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Entitled Play On (2007) by Robert Dawson
It comprises approximately 2,500 tiles and through seven discrete panels spans 28 metres, almost covering the upper area of the building’s façade. In this multi-sectioned mural the original black and white grid of a chessboard goes from small to large with Escher-esque corners, twists, and impossible angles. As with much of his work, the optical illusions have multi- stability, the images move inwards and outwards, being visually neither stable nor totally unstable.
From my set entitled “False Lamium”
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/sets/72157607213707592/
In my collection entitled “The Garden”
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/collections/7215760718...
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_Archangel
Lamiastrum galeobdolon, commonly known as Yellow Archangel, is a widespread wildflower in Europe, and has been introduced elsewhere as a garden plant. It displays the zygomorphic flower morphology, opposite leaves, and square stem typical of the mint family, Lamiaceae. The flowers are soft yellow and borne in axial clusters, with a prominent 'hood' (the dorsal lobe of the corolla) similar to that of Lamium. It works well as a ground cover because it spreads easily. Caution must be taken when planting due to its invasiveness. The leaves often have variegation, showing as silver patches arranged as a wide semicircle.
Through this photographic portfolio entitled “LIQUID SUBURBS” we want to focus on the theme of suburbs understood as both physical spaces and metaphorical dimensions. In the peripheries, in modern times, we have associated in negative terms what Bauman defines as “forced individualism”, as the liberation from any possible social bond and consequent solitary management of “risk”, uncertainty and the fears that derive from it. In a “liquid” society, life, particularly in the suburbs, seems to settle down and flatten itself in an eternal arid present of future prospects, similar to quicksand, amidst increasingly heavy and immobilizing doubts and perplexities, anchored to certainties linked to a past that is not it exists more and instead persists with nostalgia in the memories of flexible men, weakening them transformative capacity of reality. To adapt to continuous change and the structural risks of the second modernity, man has preferred to abandon the thought of introspection by adopting a mentality of “survival” that feeds on a “fast” thought typical of machines. A thought that does not allow for any deep reflection of one's own experiences, which does not provide the possibility of authentically taking care of one's self and which is shown through the construction, reflected by the architecture of the suburbs (as highlighted in the portfolio), of a “patchwork” Composed of many small and fragile fragments, often devoid of ties and connections, which are unable to give meaning and significance to the existential path of the individual as well as of the family nucleus and consequently of the non-community itself.
A cultural event entitled “Follow Georgia” featuring an exhibition of work by contemporary Georgian artist Ms. Tamara Kvesitadze and a music performance by ethno-jazz band “Shin”. Georgian artist Ms. Tamara Kvesitadze and a music performance by ethno-jazz band “Shin” was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017.
Ms. Tamara Kvesitadze’s works take roots in antiquity and mythology as well as in surrealism, which successfully combine art and construction. The music of the Shin smoothly combines Georgian folk melodies with jazz, which is the sound of Georgia’s musical encounter with the world.
WIPO co-organized the event with the Government of Georgia to mark the 25th Anniversary of the National Intellectual Property Center of Georgia – SAKPATENTI.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
Seven photos ago I posted one entitled Hiking . We were trudging towards the ruined Fishing Station at Red Point which gets its name from the pale red/orange colour of the sand at the main beach. The track to the old Fishing Station was clearly marked for the first half mile, but after that it was a case of follow your instinct. It wasn’t too bad, all we had to do was to keep the sea on our right, but what we perceived must be the route was deep rutted mud. Eventually, I decided to cut across the fields and head for the beach. That was a better prospect for walking towards our goal.
There are the remains of two former bothies [small cottages] and an ice house at the eastern end of the beach overlooking the mouth of Loch Torridon and with views out to Rona, Skye and beyond.
The Fishing Station at Red Point was one of eight fishing stations in Gairloch parish from which the salmon cobles [ traditional open traditional fishing boats] operated. They fished here with the bag net method – more about that accompanying following photos – and salmon fishing here was once highly rewarding – as recently as 1993, over 3000 salmon were taken in a year - but by 2000 the catches were so poor that it was no longer economically viable. The station operated briefly again in 2004 but has since been abandoned and winter storms have taken their toll on what is left of the buildings.
Sybil: “Yes, it is! The house was yours, too. You’re entitled to your share.”
Elliot: “I hated that house. Do you really think I want money off a house my dad built? ‘Cause if you do, you don’t know me at all. We’ve discussed this before…”
Sybil (quickly): “And you were too stubborn to take that money! (snorts) It’s just money, Elliot. Well, I’ve got plenty of it. I could give…”
Elliot (interrupting): “Don’t… you… dare. Don’t you think you can buy me like some… like some thing in the store! I’m already living here for free. How useless do you think that makes me feel? I ain’t with you ‘cause of your money, ‘kay?”
Sybil (defensively): “I never said that!”
Elliot: “I’m gonna contribute to any expenses as soon as I get money from the tour, don’t you worry…”
Sybil: “I’ve got too much money and you don’t have enough. It would make sense. I’m not with you to make money off you! I don’t want it!”
Elliot (shouts at Sybil’s face): “Of course you do! That’s what you all want! That’s what they want! Money, money, money, money, money, money! Let’s do this, so we can get more money! Let’s not give money to the poor or the blind or the old or anyone who really needs it, let’s just put it into our pockets so it feels good and bursts out! That’s the kinda talk I’ve been listening to ALL DAY! I’ve had enough!”
Sybil: “Elliot…” (tries to grab him for a hug with a smile on)
Elliot (calms down but prevents Sybil from grabbing him): “All I wanted was to do a record and go on tour and do that at my own pace… They’re making me do everything at once. (takes a deep breath) Why do I feel like I’ve just sold my soul to the devil? This is exactly what I wanted to avoid. I should’ve read the contract more carefully and with glasses on. I was too excited about it to not jump the opportunity like a fool. They promised to give me space, but that wasn’t written down, so they ain't gonna keep their word anyway… That lawyer I had check the contract was just thinking about the money he was gonna get, too. What is it about me that makes me this gold mine in their eyes anyway? I just don’t get it.”
Sybil (gives him an intense stare): “Elliot, you’re my rock – an uncut one. And I love you for who you are now, not for who anyone wants you to be tomorrow.”
Museum de Fundatie Zwolle NL presents an exhibition entitled Giacometti-Chadwick, Facing Fear, to run from 22 September 2018 to 6 January 2019. The sculptures of Alberto Giacometti (1901-1966) and Lynn Chadwick (1914-2003) are manifestations of the sense of fear and disillusionment that pervaded Europe during the Cold War period. Their work bids a final farewell to pre-war romanticism and aestheticism, and lands with both feet in the raw reality of the post-war world. While Giacometti reduced the human form to its bare essentials, Chadwick created powerful archetypal images of both people and animals. The exhibition includes more than 150 works. Never before has the work of Giacometti and Chadwick been so explicitly brought together.
Their paths first crossed in 1956, when Chadwick became the youngest person ever to win the Grand Prix for Sculpture at the Venice Biennale. With only six years’ experience as a sculptor, the British artist snatched the prize from Giacometti, the hot favourite, who was thirteen years older and already a major name in Paris. Giacometti would go on to win the prize in 1962, but which of the two men was awarded it in 1956 is less significant than the fact that these two particular sculptors were the front-runners at that time. Each of them was expressing, in his own individual way, the sense of deep-seated angst that overshadowed day-to-day life in Europe in the fifties and sixties: the fear of a global nuclear disaster that would wipe out human civilisation.
Alberto Giacometti is among the most significant figures in the whole field of modern European sculpture. A member of a notable family of Swiss artists, he moved to Paris in 1922 and would remain there for the rest of his life, working as a sculptor, painter and graphic artist. After training with Émile-Antoine Bourdelle, he discovered modernism and so-called ‘primitive’ ethnographic art of Africa and Oceania. In response to these influences, his work became more abstract. In the early thirties, his Surrealist sculptures expressing subconscious emotions created a furore. From 1935, however, personal psychological tensions triggered a crisis in his life and work that led to a return to the human figure. Initially, his portraits and figures became both increasingly tiny and more and more attenuated. This thinness was to remain the most distinctive feature of Giacometti’s art. After the Second World War, he began to create the elongated, emaciated figures that would bring him worldwide fame. In all their attenuation, they reduce humanity to its very essence and appear both vulnerable and enigmatic.
In the early fifties, up-and-coming artist Lynn Chadwick managed to dislodge Henry Moore and Barbara Hepworth from their dominant position in the field of British sculpture. Born in London, Chadwick had started his career as a technical draughtsman and exhibition stand designer. He took an equally constructional approach to his sculpture: rather than model his human and animal figures in clay or wax, he constructed them by welding steel rods together to create an armature and then filling in the gaps with a kind of cement. The angularity of the work being produced by him and other young British artists was described in 1952 as ‘the geometry of fear’, a reference to the constant dread of nuclear annihilation. Chadwick’s apocalyptic Dancers and stoical Watchers gave powerful expression to this sense of angst. From the early seventies, he broadened his repertoire to include subjects that seem to restore the sovereignty of the human spirit. Sculptures like Cloaked Figure and Sitting Couple no longer look threatening, but emanate a sense of composure and invulnerability.
Giacometti’s pre-war work influenced Chadwick’s development and the two men were keenly aware of each other’s presence. In addition to the vast differences, there are also many similarities between their oeuvres. Giacometti-Chadwick, Facing Fear is the product of close cooperation with the Fondation Marguerite et Aimé Maeght in Saint-Paul-de-Vence and the Chadwick Estate and Blain|Southern gallery in London.
15 December 2022 - Leinster House
PRESS RELEASE & REPORT
The Joint Committee on Gender Equality has today, Thursday December 15th, published its final report entitled Unfinished Democracy: Achieving Gender Equality.
This report is based on the work carried out by the Oireachtas Committee over 2022.
Chaired by Ivana Bacik TD, the cross-party Committee held a range of hearings to consider the comprehensive recommendations produced by the Citizens’ Assembly on Gender Equality.
The Committee took the view that the 45 Assembly recommendations should be seen as a blueprint for achieving a gender equal Ireland, and so the focus of its deliberations was on how best to secure their implementation.
In particular, the Committee has developed a precise wording of the text for amending Articles 40.1 and 41 of the Constitution, and it calls on the Government to hold the necessary referendum in 2023.
The proposed changes to Article 40.1 would reflect the Assembly’s wish to see constitutional recognition for the principle of gender equality; and for principles of equality and non-discrimination.
The proposed changes to Article 41 would remove the sexist language currently in the text referring exclusively to women and mothers as having a ‘life’ and ‘duties’ within the home.
Instead, the proposed changes would insert gender-neutral language to ensure that the role of care is recognised, valued and supported by the State.
The proposed changes would also ensure a more inclusive definition of ‘family’ beyond the family based upon marriage.
Apart from constitutional change, the report also sets out comprehensive recommendations on a range of other gender equality measures; on childcare, care and social protection; on measures to address Domestic, Sexual and Gender Based Violence (DSGBV); on the role that education can play in challenging gendered norms and stereotypes; on the impact of pay and workplace conditions on gender equality; on how to achieve gender equality in leadership, politics and public life; and on how the gender equality principle can be protected through law and policy.
Speaking at the launch of the report, Committee Cathaoirleach Deputy Ivana Bacik expressed thanks to all who had engaged with the work of the Committee, saying:
“The aim of this report is to provide an action plan for change towards a truly gender equal Ireland, with meaningful timelines for implementation.
“We acknowledge that the implementation of some Assembly recommendations is already underway, and we now call on the Government to ensure the timely implementation of all of our recommended actions.
“In particular, we want to see a referendum held in 2023 to give effect to Assembly recommendations 1-3 on constitutional change; and we call on the Government to begin the preparatory work necessary for the holding of such a referendum.”
“We look forward to the implementation of our recommendations, and to the achievement of a truly gender equal society. As the Assembly has stated, ‘gender equality is a matter of human rights, justice, and fairness. It must underpin all of our interactions as a society."
“Until gender equality is achieved, our democracy will remain unfinished.”
Some of the key recommendations for government action in the report:
• Hold a constitutional referendum in 2023 to give effect to the Citizens’ Assembly recommendations on constitutional change, on the basis of the wording proposed by the Committee.
• Commission a 'cost of care' review that calculates the financial cost of unpaid care and examines the societal value of unpaid care.
• Move from a model of privatised care provision towards a publicly funded, accessible and regulated model of quality, affordable early years education and childcare.
• Ensure that the State takes over full responsibility for the remuneration of employees in the early years and childcare sector.
• Develop and establish a National Planning Unit for Care, to foster better linkages and co-ordination on care policies across all relevant Government Departments.
• Establish a Statutory Child Maintenance Agency to keep child maintenance out of the courts where possible.
• Ensure that action on the Third National Strategy on DSGBV begins immediately, pending the establishment of the new Statutory National Agency.
• Reinstate the Irish Sentencing Information System and ensure improved data systems within the criminal justice system to provide visibility on sentencing levels in DSGBV cases.
• Mandate the Electoral Commission to review A national gender quota strategy every five years.
• Initiate a process towards the introduction of a universal pension system.
• Institute a more generalised pilot Universal Basic Income (UBI) scheme based on the ‘participation income’ approach.
Read the report and its recommendations in full here.
From my set entitled “The Flight Crew”
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/sets/72157607477197733/
In my collection entitled “Uncle Bill Watson”
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/collections/7215760783...
In my photostream
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/
Bob was born in Seattle Washington to John Andrew Johnson and Annie Ione Brown, and was raised in Kapuskasing, Ontario. He went to high school for one year, and then studied drafting at technical school. He joined the Boy Scouts. Bob worked as a clerk at the Dominion Store in 1941-42, and as a showcard painter at Farbs Clothing store from 1942-43. His hobbies included bowling, basketball, swimming and sketching.
Bob enlisted at North Bay, Ontario, then undertook pre-aircrew education at St. John’s Technical School in Brandon, Manitoba, where he studied English, math, aircraft recognition and signals. After graduation, he entered the service at 32 Manning Depot, Brandon, Manitoba. His second posting was at #3 Wireless School in Winnipeg, Manitoba. From Winnipeg he was posted to #17 Service Flying Training School at Souris, Manitoba. His next stop was #1 Air Gunner Ground Training School in Quebec City, after which he attended #3 Bomber and Gunner Training School at MacDonald, Manitoba. His final Canadian posting was at #3 Air Gunner Training School at Three Rivers (Trois Rivieres), Quebec.
Upon landing in Britain, he was stationed at #3 Personnel Receiving Centre in Bournemouth, Dorset where he awaited further posting. He arrived at #83 Operations Training Unit, Peplow, Shropshire, on May 23, 1944. On a night training mission, on July 22/23, Bob was killed when the Wellington bomber in which he practicing gunner duties ditched in the Irish Sea
The recruitment interviewing officer marked Bob as a ‘slight lad, but [who] seems sincere in his desire for aircrew”. He was also noted as a “malleable type of chap who is quite willing to accept guidance and instruction. He would have preferred a chance to fly as pilot but accepts selection as air gunner gracefully and impresses one as good material for training in that trade. Keen, alert well-motivated, Likes guns and has no fear of fighting”.
Ceremony of Glen Cinema Memorial entitled Rattle Little Mother at Dunn Square Paisley.
Location Of Names On Rattle Little Mother, Glen Cinema Memorial
Front “ To The Children Of The Glen Cinema “
Left Panel as you face front of memorial which faces in the direction of the Piazza “ Elizabeth Leonard - Samuel McBlane - Sarah McCafferty - Robert McConnell - Nellie McCran - Minnie McCran - Edward McEnhill - Margaret McEnhill - James McEnhill - Denis McGarrity - Robert McGirr - Jeanie McGrattan - Mary McWattie - Margaret Morrow - Robert Niven - Georgina Peacock - Tom Perkins - John Pinkerton - William Pinkerton - Alexander Telfer - William Rae - Thomas Renfrew - George Scott - William Spears - Jane Stevenson - Robert Wingate.
Back of Memorial which faces Paisley Town Hall “ James Gielty - John Gielty - Norman Gillies - John Goodwin - Henry Green - Mary Green - Archibald Grogan - Annie Hamilton - George Hammond “ 31 December 1929 “ Elizabeth Hart - Peter Houston - Thomas Howard - Julia Irvine - William Irvine - Thomas Jackson - James Johnston - George Kennedy - Helen Kilkie - Thomas Kilkie.
Right panel as you face front of memorial which faces towards Forbes Place “ Robert Adams - Robert Alexander - John Bell - William Black - Hugh Blue - John Bowes - David Boyd - Caroline Brain - Lily Buchanan - John Cairns - Daniel Corbett - Elizabeth Corrigan - Agnes Coyle - Robert Craig - Francis Curran - Elizabeth Dempster - Leah Dixon - Mary Dolan - George Elliott - Henry Elliott - Bessie Finlay - Enso Fiori - Janet Fitch - William Fitch - James Gatherer - Margaret Gibson.
N.B All lettering in gold except from “ 31 December 1929 “ on rear of memorial which is in black, both sides contain 26 names whilst there is 19 names on the bac
One of 3 pieces making up the terra cotta artwork entitled "Family Group". It was produced by James L. Hansen in late 1943 but due to WW II never installed in the Lisbon post office. It was stored in the basement for years until loaned "long term" to Augustana College in Sioux Falls in March 1972. At the time, the Smithsonian Institute was in possession of these artworks. I believe this piece is meant to be between the mother and father figures. Thanks to Dr Lindsay Twa for sending me these images.
The little guy is a bit freaky if you ask me.
Images used with permission of the USPS.
Book on Allama Mashriqi & Mahatma Gandhi
at BookExpo America 2014
The book entitled Mahatma Gandhi & My Grandfather, Allama Mashriqi: A Groundbreaking Narrative of India's Partition by Nasim Yousaf, a grandson of Allama Mashriqi, was exhibited at BookExpo America, one of the largest book fairs in the world. The fair was from May 28-31, 2014 at the Javits Center in New York City.
BookExpo America is a massive event for the book publishing industry and draws a large number of visitors from around the world. According to the BookExpo web site, the event "combines the largest selection of English language titles on the planet and is the largest gathering of booksellers, librarians,...retailers, and industry professionals in North America, making it the #1 place to experience the latest technology trends, discover new titles..." On the last day of the event, BookExpo is open to the general public and "book fans from around the world can gather to discover new books, meet authors..." Literary agents and publishers from various countries also come to the show to secure distribution, licensing, publishing, and translation rights.
The book Mahatma Gandhi & My Grandfather, Allama Mashriqi was exhibited at BookExpo in May, 2014. The work is the latest offering from Mr. Nasim Yousaf, a well-known scholar and historian who has been conducting extensive research on South Asian history since 1996. He has thus far written twelve books and countless articles and has also compiled a digital version of the rare and historic Al-Islah newspaper (official newspaper of the Khaksar Tehrik). In his book on Mahatma Gandhi and Allama Mashriqi, Mr. Yousaf contrasts the role of the two South Asian leaders in India's independence, bringing to light many revealing insights along the way.
Excerpt from Book Description
"Allama Mashriqi and Mahatma Gandhi shared many similarities — both men left their professions behind and dedicated their lives to liberating India from British rule. Both adopted a life of simplicity and began their grassroots campaigns in the streets and villages of the country. Both were nominated for the Nobel Prize (Mashriqi for his monumental work, Tazkirah, and Gandhi for his non-violence) and shared a common objective of achieving independence for the nation. Yet despite all their similarities, they could not reach agreement on Mashriqi's The Constitution of Free India, 1946 A.C. nor were they able to work together to achieve a united, independent India. Why? The answers are contained in this book.
In Mahatma Gandhi and My Grandfather, Allama Mashriqi, Mr. Yousaf brings together nearly 17 years of exhaustive research of historical documents as well as firsthand knowledge and insights gained from Allama Mashriqi's wife, sons, daughters, and the Khaksars, who were part of the freedom movement and witnessed the division of India. He takes the reader through a riveting journey as he brings to light a fresh new analysis of the freedom of British India."
As the first scholarly study on these two personalities, the work (printed and published in the USA) is an excellent read not only for people interested in South Asian studies, but also for all book lovers around the world.
Class! Let's take our Urbex Manual page 180, chapter 13, entitled: "Face Your Fears". Anything noteworthy about that chapter? Yes, Tommy? It has an open ending, very good Tommy! Meaning we don't know the outcome. Yet.
Meet Delbrassine NV, a former factory of tubes and all things metal. It has a smashing score of 12 on the Richter Scale of life threatening venues. Some say it's far more safer to roam the RATP metro lines at rush hour - blindfolded - than to enter the gates of Delbrassine. The reason: dopeheads. Not the average next-door-junkies but the steaming, pushing, devastating type of guys. Sick & venal. Always in search of that very last untouched blood vessel on one of their ankles. Ten years of intravenous consumption pays a toll on one's epidermis.
Summer 2008. We were in the neighborhood. I had a few talks with some of the explorers from that region, discussing this plant. It all boiled down to one simple conclusion: don't go there. Just don't.
With all those warnings still fresh, we scouted the area but couldn't see anyone. It was fenced off pretty well, but at the right side we found a small passage to enter the site. El Caminito Del Rey Drogadicto.
Once inside things looked pretty safe. We unpacked our gear and split up. Stef and me went right, Telefunker went left. I switched lenses, pulled out my tripod and started making shots.
All of a sudden, just after a mere 10 minutes, Mr. Telefunker comes back in our part of the factory. Has he finished shooting already? Can't be. He approaches me. Very close. He's so close I start feeling uncomfortable. His head is next to mine. And then he whispers in my ear. "There's a guy sitting right behind you, at 5 meters".
I gently turn around and see a huge pile of junk and trash and undefinable stuff. A junkie is sitting right in the middle of it, ready to shoot himself up. Or us. Sweet mother of Jesus. My brain is in high-speed mode, analyzing the situation. He's surrounded by thousands of tinfoil papers, bended spoons and used needles. He's one with the environment. And all that time I wasn't aware of his presence! I can't believe it. He looks up. We have eye contact. This is one of those moments where you can taste the adrenaline rushing through your veins. Silence. An awkward silence. Eye-contact. Who makes a move first? What could possibly happen? A junkie, Tommy, anything can happen! Three guys, all Nikon. Picking up a random needle is enough to score a couple of thousand euro's on photo gear. The hit of his life.
This awkward silence/ eye contact thing is taking way too long. I make a move, and mumble to the others to pack our gear and get the hell out of this hellhole. While doing so, the guy gets up. And leaves...
We never saw him again. We took some more shots, and left the place.
The book is finished. I know the end of chapter 13.
SEPTIC FLESH considered to be one of the pioneers of the Hellenic death metal sound, were formed in the 90’s.
After a demo entitled “Forgotten Path” and a Mini Lp entitled "Temple of the Lost Race" they managed to attract the attention of the French label Holly records, gaining access to the wider underground scene.
Their first full length album entitled "Mystic Places of Dawn" was recorded in April 1994 with M.W. Daoloth (from the cult black metal band Necromantia) as Co-producer.
One year later, in June 1995, they released "Esoptron", a dark opus with deep ancient Hellenic musical influences and themes dealing with philosophy and the occult.
The album that followed two years later, was entitled "Ophidian Wheel". The band added female vocals to the formula, recruiting Natalie Rassoulis. The neo-classical experimentations gained ground, adding a more theatrical dimension to the band’s sound.
In March 1998, the band released "Fallen Temple". It was a “crossroad” that represented the past of the band (the compositions of the rare “Temple of the Lost Race” re-recorded) but also presented a glimpse to the future, with some new material. In September of the same year, was also released a limited EP entitled "D.N.A Choronzone", which included the video clip for the song "The Eldest Cosmonaut" and 4 special tracks.
In June 1999, the band invaded Sweden to record with acclaimed producer Fredrik Nordstrom "Revolution DNA". The album was launched in October 1999 and presented highly addictive material, with a more straight forward metal attitude.
The first era of the band was concluded with the release of “Sumerian Daemons” in 2002. This album was the turning point to a more brutal and bombastic sound, while the dominating choir parts in Ancient Sumerian language, created a truly demonic atmosphere.
The next chapter of SEPTICFLESH (with the two words merged together from now on) begun in 2008, as the band signed with French labor Season of Mist and released "Communion". The album was recorded once again at Fredman studios in Sweden, with Fredrik Nordstrom as producer. Music-wise, it was a bold step forwards, as the band decided to utilize for the first time a full orchestra. The Filmharmonic Orchestra of Prague was chosen for the task, while Chris Antoniou, having obtained a Bachelor's and Master's degree in concert music in Londod, was responsible for the classical arrangements. The result was a unique merge of Death Metal heaviness, with Symphonic rage.
The next album "The Great Mass" was released in 2011. This time, the band collaborated with Peter Tägtgren for the production. The songs were heavy and at the same time highly technical and experimental, as the orchestral parts were further evolved. In addition the band collaborated with two exceptional female vocalists, Androniki Skoula (Mezzo Soprano) and Iliana Tsakiraki (Soprano). The overall result was a Grand dark metal "soundtrack".
The latest effort of the band is "Titan" released in 2014. The album was produced from Logan Mader. The title of the album, pretty much sums up its sound and general atmosphere. Primordial, menacing, majestic. Besides the use of Filmharmonic Orchestra of Prague for the third time, the band worked for the first time with the Children Choir of Prague, adding an eerie tone to the songs. After long years of experimentation, Septicflesh have reached to a point that their metal and symphonic elements are fused together in a solid unity. The song "Prometheus" (that is very indicative of this balance between power and atmosphere), was chosen to visually represent the album, in the form of a video clip.
"On winds of smoke they are singing, their calling is the calling of the free, Fly with Us" - Burning Phoenix
St Mary’s is the island’s parish church and the most active. It is open daily from 11am to 4pm for visits and private prayer.
The church is the oldest building on the island and includes sections from the Saxon period, most notably the Saxon arch.
The church is home to a magnificent elm sculpture carved by Fenwick Lawson, entitled The Journey. It depicts hooded monks carrying St Cuthbert’s coffin when they left the island in 875. Two twentieth century windows celebrate Aidan and Cuthbert.
Lindisfarne, also called Holy Island, is a tidal island off the northeast coast of England, which constitutes the civil parish of Holy Island in Northumberland. Holy Island has a recorded history from the 6th century AD; it was an important centre of Celtic Christianity under Saints Aidan of Lindisfarne, Cuthbert, Eadfrith of Lindisfarne and Eadberht of Lindisfarne. After the Viking invasions and the Norman conquest of England, a priory was re-established. A small castle was built on the island in 1550.
The north-east of England was largely not settled by Roman civilians apart from the Tyne valley and Hadrian's Wall. The area had been little affected during the centuries of nominal Roman occupation. The countryside had been subject to raids from both Scots and Picts and was "not one to attract early Germanic settlement". The Anglian King Ida (reigned from 547) started the sea-borne settlement of the coast, establishing an urbis regia (meaning "royal settlement") at Bamburgh across the bay from Lindisfarne. The conquest was not straightforward, however. The Historia Brittonum recounts how, in the 6th century, Urien, prince of Rheged, with a coalition of North Brittonic kingdoms, besieged Angles led by Theodric of Bernicia on the island for three days and nights, until internal power struggles led to the Britons' defeat.
The monastery of Lindisfarne was founded around 634 by Irish monk Saint Aidan, who had been sent from Iona off the west coast of Scotland to Northumbria at the request of King Oswald. The priory was founded before the end of 634 and Aidan remained there until his death in 651. The priory remained the only seat of a bishopric in Northumbria for nearly thirty years. Finan (bishop 651–661) built a timber church "suitable for a bishop's seat". St Bede, however, was critical of the fact that the church was not built of stone but only of hewn oak thatched with reeds. A later bishop, Eadbert, removed the thatch and covered both walls and roof in lead. An abbot, who could be the bishop, was elected by the brethren and led the community. Bede comments on this:
And let no one be surprised that, though we have said above that in this island of Lindisfarne, small as it is, there is found the seat of a bishop, now we say also that it is the home of an abbot and monks; for it actually is so. For one and the same dwelling-place of the servants of God holds both; and indeed all are monks. Aidan, who was the first bishop of this place, was a monk and always lived according to monastic rule together with all his followers. Hence all the bishops of that place up to the present time exercise their episcopal functions in such a way that the abbot, who they themselves have chosen by the advice of the brethren, rules the monastery; and all the priests, deacons, singers and readers and other ecclesiastical grades, together with the bishop himself, keep the monastic rule in all things.
Lindisfarne became the base for Christian evangelism in the North of England, and also sent a successful mission to Mercia. Monks from the Irish community of Iona settled on the island. Northumbria's patron saint, Saint Cuthbert, was a monk and later abbot of the monastery, and his miracles and life are recorded by the Venerable Bede. Cuthbert later became Bishop of Lindisfarne. An anonymous life of Cuthbert written at Lindisfarne is the oldest extant piece of English historical writing. From its reference to "Aldfrith, who now reigns peacefully", it is considered to date to between 685 and 704. Cuthbert was buried here, his remains later translated to Durham Cathedral (along with the relics of Saint Eadfrith of Lindisfarne). Eadberht of Lindisfarne, the next bishop (and later saint), was buried in the place from which Cuthbert's body was exhumed earlier the same year.
Cuthbert's body was carried with the monks, eventually settling in Chester-le-Street before a final move to Durham. The saint's shrine was the major pilgrimage centre for much of the region until its despoliation by Henry VIII's commissioners in 1539 or 1540. The grave was preserved, however, and when opened in 1827 yielded a number of artefacts dating back to Lindisfarne. The innermost of three coffins was of incised wood, the only decorated wood to survive from the period. It shows Jesus surrounded by the Four Evangelists. Within the coffin was a pectoral cross measuring 6.4 centimetres (2.5 in) across, made of gold and mounted with garnets and intricate designs; a comb, made of elephant ivory, was also found, an item that would have been exceedingly rare and expensive in Northern England, as well as an embossed, silver-covered travelling altar, all of which were contemporary with the original burial on the island. The most impressive find within the coffins was a gospel (known as the St Cuthbert Gospel or Stonyhurst Gospel from its association with Stonyhurst College): the manuscript, a relatively early and likely original one, was bound with embossed leather. When the body was placed in the shrine in 1104, other items were removed: a paten, scissors and a chalice of gold and onyx.
Following Finian's death, Colman became Bishop of Lindisfarne. Up to this point the Northumbrian (and latterly Mercian) churches had looked to Lindisfarne as the mother church. There were significant liturgical and theological differences with the fledgling Roman party based at Canterbury. According to Stenton: "There is no trace of any intercourse between these bishops [the Mercians] and the see of Canterbury". The Synod of Whitby in 663 changed this, as allegiance switched southwards to Canterbury and then to Rome. Colman departed his see for Iona, and Lindisfarne no longer held its previous importance.
In 735, the northern ecclesiastical province of England was established, with the archbishopric at York. There were only three bishops under York: Hexham, Lindisfarne and Whithorn, whereas Canterbury had the 12 envisaged by St Augustine. The Diocese of York roughly encompassed the counties of Yorkshire and Lancashire. Hexham covered County Durham and the southern part of Northumberland up to the River Coquet, and eastwards into the Pennines. Whithorn covered most of Dumfries and Galloway region west of Dumfries itself. The remainder, Cumbria, northern Northumbria, Lothian and much of the Kingdom of Strathclyde formed the diocese of Lindisfarne.
In 737, Saint Ceolwulf of Northumbria abdicated as King of Northumbria and entered the priory at Lindisfarne. He died in 764 and was buried alongside Cuthbert. In 830, his body was moved to Norham-upon-Tweed, and later his head was translated to Durham Cathedral.
Lindisfarne Gospels
Main article: Lindisfarne Gospels
At some point in the early 8th century the illuminated manuscript known as the Lindisfarne Gospels, an illustrated Latin copy of the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, was made, probably at Lindisfarne. The artist was possibly Eadfrith, who later became Bishop of Lindisfarne. It is also speculated that a team of illuminators and calligraphers (monks of Lindisfarne Priory) worked on the text, but if so, their identities are unknown. Some time in the second half of the 10th century, a monk named Aldred added an Anglo-Saxon (Old English) gloss to the Latin text, producing the earliest surviving Old English copies of the Gospels. Aldred attributed the original to Eadfrith (bishop 698–721). The Gospels were written with a good hand, but it is the illustrations, done in an insular style containing a fusion of Celtic, Germanic and Roman elements, that are considered to be of the most value. According to Aldred, Eadfrith's successor Æthelwald was responsible for pressing and binding the book, before it was covered with a fine metal case made by a hermit known as Billfrith. The Lindisfarne Gospels now reside in the British Library in London, a location which has caused some controversy amongst some Northumbrians. In 1971, professor Suzanne Kaufman of Rockford, Illinois presented a facsimile copy of the Gospels to the clergy of the island.
In 793, a Viking raid on Lindisfarne caused much consternation throughout the Christian west, and is now often taken as the beginning of the Viking Age. There had been some other Viking raids, but according to English Heritage this one was particularly significant, because "it attacked the sacred heart of the Northumbrian kingdom, desecrating 'the very place where the Christian religion began in our nation'". The D and E versions of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle record:
Her wæron reðe forebecna cumene ofer Norðhymbra land, ⁊ þæt folc earmlic bregdon, þæt wæron ormete þodenas ⁊ ligrescas, ⁊ fyrenne dracan wæron gesewene on þam lifte fleogende. Þam tacnum sona fyligde mycel hunger, ⁊ litel æfter þam, þæs ilcan geares on .vi. Idus Ianuarii, earmlice hæþenra manna hergunc adilegode Godes cyrican in Lindisfarnaee þurh hreaflac ⁊ mansliht.
("In this year fierce, foreboding omens came over the land of the Northumbrians, and the wretched people shook; there were excessive whirlwinds, lightning, and fiery dragons were seen flying in the sky. These signs were followed by great famine, and a little after those, that same year on 6th ides of January, the ravaging of wretched heathen men destroyed God's church at Lindisfarne.")
The generally accepted date for the Viking raid on Lindisfarne is 8 June; Michael Swanton writes: "vi id Ianr, presumably [is] an error for vi id Iun (8 June) which is the date given by the Annals of Lindisfarne (p. 505), when better sailing weather would favour coastal raids."
Alcuin, a Northumbrian scholar in Charlemagne's court at the time, wrote: "Never before has such terror appeared in Britain as we have now suffered from a pagan race ... The heathens poured out the blood of saints around the altar, and trampled on the bodies of saints in the temple of God, like dung in the streets."
During the attack many of the monks were killed, or captured and enslaved. As the English population became more settled, they seemed to have turned their back on the sea. Many monasteries were established on islands, peninsulas, river mouths and cliffs, as isolated communities were less susceptible to interference and the politics of the heartland. These preliminary raids, despite their brutal nature, were not followed up. The main body of the raiders passed north around Scotland. The 9th century invasions came not from Norway, but from the Danes from around the entrance to the Baltic. The first Danish raids into England were in the Isle of Sheppey, Kent during 835 and from there their influence spread north. During this period religious art continued to flourish on Lindisfarne, and the Liber Vitae of Durham began in the priory. By 866, the Danes were in York, and in 873 the army was moving into Northumberland. With the collapse of the Northumbrian kingdom, the monks of Lindisfarne fled the island in 875 taking with them St Cuthbert's bones (which are now buried at the cathedral in Durham), who during his life had been prior and bishop of Lindisfarne; his body was buried on the island in the year 698.
Prior to the 9th century, Lindisfarne Priory had, in common with other such establishments, held large tracts of land which were managed directly or leased to farmers with a life interest only. Following the Danish occupation, land was increasingly owned by individuals, and could be bought, sold and inherited. Following the Battle of Corbridge in 914 Ragnald seized the land giving some to his followers Scula and Onlafbal.
William of St Calais, the first Norman Bishop of Durham, endowed his new Benedictine monastery at Durham with land and property in Northumberland, including Holy Island and much of the surrounding mainland. Durham Priory re-established a monastic house on the island in 1093, as a cell of Durham, administered from Norham. The standing remains date from this time (whereas the site of the original priory is now occupied by the parish church).
Monastic records from the 14th to the 16th century provide evidence of an already well-established fishing economy on the island. Both line fishing and net fishing were practised, inshore in shallow waters and in the deep water offshore, using a variety of vessels: contemporary accounts differentiate between small 'cobles' and larger 'boats', as well as singling out certain specialised vessels (such as a 'herynger', sold for £2 in 1404). As well as supplying food for the monastic community, the island's fisheries (together with those of nearby Farne) provided the mother house at Durham with fish, on a regular (sometimes weekly) basis. Fish caught included cod, haddock, herring, salmon, porpoise and mullet, among others. Shellfish of various types were also fished for, with lobster nets and oyster dredges being mentioned in the accounts. Fish surplus to the needs of the monastery was traded, but subject to a tithe. There is also evidence that the monks operated a lime kiln on the island.
In 1462, during the Wars of the Roses, Margaret of Anjou made an abortive attempt to seize the Northumbrian castles. Following a storm at sea 400 troops had to seek shelter on Holy Island, where they surrendered to the Yorkists.
The Benedictine monastery continued until its suppression in 1536 under Henry VIII, after which the buildings surrounding the church were used as a naval storehouse. In 1613 ownership of the island (and other land in the area formerly pertaining to Durham Priory) was transferred to the Crown.
An early scholarly description of the priory was compiled by Dr Henry George Charles Clarke (presumed son of Admiral Sir Erasmus Gower) in 1838 during his term as president of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club. Dr Clarke surmised that this Norman priory was unique in that the centre aisle had a vault of stone. Of the six arches, Dr Clarke stated "as if the architect had not previously calculated the space to be occupied by his arcade. The effect here has been to produce a horse-shoe instead of a semicircular arch, from its being of the same height, but lesser span, than the others. This arch is very rare, even in Norman buildings". The Lindisfarne Priory (ruin) is a grade I listed building, List Entry Number 1042304. Other parts of the priory are a Scheduled ancient monument, List Entry Number 1011650. The latter are described as "the site of the pre-Conquest monastery of Lindisfarne and the Benedictine cell of Durham Cathedral that succeeded it in the 11th century".
Recent work by archeologists was continuing in 2019, for the fourth year. Artifacts recovered included a rare board game piece, copper-alloy rings and Anglo-Saxon coins from both Northumbria and Wessex. The discovery of a cemetery led to finding commemorative markers "unique to the 8th and 9th centuries". The group also found evidence of an early medieval building, "which seems to have been constructed on top of an even earlier industrial oven" which was used to make copper or glass.
Northumberland is a ceremonial county in North East England, bordering Scotland. It is bordered by the Scottish Borders to the north, the North Sea to the east, Tyne and Wear and County Durham to the south, and Cumbria to the west. The town of Blyth is the largest settlement.
The county has an area of 5,013 km2 (1,936 sq mi) and a population of 320,274, making it the least-densely populated county in England. The south-east contains the largest towns: Blyth (37,339), Cramlington (27,683), Ashington (27,670), and Morpeth (14,304), which is the administrative centre. The remainder of the county is rural, and the largest towns are Berwick-upon-Tweed (12,043) in the far north and Hexham (13,097) in the west. For local government purposes the county is a unitary authority area. The county historically included the parts of Tyne and Wear north of the River Tyne.
The west of Northumberland contains part of the Cheviot Hills and North Pennines, while to the east the land becomes flatter before reaching the coast. The Cheviot (815 m (2,674 ft)), after which the range of hills is named, is the county's highest point. The county contains the source of the River North Tyne and much of the South Tyne; near Hexham they combine to form the Tyne, which exits into Tyne and Wear shortly downstream. The other major rivers in Northumberland are, from south to north, the Blyth, Coquet, Aln, Wansbeck and Tweed, the last of which forms part of the Scottish border. The county contains Northumberland National Park and two national landscapes: the Northumberland Coast and part of the North Pennines.
Much of the county's history has been defined by its position on a border. In the Roman era most of the county lay north of Hadrian's Wall, and the region was contested between England and Scotland into the Early Modern era, leading to the construction of many castles, peel towers and bastle houses, and the early modern fortifications at Berwick-upon-Tweed. Northumberland is also associated with Celtic Christianity, particularly the tidal island of Lindisfarne. During the Industrial Revolution the area had significant coal mining, shipbuilding, and armaments industries.
Northumberland, England's northernmost county, is a land where Roman occupiers once guarded a walled frontier, Anglian invaders fought with Celtic natives, and Norman lords built castles to suppress rebellion and defend a contested border with Scotland. The present-day county is a vestige of an independent kingdom that once stretched from Edinburgh to the Humber, hence its name, meaning literally 'north of the Humber'. Reflecting its tumultuous past, Northumberland has more castles than any other county in England, and the greatest number of recognised battle sites. Once an economically important region that supplied much of the coal that powered the industrial revolution, Northumberland is now a primarily rural county with a small and gradually shrinking population.
As attested by many instances of rock art, the Northumberland region has a rich prehistory. Archeologists have studied a Mesolithic structure at Howick, which dates to 7500 BC and was identified as Britain's oldest house until it lost this title in 2010 when the discovery of the even older Star Carr house in North Yorkshire was announced, which dates to 8770 BC. They have also found tools, ornaments, building structures and cairns dating to the bronze and iron ages, when the area was occupied by Brythonic Celtic peoples who had migrated from continental Europe, most likely the Votadini whose territory stretched from Edinburgh and the Firth of Forth to Northumberland. It is not clear where the boundary between the Votadini and the other large tribe, the Brigantes, was, although it probably frequently shifted as a result of wars and as smaller tribes and communities changed allegiances. Unlike neighbouring tribes, Votadini farms were surrounded by large walls, banks and ditches and the people made offerings of fine metal objects, but never wore massive armlets. There are also at least three very large hillforts in their territory (Yeavering Bell, Eildon Hill and Traprain Law, the latter two now in Scotland), each was located on the top of a prominent hill or mountain. The hillforts may have been used for over a thousand years by this time as places of refuge and as places for meetings for political and religious ceremonies. Duddo Five Stones in North Northumberland and the Goatstones near Hadrian's Wall are stone circles dating from the Bronze Age.
When Gnaeus Julius Agricola was appointed Roman governor of Britain in 78 AD, most of northern Britain was still controlled by native British tribes. During his governorship Agricola extended Roman control north of Eboracum (York) and into what is now Scotland. Roman settlements, garrisons and roads were established throughout the Northumberland region.
The northern frontier of the Roman occupation fluctuated between Pons Aelius (now Newcastle) and the Forth. Hadrian's Wall was completed by about 130 AD, to define and defend the northern boundary of Roman Britain. By 142, the Romans had completed the Antonine Wall, a more northerly defensive border lying between the Forth and Clyde. However, by 164 they abandoned the Antonine Wall to consolidate defences at Hadrian's Wall.
Two important Roman roads in the region were the Stanegate and Dere Street, the latter extending through the Cheviot Hills to locations well north of the Tweed. Located at the intersection of these two roads, Coria (Corbridge), a Roman supply-base, was the most northerly large town in the Roman Empire. The Roman forts of Vercovicium (Housesteads) on Hadrian's Wall, and Vindolanda (Chesterholm) built to guard the Stanegate, had extensive civil settlements surrounding them.
The Celtic peoples living in the region between the Tyne and the Forth were known to the Romans as the Votadini. When not under direct Roman rule, they functioned as a friendly client kingdom, a somewhat porous buffer against the more warlike Picts to the north.
The gradual Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century led to a poorly documented age of conflict and chaos as different peoples contested territories in northern Britain.
Nearly 2000-year-old Roman boxing gloves were uncovered at Vindolanda in 2017 by the Vidolanda Trust experts led by Dr Andrew Birley. According to the Guardian, being similar in style and function to the full-hand modern boxing gloves, these two gloves found at Vindolanda look like leather bands date back to 120 AD. It is suggested that based on their difference from gladiator gloves warriors using this type of gloves had no purpose to kill each other. These gloves were probably used in a sport for promoting fighting skills. The gloves are currently displayed at Vindolanda's museum.
Conquests by Anglian invaders led to the establishment of the kingdoms of Deira and Bernicia. The first Anglian settlement was effected in 547 by Ida, who, accompanied by his six sons, pushed through the narrow strip of territory between the Cheviots and the sea, and set up a fortress at Bamburgh, which became the royal seat of the Bernician kings. About the end of the 6th century Bernicia was first united with the rival kingdom of Deira under the rule of Æthelfrith of Northumbria, and the district between the Humber and the Forth became known as the kingdom of Northumbria.
After Æthelfrith was killed in battle around 616, Edwin of Deira became king of Northumbria. Æthelfrith's son Oswald fled northwest to the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata where he was converted to Christianity by the monks of Iona. Meanwhile, Paulinus, the first bishop of York, converted King Edwin to Roman Christianity and began an extensive program of conversion and baptism. By his time the kingdom must have reached the west coast, as Edwin is said to have conquered the islands of Anglesey and Man. Under Edwin the Northumbrian kingdom became the chief power in Britain. However, when Cadwallon ap Cadfan defeated Edwin at Hatfield Chase in 633, Northumbria was divided into the former kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira and Christianity suffered a temporary decline.
In 634, Oswald defeated Cadwallon ap Cadfan at the Battle of Heavenfield, resulting in the re-unification of Northumbria. Oswald re-established Christianity in the kingdom and assigned a bishopric at Hexham, where Wilfrid erected a famous early English church. Reunification was followed by a period of Northumbrian expansion into Pictish territory and growing dominance over the Celtic kingdoms of Dál Riata and Strathclyde to the west. Northumbrian encroachments were abruptly curtailed in 685, when Ecgfrith suffered complete defeat by a Pictish force at the Battle of Nechtansmere.
When Saint Aidan came at the request of Oswald to preach to the Northumbrians he chose the island of Lindisfarne as the site of his church and monastery, and made it the head of the diocese which he founded in 635. For some years the see continued in peace, numbering among its bishops Saint Cuthbert, but in 793 Vikings landed on the island and burnt the settlement, killing many of the monks. The survivors, however, rebuilt the church and continued to live there until 883, when, through fear of a second invasion of the Danes, they fled inland, taking with them the body of Cuthbert and other holy relics.
Against this background, the monasteries of Northumbria developed some remarkably influential cultural products. Cædmon, a monk at Whitby Abbey, authored one of the earliest surviving examples of Old English poetry some time before 680. The Lindisfarne Gospels, an early example of insular art, is attributed to Eadfrith, the bishop of Lindisfarne from 698 to 721. Stenton (1971, p. 191) describes the book as follows.
In mere script it is no more than an admirable example of a noble style, and the figure drawing of its illustrations, though probably based on classical models, has more than a touch of naïveté. Its unique importance is due to the beauty and astonishing intricacy of its decoration. The nature of its ornament connects it very closely with a group of Irish manuscripts of which the Book of Kells is the most famous.
Bede's writing, at the Northumbrian monasteries at Wearmouth and Jarrow, gained him a reputation as the most learned scholar of his age. His work is notable for both its breadth (encompassing history, theology, science and literature) and quality, exemplified by the rigorous use of citation. Bede's most famous work is Ecclesiastical History of the English People, which is regarded as a highly influential early model of historical scholarship.
The kingdom of Northumbria ceased to exist in 927, when it was incorporated into England as an earldom by Athelstan, the first king of a united England[citation needed].. In 937, Athelstan's victory over a combined Norse-Celtic force in the battle of Brunanburh secured England's control of its northern territory.
The Scottish king Indulf captured Edinburgh in 954, which thenceforth remained in possession of the Scots. His successors made repeated attempts to extend their territory southwards. Malcolm II was finally successful, when, in 1018, he annihilated the Northumbrian army at Carham on the Tweed, and Eadulf the earl of Northumbria ceded all his territory to the north of that river as the price of peace. Henceforth Lothian, consisting of the former region of Northumbria between the Forth and the Tweed, remained in possession of the Scottish kings.
The term Northumberland was first recorded in its contracted modern sense in 1065 in an entry in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle relating to a rebellion against Tostig Godwinson.
The vigorous resistance of Northumbria to William the Conqueror was punished by ruthless harrying, mostly south of the River Tees. As recounted by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
A.D. 1068. This year King William gave Earl Robert the earldom over Northumberland; but the landsmen attacked him in the town of Durham, and slew him, and nine hundred men with him. Soon afterwards Edgar Etheling came with all the Northumbrians to York; and the townsmen made a treaty with him: but King William came from the South unawares on them with a large army, and put them to flight, and slew on the spot those who could not escape; which were many hundred men; and plundered the town. St. Peter's minster he made a profanation, and all other places also he despoiled and trampled upon; and the ethelling went back again to Scotland.
The Normans rebuilt the Anglian monasteries of Lindisfarne, Hexham and Tynemouth, and founded Norman abbeys at Newminster (1139), Alnwick (1147), Brinkburn (1180), Hulne, and Blanchland. Castles were built at Newcastle (1080), Alnwick (1096), Bamburgh (1131), Harbottle (1157), Prudhoe (1172), Warkworth (1205), Chillingham, Ford (1287), Dunstanburgh (1313), Morpeth, Langley (1350), Wark on Tweed and Norham (1121), the latter an enclave of the palatine bishops of Durham.
Northumberland county is not mentioned in the Domesday Survey, but the account of the issues of the county, as rendered by Odard the sheriff, is entered in the Great Roll of the Exchequer for 1131.
In 1237, Scotland renounced claims to Northumberland county in the Treaty of York.
During the reign of Edward I (1272–1307), the county of Northumberland was the district between the Tees and the Tweed, and had within it several scattered liberties subject to other powers: Durham, Sadberge, Bedlingtonshire, and Norhamshire belonging to the bishop of Durham; Hexhamshire to the archbishop of York; Tynedale to the king of Scotland; Emildon to the earl of Lancaster; and Redesdale to Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus. These franchises were exempt from the ordinary jurisdiction of the shire. Over time, some were incorporated within the county: Tynedale in 1495; Hexhamshire in 1572; and Norhamshire, Islandshire and Bedlingtonshire by the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844.
The county court for Northumberland was held at different times at Newcastle, Alnwick and Morpeth, until by statute of 1549 it was ordered that the court should thenceforth be held in the town and castle of Alnwick. Under the same statute the sheriffs of Northumberland, who had been in the habit of appropriating the issues of the county to their private use, were required thereafter to deliver in their accounts to the Exchequer in the same manner as the sheriffs of other counties.
From the Norman Conquest until the union of England and Scotland under James I and VI, Northumberland was the scene of perpetual inroads and devastations by the Scots. Norham, Alnwick and Wark were captured by David I of Scotland in the wars of Stephen's reign. In 1174, during his invasion of Northumbria, William I of Scotland, also known as William the Lion, was captured by a party of about four hundred mounted knights, led by Ranulf de Glanvill. This incident became known as the Battle of Alnwick. In 1295, Robert de Ros and the earls of Athol and Menteith ravaged Redesdale, Coquetdale and Tynedale. In 1314 the county was ravaged by king Robert Bruce. And so dire was the Scottish threat in 1382, that by special enactment the earl of Northumberland was ordered to remain on his estates to protect the border. In 1388, Henry Percy was taken prisoner and 1500 of his men slain at the battle of Otterburn, immortalised in the ballad of Chevy Chase.
Alnwick, Bamburgh and Dunstanburgh were garrisoned for the Lancastrian cause in 1462, but after the Yorkist victories of Hexham and Hedgley Moor in 1464, Alnwick and Dunstanburgh surrendered, and Bamburgh was taken by storm.
In September 1513, King James IV of Scotland was killed at the Battle of Flodden on Branxton Moor.
Roman Catholic support in Northumberland for Mary, Queen of Scots, led to the Rising of the North in 1569.
After uniting the English and Scottish thrones, James VI and I sharply curbed the lawlessness of the border reivers and brought relative peace to the region. There were Church of Scotland congregations in Northumberland in the 17th and 18th centuries.
During the Civil War of the 17th century, Newcastle was garrisoned for the king by the earl of Newcastle, but in 1644 it was captured by the Scots under the earl of Leven, and in 1646 Charles I was led there a captive under the charge of David Leslie.
Many of the chief Northumberland families were ruined in the Jacobite rebellion of 1715.
The mineral resources of the area appear to have been exploited to some extent from remote times. It is certain that coal was used by the Romans in Northumberland, and some coal ornaments found at Angerton have been attributed to the 7th century. In a 13th-century grant to Newminster Abbey a road for the conveyance of sea coal from the shore about Blyth is mentioned, and the Blyth coal field was worked throughout the 14th and 15th centuries. The coal trade on the Tyne did not exist to any extent before the 13th century, but from that period it developed rapidly, and Newcastle acquired the monopoly of the river shipping and coal trade. Lead was exported from Newcastle in the 12th century, probably from Hexhamshire, the lead mines of which were very prosperous throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. In a charter from Richard I to Hugh de Puiset creating him earl of Northumberland, mines of silver and iron are mentioned. A salt pan is mentioned at Warkworth in the 12th century; in the 13th century the salt industry flourished at the mouth of the river Blyth, and in the 15th century formed the principal occupation of the inhabitants of North and South Shields. In the reign of Elizabeth I, glass factories were set up at Newcastle by foreign refugees, and the industry spread rapidly along the Tyne. Tanning, both of leather and of nets, was largely practised in the 13th century, and the salmon fisheries in the Tyne were famous in the reign of Henry I.
John Smeaton designed the Coldstream Bridge and a bridge at Hexham.
Stephenson's Rocket
Invention of the steam turbine by Charles Algernon Parsons
Northumberland is a ceremonial county in North East England, bordering Scotland. It is bordered by the Scottish Borders to the north, the North Sea to the east, Tyne and Wear and County Durham to the south, and Cumbria to the west. The town of Blyth is the largest settlement.
The county has an area of 5,013 km2 (1,936 sq mi) and a population of 320,274, making it the least-densely populated county in England. The south-east contains the largest towns: Blyth (37,339), Cramlington (27,683), Ashington (27,670), and Morpeth (14,304), which is the administrative centre. The remainder of the county is rural, and the largest towns are Berwick-upon-Tweed (12,043) in the far north and Hexham (13,097) in the west. For local government purposes the county is a unitary authority area. The county historically included the parts of Tyne and Wear north of the River Tyne.
The west of Northumberland contains part of the Cheviot Hills and North Pennines, while to the east the land becomes flatter before reaching the coast. The Cheviot (815 m (2,674 ft)), after which the range of hills is named, is the county's highest point. The county contains the source of the River North Tyne and much of the South Tyne; near Hexham they combine to form the Tyne, which exits into Tyne and Wear shortly downstream. The other major rivers in Northumberland are, from south to north, the Blyth, Coquet, Aln, Wansbeck and Tweed, the last of which forms part of the Scottish border. The county contains Northumberland National Park and two national landscapes: the Northumberland Coast and part of the North Pennines.
Much of the county's history has been defined by its position on a border. In the Roman era most of the county lay north of Hadrian's Wall, and the region was contested between England and Scotland into the Early Modern era, leading to the construction of many castles, peel towers and bastle houses, and the early modern fortifications at Berwick-upon-Tweed. Northumberland is also associated with Celtic Christianity, particularly the tidal island of Lindisfarne. During the Industrial Revolution the area had significant coal mining, shipbuilding, and armaments industries.
Northumberland, England's northernmost county, is a land where Roman occupiers once guarded a walled frontier, Anglian invaders fought with Celtic natives, and Norman lords built castles to suppress rebellion and defend a contested border with Scotland. The present-day county is a vestige of an independent kingdom that once stretched from Edinburgh to the Humber, hence its name, meaning literally 'north of the Humber'. Reflecting its tumultuous past, Northumberland has more castles than any other county in England, and the greatest number of recognised battle sites. Once an economically important region that supplied much of the coal that powered the industrial revolution, Northumberland is now a primarily rural county with a small and gradually shrinking population.
As attested by many instances of rock art, the Northumberland region has a rich prehistory. Archeologists have studied a Mesolithic structure at Howick, which dates to 7500 BC and was identified as Britain's oldest house until it lost this title in 2010 when the discovery of the even older Star Carr house in North Yorkshire was announced, which dates to 8770 BC. They have also found tools, ornaments, building structures and cairns dating to the bronze and iron ages, when the area was occupied by Brythonic Celtic peoples who had migrated from continental Europe, most likely the Votadini whose territory stretched from Edinburgh and the Firth of Forth to Northumberland. It is not clear where the boundary between the Votadini and the other large tribe, the Brigantes, was, although it probably frequently shifted as a result of wars and as smaller tribes and communities changed allegiances. Unlike neighbouring tribes, Votadini farms were surrounded by large walls, banks and ditches and the people made offerings of fine metal objects, but never wore massive armlets. There are also at least three very large hillforts in their territory (Yeavering Bell, Eildon Hill and Traprain Law, the latter two now in Scotland), each was located on the top of a prominent hill or mountain. The hillforts may have been used for over a thousand years by this time as places of refuge and as places for meetings for political and religious ceremonies. Duddo Five Stones in North Northumberland and the Goatstones near Hadrian's Wall are stone circles dating from the Bronze Age.
When Gnaeus Julius Agricola was appointed Roman governor of Britain in 78 AD, most of northern Britain was still controlled by native British tribes. During his governorship Agricola extended Roman control north of Eboracum (York) and into what is now Scotland. Roman settlements, garrisons and roads were established throughout the Northumberland region.
The northern frontier of the Roman occupation fluctuated between Pons Aelius (now Newcastle) and the Forth. Hadrian's Wall was completed by about 130 AD, to define and defend the northern boundary of Roman Britain. By 142, the Romans had completed the Antonine Wall, a more northerly defensive border lying between the Forth and Clyde. However, by 164 they abandoned the Antonine Wall to consolidate defences at Hadrian's Wall.
Two important Roman roads in the region were the Stanegate and Dere Street, the latter extending through the Cheviot Hills to locations well north of the Tweed. Located at the intersection of these two roads, Coria (Corbridge), a Roman supply-base, was the most northerly large town in the Roman Empire. The Roman forts of Vercovicium (Housesteads) on Hadrian's Wall, and Vindolanda (Chesterholm) built to guard the Stanegate, had extensive civil settlements surrounding them.
The Celtic peoples living in the region between the Tyne and the Forth were known to the Romans as the Votadini. When not under direct Roman rule, they functioned as a friendly client kingdom, a somewhat porous buffer against the more warlike Picts to the north.
The gradual Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century led to a poorly documented age of conflict and chaos as different peoples contested territories in northern Britain.
Nearly 2000-year-old Roman boxing gloves were uncovered at Vindolanda in 2017 by the Vidolanda Trust experts led by Dr Andrew Birley. According to the Guardian, being similar in style and function to the full-hand modern boxing gloves, these two gloves found at Vindolanda look like leather bands date back to 120 AD. It is suggested that based on their difference from gladiator gloves warriors using this type of gloves had no purpose to kill each other. These gloves were probably used in a sport for promoting fighting skills. The gloves are currently displayed at Vindolanda's museum.
Conquests by Anglian invaders led to the establishment of the kingdoms of Deira and Bernicia. The first Anglian settlement was effected in 547 by Ida, who, accompanied by his six sons, pushed through the narrow strip of territory between the Cheviots and the sea, and set up a fortress at Bamburgh, which became the royal seat of the Bernician kings. About the end of the 6th century Bernicia was first united with the rival kingdom of Deira under the rule of Æthelfrith of Northumbria, and the district between the Humber and the Forth became known as the kingdom of Northumbria.
After Æthelfrith was killed in battle around 616, Edwin of Deira became king of Northumbria. Æthelfrith's son Oswald fled northwest to the Gaelic kingdom of Dál Riata where he was converted to Christianity by the monks of Iona. Meanwhile, Paulinus, the first bishop of York, converted King Edwin to Roman Christianity and began an extensive program of conversion and baptism. By his time the kingdom must have reached the west coast, as Edwin is said to have conquered the islands of Anglesey and Man. Under Edwin the Northumbrian kingdom became the chief power in Britain. However, when Cadwallon ap Cadfan defeated Edwin at Hatfield Chase in 633, Northumbria was divided into the former kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira and Christianity suffered a temporary decline.
In 634, Oswald defeated Cadwallon ap Cadfan at the Battle of Heavenfield, resulting in the re-unification of Northumbria. Oswald re-established Christianity in the kingdom and assigned a bishopric at Hexham, where Wilfrid erected a famous early English church. Reunification was followed by a period of Northumbrian expansion into Pictish territory and growing dominance over the Celtic kingdoms of Dál Riata and Strathclyde to the west. Northumbrian encroachments were abruptly curtailed in 685, when Ecgfrith suffered complete defeat by a Pictish force at the Battle of Nechtansmere.
When Saint Aidan came at the request of Oswald to preach to the Northumbrians he chose the island of Lindisfarne as the site of his church and monastery, and made it the head of the diocese which he founded in 635. For some years the see continued in peace, numbering among its bishops Saint Cuthbert, but in 793 Vikings landed on the island and burnt the settlement, killing many of the monks. The survivors, however, rebuilt the church and continued to live there until 883, when, through fear of a second invasion of the Danes, they fled inland, taking with them the body of Cuthbert and other holy relics.
Against this background, the monasteries of Northumbria developed some remarkably influential cultural products. Cædmon, a monk at Whitby Abbey, authored one of the earliest surviving examples of Old English poetry some time before 680. The Lindisfarne Gospels, an early example of insular art, is attributed to Eadfrith, the bishop of Lindisfarne from 698 to 721. Stenton (1971, p. 191) describes the book as follows.
In mere script it is no more than an admirable example of a noble style, and the figure drawing of its illustrations, though probably based on classical models, has more than a touch of naïveté. Its unique importance is due to the beauty and astonishing intricacy of its decoration. The nature of its ornament connects it very closely with a group of Irish manuscripts of which the Book of Kells is the most famous.
Bede's writing, at the Northumbrian monasteries at Wearmouth and Jarrow, gained him a reputation as the most learned scholar of his age. His work is notable for both its breadth (encompassing history, theology, science and literature) and quality, exemplified by the rigorous use of citation. Bede's most famous work is Ecclesiastical History of the English People, which is regarded as a highly influential early model of historical scholarship.
The kingdom of Northumbria ceased to exist in 927, when it was incorporated into England as an earldom by Athelstan, the first king of a united England[citation needed].. In 937, Athelstan's victory over a combined Norse-Celtic force in the battle of Brunanburh secured England's control of its northern territory.
The Scottish king Indulf captured Edinburgh in 954, which thenceforth remained in possession of the Scots. His successors made repeated attempts to extend their territory southwards. Malcolm II was finally successful, when, in 1018, he annihilated the Northumbrian army at Carham on the Tweed, and Eadulf the earl of Northumbria ceded all his territory to the north of that river as the price of peace. Henceforth Lothian, consisting of the former region of Northumbria between the Forth and the Tweed, remained in possession of the Scottish kings.
The term Northumberland was first recorded in its contracted modern sense in 1065 in an entry in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle relating to a rebellion against Tostig Godwinson.
The vigorous resistance of Northumbria to William the Conqueror was punished by ruthless harrying, mostly south of the River Tees. As recounted by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
A.D. 1068. This year King William gave Earl Robert the earldom over Northumberland; but the landsmen attacked him in the town of Durham, and slew him, and nine hundred men with him. Soon afterwards Edgar Etheling came with all the Northumbrians to York; and the townsmen made a treaty with him: but King William came from the South unawares on them with a large army, and put them to flight, and slew on the spot those who could not escape; which were many hundred men; and plundered the town. St. Peter's minster he made a profanation, and all other places also he despoiled and trampled upon; and the ethelling went back again to Scotland.
The Normans rebuilt the Anglian monasteries of Lindisfarne, Hexham and Tynemouth, and founded Norman abbeys at Newminster (1139), Alnwick (1147), Brinkburn (1180), Hulne, and Blanchland. Castles were built at Newcastle (1080), Alnwick (1096), Bamburgh (1131), Harbottle (1157), Prudhoe (1172), Warkworth (1205), Chillingham, Ford (1287), Dunstanburgh (1313), Morpeth, Langley (1350), Wark on Tweed and Norham (1121), the latter an enclave of the palatine bishops of Durham.
Northumberland county is not mentioned in the Domesday Survey, but the account of the issues of the county, as rendered by Odard the sheriff, is entered in the Great Roll of the Exchequer for 1131.
In 1237, Scotland renounced claims to Northumberland county in the Treaty of York.
During the reign of Edward I (1272–1307), the county of Northumberland was the district between the Tees and the Tweed, and had within it several scattered liberties subject to other powers: Durham, Sadberge, Bedlingtonshire, and Norhamshire belonging to the bishop of Durham; Hexhamshire to the archbishop of York; Tynedale to the king of Scotland; Emildon to the earl of Lancaster; and Redesdale to Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus. These franchises were exempt from the ordinary jurisdiction of the shire. Over time, some were incorporated within the county: Tynedale in 1495; Hexhamshire in 1572; and Norhamshire, Islandshire and Bedlingtonshire by the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844.
The county court for Northumberland was held at different times at Newcastle, Alnwick and Morpeth, until by statute of 1549 it was ordered that the court should thenceforth be held in the town and castle of Alnwick. Under the same statute the sheriffs of Northumberland, who had been in the habit of appropriating the issues of the county to their private use, were required thereafter to deliver in their accounts to the Exchequer in the same manner as the sheriffs of other counties.
From the Norman Conquest until the union of England and Scotland under James I and VI, Northumberland was the scene of perpetual inroads and devastations by the Scots. Norham, Alnwick and Wark were captured by David I of Scotland in the wars of Stephen's reign. In 1174, during his invasion of Northumbria, William I of Scotland, also known as William the Lion, was captured by a party of about four hundred mounted knights, led by Ranulf de Glanvill. This incident became known as the Battle of Alnwick. In 1295, Robert de Ros and the earls of Athol and Menteith ravaged Redesdale, Coquetdale and Tynedale. In 1314 the county was ravaged by king Robert Bruce. And so dire was the Scottish threat in 1382, that by special enactment the earl of Northumberland was ordered to remain on his estates to protect the border. In 1388, Henry Percy was taken prisoner and 1500 of his men slain at the battle of Otterburn, immortalised in the ballad of Chevy Chase.
Alnwick, Bamburgh and Dunstanburgh were garrisoned for the Lancastrian cause in 1462, but after the Yorkist victories of Hexham and Hedgley Moor in 1464, Alnwick and Dunstanburgh surrendered, and Bamburgh was taken by storm.
In September 1513, King James IV of Scotland was killed at the Battle of Flodden on Branxton Moor.
Roman Catholic support in Northumberland for Mary, Queen of Scots, led to the Rising of the North in 1569.
After uniting the English and Scottish thrones, James VI and I sharply curbed the lawlessness of the border reivers and brought relative peace to the region. There were Church of Scotland congregations in Northumberland in the 17th and 18th centuries.
During the Civil War of the 17th century, Newcastle was garrisoned for the king by the earl of Newcastle, but in 1644 it was captured by the Scots under the earl of Leven, and in 1646 Charles I was led there a captive under the charge of David Leslie.
Many of the chief Northumberland families were ruined in the Jacobite rebellion of 1715.
The mineral resources of the area appear to have been exploited to some extent from remote times. It is certain that coal was used by the Romans in Northumberland, and some coal ornaments found at Angerton have been attributed to the 7th century. In a 13th-century grant to Newminster Abbey a road for the conveyance of sea coal from the shore about Blyth is mentioned, and the Blyth coal field was worked throughout the 14th and 15th centuries. The coal trade on the Tyne did not exist to any extent before the 13th century, but from that period it developed rapidly, and Newcastle acquired the monopoly of the river shipping and coal trade. Lead was exported from Newcastle in the 12th century, probably from Hexhamshire, the lead mines of which were very prosperous throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. In a charter from Richard I to Hugh de Puiset creating him earl of Northumberland, mines of silver and iron are mentioned. A salt pan is mentioned at Warkworth in the 12th century; in the 13th century the salt industry flourished at the mouth of the river Blyth, and in the 15th century formed the principal occupation of the inhabitants of North and South Shields. In the reign of Elizabeth I, glass factories were set up at Newcastle by foreign refugees, and the industry spread rapidly along the Tyne. Tanning, both of leather and of nets, was largely practised in the 13th century, and the salmon fisheries in the Tyne were famous in the reign of Henry I.
John Smeaton designed the Coldstream Bridge and a bridge at Hexham.
Stephenson's Rocket
Invention of the steam turbine by Charles Algernon Parsons
A postcard entitled "Spring Morning in Suzhou" and issued by the Shangri-La Hotel in Suzhou.
From the Postcrossing "Restaurant" tag.
From my set entitled “The Flight Crew”
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/sets/72157607477197733/
In my collection entitled “Uncle Bill Watson”
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/collections/7215760783...
In my photostream
www.flickr.com/photos/21861018@N00/
My Uncle Bill Watson was born on March 3, 1922 in Grand Valley, Ontario. His mother was Lily Selma Watson, and his father was William Henry Watson. Before enlisting, he worked as a pharmacist’s apprentice in Mount Dennis, Ontario. He attended a Lorne Scots training program at Niagara-on-the-Lake from July to September, 1941
Bill attended #4 Wireless School in Guelph, Ontario, after which he entered service at No. 1 Manning Depot at the CNE grounds in Toronto. Upon leaving basic training, Bill attended #6 Initial Training School at the former normal school in St. James Square, Toronto. He received his officer’s commission after attending #4 Air Observation School in London Ontario (Crumlin)
Bill was chosen to become a navigator which attests to his high marks at Initial Training School. From January 3-16, 1944, Bill was posted at #1Y Depot in Halifax, and he attended #2 Air Gunner Training School in Lachine Quebec from January 16, 1944 to February 11, 1944.
Bill embarked from Halifax on March 5, 1994, and arrived at Greenoch, Scotland on March 14, 1944. From March 15, 1944 to April 18, 1944, Bill was stationed at #3 Personnel Receiving Centre in Bournemouth, Dorset where he awaited advanced postings. From April 18, 1944 to May 24, 1944, he was located at 9 Observer Aircraft Flying Unit, Llandwrog, Wales.
From May 24, 1944 until his death on July 23, 1944, Bill was part of #83 Operational Training Unit at Peplow, Shropshire. He was killed on a night training mission, when his Wellington bomber ditched in the Irish Sea, and he was buried at Blacon Cemetery, Chester on August 11, 1944
A wide spectrum of political and community leaders have come together for a symposium entitled Brexit, Borders and the Common Good, in Mullingar.
Among those attending were government ministers, TDs and local representatives, members of the public service, churches, community and voluntary groups, as well as young people. The purpose of the event was to enable respectful and informed discussion around the issue of Brexit. Taking place on the morning of 27 September, the venue was All Saints Church of Ireland, Mullingar.
The two distinguished speakers were Archbishop John Mc Dowell (Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland) as well as Professor Katy Hayward, Professor of Political Sociology at Queen’s University Belfast. She is an acknowledged expert on Brexit, as well as being author of the recently published book, What Do We Know and What Should We Do About the Irish Border? The Symposium was chaired by Bishop Pat Storey, the Church of Ireland Bishop of Meath and Kildare.
Due to Covid–19 attendance had to be by invitation. A wide spectrum of opinion on the matter was invited.
Brexit and the Northern Ireland Protocol has raised fears in parts of the Loyalist/Unionist community in the north and the ‘Irish Sea Border’ seems to have become a lightning rod to raise fear and damage confidence.
Speaking of his hopes for the symposium Canon Alastair Graham, rector of All Saint’s church and organiser of the event, had this to say: “In light of developments in the north regarding Brexit it seemed both appropriate and important that those of us in the midlands of Ireland would be informed of the situation. To help us in that we were delighted to have the privilege of hearing from two such distinguished speakers.”
In her presentation Prof Hayward observed that “where there is uncertainty fear can grow.” and that “… uncertainty and fear around Brexit has not yet passed.” She also said there was “… a sense that the tectonic plates are shifting.”
Prof Hayward noted that Brexit had raised existential questions for communities with regard to “territory, identity and borders”. Towards the end of her presentation, being conscious of diminishing levels of trust, she posed a question – “Is there a way of preventing a deepening of divisions?”
Archbishop McDowell began his presentation by saying that “Brexit, and now Covid–19, have exposed divisions in our society to such a degree that we are in danger of no longer being able to understand and act in the common good.”
He noted that “more of our society than we think depends on holding back on our individual or group aspirations … and saying that there are some things which can only be good for me if they are also good for you too.” He went on to say: “If we don’t start to think about that we will have a society forever divided into winners and losers. We win a political argument and say ‘right, that’s it’ we know what to do. But in a properly working democracy the people who are not in the majority are not going to go away. What am I going to do about that? Am I going to keep on poking them in the eye … or am I going to say, in the long term we are going to have to occupy the same space together, so we’re going to have to find something we can all gather around.”
Speaking specifically to young people present the Archbishop said: “Your vocation is to be the prophets of this country. Prophets are usually associated with predicting the future, but that wasn’t their public role in Israel. Prophets call communities back to their true vocation. They renew the vision of what it is to belong to a nation.” He continued, “They help to answer the questions around how do we want to live? What sort of a nation do we want to be.”
After the speakers made their presentations there was an opportunity for those attending to ask questions.
Introducing the symposium Bishop Storey said: “There have been many events organised, and conferences held over the years, and I hope this occasion will make an important contribution to building the reconciliation and understanding that is needed.”
Entitled the 'Out of Nothing' series, due to myself and my model wanting to do a collaborated project literally out of nothing, or for as free as we could possibly get it.
Model - Stacey Bournes
Official launching of a photo book entitled “Ending malnutrition in Ethiopia - A SUCCESS STORY” which illustrates Ethiopia’s success story in ending malnutrition, through the voices, stories and images of Ethiopians, Hawassa, 25 April 2018
Entitled THE GATEWAY TO SOHO (1973)
Designed by Forrest Meyers and cost $2000
Corner of Houston St & Broadway
These are the pieces from my first solo show, entitled “The Ghost of the You Haunted Me..." held at Rotofugi Gallery in Chicago, IL on Sept 7, 2012.
This body of work is the culmination of many of the elements found in my custom toy work within my Forest of Sorrows narrative and I have strived to create a cohesive storyline that ties together many of the concepts and themes seen over the past couple of years.
In this story, when people pass onto the next life, those with unfinished business are taken to the Silva Dolorosa (The Forest of Sorrows) to begin a life anew, where the choices and decisions they make will determine how their lives turn out.
At the end of days as one’s life ebbs away, the Flederkanichen creatures arrive to shepherd these souls, manifested as a seed, and carry them to the Silva Dolorosa. Upon arriving, they drop the soul seeds down into the depths of the forest where the Saplings catch them, plant them in their heads waiting for them to bloom again, at which point they will plant them on the forest floor in the perfect place, so that the souls can begin their new lives.
On one particular day, with one particular soul seed dropped by the Flederkanichen, a big gust of wind blew the seed out of the hand of the Sapling assigned to it and it hit the ground, breaking the cardinal rule of the forest. It was at this moment that Locket, the geist girl was reborn in this limbo, confused and bewildered as to where she was. Frightened, she runs deep into the forest to discover who she was in her previous life, and what she was to become in the next.
Concurrently, at the moment at which Locket was born, the last guardian of the forest, the Hollow Knight, was awakened from deep slumber, tasked with ensuring the sanctity of the Silva and all of its denizens. He sets off on a quest to find Locket, only to encounter yet another new visitor to the forest - the ferocious and monstrous Blackwülf, who seems to be racing the Hollow Knight in a quest to reach Locket first.
This is the story of death, understanding, rebirth and redemption. I hope that the pieces I have created for this show will help to give an insight into this story that I have been telling.
Photos taken by Kirby Kerr.
Please contact rotofugi.com for availability.
Secretary-General António Guterres addresses the audience during the event entitled “Dag Hammarskjöld Medal Ceremony and Military Gender Advocate of the Year Award”, held on the occasion of the International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers (29 May).
The event is organized by the Department of Peace Operations (DPO) and the Office of Military Affairs (OMA).
UN Photo/Evan Schneider
Captain Cecilia Erzuah of Ghana, receiver of the Military Gender Advocate of the Year Award, addresses the event entitled “Dag Hammarskjöld Medal Ceremony and Military Gender Advocate of the Year Award” held on the occasion of the International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers (29 May).
The event is organized by the Department of Peace Operations (DPO) and the Office of Military Affairs (OMA).
UN Photo/Evan Schneider
25 May 2023
New York, United States of America
Photo # UN7987499
A cultural event entitled “ASEAN @ 50 – Intellectual Property, Innovation and Development” featuring innovations from the bloc’s ten member countries and musical and dance performances was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017. WIPO co-organized the event with the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) to mark the Organization’s 50th anniversary.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
Description: 'Photograph (Cinematograph Film) entitled 'With Captain Scott [Royal Navy] to the South Pole (British Antarctic Expedition)'. 'Two men at side of hut in ice'' by Herbert Ponting (1870-1935).
Date: c.1911
Our Catalogue Reference: COPY 1/562/72
This image shows a single frame from the very short (3-4 frame) sections of nitrate film stock accessioned at The National Archives from Herbert Ponting's footage of the Antarctic. For preservation reasons copies were made of of the original nitrate negatives and these were used to produce modern black and white Kodak prints of the clips which we have scanned for the web. The quality of the resultant images is variable.
Feel free to share it within the spirit of the Commons.
For high quality reproductions of any item from our collection please contact our image library.
The education kit entitled “Riskland: the fun way to learn how to prevent disasters” is the outcome of a joint initiative between the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). This product was developed at the end of 2002 by the ISDR Regional Unit for Latin America and the Caribbean, in cooperation with UNICEF Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNICEF-TACRO). Initially, it was addressed for countries in the LAC region and was originally produced in Spanish, English and Portuguese.
Riesgolandia, aprendamos jugando cómo prevenir desastres tiene la intención de poner a disposición de la comunidad educativa y a los niños y las niñas de América Latina y el Caribe una herramienta innovadora e interactiva para la reducción del riesgo de desastres.
inspired by a poem entitled "Shattered Toes" and created for the literary night by www.myspace.com/hatsandtales.
Shattered Toes
I slip, I slide.
With precision I balance my whole self.
I focus on an exact point
Slightly to the right.
And slowly to the left
I shuffle in my stride.
That exact point
Slightly to the right
Blinds and glares.
And as I stare
It burns a hole through my self.
Then in the distance it dwindles to a slight.
The heat intoxicates my lungs
My chest
My toes
My memories
It affects my balance
I must keep my balance
Or I may fall
Fall fall
Onto that heat
Onto my chest
All those memories
I mustn’t forget.
So I gracefully point my twisted toes
And continue with my steps.
My lips are red and whole
And ripe with determination.
I must arrive
At my destination.
I walk in an exact line
Slowly
Ever so slowly.
Every movement is bursting with suspense
Till suddenly
I let go
I slip, I slide
Slowly
Ever so slowly
The sky is blue and heavenly
I tumble
And break
Crack and break
Onto that heat
My chest explodes
And all my memories
Are shattered
And forgotten.
School of Pharmacy, Hajvery University has organized a very knowledge worthy and successful one day scientific conference entitled “International Conference on Pharmaceutics and Neuropharmacology” on 24th April 2013 in collaboration with Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK and Pakistan Pharmacist Association. Funding body for this entire event was PPQP, National Talent Pool, Ministry of Education and Training, Government of Pakistan. In this conference, Hajvery University has brought together not only pharmacist community of Pakistan but also doctors. It has provided a platform to them to interact with each other for amelioration of health status of people. Two international and twenty national speakers has shared their original research work and their personal experiences with audience. International speakers from university of Cambridge, UK (Dr. Sohail Ejaz) and University of Eastern Philipine (Prof. Dr. Gerry Armor Camer) and national speakers from Hajvery University Lahore, University of Punjab Lahore, UVAS Lahore, University of Lahore, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center Lahore, University of South Asia Lahore, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Bhauddin Zakria University Multan and Islamia University Bahawalpur have presented their papers which is a record number of presenters, presenting their research work in a single day conference. A handsome number of participants from medical and health field have attended and highly appreciated the event management and Hajvery University in their remarks. This was an enormous International Conference in which Pharmaceutical industries were invited for the exhibition to promote their products and new research inventions which has contributed towards the awareness of community. Hajvery University (HU) is one of the leading Universities in Pakistan. HU is Chartered by Govt. Of Pakistan, Accredited by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) and rated W category. HU is a progressive, Student Centric University, focused on offering rigorous, market driven courses in Business, Fashion, Engineering, Computer sciences, Textile Design, Media Studies, Economics, Commerce, Pharmacy & English For details: Web: www.hup.edu.pk, UAN: 042-111-777-007 Email: info@hup.edu.pk
In January 2010, Representative Paul Ryan (R–WI) re-introduced the Roadmap for America’s Future, a comprehensive bill that would reform entitlements. According to the non-partisan Congressional Budget Office, this bill would eliminate long-term deficits and place the budget on a sustainable course.
Read more: www.heritage.org/budgetchartbook/long-term-entitlement-sp...
Secretary-General António Guterres greets Captain Cecilia Erzuah of Ghana, receiver of the Military Gender Advocate of the Year Award.
The event entitled “Dag Hammarskjöld Medal Ceremony and Military Gender Advocate of the Year Award” is held on the occasion of the International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers (29 May) and organized by the Department of Peace Operations (DPO) and the Office of Military Affairs (OMA).
UN Photo/Evan Schneider
25 May 2023
New York, United States of America
Photo # UN7987458
A cultural event entitled “ASEAN @ 50 – Intellectual Property, Innovation and Development” featuring innovations from the bloc’s ten member countries and musical and dance performances was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017. WIPO co-organized the event with the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) to mark the Organization’s 50th anniversary.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
An exhibition entitled “Furthering Intellectual Property in Colombia” was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017.
It explored intellectual property (IP) rights protection in Colombia, the development of its national IP system and the country’s continuous efforts to foster innovation and creativity. WIPO co-organized the event with the Government of Colombia.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
Description: 'Photograph (Cinematograph Film) entitled 'With Captain Scott [Royal Navy] to the South Pole (British Antarctic Expedition)'. 'Men on deck of [Steam Yacht] 'Terra Nova' cheering and waving their hands, land in background No 1' by Herbert Ponting (1870-1935).
Date: c.1911
Our Catalogue Reference: COPY 1/562/102
This image shows a single frame from the very short (3-4 frame) sections of nitrate film stock accessioned at The National Archives from Herbert Ponting's footage of the Antarctic. For preservation reasons copies were made of of the original nitrate negatives and these were used to produce modern black and white Kodak prints of the clips which we have scanned for the web. The quality of the resultant images is variable.
Feel free to share it within the spirit of the Commons.
For high quality reproductions of any item from our collection please contact our image library.
Off Runway: Tribute to Women in Dior: Housed in the Christian Dior Museum, the exhibition entitled “Women in ... t.co/bDFDHC0clQ (via Twitter twitter.com/luxury_hd/status/727094897447038977)
looks like a face to me...start with the nose in the middle...above that, two eyes...and chin below the nose....
yep...my old 3rd grade teacher come back to haunt me about that spelling test I flunked!
An exhibition entitled “Furthering Intellectual Property in Colombia” was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017.
It explored intellectual property (IP) rights protection in Colombia, the development of its national IP system and the country’s continuous efforts to foster innovation and creativity. WIPO co-organized the event with the Government of Colombia.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
Juliet Anammah, Chairwoman, Jumia Nigeria and Group Chief Sustainability Officer, speaks at a panel discussion entitled “Actions Supporting an Innovation-Driven Productivity Revival” during the launch event for the Global Innovation Index 2022.
Held at WIPO headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the launch event featured a presentation of key findings, two panel discussions, as well as a high-level opening and a series of ministerial statements.
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Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Mural entitled "Scenic and Historic Booneville" painted in 1943. This is one of the murals that's title does not match it's content. The artist had wanted to paint a minor, local Civil War skirmish--hence the title. The Section of Fine Arts said no. This mural is still in the old PO building--now the Chancery Court Building. My Aunt Mary Fowler took the picture for me.
An exhibition entitled “Geographical Indications – Identities of Territories” was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017.
It presented the Italian geographical indications system through the most representative appellations of origin and geographical indications, their territories and representatives of producers, agro-food and wine. WIPO co-organized the event with the Government of Italy.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
The education kit entitled “Riskland: the fun way to learn how to prevent disasters” is the outcome of a joint initiative between the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). This product was developed at the end of 2002 by the ISDR Regional Unit for Latin America and the Caribbean, in cooperation with UNICEF Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean (UNICEF-TACRO). Initially, it was addressed for countries in the LAC region and was originally produced in Spanish, English and Portuguese.
Riesgolandia, aprendamos jugando cómo prevenir desastres tiene la intención de poner a disposición de la comunidad educativa y a los niños y las niñas de América Latina y el Caribe una herramienta innovadora e interactiva para la reducción del riesgo de desastres.
Dogs may not yet be entitled to vote but they are allowed to come and watch as long as they don't disrupt the vote.
According to previous guidance issued by the Electoral Commission, dogs must be in an "accompanying" role rather than "free-range".
In cases where a voter has two or more dogs and will struggle to control them while casting their ballot, polling station staff may hold the dogs' leads.
Rural constituencies might have cases of voters riding to the polling station. In such cases, horses and ponies should be tethered up outside. There is no guidance on other animals such as rabbits, ferrets or pot-bellied pigs, so any decision will be at the discretion of presiding officers.
We exercised this right and our dog accompanied us into the Village Hall. We ignored the Birstall Parish Council sign that stated 'No Dogs' (except Guide Dogs). Nobody batted an eye lid.
#DogsAtPollingStations
A cultural event entitled “Follow Georgia” featuring an exhibition of work by contemporary Georgian artist Ms. Tamara Kvesitadze and a music performance by ethno-jazz band “Shin” was held on the sidelines of the Assemblies of WIPO Member States, which met from October 2-11, 2017.
Ms. Tamara Kvesitadze’s works take roots in antiquity and mythology as well as in surrealism, which successfully combine art and construction. The music of the Shin smoothly combines Georgian folk melodies with jazz, which is the sound of Georgia’s musical encounter with the world.
WIPO co-organized the event with the Government of Georgia to mark the 25th Anniversary of the National Intellectual Property Center of Georgia – SAKPATENTI.
Copyright: WIPO. Photo: Violaine Martin. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 IGO License.
My first book, entitled Shorebirds of Ireland will be in your shops soon!!!
The Arctic Skua, Stercorarius parasiticus, known as the Parasitic Jaeger in North America, and referred to as the Parasitic Skua in some publications, is a seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae.
This species breeds in the north of Eurasia and North America, with significant populations as far south as northern Scotland. It nests on dry tundra, higher fells and islands. Like other skuas, it will fly at the head of a human or fox approaching its nest. Although it cannot inflict serious damage, it is a frightening and painful experience. It is a migrant, wintering at sea in the tropics and southern oceans.
Identification of this skua is complicated by its similarities to Long-tailed Skua and Pomarine Skua, and the existence of three colour phases. This is one of the smaller skuas at about 41 cm length, excluding the pointed central tail feathers of the summer adult, which can add another 7 cm or so. Light phase adults have a brown back, mainly white underparts and dark primary wing feathers with a white "flash". The head and neck are yellowish-white with a black cap and there is a pointed central tail projection.
This is a dark phase adult taken in northern Iceland.