View allAll Photos Tagged Existence

street performer, Puduchery,india

Kalaripayattu is an Indian martial art. One of the oldest fighting systems in existence, it is now practiced in Kerala, in contiguous parts of Tamil Nadu and among the Malayali community of Malaysia. It was originally practiced in northern and central parts of Kerala and the Tulunadu region of Karnataka.

 

Kalaripayattu includes strikes, kicks, grappling, preset forms, weaponry and healing methods. Regional variants are classified according to geographical position in Kerala; these are the Northern style from Malabar region in north Kerala, the Central style from inner Kerala and the southern style from Travancore region of south Kerala.

 

Due combattenti di kalaripayattu. Punarjani Traditional Village, Munnar, Kerala. India. Foto pubblicata sul National geographic magazine Italia di luglio.

www.nationalgeographic.it/wallpaper/2012/06/19/foto/la_mi...

 

B&W version of an old photo: www.flickr.com/photos/mauandsa/6949289803/

 

Please don't use this image on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit permission. © all rights reserved.

SX-70

Time-Zero, expired in 2004

 

but though I have looked everywhere,

I can find nothing

to give myself to:

everything is

 

magnificent with existence, is in

surfeit of glory:

nothing is diminished,

nothing has been diminished for me:

- from "Still" by A. R. Ammons

 

Can you spot the yellow-green butterfly?

Candid b&w photography via iPhone [more on Twitter]

in dreams

i see an existence with no bounds

knowing that freedom

lies within me

 

i'm interrupting my black & white series to share this image (those of you in my Facebook circle may have already seen this). when i saw these two kids when i was at the Los Angeles County Arboretum last week i imagined this dreamlike scene. i created the motion blur effect using Adobe Photoshop CS6.

 

BETTER IF VIEWED LARGE IN LIGHTBOX

 

i hope everyone is having a good week. i'll catch up with you all later. sorry if i'm a bit slow and AWOL every now and then. there have been too many non-Flickr activities to attend to lately.

 

Website l Blog I Facebook Page I 500px

title.

A world of yellow, blue and bubbles.

  

(LUMIX G3 shot)

  

Kamogawa Sea World. Kamogawa city. Chiba prefecture. Japan. July 27, 2014. … 4 / 8

(Today's photo. It's unpublished.)

  

Images.

Pointe Vénus …. Greg Foat

youtu.be/wm-KhVisnds

  

Important Notices.

 

I have relaxed the following conditions.

I will distribute my T-shirt to the world for free.

m.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/50656401427/in/dateposted-p...

m.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/50613367691/in/dateposted-p...

   

youtube has been updated.ユーチューブ更新しました

unforgettable”   iMovie / apple

Starring, filming, editing, directing, everything is me😅

主演、撮影、編集、監督、すべて僕です😅

youtu.be/Z5TFytkIDyA

  

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Exhibition in 2023

  

theme

The camera kisses time.

  

Mitsushiro --Nakagawa

  

The schedule for 2023 is unstable.

I plan to do one of the following two.

Both are scheduled around November.

  

I give priority to museums.

  

1 This will be done when the 1st attached gallery is released in 2023.

place

DIC Kawamura Memorial Museum of Art 1st attached gallery

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

  

2 This is planned as a spare.

place

Design Festa

designfesta.com

  

images.

BTS… Film out Lyrics (방탄 소년단 / BTS Film out Japanese subtitles 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics / Kan / Rom / Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

  

_________________________________

_________________________________

   

Latest news.

The following my T-shirt. Free distribution.

Due to the influence of corona # the method of transportation varies from country to country.

 

1/25

The first one has been decided.

It's a German.

m.flickr.com/photos/ute_kluge/favorites/

I thank you from the bottom of my heart. Thank you.

:)

December 3 # 2020. shipped.

It is a sea mail. It takes 2 to 3 months.

 

2/25

The second is a Thai woman.

youpic.com/photographer/Abbozzo/

I asked her to pick it up.

:)

December 10 # 2020. shipped.

It is a sea mail. It takes 2 to 3 months.

 

3/25

The third is a Mexican woman.

www.facebook.com/OvejaDeSion

She has supported me since the days of fotolog.

She gave me directions.

Thank you.

:)

Shipped on December 10 # 2020.

It is EMS. Maybe it will arrive within 1 to 2 months.

 

4/25

The fourth is a woman from the Republic of Serbia.

youpic.com/photographer/IvanaPopov/

Shipped on December 14 # 2020.

It is a sea mail. Maybe it will arrive within 2 to 3 months.

:)

 

5/25

The fifth is an Indonesian man.

www.flickr.com/photos/33836533@N04/

December 24 # 2020. shipped.

It is EMS. Maybe it will arrive within 1 to 2 months.

 

6/25

The sixth is from France.

youpic.com/image/18158054/ombre-chinoise-by-ce-pe

www.flickr.com/photos/191604817@N04/

January 7 # 2021.

I shipped it.

:)

 

7/25

The seventh person is also from France.

www.flickr.com/photos/151630891@N07/

www.flickr.com/people/liveworkcreate/

January 7 # 2021.

I shipped it.

:)

 

8/25

The eighth person is from Romania.

www.flickr.com/photos/63mr/

It will be shipped in January 2021.

:)

 

9/25

The ninth person is from Japan. He is 16 years old

www.instagram.com/kai.kawazu/

Award history

2017 Oguni Town Photo Contest 2 Division

2018 EPSON meet up selection Data Category Excellence Award

2020 Kumamoto Takafumiren First Half Photo Contest Excellence Award

Web Photo Contest Sponsoring Maker Award

 

10/25

The tenth person is from Brazil.

www.flickr.com/photos/mangelo/

It will be shipped in February 2021.

:)

  

11/25

11th person is from USA.

youpic.com/photographer/HeathBrunner/

www.flickr.com/photos/181948650@N04/

 

vmaxrecords.bandcamp.com

soundcloud.com/vmaxrecords

 

It will be shipped in February 2021.

:)

 

12/25

The 13th person is from Italy.

www.flickr.com/photos/122700703@N05/

youpic.com/photographer/raffadepa2019/

cacciatoredisogniblog.wordpress.com

It will be shipped in February 2021.

 

13/25

The 14th person is from Russia.

www.flickr.com/photos/183731920@N08/

youpic.com/photographer/Andjey/

It will be shipped in March 2021.

 

14/25

The 14th person is from the Philippines.

www.flickr.com/photos/44681455@N00/

youpic.com/photographer/Stitch/

Shipped on November 11, 2021.

  

Mitsu.

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Notice regarding "Lot No.402_”.

  

From now on # I will host "Lot No.402_".

 

The work of Leonardo da Vinci who was sleeping.

That is the number when it was put up for auction.

No sign was written on the work.

So this work couldn't conclude that it was his work.

However # as a result of various appraisals # it was exposed to the sun.

A work that no one notices. A work that speaks quietly without a title.

I will continue to strive to provide it to many people in various ways.

 

October 24 # 2020 by Mitsu - Nakagawa.

  

Mitsu Nakagawa belong to Lot No. 402 _.Copyright©︎2022 Lot No.402_ All rights reserved.

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Profile.

In November 2014 # we caught the attention of the party selected to undertake the publicity for a mobile phone that changed the face of the world with just a single model # and will conclude a confidentiality agreement with them.

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Interviews and novels.

About my book.

 

I published a book a long time ago.

At that time # I uploaded my interview as a PDF on the internet.

Its Japanese and English.

 

I will publish it for free.

For details # I explained to the Amazon site.

 

How to write a novel.

How to take a picture.

A sense of distance to the work.

 

All of these have something in common.

I wrote down what I felt and left it.

 

I hope my text will be read by many people.

Thank you.

 

Mitsushiro.

 

1 Interview in English

 

2 novels. unforgettable 'English version.(This book is Dedicated to the future artist.)

 

3 Interview Japanese version

 

4 novels. unforgettable ' JPN version.

 

5 A streamlined trajectory. only Japanese.

 

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

iBooks. Electronic Publishing. It is free now.

 

0.about the iBooks.

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

1.unforgettable '(ENG.ver.)(This book is Dedicated to the future artist.)

itunes.apple.com/us/book/unforgettable/id1216576828?ls=1&...

 

2.unforgettable '(JNP.ver.)(This book is Dedicated to the future artist.)

itunes.apple.com/us/book/unforgettable/id1216584262?ls=1&...

 

3. Streamlined trajectory.(For Japanese only.)

itunes.apple.com/us/book/%E6%B5%81%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E3%8... =11

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

My Novel : Unforgettable'

 

(This book is Dedicated to the future artist.)

  

Synopsis

Kei Kitami # who is aiming for a university # meets Kaori Uemura # an event companion who is 6 years older than her on SNS.

Kaori's dream of coming to Tokyo is to become friends with famous artists.

For that purpose # the presence of radio station producer Ryo Osawa was necessary.

Osawa talks to Kaori during the live radio broadcast.

"I have a wife and a child # but I want to see you."

Kay's classmate # Rika Sanjo # who thinks of him # was exploring Kaori's trends. .. .. .. ..

Synopsis.

 

Kei Kitami who aims at university.

A 6 year old older event companion woman. Meet Kaori Uemura on SNS.

 

The dream of Kaori who has moved to Tokyo.

It is to be a friend of the artist.

 

The producer of the radio station for that. The existence of Ryo Osawa was necessary.

Live on the radio.Osawa talks to Kaori.

 

"I have a wife and a child # but I want to see you."

Kei’s classmate Rika Sanzyou who is thinking of him.

She was searching for Kaori.

   

Mitsushiro Nakagawa

All Translated by Yumi Ikeda .

www.fotolog.net/yuming/

  

images.

U2 - No Line On The Horizon Live in Dublin

www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oKwnkYFsiE&feature=related

  

Main story

 

There are two reasons why a person faces the sea.

One # to enjoy a slice of shine in the sea like children bubbling over in the beach.

The other # to brush the dust of memory like an old man who misses old days # staring at the shine

quietly.

Those lead to only one meaning though they do not seem to overlap. It’s a rebirth.

I face myself to change tomorrow # a vague day into something certain.

That is the meaning of a rebirth.

I had a very sweet girlfriend when I was 18.

After she left # I knew the meaning of gentleness for the first time and also a true pain of loss. After

she left # how many times did I depend too much on her # doubt her # envy her and keep on telling lies

until I realized it is love?

I wonder whether a nobody like me could have given something to her who was struggling in the

daily life in those days. Giving something is arrogant conceit. It is nothing but self-satisfaction.

I had been thinking about such a thing.

However # I guess what she saw in me was because I had nothing. That‘s why she tried to see

something in me. Perhaps she found a slight possibility in me # a guy filled with ambiguous # unstable

tomorrow. But I wasted days depending too much on her gentleness.

Now I finally can convey how I felt in those days when we met.

  

1/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24577016535/in/dateposted...

2/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24209330259/in/dateposted...

3/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/23975215274/in/dateposted...

4/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24515964952/in/dateposted...

5/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24276473749/in/dateposted...

6/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24548895082/in/dateposted...

7/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24594603711/in/dateposted...

8/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24588215562/in/dateposted...

9/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24100804163/in/dateposted...

  

Fin.

  

images.

U2 - No Line On The Horizon

www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oKwnkYFsiE&feature=related

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Title of my book : unforgettable'

Author : Mitsushiro Nakagawa

Out Now.

ISBN978-4-86264-866-2

in Amazon.

www.amazon.co.jp/Unforgettable’-Mitsushiro-Nakagawa/dp/...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

The schedule of the next novel.

Still would stand all time. (Unforgettable '2)

(It will not go away forever)

Please give me some more time. That is Japanese.

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

Exhibition in 2023

  

theme

The camera kisses time.

  

Mitsushiro --Nakagawa

  

The schedule for 2023 is unstable.

I plan to do one of the following two.

Both are scheduled around November.

  

I give priority to museums.

  

1 This will be done when the 1st attached gallery is released in 2023.

place

DIC Kawamura Memorial Museum of Art 1st attached gallery

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

  

2 This is planned as a spare.

place

Design Festa

designfesta.com

  

images.

BTS… Film out Lyrics (방탄 소년단 / BTS Film out Japanese subtitles 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics / Kan / Rom / Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

  

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

My Works.

 

1 www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/48072442376/in/dateposted...

2 www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/48078949821/in/dateposted...

3 www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/48085863356/in/dateposted...

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Do you want to hear my voice?

:)

 

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw

 

1

About the composition of the picture posted to Flicker. First type.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw

 

2

About the composition of the picture posted to Flicker. Second type.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=443

 

3

About when I started Fotolog. Architect 's point of view.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=649

 

4

Why did not you have a camera so far?

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=708

 

5

What is the coolest thing? The photo is as it is.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=776

 

6

About the current YouTube bar. I also want to tell # I want to leave.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=964

 

7

About Japanese photographers. Japanese YouTube bar is Pistols.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1059

 

8

The composition of the photograph is sensibility. Meet the designers in Milan. Two questions.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1242

 

9

What is a good composition? What is a bad composition?

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1482

 

10

What is the time to point the camera? It is slow if you are looking into the viewfinder or display.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1662

 

11

Family photos. I can not take pictures with others. The inside of the subject.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1745

 

12

About YouTube 's photographer. Camera technology etc. Sensibility is polished by reading books.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=2144

 

13

About the Japanese newspaper. A picture of a good newspaper is Reuters. If you continue to look at useless photographs # it will be useless.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=2305

 

14

About Japanese photographers. About the exhibition.

Summary. I wrote a novel etc. What I want to tell the most.

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=2579

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

I talked about how to make a work.

 

About work production 1/2

youtu.be/ZFjqUJn74kM

  

About work production 2/2

youtu.be/pZIbXmnXuCw

 

1 Photo exhibition up to that point. Did you want to go?

 

2 Well # what is an exhibition that you want to visit even if you go there?

 

3 Challenge to exhibit one work every month before opening a solo exhibition at the Harajuku Design Festa.

 

4 works are materials and silhouettes. Similar to fashion.

 

5 Who is your favorite artist? What is it? Make it clear.

 

6 Creating a collage is exactly the same as taking photos. As I wrote in the interview # it is the same as writing a novel.

 

7 I want to show it to someone # but I do not make a piece to show it. Aim for the work you want to decorate your own room as in the photo.

 

8 What is copycat? Nowadays # it is suspected to be beaten. There is something called Mimesis?

 

ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimesis

kotobank.jp/word/Mimesis-139464

 

9 What is Individuality? What is originality?

 

www.youtube.com/user/mitsushiro/

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

Explanation of composition. 2

 

1.Composition explanation 2 ... 1/4

youtu.be/yVbvneBIMs8

 

2.Composition explanation 2 ... 2/4

youtu.be/LToFez9vOAw

 

3.Composition Explanation 2 ... 3/4

youtu.be/uTR0wVi9Z7M

 

4.Composition Explanation 2 ... 4/4

youtu.be/h2LjfU6Vvno

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

My shutter feeling.

 

youtu.be/3JkbGiFLjAM

 

Today's photo.

It is a photo taken from Eurostar.

 

This video is an explanation.

 

I went to Milan in 2005.

At that time # I went from Milan to Venice.

We took Eurostar into the transportation.

 

This photo was not taken from a very fast Eurostar.

When I changed the track # I took a picture at the moment I slowed down.

  

Is there a Japanese beside you?

Please have my video translated.

:)

 

In the Eurostar to Venice . 2005. shot ... 1 / 2

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/49127115021/in/dateposted...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

Miles Davis sheet 1955-1976.

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

flickr.

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

instagram.

www.instagram.com/mitsushiro_nakagawa/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Pinterest.

www.pinterest.jp/MitsushiroNakagawa/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

YouPic

youpic.com/photographer/mitsushironakagawa/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

twitter.

twitter.com/mitsushiro

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

facebook.

www.facebook.com/mitsushiro.nakagawa

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Amazon.

www.amazon.co.jp/gp/profile/amzn1.account.AHSKI3YMYPYE5UE...

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

My statistics. (As of May 11 # 2021)

youtu.be/UpezrGm4HYA

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Japanese is the following.

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

Title of my book unforgettable' Mitsushiro Nakagawa Out Now. ISBN978-4-86264-866-2

 

Mitsu Nakagawa belong to Lot No. 204 _ . Copyright©︎2020 Lot No.402_ All rights reserved.

_________________________________

_________________________________

   

title.

黄色と青と泡の世界。

  

( LUMIX G3 shot )

  

鴨川シーワールド。鴨川市。千葉県。日本。2014年7月27日。…  4 / 8

(今日の写真。それは未発表です。)

  

Images.

Pointe Vénus …. Greg Foat

youtu.be/wm-KhVisnds

   

次の小説のイメージ。

Still would stand all time.(unforgettable'2)

(いつまでもなくならないだろう)

    

重要なお知らせ。

 

僕は以下の条件を緩和します。

僕はTシャツを無料で世界中へ配布します。

m.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/50656401427/in/dateposted-p...

m.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/50613367691/in/dateposted-p...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

2023年の展示

  

テーマ

カメラは時間にキスをする。

  

Mitsushiro - Nakagawa

  

2023年のスケジュールは不安定です。

以下の二つのいずれかを予定しています。

どちらも11月頃を予定しています。

  

僕は美術館を優先します。

 

1 こちらは、2023年に第1付属ギャラリーが解放されたら実施します。

場所

DIC川村記念美術館 第1付属ギャラリー

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

  

2 こちらは、予備として予定します。

場所

デザインフェスタ

designfesta.com

  

images.

BTS … Film out Lyrics (방탄소년단/防弾少年団 Film out 日本語字幕 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics/Kan/Rom/Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

   

最新のお知らせ。

以下の僕のTシャツ。無料配布。

コロナの影響で、運送方法は国によって変わります。

 

1/25

一人目が決まりました。

それはドイツの人です。

m.flickr.com/photos/ute_kluge/favorites/

僕は心から感謝します。ありがとう。

:)

2020年12月3日。発送しました。

船便です。2ヶ月から3ヶ月を要します。

 

2/25

二人目はタイの女性です。

youpic.com/photographer/Abbozzo/

僕は彼女へ受け取って欲しいとお願いしました。

:)

2020年12月10日。発送しました。

船便です。2ヶ月から3ヶ月を要します。

 

3/25

3人目はメキシコの女性です。

www.facebook.com/OvejaDeSion

彼女はfotologの頃からずっと僕を支えてくれました。

彼女は僕の道案内をしてくれました。

ありがとう。

:)

2020年12月10日発送しました。

EMSです。たぶん1ヶ月から2ヶ月以内で到着します。

 

4/25

4人目は、セルビア共和国の女性です。

youpic.com/photographer/IvanaPopov/

2020年12月14日発送しました。

船便です。たぶん2ヶ月から3ヶ月以内で到着します。

:)

 

5/25

5人目は、インドネシアの男性です。

www.flickr.com/photos/33836533@N04/

2020年12月24日。発送しました。

EMSです。たぶん1ヶ月から2ヶ月以内で到着します。

1月8日。到着しました。

 

6/25

6人目は、フランスの方です。

youpic.com/image/18158054/ombre-chinoise-by-ce-pe

www.flickr.com/photos/191604817@N04/

2021年1月7日。

僕は発送しました。

:)

 

7/25

7人目も、フランスの方です。

www.flickr.com/photos/151630891@N07/

www.flickr.com/people/liveworkcreate/

2021年1月7日。

僕は発送しました。

:)

 

8/25

8人目の 方はルーマニアの方です。

www.flickr.com/photos/63mr/

2021年1月中に発送します。

:)

 

9/25

9人目は日本の方です。16歳です。

www.instagram.com/kai.kawazu/

受賞歴

2017 小国町フォトコンテスト2部門

2018 EPSONmeet up selectionデータ部門優秀賞

2020 熊本高文連前期写真コンテスト優秀賞

Webフォトコンテスト協賛メーカー賞

  

10/25

10人目は、ブラジルの方です。

www.flickr.com/photos/mangelo/

2021年2月中に発送します。

:)

 

11/25

11人目は、アメリカの方です。

youpic.com/photographer/HeathBrunner/

www.flickr.com/photos/181948650@N04/

 

vmaxrecords.bandcamp.com

soundcloud.com/vmaxrecords

 

2021年2月中に発送します。

:)

  

12/25

12人目は、イタリアの方です。

www.flickr.com/photos/122700703@N05/

youpic.com/photographer/raffadepa2019/

cacciatoredisogniblog.wordpress.com

2021年2月中に発送します。

 

13/25

13人目は、 ロシアの方です。

www.flickr.com/photos/183731920@N08/

youpic.com/photographer/Andjey/

2021年3月中に発送します。

 

14/25

14人目は、フィリピンの方です。

www.flickr.com/photos/44681455@N00/

youpic.com/photographer/Stitch/

2021年11月11日に発送しました。

  

Mitsu.

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

” Lot No.402_ ” に関するお知らせ。

  

今後、僕は、” Lot No.402_ ”を主催します。

 

このロットナンバーは、眠っていたレオナルドダヴィンチの作品がオークションにかけらた際に付されたものです。

作品にはサインなどがいっさい記されていなかったため、彼の作品だと断定できませんでした。

しかし、様々な鑑定の結果、陽の光を浴びました。

誰にも気づかれない作品。肩書がなくとも静かに語りかける作品。

僕はこれから様々な形で、多くの皆様に提供できるよう努めてゆきます。

 

2020年10月24日 by Mitsu - Nakagawa.

 

Copyright©︎2021 Lot No.402_ All rights reserved.

_________________________________

_________________________________

プロフィール

2014年11月、たった1機種で世界を塗り替えた携帯電話の広告を請け負った選考者の目に留まり、秘密保持同意書を結ぶ。

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

インタビューと小説。

僕の本について。

 

僕は、昔に本を出版しました。

その際に、僕のインタビューをPDFでネット上へアップロードしていました。

その日本語と英語。

 

僕は、無料でを公開します。

詳細は、アマゾンのサイトへ解説しました。

 

小説の書き方。

写真の撮影方法。

作品への距離感。

 

これらはすべて共通項があります。

僕は、僕が感じたことを文章にして、残しました。

 

僕のテキストが多くの人に読んでもらえることを望みます。

ありがとう。

 

Mitsushiro.

 

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

  

1 インタビュー 英語版

 

2 小説。unforgettable’ 英語版。

 

3 インタビュー 日本語版

 

4 小説。unforgettable’ 日本語版。(この小説は未来のアーティストへ捧げます)

(四百字詰め原稿用紙456枚)

 

 あらすじ

 大学を目指している北見ケイは、SNS上で、6歳年上のイベントコンパニオン、上村香織に出会う。

 上京してきた香織の夢は、有名なアーティストの友達になるためだ。

 そのためにはラジオ局のプロデューサー、大沢亮の存在が必要だった。

 大沢は、ラジオの生放送中、香織へ語りかける。

 「僕には妻子がある。しかし、僕は君に会いたいと思っている」

 ケイの同級生で、彼を想っている三條里香は、香織の動向を探っていた。。。。。

  

本編

 

人が海へ向かう理由には、二つある。

 ひとつは、波打ち際ではしゃぐ子供のように、今の瞬間の海の輝きを楽しむこと。

 もうひとつは、その輝きを静かに見据えて、過ぎ去った日々を懐かしむ老人のように記憶の埃を払うこと。

 二つは重なり合わないようではあるけれども、たったひとつの意味しか生まない。

 再生だ。

 明日っていう、曖昧な日を確実なものへと変えてゆくために、自分の存在に向き合う。

 それが再生の意味だ。

 

 十八歳だった僕には大切な人がいた。

 

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

  

5 流線形の軌跡。 日本語のみ。

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

iBooks.電子出版。(現在は無料)

 

0.about the iBooks.

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

1.unforgettable’ ( ENG.ver.)(This book is Dedicated to the future artist.)

itunes.apple.com/us/book/unforgettable/id1216576828?ls=1&...

For Japanese only.

 

2.unforgettable’ ( JNP.ver.)(この小説は未来のアーティストへ捧げます)

itunes.apple.com/us/book/unforgettable/id1216584262?ls=1&...

 

3.流線形の軌跡。

itunes.apple.com/us/book/%E6%B5%81%E7%B7%9A%E5%BD%A2%E3%8...

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

僕の小説。英語版 

My Novel Unforgettable' (This book is Dedicated to the future artist.)

 

Mitsushiro Nakagawa

All Translated by Yumi Ikeda .

www.fotolog.net/yuming/

   

1/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24577016535/in/dateposted...

2/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24209330259/in/dateposted...

3/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/23975215274/in/dateposted...

4/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24515964952/in/dateposted...

5/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24276473749/in/dateposted...

6/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24548895082/in/dateposted...

7/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24594603711/in/dateposted...

8/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24588215562/in/dateposted...

9/9

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/24100804163/in/dateposted...

Fin.

  

images.

U2 - No Line On The Horizon Live in Dublin

www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oKwnkYFsiE&feature=related

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Title of my book : unforgettable'

Author : Mitsushiro Nakagawa

Out Now.

 

ISBN978-4-86264-866-2

in Amazon.

www.amazon.co.jp/Unforgettable’-Mitsushiro-Nakagawa/dp/...

_________________________________

_________________________________

次の小説の予定。

Still would stand all time.(unforgettable'2)

(いつまでもなくならないだろう)

もう少し時間をください。それは日本語です。

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

2023年の展示

  

テーマ

カメラは時間にキスをする。

  

Mitsushiro - Nakagawa

  

2023年のスケジュールは不安定です。

以下の二つのいずれかを予定しています。

どちらも11月頃を予定しています。

  

僕は美術館を優先します。

 

1 こちらは、2023年に第1付属ギャラリーが解放されたら実施します。

場所

DIC川村記念美術館 第1付属ギャラリー

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

  

2 こちらは、予備として予定します。

場所

デザインフェスタ

designfesta.com

  

images.

BTS … Film out Lyrics (방탄소년단/防弾少年団 Film out 日本語字幕 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics/Kan/Rom/Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

   

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

僕の作品。

 

1 www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/48072442376/in/dateposted...

2 www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/48078949821/in/dateposted...

3 www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/48085863356/in/dateposted...

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

あなたは僕の声を聞きたいですか?

:)

 

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw

  

1

フリッカーへ投稿した写真の構図について。1種類目。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw

 

2

フリッカーへ投稿した写真の構図について。2種類目。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=443

 

3

Fotologを始めた時について。 建築家の視点。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=649

 

4

なぜ、今までカメラを手にしなかったのか?

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=708

 

5

何が一番かっこいいのか? 写真はありのままに。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=776

 

6

現在のユーチューバーについて。僕も伝え、残したい。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=964

 

7

日本人の写真家について。日本のユーチューバーはピストルズ。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1059

 

8

写真の構図は、感性。ミラノのデザイナーに会って。二つの質問。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1242

 

9

良い構図とは? 悪い構図とは?

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1482

 

10

カメラを向ける時とは? ファインダーやディスプレイを覗いていては遅い。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1662

 

11

家族写真。他人では撮れない。被写体の内面。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=1745

 

12

ユーチューブの写真家について。カメラの技術等。感性は、本を読むことで磨く。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=2144

 

13

日本の新聞について。良い新聞の写真はロイター。ダメな写真を見続けるとダメになる。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=2305

 

14

日本の写真家について。その展示について。

まとめ。僕が書いた小説など。僕が最も伝えたいこと。

youtu.be/b1o6Xf-Mjhw?t=2579

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

作品制作について 1/2

youtu.be/ZFjqUJn74kM

 

作品制作について 2/2

youtu.be/pZIbXmnXuCw

  

1 それまでの写真展。自分は行きたいと思ったか?

 

2 じゃ、自分が足を運んででも行きたい展示とは何か?

 

3 原宿デザインフェスタで個展を開くまでに、毎月ひとつの作品を展示することにチャレンジ。

 

4 作品とは、素材とシルエット。ファッションと似ている。

 

5 自分が好きなアーティストは誰か? どんなものなのか? そこをはっきりさせる。

 

6 コラージュの作成も写真の撮り方と全く同じ。インタビューに書いたように小説の書き方とも同じ。

 

7 誰かに見せたい、見せるがために作品は作らない。写真と同じように自分の部屋に飾りたい作品を目指す。

 

8 パクリとは何か? 昨今、叩かれるパクリ疑惑。ミメーシスとは?

 

  https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ミメーシス

  https://kotobank.jp/word/ミメーシス-139464

  

9 個性とはなにか? オリジナリティってなに?

 

おまけ 眞子さまについて

 

という流れです。

お時間がある方は是非聴いてください。

:)

 

www.youtube.com/user/mitsushiro/

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

構図の解説2

 

1.構図の解説2 ... 1/4

youtu.be/yVbvneBIMs8

 

2.構図の解説2 ... 2/4

youtu.be/LToFez9vOAw

 

3.構図の解説2 ... 3/4

youtu.be/uTR0wVi9Z7M

 

4.構図の解説2 ... 4/4

youtu.be/h2LjfU6Vvno

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

僕のシャッター感覚

 

youtu.be/3JkbGiFLjAM

 

In the Eurostar to Venice . 2005. shot ... 1 / 2

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/49127115021/in/dateposted...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Miles Davis sheet 1955-1976.

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

flickr.

www.flickr.com/photos/stealaway/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

YouTube.

www.youtube.com/user/mitsushiro/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

instagram.

www.instagram.com/mitsushiro_nakagawa/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Pinterest.

www.pinterest.jp/MitsushiroNakagawa/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

YouPic

youpic.com/photographer/mitsushironakagawa/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

fotolog

www.fotolog.com/stealaway/

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

twitter.

twitter.com/mitsushiro

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

facebook.

www.facebook.com/mitsushiro.nakagawa

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Amazon.

www.amazon.co.jp/gp/profile/amzn1.account.AHSKI3YMYPYE5UE...

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

僕の統計。(2021年5月11日現在)

youtu.be/UpezrGm4HYA

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

Japanese is the following.

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1vBRMWGk29EmsoBV2o9NM1LIVi...

 

Title of my book unforgettable' Mitsushiro Nakagawa Out Now. ISBN978-4-86264-866-2

 

Mitsu Nakagawa belong to Lot no.204_ . Copyright©︎2020 Lot no.204_ All rights reserved.

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

#小説 #文章の書き方 #小説の書き方

 

【 小説ってむずかしい? 】

youtu.be/KZgaWyNZkLA

 

ここでは自分が書いた以下の小説(掌編)を解説して、文章の組み方や流れなどを、一行ずつ、徹底的に解説しました。

わかりやすいように、初稿と最終稿の比較で解説しています。約2時間半もかけました😃😅

まずは最終稿を読んでいただけるとわかりやすいです。

 

小説(掌編)【 夏のはじまりは、すりガラスの向こうに 】

あらすじ

遠藤 シュン 22才と、同級生、関口香奈のお話。

シュンは商社へ就職し、7月からオーストラリアへ。海外赴任前に実家へ帰る。

 

images

Base Ball Bear --short hair

youtu.be/kDc2VebfUdktitle

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

” Lot No.402_ ” に関するお知らせ。

  

今後、僕は、” Lot No.402_ ”を主催します。

 

このロットナンバーは、眠っていたレオナルドダヴィンチの作品がオークションにかけらた際に付されたものです。

作品にはサインなどがいっさい記されていなかったため、彼の作品だと断定できませんでした。

しかし、様々な鑑定の結果、陽の光を浴びました。

誰にも気づかれない作品。肩書がなくとも静かに語りかける作品。

僕はこれから様々な形で、多くの皆様に提供できるよう努めてゆきます。

 

2020年10月24日 by Mitsu - Nakagawa.

 

Copyright©︎2020 Lot No.402_ All rights reserved.

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

_________________________________

_________________________________

  

Exhibition in 2023

  

theme

The camera kisses time.

  

Mitsushiro --Nakagawa

  

The schedule for 2023 is unstable.

I plan to do one of the following two.

Both are scheduled around November.

  

I give priority to museums.

  

1 This will be done when the 1st attached gallery is released in 2023.

place

DIC Kawamura Memorial Museum of Art 1st attached gallery

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

  

2 This is planned as a spare.

place

Design Festa

designfesta.com

  

images.

BTS… Film out Lyrics (방탄 소년단 / BTS Film out Japanese subtitles 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics / Kan / Rom / Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

  

2023年の展示

  

テーマ

カメラは時間にキスをする。

  

Mitsushiro - Nakagawa

  

2023年のスケジュールは不安定です。

以下の二つのいずれかを予定しています。

どちらも11月頃を予定しています。

  

僕は美術館を優先します。

 

1 こちらは、2023年に第1付属ギャラリーが解放されたら実施します。

場所

DIC川村記念美術館 第1付属ギャラリー

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

  

2 こちらは、予備として予定します。

場所

デザインフェスタ

designfesta.com

  

images.

BTS … Film out Lyrics (방탄소년단/防弾少年団 Film out 日本語字幕 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics/Kan/Rom/Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

 

_________________________________

_________________________________

 

#展示 #写真 #コラージュ #川村記念美術館 #Exhibition #Pic #kawamuramemorialdicmuseumofart #collage #BTS #Filmout #FUJIFILM #GFX50R

#富士フィルム #日本 #九十九里浜 #山武市 #本須賀海岸 #japan #kujyukuribeach #sanmushi #motosukabeach

  

#展示 #写真 #コラージュ #川村記念美術館 #Exhibition #Pic #kawamuramemorialdicmuseumofart #collage #BTS

#Filmout #FUJIFILM #GFX50R #富士フィルム

  

Exhibition in 2023

theme

The camera kisses time.

Mitsushiro - Nakagawa

place

Kawamura Memorial DIC Museum of Art 1st attached gallery

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

images.

BTS … Film out Lyrics (방탄소년단/防弾少年団 Film out 日本語字幕 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics/Kan/Rom/Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

  

2023年の展示

テーマ

カメラは時間にキスをする。

 

Mitsushiro - Nakagawa

 

場所

DIC川村記念美術館 第1付属ギャラリー

kawamura-museum.dic.co.jp/

 

images.

BTS … Film out Lyrics (방탄소년단/防弾少年団 Film out 日本語字幕 가사) [Color Coded Lyrics/Kan/Rom/Eng]

youtu.be/az_6PrN-biI

  

youtube has been updated.ユーチューブ更新しました

unforgettable”   iMovie / apple

Starring, filming, editing, directing, everything is me😅

主演、撮影、編集、監督、すべて僕です😅

youtu.be/Z5TFytkIDyA

   

Hi Guys! My store in Existence is finally opened -- so please drop on by and take a look and the things available. All releases are mesh items so you would need a mesh viewer to see it. To see if you have a compatible viewer, check out if the deer head in the store rezzes for you; if it doesn't, then please download either Viewer 3.0, Firestorm or Kristen!

Taxi to Beetlebones

Kamlapur Railway Station

Dhaka, Bangladesh

 

© ArchQuad Photography | 2014

www.archquadphotography.net

Ruo.  // Facebook  //Tumblr

 

see all series on Ruo./Facebook

 

只是試著很認真地去表達自己。

  

I try to express the existence and the perplexed emotion of mine in this

series.

I believe that a person can’t live without having the past, so I took the dress

of my childhood and the red umbrella given by my parents as the

connection between me and the past. Also, it can be seen as a symbolization

of mine.

Canon EF85mm f/1.2L II USM | Rollei Retro 80S | R09

Golegã, Portugal

............................................................................................................................

 

Private church of São João da Ventosa - 15th Century - at Golegã, Portugal

.........................................................................................................................................................

Despite the signs that indicate the existence of that heritage, the potential bidders may not visit the inside of the risk of ruin.

The Church of St. John of Suction (XV century), situated between the road and Golegã Azinhaga, remains in state of disrepair with the roof to show signs that it might fall at any time. The warning on the state of the religious building, a heritage of municipal and even national interest, was released lately to prevent its collapse.

Although rated by the municipality, the small chapel is private property which prevents the local authority to make any intervention on their own initiative. However, the mayor, Jose Veiga Maltez , confesses to being concerned about the current state of degradation of the monument. As the city's financial difficulties hinder the advance to an offer to purchase, there is no other possibility than to appeal to owners to undertake maintenance works on this heritage. The camera is limited to provide some materials.

However, the application can not respond positively. Ana Cristina Saldanha, one of the owners of that whole area, confesses that the hypothesis is difficult arrangements in the church as the family income that is not enough strip of land for investment. Moreover, the presence of storks that have made nests on the roof, preventing any action, since the animals "are protected by ecologists." According to the owner, are the storks that have caused major damage to the roof.

Successive rounds to the chapel are also a concern for the owners, who ordered the door lock. The thieves "took nothing, because they had nothing to carry," just left the baptismal font. Inside the church are only three graves of Christopher Zuzarte, wife and a daughter. However, Ana Cristina ensures that the Saldanha IPPAR - Portuguese Institute of Architectural Heritage, never showed interest in St. John's Ventosa, although the space has strong historical importance. The possibility of selling the monument is also rejected.

The state of disrepair that remains in the Church of St. John of Suction contrasts with the signs that are along the road and invite guests to the site.

The building escaped the 1755 earthquake

Moth and ornaments sixteenth century, the facade displays a portal round arch - to resemble the Romanesque style - flanked by two large barred windows. The style 'Manueline' is evident in stone carved in the shape of half spheres and braided ropes. Historical information about the church we found indicate that the coat, which you can see above the portico, belonged to the family Zuzarte, Saldanha of Rio Maior. However, the greatest treasure is a shield with the papal tiara that reads the inscription 'ICR (Roman Catholic) branch of St. John Lateran.' According to the story goes, the family Zuzarte have had great influence with the High Clergy since succeeded in the first half of the sixteenth century, the union of the sacrosanct church Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome, and then the church of St. John Pope received from the Windy special indulgences to be gained by the faithful to visit this temple on certain days of the year. However the 1755 earthquake destroyed the manor Zuzarte, but spared small church until the present day.

 

Battlefield 1 - Downsampled from ~15 MP, hotsampling! using SRWE; HattiWatti's Cinematic Tools, Lightroom

 

Processed with VSCO with c1 preset

I had to reload this one ... somehow it disappeared from flickr ( I did not do it ) I think that flickr may have been hacked ... similar things happened in the past ... again thank you all for your support !

Day 265. 19/03/2011

Life will have its share of storm and waves, but you have to stay put and be patient.

----

We went to the beachside to celebrate a friend's birthday. The weather wasn't too great for photos-quite foggy and overcast, but was quite serene for the inner sense.

Nijmegen, Netherlands.

 

Nijmegen is a city in the Dutch province of Gelderland, on the Waal river close to the German border. Nijmegen is the oldest city in the Netherlands, the first to be recognized as such in Roman times, and in 2005 celebrated 2,000 years of existence.

*Working Towards a Better World

 

"Peace is our gift to each other." - Elie Wisel

 

"When the power of love overcomes the love of power, the world will know peace." - Jimi Hendrix

 

"It is clear that the nations of the world now can only rise and fall together. It is not a question of one nation winning at the expense of another. We must all help one another or all perish together." - Carl Sagan

 

"The only alternative to coexistence is codestruction." - Jawaharlal Nehru

 

"By its existence, the Peace Movement denies that governments know best; it stands for a different order of priorities: the human race comes first." - Martha Gellhorn

 

"If we have no peace, it is because we have forgotten that we belong to each other." - Mother Teresa

 

"You can bomb the world into pieces, but you can't bomb it into peace." - Michael Franti

 

"Peace is a never ending process, the work of many decisions by many people in many countries. It is an attitude, a way of life, a way of solving problems and resolving conflicts. It cannot be forced on the smallest nation or enforced by the largest. It cannot ignore our differences or overlook our common interests. It requires us to work and live together." - Oscar Arias

 

"Making peace I have found, is much harder than making war." - Gerry Adams

 

"All we are saying is give peace a chance." - John Lennon

The existence of a fortification, in the form of a tower, is recorded here as early as 1069, but the present donjon dates from the 13th century, and this is the oldest extant part of the buildings.(fragment wikipedia).

Straight from the camera.

Gradually unfolding

Moment by moment

Creating perception

 

A lot of the air of melancholy in this room seems to emanate from the use of wired glass in all of its outside windows. This type of glazing is normally used as a fire barrier to separate two internal rooms or zones of a building to slow the spread of heat and flame. Its embedded wire mesh holds the glass together when it is subjected to high temperatures. Here it is used in outside windows and creates a caged effect.

 

The view out adds to the eerie atmosphere. The shape seen through the left hand window which looks a bit like a hilltop medieval castle is in fact a chimney stack with what is known as “louvred Bishop” type pots. The tower to the right is St Johns Beacon.

 

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Not the kind of wildlife you associate with ponds, but this is Africa.

my workshop on my Facebook just like ;-) Clic Here

  

my 500px Clic Here

 

Origins

Although there are no historical records that deal directly with the founding of Venice,[10] tradition and the available evidence have led several historians to agree that the original population of Venice consisted of refugees from Roman cities near Venice such as Padua, Aquileia, Treviso, Altino and Concordia (modern Portogruaro) and from the undefended countryside, who were fleeing successive waves of Germanic and Hun invasions.[11] Some late Roman sources reveal the existence of fishermen on the islands in the original marshy lagoons. They were referred to as incolae lacunae ("lagoon dwellers"). The traditional founding is identified with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo at the islet of Rialto (Rivoalto, "High Shore"), which is said to have been at the stroke of noon on 25 March 421.[12][13]

The last and most enduring immigration into the north of the Italian peninsula was that of the Lombards in 568, leaving the Eastern Roman Empire a small strip of coast in the current Veneto, including Venice. The Roman/Byzantine territory was organized as the Exarchate of Ravenna, administered from that ancient port and overseen by a viceroy (the Exarch) appointed by the Emperor in Constantinople, but Ravenna and Venice were connected only by sea routes and with the Venetians' isolated position came increasing autonomy. New ports were built, including those at Malamocco and Torcello in the Venetian lagoon. The tribuni maiores, the earliest central standing governing committee of the islands in the Lagoon, dated from c. 568.[14]

The traditional first doge of Venice, Paolo Lucio Anafesto, was actually Exarch Paul, and his successor, Marcello Tegalliano, Paul's magister militum (General; literally, "Master of Soldiers.") In 726 the soldiers and citizens of the Exarchate rose in a rebellion over the iconoclastic controversy at the urging of Pope Gregory II. The Exarch was murdered and many officials put to flight in the chaos. At about this time, the people of the lagoon elected their own leader for the first time, although the relationship of this ascent to the uprisings is not clear. Ursus would become the first of 117 "doges" (doge is the Venetian dialect development of the Latin dux ("leader"); the corresponding word in English is duke, in standard Italian duce.) Whatever his original views, Ursus supported Emperor Leo's successful military expedition to recover Ravenna, sending both men and ships. In recognition, Venice was "granted numerous privileges and concessions" and Ursus, who had personally taken the field, was confirmed by Leo as dux[15] and given the added title of hypatus (Greek for "Consul".)[16]

In 751, the Lombard King Aistulf conquered most of the Exarchate of Ravenna, leaving Venice a lonely and increasingly autonomous Byzantine outpost. During this period, the seat of the local Byzantine governor (the "duke/dux", later "doge"), was situated in Malamocco. Settlement on the islands in the lagoon probably increased in correspondence with the Lombard conquest of other Byzantine territories as refugees sought asylum in the lagoon city. In 775/776, the episcopal seat of Olivolo (Helipolis) was created. During the reign of duke Agnello Particiaco (811–827), the ducal seat was moved from Malamocco to the highly protected Rialto, the current location of Venice. The monastery of St. Zachary and the first ducal palace and basilica of St. Mark, as well as a walled defense (civitatis murus) between Olivolo and Rialto, were subsequently built here. Winged lions, which may be seen throughout Venice, are a symbol for St. Mark.

Charlemagne sought to subdue the city to his own rule. He ordered the Pope to expel the Venetians from the Pentapolis along the Adriatic coast,[17] and Charlemagne's own son Pepin of Italy, king of the Lombards under the authority of his father, embarked on a siege of Venice itself. This, however, proved a costly failure. The siege lasted six months, with Pepin's army ravaged by the diseases of the local swamps and eventually forced to withdraw. A few months later, Pepin himself died, apparently as a result of a disease contracted there. In the aftermath, an agreement between Charlemagne and Nicephorus in 814 recognized Venice as Byzantine territory and granted the city trading rights along the Adriatic coast.

In 828, the new city's prestige was raised by the acquisition of the claimed relics of St. Mark the Evangelist from Alexandria, which were placed in the new basilica. The patriarchal seat was also moved to Rialto. As the community continued to develop and as Byzantine power waned, it led to the growth of autonomy and eventual independence.[18]

Expansion

 

Piazza San Marco in Venice, with St Mark's Campanile and Basilica in the background

  

These Horses of Saint Mark are a replica of the Triumphal Quadriga captured in Constantinople in 1204 and carried to Venice as a trophy.

From the 9th to the 12th century, Venice developed into a city state (an Italian thalassocracy or Repubblica Marinara, the other three being Genoa, Pisa, and Amalfi). Its strategic position at the head of the Adriatic made Venetian naval and commercial power almost invulnerable. With the elimination of pirates along the Dalmatian coast, the city became a flourishing trade center between Western Europe and the rest of the world (especially the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic world).

The Republic of Venice seized a number of places on the eastern shores of the Adriatic before 1200, mostly for commercial reasons, because pirates based there were a menace to trade. The Doge already carried the titles of Duke of Dalmatia and Duke of Istria. Later mainland possessions, which extended across Lake Garda as far west as the Adda River, were known as the "Terraferma", and were acquired partly as a buffer against belligerent neighbours, partly to guarantee Alpine trade routes, and partly to ensure the supply of mainland wheat, on which the city depended. In building its maritime commercial empire, the Republic dominated the trade in salt,[19] acquired control of most of the islands in the Aegean, including Cyprus and Crete, and became a major power-broker in the Near East. By the standards of the time, Venice's stewardship of its mainland territories was relatively enlightened and the citizens of such towns as Bergamo, Brescia and Verona rallied to the defence of Venetian sovereignty when it was threatened by invaders.

Venice remained closely associated with Constantinople, being twice granted trading privileges in the Eastern Roman Empire, through the so-called Golden Bulls or 'chrysobulls' in return for aiding the Eastern Empire to resist Norman and Turkish incursions. In the first chrysobull, Venice acknowledged its homage to the Empire but not in the second, reflecting the decline of Byzantium and the rise of Venice's power.[20][21]

Venice became an imperial power following the Fourth Crusade, which, having veered off course, culminated in 1204 by capturing and sacking Constantinople and establishing the Latin Empire. As a result of this conquest, considerable Byzantine plunder was brought back to Venice. This plunder included the gilt bronze horses from the Hippodrome of Constantinople, which were originally placed above the entrance to St Mark's cathedral in Venice, although the originals have been replaced with replicas and are now stored within the basilica. Following the fall of Constantinople, the former Roman Empire was partitioned among the Latin crusaders and the Venetians. Venice subsequently carved out a sphere of influence in the Mediterranean known as the Duchy of the Archipelago, and captured Crete.[22]

The seizure of Constantinople would ultimately prove as decisive a factor in ending the Byzantine Empire as the loss of the Anatolian themes after Manzikert. Although the Byzantines recovered control of the ravaged city a half century later, the Byzantine Empire was terminally weakened, and existed as a ghost of its old self until Sultan Mehmet The Conqueror took the city in 1453.

  

View of San Giorgio Maggiore Island from St. Mark's Campanile

Situated on the Adriatic Sea, Venice always traded extensively with the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim world. By the late 13th century, Venice was the most prosperous city in all of Europe. At the peak of its power and wealth, it had 36,000 sailors operating 3,300 ships, dominating Mediterranean commerce. During this time, Venice's leading families vied with each other to build the grandest palaces and support the work of the greatest and most talented artists. The city was governed by the Great Council, which was made up of members of the noble families of Venice. The Great Council appointed all public officials and elected a Senate of 200 to 300 individuals. Since this group was too large for efficient administration, a Council of Ten (also called the Ducal Council or the Signoria), controlled much of the administration of the city. One member of the great council was elected "Doge", or duke, the ceremonial head of the city, who normally held the title until his death.

The Venetian governmental structure was similar in some ways to the republican system of ancient Rome, with an elected chief executive (the Doge), a senate-like assembly of nobles, and a mass of citizens with limited political power, who originally had the power to grant or withhold their approval of each newly elected Doge. Church and various private properties were tied to military service, although there was no knight tenure within the city itself. The Cavalieri di San Marco was the only order of chivalry ever instituted in Venice, and no citizen could accept or join a foreign order without the government's consent. Venice remained a republic throughout its independent period, and politics and the military were kept separate, except when on occasion the Doge personally headed the military. War was regarded as a continuation of commerce by other means (hence, the city's early production of large numbers of mercenaries for service elsewhere, and later its reliance on foreign mercenaries when the ruling class was preoccupied with commerce).

  

Francesco Guardi, The Grand Canal, 1760 (Art Institute of Chicago)

The chief executive was the Doge, who theoretically held his elective office for life. In practice, several Doges were forced by pressure from their oligarchical peers to resign the office and retire into monastic seclusion when they were felt to have been discredited by perceived political failure.

Although the people of Venice generally remained orthodox Roman Catholics, the state of Venice was notable for its freedom from religious fanaticism and it enacted not a single execution for religious heresy during the Counter-Reformation. This apparent lack of zeal contributed to Venice's frequent conflicts with the Papacy. In this context, the writings of the Anglican Divine, William Bedell, are particularly illuminating. Venice was threatened with the interdict on a number of occasions and twice suffered its imposition. The second, most famous, occasion was in 1606, by order of Pope Paul V.

Venetian ambassadors sent home still-extant secret reports of the politics and rumours of European courts, providing fascinating information to modern historians.

The newly invented German printing press spread rapidly throughout Europe in the 15th century, and Venice was quick to adopt it. By 1482, Venice was the printing capital of the world, and the leading printer was Aldus Manutius, who invented the concept of paperback books that could be carried in a saddlebag. His Aldine Editions included translations of nearly all the known Greek manuscripts of the era.[23]

Decline

 

The Grand Canal in Venice

Venice's long decline started in the 15th century, when it first made an unsuccessful attempt to hold Thessalonica against the Ottomans (1423–1430). It also sent ships to help defend Constantinople against the besieging Turks (1453). After Constantinople fell to Sultan Mehmet II he declared war on Venice. The war lasted thirty years and cost Venice much of its eastern Mediterranean possessions. Next, Christopher Columbus discovered the New World. Then Portugal found a sea route to India, destroying Venice's land route monopoly. France, England and the Dutch Republic followed them. Venice's oared galleys were at a disadvantage when it came to traversing the great oceans, and therefore Venice was left behind in the race for colonies.

The Black Death devastated Venice in 1348 and once again between 1575 and 1577.[24] In three years the plague killed some 50,000 people.[25] In 1630, the plague killed a third of Venice's 150,000 citizens.[26] Venice began to lose its position as a center of international trade during the later part of the Renaissance as Portugal became Europe's principal intermediary in the trade with the East, striking at the very foundation of Venice's great wealth, while France and Spain fought for hegemony over Italy in the Italian Wars, marginalising its political influence. However, the Venetian empire was a major exporter of agricultural products and, until the mid-18th century, a significant manufacturing center.

Modern age[edit source | editbeta]

  

A map of the sestiere of San Marco

The Republic lost independence when Napoleon Bonaparte conquered Venice on 12 May 1797 during the First Coalition. The French conqueror brought to an end the most fascinating century of its history: during the 18th century, Venice became perhaps the most elegant and refined city in Europe, greatly influencing art, architecture and literature. Napoleon was seen as something of a liberator by the city's Jewish population, although it can be argued they had lived with fewer restrictions in Venice. He removed the gates of the Ghetto and ended the restrictions on when and where Jews could live and travel in the city.

Venice became Austrian territory when Napoleon signed the Treaty of Campo Formio on 12 October 1797. The Austrians took control of the city on 18 January 1798. It was taken from Austria by the Treaty of Pressburg in 1805 and became part of Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy, but was returned to Austria following Napoleon's defeat in 1814, when it became part of the Austrian-held Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. In 1848–1849, a revolt briefly reestablished the Venetian Republic under Daniele Manin. In 1866, following the Third Italian War of Independence, Venice, along with the rest of the Veneto, became part of the newly created Kingdom of Italy.

During the Second World War, the historic city was largely free from attack, the only aggressive effort of note being Operation Bowler, a successful Royal Air Force precision strike on the German naval operations there in March 1945. The targets were destroyed with virtually no architectural damage done the city itself.[27] However the industrial areas in Mestre and Marghera and the railway lines to Padua, Trieste and Trento were repeatedly bombed.[28] On 29 April 1945, New Zealand troops under Freyberg reached Venice and relieved the city and the mainland, which were already in partisan hands.[29]

Subsidence[edit source | editbeta]

Further information: Acqua alta

  

Acqua alta or high water in Venice.

  

Venice and surroundings in false colour, from Terra. The picture is oriented with North at the top.

Foundations

The buildings of Venice are constructed on closely spaced wooden piles. Most of these piles are still intact after centuries of submersion. The foundations rest on the piles, and buildings of brick or stone sit above these footings. The piles penetrate a softer layer of sand and mud until they reach a much harder layer of compressed clay.

Submerged by water, in oxygen-poor conditions, wood does not decay as rapidly as on the surface.

Most of these piles were made from trunks of alder trees,[30] a wood noted for its water resistance.[31] The alder came from the westernmost part of today's Slovenia (resulting in the barren land of the Kras region), in two regions of Croatia, Lika and Gorski kotar (resulting in the barren slopes of Velebit) and south of Montenegro.[citation needed] Leonid Grigoriev has stated that Russian larch was imported to build some of Venice's foundations.[32] Larch is also used in the production of Venice turpentine.[33]

History[edit source | editbeta]

The city is often threatened by flood tides pushing in from the Adriatic between autumn and early spring. Six hundred years ago, Venetians protected themselves from land-based attacks by diverting all the major rivers flowing into the lagoon and thus preventing sediment from filling the area around the city. This created an ever-deeper lagoon environment.

In 1604, to defray the cost of flood relief, Venice introduced what could be considered the first example of a 'stamp tax'. When the revenue fell short of expectations in 1608, Venice introduced paper with the superscription 'AQ' and imprinted instructions, which was to be used for 'letters to officials'. At first, this was to be a temporary tax, but it remained in effect until the fall of the Republic in 1797. Shortly after the introduction of the tax, Spain produced similar paper for general taxation purposes, and the practice spread to other countries.

During the 20th century, when many artesian wells were sunk into the periphery of the lagoon to draw water for local industry, Venice began to subside. It was realised that extraction of water from the aquifer was the cause. The sinking has slowed markedly since artesian wells were banned in the 1960s. However, the city is still threatened by more frequent low-level floods (called Acqua alta, "high water") that creep to a height of several centimetres over its quays, regularly following certain tides. In many old houses, the former staircases used to unload goods are now flooded, rendering the former ground floor uninhabitable.

Some recent studies have suggested that the city is no longer sinking,[34][35] but this is not yet certain; therefore, a state of alert has not been revoked. In May 2003, the Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi inaugurated the MOSE project (Modulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico), an experimental model for evaluating the performance of hollow floatable gates; the idea is to fix a series of 78 hollow pontoons to the sea bed across the three entrances to the lagoon. When tides are predicted to rise above 110 centimetres, the pontoons will be filled with air, causing them to float and block the incoming water from the Adriatic Sea. This engineering work is due to be completed by 2014.[36]

Geography

  

Sestieri of Venice:

Cannaregio

Castello

Dorsoduro

San Marco

San Polo

Santa Croce

The historical city is divided into six areas or "sestiere" (while the whole comune (municipality) is divided into 6 boroughs of which one is composed of all 6 sestiere). These are Cannaregio, San Polo, Dorsoduro (including the Giudecca and Isola Sacca Fisola), Santa Croce, San Marco (including San Giorgio Maggiore) and Castello (including San Pietro di Castello and Sant'Elena). Each sestiere was administered by a procurator and his staff. Nowadays each sestiere is a statistic and historical area without any degree of autonomy.

These districts consist of parishes – initially seventy in 1033, but reduced under Napoleon and now numbering just thirty-eight. These parishes predate the sestieri, which were created in about 1170.

Other islands of the Venetian Lagoon do not form part of any of the sestieri, having historically enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy.

Each sestiere has its own house numbering system. Each house has a unique number in the district, from one to several thousand, generally numbered from one corner of the area to another, but not usually in a readily understandable manner.

 

Climate

 

According to the Köppen climate classification, Venice has a Humid subtropical climate (Cfa), with cool winters and very warm summers. The 24-hour average in January is 2.5 °C (36.5 °F), and for July this figure is 22.7 °C (72.9 °F). Precipitation is spread relatively evenly throughout the year, and averages 801 millimetres (31.5 in).

The secrets of Venice: the existence and location of this pink marble portal is one of the city’s best–kept secrets.

 

As you can see, it is located in a humble and otherwise completely unremarkable sottoportego, (literally, “underpass”) one of those corridors at ground level under a building, giving access to the nearest canal. There is absolutely no reason whatsoever for such a delicate (and costly!) archway to have been built (and still exist!) in this place, where it serves no structural purpose at all, and isn’t even seen by people... except those who already know it’s there, of course.

 

Well, legend has it that it is in fact a time portal, and that walking through it at Full Moon (or is it New Moon?) in a certain manner will transport you back in time... and maybe bring you back again the same way, although legend remains oddly silent on that particular point.

Phillipines, October 2011

© Ioannis Lelakis - www.lelakis.com

 

www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPK67Px8sR8

 

(sorry for the long inactivity here)

 

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Origins

Although there are no historical records that deal directly with the founding of Venice,[10] tradition and the available evidence have led several historians to agree that the original population of Venice consisted of refugees from Roman cities near Venice such as Padua, Aquileia, Treviso, Altino and Concordia (modern Portogruaro) and from the undefended countryside, who were fleeing successive waves of Germanic and Hun invasions.[11] Some late Roman sources reveal the existence of fishermen on the islands in the original marshy lagoons. They were referred to as incolae lacunae ("lagoon dwellers"). The traditional founding is identified with the dedication of the first church, that of San Giacomo at the islet of Rialto (Rivoalto, "High Shore"), which is said to have been at the stroke of noon on 25 March 421.[12][13]

The last and most enduring immigration into the north of the Italian peninsula was that of the Lombards in 568, leaving the Eastern Roman Empire a small strip of coast in the current Veneto, including Venice. The Roman/Byzantine territory was organized as the Exarchate of Ravenna, administered from that ancient port and overseen by a viceroy (the Exarch) appointed by the Emperor in Constantinople, but Ravenna and Venice were connected only by sea routes and with the Venetians' isolated position came increasing autonomy. New ports were built, including those at Malamocco and Torcello in the Venetian lagoon. The tribuni maiores, the earliest central standing governing committee of the islands in the Lagoon, dated from c. 568.[14]

The traditional first doge of Venice, Paolo Lucio Anafesto, was actually Exarch Paul, and his successor, Marcello Tegalliano, Paul's magister militum (General; literally, "Master of Soldiers.") In 726 the soldiers and citizens of the Exarchate rose in a rebellion over the iconoclastic controversy at the urging of Pope Gregory II. The Exarch was murdered and many officials put to flight in the chaos. At about this time, the people of the lagoon elected their own leader for the first time, although the relationship of this ascent to the uprisings is not clear. Ursus would become the first of 117 "doges" (doge is the Venetian dialect development of the Latin dux ("leader"); the corresponding word in English is duke, in standard Italian duce.) Whatever his original views, Ursus supported Emperor Leo's successful military expedition to recover Ravenna, sending both men and ships. In recognition, Venice was "granted numerous privileges and concessions" and Ursus, who had personally taken the field, was confirmed by Leo as dux[15] and given the added title of hypatus (Greek for "Consul".)[16]

In 751, the Lombard King Aistulf conquered most of the Exarchate of Ravenna, leaving Venice a lonely and increasingly autonomous Byzantine outpost. During this period, the seat of the local Byzantine governor (the "duke/dux", later "doge"), was situated in Malamocco. Settlement on the islands in the lagoon probably increased in correspondence with the Lombard conquest of other Byzantine territories as refugees sought asylum in the lagoon city. In 775/776, the episcopal seat of Olivolo (Helipolis) was created. During the reign of duke Agnello Particiaco (811–827), the ducal seat was moved from Malamocco to the highly protected Rialto, the current location of Venice. The monastery of St. Zachary and the first ducal palace and basilica of St. Mark, as well as a walled defense (civitatis murus) between Olivolo and Rialto, were subsequently built here. Winged lions, which may be seen throughout Venice, are a symbol for St. Mark.

Charlemagne sought to subdue the city to his own rule. He ordered the Pope to expel the Venetians from the Pentapolis along the Adriatic coast,[17] and Charlemagne's own son Pepin of Italy, king of the Lombards under the authority of his father, embarked on a siege of Venice itself. This, however, proved a costly failure. The siege lasted six months, with Pepin's army ravaged by the diseases of the local swamps and eventually forced to withdraw. A few months later, Pepin himself died, apparently as a result of a disease contracted there. In the aftermath, an agreement between Charlemagne and Nicephorus in 814 recognized Venice as Byzantine territory and granted the city trading rights along the Adriatic coast.

In 828, the new city's prestige was raised by the acquisition of the claimed relics of St. Mark the Evangelist from Alexandria, which were placed in the new basilica. The patriarchal seat was also moved to Rialto. As the community continued to develop and as Byzantine power waned, it led to the growth of autonomy and eventual independence.[18]

Expansion

 

Piazza San Marco in Venice, with St Mark's Campanile and Basilica in the background

  

These Horses of Saint Mark are a replica of the Triumphal Quadriga captured in Constantinople in 1204 and carried to Venice as a trophy.

From the 9th to the 12th century, Venice developed into a city state (an Italian thalassocracy or Repubblica Marinara, the other three being Genoa, Pisa, and Amalfi). Its strategic position at the head of the Adriatic made Venetian naval and commercial power almost invulnerable. With the elimination of pirates along the Dalmatian coast, the city became a flourishing trade center between Western Europe and the rest of the world (especially the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic world).

The Republic of Venice seized a number of places on the eastern shores of the Adriatic before 1200, mostly for commercial reasons, because pirates based there were a menace to trade. The Doge already carried the titles of Duke of Dalmatia and Duke of Istria. Later mainland possessions, which extended across Lake Garda as far west as the Adda River, were known as the "Terraferma", and were acquired partly as a buffer against belligerent neighbours, partly to guarantee Alpine trade routes, and partly to ensure the supply of mainland wheat, on which the city depended. In building its maritime commercial empire, the Republic dominated the trade in salt,[19] acquired control of most of the islands in the Aegean, including Cyprus and Crete, and became a major power-broker in the Near East. By the standards of the time, Venice's stewardship of its mainland territories was relatively enlightened and the citizens of such towns as Bergamo, Brescia and Verona rallied to the defence of Venetian sovereignty when it was threatened by invaders.

Venice remained closely associated with Constantinople, being twice granted trading privileges in the Eastern Roman Empire, through the so-called Golden Bulls or 'chrysobulls' in return for aiding the Eastern Empire to resist Norman and Turkish incursions. In the first chrysobull, Venice acknowledged its homage to the Empire but not in the second, reflecting the decline of Byzantium and the rise of Venice's power.[20][21]

Venice became an imperial power following the Fourth Crusade, which, having veered off course, culminated in 1204 by capturing and sacking Constantinople and establishing the Latin Empire. As a result of this conquest, considerable Byzantine plunder was brought back to Venice. This plunder included the gilt bronze horses from the Hippodrome of Constantinople, which were originally placed above the entrance to St Mark's cathedral in Venice, although the originals have been replaced with replicas and are now stored within the basilica. Following the fall of Constantinople, the former Roman Empire was partitioned among the Latin crusaders and the Venetians. Venice subsequently carved out a sphere of influence in the Mediterranean known as the Duchy of the Archipelago, and captured Crete.[22]

The seizure of Constantinople would ultimately prove as decisive a factor in ending the Byzantine Empire as the loss of the Anatolian themes after Manzikert. Although the Byzantines recovered control of the ravaged city a half century later, the Byzantine Empire was terminally weakened, and existed as a ghost of its old self until Sultan Mehmet The Conqueror took the city in 1453.

  

View of San Giorgio Maggiore Island from St. Mark's Campanile

Situated on the Adriatic Sea, Venice always traded extensively with the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim world. By the late 13th century, Venice was the most prosperous city in all of Europe. At the peak of its power and wealth, it had 36,000 sailors operating 3,300 ships, dominating Mediterranean commerce. During this time, Venice's leading families vied with each other to build the grandest palaces and support the work of the greatest and most talented artists. The city was governed by the Great Council, which was made up of members of the noble families of Venice. The Great Council appointed all public officials and elected a Senate of 200 to 300 individuals. Since this group was too large for efficient administration, a Council of Ten (also called the Ducal Council or the Signoria), controlled much of the administration of the city. One member of the great council was elected "Doge", or duke, the ceremonial head of the city, who normally held the title until his death.

The Venetian governmental structure was similar in some ways to the republican system of ancient Rome, with an elected chief executive (the Doge), a senate-like assembly of nobles, and a mass of citizens with limited political power, who originally had the power to grant or withhold their approval of each newly elected Doge. Church and various private properties were tied to military service, although there was no knight tenure within the city itself. The Cavalieri di San Marco was the only order of chivalry ever instituted in Venice, and no citizen could accept or join a foreign order without the government's consent. Venice remained a republic throughout its independent period, and politics and the military were kept separate, except when on occasion the Doge personally headed the military. War was regarded as a continuation of commerce by other means (hence, the city's early production of large numbers of mercenaries for service elsewhere, and later its reliance on foreign mercenaries when the ruling class was preoccupied with commerce).

  

Francesco Guardi, The Grand Canal, 1760 (Art Institute of Chicago)

The chief executive was the Doge, who theoretically held his elective office for life. In practice, several Doges were forced by pressure from their oligarchical peers to resign the office and retire into monastic seclusion when they were felt to have been discredited by perceived political failure.

Although the people of Venice generally remained orthodox Roman Catholics, the state of Venice was notable for its freedom from religious fanaticism and it enacted not a single execution for religious heresy during the Counter-Reformation. This apparent lack of zeal contributed to Venice's frequent conflicts with the Papacy. In this context, the writings of the Anglican Divine, William Bedell, are particularly illuminating. Venice was threatened with the interdict on a number of occasions and twice suffered its imposition. The second, most famous, occasion was in 1606, by order of Pope Paul V.

Venetian ambassadors sent home still-extant secret reports of the politics and rumours of European courts, providing fascinating information to modern historians.

The newly invented German printing press spread rapidly throughout Europe in the 15th century, and Venice was quick to adopt it. By 1482, Venice was the printing capital of the world, and the leading printer was Aldus Manutius, who invented the concept of paperback books that could be carried in a saddlebag. His Aldine Editions included translations of nearly all the known Greek manuscripts of the era.[23]

Decline

 

The Grand Canal in Venice

Venice's long decline started in the 15th century, when it first made an unsuccessful attempt to hold Thessalonica against the Ottomans (1423–1430). It also sent ships to help defend Constantinople against the besieging Turks (1453). After Constantinople fell to Sultan Mehmet II he declared war on Venice. The war lasted thirty years and cost Venice much of its eastern Mediterranean possessions. Next, Christopher Columbus discovered the New World. Then Portugal found a sea route to India, destroying Venice's land route monopoly. France, England and the Dutch Republic followed them. Venice's oared galleys were at a disadvantage when it came to traversing the great oceans, and therefore Venice was left behind in the race for colonies.

The Black Death devastated Venice in 1348 and once again between 1575 and 1577.[24] In three years the plague killed some 50,000 people.[25] In 1630, the plague killed a third of Venice's 150,000 citizens.[26] Venice began to lose its position as a center of international trade during the later part of the Renaissance as Portugal became Europe's principal intermediary in the trade with the East, striking at the very foundation of Venice's great wealth, while France and Spain fought for hegemony over Italy in the Italian Wars, marginalising its political influence. However, the Venetian empire was a major exporter of agricultural products and, until the mid-18th century, a significant manufacturing center.

Modern age[edit source | editbeta]

  

A map of the sestiere of San Marco

The Republic lost independence when Napoleon Bonaparte conquered Venice on 12 May 1797 during the First Coalition. The French conqueror brought to an end the most fascinating century of its history: during the 18th century, Venice became perhaps the most elegant and refined city in Europe, greatly influencing art, architecture and literature. Napoleon was seen as something of a liberator by the city's Jewish population, although it can be argued they had lived with fewer restrictions in Venice. He removed the gates of the Ghetto and ended the restrictions on when and where Jews could live and travel in the city.

Venice became Austrian territory when Napoleon signed the Treaty of Campo Formio on 12 October 1797. The Austrians took control of the city on 18 January 1798. It was taken from Austria by the Treaty of Pressburg in 1805 and became part of Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy, but was returned to Austria following Napoleon's defeat in 1814, when it became part of the Austrian-held Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. In 1848–1849, a revolt briefly reestablished the Venetian Republic under Daniele Manin. In 1866, following the Third Italian War of Independence, Venice, along with the rest of the Veneto, became part of the newly created Kingdom of Italy.

During the Second World War, the historic city was largely free from attack, the only aggressive effort of note being Operation Bowler, a successful Royal Air Force precision strike on the German naval operations there in March 1945. The targets were destroyed with virtually no architectural damage done the city itself.[27] However the industrial areas in Mestre and Marghera and the railway lines to Padua, Trieste and Trento were repeatedly bombed.[28] On 29 April 1945, New Zealand troops under Freyberg reached Venice and relieved the city and the mainland, which were already in partisan hands.[29]

Subsidence[edit source | editbeta]

Further information: Acqua alta

  

Acqua alta or high water in Venice.

  

Venice and surroundings in false colour, from Terra. The picture is oriented with North at the top.

Foundations

The buildings of Venice are constructed on closely spaced wooden piles. Most of these piles are still intact after centuries of submersion. The foundations rest on the piles, and buildings of brick or stone sit above these footings. The piles penetrate a softer layer of sand and mud until they reach a much harder layer of compressed clay.

Submerged by water, in oxygen-poor conditions, wood does not decay as rapidly as on the surface.

Most of these piles were made from trunks of alder trees,[30] a wood noted for its water resistance.[31] The alder came from the westernmost part of today's Slovenia (resulting in the barren land of the Kras region), in two regions of Croatia, Lika and Gorski kotar (resulting in the barren slopes of Velebit) and south of Montenegro.[citation needed] Leonid Grigoriev has stated that Russian larch was imported to build some of Venice's foundations.[32] Larch is also used in the production of Venice turpentine.[33]

History[edit source | editbeta]

The city is often threatened by flood tides pushing in from the Adriatic between autumn and early spring. Six hundred years ago, Venetians protected themselves from land-based attacks by diverting all the major rivers flowing into the lagoon and thus preventing sediment from filling the area around the city. This created an ever-deeper lagoon environment.

In 1604, to defray the cost of flood relief, Venice introduced what could be considered the first example of a 'stamp tax'. When the revenue fell short of expectations in 1608, Venice introduced paper with the superscription 'AQ' and imprinted instructions, which was to be used for 'letters to officials'. At first, this was to be a temporary tax, but it remained in effect until the fall of the Republic in 1797. Shortly after the introduction of the tax, Spain produced similar paper for general taxation purposes, and the practice spread to other countries.

During the 20th century, when many artesian wells were sunk into the periphery of the lagoon to draw water for local industry, Venice began to subside. It was realised that extraction of water from the aquifer was the cause. The sinking has slowed markedly since artesian wells were banned in the 1960s. However, the city is still threatened by more frequent low-level floods (called Acqua alta, "high water") that creep to a height of several centimetres over its quays, regularly following certain tides. In many old houses, the former staircases used to unload goods are now flooded, rendering the former ground floor uninhabitable.

Some recent studies have suggested that the city is no longer sinking,[34][35] but this is not yet certain; therefore, a state of alert has not been revoked. In May 2003, the Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi inaugurated the MOSE project (Modulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico), an experimental model for evaluating the performance of hollow floatable gates; the idea is to fix a series of 78 hollow pontoons to the sea bed across the three entrances to the lagoon. When tides are predicted to rise above 110 centimetres, the pontoons will be filled with air, causing them to float and block the incoming water from the Adriatic Sea. This engineering work is due to be completed by 2014.[36]

Geography

  

Sestieri of Venice:

Cannaregio

Castello

Dorsoduro

San Marco

San Polo

Santa Croce

The historical city is divided into six areas or "sestiere" (while the whole comune (municipality) is divided into 6 boroughs of which one is composed of all 6 sestiere). These are Cannaregio, San Polo, Dorsoduro (including the Giudecca and Isola Sacca Fisola), Santa Croce, San Marco (including San Giorgio Maggiore) and Castello (including San Pietro di Castello and Sant'Elena). Each sestiere was administered by a procurator and his staff. Nowadays each sestiere is a statistic and historical area without any degree of autonomy.

These districts consist of parishes – initially seventy in 1033, but reduced under Napoleon and now numbering just thirty-eight. These parishes predate the sestieri, which were created in about 1170.

Other islands of the Venetian Lagoon do not form part of any of the sestieri, having historically enjoyed a considerable degree of autonomy.

Each sestiere has its own house numbering system. Each house has a unique number in the district, from one to several thousand, generally numbered from one corner of the area to another, but not usually in a readily understandable manner.

 

Climate

 

According to the Köppen climate classification, Venice has a Humid subtropical climate (Cfa), with cool winters and very warm summers. The 24-hour average in January is 2.5 °C (36.5 °F), and for July this figure is 22.7 °C (72.9 °F). Precipitation is spread relatively evenly throughout the year, and averages 801 millimetres (31.5 in).

“What should I have known or written had I been a quiet,

mercantile politician or a lord in waiting?

A man must travel, and turmoil, or there is no existence.”

~Lord Byron

 

~Dedicated to ALL of you, US, going thru hard times...money problems...housing issues...life changes...internal struggles...moral issues...children issues...health problems...EVERYTHING! We will all come out the other side...have FAITH! ~

Kuakata, Bangladesh, 2015

 

Both natures and us are in a war, a war to keep our existence on this planet.

Location: Barisal, Bangladesh.

© Saiyan, [saaiyan@ovi.com]

 

# Advance thx for checking my photography.

# No graphics n animation plz.

"When did that dreadful Mask first look at me? Who put it on, and why was I so frightened that the sight of it is an era in my life? It is not a hideous visage in itself; it is even meant to be droll, why then were its stolid features so intolerable? Surely not because it hid the wearer's face. An apron would have done as much; and though I should have preferred even the apron away, it would not have been absolutely insupportable, like the mask. Was it the immovability of the mask?

...Perhaps that fixed and set change coming over a real face, infused into my quickened heart some remote suggestion and dread of the universal change that is to come on every face, and make it still? Nothing reconciled me to it. No drummers, from whom proceeded a melancholy chirping on the turning of a handle; no regiment of soldiers, with a mute band, taken out of a box, and fitted, one by one, upon a stiff and lazy little set of lazy-tongs; no old woman, made of wires and a brown-paper composition, cutting up a pie for two small children; could give me a permanent comfort, for a long time. Nor was it any satisfaction to be shown the Mask, and see that it was made of paper, or to have it locked up and be assured that no one wore it. The mere recollection of that fixed face, the mere knowledge of its existence anywhere, was sufficient to awake me in the night all perspiration and horror, with, "O I know it's coming! O the mask!"

 

~Charles Dickens, A Christmas Tree

Oh, don't let's ask for the moon. We've already got the stars -Bette Davis

 

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#culture #social #critical #descriptive #interpretive #urban #USA #sight #observer #culture #depthoffield #insight #essential #alienskinexposure

 

A6500737-Exposure_1

 

My existence is a victory.

 

If you really love the dolls,each of them created by an artist,a real person with feelings and dreams,

say NO to recast.The recast kills us and poisons us slowly but surely.

If you really love us,say NO.

 

Or you are only a cheat.

  

Mon existence est une victoire.

Si vous aimez vraiment les BJD,chacune d'entre elles créées par un artiste,une véritable personne avec des sentiments et des rêves,dites NON au recast.Le recast nous tue et nous empoisonne lentement mais sûrement.

Si vous nous aimez vraiment,dites NON.

 

Sinon,vous n'êtes qu'un imposteur.

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