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The Postcard
A postcard that was posted in Mortlake on Tuesday the 14th. July 1925 to:
Mrs. Watson,
'The Hollies,'
Breaston,
Near Derby.
The message on the divided back of the card was as follows:
"Very many thanks for
the lettuces. We have
had some in the garden,
but they are all over long
ago.
I've also produced some
kidney beans and radishes.
I have just engaged a
maid of 14! By the look of
her, I shall feel like starting
by bathing her - like they
do in hospitals!
But my 3 days a week person
is very delicate and very
expensive, and it is not a
satisfactory combination!
Heaps of love,
D."
Occupation of the Ruhr Valley
So what else happened on the day that the card was posted?
Well, on the 14th. July 1925, the occupation of the Ruhr Valley began to wind down as the first French and Belgian troops were evacuated.
The occupation was in response to the Weimar Republic's failure to continue its reparation payments in the aftermath of the Great War.
The Boxer Pancho Villa
The 14th. July 1925 was not a good day for the boxer Pancho Villa, because he died in San Francisco at the age of 23 on that day.
Pancho, who was born Francisco Villaruel Guilledo on the 1st. August 1901 in Ilog, Negros Occidental, Philippine Islands, was a Filipino Flyweight professional boxer. He was also known as The Filipino Whirlwind and Little Brown Boy.
Villa, who stood only 5 feet 1 inch (154 cm) tall and never weighed more than 114 pounds (51 kg), despite the racial discrimination of that time, rose from obscurity to become the first Asian to win the World Flyweight Championship in 1923, earning the reputation as one of the greatest Flyweight boxers in history. He was never knocked out in his entire boxing career, which ended with his sudden death at only twenty-three from complications following a tooth extraction.
Pancho Villa - The Early Years
Guilledo was the son of a cowhand who abandoned his family when Guilledo was just six months old. He grew up in the hacienda of a wealthy local, helping his mother raise goats.
When Guilledo was 11, he sailed to Iloilo City to work as a bootblack. While in Iloilo, he befriended a local boxer, and together they migrated to Manila, settling in Tondo.
He occasionally sparred with friends, and soon attracted the attention of local boxing habitués. He fought his first professional fight in 1919 against Alberto Castro. Within two years, he was the Philippine Flyweight Champion.
He nearly gave up boxing after being spurned by a woman, and returned to Negros early in 1922 to retire. However the clamour of Filipino boxing fans compelled him to return to the ring where he became Pancho Villa.
Pancho Villa in America
In May, 1922, Villa received an invitation from famed boxing promoter Tex Rickard to fight in the United States. He accepted the invitation. Upon arrival he was set up with a very young but talented sparring partner in Enrique Chaffardet, and immediately won his first overseas fight against Abe Goldstein in Jersey City on the 7th. June 1922.
He then fought and defeated by Frankie Genaro on the 22nd. August 1922. By this time, Villa had caught the attention of boxing aficionados and he was slated to fight against the American Flyweight Champion Johnny Buff on the 15th. September 1922.
Villa defeated Buff in an upset, knocking out the champion in the 11th. round to win the American Flyweight Championship. At this point, Villa had been in the American phase of his career for only 4 months.
Villa lost the title early the following year to Genaro, who defeated the Filipino on points in a widely criticized decision. The unpopularity of Villa's defeat on points proved fateful. Jimmy Wilde, the Welsh-born boxer and former World Flyweight Champion, had decided to end his recent retirement and seek the then-vacant World Flyweight Championship in a fight to be staged in America.
While Genaro, the American Champion, seemed as the logical choice to fight Wilde, Villa's growing popularity soon convinced promoters that the Filipino would prove as the better draw.
In what were described in that era as "pre-battle statements," the 31-year-old Wilde said:
"I appreciate the fact that in Villa, I am going
to meet one of the toughest little men in boxing.
I appreciate the fact that I am going to be put to
a real test, and that is what I have prepared for."
In comments that summed up his fighting style, Villa said:
"I am in condition, and once in condition, my
worries are over. I do not intend to give Wilde
a minute's rest while we are in the ring."
Villa did not disappoint the crowd. On the 18th. June 1923, at the Polo Grounds in New York City, Villa was cheered on to victory over Wilde by more than 20,000 fans screaming "Viva Villa!" The win came by knockout in the 7th. round, caused by a crashing right to Wilde's jaw. Villa was described as relentless, pummeling Wilde with both hands and causing the Welshman to also drop in the fourth and fifth rounds. Wilde never fought again.
Pancho's wife Gliceria (née Concepcion) who was left in Manila, asked for her reaction had this to say:
"You cannot imagine the happiness I felt
upon receiving the first notices of the
victory of my husband. I cried not because
of pain but emotion. I was hoping for his
triumph."
Former President General Emilio Aguinaldo, voicing the sentiment of the entire nation said:
"Congratulations, Pancho, Come back
to us and defend your title here."
A hero's welcome greeted Pancho when he disembarked from the SS President Grant, the same luxury liner that brought him to the United States to launch his campaign in the land of promise.
A reception at the Malacanan Palace hosted by then-President Manuel Quezon followed a massive parade from the airport passing through Manila's major streets where thousands greeted the returning sports hero.
The new World Flyweight Champion successfully defended his title several times and never relinquished it until his death just two years later. Before returning to the United States, Pancho fought one more bout in Manila, against Clever Sencio, on the 2nd. May 1925. Villa prevailed.
None of the thousands of fans who saw that fight was aware that they had just witnessed Villa's final victory, and the second to the last fight of his life.
The Death and Legacy of Pancho Villa
Villa returned to the United States to prepare for his next match, a non-title fight against Jimmy McLarnin scheduled for the 4th. July 1925 at Ewing Field in San Francisco.
However in the days leading up to the fight, Villa's face became swollen due to an ulcerated tooth. On the morning of the fight, Villa went to a dentist to have the tooth extracted. Despite the pain and swelling, Villa insisted on going ahead with the fight with McLarnin.
Villa ended up spending most of the fight using one hand to protect his afflicted face. Given these circumstances, Villa naturally lost, though he managed to stay the distance. It was to be Villa's last fight.
Two or three days after the McLarnin fight, he had three more teeth extracted after an infection was discovered. Against his dentist's prescription of bed rest, Villa spent the next few days carousing with friends.
Pancho's condition worsened, and by the 13th. July 1925, he was taken to hospital. The infection had spread to his throat, resulting in Ludwig's angina. Villa was rushed into surgery, but he lapsed into a coma while on the operating table and died the following day, 14th. July 1925, 17 days before his 24th. birthday.
His remains were returned to Manila, and in August 1925, he was laid to rest in Manila North Cemetery.
Villa's 1923 victory made him the first Asian in history to have won an international boxing championship. In October 1961, Villa was added by Ring Magazine to its boxing hall of fame.
He was also inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1994, the second Filipino boxer so honoured after Gabriel "Flash" Elorde, who was born nearly a decade after Villa's death.
Villa was ranked the 59th. best fighter by Ring Magazine in 2002 in a list of the 80 Best Fighters of the Last 80 Years.
He was voted as the Number 1 Flyweight (along with Miguel Canto) of the 20th. century by the Associated Press in 1999.
During DNA extraction, CTAB buffer is added to the finely ground leaf sample. This is a detergent, which facilitates the lysis of cell membranes, enabling cell contents to leak into the solution.
Photo credit: CIMMYT.
See the "DNA extraction" set that this photo is part of for more information and images.
Zainabad - Dasada - Gujarat - India
Salt extraction fields
Over het verdroogde land rijden we naar de zoutwinningsvelden. We zien er de vriendelijke mensen die daar leven met hun gezin, en daar dagelijks het harde werk doen om zout te winnen.
Interessant om te lezen:
www.toegankelijkopreis.be/content/gujarat-juweel-van-west...
In open jeep rijden we naar Zainabad, waar we het nationaal park Little Rann van Kutch bezoeken.
Onderweg spotten we de Wild Ass (wilde ezel) en de nijlgau. De nijlgau of nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) is een grote antilope uit India. 'Nilgai' is Hindi voor "blauw rund".
Aan het meer spotten we kraanvogels , flamingo's, pelikanen, ibis, spoonbill of lepelaar, ooievaar of blue bill, eenden of ducks ...
We ontmoeten de Koli vrouwen met bundels houten takken op het hoofd.
...what's left of it, it's been ground and drilled into to get it off. I got it about 25 years ago, when a mouth full of gold seemed really funny. Now, I've opted for a more "mature" porcelain replacement. Will miss it...
Sorry I haven't posted anything in a while. Here's a work in progress MOC. This is called "Extraction", this is the last and the conclusion MOC on the "The Artifact"series of MOCs. I should have it ready within a few days.
From a super of ten frames we get about 20 lb (about 9 kg) of honey. It collects in the bottom of the extractor. We then pass it through two sieves to remove any bits of wax. The smell is amazing: a mixture of honey, wax and propolis (which is like resin).
Each hive this year has three supers on it. The bees will need a full one to get through the winter (you can also give them sugar, but I would rather they had their own stuff, it's more nutritious), so there's plenty to spare.
Extracting DNA from plants for the Barcode UK project at the National Botanic Garden of Wales.
The Barcode Wales Paper: dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0037945
During DNA extraction, isopropanol is added to the samples to precipitate the DNA out of solution.
Photo credit: CIMMYT.
See the "DNA extraction" set that this photo is part of for more information and images.
© Lance Bellers.
Published by the International Centre for Eye Health www.iceh.org.uk, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
St. Francis Winery and Vineyard, Santa Rosa, California, USA
St. Francis Winery & Vineyards, located in the heart of Sonoma Valley, produces big, bold, full-bodied wines that deliver on flavor. Each wine is produced from 100% hand-picked Sonoma County fruit and is a direct expression of their winemaking philosophy of “maximum extraction, minimal intervention."
History
In 1971, Joe Martin, a San Francisco businessman and his wife Emma purchased the 100 acre Behler Ranch Vineyard in Sonoma Valley, located in the historic town of Kenwood. In 1979, after several years of growing and selling grapes to local wineries, the decision was made by Joe and partner Lloyd Canton to build their own winery. St. Francis Winery was established and christened after St. Francis of Assisi, in recognition of the Saint’s role as a protector of the natural world and as acknowledgement of the Franciscan order, believed to have been the first to bring European grape cultivation to the new world.
The Tradition Continues
In the Fall 1999 the construction of St. Francis’ new state of the art Winery facility was completed just in time for the 1999 harvest. The new Winery, with Hood Mountain as its picturesque backdrop is located on the Wild Oak Vineyard 1 mile west of the original Winery site in Sonoma Valley. Much care and thought was involved in the creation of this immaculate facility, allowing St. Francis winemaking team the luxury of expanding their winemaking capabilities.
With the completion of St. Francis Visitors Center in 2001, the transformation was complete. This stunning mission style Visitors Center located at the entrance of the Wild Oak Vineyard, offers three separate tasting bars, a beautiful slate patio with panoramic views of the surrounding Wild Oak Vineyards, lavender dotted gardens and vistas of the Sonoma Valley.
There's a reason the guys in a platoon call the medic "Doc." Most of the time, he's the closest thing they have to a doctor (or in this case, to a dentist). One very cold morning (the very same one featured in the REFORGER Cold Morning shots) at the end of our REFORGER field time, Doc had to yank one an impacted tooth from Smitty's mouth.
Visible strands of maize DNA precipitated out of solution.
Photo credit: CIMMYT.
See the "DNA extraction" set that this photo is part of for more information and images.
The DNA pellets are washed using two washes: ethanol and sodium acetate in distilled water, followed by ethanol and ammonium acetate in distilled water. They can then be resuspended in TE buffer for long-term storage (months or years) without degradation if required.
Photo credit: CIMMYT.
See the "DNA extraction" set that this photo is part of for more information and images.
© Lance Bellers.
Published by the International Centre for Eye Health www.iceh.org.uk, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
© Lance Bellers.
Published by the International Centre for Eye Health www.iceh.org.uk, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
during the ~45 minute extraction, the top of my wisdom tooth broke off, then the roots had to be drilled apart, the right root was extracted, and then while wrenching the left root out, the barb at the end broke off and had to be left behind because it was so close to the nerve (indicated at the bottom). i was awake the whole time, yet highly numbed.
Following a period of incubation and agitation at 65 °C for 90 minutes, the cell contents of the maize leaf sample for DNA extraction have been released into the CTAB buffer.
Photo credit: CIMMYT.
See the "DNA extraction" set that this photo is part of for more information and images.
© Margreet Hogeweg
Published by the International Centre for Eye Health www.iceh.org.uk, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.