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Teplárna v Ostravě - Svinově, záběr z lávky přes řeku Odru v Hošťálkovicích
Heating plant in Ostrava - Svinov, photo from the footbridge over the Odra River in Hošťálkovice
Christina Aguilera & Rick Martin - Nobody Wants To Be Lonely
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© 2010 Dunja All rights reserved
The district heating pipes continue through the right part of the Berlin diorama. Of course, the graffiti gangs didn't spare out that area.
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© The photo is the exclusive property of their author. The total or partial reproduction of it is strictly forbidden, even quoting the source, without permission of the author.© La foto es propiedad exclusiva de su autor. Queda totalmente prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de la misma, incluso citando la fuente, sin la autorización del autor.
Yep, underfloor heating is nothing new, the romans were doing it 2000 years ago!Here you see the columns that supported the floor, there would have been hot water from the hot spring running through here heating the supported floor above the columns
CN M-420 3501 (MLW 5-1973 #M6071-02) poses at the Sydney Shop in the dying days of CN service to Cape Breton in early September 1993.
In May 1973, 2501 entered service as the world's first locomotive equipped with a Comfort Cab. CN worked with both Canadian locomotive builders beginning in the late 1960s to provide increased crash protection for crews as well as electric heating, improved insulation, armchair seats, a refrigerator and hotplate. After 1973, all newly built road units for CN would include a Comfort Cab. (See CNR Diesel Locomotives Vol 2, CNRHA 2014, for a detailed history of the Comfort Cab.) The MR-20a units also featured a freshly designed Zero Weight Transfer (ZWT-2) truck to reduce wheel slip. Finally, the order for thirty M-420s introduced the diagonal stripes to CN road switchers.
CN displayed 2501 for employees at Central Station in Montreal, while I photographed the 2502 on display in Sydney while on my first honeymoon in early June 1973. Beginning in October 1986, CN began a 15-month program in Moncton to lighten the 2500 series units by restricting fuel and sand capacity. Upon returning to service, CN added 1000 added to their number, reflecting their assignment to secondary duties common to the dwindling number of ageing RS-18s. The unit was retired on Tuesday, November 25, 1997, and sold in 1998 by CN subsidiary CANAC to the St. Lawrence and Atlantic in Maine. It operated as their 3501 until the Hudson Bay Railway purchased it on Sunday, April 18, 2004. The Keewatin Railway running between Flin Flon and Lynn Lake, Manitoba purchased it in 2007 and assigned it the number 2400. It continues to operate, having borne the number 2402 since 2008.
In early October 1993, CN sold their trackage east of Truro. Railtex was the initial owner as the Cape Breton & Central Nova Scotia Railway. Their choice of ex-CN R18s and, particularly, C-630Ms as motive power introduced a golden era between 1993 and 1997 that attracted railfans from around the globe. In late 2001, Sysco, a provincially owned steel mill closed in Sydney as did nearby coal mines owned by Devco, a federal Crown Corporation. The closures hugely impacted traffic on the CB&CNS. By Tuesday, December 30, 2014, Railtex successor Genesee & Wyoming closed operation of the Sydney Sub east of Tupper near Port Hawkesbury on Cape Breton Island's southern shore. Since the closure, the company has received an ongoing annual subsidy from the Province of Nova Scotia to maintain the track to access a long-planned container port in Sydney.
Para buch!
Pracująca pełną parą elektrociepłownia EC - II w poznańskiej dzielnicy Karolin należy do największych tego typu zakładów w Polsce. Zakład kontynuuje tradycje produkcji energii elektrycznej w Poznaniu od roku 1904, gdy uruchomiono pierwszą elektrownię na Grobli. Dynamiczny rozwój miasta i wzrost zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną zdeterminował władze miejskie i w ten sposób powstała elektrownia "Garbary". W 1965 roku elektrownia Garbary została przebudowana na elektrociepłownię, którą zaczęto oznaczać jako EC - I. W 1968 roku zapadła decyzja o budowie dużej, nowoczesnej elektrociepłowni dla miasta Poznania, czyli dzisiejszej EC - II. Wynikało to z gwałtownego rozwoju miasta i przemysłu, a EC - I była zlokalizowana na bardzo małej powierzchni, stąd jej możliwości rozwoju były znacząco ograniczone. Wraz z wybudowaniem EC - II w 1975 roku dołączono zakład na Garbarach i w ten sposób narodził się Zespół Elektrociepłowni Poznań. Obecnie właścicielem zakładu jest firma Veolia Energia Poznań ZEC SA.
Elektrociepłownia EC - II składa się z 3 bloków energetycznych o łącznej mocy elektrycznej około 270MW i mocy cieplnej wynoszącej około 790 MW. Blok nr 1 typu BC - 50 składa się z dwóch kotłów parowych: jednego opalanego pyłem węglowym typu OP-140 oraz kotła fluidalnego typu BFB (pierwotnie kotła pyłowego, przebudowanego w 2011 roku na kocioł opalany w 100% biomasą) oraz jednego turbozespołu ciepłowniczego typu 13UP65. Kolejne 2 bloki typu BC - 100 i BK - 100 przypada po jednym kotle typu OP-430 i jednej turbinie typu upustowo - ciepłowniczej 13UC100 oraz 13UC105 z członem kondensacyjnym. Jako źródła szczytowe służą dwa kotły wodne olejowe typu PTWM-180. Ostatni z wymienionych bloków jest jednocześnie najmłodszą jednostka produkcyjną, uruchomioną w 1998 roku. Oprócz ciepła sieciowego zakład jest również dostawcą pary technologicznej dla okolicznych przedsiębiorstw.
Elektrociepłownia posiada również najwyższą budowlę w Poznaniu, czyli żelbetowy komin o wysokości 205 metrów. Widoczny z wielu kilometrów jest najwyższym kominem w województwie Wielkopolskim. W ramach konwersji kotła węglowego na biomasowy wzniesiony został nowy, stalowy komin o wysokości 61 metrów, widoczny na prawo od komina żelbetowego.
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The main heat source for Poznań city. Plant was opened in 1975. There are 3 units with 4 steam boilers, 3 turbines and 2 hot water boilers. One of four steam boilers is fueled by biomass. Total power output are 270 electric megawatts and 790 thermal megawatts. The stack is 205 metres tall.
Canon A1 with Canon FD f1.2/55mm., Kodak Ektar 100
I really love this lens, even wide open still is sharp.
In steam days trains were heated directly from the locomotive's boiler. In a perfect world the replacement of steam locomotives would have been exactly co-ordinated with the replacement of steam-heated rolling-stock. In the imperfectly organised affairs of British Railways early diesels had to be equipped with boilers for heating their trains. As new electrically-heated rolling stock was gradually introduced, train-locomotive compatability must have been a big headache for the operating authorities ...in winter at any rate.
I seem to remember that when the TOPS system was introduced, Brush Type 4 locomotives were renumbered in blocks according to whether they had steam, electric or dual equipment. I am rusty on all this stuff, but I also seem to recall that as the need for steam-equipped locomotives diminished they were re-equipped, which entailed a further renumbering. I disliked all this tinkering around with the original numbers, which had been allocated as the locomotives had entered traffic and therefore represented build-sequence.
With steam leaking from its couplings and the boiler apparently blowing off surplus pressure, there is no doubting that 47 031 is equipped for steam-heating. It was photographed waiting to leave Bristol Temple Meads with the 1114 train to Cardiff on Friday 21st February 1975.
Mellisa Pemberton and Skip Stewart flying Eos and Prometheus 1 while Firewalkers International blow stuff up at Airventure this year. I bet that woke up the neighbors.....
Believe it or not, there is no crop in this image.
the absence of evidence for extraterrestrial intelligence. For the type ofestimation problem, see Fermi problem. For the music album, see Fermi Paradox (album). For the short story, see The Fermi Paradox Is Our Business Model.A graphical representation of the Arecibo message – Humanity's first
attempt to use radio waves to actively communicate its existence to alien civilizations. The Fermi paradox (or Fermi's paradox) is the apparent contradiction between high estimates of the probability of the existence of extraterrestrial civilization and humanity's lack of contact with, or evidence for, such civilizations.[1] The basic points of the argument,
made by physicists Enrico Fermi and Michael H. Hart, are:
• The Sun is a young star. There are billions of stars in the galaxy that are billions of years older;• Some of these stars likely have Earth-like planets[2] which, if the Earth is typical, may develop intelligent life;• Presumably some of these civilizations will develop interstellar travel, as Earth seems likely to do;• At any practical pace of interstellar travel, the galaxy can be completely colonized in just a few tens of millions of years.According to this line of thinking, the Earth should have already been colonized, or at least visited. But no convincing evidence of this exists.Furthermore, no confirmed signs of intelligence elsewhere have been spotted, either in our galaxy or the more than 80 billion other galaxies of
the observable universe. Hence Fermi's question "Where is everybody?"
brainu.org/files/wikipedia_fermi_paradox_information.pdf
Frank Drake in 1961 in an attempt to find a systematic means to evaluate the numerous probabilities involved in the existence of alien life. The speculative equation considers the rate of star formation in the galaxy; the fraction of stars with planets and the number per star that are habitable; the fraction of those planets that develop life; the fraction that develop intelligent life; the fraction that have detectable, technological intelligent life; and finally the length of time such communicable civilizations are detectable. The fundamental problem is that the last four terms are completely unknown, rendering statistical estimates impossible.There are two parts of the Fermi paradox that rely on empirical evidence—that there are many potential habitable planets, and that we see no evidence of life. The first point, that many suitable planets exist, was an assumption in Fermi's time that is gaining ground with the discovery of many exoplanets, and models predicting billions of habitable worlds in our galaxy..The second part of the paradox, that we see no evidence of extraterrestrial life, is also an active field of scientific research. This includes both efforts to find any indication of life,[36] and efforts specifically directed to finding intelligent life. These searches have been made since 1960, and several are ongoing?Those who think that intelligent extraterrestrial life is (nearly) impossible argue that the conditions needed for the evolution of life—or at least the evolution of biological complexity—are rare or even unique to Earth. Under this assumption, called the rare Earth hypothesis, a rejection of the mediocrity principle, complex multicellular life is regarded as exceedingly unusual.The Rare Earth hypothesis argues that the evolution of biological complexity requires a host of fortuitous circumstances, such as a galactic habitable zone, a central star and planetary system having the requisite character, the circumstellar habitable zone, a right sized terrestrial planet, the advantage of a giant guardian like Jupiter and a large natural satellite, conditions needed to ensure the planet has a magnetosphere and plate tectonics, the chemistry of the lithosphere, atmosphere, and oceans, the role of "evolutionary pumps" such as massive glaciation and rare bolide impacts, and whatever led to the appearance of the eukaryote cell, sexual reproduction and the Cambrian explosion.This is the argument that technological civilizations may usually or invariably destroy themselves before or shortly after developing radio or spaceflight technology. Possible means of annihilation are many,[68] including war, accidental environmental contamination, or poorly designed artificial intelligence. This general theme is explored both in fiction and in scientific hypothesizing. In 1966, Sagan and Shklovskii speculated that technological civilizations will either tend to destroy themselves within a century of developing interstellar communicative capability or master their self-destructive tendencies and survive for billion-year timescales.Self-annihilation may also be viewed in terms of thermodynamics: insofar as life is an ordered system that can sustain itself against the tendency to disorder, the "external transmission" or interstellar communicative phase may be the point at which the system becomes unstable and self-destructs.Another hypothesis is that an intelligent species beyond a certain point of technological capability will destroy other intelligent species as they appear. The idea that something, or someone, might be destroying intelligent life in the universe has been explored in the scientific literature. A species might undertake such extermination out of expansionist motives, paranoia, or aggression. In 1981, cosmologist Edward Harrison argued that such behavior would be an act of prudence: an intelligent species that has overcome its own self-destructive tendencies might view any other species bent on galactic expansion as a threat It has also been suggested that a successful alien species would be a superpredator, as are humans.New life might commonly die out due to runaway heating or cooling on their fledgling planets.On Earth, there have been numerous major extinction events that destroyed the majority of complex species alive at the time; the extinction of the dinosaurs is the best known example. These are thought to have been caused by events such as impact from a large meteorite, massive volcanic eruptions, or astronomical events such as gamma-ray bursts.[76] It may be the case that such extinction events are common throughout the universe and periodically destroy intelligent life, or at least its civilizations, before the species is able to develop the technology to communicate with other species.