View allAll Photos Tagged Digestion
Tree scale is caused by the digestion of usually rotting wood by scores of different fungal species. As the fungi digest the wood these scales develop on the outer surface of the wood. The scales vary greatly in size color and shape and some can become quite beautiful with alternating layers of color. This series taken at the Broughtons Wildlife Education Area near Marietta Ohio in Dec 2014
Good food, good sex, good digestion, good sleep: to these basic animal pleasures, man has added nothing but the good cigarette. ~ Mignon McLaughlin, The Second Neurotic's Notebook, 1966
if the deer are lying down it is a good indication they are ruminating this is part of the deer’s digestion process. Try not to make the deer move as this upsets their digestion.
Thank you so much for visiting my stream, whether you comments , favorites or just have a look.
I appreciate it very much, wishing the best of luck and good light.
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Hoatzins are strange birds. One of their peculiarities is that they ferment leaves in their foregut like cows, sheep and deer. They rely on microbes to break down the plants' cellulose into digestible sugars, a process which takes many hours, from 24-48 hours in the case of solid food. For this reason hoatzins spend much of the time perched in bushes doing very little other than digesting their morning meal. Furthermore, in order to accommodate the foregut and its content, which can amount to 25% of the bird's total weight, the sternum and flight muscles are greatly reduced, thus limiting them to short and rather laboured flights. Hoatzins also have a reputation for being very smelly, and are known as the 'stinking pheasant' in Guyana. They are reported to smell like fresh cow manure, which might be related to their form of digestion. Their smell, and its association with inedibility, has probably protected the species from the level of hunting experienced by other large birds in South America.
MANY THANKS FOR YOUR KIND COMMENTS AND FAVS........ PLEASE TAKE A LOOK AT MY PHOTOSTREAM, FOR GENERAL PHOTOS ACROSS THE WHOLE SPECTRUM NATURE AND WILDLIFE.
Capybaras are found throughout most of South America. They are the largest rodents in the world and can grow up to over 4' feet in length. The word Capybara comes from the Guarani word, meaning, 'master of the grasses'. They are highly social and are usually found in groups of between 10-20 individuals.
They live in swampy savannas and flooded forests. They are excellent swimmers and have partially webbed feet, and can even sleep under the water with their noses peaking out. They feed on grasses, acquatic plants, fruit and bark, and to aid digestion will even eat their own 'poo'.
They are not endangered, but in recent times have suffered from habitat loss through farming and forest clearence. They are hunted for their meat and skin which is highly valued as leather.
The oil produced from star anise contains thymol, terpineol and anethole, which is used for treating coughs and flu. Anise also helps improve digestion, alleviate cramps and reduce nausea. Consuming star anise tea after meals helps treat digestive ailments such as bloating, gas, indigestion and constipation.
Drinking one glass of water infused with the crushed seeds of star anise at night can increase one's sex drive!
Bearded Tit (Panurus Biarmicus) male, on a path next to a reedbed.
The Bearded Tit or Bearded Reedling spends much of its time moving around and feeding in the reedbeds. It comes down to the paths to eat grit which helps it to digest its diet of seeds and invertebrates.
Photo taken at Far Ings nature reserve, Lincolnshire in early November.
Camera: Nikon D300
Lens: Nikon Af-S Ii 400mm F2.8 If-Ed with 2x teleconverter.
Support: Manfrotto monopod 680B with 393 Bracket.
I use my photos as inspiration for paintings which can be seen at:
The world classs spa at Grand Velas Riviera Nayarit improves circulation, eases muscle tension, helps digestion and stimulates the lymphatic system which actively eliminates toxins from the body. Combined with the psychological benefits of relaxation and tension release, massage contributes to overall health and facilitates natural body healing.
El spa de clase mundial del Grand Velas Riviera Nayarit ayuda a la buena circulación, tensión muscular, ayuda a la digestión y estimula el sistema linfático que activamente elimina las toxinas del cuerpo. Combinado con los beneficios psicológicos de relajación y libreación de tensión, ls masajes contribuyen a la buena salud y facilita la recuperación natural del cuerpo
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Landscape in the Connemara National Park during a hike, Connemara, County Galway, Ireland
Some background information:
Six weeks, no photos: After catching the ESME virus (caused by a tick bite) I finally feel able to upload pictures again. The last six weeks were really complicated. It started with fever, shivers, an outage of motor functions (falling down several times) and communication disorder. Hence, I was brought to a university hospital by an ambulance. After two weeks of medical examinations, where they found several "shadows" in my brain (caused by both meningitis and encephalitis), I was eventually discharged from hospital.
However, I was still in rather bad shape. Having lost twelve kilograms of muscular mass, I couldn’t climb stairs and was in a great deal of pain. Curre ntly, I am still suffering from back age and limb pain, but at least, I’ve started to recover now. To advance recovery, I will have to make an in-patient rehab for the next three weeks. Hopefully, my muscles will be built up again and the therapists there will also allay my pain. It’s still some way back to where I was, but I am full of confidence that I will get there in a few months.
The Connemara National Park is one of six national parks in Ireland, managed by the National Parks and Wildlife Service. It is located on the Irish west coast in the northwest of the Connemara region in County Galway. The park was founded and opened to the public in 1980. It features 2,000 ha (4,900 acres) of mountains, bogs, heaths, grasslands and forests. The entrance is situated on the Clifden side of the village of Letterfrack. There are many remnants of human habitation within the park, e.g. a 19th-century graveyard as well as 4,000-year-old megalithic court tombs. Much of the land once used to belong to the Kylemore Abbey estate.
Western blanket bog and heathland are the most common vegetation of the Connemara National Park. The boglands are situated in the wet low lying environments whereas the blanket bog exists within the drier mountain atmosphere. Purple moorgrass is the most bountiful plant, creating colorful landscapes throughout the countryside. Carnivorous plants play an important role in the park's ecosystem, the most common being sundew and butterworts trap. Bogs hold very little nutrients so many plants obtain their energy from the digestion of insects. Other common plants include lousewort, bog cotton, milkwort, bog asphodel, orchids and bog myrtle, with a variety of lichens and mosses.
The Connemara National Park is noted for its diversity of bird life. Common song birds include meadow pipits, skylarks, European stonechats, common chaffinches, European robins and Eurasian wrens. Native birds of prey include the common kestrel and Eurasian sparrowhawk with the merlin and peregrine falcon being seen less frequently. Woodcock, common snipe, common starling, song thrush, mistle thrush, redwing, fieldfare and mountain goat migrate to Connemara during the winter.
Mammals are often difficult to find, but are present nonetheless. Field mice are common in the woodlands, whereas rabbits, foxes, stoats, shrews, and bats at night, are often sighted in the boglands. Red deer once roamed the Connemara but were extirpated from the area approximately 150 years ago. An attempt was made to reintroduce red deer to Connemara and a herd was established within the park. Nowadays, the largest mammal in the park is the Connemara pony.
The Wild Atlantic Way is a tourism trail on the west coast, and on parts of the north and south coasts, of Ireland. The serrated logo of the Wild Atlantic Way symbolises the letters W – A - W. The 2,500 km (1,553 mile) driving route passes through nine counties and three provinces, stretching from County Donegal's Inishowen Peninsula in the very north of Ireland to Kinsale, County Cork, on the Celtic Sea coast in the very south. Along the route there are 157 discovery points, 1,000 attractions and more than 2,500 activities. In 2014, the route was officially launched by the Republic of Ireland’s Minister of State for Tourism and Sport, Michael Ring.
However, the roads forming the Wild Atlantic Way have always been favoured by locals and tourists alike for generations even before they became known collectively as the Wild Atlantic Way route. They offer truly spectacular Atlantic Ocean vistas as well as many places to visit and sights by the roadside. More than 150 locations have been officially designated as Discovery Points. These have been marked locally with a special signpost.
County Galway is a county in the west of Ireland, taking up the south of the province of Connacht. The traditional county includes the city of Galway, but the city and county are separate local government areas. Currently, the population of the county is more than 276,000. In the west of the county, there are several Irish-speaking areas.
The first inhabitants in the Galway area arrived over 7000 years ago. The county originally comprised several kingdoms and territories which predate the formation of the county. These kingdoms included Aidhne, Uí Maine, Maigh Seóla, Conmhaícne Mara, Soghain and Máenmaige. In 1569, County Galway became an official entity. The region known as Connemara retains a distinct identity within the county, though its boundaries are unclear. Hence, it may account for as much as one third or as little as 20% of the county. Places of interest in Galway are among others the Connemara National Park, Kylemore Abbey and Dunguaire Castle.
IN….digestion!! Not likely the scene that you’ll want to look at during mealtime and not the photo that you would like to post if you are trying to demonstrate the sharpness of your camera, but it’s something that some people might not know. When these herons catch a crab or any other crustation and eat it, they usually swallow every bit of the prey and that includes the shell. The shells are not digestible and they are not passed by the heron either and so there has to be a method to get rid of all of those tiny pieces of shell and pinchers. It all comes out in pellet form as you can see in this capture…that is if you can see through the leaves of the tree. Not so clear, but I hope you get the picture. This Yellow-crowned Night Heron was perched up in a tree and there was a very small hole through the branches to see him and make the capture. I repositioned the canoe a number of times and was able to come away with this capture. He was not at all amused by my presence and wanted to be left alone. Didn’t realize this was happening at the time.
In case you want a better view of what actually happens, you can view the capture that was taken roughly 8 years ago.
Also, a bit of additional information. The day was heavily overcast and I would normally go to Horsepen Bayou, but decided to paddle Armand Bayou which is easily accessible from Bay Area Park. It was different and there were quite a few birds to be seen.
BTW, the content and quality should improve tomorrow. I guess that's somewhat of a guarantee…lol!
A7R01448uls
This was a grabbed behavioural shot taken in a mountain car park in Slovenia. I was pretty surprised to see these birds on the ground in a small flock of about a dozen. They were all intent on eating the gravel, presumably as an aid to digestion. I know some birds do this but had never seen it in action. Not a fantastic shot as taken from car but interesting.
Photographed at the Palo Alto Baylands in Palo Alto, California
Walking, no blind
Canon Mark II f/5.6 1/640 ISO 400 700.0 mm
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From Wikipedia: Pied-billed grebes are small, stocky, and short-necked. They are 31–38 cm (12–15 in) in length, with a wingspan of 45–62 cm (18–24 in) and weigh 253–568 g (8.9–20.0 oz).They are mainly brown, with a darker crown and back. Their brown color serves as camouflage in the marshes they live in. They do not have white under their wings when flying, like other grebes. Their undertail is white and they have a short, blunt chicken-like bill that is a light grey color, which in summer is encircled by a broad black band (hence the name). In the summer, its throat is black. There is no sexual dimorphism. Juveniles have black and white stripes and look more like winter adults. This grebe does not have webbed feet. Its toes have lobes that come out of the side of each toe. These lobes allow for easy paddling. When flying, the feet appear behind the body due to the feet's placement in the far back of the body.
Pied-billed grebes feed mainly on aquatic invertebrates, and also on small fish and amphibians (frogs, tadpoles). They dive to obtain food. Their bills allow them to crush crustaceans, like crawfish. They may also eat plants. They have been shown to eat their own feathers, like other grebes, to aid in digestion (prevent injury from small bones). They will also feed their feathers to their young.
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Atlas d'anatomie descriptive du corps humain.
Bonamy, Broca, "Beau (dessinateur) "
Troisième partie , appareil de la digestion, appareil surrénal, rein.
(Paris G. Masson éditeur)
(e) Dream caused by the physiologic stigmata of the entropic process of addictive self-digestion gnawing the obscene flesh of this stupid enzymatico-prosumerist dove few decades before its pointless waking in the thermocarbonic anthropocene . .
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Outlining a Theory of General Creativity . .
. . on a 'Pataphysical projectory
Entropy ≥ Memory ● Creativity ²
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Etudes du jour:
S = k Log N
( Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann - 1844. .1906 )
"Les hommes se trompent en ce qu’ils se pensent libres, opinion qui consiste seulement en ceci, qu’ils sont conscients de leurs actions, et ignorants des causes qui les déterminent."
( Baruch Spinoza - Ethique II - Scolie prop. XXXV )
men are deceived in that they think themselves free [i.e., they think that, of their own free will, they can either do a thing or forbear doing it], an opinion which consists only in this, that they are conscious of their actions and ignorant of the causes by which they are determined.
L'homme sait assez souvent ce qu'il fait,
il ne sait jamais ce que fait ce qu'il fait.
( Paul Valery )
The man quite often knows what he is doing,
he never knows what does what he's doing.
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rectO-persO | E ≥ m.C² | co~errAnce | TiLt
On the capture is the blossom of the peppermint, respectively a tiny tiny part of the blossom.
Peppermint Benefits
Peppermint is an excellent digestive aid. It soothes and calms the digestive system when used internally or externally. I use it to make my Digestion Tincture, which I use for morning sickness, motion sickness, and stomach aches. Peppermint helps get rid of gas, indigestion and heartburn. It’s also good for relaxing nerves and improving circulation. This tincture literally gets me through the first three months of pregnancy.
Peppermint Leaf makes a delicious, calming (and caffeine free) tea that is invigorating in the morning and which improves digestion if consumed after meals.
I use Peppermint Essential Oil and Peppermint Tea as a natural headache remedy (oil on the back of neck and the temples and drink the tea).
A mild peppermint tea consumed internally or added to a bath can help bring down a fever gently without medicine and without interfering with the body’s ability to fight illness.
HMM :-)
Después de un largo día, no hay nada mejor que saltar bajo las cobijas, pasar una excelente noche y despertar renovado luego de unas cuantas horas de sueño placentero. Pero, así no lo creas la posición en la que duermes dice mucho de tu estado de salud. Aquí, te presentamos lo que significan en t...
This insect met a sticky and grizzly end. Sundews are very good at what they do! [Wianamatta Nature Reserve, NSW]
Eating an abundance of junk seems normal to today’s generation. Over the past few years, in urban metropolitan cities, the tradition of eating home cooked Indian food is swapped by quick fix snacks, chips and biscuits etc. Easy availability and low cost are a major cause for the growing fad for junk food among kids. Junk food is a classic example of unbalanced diet usually characterized by high proportion of carbohydrates, refined sugar, salt, fats and low nutritional value, which can raise various health concerns like obesity, cardiac disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure etc. These food are processed and refined in such a way that they lose most of the key nutrients, have low fiber and poor water content. Effects of junk food on our digestive system: Junk food is unhealthy for digestive system as they slowdown the digestion process making the stomach bloated. In order to digest food, stomach needs enzymes and fast food does not have them. When food is absorbed by the intestine it requires fiber and water to excrete but they don't have such nutrients which leads to poor digestion and irritable bowels. Carbs and sugar in fast food and processed food can increase acids in your mouth. These acids can break down tooth enamel. As tooth enamel disappears, bacteria can take hold, and cavities may develop.
Obesity can also lead to complications with bone density and muscle mass. People who are obese have a greater risk for falling and breaking bones. It’s important to keep exercising to build muscles, which support your bones, and maintain a healthy diet to minimize bone loss.Fast food may satisfy hunger in the short term, but long-term results are less positive. People who eat fast food and processed pastries are 51 percent more likely to develop depression than people who don’t eat those foods or eat very few of them.Excess calories from fast-food meals can cause weight gain. This may lead toward obesity.Obesity increases your risk for respiratory problems, including asthma and shortness of breath. The extra pounds can put pressure on your heart and lungs and symptoms may show up even with little exertion. You may notice difficulty breathing when you’re walking, climbing stairs, or exercising. For children, the risk of respiratory problems is especially clear. One study found that children who eat fast food at least three times a week are more likely to develop asthma.Most fast food, including drinks and sides, are loaded with carbohydrates with little to no fiber. When your digestive system breaks down these foods, the carbs are released as glucose (sugar) into your bloodstream. As a result, your blood sugar increases. Your pancreas responds to the surge in glucose by releasing insulin. Insulin transports sugar throughout your body to cells that need it for energy. As your body uses or stores the sugar, your blood sugar returns to normal.How many carbs should you eat in a day? » This blood sugar process is highly regulated by your body, and as long as you’re healthy, your organs can properly handle these sugar spikes. But frequently eating high amounts of carbs can lead to repeated spikes in your blood sugar. Overtime, these insulin spikes may cause your body’s normal insulin response to falter. This increases your risk for weight gain, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Swinging through the drive-thru or hopping into your favorite fast-food restaurant tends to happen more often than some would like to admit. According to the Food Institute’s analysis of data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, millennials alone spend 44 percent of their budget’s food dollars on eating out.
Junk food is a pejorative term for food containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little fibre, protein, vitamins or minerals. Junk food can also refer to high protein food like meat prepared with saturated fat. Food from many hamburger outlets, pizza and fried chicken outlets is often considered as junk food.
Concerns about the negative health effects resulting from a "junk food"-heavy diet, especially obesity, have resulted in public health awareness campaigns, and restrictions on advertising and sale in several countries.
Contents
1Origin of the term
2Definitions
3Popularity and appeal
4Health effects
5Anti-junk food measures
5.1Taxation
5.2Advertising restriction
6Behavior problems
7See also
8References
9Further reading
10External links
Origin of the term
The term junk food dates back at least to the early 1950s,although it has been reported that it was coined in 1972 by Michael F. Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest.In 1952, it appeared in a headline in the Lima, Ohio, News, "fish, 'Junk Foods' Cause Serious Malnutrition", for a reprint of a 1948 article from the Ogden, Utah, Standard-Examiner, originally headlined, "Dr. Brady’s Health Column: More Junk Than Food". In it, Dr. Brady writes, "What Mrs. H calls 'junk' I call cheat food. That is anything made principally of white flour and or refined white sugar or syrup. For example, white bread, crackers, cake, candy, ice cream soda, chocolate malted, sundaes, sweetened carbonated beverages."The term cheat food can be traced back in newspaper mentions to at least 1916.
Definitions
Andrew F. Smith, in his book, Encyclopedia of Junk Food and Fast Food, defines junk food as "those commercial products, including candy, bakery goods, ice cream, salty snacks, and soft drinks, which have little or no nutritional value but do have plenty of calories, salt, and fats. While not all fast foods are junk foods, most are. Fast foods are ready-to-eat foods served promptly after ordering. Some fast foods are high in calories and low in nutritional value, while other fast foods, such as salads, may be low in calories and high in nutritional value."
Junk foods have empty calories, i.e. the energy content is not complemented with proteins and lipids required for a nutritious diet. François Magendie showed by experiment in 1816 that dogs died when fed only sugar.
Foods commonly considered junk foods include salted snack foods, gum, candy, sweet desserts, fried fast food, and sugary carbonated beverages. Many foods such as hamburgers, pizza, and tacos can be considered either healthy or junk food depending on their ingredients and preparation methods.[14] The more highly processed items usually fall under the junk food category, including breakfast cereals that are mostly sugar or high fructose corn syrup and white flour or milled corn.
Especially in the case of ethnic foods, a classification as "junk food" could be perceived as rather offensive, given that such foods may have been prepared and consumed for centuries and may contain healthy ingredients.[citation needed] In the book, Panic Nation: Unpicking the Myths We're Told About Food and Health, a complementary point is argued: food is food, and if there is no nutritional value, then it isn't a food of any type, "junk" or otherwise. Co-editor Vincent Marks explains, "To label a food as 'junk' is just another way of saying, 'I disapprove of it.' There are bad diets - that is, bad mixtures and quantities of food - but there are no 'bad foods' except those that have become bad through contamination or deterioration."
Popularity and appeal
Junk food in its various forms is extremely popular, and an integral part of modern popular culture. In the US, annual fast food sales are in the area of $160 billion, compared to supermarket sales of $620 billion (a figure which also includes junk food in the form of convenience foods, snack foods, and candy). In 1976, "Junk Food Junkie", the tale of a junk food addict who pretends to follow a healthy diet by day, while at night he clandestinely gorges on Hostess Twinkies and Fritos corn chips, McDonald's and KFC, became a Top 10 pop hit in the US. Thirty-six years later, Time placed the Twinkie at #1 in its "Top 10 Iconic Junk Foods" special feature: "Not only...a mainstay on our supermarket shelves and in our bellies, they've been a staple in our popular culture and, above all, in our hearts. Often criticized for its lack of any nutritional value whatsoever, the Twinkie has managed to persevere as a cultural and gastronomical icon."
America also celebrates an annual National Junk Food Day on July 21. Origins are unclear; it is one of around 175 US food and drink days, most created by "people who want to sell more food", at times aided by elected officials at the request of a trade association or commodity group. "In honor of the day," Time in 2014 published, "5 Crazy Junk Food Combinations". Headlines from other national and local media coverage include: "Celebrate National Junk Food Day With… Beer-Flavored Oreos?" (MTV); "National Junk Food Day: Pick your favorite unhealthy treats in this poll" (Baltimore);"Celebrities' favorite junk food" (Los Angeles); "A Nutritionist's Guide to National Junk Food Day" with "Rules for Splurging" (Huffington Post); and "It's National Junk Food Day: Got snacks?" (Kansas City).
It is well-established that the poor eat more junk food overall than the more affluent, but the reasons for this are not clear.[29] Few studies have focused on variations in food perception according to socio-economic status (SES); some studies that have differentiated based on SES suggest that the economically challenged don't perceive healthy food much differently than any other segment of the population.Recent research into scarcity, combining behavioral science and economics, suggests that, faced with extreme economic uncertainty, where even the next meal may not be a sure thing, judgment is impaired and the drive is to the instant gratification of junk food, rather than to making the necessary investment in the longer-term benefits of a healthier diet.
Health effects
When junk food is consumed very often, the excess fat, simple carbohydrates, and processed sugar found in junk food contributes to an increased risk of obesity, cardiovascular disease, and many other chronic health conditions.[33] A case study on consumption of fast foods in Ghana suggested a direct correlation between consumption of junk food and obesity rates. The report asserts that obesity resulted to related complex health concerns such upsurge of heart attack rates. Studies reveal that as early as the age of 30, arteries could begin clogging and lay the groundwork for future heart attacks.Consumers also tend to eat too much in one sitting, and those who have satisfied their appetite with junk food are less likely to eat healthy foods like fruit or vegetables.
Testing on rats has indicated negative effects of junk food that may manifest likewise in people. A Scripps Research Institute study in 2008 suggested that junk food consumption alters brain activity in a manner similar to addictive drugs like cocaine and heroin. After many weeks with unlimited access to junk food, the pleasure centers of rat brains became desensitized, requiring more food for pleasure; after the junk food was taken away and replaced with a healthy diet, the rats starved for two weeks instead of eating nutritious fare. A 2007 study in the British Journal of Nutrition found that female rats who eat junk food during pregnancy increased the likelihood of unhealthy eating habits in their offspring.
Other research has been done on the impact of sugary foods on emotional health in humans, and has suggested that consumption of junk food can negatively impact energy levels and emotional well-being.
Anti-junk food measures
A number of countries have adopted, or are considering, various forms of legislated action to curb junk food consumption. In 2014, United Nations Special Rapporteur on the right to health, Anand Grover, released his report, "Unhealthy foods, non-communicable diseases and the right to health", and called for governments to "take measures, such as developing food and nutrition guidelines for healthy diets, regulating marketing and advertising of junk food, adopting consumer-friendly labelling of food products, and establishing accountability mechanisms for violations of the right to health."
An early, high-profile and controversial attempt to identify and curb junk food in the American diet was launched by the so-called McGovern Committee, formally, the United States Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, between 1968 and 1977, chaired by Senator George McGovern. Initially formed to investigate malnutrition and hunger in the US, the committee's scope progressively expanded to include environmental conditions that affected eating habits, like urban decay, then focused on the diet and nutritional habits of the American public. It criticized the use of salt, sugar and fat in processed foods, noted problems with overeating and the high percentage of ads for junk food on TV, and stated that bad eating habits could be as deadly as smoking. The findings were heavily criticized and rebutted from many directions, including the food industry, the American Medical Association, and within the committee itself. In 1977, the committee issued public guidelines under the title, Dietary Goals for the United States, which became the predecessor to Dietary Guidelines for Americans, published every five years beginning in 1980 by the US Department of Health and Human Services.
Taxation
In an attempt to reduce junk food consumption through price control, forms of Pigovian taxation have been implemented. Targeting saturated fat consumption, Denmark introduced the world's first fat-food tax in October, 2011, by imposing a surcharge on all foods, including those made from natural ingredients, that contain more than 2.3 percent saturated fat, an unpopular measure that lasted a little over a year.[45][46][47] Hungary has also imposed a tax on packaged foods that contain unhealthy concentrations, such as beverages containing more than 20 mg of caffeine per 100 ml.Norway taxes refined sugar, and Mexico has various excises on unhealthy food.[49] On April 1, 2015, the first fat tax in the US, the Navajo Nation's Healthy Diné Nation Act of 2014, mandating a 2% junk food tax, came into effect, covering the 27,000 sq. mi. of Navajo reservation; the Act targeted problems with obesity and diabetes among the Navajo population.
Advertising
Junk food that is targeted at children is a contentious issue. In "The Impact of Advertising on Childhood obesity", the American Psychological Association reports: "Research has found strong associations between increases in advertising for non-nutritious foods and rates of childhood obesity."[51] In the UK, efforts to increasingly limit or eliminate advertising of foods high in sugar, salt or fat at any time when children may be viewing are ongoing.The UK government has been criticized for failing to do enough to stop advertising and promotion of junk food aimed at children.
Controversy over junk food promotions during Australian cricket matches was reported in the news media in early 2015. A Wollongong University study showed that junk food sponsors were mentioned over 1,000 times in a single match broadcast, which included ads and branding worn on players' uniforms and on the scoreboard and pitch. A coalition of Australian obesity, cancer and diabetes organizations called on Cricket Australia, the sport's governing body, to "phase out sponsorships with unhealthy brands", emphasizing that cricket is a "healthy, family-oriented sport" with children in the audience. Many countries have restricted advertising of junk food.
Behavior problems
In a study by the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the frequency of consumption of 57 foods/drinks of 4000 children at the age of four and a half were collected by maternal report. At age seven the 4000 children were given the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The test was divided into 5 sections: hyperactivity, conduct problems, peer problems, emotional symptoms and pro-social behavior. A one standard deviation increase in junk food was then linked to excessive hyperactivity in 33% of the 4000 children. In conclusion, children with excess junk food at the age of seven are more likely to be in the top third of the hyperactivity sub-scale; however, there is not enough correlation between junk food and the other sub-scales such as emotional symptoms and peer problems.
Atlas d'anatomie descriptive du corps humain.
Bonamy, Broca, "Beau (dessinateur) "
Troisième partie , appareil de la digestion, appareil surrénal, rein.
(Paris G. Masson éditeur)
A differenza del pepe, che notoriamente non fa molto bene alla salute, il peperoncino ha molte proprietà benefiche.
* Favorisce la secrezione di succhi gastrici e la digestione; in alcune regioni del sud viene preparato un infuso digestivo a base di camomilla, peperoncino e miele da offrire ai commensali dopo un abbondante pasto.
* Aiuta i postumi di una sbornia; in questo caso verrà preparato un infuso a base di assenzio e tintura madre di peperoncino.
* Ha ottime proprietà di vasodilatatore e anticolesterolo, in più aiuta i capillari a rimanere elastici e permette l’ossigenazione del sangue.
* In caso di artriti e reumatismi, il peperoncino fatto macerare nell’alcol e poi usato come impacco sulle parti doloranti, aiuta ad alleviare il dolore.
* È un potente anti-cancro perché possiede vitamina C che rafforza le difese immunologiche contro le degenerazioni tumorali.
* La medicina ayurvedica e quella Cinese sostengono che il peperoncino sia un ottimo rimedio contro depressione e inappetenza perché stimola lo spirito e il sangue.
* Ha poteri decongestionanti e antinfiammatori, quindi andrebbe usato in caso di laringiti raucedini e tossi.
* Il peperoncino previene infarti e malattie cardiovascolari e un uso costante abbassa il colesterolo, e rafforza arterie e cuore; questo perché il suo seme possiede molti acidi insaturi che puliscono i vasi sanguigni.
* Essendo ricco di vitamina E, considerata la vitamina della fecondità e della potenza sessuale, il peperoncino è un ottimo afrodisiaco.
Quando il peperoncino è da evitare
Pur avendo molti poteri, il peperoncino va evitato:
* nei bambini, perché è meglio attendere i 12/13 anni
* quando si soffre di acidità di stomaco, ulcera, epatite, cistite ed emorroidi
* un uso eccessivo può irritare mucose intestinali, stomaco e reni
* in caso di arrossamenti cutanei sono sconsigliati impacchi esterni
Il peperoncino come promotore di bellezza
Negli ultimi anni, esperimenti e studi hanno sottolineato anche il ruolo positivo del peperoncino nei trattamenti di bellezza, e in modo particolare per:
* Acne
una maschera facciale a base di peperoncino e argilla aiuta a mantenere la pelle giovane e fresca, impedendo alle impurità di depositarsi sul viso.
* Capelli spenti e opachi
mangiare peperoncino e usare lozioni a base di alcol e peperoncino (frizionato poi sui capelli due volte al giorno), aiuta ai capelli a ritrovare splendore.
* Cellulite
fanghi a base di argilla e peperoncino in polvere sono ottimi per impacchi e cataplasmi nelle zone del corpo maggiormente adipose.
* Cura del corpo e del viso
i massaggi effettuati sul corpo con olio e peperoncino aiutano a regalare vitalità corporea e a coadiuvare gli allenamenti degli sportivi.
Photographed in Kenya, Africa
Dik-diks seem to always be on the alert. According to Wikipedia, the bare black spot below the inside corner of each eye contains a preorbital gland and dik-diks insert grass stems and twigs into the gland to scent-mark their territories.
Dik-diks are my favorite antelope, bar none. Just look at those big eyes and long lashes, those ears, that "haircut", that fur that looks groomed...they're so photogenic that I can never resist taking photos of them whenever I have the chance.
=>Please click twice on the image to view at the largest size<=
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From Wikipedia: A dik-dik is the name for any of four species of small antelope in the genus Madoqua that live in the bushlands of eastern and southern Africa. Dik-diks are named for the alarm calls of the females. In addition to the females' alarm call, both the male and female make a shrill, whistling sound. These calls may alert other animals to predators.
Physical characteristics:
Female dik-diks are somewhat larger than males. The males have horns, which are small (about 7.6 centimetres or 3 in), slanted backwards and longitudinally grooved. The hair on the crown forms an upright tuft that sometimes partially conceals the short, ribbed horns of the male. The upper body is gray-brown, while the lower parts of the body, including the legs, belly, crest, and flanks, are tan. A bare black spot below the inside corner of each eye contains a preorbital gland that produces a dark, sticky secretion. Dik-diks insert grass stems and twigs into the gland to scent-mark their territories.
Apparently to prevent overheating, dik-diks have elongated snouts with bellows-like muscles through which blood is pumped. Airflow and subsequent evaporation cools this blood before it is recirculated to the body. However, this panting is only implemented in extreme conditions; dik-diks can tolerate air temperatures of up to 40 °C (104 °F).
Habitat:
Dik-diks live in shrublands and savannas of eastern Africa. Dik-diks seek habitats with a plentiful supply of edible plants such as shrubs. Dik-diks may live in places as varied as dense forest or open plain, but they require good cover and not too much tall grass. They usually live in pairs in territories of about 5 hectares (12 acres). The territories are often in low, shrubby bushes (sometimes along dry, rocky streambeds) with plenty of cover. Dik-diks, with their dusty colored coat, are able to blend in with their surroundings. Dik-diks have an established series of runways through and around the borders of their territories that are used when they feel threatened.
Diet:
Dik-diks are herbivores. Their diet mainly consists of foliage, shoots, fruit and berries, but little or no grass. They receive sufficient amounts of water from their food, which makes drinking unnecessary. Like all even-toed ungulates, they digest their food with the aid of micro-organisms in their four-chambered stomachs. After initial digestion, the food is repeatedly eructated and rechewed, a process known also as rumination, or 'chewing the cud'. Dik-diks' tapering heads may help them eat the leaves between the spines on the acacia trees, and feed while still keeping their head high to detect predators.
Reproduction:
Dik-diks are monogamous, and conflicts between territorial neighbors are rare. When they occur, the males from each territory dash at each other, stop short, vigorously nod their heads and turn around. They will repeat this process, increasing the distance each time until one stops. Males mark their territories with dung piles, and cover the females' dung with their own. Monogamy in dik-diks may be an evolutionary response to predation; surrounded by predators, it is dangerous to explore, looking for new partners. Pairs spend about 64% of their time together. Males, but not females, will attempt to initiate extra-pair mating if an opportunity arises.
Females are sexually mature at six months and males at 12 months. The female gestates for 169 to 174 days and bears a single offspring. This happens up to twice a year (at the start and finish of the rainy season). Unlike other ruminants which are born forefeet first, the dik-dik is born nose first, with its forelegs laid back alongside its body. Females weigh about 560 to 680 g (1.23 to 1.50 lb) at birth, while males weigh 725 to 795 g (1.598 to 1.753 lb). The mother lactates for six weeks, feeding her fawn for no longer than a few minutes at a time. The survival rate for young dik-diks is 50%. The young stay concealed for a time after birth, but grow quickly and reach full size by seven months. At that age, the young are forced to leave their parents' territory. The fathers run the sons off the territory and the mothers run off the daughters.
Predators:
Dik-diks are hunted primarily by leopards, caracals, lions, hyenas, wild dogs and humans. Other predators include monitor lizards, cheetahs, jackals, baboons, eagles, hawks and pythons. Dik-diks' adaptations to predation include excellent eyesight and the ability to reach speeds up to 42 km/h
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Deranged Digestions Of Devil Thinkers.
Rhagdybio haeriadau clyfar darganfyddiadau barddonol transcendentalism cyrraedd ignoramuses bwriadu,
minuendam stultitiae crimen ordinandi quaestiones verberibus voluptates animi vitia vituperando,
Züchtigung Tränen Vorcourcion Fehler Peremptorie Ungerechtigkeit Phantasie Sätze discuntenanced Lügen,
expletives diabły obrzydliwości wystąpień wyrażenia wyłączności rachunków za niestosowność za przewrotność,
quizzitistique sourcils équivoques comportements indescriptibles conséquences condescendantes insinuations,
επικίνδυνη ενέργειες μυστικιστική δυσάρεστο μορφές αναξιοπρεπή ρητή καθίζηση προδίδουν τάσεις άθλια,
الخارجية القاتمة الكلمات التشخيص تتلوى الصراخ الشياطين التبجح جسر المعصية قرارات القس,
dyptgripende gisper benignity uutgrunnelige herrer samvittighet stramme refleksjoner brenn,
恐ろしい隣人の騒動騒ぎはコミックの場面を主張する地獄の焚き火.
Steve.D.Hammond.
On the far bank of the Severn is Oldbury nuclear power station. The class 60, another power plant and the crop of Maize in the foreground, which is used in a Anaerobic Digestion Plant on the farm half a mile away,to produce electric for the grid. Note the hot air balloons on the far bank. 60092 Margam T.C. to Middlesbro' Dawson Ayrton is the working.
Profile shot with one eye, that's what makes a typical Luan portrait. He looks quite lovely though and it's time for a little update on his health situation. Luan, who has been diagnosed with pancreatitis and gastritis seems to be doing slightly better these days. He has more appetite and is a little more active although things are still far from normal. The main problem he seems to have at the moment is that his stomach often doesn't empty as it should. Sometimes he solves the problem by vomiting which makes him feel better afterwards but of course that's not really a solution. I hope that on the long run the medication will help him to resume a normal digestion. For the moment I'm already happy that he wants to eat and that he doesn't need painkillers and antibiotics anymore.
Texture "traverse" by Kim Klassen (www.kimklassencafe.com/)
I have witnessed many flies blowing bubbles recently, they blow it out then suck it back in. Are they aiding digestion, cleaning mouth-parts or does anyone have any better suggestions?
Copyright © 2011 Heligan Gardens Ltd. ~ All rights reserved
Le Grand cormoran est un bon plongeur ; il peut plonger jusqu'à 10 mètres de profondeur pour capturer sa proie, voire 30 mètres. Il nage rapidement sous l'eau et peut tenir une minute en plongée.
Il ne peut toutefois y demeurer longtemps car il ne possède pas comme les autres palmipèdes de glande uropygienne permettant d'imperméabiliser son plumage. De ce fait, l'eau mouille son plumage et leste l'oiseau lui permettant d'aller plus en profondeur pour attraper des poissons.
Une fois sorti de l'eau, perché ou au sol, il passe parfois des heures à se sécher, ailes et queue déployées (on parle de position en étendard). Ce comportement pourrait également avoir un rôle social et un rôle dans la digestion.
"Quando avevo sei anni, in un libro sulle foreste primordiali lessi che i boa ingoiano la loro preda tutta intera, senza masticarla. Dopo di che non riescono più a muoversi e dormono durante i sei mesi che la digestione richiede. Meditai a lungo sulle avventure della jungla. E tracciai il mio primo disegno. Il mio disegno numero uno... Mostrai il mio capolavoro alle persone grandi, domandando se il disegno le spaventava. Ma mi risposero: Spaventare. Perché mai uno dovrebbe essere spaventato da un cappello?"
[Antoine de Saint-Exupéry,Il piccolo principe]
Pikas belong to the order Lagomorpha which also includes Rabbits and Hares. They spend their summer and early fall months building "haystacks" which provide the food necessary when they live under the snow in winter. I also posted a shot of this Pika at work on its cache of plants which here incudes hedysarum, gooseberry, willow, buffalo berry, lupine, vetch, dwarf huckleberry, evergreen sprigs, grasses and sedges. They also collect Marmot and Coyote droppings which are presumed to be an aide in the digestion of their coarse diet.
(Wild Mammals of Western Canada)
Rock Glacier, Peter Lougheed Park Alberta.
En biología, el término fungi (latín, literalmente "hongos") designa a un grupo de organismos eucariotas entre los que se encuentran los mohos, las levaduras y los organismos productores de setas. Se clasifican en un reino distinto al de las plantas, animales y protistas. Se distinguen de las plantas en que son heterótrofos; y de los animales en que tienen paredes celulares, como las plantas, pero compuestas por quitina, en vez de celulosa, y en que se alimentan por absorción, como las plantas. Se ha descubierto que organismos que parecían hongos en realidad no lo eran, y que organismos que no lo parecían en realidad sí lo eran, si llamamos "hongo" a todos los organismos derivados del que ancestralmente adquirió la capacidad de formar una pared celular de quitina. Debido a ello, si bien este taxón está bien delimitado desde el punto de vista evolutivo, aún se están estudiando las relaciones filogenéticas de los grupos menos conocidos, y su lista de subtaxones ha cambiado mucho con el tiempo en lo que respecta a grupos muy derivados o muy basales.
Los hongos se encuentran en hábitats muy diversos: pueden ser pirófilos (Pholiota carbonaria) o coprófilos (Psilocybe coprophila). Según su ecología, se pueden clasificar en cuatro grupos: saprofitos, liquenizados, micorrizógenos y parásitos. Los hongos saprofitos pueden ser sustrato específicos: Marasmius buxi o no específicos: Mycena pura. Los simbiontes pueden ser: hongos liquenizados basidiolichenes: Omphalina ericetorum y ascolichenes: Cladonia coccifera y hongos micorrízicos: específicos: Lactarius torminosus (solo micorriza con abedules) y no específicos: Hebeloma mesophaeum. En la mayoría de los casos, sus representantes son poco conspicuos debido a su diminuto tamaño; suelen vivir en suelos y juntos a materiales en descomposición y como simbiontes de plantas, animales u otros hongos. Cuando fructifican, no obstante, producen esporocarpos llamativos (las setas son un ejemplo de ello). Realizan una digestión externa de sus alimentos, secretando enzimas, y que absorben luego las moléculas disueltas resultantes de la digestión. A esta forma de alimentación se le llama osmotrofia, la cual es similar a la que se da en las plantas, pero, a diferencia de aquellas, los nutrientes que toman son orgánicos. Los hongos son los descomponedores primarios de la materia muerta de plantas y de animales en muchos ecosistemas,
I took this photo, with my Minolta Maxxim 5000 Film Camera, in June 2003 in my Butterfly Garden. I scanned the Slide to create this electronic image.
The Zebra Longwing is a Heliconian Brush footed Butterfly, which live up to six months. It's a Social Butterfly, which Roosts in groups as large as 60.
It collects Pollen in Balls on it's Proboscis and uses Digestive Enzymes, to break down the Protein in Pollen into Amino Acids, which it sucks up through it's Proboscis. This known as External Digestion, which results in the relatively long life span compared to other Butterflies.