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The Val d’Orcia (in English: "Valley of the Orcia") towards the volcanic mountain of Monte Amiata, seen from the elevated town of Pienza, Province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy

 

Some background information:

 

Monte Amiata (in English: "Mount Amiata") is the largest of the lava domes in the Amiata lava dome complex located in the southern Tuscany region of Italy. The volcanic mountain is standing at 1,738 metres (5,702 feet) above sea level. Its trachytic lava flow, 5 km (3.1 miles) long and 4 km (2.5 miles) wide, extends to the east. Radiometric dates indicate that the Amiata complex had a major eruptive episode about 300,000 years ago.

 

For the last time Monte Amiata erupted about 180,000 years ago. During the Holocene no eruptive activity has occurred, but thermal activity including cinnabar mineralization continues at a geothermal field near the town of Bagnore, at the southwestern end of the dome complex. Geysers and hot springs in this area are used for geothermal energy generation and there’s even a geothermal power plant in the town of Piancastagnaio.

 

The main economical resources of the Amiata region are chestnuts, timber and increasingly also tourism (with ski resorts including the peak area). The lower areas are characterized by olive trees and vines. Other vegetation include beech and fir. In ancient times cinnabar was extracted there.

 

The Val d'Orcia, or Valdorcia, is a region of Tuscany, central Italy, which extends from the hills south of Siena to Monte Amiata. Its endless gentle, cultivated rolling hills, which are covered with grain or sunflowers in the summer and vineyards, olive groves, cypresses, beech or chestnut trees all year round alternate with medieval habitations, rural villas and castles boasting impervious towers – all of which is diffused in a tranquilly-isolated nature. This is the scenario that is laid out before the eyes of the visitor to Val d’Orcia.

 

In 2004, the Val d'Orcia was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. According to UNESCO the valley is an exceptional exemplar of the way in which a natural setting was redesigned during the Renaissance (in the 14th and 15th centuries), reflecting the ideals of good governance in the Italian city-state. Additionally, these splendid localities were celebrated by the painters of the Sienese School, which flourished between the 13th and 15th centuries.

 

The Val d‘Orcia is often described as the perfect combination of nature and culture, but it is also an ecosystem which bears witness oft he rural population that has cultivated and farmed the ground since the Middle Ages. However, also five-million years of geological history have left their mark on this territory that, today, is abundant in plant and animal species. Even the deposits of lava from volcanoes no longer active – such as Mounts Radicofani and Amiata – have contributed to the delineations and details of the area; the lava, hardened, gave form to those dark stones known as trachytes.

 

The valley is not only traversed by the river Orcia, but also by the rivers Asso, Formone, Vellora and Vivo. Furthermore the historic road Via Francigena and the Roman road Via Cassia pass through valley that covers and area of altogether 61,188 hectare (151,200 acres). Occasionally the landscape is broken by gullies and picturesque towns and villages such as Montalcino, San Quirico, Pienza, Castiglione and Radicofani. In the northwest the Val d’Orcia borders the Crete Senesi landscape while in the northeast it is flanked by the Val di Chiania.

 

Until 1250, the Val d’Orcia was under the rule of the noble family Aldobrandeschi, but subsequently noble families of the nearby town of Siena took control of the valley. They were attracted by the continuous transit of men and commerce along the fundamental pathways Via Francigena and Via Cassia. The most notable of these families was the family Piccolomini, which also provided several popes, among them the famous Pius II. It was him who commissioned to transform the little village of Corsignano into the town of Pienza and hence into a place which he thought is the "ideal town". However, after the mid-1500s, Val d’Orcia became a valuable part of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and thereby of the Florentine orbit – solely for its agricultural aspect. Thus, it was the family Medici that improved the valley’s infrastructure in the years that followed.

 

Within the Val d'Orcia is a strip of land following the Orcia river that is used as a wine-growing area between the DOCG zones of Brunello di Montalcino and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano. Here the Sangiovese and Trebbiano-based wines are produced under the Orcia Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC) status. The DOC red wine is composed of at least 60 percent Sangiovese with other local varieties, such as Abrusco, permitted to fill in the remainder of the blend. The dry white wine and Vin Santo style DOC wines are composed of at least 50 percent Trebbiano with other local varieties filling out the rest of the blend. All grapes destined for DOC wine production are limited to a maximum harvest yield of 10 tonnes/hectare with the finished wines required to have a minimum alcohol level of at least 12 percent.

 

But the region is also very rich in other high quality local products such as the "Pecorino" cheese of Pienza (a typical cheese made with sheep's milk), the genuine olive oil, saffron, mushrooms, (including truffles), sweet chestnuts, honey and a lot of other specialties.

"Require more vespene gas!"

 

Stay tuned on all the action by following the collaborative's group here!

www.flickr.com/groups/2821848@N21/

thanks for looking...best bigger

Wanted to test some stuff out so I had a couple of quick imaging sessions on NGC 1499, which I last imaged a couple years ago with a modified DSLR and H-Alpha clip in filter.

 

I'm not terribly satisfied with the overall image, but I didn't put a whole lot of effort into it. However, I am extremely pleased with N.I.N.A. as my new image acquisition/platesolving/all-in-one software. Oh and it's free. Check it out if you haven't already! Also, This object is stupidly bright and the Ha image could have gotten away with no noise reduction at all.

 

Total exposure time for this image is: 16.3 hours.

 

Equipment:

- AT65EDQ Scope

- ZWO ASI1600mm-Pro Imaging Camera

- Belt Modded Orion Sirius EQ-G

- QHY miniGuideScope and QHY5L-ii mono guidecam

- Chroma Ha/Oiii/RGB filters

 

---------------------------------------------------------------

 

Software:

- N.I.N.A. for capture

- PHD2 for guiding

- PixInsight for Processing

 

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Acquisition:

- 96 x 300" Ha - Chroma 5nm

- 100 x 300" Oiii - Chroma 3nm

- 10 x 180" each R/G/B - Chroma

- Narrowband images at 200 gain and 50 offset

- RGB images at 139 gain (unity) and 21 offset

- -10C camera temp for all images

- 20 flats and flat-darks per filter

- 30 darks from library

- Nights: 10/29, 10/30, 10/31/20

 

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Processing:

 

Ha

- Calibrate, integrate, DrizzleIntegration

- DynamicCrop

- DynamicBackgroundExtraction

- TGVDenoise

- STF + HistogramTransformation for stretch

- CurvesTransformation for contrast

- UnsharpMask using RangeMask/Starmask Combo

- CurvesTransformation for contrast

- Duplicate and run DarkStructureEnhance script at 0.3 amount

- 50-50 blend original and DSE'd image via PixelMath

 

Oiii:

- DynamicCrop

- DynamicBackgroundExtraction

- TGV + MMT for linear noise reduction

- Arcsinhstretch

- Slight HistogramTransformation

 

- Combine Ha and Oiii via Dreamsplease combination in PixelMath

- CurvesTransformation to shift hue, contrast adjustments, and bring up background

- CurvesTransformation to reduce red

  

RGB Image:

- Stack and Drizzle each set

- Apply STF + HistogramTransformation stretch to Each

- ChannelCombination to combine into RGB image

- StarAlign RGB image to HOO image

 

Combine RGB stars with HOO Image:

- Extract a/b channels of RGB image

- Create starmask for HOO image and apply

- Apply a/b channels of the RGB image to the masked HOO image via ChannelCombination

 

Final Processing:

- Slight CurvesTransformation to bring down background red

- DynamicCrop

- Save and Export

  

Nikon D40

AF-S Nikkor 18-70mm f3.5-4.5 G ED

Extract from the Official Website of the British Monarchy:

 

"The State Opening of Parliament is the most colourful event of the Parliamentary year.

 

It is also the most important, because it brings together the three elements of the legislature (the House of Commons, the House of Lords and The Queen). The ceremony therefore represents the Crown in Parliament.

 

As Head of State, it is the duty of The Queen formally to open each new session of Parliament.

 

This traditionally takes place in October, November or December each year, but sometimes in a different month if a General Election has taken place as was the case in 2010.

 

Before Her Majesty travels to Parliament from Buckingham Palace, certain traditional precautions are observed.

 

A detachment of The Queen's Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard searches the cellars of the Houses of Parliament.

 

This tradition dates back to the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, when Guy Fawkes was arrested whilst preparing to blow up Parliament. Today, the Yeomen of the Guard continue this historic search, in addition to the security checks by police.

 

Another tradition is the 'hostage' MP, a Government whip who is held at Buckingham Palace to guarantee the safe return of the monarch.

 

The custom dates back to centuries when the monarch and Parliament were on less cordial terms.

 

Once these precautions have been taken, The Queen travels from Buckingham Palace in a State coach to the Palace of Westminster, usually accompanied by The Duke of Edinburgh.

 

The Imperial State Crown travels in its own carriage, ahead of The Queen, escorted by Members of the Royal Household.

 

On arrival, The Queen puts on the Imperial State Crown and her parliamentary robe ready for the ceremony itself. This takes place in the House of Lords.

 

Some 250 representatives of the House of Commons are summoned by Black Rod, who acts as The Queen's Messenger.

 

By tradition, the door of the House of Commons is slammed in Black Rod's face. It is then reopened to enable Black Rod to convey the Sovereign's summons to the Speaker.

 

This tradition is a reminder of the right of the Commons to exclude everyone but the Sovereign's messengers.

 

No monarch has set foot in the Commons since Charles I entered the Commons and tried to arrest five Members of Parliament in 1642."

 

Extract from the Court Circular dated 25 May 2010:

 

"The Queen, accompanied by The Duke of Edinburgh, went in State to the Palace of Westminster today to open the Session of Parliament.

 

Her Majesty and His Royal Highness drove in a Carriage Procession, escorted by a Sovereign's Escort of The Household Cavalry, under the command of Major Tariro Mundawarara (The Life Guards), and were received at the Sovereign's Entrance by the Earl Marshal and the Lord Great Chamberlain.

 

Guards of Honour were mounted at Buckingham Palace by The Queen's Guard found by the 1st Battalion Grenadier Guards, under the command of Major James Green, and at the Palace of Westminster by No. 7 Company Coldstream Guards, under the command of Major James Coleby.

 

A staircase party of The Household Cavalry was on duty at Victoria Tower, House of Lords.

 

Royal Salutes were fired in Green Park by The King's Troop Royal Horse Artillery, under the command of Major Neil Cross, and from the Tower of London Saluting Battery by the Honourable Artillery Company, under the command of Captain Martin King.

 

The Imperial State Crown, the Cap of Maintenance and the Sword of State were conveyed previously to the House of Lords in a Carriage Procession, escorted by a Regalia Escort of The Household Cavalry.

 

Her Majesty's Body Guard of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms was on duty in the Prince's Chamber and The Queen's Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard was on duty in the Royal Gallery.

 

The Queen's Bargemaster and Watermen were on duty.

 

The Ladies and Gentlemen of the Household and the Pages of Honour to The Queen (Lord Stanley of Bickerstaff, Jack Soames, Andrew Leeming and Arthur Chatto) were in attendance at the Palace of Westminster.

 

Her Majesty and His Royal Highness returned to Buckingham Palace and were received by the Lord Chamberlain and the Vice-Chamberlain of the Household."

Forests surround school houses inside the Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve, Xapuri, Acre. Rubber tapping is still the basis of livelihoods, along with other forest products, but limited cattle raising is allowed.

All four of my wisdom teeth were severely impacted, so all but one were bashed into tiny pieces upon extraction. Unfortunately, my anesthesia treatment was not of the full knock-me-out brand, and though I couldn't feel the pain until the last tooth, I can't eliminate the drilling noises and the furious yanking throughout the entire procedure. It was like shielding my eyes from a gory horror movie. "Is it over yet? Is it over?" Also, the anesthesia made me bawl for an entire half hour after the surgery. I don't know what menopause feels like, but I'm sure this comes close.

 

Nevertheless, I'm glad they're out, and I thank my friends Heather & B for being my girly movie partners for the afternoon. Currently accepting more volunteers to hand-deliver ice cream this way. Ha ha.

 

PS. Tylenol 3s are the best invention in the world, next to profiteroles, tiramisu, and boys who wear sweaters over button-up shirts. Just saying.

of Warshaw old town, which was completely rebuildt after ww2 (so it´s not realy old)

MFZ - Wasteland Scrappers - Frame - Extractor

 

Easy to build from readily available parts, Extractors form the core of the Wasteland Scrappers. These slow, yet solid frames have proven quite capable in neutralizing threats as necessary to remove valuable parts from harms way in the heat of battle.

 

Mobile Frame Zero is "a tense, tactical game of giant robot squad battle!". It is a tabletop battle game, akin to Warhammer 40k or Malifaux. Players design and build their own companies of microfig-scale "Mobile Frames" and "Stations".

 

If you're interested, you can find its webpage here:

mobileframezero.com/mfz/

and a flickr group dedicated to MFZ builds here:

www.flickr.com/groups/438009@N25/

Vacuum Extractor

 

HDR 7 scatti

Fotocamera: Nikon D700

Aperture: f/4

Shutter Speed: 1/8 s

Lente: 50 mm

ISO: 200

Exposure Bias: 0 EV

Flash: Off, Did not fire

Lens: Nikkor AF-S FX 24-70mm f/2.8 G ED

© All rights reserved

_____________________________________________________________________

 

[...] Y Belmonte recitó, con largas pausas:

 

También el jugador es prisionero

-la sentencia es de Omar- de otro tablero

de negras noches y de blancos días

 

Dios mueve al jugador, y éste la pieza.

¿Qué Dios detrás de Dios la trama empieza

de polvo y tiempo y sueño y agonías...?

 

-El mundo es una inmensa paradoja -concluyó el anciano-. Y lo desafío a demostrar lo contrario [...]

 

Extracto del libro La tabla de Flandes, de Arturo Pérez-Reverte (la poesía es original de Jose Luis Borges)

 

Un saludo

20220424_7369_7D2-252 Extractor Fan

 

#13806

 

Week 50 outtakes. More from last week at 50mm

My brother makes the best vanilla extract for cooking and baking. Use the cheapest bottle of Vodka or Rum, split lengthwise, four whole vanilla bean pods and drop into bottle. Leave in cabinet at least 90 days before use. Strain out the pods and use in all recipes calling for vanilla extract.

extracted from 1080P webcam

Extract from;

http:www.blouseroumaine.com

 

Marie Ana Dràgescu is the sole survivor into the 21st century of the all-female air force squadron, the ‘Escadrila albà’, which was active in WWII.

Marie Ana was born in Craiova, the capital of Oltenia, in Southern Romania, the daughter of an army officer and of a music teacher. She graduated from the aviation school in 1935, enrolled immediately thereafter in military manoeuvres and by 1940, aged 28, she became a member of a medical squadron. In 1942, Dràgescu was a member of the 108 light transports squadron of the Military Air Transport Group. At the end of the war, she was a pilot of the 113th squadron. During these operations Dràgescu managed to recover from the war zone over 1,500 wounded soldiers and secure their hospital treatment, behind the front lines.

Dràgescu’s feats brought her several of the highest orders of decoration - the ‘Virtutea Aeronauticà’ decoration, first class with clasp, as well as the ‘Crucea Regina Maria’ and the German Eagle decoration, third class. Yet, in spite of all military honours, Marie Ana Dràgescu remained a woman of an extraordinary modesty and wisdom.

After the war Dràgescu worked for the civil aviation, but the Stalinist purges at the time of Gheorghiu-Dej caught up with her and in spite of her experience and ability she was fired in 1954 for political reasons: it was a miracle that she did not to end up in a prison camp. She found a secretarial job instead, which allowed her to survive until her retirement in 1966.

In 1990, aged 90, once she had witnessed the fall of Ceausescu, Marie Ana Dràgescu’s feats could, at long last, be recorded, and made public. Her military credentials have at long last been restored, being made a Lieutenant (r) of the Romanian Airforce and been awarded the Order of the ‘Star of Romania’, with the grade of Commander. Her feats of arms made the subject of a recent movie, ‘Escadrila albà’, directed by Serban Creangà.

---------------------

LINK: www.blouseroumaine.com/orderthebook_p1.html

 

"Blouse Roumaine - the Unsung Voices of Romanian Women"

 

Presented and Selected by Constantin ROMAN

 

Anthology E-BOOK (11BM)

 

DISTRIBUTION: Online with credit card

 

COST: $ 54.99, £34.99 (ca Euros 35.50)

 

LINK: www.blouseroumaine.com/orderthebook_p1.html

 

CONTENTS:

 

2,250,000 words,

 

over 1,000 pages,

 

ca 160 illustrations in text

 

160 critical biographies,

 

58 social categories/professions,

 

600 quotations (mostly translated into English for the first time),

 

circa 3,000 bibliographical references (including URLs and credits)

 

6 Indexes (alphabetical, by profession, timeline, quotation Index, place

 

index and name index)

 

AUTHOR: Constantin Roman is a Scholar with a Doctorate from Cambridge and a Member of the Society of Authors (London). He is an International Adviser, Guest Speaker, Professor Honoris Causa and Commander of the Order of Merit.

  

INDEX BY PROSFESSION: 58 CATEGORIES by Call, Profession or Social Status

 

Academics (22), Actresses (9), Anti-Communist Fighters (14), Architects/Interior Designers (2), Art Critics (9), Artist Book Binders (1), Ballerinas (6), Charity Workers/Benefactors (20), Communist Public Figures (2), Courtesans (3), Designers (2), Diplomats (4), Essayists (11), Ethnographers (6), Exiles & First-generation Romanians born abroad (87), Explorers (1), Feminists (12), Folk Singers (1), Gymnasts, Dressage Riders (2), Historians (5), Honorary Romanian Women (15), Illustrators (3), Journalists (13), Lawyers (4), Librarians (3), Linguists (2), Literary Critics (1), Media (15), Medical Doctors/Nurses (5), Memoir Writers (16), Missionaries and Nuns (4), Mountainéers (2), Museographers (1), Musical Instruments Makers (1), Novelists (24), Opera Singers (16), Painters (14), Peasant Farmers (6), Philosophers and Philosophy Graduates (4), Pianists (6), Pilots (4), Playwrights (5), Poets (29), Political Prisoners (30), Politicians (5), Revolutionaries (2), Royals and Aristocrats (34), Scientists (8), Sculptors (4), Slave (1), Socialites/Hostesses (20), Spouses/Relations of Public Figures (51), Spies (2), Tapestry Weavers (4), Translators (25), Unknown Illustrious (6), Violinists (4), Workers (3)

 

NOTE:

Most of the above 160 Romanian women, in the best tradition of versatility, are true polymaths and therefore nearly each one of them falls in more than just one category, often three or more. This explains why adding the numbers of the 57 individual categories bears no relation to the actual total of the above 160 women included in Blouse Roumaine.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

LIST OF 160 CRITICAL BIOGRAPHIES (each supported by Quotations and Bibliography)

 

AA *Gabriela Adamesteanu *Florenta Albu *Nina Arbore *Elena Arnàutoiu *Ioana Raluca Voicu-Arnàutoiu, *Laurentia Arnàutoiu *Mariea Plop - Arnàutoiu *Ana Aslan *Lady Elizabeth Asquith Bibescu

 

BB *Lauren Bacall *Lady Florence Baker *Zoe Bàlàceanu *Ecaterina Bàlàcioiu-Lovinescu *Victorine de Bellio *Pss. Marta Bibescu *Adriana Bittel *Maria Prodan Bjørnson *Ana Blandiana *Yvonne Blondel *Lola Bobescu *Smaranda Bràescu *Elena Bràtianu *Élise Bràtianu *Ioana Bràtianu *Elena Bràtianu- Racottà *Letitzia Bucur

 

CC *Anne-Marie Callimachi *Georgeta Cancicov *Madeleine Cancicov *Pss. Alexandra Cantacuzino *Pss.Maria Cantacuzino (Madame Puvis de Chavannes) *Pss. Maruca Cantacuzino-Enesco* Pss. Catherine Caradja *Elena Caragiani-Stoenescu *Marta Caraion-Blanc, *Nina Cassian, *Otilia Cazimir *Elena Ceausescu *Maria Cebotari *Ioana Celibidache *Hélène Chrissoveloni (Mme Paul Morand)*Alice Cocea *Irina Codreanu *Lizica Codreanu *Alina Cojocaru *Nadia Comàneci *Denisa Comànescu *Lena Constante *Silvia Constantinescu *Doina Cornea *Hortense Cornu *Viorica Cortez*Otilia Cosmutzà *Sandra Cotovu *Ileana Cotrubas *Carmen-Daniela Cràsnaru *Mioara Cremene *Florica Cristoforeanu *Pss. Elena Cuza

 

DD *Hariclea Darclée *Cella Delavrancea *Alina Diaconú *Varinca Diaconú *Anca Diamandy *Marie Ana Dràgescu *Rodica Dràghincescu *Bucura Dumbravà *Natalia Dumitrescu

 

EE *Micaela Eleutheriade *Queen Elisabeth of Romania (‘Carmen Sylva’) *Alexandra Enescu *Mica Ertegün

 

FF *Lizi Florescu, *Maria Forescu *Nicoleta Franck *Aurora Fúlgida

 

GG *Angela Gheorghiu *Pss Grigore Ghica *Pss. Georges Ghika (Liane de Pougy) *Veturia Goga *Maria Golescu *Nadia Gray *Olga Greceanu *Pss. Helen of Greece *Nicole Valéry-Grossu *Carmen Groza

 

HH *Virginia Andreescu Haret *Clara Haskil *Lucia Hossu-Longin

 

II *Pss. Ileana of Romania *Ana Ipàtescu *Marie-France Ionesco *Dora d’Istria *Rodica Iulian

 

JJ *Doina Jela *Lucretia Jurj

 

KK *Mite Kremnitz

 

LL *Marie-Jeanne Lecca *Madeleine Lipatti *Monica Lovinescu *Elena Lupescu

 

MM *Maria Mailat *Ileana Màlàncioiu *Ionela Manolesco *Lilly Marcou *Silvia Marcovici *Queen Marie of Romania *Ioana A. Marin *Ioana Meitani *Gabriela Melinescu *Veronica Micle *Nelly Miricioiu *Herta Müller *Alina Mungiu-Pippidi *Agnes Kelly Murgoci

 

NN *Mabel Nandris *Anita Nandris-Cudla *Lucia Negoità *Mariana Nicolesco *Countess Anna de Noailles *Ana Novac

 

OO *Helen O’Brien *Oana Orlea

 

PP *Hortensia Papadat-Bengescu *Milita Pàtrascu *Ana Pauker *Marta Petreu *Cornelia Pillat *Magdalena Popa *Elvira Popescu

 

RR *Ruxandra Racovitzà *Elisabeta Rizea *Eugenia Roman *Stella Roman *Queen Ana de România, *Pss. Margarita de România *Maria Rosetti *Elisabeth Roudinesco

 

SS *Annie Samuelli *Sylvia Sidney *Henriette-Yvonne Stahl *Countess Leopold Starszensky *Elena Stefoi *Pss. Marina Stirbey *Sanda Stolojan *Cecilia Cutzescu-Storck

 

TT *Maria Tànase *Aretia Tàtàrescu *Monica Theodorescu *Elena Theodorini

 

UU *Viorica Ursuleac

 

VV *Elena Vàcàrescu *Leontina Vàduva *Ana Velescu *Marioara Ventura *Anca Visdei *Wanda Sachelarie Vladimirescu *Alice Steriade Voinescu

 

WW *Sabina Wurmbrand

 

ZZ *Virginia Zeani

   

L'Extraction de la Pierre de Folie ou la Lithotomie

Oeuvre de Jérôme Bosch (Pays-Bas, 1450-1516)

fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Bosch

1501 - 1505.

Huile sur panneau de chêne.

Musée du Prado, Madrid

www.museodelprado.es/en/the-collection/art-work/the-extra...

 

Ce célèbre tableau, sur lequel on a beaucoup écrit, est un reflet de la folie humaine. L'artiste a donné à la scène un cadre décoratif de rubans d'or avec une inscription, en haut, " Maître, débarrassez-moi bientôt de cette pierre" et, en bas, "Je m'appelle Lubbert Das"

 

La tradition populaire associait la folie à une pierre logée dans le cerveau. Prenant la métaphore dans son sens le plus littéral,

des gens crédules ont pu espérer se libérer de cette prétendue pierre en la faisant retirer mais il semble que des opérations réelles n'aient jamais eu lieu (NDLR). Dans son tableau, Bosch montre le patient comme un gros paysan âgé, sans sabots et attaché à une chaise. Le charlatan ou le chirurgien qui effectue l'opération porte sur la tête un entonnoir renversé. Cet objet symbolise la tromperie et révèle qu'il n'est pas un érudit mais plutôt un fraudeur. C'est le cas également des deux spectateurs : un moine alcoolique et une nonne ignorante avec un livre fermé sur la tête. Ce que le charlatan extrait de la tête du patient n'est pas une pierre mais une sorte de nénuphar. Si ce motif est généralement interprété comme le symbole de l'argent, le fait qu'il s'agisse d'une fleur a conduit certains auteurs, à l'interpréter dans un sens sexuel. Dans ce cas, plutôt que de guérir la folie du patient, le chirurgien le castre en le débarrassant de son désir sexuel – la luxure – et en le ramenant ainsi dans les bonnes voies de la société et de la morale chrétienne. Cette idée est également suggérée par le nom du patient, Lubbert Das, que certains auteurs ont traduit par blaireau castré. En tant que créature nocturne dormant pendant la journée, le blaireau ( das ) était considéré comme paresseux. Lubbert est un nom masculin qui est également utilisé comme surnom pour une personne paresseuse... Extraits de la notice du musée du Prado

 

Le tableau sur Wikipedia

fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Lithotomie

 

Émission sur France Culture

www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/podcasts/allons-y-voir/c...

 

Exposition "Figures du Fou. Du Moyen Âge aux Romantiques"

Musée du Louvre, Paris

www.louvre.fr/expositions-et-evenements/expositions/figur...

Working up some new approaches.

press L on keyboard for larger view without distractions, cheers Ed

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