chief’s Community Advisory Council.
Citizenship judges are responsible for making decisions with regard to Canadian citizenship applications, presiding over citizenship ceremonies and administering the oath of citizenship to new Canadian citizens
Alexander Feodorovitch Zuckerberg was trained as a civil engineer. He taught mathematics in a Russian high school until the Revolution of 1917, then immigrated to Canada in 1921 with his wife, Alicia and son and daughter, Gilbert and Asta. In 1931 he came to Castlegar at the request of Peter Verigin II to teach the Doukhobor children. Shortly afterwards, he settled on the island and began building the Chapel House. He was a Tolstoyan and his lifestyle reflected his admiration for the great Russian writer, humanitarian, and pacifist.
Social Crusader and Newspaper Reporter. Founder of the Toronto Human Society (1887), The Fresh Air Fund (1888), the Santa Claus Fund (1888) and the Children's Aid Society (Canada)(1891). Immigrated to Canada in 1874 from Ireland. Was a reproter with the World and the Globe.
Son of Anna and George Kelso; the family emigrated to Canada when his father's starch manufacturing business was lost in a fire. Graduated from Jarvis Collegiate at age of 21.
Began his journalism career as a printer's apprentice, followed by time as a proofreader at The World. Was promoted to Police Reporter. Eventually joined the Globe as a reporter. Retired in 1934.
In 1887 he established the Humane Society with the aim to protect children and animals. He served as treasurer from 1918 - 1935.
In 1888, he started the Fresh Air Fund, which provided children with excursions to Toronto Island and to lakeside parts. From 1888 - 1893 30,000 children benefited from the program and Britain copied the idea. In 1897 children were given free access to the Canadian National Exhibition as part of the program.
In 1891 he called a meeting to establish the Children's Aid Society. He served as the first president for six months.
In 1893 he gave up his journalism career, and Premier Mowat appointed him the first provincial Superintendant of Neglected and Dependent Children in Ontario. Until his retirement in 1834 he continued to spend his time and energies on the establishment of children's aid societies including co-founding Central Neighbourhood House in 1911.
Kelso died of liver cancer in 1935.
Title / Titre :
Captain William Abernethy Ogilvie at a Canadian War Art Exhibition, London, England /
Le capitaine William Abernethy Ogilvie à une exposition d’œuvres d’artistes de guerre canadiens, à Londres (Angleterre)
Description / Descriptions :
Born in Cape Province, South Africa, William Ogilvie studied in Johannesburg. He immigrated to Canada in 1925 and pursued his studies at the Arts Students League of New York. In 1933, he was one of the founding members of the Canadian Group of Painters. He headed the School of Art at the Art Association of Montreal from 1938 to 1941.
He enlisted in August 1940 and a year later he was assigned to Canadian Military Headquarters in London. As an official war artist, which he was in effect from February 1942 to September 1946, he painted a number of scenes in the United Kingdom, including anti-aircraft defences on the Thames estuary, Forestry Corps camps, and invasion training in Scotland. In Sicily and Italy he followed the units of the First Canadian Infantry Division. In North-West Europe, he depicted the activities of the men of the Fourth Canadian Armoured Division and the airborne operations that were part of the Normandy invasion. /
Né dans la province du Cap, en Afrique du Sud, William Ogilvie étudie à Johannesburg. Il émigre au Canada en 1925 et poursuit ses études à l’Art Students League de New York. En 1933, il est l’un des membres fondateurs du Canadian Group of Painters. Il dirige l’école de l’Art Association of Montreal de 1938 à 1941.
Il s’enrôle en août 1940 et un an plus tard, il est affecté au Quartier général militaire canadien à Londres. Artiste de guerre de février 1942 à septembre 1946, il peint diverses scènes au Royaume-Uni : défenses antiaériennes sur l’estuaire de la Tamise, camps du Corps forestier, séances d’entraînement à l’invasion en Écosse, voilà quelques-uns des sujets dont il traite. En Sicile et en Italie, il suit les unités de la 1ère Division d’infanterie canadienne; dans le nord-ouest de l’Europe, il décrit les activités des hommes de la 4e Division blindée canadienne ainsi que les opérations aéroportées consécutives à l’invasion de la Normandie.
Creator(s) / Créateur(s) : Lieut. Strathy E. Smith
Date(s) : February 9, 1944 / 9 février 1944
Reference No. / Numéro de référence : MIKAN 3219552
collectionscanada.gc.ca/ourl/res.php?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&...
Location / Lieu : London, England / Londres, Angleterre
Credit / Mention de source :
Lieut. Strathy E. Smith. Canada. Department of National Defence. Library and Archives Canada, PA-116589 /
Lieut. Strathy E. Smith. Canada. Ministère de la défense nationale. Bibliothèque et Archives Canada, PA-116589
2017 Recipient
A successful entrepreneur, philanthropist and visionary in the plastics industry, Vic De Zen has made a significant contribution to city-building here in Vaughan and beyond. Shortly after immigrating to Canada in 1962, he started his first business, which introduced the vinyl window industry to the Canadian market. Mr. De Zen has since established multiple businesses and created thousands of jobs.
Based in Toronto, Canada, Mr. Ismail is a Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant (RCIC) and a Member in good standing with the Immigration Consultants of Canada Regulatory Council (ICCRC) He is also a Member of the Canadian Association of Professional Immigration Consultants (CAPIC) and a Fellow of Canadian Migration Institute. As such, being a Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant (RCIC) and Member of ICCRC, Mr. Ismail is recognized by government of Canada as an Authorized Representative who can deal with the Canadian immigration authorities on behalf of clients and can represent, advise or consult the clients regarding their Canadian immigration applications. The Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant (RCIC) certification confirms that the consultant is an authorized representative recognized by the Federal government organizations including the departments of Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC), Human Resources and Social Development Canada (HRSDC), the Immigration Refugee Board, and Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA) as well as Provincial and Territorial Governments. They are required to abide by a Code of Professional Conduct. He works with, and on behalf of, his clients to assist them in successfully completing what can be a complicated process.
Excerpt from a 2005 article by Claude-Jean Harel on the Saskatchewan River Valley Museum in Hague: "In a way, this type of structure is symbolic of another view of the world. It was devised by the Mennonites in seventeenth-century Poland where farmland was more scarce and restricted to small, narrow parcels of land. It was designed specifically to house a farm family, agricultural livestock, and produce in one structure. The unique design of house-barns allowed them to use land to its fullest capacity by containing farm buildings within a limited space. This also contributed to and reinforced the Mennonites' closely-knit communities since the structures were built within very close proximity to one another in communities of 20 to 60 family units. When the Mennonites immigrated to Canada, they retained this unique style of architecture because it allowed them to preserve their agricultural way of life as well as their religious and cultural beliefs. 'The family members went straight from the kitchen to the barn by a shared door,' explains [Gerry] Kuehn. 'Some of these houses had some kind of transition room between the two areas, a bit like we would have a mud room today—one that would lead into the barn and the house at each end'." www.greatexcursions.com/blogs/explore_regina/2005/08/1908...
In a sense, Sikee Liu’s life has come full circle. Born into poverty on a farm in rural China, Liu immigrated to Canada in the 1980s at age seven.
Frederick Horsman Varley (Sheffield, England January 2, 1881 – Toronto, Canada September 8, 1969) was a member of the Canadian Group of Seven. He immigrated to Canada in 1912 on the advice of another Sheffield native (and future Group of Seven member), Arthur Lismer, and found work at the Grip Ltd. design firm in Toronto, Ontario. In 1920, he was a founding member of the Group of Seven. He was the only original member of the Group of Seven to specialize in portraiture, but he also painted landscapes.
Source: Wikipedia
Day Two- After the Citadel we walked down to Pier 21. My step-grandma immigrated to Canada from England after WWII. This was where she arrived. I tried using the research facility to find any records of her arrival but my spotty memory didn't get us far.
Hong Kong 1981
A picture from my first trip there. My father and mother were both from Hong Kong, but immigrated to Canada in 1970 and '73 respectively. I was born in Vancouver.
I had wanted to see the HSBC building as my grandfather had sent me a plastic piggy bank in its shape for X'mas one year. However, as you can see, it had already been demolished by the time I got there to make way for the current Foster building.
Hong Kong... what a great place! I'm back there all the time now... =)
My father's wake was held last Sunday evening in Regina. A sad event but full of entertaining stories about his life.
Here is the notice in the Globe & Mail: BRUCE VERNON LAWSON. Born on November 4, 1933, in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, died of complications arising from melanoma on August 7, 2007, in Regina, Saskatchewan. A graduate of the University of Western Australia, he immigrated to Canada in the early 1960's, where he became a Globe and Mail reporter, theatre critic, and entertainment editor, as well as a television journalist for the CBC. An accomplished writer and documentary filmmaker, he devoted much of his life to the causes of socialism and social justice which lay close to his heart. During the 1968 federal elections, he was press secretary to legendary NDP leader Tommy Douglas. Bruce then moved to Saskatchewan to be a senior advisor to Premier Alan Blakeney. In the mid-seventies, he turned to writing full-time and his hit satirical musical revue, Left Turns, played in cabarets and union halls across Canada. In 1980 he moved back to Perth to be director of the West Australian Arts Council. For his remaining years he lived in Perth, in recent times returning to the prairies for the Canadian summer, and finding great pleasure in exploring the worlds between his two homelands. His former wives are Mary Wood of Cobourg, Ontario, and Pamela Lawson of Perth. His final partner was Lee Anne Schienbein of Regina. He is survived by children Ben and Liza of Toronto, Guy of Woodstock, New York, Hugh of Perth, and brothers Robert and Michael. His grandchildren, whom he loved dearly, are Christopher, Sophia and Olivia, and twins Anna and Lucy. Wakes to celebrate Bruce's life will be held in Regina, and on Cottesloe beach in Perth.
Title / Titre :
Captain Charles Fraser Comfort, war artist /
Le capitaine Charles Fraser Comfort, artiste de guerre
Description / Descriptions :
Charles Comfort was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. At the age of 12, he immigrated to Canada. The family settled in Winnipeg and young Charles became an apprentice artist at Brigden’s Ltd. To perfect his technique, he enrolled in 1916 in the Winnipeg School of Art, and lived in New York from 1922 to 1923, where he frequented the Art Students League. He moved to Toronto in 1925, opened his own studio in 1931, and obtained his first major commissions during the 1930s. It was the beginning of a long, successful career marked by many exhibitions and prestigious appointments.
In 1935, he taught at the Ontario College of Art and served as director of the Department of Mural Painting until 1938, when he accepted a position as a lecturer in the Department of Fine Art at the University of Toronto. He continued to teach at the Ontario College of Art and was invited to give courses at the Banff School of Fine Art. In 1940, he became an associate professor in the Department of Art and Archaeology of the University of Toronto, where he would teach for 20 years.
In 1943, Comfort joined the war effort and enlisted as a war artist. Initially posted to southern England, he accompanied the First Canadian Infantry Division during the Italian campaign. He painted scenes from the bloody battles of Ortona and the Liri Valley. He returned to the United Kingdom in August 1944 and then spent several weeks in North-West Europe in 1945. He was demobilized in 1946. He described his war experience in his work Artist at War, published in 1956. /
Charles Comfort voit le jour à Édimbourg en Écosse. À l'âge de 12 ans, il émigre au Canada. La famille s'installe à Winnipeg et le jeune Charles entre comme apprenti dessinateur chez Brigden's Ltd. Pour perfectionner ses techniques, il s'inscrit en 1916 à la Winnipeg School of Art, puis séjourne à New York de 1922 à 1923 où il fréquente la Art Students League. En 1925, il s'établit à Toronto, ouvre son propre studio en 1931 et obtient ses premières commandes d'envergure dans les années 1930 : c'est le début d'une longue et fructueuse carrière, jalonnée de multiples expositions et de nominations prestigieuses.
En 1935, il enseigne à l'Ontario College of Art, dont il devient le directeur du département de la peinture murale jusqu'en 1938, date à laquelle il accepte un poste de conférencier au département des beaux-arts de l'Université de Toronto. Il continuera d'enseigner à l'Ontario College of Art et sera invité à donner des cours au Banff School of Fine Art. Nommé professeur agrégé au département des arts et d'archéologie de l'Université de Toronto en 1940, il y enseignera pendant vingt ans.
En 1943, Comfort participe à l'effort de guerre et s'enrôle comme artiste de guerre. D'abord posté dans le sud de l'Angleterre, il accompagne la 1ère Division d'infanterie canadienne durant la campagne d'Italie. Il consignera sur toile les sanglantes batailles d'Ortona et de la vallée du Liri. Il retourne au Royaume-Uni en août 1944, puis sera envoyé pendant quelques semaines dans le nord-ouest de l'Europe en 1945. Il est démobilisé en 1946. Il décrivit son expérience de la guerre dans son ouvrage Artists at War, publié en 1956.
Creator(s) / Créateur(s) : C. E. Nye
Date(s) : March 1944 / mars 1944
Reference No. / Numéro de référence : MIKAN 3214156
collectionscanada.gc.ca/ourl/res.php?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&...
Location / Lieu : Ortona, Italy / Ortona, Italie
Credit / Mention de source :
C. E. Nye. Canada. Department of National Defence. Library and Archives Canada, PA-116592/
C. E. Nye. Canada. Ministère de la défense nationale. Bibliothèque et Archives Canada, PA-116592
Tony's great grand father on his mother's side: Ty Gung with Ken and Jan Dong nee Chow.
From Holden: Our great Grandfather Ty Gung (Chow) arrived in Canada approximately 1915 paying the Head Tax a tax that was levied to all immigrants . Tygung paid $500 which was substantial amount to chase the Canadian Dream “Gold Mountain” Post the Canadian railroad rail road completion. Canada proclaimed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1923 prohibiting any further immigration to Canada with the exception of Business immigration 3%. Our grandfather was already born and lived in China where he married our grandmother at the age of 16 years. The plan was always to sponsor our grandfather to Canada which would have resulted us being 2nd or 3rd generation Canadians. By the time the Exclusion Legislation was repealed grandfather and paw paw settled with 10 children. Uncle Henry was sponsored by Ty Gung in 1954 my mom arrived in 1958 as a mailed bride. Tony’s mom chose New Zealand as a mailed bride. Not until 1966 were your mom , Aunty Diane, Peggy and Aunty May arrived in Canada sponsored by Uncle Henry.
This building in Queenston was the home for the Colonial Advocate, a reformer newspaper which was an early enterprise of William Lyon MacKenzie after he immigrated to Canada from Scotland
Mackenzie is a famous and controversial figure in Upper Canada prior to the establishment of present day Canada. He was often elected to various levels of government and almost as often, thrown out of office by the upper class powers who ran the colony. At one point he became Toronto’s first mayor.
My procedure for processing HDR images in a realistic way is outline as follows:
This monument is in Regina’s Wascana Park, near Wascana Lake.
The sign associated with the statue says:
“Bitter Memories of Childhood
This monument commemorates the millions of victims of the enforced starvation during the Holodomor Famine Genocide in the Ukraine 1932 - 1933. Many survivors Immigrated to Canada and settled when they could live in peace and freedom.”
She was quite proud of the fact she was the third female to obtain a driver's license in post-war Hong Kong. I, on the other, hand was more deathly afraid of her driving skills in Vancouver after she immigrated to Canada in 1988. ca. 1950.
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Social Crusader and Newspaper Reporter. Founder of the Toronto Human Society (1887), The Fresh Air Fund (1888), the Santa Claus Fund (1888) and the Children's Aid Society (Canada)(1891). Immigrated to Canada in 1874 from Ireland. Was a reproter with the World and the Globe.
Son of Anna and George Kelso; the family emigrated to Canada when his father's starch manufacturing business was lost in a fire. Graduated from Jarvis Collegiate at age of 21.
Began his journalism career as a printer's apprentice, followed by time as a proofreader at The World. Was promoted to Police Reporter. Eventually joined the Globe as a reporter. Retired in 1934.
In 1887 he established the Humane Society with the aim to protect children and animals. He served as treasurer from 1918 - 1935.
In 1888, he started the Fresh Air Fund, which provided children with excursions to Toronto Island and to lakeside parts. From 1888 - 1893 30,000 children benefited from the program and Britain copied the idea. In 1897 children were given free access to the Canadian National Exhibition as part of the program.
In 1891 he called a meeting to establish the Children's Aid Society. He served as the first president for six months.
In 1893 he gave up his journalism career, and Premier Mowat appointed him the first provincial Superintendant of Neglected and Dependent Children in Ontario. Until his retirement in 1834 he continued to spend his time and energies on the establishment of children's aid societies including co-founding Central Neighbourhood House in 1911.
Kelso died of liver cancer in 1935.
Marianne Suda. Born in Vienna Austria in 1928. Immigrated to Canada in 1954. She used to sell her work at 1001 pots in Val-David Quebec and may have been a nun. She was inspired by 1960's danish pottery so even her recent works are often mistaken for vintage pottery. Precise craftsmanship. (Special thanks to Flickr member pascalegirardin for this information)
Angels Unawares is a bronze sculpture by Timothy Schmalz installed in St. Peter's Square in the Vatican since September 29, 2019, the 105th World Migrant and Refugee Day.
This statue was inaugurated by Pope Francis in 2019 for the 105th World Day of Migrants and Refugees. At its inauguration Pope Francis said he wanted the sculpture "to remind everyone of the evangelical challenge of hospitality".
The six-meter-long sculpture depicts a group of migrants and refugees on a boat wearing clothes that show they originate from diverse cultures and historical moments. For example, there are a Jew fleeing Nazi Germany, a Syrian departing the Syrian civil war, and a Pole escaping the communist regime. The sculptor of the work said that he "wanted to show the different moods and emotions involved in a migrant's journey". Previously, the artist had already made sculptures of a similar theme as Homeless Jesus. The work includes angel wings, through which the author suggests that a migrant is secretly an angel in our midst. The artist's inspiration was Hebrews 13:2: "Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for thereby some have entertained angels unawares".
It was the first time in 400 years, i.e. since Bernini, that a new sculpture was installed in St Peter's Square.
The idea for the sculpture originated with Cardinal Michael Czerny, a fellow Canadian and undersecretary of the Migrants and Refugees Section, who commissioned it in 2016. Among the people represented on the ship are the Cardinal's parents, who immigrated to Canada from Czechoslovakia. The sculpture was funded by a family of migrants from northern Italy, the Rudolph P. Bratty Family. On September 29, 2019, Pope Francis and four refugees from various parts of the world inaugurated the sculpture. A smaller reproduction, about a meter and a half high, will be permanently installed in the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome.
A replica of the sculpture has been displayed in Boston College, United States since 15 November 2020. A life-size replica was shown in Miami in February 2021 until 8 April 2021. Archbishop of Miami Thomas Wenski stated about the statue: "This is a representation of the human family and the story of migration and certainly, that’s the story of Miami. Miami is the Ellis Island of the South, and this, I think, represents that very well." He then blessed the replica, commenting: "May all who gaze upon it be filled with compassion for the stranger among us and eager to extend a hand of friendship."
In April 2021, a replica was put in front of Notre Dame Seminary in New Orleans. After a national tour, this sculpture will be installed on the campus of the Catholic University in Washington, DC in fall of 2021.
On November 3, 2022, a replica was unveiled at Saint Joseph's Oratory—located in the multicultural borough of Cote-des-Neiges also known as the Neighbourhood of Nations, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada—in the presence of the artist Timothy Schmalz and Oratory rector Father Michael DeLaney, CSC. “Hosting the sculpture is a continuation of the mission of the founder of Saint Joseph’s Oratory of Mount Royal, Saint Brother André, CSC. An international crossroads, the Oratory is a significant place of welcome for many people upon their arrival in this country.”
Saint Peter's Square is a large plaza located directly in front of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, the papal enclave in Rome, directly west of the neighborhood (rione) of Borgo. Both the square and the basilica are named after Saint Peter, an apostle of Jesus whom Catholics consider to be the first Pope.
At the centre of the square is the Vatican obelisk, an ancient Egyptian obelisk erected at the current site in 1586. Gian Lorenzo Bernini designed the square almost 100 years later, including the massive Doric colonnades, four columns deep, which embrace visitors in "the maternal arms of Mother Church". A granite fountain constructed by Bernini in 1675 matches another fountain designed by Carlo Maderno in 1613.
The open space which lies before the basilica was redesigned by Gian Lorenzo Bernini from 1656 to 1667, under the direction of Pope Alexander VII, as an appropriate forecourt, designed "so that the greatest number of people could see the Pope give his blessing, either from the middle of the façade of the church or from a window in the Vatican Palace" Bernini had been working on the interior of St. Peter's for decades; now he gave order to the space with his renowned colonnades, using a simplified Doric order, to avoid competing with the palace-like façade by Carlo Maderno, but he employed it on an unprecedented colossal scale to suit the space and evoke a sense of awe.
There were many constraints from existing structures (illustration, right). The massed accretions of the Vatican Palace crowded the space to the right of the basilica's façade; the structures needed to be masked without obscuring the papal apartments. The Vatican obelisk marked a centre, and a granite fountain by Maderno stood to one side: Bernini made the fountain appear to be one of the foci of the ovato tondo embraced by his colonnades and eventually matched it on the other side, in 1675, just five years before his death. The trapezoidal shape of the piazza, which creates a heightened perspective for a visitor leaving the basilica and has been praised as a masterstroke of Baroque theater (illustration, below right), is largely a product of site constraints.
According to the Lateran Treaty the area of St. Peter's Square is subject to the authority of Italian police for crowd control even though it is a part of the Vatican state.
The colossal Doric colonnades, four columns deep, frame the trapezoidal entrance to the basilica and the massive elliptical area which precedes it. The ovato tondo's long axis, parallel to the basilica's façade, creates a pause in the sequence of forward movements that is characteristic of a Baroque monumental approach. The colonnades define the piazza. The elliptical center of the piazza, which contrasts with the trapezoidal entrance, encloses the visitor with "the maternal arms of Mother Church" in Bernini's expression. On the south side, the colonnades define and formalize the space, with the Barberini Gardens still rising to a skyline of umbrella pines. On the north side, the colonnade masks an assortment of Vatican structures; the upper stories of the Vatican Palace rise above.
At the center of the ovato tondo stands the Vatican obelisk, an uninscribed Egyptian obelisk of red granite, 25.5 m (84 ft) tall, supported on bronze lions and surmounted by the Chigi arms in bronze, in all 41 m (135 ft) to the cross on its top. The obelisk was originally erected in Heliopolis, Egypt, by an unknown pharaoh.
The Emperor Augustus had the obelisk moved to the Julian Forum of Alexandria, where it stood until AD 37, when Caligula ordered the forum demolished and the obelisk transferred to Rome. He had it placed on the spina which ran along the center of the Circus of Nero. It was moved to its current site in 1586 by the engineer-architect Domenico Fontana under the direction of Pope Sixtus V; the engineering feat of re-erecting its vast weight was memorialized in a suite of engravings. The obelisk is the only obelisk in Rome that has not toppled since antiquity. During the Middle Ages, the gilt ball atop the obelisk was believed to contain the ashes of Julius Caesar. Fontana later removed the ancient metal ball, now in a Roman museum, and found only dust inside; Christopher Hibbert however writes that the ball was found to be solid. Though Bernini had no influence in the erection of the obelisk, he did use it as the centerpiece of his magnificent piazza, and added the Chigi arms to the top in honor of his patron, Alexander VII.
The paving is varied by radiating lines in travertine, to relieve what might otherwise be a sea of setts. In 1817 circular stones were set to mark the tip of the obelisk's shadow at noon as the sun entered each of the signs of the zodiac, making the obelisk a gigantic sundial's gnomon.
St. Peter's Square today can be reached from the Ponte Sant'Angelo along the grand approach of the Via della Conciliazione (in honor of the Lateran Treaty of 1929). The spina (median with buildings which divided the two roads of Borgo Vecchio and Borgo nuovo) which once occupied this grand avenue leading to the square was demolished ceremonially by Benito Mussolini himself on October 23, 1936, and was completely demolished by October 8, 1937. St. Peter's Basilica was now freely visible from the Castel Sant'Angelo. After the spina, almost all the buildings south of the passetto were demolished between 1937 and 1950, obliterating one of the most important medieval and renaissance quarters of the city. Moreover, the demolition of the spina canceled the characteristic Baroque surprise, nowadays maintained only for visitors coming from Borgo Santo Spirito. The Via della Conciliazione was completed in time for the Great Jubilee of 1950.
Vatican City is a landlocked independent country, city-state, microstate, and enclave within Rome, Italy. It became independent from Italy in 1929 with the Lateran Treaty, and it is a distinct territory under "full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction" of the Holy See, itself a sovereign entity under international law, which maintains the city-state's temporal power and governance, diplomatic, and spiritual independence. The Vatican is also a metonym for the Holy See, Pope, and Roman Curia.
With an area of 49 hectares (121 acres) and as of 2023 a population of about 764, it is the smallest state in the world both by area and by population. As governed by the Holy See, Vatican City State is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state ruled by the Pope, who is the bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church. The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergy of various origins. After the Avignon Papacy (1309–1377) the popes have mainly resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City, although at times residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere.
The Holy See dates back to early Christianity and is the principal episcopal see of the Catholic Church, which has approximately 1.329 billion baptised Catholics in the world as of 2018 in the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches. The independent state of Vatican City, on the other hand, came into existence on 11 February 1929 by the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy, which spoke of it as a new creation, not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States (756–1870), which had previously encompassed much of Central Italy.
Vatican City contains religious and cultural sites such as St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, the Vatican Apostolic Library, and the Vatican Museums. They feature some of the world's most famous paintings and sculptures. The unique economy of Vatican City is supported financially by donations from the faithful, by the sale of postage stamps and souvenirs, fees for admission to museums, and sales of publications. Vatican City has no taxes, and items are duty-free.
The Holy See also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the pope in his role as the Bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome, which has ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the worldwide Catholic Church and sovereignty over the city-state known as the Vatican City. As the supreme body of government of the Catholic Church, the Holy See enjoys the status of a sovereign juridical entity under international law.
According to Catholic tradition and historical records, it was founded in the first century by Saints Peter and Paul, and by virtue of the doctrines of Petrine and papal primacy, it is the focal point of full communion for Catholic Christians around the world. The Holy See is headquartered in, operates from, and exercises "exclusive dominion" over the independent Vatican City State enclave in Rome, of which the Pope is sovereign.
The Holy See is administered by the Roman Curia (Latin for "Roman Court"), which is the central government of the Catholic Church. The Roman Curia includes various dicasteries, comparable to ministries and executive departments, with the Cardinal Secretary of State as its chief administrator. Papal elections are carried out by part of the College of Cardinals.
Although the Holy See is often metonymically referred to as the "Vatican", the Vatican City State was distinctively established with the Lateran Treaty of 1929, between the Holy See and Italy, to ensure the temporal, diplomatic, and spiritual independence of the papacy. As such, papal nuncios, who are papal diplomats to states and international organizations, are recognized as representing the Holy See and not the Vatican City State, as prescribed in the Canon law of the Catholic Church. The Holy See is thus viewed as the central government of the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church, in turn, is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world.
The Holy See maintains bilateral diplomatic relations with 183 sovereign states, signs concordats and treaties, and performs multilateral diplomacy with multiple intergovernmental organizations, including the United Nations and its agencies, the Council of Europe, the European Communities, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and the Organization of American States.
According to Catholic tradition, the apostolic see of Diocese of Rome was established in the 1st century by Saint Peter and Saint Paul. The legal status of the Catholic Church and its property was recognised by the Edict of Milan in 313 by Roman emperor Constantine the Great, and it became the state church of the Roman Empire by the Edict of Thessalonica in 380 by Emperor Theodosius I.
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, the temporal legal jurisdisction of the papal primacy was further recognised as promulgated in Canon law. The Holy See was granted territory in Duchy of Rome by the Donation of Sutri in 728 of King Liutprand of the Lombards, and sovereignty by the Donation of Pepin in 756 by King Pepin of the Franks.
The Papal States thus held extensive territory and armed forces in 756–1870. Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as Roman Emperor by translatio imperii in 800. The Pope's temporal power peaked around the time of the papal coronations of the emperors of the Holy Roman Empire from 858, and the Dictatus papae in 1075, which conversely also described Papal deposing power. Several modern states still trace their own sovereignty to recognition in medieval papal bulls.
The sovereignty of the Holy See was retained despite multiple sacks of Rome during the Early Middle Ages. Yet, relations with the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy Roman Empire were at times strained, reaching from the Diploma Ottonianum and Libellus de imperatoria potestate in urbe Roma regarding the "Patrimony of Saint Peter" in the 10th century, to the Investiture Controversy in 1076–1122, and settled again by the Concordat of Worms in 1122. The exiled Avignon Papacy during 1309–1376 also put a strain on the papacy, which however finally returned to Rome. Pope Innocent X was critical of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 as it weakened the authority of the Holy See throughout much of Europe. Following the French Revolution, the Papal States were briefly occupied as the "Roman Republic" from 1798 to 1799 as a sister republic of the First French Empire under Napoleon, before their territory was reestablished.
Notwithstanding, the Holy See was represented in and identified as a "permanent subject of general customary international law vis-à-vis all states" in the Congress of Vienna (1814–1815). The Papal States were recognised under the rule of the Papacy and largely restored to their former extent. Despite the Capture of Rome in 1870 by the Kingdom of Italy and the Roman Question during the Savoyard era (which made the Pope a "prisoner in the Vatican" from 1870 to 1929), its international legal subject was "constituted by the ongoing reciprocity of diplomatic relationships" that not only were maintained but multiplied.
The Lateran Treaty on 11 February 1929 between the Holy See and Italy recognised Vatican City as an independent city-state, along with extraterritorial properties around the region. Since then, Vatican City is distinct from yet under "full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction" of the Holy See (Latin: Sancta Sedes).
The Holy See is one of the last remaining seven absolute monarchies in the world, along with Saudi Arabia, Eswatini, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Brunei and Oman. The Pope governs the Catholic Church through the Roman Curia. The Curia consists of a complex of offices that administer church affairs at the highest level, including the Secretariat of State, nine Congregations, three Tribunals, eleven Pontifical Councils, and seven Pontifical Commissions. The Secretariat of State, under the Cardinal Secretary of State, directs and coordinates the Curia. The incumbent, Cardinal Pietro Parolin, is the See's equivalent of a prime minister. Archbishop Paul Gallagher, Secretary of the Section for Relations with States of the Secretariat of State, acts as the Holy See's minister of foreign affairs. Parolin was named in his role by Pope Francis on 31 August 2013.
The Secretariat of State is the only body of the Curia that is situated within Vatican City. The others are in buildings in different parts of Rome that have extraterritorial rights similar to those of embassies.
Among the most active of the major Curial institutions are the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, which oversees the Catholic Church's doctrine; the Congregation for Bishops, which coordinates the appointment of bishops worldwide; the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, which oversees all missionary activities; and the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, which deals with international peace and social issues.
Three tribunals exercise judicial power. The Roman Rota handles normal judicial appeals, the most numerous being those that concern alleged nullity of marriage. The Apostolic Signatura is the supreme appellate and administrative court concerning decisions even of the Roman Rota and administrative decisions of ecclesiastical superiors (bishops and superiors of religious institutes), such as closing a parish or removing someone from office. It also oversees the work of other ecclesiastical tribunals at all levels. The Apostolic Penitentiary deals not with external judgments or decrees, but with matters of conscience, granting absolutions from censures, dispensations, commutations, validations, condonations, and other favors; it also grants indulgences.
The Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See coordinates the finances of the Holy See departments and supervises the administration of all offices, whatever be their degree of autonomy, that manage these finances. The most important of these is the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See.
The Prefecture of the Papal Household is responsible for the organization of the papal household, audiences, and ceremonies (apart from the strictly liturgical part).
One of Pope Francis's goals is to reorganize the Curia to prioritize its role in the church's mission to evangelize. This reform insists that the Curia is not meant to be a centralized bureaucracy, but rather a service for the Pope and diocesan bishops that is in communication with local bishops' conferences. Likewise more lay people are to be involved in the workings of the dicasteries and in giving them input.
The Holy See does not dissolve upon a pope's death or resignation. It instead operates under a different set of laws sede vacante. During this interregnum, the heads of the dicasteries of the Curia (such as the prefects of congregations) cease immediately to hold office, the only exceptions being the Major Penitentiary, who continues his important role regarding absolutions and dispensations, and the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church, who administers the temporalities (i.e., properties and finances) of the See of St. Peter during this period. The government of the See, and therefore of the Catholic Church, then falls to the College of Cardinals. Canon law prohibits the College and the Camerlengo from introducing any innovations or novelties in the government of the church during this period.
In 2001, the Holy See had a revenue of 422.098 billion Italian lire (about US$202 million at the time), and a net income of 17.720 billion Italian lire (about US$8 million). According to an article by David Leigh in the Guardian newspaper, a 2012 report from the Council of Europe identified the value of a section of the Vatican's property assets as an amount in excess of €680m (£570m); as of January 2013, Paolo Mennini, a papal official in Rome, manages this portion of the Holy See's assets—consisting of British investments, other European holdings and a currency trading arm. The Guardian newspaper described Mennini and his role in the following manner: "... Paolo Mennini, who is in effect the Pope's merchant banker. Mennini heads a special unit inside the Vatican called the extraordinary division of APSA – Amministrazione del Patrimonio della Sede Apostolica – which handles the 'patrimony of the Holy See'."
The orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See are conferred by the Pope as temporal sovereign and fons honorum of the Holy See, similar to the orders awarded by other heads of state.
The Holy See has been recognized, both in state practice and in the writing of modern legal scholars, as a subject of public international law, with rights and duties analogous to those of States. Although the Holy See, as distinct from the Vatican City State, does not fulfill the long-established criteria in international law of statehood—having a permanent population, a defined territory, a stable government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states—its possession of full legal personality in international law is shown by the fact that it maintains diplomatic relations with 180 states, that it is a member-state in various intergovernmental international organizations, and that it is: "respected by the international community of sovereign States and treated as a subject of international law having the capacity to engage in diplomatic relations and to enter into binding agreements with one, several, or many states under international law that are largely geared to establish and preserving peace in the world."
Since medieval times the episcopal see of Rome has been recognized as a sovereign entity. The Holy See (not the State of Vatican City) maintains formal diplomatic relations with and for the most recent establishment of diplomatic relations with 183 sovereign states, and also with the European Union, and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, as well as having relations of a special character with the Palestine Liberation Organization; 69 of the diplomatic missions accredited to the Holy See are situated in Rome. The Holy See maintains 180 permanent diplomatic missions abroad, of which 74 are non-residential, so that many of its 106 concrete missions are accredited to two or more countries or international organizations. The diplomatic activities of the Holy See are directed by the Secretariat of State (headed by the Cardinal Secretary of State), through the Section for Relations with States. There are 12 internationally recognized states with which the Holy See does not have relations. The Holy See is the only European subject of international law that has diplomatic relations with the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan) as representing China, rather than the government of the People's Republic of China (see Holy See–Taiwan relations).
The British Foreign and Commonwealth Office speaks of Vatican City as the "capital" of the Holy See, although it compares the legal personality of the Holy See to that of the Crown in Christian monarchies and declares that the Holy See and the state of Vatican City are two international identities. It also distinguishes between the employees of the Holy See (2,750 working in the Roman Curia with another 333 working in the Holy See's diplomatic missions abroad) and the 1,909 employees of the Vatican City State. The British Ambassador to the Holy See uses more precise language, saying that the Holy See "is not the same as the Vatican City State. ... (It) is the universal government of the Catholic Church and operates from the Vatican City State." This agrees exactly with the expression used by the website of the United States Department of State, in giving information on both the Holy See and the Vatican City State: it too says that the Holy See "operates from the Vatican City State".
The Holy See is a member of various international organizations and groups including the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International Telecommunication Union, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The Holy See is also a permanent observer in various international organizations, including the United Nations General Assembly, the Council of Europe, UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
Relationship with Vatican City and other territories.
The Holy See participates as an observer to African Union, Arab League, Council of Europe, the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), Organization of American States, International Organization for Migration and in the United Nations and its agencies FAO, ILO, UNCTAD, UNEP, UNESCO, UN-HABITAT, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, WFP, WHO, WIPO. and as a full member in IAEA, OPCW, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).
Although the Holy See is closely associated with Vatican City, the independent territory over which the Holy See is sovereign, the two entities are separate and distinct. After the Italian seizure of the Papal States in 1870, the Holy See had no territorial sovereignty. In spite of some uncertainty among jurists as to whether it could continue to act as an independent personality in international matters, the Holy See continued in fact to exercise the right to send and receive diplomatic representatives, maintaining relations with states that included the major powers Russia, Prussia, and Austria-Hungary. Where, in accordance with the decision of the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the Nuncio was not only a member of the Diplomatic Corps but its dean, this arrangement continued to be accepted by the other ambassadors. In the course of the 59 years during which the Holy See held no territorial sovereignty, the number of states that had diplomatic relations with it, which had been reduced to 16, actually increased to 29.
The State of the Vatican City was created by the Lateran Treaty in 1929 to "ensure the absolute and visible independence of the Holy See" and "to guarantee to it indisputable sovereignty in international affairs." Archbishop Jean-Louis Tauran, the Holy See's former Secretary for Relations with States, said that Vatican City is a "minuscule support-state that guarantees the spiritual freedom of the Pope with the minimum territory".
The Holy See, not Vatican City, maintains diplomatic relations with states. Foreign embassies are accredited to the Holy See, not to Vatican City, and it is the Holy See that establishes treaties and concordats with other sovereign entities. When necessary, the Holy See will enter a treaty on behalf of Vatican City.
Under the terms of the Lateran Treaty, the Holy See has extraterritorial authority over various sites in Rome and two Italian sites outside of Rome, including the Pontifical Palace at Castel Gandolfo. The same authority is extended under international law over the Apostolic Nunciature of the Holy See in a foreign country.
Though, like various European powers, earlier popes recruited Swiss mercenaries as part of an army, the Pontifical Swiss Guard was founded by Pope Julius II on 22 January 1506 as the personal bodyguards of the Pope and continues to fulfill that function. It is listed in the Annuario Pontificio under "Holy See", not under "State of Vatican City". At the end of 2005, the Guard had 134 members. Recruitment is arranged by a special agreement between the Holy See and Switzerland. All recruits must be Catholic, unmarried males with Swiss citizenship who have completed basic training with the Swiss Armed Forces with certificates of good conduct, be between the ages of 19 and 30, and be at least 175 cm (5 ft 9 in) in height. Members are armed with small arms and the traditional halberd (also called the Swiss voulge), and trained in bodyguarding tactics.
The police force within Vatican City, known as the Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City, belongs to the city state, not to the Holy See.
The Holy See signed the UN treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, a binding agreement for negotiations for the total elimination of nuclear weapons.
The main difference between the two coats of arms is that the arms of the Holy See have the gold key in bend and the silver key in bend sinister (as in the sede vacante coat of arms and in the external ornaments of the papal coats of arms of individual popes), while the reversed arrangement of the keys was chosen for the arms of the newly founded Vatican City State in 1929.
Plaque text:
Known as "Lordly" by his followers, Peter Verigin developed a theory of Christian communalsim consistent with core Doukhobor teachings and practices that played a key role in the community's history. In Russia he formed what would become the Christian Community of universal Brotherhood and, with the support of Leo Tolstoy orchestrated Doukhobor immigration to Canada in 1898-99.
He built communal villages on the Prairies and later
organized the mass migration of his followers to British Columbia. Verigin worked for both their economic and spiritual success until his violent and unsolved death in 1924
Marianne Suda. Born in Vienna Austria in 1928. Immigrated to Canada in 1954. She used to sell her work at 1001 pots in Val-David Quebec and may have been a nun. She was inspired by 1960's danish pottery so even her recent works are often mistaken for vintage pottery. Precise craftsmanship. (Special thanks to Flickr member pascalegirardin for this information)
Montreal’s Portuguese community is celebrating two big milestones this year: a decade of the “Festival Portugal International de Montreal” and the 70th anniversary of Portuguese immigration to Canada.
Leica M3 Ds
Voigtlander 21mm f4
Kodak Ektachrome 100 ( 11/2006 ) long expired.
Grandmaster Mo Chow( father to Sifu Ian Chow) is one of the first persons to practice gung fu in Canada,immigrating to Canada in the 60's Grand Master Mo Chow is a founding member of the Hong Luck Kung Fu Club(Toronto's Spadina Chinatown) He is known for his intense, strong,fearless presentation and influence in the martial arts world opening the door for non-chinese to practise and compete with Chinese Gung Fu.In the early 70's Grand Master Mo Chow established his own Gung Fu Club and is one of the first Gung Fu stylists to actively paticipate and compete in the Open Karate Martial Arts Championships,capturing many 1st places finishes in Kata,Weapons and Sparring divisions.He is known as the North American Gung Fu Champion 1974,1975 ,1976 and was the winner of the Kata Grand Championship in Sudbury Ontario 1975.Along with operating his company of 40 years Abso Lock Inc, Grand Master Chow is also a pioneer in Toronto's Martial Arts film business,he appeared in many of his student Jalal Merhi 's films including Fearless Tiger,Tiger Claw's ,Talons of the Eagle,TC 2000 etc,he was also an intregral part of the Kung Fu :The Legend Contiues Series filmed in Toronto and many other productions filmed in Toronto's Chinatown.
www.imdb.com/name/nm0159489/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1
www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.268531353183978.57861.1...
Montreal’s Portuguese community is celebrating two big milestones this year: a decade of the “Festival Portugal International de Montreal” and the 70th anniversary of Portuguese immigration to Canada.
Leica M3 Ds
Voigtlander 21mm f4
Kodak Ektachrome 100 ( 11/2006 ) long expired.
Fernando owns the Albion with his partner, Don. He grew up in Andalucia and Seville in Spain before immigrating to Canada. He is a trained ceramic artist and the house is full of his works, like this one along the wall of the staircase to the lower level.
Grandmaster Mo Chow( father to Sifu Ian Chow) is one of the first persons to practice gung fu in Canada,immigrating to Canada in the 60's Grand Master Mo Chow is a founding member of the Hong Luck Kung Fu Club(Toronto's Spadina Chinatown) He is known for his intense, strong,fearless presentation and influence in the martial arts world opening the door for non-chinese to practise and compete with Chinese Gung Fu.In the early 70's Grand Master Mo Chow established his own Gung Fu Club and is one of the first Gung Fu stylists to actively paticipate and compete in the Open Karate Martial Arts Championships,capturing many 1st places finishes in Kata,Weapons and Sparring divisions.He is known as the North American Gung Fu Champion 1974,1975 ,1976 and was the winner of the Kata Grand Championship in Sudbury Ontario 1975.Along with operating his company of 40 years Abso Lock Inc, Grand Master Chow is also a pioneer in Toronto's Martial Arts film business,he appeared in many of his student Jalal Merhi 's films including Fearless Tiger,Tiger Claw's ,Talons of the Eagle,TC 2000 etc,he was also an intregral part of the Kung Fu :The Legend Contiues Series filmed in Toronto and many other productions filmed in Toronto's Chinatown.
www.imdb.com/name/nm0159489/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1
www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.268531353183978.57861.1...
Grandmaster Mo Chow( father to Sifu Ian Chow) is one of the first persons to practice gung fu in Canada,immigrating to Canada in the 60's Grand Master Mo Chow is a founding member of the Hong Luck Kung Fu Club(Toronto's Spadina Chinatown) He is known for his intense, strong,fearless presentation and influence in the martial arts world opening the door for non-chinese to practise and compete with Chinese Gung Fu.In the early 70's Grand Master Mo Chow established his own Gung Fu Club and is one of the first Gung Fu stylists to actively paticipate and compete in the Open Karate Martial Arts Championships,capturing many 1st places finishes in Kata,Weapons and Sparring divisions.He is known as the North American Gung Fu Champion 1974,1975 ,1976 and was the winner of the Kata Grand Championship in Sudbury Ontario 1975.Along with operating his company of 40 years Abso Lock Inc, Grand Master Chow is also a pioneer in Toronto's Martial Arts film business,he appeared in many of his student Jalal Merhi 's films including Fearless Tiger,Tiger Claw's ,Talons of the Eagle,TC 2000 etc,he was also an intregral part of the Kung Fu :The Legend Contiues Series filmed in Toronto and many other productions filmed in Toronto's Chinatown.
www.imdb.com/name/nm0159489/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1
www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.268531353183978.57861.1...
Marianne Suda. Born in Vienna Austria in 1928. Immigrated to Canada in 1954. She used to sell her work at 1001 pots in Val-David Quebec and may have been a nun. She was inspired by 1960's danish pottery so even her recent works are often mistaken for vintage pottery. Precise craftsmanship. (Special thanks to Flickr member pascalegirardin for this information)
Here is a little story about this painting that meen the world to me.
To start off my father side of the familly is german. My dad always told me that my grand-father was born on that street. The iron work that you see, with the preztel. Well I was told that my grand-father boss started that and when he past away, my grand-father finish it.
This area always meen alot to my grand-mother and when she immigrated to Canada. She asked a painter to paint this same one and my parents as that painting and it was done in 1955. So for me i was always admire that painting and when i started my painting class i decided to re-do it from a picture that my Dad hade of the history of the town. So that painting as you see it is finish and i even putt a year on it just to make sure and I finish it in 1998. That painting is hang over my bed. :)))
The size of my painting is 24x18 and the medium is oil. Took me about 1 year to finish in my painting class.
Tombstone of Stalin Antonious Seti Boctor (January 31, 1943 - September 4, 2011), a faculty member of Ryerson University for 38 years. Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto, Canada. Winter morning, 2022. Pentax K1 II.
___________________________________
Obituary from The Globe and Mail, September 8, 2011, page 55:
STALIN (SETI) ANTONIOUS BOCTOR
B.A.SC. M.A.SC. PH.D.
(ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING)
DEAN EMERITUS,
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING,
ARCHITECTURE AND SCIENCE,
RYERSON UNIVERSITY
JANUARY 31, 1943 - SEPTEMBER 4, 2011
Surrounded by his family at home, Stal passed away on Sunday, September 4th, 2011. Beloved husband of Karen, cherished father of Sylvia (Kevin), David, and Jennifer, grandfather to Ryan and Brendan, and beloved brother of Saba and Beatrice. His passing is a tremendous loss to his family and friends. Stal was a quiet, gentle and generous man and extremely caring and modest. He was a great intellect and had a passion for reading and playing bridge. His spirit will continue on and his legacy of love, devotion, and excellence will be forever lasting amongst his family, friends, colleagues and students. A graduate from the University of Cairo, Stal immigrated to Canada to complete his masters and PhD in electrical engineering (Semiconductor Devices) at the University of Waterloo. At Bell-Northern Research as an engineer and supervisor, his work was patented in the development of fibre optic communication systems. He was an academic leader and faculty member at Ryerson University in Toronto for more than thirty-eight loyal years. Stal's deep commitment was instrumental in the accreditation and transformation of the Faculty of Engineering to the highest standards in Canada. He was also instrumental in growing the international reputation of the Faculty and Ryerson as a whole through innovative new international programs with a number of Asian and European universities. He was a member of the accreditation teams for the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board and served as Chair of the Council of Ontario Deans of Engineering. In addition to serving on a wide range of committees and task forces, he also authored or co-authored three textbooks in the field of Electrical Engineering. Funeral service will be held in the chapel of the Visitation Centre on Saturday, September 10th at 11 a.m. at Mount Pleasant Cemetery, 375 Mount Pleasant Road (east gate entrance), Toronto, Ontario, M4T 2V8, 416-485-5572. Burial will follow at the same location.
Both born in Russia. Maria in Hierschau, Molotschna, South Russia. Immigrated to Canada in 1874/75. They were married 30 March 1884 in Rural Municipality of Hanover, Manitoba, Canada. David lived in the U.S. for 35 years, in Winton 25 years. He was a mail carrier in Canada.
Grandmaster Mo Chow( father to Sifu Ian Chow) is one of the first persons to practice gung fu in Canada,immigrating to Canada in the 60's Grand Master Mo Chow is a founding member of the Hong Luck Kung Fu Club(Toronto's Spadina Chinatown) He is known for his intense, strong,fearless presentation and influence in the martial arts world opening the door for non-chinese to practise and compete with Chinese Gung Fu.In the early 70's Grand Master Mo Chow established his own Gung Fu Club and is one of the first Gung Fu stylists to actively paticipate and compete in the Open Karate Martial Arts Championships,capturing many 1st places finishes in Kata,Weapons and Sparring divisions.He is known as the North American Gung Fu Champion 1974,1975 ,1976 and was the winner of the Kata Grand Championship in Sudbury Ontario 1975.Along with operating his company of 40 years Abso Lock Inc, Grand Master Chow is also a pioneer in Toronto's Martial Arts film business,he appeared in many of his student Jalal Merhi 's films including Fearless Tiger,Tiger Claw's ,Talons of the Eagle,TC 2000 etc,he was also an intregral part of the Kung Fu :The Legend Contiues Series filmed in Toronto and many other productions filmed in Toronto's Chinatown.
www.imdb.com/name/nm0159489/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1
www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.268531353183978.57861.1...
Grandmaster Mo Chow( father to Sifu Ian Chow) is one of the first persons to practice gung fu in Canada,immigrating to Canada in the 60's Grand Master Mo Chow is a founding member of the Hong Luck Kung Fu Club(Toronto's Spadina Chinatown) He is known for his intense, strong,fearless presentation and influence in the martial arts world opening the door for non-chinese to practise and compete with Chinese Gung Fu.In the early 70's Grand Master Mo Chow established his own Gung Fu Club and is one of the first Gung Fu stylists to actively paticipate and compete in the Open Karate Martial Arts Championships,capturing many 1st places finishes in Kata,Weapons and Sparring divisions.He is known as the North American Gung Fu Champion 1974,1975 ,1976 and was the winner of the Kata Grand Championship in Sudbury Ontario 1975.Along with operating his company of 40 years Abso Lock Inc, Grand Master Chow is also a pioneer in Toronto's Martial Arts film business,he appeared in many of his student Jalal Merhi 's films including Fearless Tiger,Tiger Claw's ,Talons of the Eagle,TC 2000 etc,he was also an intregral part of the Kung Fu :The Legend Contiues Series filmed in Toronto and many other productions filmed in Toronto's Chinatown.
www.imdb.com/name/nm0159489/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1
www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.268531353183978.57861.1...
Grandmaster Mo Chow( father to Sifu Ian Chow) is one of the first persons to practice gung fu in Canada,immigrating to Canada in the 60's Grand Master Mo Chow is a founding member of the Hong Luck Kung Fu Club(Toronto's Spadina Chinatown) He is known for his intense, strong,fearless presentation and influence in the martial arts world opening the door for non-chinese to practise and compete with Chinese Gung Fu.In the early 70's Grand Master Mo Chow established his own Gung Fu Club and is one of the first Gung Fu stylists to actively paticipate and compete in the Open Karate Martial Arts Championships,capturing many 1st places finishes in Kata,Weapons and Sparring divisions.He is known as the North American Gung Fu Champion 1974,1975 ,1976 and was the winner of the Kata Grand Championship in Sudbury Ontario 1975.Along with operating his company of 40 years Abso Lock Inc, Grand Master Chow is also a pioneer in Toronto's Martial Arts film business,he appeared in many of his student Jalal Merhi 's films including Fearless Tiger,Tiger Claw's ,Talons of the Eagle,TC 2000 etc,he was also an intregral part of the Kung Fu :The Legend Contiues Series filmed in Toronto and many other productions filmed in Toronto's Chinatown.
www.imdb.com/name/nm0159489/?ref_=fn_al_nm_1
www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.268531353183978.57861.1...
Canadian Art
National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa
Frederick Horsman Varley (January 2, 1881 – September 8, 1969) was a member of the Canadian Group of Seven.
Varley was born in Sheffield, England, in 1881. He studied art in Sheffield and attended the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Antwerp (1900-1902), Belgium, while he worked on the docks. He immigrated to Canada in 1912 on the advice of another Sheffield native (and future Group of Seven member), Arthur Lismer, and found work at the Grip Ltd. design firm in Toronto, Ontario.