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This evolving installation by ceramic artist Paul Cummins, with setting by stage designer Tom Piper, was unveiled on 5th August 2014; one hundred years since the first full day of Britain’s involvement in the First World War.
Entitled 'Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red', the installation is being created in the Tower of London’s famous dry moat. It will continue to grow throughout the summer until the moat is filled with 888,246 ceramic poppies, each poppy representing a British or Colonial military fatality during the Great War.
The poppies will encircle the Tower, creating not only a spectacular display, but also an inspiring setting for learning activities, as well as providing a location for personal reflection. The scale of the installation reflects the magnitude of such an important centenary, creating a powerful visual commemoration. The last poppy will symbolically be planted on 11th November 2014.
See more at: poppies.hrp.org.uk/about-the-installation
Laura was 20 when we met, so I was around for some real formative years, was around to watch her style evolve, her life twist and turn, and her face! Her face as it seemed to get longer, more refined, not older, but more mature, if that makes sense.
Feel like, with aging, we slow down around 28, until the 40s, when we start getting Old.
I'm looking at this photo, thinking of the first ones we ever took together, was a real gift, getting to see someone move into adulthood on camera.
Italien / Venetien- Gardasee
seen from Monte Baldo Massif near the cable car station
gesehen vom Monte Monte Baldo Massif in der Nähe der Seilbahnstation
Lake Garda (Italian: Lago di Garda [ˈlaːɡo di ˈɡarda] or (Lago) Benaco [beˈnaːko]; Eastern Lombard: Lach de Garda; Venetian: Ƚago de Garda; Latin: Benacus; Ancient Greek: Βήνακος) is the largest lake in Italy. It is a popular holiday location in northern Italy, about halfway between Brescia and Verona, and between Venice and Milan on the edge of the Dolomites. Glaciers formed this alpine region at the end of the last Ice Age. The lake and its shoreline are divided between the provinces of Verona (to the south-east), Brescia (south-west), and Trentino (north). The name Garda, which the lake has been referred to in documents dating to the 8th century, comes from the town of the same name. It is evolved from the Germanic word warda, meaning "place of guard", "place of observation" or "place of safety".
Geography
The northern part of the lake is narrower, surrounded by mountains, the majority of which belong to the Gruppo del Baldo. The shape is typical of a moraine valley, probably having been formed under the action of a Paleolithic glacier. Although traces of the glacier's actions are evident today, in more recent years it has been hypothesised that the glacier occupied a previously existing depression, created by stream erosion 5 to 6 million years ago.
The lake has numerous small islands and five main ones, the largest being Isola del Garda, where, in 1220 St. Francis of Assisi founded a monastery. In its place now stands a 19th-century building in the Venetian Gothic style. Nearby to the south is Isola San Biagio, also known as the Isola dei Conigli ("Island of the Rabbits"). Both are offshore of San Felice del Benaco, on the lake's western side. The three other main islands are Isola dell'Olivo, Isola di Sogno, and Isola di Trimelone, all farther north near the eastern side. The main tributary is the Sarca River, others include the Ponale River (fed by Lago di Ledro), the Varone/Magnone River (via the Cascate del Varone) and various streams from both mountainsides, while the only outlet is the Mincio River (79 metres (259 ft), at Peschiera). The subdivision is created by the presence of a fault submerged between Sirmione and Punta San Vigilio which is almost a natural barrier that hampers the homogenization between the water of the two zones.
If the water level of the Adige river is excessive, water is diverted to the lake through the Mori-Torbole tunnel.
History
Battle of Lake Benacus, in which Roman forces defeated the Alamanni on the shores of Lake Garda, in the year 268.
Battle between Milan and Venetian Republic in 1438 following the military engineering feat of galeas per montes.
Battle of Rivoli, in 1797 during the French campaign of Napoleon I in Italy against Austria.
Battle of Solferino in 1859, during the Italian Risorgimento. The terrible aftermath of this battle led to the Geneva Convention and the formation of the Red Cross.
The lake was the site of naval battles in 1866 between Italy and Austria.
As persuaded by the Nazis, Benito Mussolini established the capital of his Italian Social Republic in late 1943 in a villa in the town of Salò on its shores. It served as a nexus for military operations and communications for German troops who occupied northern Italy in late 1943 during World War II.
Mythology
According to the Greco-Roman mythology, the River Mincius was the child of the Lake Benacus.
(Wikipedia)
Monte Baldo (German: Waldberg) is a mountain range in the Italian Alps, located in the provinces of Trento and Verona. Its ridge spans mainly northeast-southwest, and is bounded from south by the highland ending at Caprino Veronese, from west by Lake Garda, from north by the valley joining Rovereto to Nago-Torbole and, from east, the Val d'Adige.
The name derives from the German Wald ("forest"); it appears for the first time in a German map in 1163. The Peace Trail (it: Sentiero della Pace), one of the most important long distance trails in Northern Italy, leads over the range. The ridge is reachable through a cable car from the nearby town of Malcesine, on the shore of Lake Garda.
Morphology
Mount Baldo is characterized by a geographical identity, a ridge parallel to Lake Garda, which stretches for 40 kilometres (25 miles), between the lake to the west and Val d'Adige to the east, and on the south it is bounded by plain Caprino and North Valley Loppio. Mount Baldo reaches its maximum elevation of 2,218 m with the Cima Valdritta, and its minimum elevation of 65 m on Lake Garda. Other prominent peaks in the range are Monte Altissimo di Nago (2,079 m), Cima del Longino (2,180 m), Cima delle Pozzette (2,132 m) and Punta Telegrafo (2,200 m).
(Wikipedia)
Der Gardasee (italienisch Lago di Garda oder Bènaco), einer der oberitalienischen Seen, ist der größte See Italiens, benannt nach der Gemeinde Garda am Ostufer. Sein antiker Name lautete von etwa 200 v. Chr. bis 800 n. Chr. Lacus benacus. Der Name soll von einer alten Gottheit namens Benacus abstammen. Der Gardasee wurde in der vergangenen Eiszeit durch einen Seitenast des Etschgletschers geformt, dessen Spuren man noch heute verfolgen kann, insbesondere durch die Endmoränen um das Südufer z. B. bei Lonato del Garda, Solferino, Valeggio sul Mincio und Custoza. Erste Besiedlungen des Seeufers datieren um das Jahr 2000 v. Chr.
Geographie
Lage
Der Gardasee liegt zwischen den Alpen im Norden und der Po-Ebene im Süden und ist daher ein Alpenrandsee. Der Norden des Sees gehört zur Region Trentino-Südtirol, der Westen zur Lombardei und der Osten zu Venetien. Damit teilen sich die drei Provinzen Trient (Norden), Verona (Osten) und Brescia (Westen) die Verwaltung.
Das nördliche Ufer des Sees ist von Zweitausendern der Gardaseeberge wie dem Monte Baldo umsäumt; das südliche Ufer liegt bereits in der norditalienischen Tiefebene.
In der Nähe des Sees befinden sich bekannte Weinbaugebiete:
Südlich von Desenzano del Garda liegt das Lugana-Gebiet
Östlich vom Gardasee finden sich die Gebiete des Bardolino- und des Soave-Weins
Ebenfalls östlich (zwischen dem Gardasee und Verona) liegt das Valpolicella-Gebiet
Zu- und Abflüsse
Der Gardasee wird hauptsächlich durch den Fluss Sarca gespeist. Dieser fließt am Nordende bei Torbole in den See. Als Mincio verlässt der Fluss bei Peschiera del Garda den Gardasee und fließt später in den Po. Neben den insgesamt 25 Zuflüssen gibt es noch einen künstlichen Zufluss in Form des 1959 fertiggestellten Etsch-Gardasee-Tunnels, dessen Tunnelausgang am südlichen Ortsausgang von Torbole liegt und der im Falle einer stark Hochwasser führenden Etsch geöffnet wird.
Pegel
Der Pegelnullpunkt liegt bei Peschiera del Garda bei 64,027 m s.l.m. Er unterliegt zum Teil starken saisonalen Schwankungen, da das Wasser des Gardasees über seinen Abfluss Mincio zur Bewässerung der intensiv landwirtschaftlich genutzten Flächen zwischen Verona und Mantua genutzt wird. Zum anderen sind die Schwankungen auch durch die Wasserentnahme für die Stromerzeugung im Oberlauf der Sarca bedingt.
Der Pegeltiefstand wurde in den Jahren 2003 und 2007 mit jeweils 8 cm unter Pegelnull erreicht, der Höchststand lag am 2. Juli 1879 bei 216 cm über Pegelnull. 1960 stand der Pegel bei 212 cm aufgrund der Öffnung des Etsch-Gardasee-Tunnels. Nicht festlegen lässt sich der Pegel von 1673 und 1746, als der Ort Desenzano del Garda überschwemmt wurde. Außer in Peschiera wird der Pegelstand auch in Riva del Garda und Torri del Benaco gemessen.
Inseln
Im See befinden sich fünf Inseln, die größte, Isola del Garda mit der Villa Borghese, liegt in der Nähe von Salò. Etwa zwei Kilometer südlich davon, ebenfalls in der Bucht von Manerba und San Felice, liegt die Isola San Biagio auch als „i Conigli“ (deutsch: die Kaninchen) bezeichnet. San Biagio ist ein beliebtes Ausflugsziel, das mit dem Boot oder zu Fuß vom Festland (je nach Wasserstand hüfttief oder trockenen Fußes) erreicht werden kann. Vor Assenza (zwischen Porto di Brenzone und Malcesine) liegt die Isola di Trimelone, diese ist allerdings militärisches Sperrgebiet. Etwas weiter nördlich von Trimelone liegt bei Malcesine im Val di Sogno die Isola del Sogno und nördlich davon die Isola dell’Olivo.
Geschichte
Aus der Bronzezeit stammen zahlreiche Pfahlbautensiedlungen, die direkt am Seeufer oder im unmittelbaren Hinterland des Gardasees errichtet wurden und seit 2011 zum UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe zählen.
Die Schlacht am Lacus Benacus (lateinisch für Gardasee) wurde im November des Jahres 268 an den Ufern des Gardasees in Norditalien zwischen Alamannen und Römern unter Kaiser Claudius Gothicus ausgetragen.
Unter den Signorie fiel der Gardasee zwischen dem 13. und 14. Jahrhundert unter den Einflussbereich der Scaliger, die zahlreiche Burgen insbesondere an den östlichen und südlichen Uferorten (Malcesine, Torri del Benaco, Lazise und Sirmione) errichteten. Im 15. Jahrhundert wurde der See und seine Uferorte zum Schauplatz im Kampf um die Vorherrschaft in Oberitalien zwischen dem Herzogtum Mailand unter den Viscontis und der Republik Venedig. Als militärische Glanzleistung zählte hierbei der Transport einer venezianischen Flotte vom Etschtal über die Berge nach Torbole im Jahr 1439, ein von der Republik Venedig als Galeas per montes bezeichnetes Unternehmen. Mit der im Frieden von Lodi 1454 festgelegten Grenze am Fluss Adda fiel der Gardasee endgültig unter den Einflussbereich der Dogenrepublik. Letztere baute insbesondere Peschiera am strategisch wichtigen Abfluss des Mincio zur Festung aus, die 2017 von der UNESCO zum Weltkulturerbe erklärt wurde.
Während des Spanischen Erbfolgekrieges zu Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts versuchte General Vendôme mit seinen Truppen über das Nordufer in Richtung Norden vorzustoßen und hinterließ eine Spur der Verwüstung. Dabei wurden zahlreiche Burgen von den Franzosen zerstört, wie Castel Penede in Nago, die Burg von Arco oder Castel Drena, die als Ruinen erhalten sind. Am 19. April 1706 schlug Vendôme in der Schlacht bei Calcinato am Südufer des Sees die kaiserlichen Truppen unter dem Oberbefehl von Christian Detlev von Reventlow.
Die Schlacht bei Rivoli, die im Ersten Koalitionskrieg im Januar 1797 in der Nähe des Ortes Rivoli (südöstlich von Garda) stattfand, war ein Schlüsselerfolg der französischen Armee unter Napoleon Bonaparte im Italienfeldzug über ein zahlenmäßig überlegenes habsburgisches Heer unter Feldmarschall Alvinczy. Aufgrund des Vertrages von Pressburg vom 26. Dezember 1805, mit dem die Grafschaft Tirol zu Bayern fiel, gehörte die Nordspitze des Gardasees von Anfang 1806 bis Anfang 1810 als sogenannter Etschkreis zum Königreich Bayern und anschließend, wie der übrige See auch, zum Königreich Italien. Nach dem Wiener Kongress 1815 fiel der gesamte See dem Kaisertum Österreich zu und war Bestandteil des Königreichs Lombardo-Venetien.
Die Schlacht von Solferino am Südufer war die Entscheidungsschlacht im Sardinischen Krieg zwischen dem Kaisertum Österreich und dem Königreich Sardinien und dessen Verbündetem Frankreich unter Napoléon III. Durch die Niederlage der Österreicher bei Solferino am 24. Juni 1859 wurde der Weg zur Einigung Italiens frei gemacht. Die Grausamkeit der Schlacht und die Hilflosigkeit der verwundeten Soldaten veranlassten Henry Dunant (1828–1910) zur Gründung des Roten Kreuzes und führten zur Vereinbarung der Genfer Konvention von 1864.
Nach dem Verlust der Lombardei und dem dazugehörigen Westufer des Gardasees 1859, verlor Österreich 1866 nach dem Dritten Italienischen Unabhängigkeitskrieg mit Venetien auch das Ostufer, nur die Nordspitze, mit Riva del Garda, verblieb bis 1918 bei Österreich-Ungarn. Der See wurde in dieser Zeit auch „Gartsee“ genannt. Während des Ersten Weltkrieges verlief die Front direkt am Nordufer des Sees entlang, an dem zahlreiche Festungsanlagen errichtet worden waren.
Nach dem Sturz Mussolinis 1943 wurde auf Forderung der deutschen, nationalsozialistischen Regierung in Nord- und Mittelitalien die Marionettenregierung der faschistischen Italienischen Sozialrepublik (Repubblica Sociale Italiana, auch: Republik von Salò) unter Mussolinis Führung als Gegenregierung installiert, die im gleichnamigen Ort am Westufer des Gardasees ihren Regierungssitz hatte. Der Staat bestand zwischen dem 23. September 1943 und dem 25. April 1945. Am 30. April 1945 endete mit der Befreiung von Torbole und Riva durch die 10. US-Gebirgsdivision der Zweite Weltkrieg am Gardasee.
Tourismus
Der Gardasee ist ein beliebtes Reiseziel. Rund um den See gibt es Hotels, Pensionen, Ferienwohnungen und Campingplätze. Ein Großteil der Ferienunterkünfte ist von Ende März bis Anfang Oktober geöffnet. Die Hauptsaison ist Juli und speziell der August. In den Wintermonaten sind die meisten Hotels, Cafés und Restaurants geschlossen. 2018 gab es am Ufer 24 Millionen Übernachtungen.
Am Südufer des Sees befinden sich zahlreiche Freizeitparks wie das Gardaland oder das Canevaworld. Das Nordufer ist vor allem bei Kletterern, Mountainbikern und Surfern beliebt.
(Wikipedia)
Der Monte Baldo ist ein zwischen Gardasee und Etsch gelegener, etwa 30 Kilometer langer Bergrücken, der zum Gebirgszug der Gardaseeberge zählt.
Geographie
Eingegrenzt wird der Monte Baldo im Norden vom Loppiotal und Passo San Giovanni, im Osten vom Etschtal, im Westen vom Gardasee und im Süden von den Moränenhügel bei Rivoli Veronese und der Ebene bei Caprino Veronese.
Er hat keinen ausgezeichneten Gipfel, aber einige Spitzen: Monte Altissimo di Nago (2078 m), Cima del Longino (2180 m), Cima delle Pozzette (2132 m), Cima Valdritta (2218 m) und Punta Telegrafo (2200 m). Den tiefsten Einschnitt im Bergrücken des Monte Baldo bildet der Sattel Bocca di Navene auf 1425 m. Am Monte Baldo befinden sich außer dem Lago di Loppio am Nordende und dem Stausee Lago di Prà della Stua keine größeren stehenden Gewässer.
Der geologische Ursprung des Monte Baldo ist auf die Ablagerungen verschiedener Kalke im Mesozoikum im warmen Tethysmeer zurückzuführen, die bei der Entstehung der Alpen hochgefaltet wurden. Neben Sedimenten sind am Baldo darüber hinaus Spuren von Eruptivgesteinen wie Basalt und Tuff vorzufinden. Die heutige Form geht auf vier Eiszeiten zurück, die den Bergrücken geformt haben. Von der letzten Würmeiszeit finden sich noch einige Spuren, wie große abgeschliffene Felsplatten, Gletschertöpfe und Moränenhügel.
Tourenmöglichkeiten
Die Luftseilbahn Funivia Malcesine-Monte Baldo führt von Malcesine in zwei Teilstücken zur Bergstation Tratto Spino auf 1760 m s.l.m.. Sie bedient im Winter das angeschlossene Skigebiet und wird im Sommer von Wanderern und Radfahrern genutzt, die hier verschiedene Schotterpisten als Downhillstrecken nutzen. Auch als Startplatz für Gleitschirmflieger ist der Monte Baldo auf Grund seiner leichten Erreichbarkeit über die Seilbahn und der enormen Höhendifferenz (1680 m) zum Landeplatz in Malcesine äußerst beliebt. Regelmäßig werden hier Sicherheitstrainings über Wasser durchgeführt.
Von der Bergstation sind unter anderem die Schutzhütten Telegrafo im Süden und Altissimo im Norden zu erreichen, die beide über den Monte Baldo Höhenweg (italienisch Alta via del Monte Baldo) mit dem Tratto Spino verbunden sind.
(Wikipedia)
Mural "evolve" by Ben Johnston at Ieperstraat 5, Oostende in the context of 'The Crystal Ship Oostende - 2025'.
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The Crystal Ship zet in 2025 koers naar verandering waarin ‘change’ de rode draad vormt.
De Canadese muurkunstenaar Ben Johnston (afkomstig uit Zuid Africa) speelt met letters. Zijn typografische murals balanceren op de grens tussen taal en beeld - lees je een woord of kijk je naar een kunstwerk? Met kleur, schaduw en perspectief creëert hij 3D-letters die van de muur af springen.
Veranderen en aanpassen, dat is hoe het hoort. Naast een school is het woord 'evolve' = 'evolueren' perfect. Het spreekt echt over het idee van verandering, maar dan op een positieve manier, zegt Ben Johnston in zijn video.
www.thecrystalship.be/nl/kunstwerken/ben-johnston
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The Crystal Ship sets course for change in 2025, with ‘change’ as the common thread.
Canadian mural artist Ben Johnston (originally from South Africa) plays with letters. His typographic murals balance on the border between language and image - are you reading a word or looking at a work of art? With color, shadow and perspective he creates 3D letters that jump off the wall.
Changing and adapting is the way we should be. Next to a school, the word "evolve" is perfect. It kind of really speaks to the idea of change, but in a positive way, says Ben Johnston in his video.
JUST EVOLVE-GRAFFITI
At The Best of SL Boulevard & The Emporia, Renaissance Galleria
+ Shoes| AZOURY - Lust High heel shoes [Red] (Avalaible in 6 colours) The Crossroads - Lust World - open July 3 th.
+ Jewelry| F I N E S M I T H PNINIM
Details @ lucemiablog.wordpress.com/2016/07/02/lucemia-evolve-7/
Blog LuceMia
My Flickr
www.flickr.com/photos/lucemia/
My FB
When I started taking pics two years ago, I immediately fell in love with the pastel and vintage tones. But lately I am drawn into more vibrant colors or muted film tone. I wish I could stay consistent with one tone but I think it is lovely to see ourselves continue to grow and try something new. :)
When I am taking pictures, I like to see the surrounding of my subject to see if there is something that I can use as a background. This flower stands tall among orange, yellow leaf and I thought it provides a lovely contrast.
Happy Sunday!
EVOLVE - JUST EVOLVE SHOPPING-SHE
Details @
Blog LuceMia
My Flickr
www.flickr.com/photos/lucemia/
My FB
EVOLVE - JUST EVOLVE SHOPPING-SEARCHING (Whit Hud colors change)
+ Hair | .:EMO-tions:. * TALON *
New at Shiny Shabby
Details @ lucemiablog.wordpress.com/2016/08/19/lucemia-evolve-11/
Blog LuceMia
My Flickr
www.flickr.com/photos/lucemia/
My FB
New at .evolve.
.evolve.hodgepodge.satchel.
This slouchy bag is available in 6 different versions. Each purchases includes a rigged and non rigged version. Both include a hold animation.
For the FBTB Star Wars Evolved Contest
Last year's model, at a significant discount!
The S-foils revolve around a quick-change reactor tube: mount the engine best suited to your mission in a matter of minutes instead of hours.
Making a tight atmospheric turn in urban combat? No problem! The independent S-foils can remain horizontal even while the primary airfoil drops out of vertical, giving you that little extra lift that might just make all the difference!
The 6 fusial thrusters provide much-needed redundancy in battle: thrust vectoring is maintained even in the face of a disabled thruster, and straight-line thrust remains available even if any two thrusters are taken out.
The primary airfoil supports stackable armored weapon pods; mount half a dozen lightweight weapons, or a few heavy ones, depending on mission and preference. (Structural limitations may apply.) The S-foil weapon pods are not stackable, but are similarly armored.
The cab-forward see-around cockpit and droid slot are combined into an escape pod with eight thrusters, itself mounted on the Gyro-stabilizer you know and love!
Have your integrated Nav-Computer and your favorite droid, too -- it never hurts to have a backup, does it? Your droid can target weapons and perform repairs while the integrated systems prepare your hyperspace jump -- to fame and glory!
created with Nightcafe AI
EVOLVED with RealVisXL v4 Lightning from Fluently XL Lightning
It started with a TEXT ONLY creation on Dreamshaper v8
The prompt is one mashed together from two prompts I used in the past quite often. Also shared with my good friend Paulo Cunha - from the time I created a slew of posts about the Cryptid Taxidermy Museum
PROMPT:
Detailed (drawing by artist Otto Rapp 1.5) at the Cryptid Taxidermy Museum in post apocalyptic Wonderland, in heaven everything is fine by lady in the radiator and brothers quay, drawing by H.R. Giger, by Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Hieronymus Bosch, Alphonse Mucha, intricately detailed, hyperrealism, fantasy, Bogomils Universe tattooed albino contortionist freak created by the cryptid taxidermist Dr. Moreau using (body parts from chimeras and dragons 1.0) based on the island of Dr Moreau in Bogomils Universe, fantasy painting by Otto Rapp, H.R.Giger, Hieronymus Bosch, Alphonse Mucha, inticately detailed, imperial colors.
The former Bank of New South Wales was built in Gill Street, Charters Towers in 1889, replacing a number of earlier timber bank buildings on other sites in both Charters Towers and nearby Millchester. This two-storey masonry building addressing Gill Street also has a number of additions to the rear which demonstrate the evolution of the banking industry in the town over time. It complements other significant bank buildings in nearby Mosman Street, including the former Australian Joint Stock Bank, now the World Theatre and the former Queensland National Bank building which now serves as the City Hall.
Charters Towers' gold was first discovered in December 1871, by an Aboriginal boy named Jupiter who tended the horses for prospectors Hugh Mosman, George Clarke, and John Fraser. A storm frightened the horses into a gap in the hills, and while retrieving them, Jupiter found a rich vein of gold laden quartz. Mosman travelled to Ravenswood in early January 1872 to register the claim which he named Charters Towers, honouring the Gold Commissioner for the Broughton gold fields. By March 1872, Commissioner Charters had issued 25 prospecting area permits in the vicinity of Mosman's claim, and the rush began.
The earliest settlement grew around diggings at the confluence of Buchanan's Gully and Gladstone Creek and was known as Millchester. A few miles west of Millchester, another settlement evolved which became Charters Towers. It included a number of stores, hotels, and a butcher shop along a track that was to become Mosman Street. The population of Charters Towers was reputedly 3000 by August 1872. There was rivalry between the two settlements, particularly after the courthouse was erected at Millchester in 1873.
In the meantime, it had become evident that the procurement of gold from the deep seams of Charter Towers required substantial machinery to crush quartz and sink shafts. This required working capital to finance machinery and to pay the wages of workers employed on these time consuming processes. The Queensland Gold Fields Act 1874 and Gold Mining Companies Act 1875 allowed for combinations of leases, claims, and syndicates in order to work their leases at great depths. The legislation also underpinned the establishment of permanent settlement which would attract capital investment to the field. The influx of money and the resultant yield of gold were reflected in the growth of the township and the establishment of banks, mining companies, and mining agencies and exchanges. Two banking companies, the Australian Joint Stock Bank and the Bank of New Soute Wales (NSW) established offices on the goldfields by July 1872, only six months after the registration of the first claims.
The Bank of New South Wales was the first bank established in Australia (February 1817) but it was restricted to trading in Sydney until 1850. After restructuring, it opened its first branch outside Sydney, in Brisbane, on the 14th of November 1850, also being the first bank established in Queensland. It continued to expand rapidly with the rush of gold discoveries in New South Wales and Victoria. The bank set up agencies and gold-buying agents at every new mining venture in order to spread its network and consolidate its position. Bank officers were urged on by their superiors to be the first to a new location to set up a gold-buying agency. By 1861 the Bank of New South Wales had grown from a single Sydney office to a network of 37 branches in Australia and New Zealand.
The expansion of the Bank of New South Wales into North Queensland was driven by Robert Towns, one of its directors. Bank establishment followed both pastoral development and mineral discoveries. Port Denison, established to serve pastoralists, became the municipality of Bowen in 1863. By 1864 there was Bowen branch of the Bank of NSW, followed by one in Townsville in March 1866, where Towns and his partner John Melton Black had established a boiling down works. Another branch opened on the Ravenswood goldfields in 1870, one at Cardwell, (the terminus for the gold escort) in 1871 and in Charters Towers and Georgetown in 1872. The Cooktown branch, servicing the Palmer River fields opened in 1876, then Thornborough in 1877 on the Hodgkinson goldfields, followed by Cairns and Port Douglas. The Charters Towers Bank of New South Wales had opened only two days after the Australian Joint Stock Bank, which had opened on the 2nd of July 1872. Then in October 1872, both banks relocated to nearby Millchester.
In Millchester, land on the northern corner of Jardine and Macdonald Streets was formally transferred to the Bank of New South Wales in April 1875, but the actual sale is likely to have occurred prior to the title documentation. The Joint Stock Bank owned land opposite in Macdonald Street, and the Queensland National Bank opened in 1873 adjacent. Then in July 1874, a cottage was reported to have been relocated to Mosman Street, Charters Towers, to be used as an agency of the Bank of New South Wales. Presumably, the main branch remained in Millchester. At the time Charters Towers was described as: ‘solidifying rapidly and is giving undeniable proof that it means to stand. New shops and stores are going up. Buildings are being renovated and painted...'
Charters Towers soon dominated. A town survey was undertaken in November 1874, and marked out allotments in a ‘T' formation, with the mines and provision stores of Mosman Street on one axis, and the road to Millchester marked by Gill Street on the other. In January 1876, the Bank of New South Wales was relocated to Charters Towers, with Millchester becoming the agency office. This relocation was touted by the Northern Miner newspaper, as ‘the beginning of the end' for Millchester. Charters Towers was declared a municipality in 1877 encompassing one square mile centred on Mosman Street. It included new churches, the Oddfellows and Good Templar Lodges, and 21 hotels and 57 shops. The Bank of New South Wales moved into new premises in March 1877, described as a five roomed banking house, bringing solidarity to the top end of Mosman Street.
The wealth of the Charters Towers goldfields grew in the following years, particularly following the 1886 Colonial and Indian Exhibition in London where specimens of Charters Towers Gold were featured. Almost immediately English investors seized the opportunity to be part of the Charters Towers gold riches. Mining companies were formed, managed by Charters Towers' mining agents and share-brokers, and while some shares were held by English interests, many local people prospered through their investments, which then led to an expansion of banking facilities and mining exchanges. Banks and gold buyers purchased the gold, minted it into sovereigns in Australia and England, which were held in the vaults of banks in Melbourne, London, Berlin, and New York and then shipped to pay international debt. According to the Northern Miner newspaper, there were five banks in Gill Street in mid 1887: the Bank of New South Wales, the Bank of Australasia, the London Chartered Bank, and the Union and Royal Banks. The Queensland National and the Australian Joint Stock Bank remained in Mosman Street.
The Bank of New South Wales gradually improved banking facilities during the 1880s when many new branches opened in Queensland. Most directors were keen for bank premises in country towns to emphasise dignity, size, and solidity in the design of their buildings demonstrating the bank's capacity to survive and consolidate. Consequently, well known architects were employed to design bank buildings in New South Wales, and throughout Australia and New Zealand.
This was the case in Charters Towers. The Bank of New South Wales purchased an allotment in February 1887, diagonally opposite the post office in Gill Street, on which to erect a new substantial brick building. Architects Eyre and Munro called for tenders in the local newspaper in April 1888. The firm had offices in Townsville and Charters Towers. The Charters Towers office was run by William Henry Allan Munro, who had been previously employed in Townsville by architects and builders Rooney Brothers. After winning a competition for the design of the Queensland Hotel, he was taken into partnership with Walter Morris Eyre. In 1887 he became the junior partner, managing the Charters Towers office. Eyre, brother-in-law of architect FDG Stanley, had managed Stanley's Maryborough office between 1882 and 1885 before relocating to Townsville, where he supervised the construction of the Bank of New South Wales in Flinders Street. The Eyre and Munro partnership designed many north Queensland buildings including the 1889 Holy Trinity Church of England in Herberton, the 1890 Bank of North Queensland in Cooktown, the 1890 - 1891 Townsville School of Arts, and the 1892 Burns Philp Building, now part of Bartlam's Store in Charters Towers. They also designed the building on the corner of Deane and Gill Streets for auctioneers Ackers, Wilson, Ayton and Ryan, built in 1888 which later housed the Royal Bank of Queensland.
Construction of the new bank was by contractor Mr Kelleher under the supervision of Eyre and Munro. It opened for business on Monday the 13th of May 1889, and was described as ‘handsome and very pleasing, an imposing structure, superior to anything north of Brisbane' and overshadowing the adjacent Bank of Australasia (no longer extant). While the Northern Miner newspaper reported the cost at £9,000, the bank's archives indicated £6,040. The new building was seen as the way forward in both structure and location. The inclusion of a commodious manager's private apartment was usual for regional banks.
On the ground floor the building comprised banking chamber, fitted handsomely in polished cedar, the upper part of the various partitions being in ornamental ground glass...ample room for the public in front of the counter for the transaction of business, and a table... placed there for the accommodation of those who may desire to fill in deposit slips, requisitions for drafts, &c; a counter...14 ft long by 4ft 6 in [4.2 x 1.4m] wide, with the bill department on the right, and the exchange clerks' office on the left; ledger desks...placed at the back of the counter. To the left of the main entrance to the public hall is the manager's room, ...and opening out of that is the accountant's office... which has a raised floor, so that the official, by simply standing up, can get a good view of all that is going on. There is a passage leading from the manager's room to the dining-room, which, with the exception of the kitchen and servants' offices is the only one of the private apartments on the ground floor. At the rear of the ledger-desks are the strong room (fireproof), a lavatory and a stationery-room. Leaving the dining-room, we come to the private hall, which is approached from the passage to the left of the building. The upper floor is reached by a staircase from this hall...and contains a handsome drawing room...communicating by folding doors with another large room...which will be used by Mr Beattie for his own bedroom. There are three other bedrooms and a dressing room, all of large dimensions, with linen closet and a bathroom. The upper part of the building has a balcony running around three sides...and the internal passages are all proportionately spacious. The servants' quarters on the ground floor comprise kitchen, pantry, wash-house and sleeping apartment, and are furnished with the usual appurtenances for cooking and washing. Stabling has yet to be erected. Gas is laid on in every room and provision is made: for the Burdekin water supply when that scheme is complete. In the meantime there are three 1000 gallon [45 litres] tanks all full. The chimney-pieces and other fittings are in cedar, and are in excellent taste. All the rooms are ceiled, with mouldings, &c., of elegant design, and ventilation and drainage have been specially attended to.'
An economic downturn occurred in 1888, during the construction of the bank, due to a decrease in overseas investment and a continuing drought which led to the closure of crushing machines due to lack of water. The slump was short-lived after the development of the Brilliant Reef, which when mined to a depth of 3000 feet (914 m), became the biggest producer in the field.
Charters Towers was at its economic peak in the late 19th century. According to Government Geologist Robert Logan Jack, Charters Towers was the third largest gold producing area in Australia, after Ballarat and Sandhurst (Bendigo). Many new buildings were completed in this period in Charters Towers. The ‘T' junction of Mosman and Gill Streets became the financial district of Charters Towers. For one block to the east, north, and south were eight banks, the post and telegraph office, two assaying offices, and four solicitor's offices. Share-brokers occupied the Royal Arcade, and other offices were located in Mosman and Bow Streets. The Royal Arcade was built in 1888 for Alexander Malcolm and by 1890 the Stock Exchange operated from the building. Other significant buildings of this era include the 1887 - 1892 Masonic Lodge and the 1892 Post Office. Banks of this era include the 1881 (lowset timber) Bank of Australasia, the London Chartered Bank (which purchased the two-storey masonry building from local builder Hugh Ross in 1887), the former Australian Joint Stock Bank and the Queensland National (QN) Bank, both designed by FDG Stanley and both built in 1891. The Union Bank then occupied the former QN Bank premises in Mosman Street. All of these buildings remain, apart from the Bank of Australasia. The Bank of New South Wales was considered the first financial institution to erect premises worthy of the town and the business conducted there. The North Queensland Register claimed it was the largest banking institution in Australasia in the 1890s.
The banking crisis of 1893, when the Queensland National Bank and the Australian Joint Stock Bank, both suspended trading, led to an increase in business for the Bank of New South Wales in Charters Towers, when successful mining companies transferred their accounts. At that time there were eight banking businesses operating in Charters Towers; the Australian Joint Stock Bank, Bank of Australasia, Bank of NSW, Bank of North Queensland, London Chartered Bank, Queensland National Bank, the Royal Bank and the Union Bank, and all were still operating after the crisis had passed.
In 1899, Charters Towers was the second most important city in Queensland with a population of over 26,000, and an internationally noted goldfield. The gold yield for the state rose dramatically following the development of the Brilliant Reef, and in 1891, rose from 123, 000 ounces (3487 kg) to 218 000 ounces (6181 kg). It reached its all time peak of 319, 572 ounces (9059.7 kg), yielding over £2, 000, 000 by 1899. Gold production contributed between 21.61 and 35.53 percent of Queensland's export income during the 1880s and 1890s. These enormous amounts of gold were purchased by banks, which played a vital role in this process of wealth creation and distribution.
Gold production had been the mainstay of the Queensland mining sector in the 1890s, amounting to 85 per cent to 92.8 per cent of mining production during the decade. Apart from a brief spike in production at Mount Morgan in 1888 - 1889, Charters Towers consistently out-produced the other major gold mining areas of Ravenswood, Gympie, and Mount Morgan between 1880 and 1913. While Gympie peaked between 1901 and 1906, generally figures for all centres declined in the early 20th century. Charters Towers' production of 96, 046 oz (2723 kg) in 1912, fell to 42, 777 oz (1213 kg) in 1916 and was reduced to 8095 oz (22.9 kg) by 1919.
Despite Charters Towers being declared a city in 1909, the downturn in mining from 1914 and its virtual cessation by 1917 contributed to a steady decrease in population during this time. A town that had boasted a population of 25, 000 in 1900, when it was the second largest in Queensland, was reduced to just 13, 000 by the end of World War I (WWI). Between 1914 and 1918 more than 900 homes and business premises were removed from Charters Towers. Many were dismantled and transported by train to Townsville or Ayr where they were re-erected. Others were relocated to various places in Western Queensland. Nevertheless, banking institutions remained in town to service the regional rural economy and included the Bank of New South Wales, the Bank of Australasia, the London Chartered Bank, the Queensland National Bank, the Union Bank and the Bank of Commerce in the early 1920s. The Bank of New South Wales took over the Western Australian Bank in 1927, and then absorbed the Australian Bank of Commerce in 1931.
The Bank of New South Wales occupied the building in Gill Street until 1970 and during this time a number of repairs and small modifications were made. Renovations were undertaken in 1910 included plastering, painting, and general repairs, with further unidentified alterations occurring in 1921 and 1940. A post-1900 photograph of the rear of the bank shows rendering to the face-brick walls of the bank core and service wing; lattice panels fixed to the western verandahs of the manager's apartment and service wing; horizontal battens on the wash house and stables and a lavatory in the far south-western corner. It is likely that the female toilets attached to the northern western corner of the bank were built during WWI when women were employed to make up for the shortfall of men. Following the 1931 merger with the Australian Bank of Commerce, the amalgamated business was carried on in the Bank of New South Wales premises in Gill Street. The former Bank of Commerce building (originally the Joint Stock Bank) was used as accommodation for bank officers. It was sold in 1937.
The Charters Towers Bank of New South Wales played an important role in the Pacific Campaign of World War II, as the New Guinean Bank of New South Wales branches in the towns of Wau, Samrai, Rabaul, and Port Moresby were successively evacuated in January and early February 1942, due to bombing or threat of bombing. The transportable business effects including records, cash, and bullion were taken by boat to Townsville, and a custodian branch was set up in Charters Towers, while the reconstruction of the business was undertaken in Brisbane.
The Charters Towers City Council acquired the Queensland National Bank building in 1949 and relocated its administrative operations there. The building was then known as the Town Hall. A library was established in the old town hall building. The Charters Towers City Council acquired the former Bank of Commerce (AJS Bank) in 1992 and converted it into the World Theatre.
In 1967 a property exchange was made with the Charters Towers City Council, whereby the Bank of New South Wales acquired the old town hall site owned by the council. The old timber Town Hall was demolished in August 1968. The bank continued to occupy its original building during the construction of a new building on this site, which opened on the 16th of March 1970. The Bank of New South Wales acquired the Victorian based Commercial Bank of Australia Ltd in 1982 and then changed its name to Westpac, reflecting the Western Pacific region in which it now operated.
From 1982, the former Bank of New South Wales building was used as the council library and child care centre. The property was formally transferred to the Council in 1984. The council erected women's toilets to the rear of the western side of the building sometime prior to 1980. During the 1980s a restaurant occupied the first floor of the building. In the 1990s it housed the offices of Skill West and Skill Share, as well as school support services provided by Education Queensland. The semi-detached building at the rear has undergone a number of renovations over time. The library was relocated in 2003 and the day care centre ceased operation. The former Bank of New South Wales building has had a number of tenants since that time including a real estate agent and a Bendigo Bank Agency. The Australian Association of Distance Education Schools utilised space on the first floor for training purposes in the 2000s. The building was renamed Wherry House in 2006 to honour a former mayor Paul Wherry and his wife Molly who served the city from 1952 to 1964. Plaques commemorating their community work were installed in the building in November 2006.
Source: Queensland Heritage Register.
EVOLVE - JUST EVOLVE-LEMONADE DRESS
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Documenting life at Furzton Lake MK 2 of 2.
The lake is evolving and construction is underway for a themed pitch and putt course with a cafe and much needed public toilets. Completion is due this summer, when hopefully the weather will be a bit sunnier than it was at the weekend...
The Triple Head Star sculpture, seen here rising above the mud, will be carefully dismantled and repositioned near to the new facilities. So hopefully in a few months time, assuming we are finally free from Covid restrictions, I’ll be able to stop off here on my regular walks and practice my golf swing - and afterwards have a tea and pee!
After the fall of the Galactic Empire, with the cessation of large scale hostilities, the Y-Wing evolved from a fighter/attack bomber into a paramilitary patrol interceptor/courier - smaller, more agile, faster, and less heavily armed.
To combat the rising threat of the First Order, Resistance forces acquired scores of the latest generation Y-Wings and modified them for multi-role combat duty. This program was code-named Project HEY THEIR (Highly Evolved Y-Wing To Hinder Expanding Imperialistic Regime).
Heavy blasters were added, while body panels were removed to ease maintenance and create space to carry larger external payloads, e.g. proton torpedo racks, ion cannon turrets, cargo pallets, and auxiliary fuel tanks.
Join the fun at the FBTB Star Wars Evolved Contest!
AI NIGHTCAFE
EVOLVED with the soon to be eliminated Juggernaut v9 Lightning
Using the creative Upscaler after, plus double sized in my photo software
'
Originally, the seed image came from Dreamwombo, created with a shorter version of the same prompt.
This prompt goes back quite some time, over a year ago.
60% prompt 67% noise
PROMPT:
"Fallen Angels", in cryptid taxidermy post apocalyptic wonderland , in heaven everything is fine by lady in the radiator and brothers quay, painting by H.R. Giger, by David Lynch, Hieronymus Bosch, Gustav Dore, Cronenberg, surrealism, intricately detailed, hyperrealism, fantasy, imperial colors; Bogomils Universe , Cryptid Taxidermy