View allAll Photos Tagged Destabilized
This photo of the Triangulum Galaxy was taken at the Northern Skies Observatory in Peacham, Vermont. The telescope is a PlaneWave f/6.8 17-inch CDK. The camera mounted on the telescope is an Apogee Alta F16M Monochrome CCD with a Kodak 52 mm full frame sensor.
Also known as Messier 33 (M33) or NGC 598, Triangulum is a spiral galaxy about 3 million light years away, has a diameter about half that of our Milky Way, and contains 40 billion stars. It lies within the constellation Triangulum in the northern sky, relatively close to the Andromeda galaxy.
Most observatory cameras are set up to take monochrome images only. A red filter, green filter, and blue filter are usually used to bring color to the final image. In addition to those 3 filters, an H-alpha filter was used for this photo. The H-alpha filter isolates a visible spectrum of light that shows destabilized hydrogen. The irregular shaped red objects in the photograph, some with white in them, are ionized hydrogen gas clouds. We are able to see them clearly in the photo because of the use of the H-alpha filter. These ionized hydrogen gas clouds, also called H II regions, reach temperatures of 10,000 degrees Kelvin and are massive areas of star birth.
Taking the Photo:
Taking the photo itself is pretty easy because everything is computerized. It is not necessary to look through the telescope, find the object in the sky and focus on it, or even be at the observatory to request a photo. The observatory is one of about 20 in the Skynet Robotic Telescope Network. To take the photo, we logged into that site and put in a "plan". For the plan, we specified the object to be photographed (M33), the filters to be used (the 4 filters mentioned above), and the exposure time (we used 5 minutes per image). A monochrome image is created for each filter used.
The plans are placed in a queue. The images are taken automatically when conditions are right, e.g. clear skies, dark skies, and the object to be photographed is visible to the telescope. That could potentially be a week or more, especially if there are lots of plans queued up or lots of cloudy nights. When the time comes, the door on the dome opens (if not already open), and both the telescope and door robotically position themselves to take the images. They also must continue to track the object precisely for the duration, in this case about 20 minutes (5-minute exposures for each filter, plus time to load the filters). Each of the 4 filters get loaded automatically at the point it is needed.
Processing the Photo:
The images created are in FITS format (Flexible Image Transport System), most commonly used in scientific applications, especially astronomy and microscopy. This format is not supported by typical photo editing software such as Photoshop or Lightroom. In order to process the monochrome images, I had to learn ImageJ, a free open-source, Java-based application developed by the National Institute of Health.
When I first opened the monochrome images in ImageJ, they were almost entirely black, with just a few white dots scattered around. Looking at the histogram, it very closely hugs the left boundary. There is data there, but it is all very dark. One of the first steps needed is to do a "logarithmic stretch" on each image. This effectively spreads out the histogram towards the center. Actually, this stretching also happens behind the scenes with traditional DSLR and other cameras. If shooting in JPG format, the camera's firmware does this stretching for you. If shooting in RAW, the stretching occurs at the point the RAW data is opened in image processing software such as Lightroom.
After the stretching in ImageJ, you basically do brightness adjustments on each of the images, then create a color composite from which you can do final color balancing. I also did manual image alignment. The stars in the composite should be white, so for example, if you zoom in on the stars and see red at the top of most of them, then the image associated with the red filter needs to be moved down one or more pixels in the composite. It was actually quite simple to do the alignment.
Additional options in ImageJ allow for noise reduction, sharpening, etc. There are also many available plugins, an example of which would be for building mosaics (analogous to panoramas). If you wanted to photograph the Andromeda galaxy on this telescope, for example, a mosaic would be required because the image of Andromeda is too large to fit on a single frame!
When processing in ImageJ is complete, the composited image can be saved in a variety of formats. I saved to TIFF, brought it into my usual software to set EXIF info, and did the noise reduction, sharpening, and other processing there as well.
For additional info and a photo of the Northern Skies Observatory, see: www.flickr.com/photos/davetrono/42239486970
Northern Skies Observatory website: www.nkaf.org
Taken while this event: CECI N'EST PAS…
INSIDIOUS IMAGES
A glass box in the city centre. Inside is a living tableau that changes every day. Disconcerting scenes – that some find embarrassing, others intriguing – leave no one indifferent. The Dutch artist Dries Verhoeven concocts destabilizing and potentially explosive images, deliberately poking away at our taboos. 10 days, 10 events, 10 cold showers.
Ceci n’est pas... presents different people in a display case in situations that do not meet the criteria of perfection and success promoted by marketing propaganda. In an era of visual discomfiture where the passerby is submerged by reassuring visual ads aimed at the frenetic consumers we have become, this highly subversive jack-in-the-box worms its way into the city centre, upsetting orthodox convictions, disturbing humdrum routines. Taken aback and maybe even shocked, spectators express opinions, argue, reflect. The public space, suddenly a theatre of imperfection and trouble, becomes a place for discussion and exchange. This is not a commercial.
3 October 2020: Update on The Corona Pandemic – Yesterday we woke up with the news that President Trump and FLOTUS tested positive for SAR-CoV-2. The result came after he spent months playing down the severity of the outbreak that has killed more than 1 million people worldwide and hours after insisting that the end of the pandemic is in sight. This morning we learned that the president had a low-grade fever, congestion and a cough. A couple of hours later aids close to the President said that since his symptoms worsened as the hours wore on, he was flown to the Walter Reed Medical Center. What a year it has been so far and it’s not over yet… The threats have come in rapid succession: terrorism, the Covid-19 pandemic, climate change, and last not least the quaking of our democracy in the Western world. Speculation about the President’s health will only fray nerves and further destabilize the situation and the conspiracy theorists and disinformation trolls will do their best to maximize the turmoil. So, get well, Mr. President for your sake and for the sake of the world. Today’s picture is from 4 years ago when we were enjoying a fall leaf-peeping trip in New England. The world seemed to be a better place at that time - Bar Harbor, ME, USA
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Ground² by Humber College (Toronto, Canada)
Ground2 is an experiential journey of migration that beckons the user to participate in the ever-shifting human and environmental landscape. Built with contemporary materials, the temporary, scattered, structures form a new artificial ground mediating between the linear, safe boardwalk and the fluctuating, undefined, boundaries of water. This dispersed plateau reflects on the near future of the world’s dissolving glacial landscapes that will propel imminent environmental refugee crises. With a natural flow of degradation and designed to reach varying heights, Ground2 prompts users to assess their reformed surroundings as they walk, climb, and traverse the destabilized path before them.
Source: www.canadianinteriors.com/2019/02/15/new-winter-stations-...
•°°○°The man-eating lion of shripur°○°°•
the emperor of the forest covered all the questions and yet any conclusion this crowned character reached were unresolved by another one.
since the different elements in the forest resonate with one another, they created an atmosphere for your glory. as everyone of us seemed to be tied by our secrets and lies, no one asked for answer to the questions nor anyone wants to give them! all-together, the supreme wish in the self keeps the nature of accumulation. the force to purloin that desired thing, even if in a skewed way never brings coherence and honesty to the answers, as the hard questions keep up with the exceeding score. and when you romped through the questions and collected the pleasure in certain minor moments, you don’t necessarily know what causes your major and minor emotions; and what patterns stay, of presences and voices held in a captive cycle - closed enough, like a narrowing down spiral in which you get closer to the center, each time with the repetitive cycle - to the selfish beginning by which you fleshed a few things out. keeping busy with survival, each assessment brings the same result subject to the pressures and contingencies of space and time - tugged in conflicting directions by your own identity. so many battles lost to greed, showing you ultimate hollowness of power. in retrospect you question yourself, of how you tried to come out of this center, "i sewed in further nodes of connections, like burnt threads only to emerge forty-seven or one hundred pages later."
the dreams of creating new nodes of connection through powers of deduction - i.e; wisdom gained from each of the past cycle can seem like furthering of contrivances and play of symbolic gestures and in effect, reductive; simply because that abandonment of the self did not happen, which echoes the voices of the captive cycle.
that self in front of a mirror, that is held to be the inmost essence of truth, only hears words enacting a certain condescension —“I the mirror, am looking into your mind and see all your inner thoughts, impulses, tendencies, all the conflicting inner desires, delusions, debilitating drives, deeds of shame, suppressed dreams and all the regrets and know them much better than you do (for that reflects ambiguity).” and you cannot break this mirror nor embrace its intimidating reflection, that is being accompanied with blind arrogance of the subtle mind. inaudible condescension is usually present, just underneath the surface, of supposedly the right guide under the guise of friendship. your inner self could truly sense this tone of disconnection and knows that the rhythm which creates harmony in mind & gratefulness in heart is something different; that which your projected identity could not hold it and so you continue to shine the accumulated self in 'mirror of surface'. the flame of millions of suns of your soul cannot be killed, but can stay hidden for long by the enormous clouds. the Heart within feels the music clear♪, soon clouded by invisible walls of the undernourished mind (+ paucity in the mind of different contexts) who riots everything out. it is mind's identity which does not want to belong but occupy, trouncing the heart which always serves. refusal to take on the old ways of seeing, for the mind's identity likes to continue the grip on operational kingdom born of the body ∞⃝.
there is the root to the truth we don't want to see. burning at each end of the body as well as the mind swept, the soul still returns to occupy the body; this body made up of the endless labyrinth of accumulated body of information - threadbare and stained. each transgression to next life, remembered; memories form the triadic waves that bring in tempestuous emotions and brings out tremulous motions of a familiar but a timorous self, in the moment when you hear the rustling noise in the bushes.
"Do not be afraid of your own heart beating
Look at very small things with your eyes
& stay warm" - Bernadette Mayer
this graceful moment was to go out of the frontier of self as well as out of this weariness of mine and courageously come out of all the hiding places so that you enter a central conversation where transformation is possible through a kind glance and graceful intimacy. to be far away from yourself, from your kingdom, so that you are in touch with moments of truth, this divine conversation, the core correspondence, so as to never return back to any indulgent moments, nor be alone again, in the night of indifference. never returning to those answers which created locus of concealment, but sharing heart of those answers which brought to you eternal peace. roaring with laughter for your belief filled to the brim - "some dark chocolate and faith in the poison and you're golden!". theories, speculations, stories, impostures but not seeing that the sun will not just shine only for me!" it was lot about what we enabled when we deliberately looked away from something.
this great meeting, this revelatory moment... when you are gifted to see the abundance within, so beautifully reflected in this kind and compassionate moment. that supreme source of abundance does not destabilize you as you presumed, nor cuts through you; cutting through everything you felt - ignored, impenetrable and disorienting darkness, numbness, isolation, illness, ignorance; nor a self-regard that causes to transgress personal boundaries, but simply forms a connection and takes you Home. this is not that worldly supremacy ushered into prejudice, that only offers you a place in the kingdom whose might is strength in numbers and whose spread is systemic, pervasive, insidious, pernicious and soul-damaging. true supremacy lies in constant offering of selfless love, of everything a soul needs and with great gentleness, offering a forever space in own Heart which is the abode of peace.
listening to that Generous Master Song, you feel the warmth of a loving glow and as your senses calm, your honest prayers glow the words, "Thank You"
IV Corps was responsible for holding the center of 2nd Army's front line northeast of Bălți. Due to IV Corps being the last unit to reach Bessarabia, they had limited time to prepare their sector, and their lines had the least defense in depth of any Romanian position at the start of the battle. While the Soviets initially intended to encircle the Romanians and deal with the central force last, their attacks that intended to simply put pressure on IV Corps quickly broke through. When the Soviets decided to funnel in their reserves, the Romanians broke into a rout. Some units managed to make it to the streets of Bălți just in time to reorganize, and street fighting broke out while the rest of the corps retreated. These units were able to hold out for another day before a second, more orderly retreat to the bridgehead was conducted.
The loss at Bălți would tarnish the reputation of both 2nd Army and the Romanian Army as a whole. It was the only battle during the Battle for Bessarabia where Romanian casualties were greater than the Soviets, losing about almost a full division of men and equipment in the chaos, and the only battle where a Romanian unit of that size was forced into a rout rather than withdrawing after a successful defense. Their retreat would eventually lead to the destabilization of the entire northern sector of the front, although by the time this happened the Soviet 12th Army had also taken enough casualties to be essentially taken out of action.
Ultimately, this loss would cause the Romanian High Command to reassess several of their strategies. The decision to place 2nd Army in the north of Bessarabia, even though it had to be transferred from Transylvania and had to move through Chișinău by rail anyway, was called into question. The rapid evacuation of 2nd Army's headquarters from Bălți exposed the weaknesses of the army's then still telephone-based communication systems, and a push was made in the high command to begin standardizing radios. Lastly, they were forced to address the fact that, just one week into the war, the morale of the ordinary infantrymen was beginning to deteriorate.
I need to say this somewhere, and Facebook would be too public, so here I am.
I just found out there is a name for the painful musculoskeletal issue I have been dealing with for years now. It’s called accessory nerve disorder. It is caused by injury/paralysis of the eleventh cranial nerve, and results in damage to the muscles of the neck and shoulder. One of the common symptoms of it is something called a winged scapula, which I have a very pronounced case of, and suffer great pain from. (It's somewhat visible here -- notice my left shoulder droops lower than my right, even though I was using all my might to keep it aligned for the photo.)
This is in addition to another musculoskeletal disorder called craniocervical instability – basically, my head is unstable on my neck and it causes tearing/pulling of the nerves in the base of my skull, resulting in chronic pain, dizziness, and nausea. ….And the hip on my left side is completely destabilized, though I’m not sure if there’s a specific name for that yet -- maybe Piriformis Syndrome. (That's also somewhat visible here, in how the muscles around my left hip look atrophied as compared to the righthand side.)
These things are likely as a result of a hypermobility disorder (Ehler’s Danlos) and chronic Lyme’s Disease – basically, I had bacteria eating away at my already hyperextensible joints and tendons. (I’d like to think the bacteria has calmed down by now, but the damage is definitely there.)
Over the past few years these disorders have gotten to the point I can’t ignore them. It’s become obvious to me that if I don’t correct these issues, I will have an excruciatingly painful life of progressive physical degeneration. So I’m over here eating my body weight in grams of protein and doing intensive physical therapy. That’s it. That’s the blog. Besides the need to vent, I’m not sure why I’m posting this – except maybe as an incentive to hold myself accountable. If my self portraits don’t reveal someone getting progressively more muscular, I deserve to be questioned.
As I edged closer to the back of this old burial ground I was overwhelmed by how the visual sensation meshed so perfectly with the emotional impact of being here. Boundary lines are always a fascination for me, and here that sense was particularly keen. Both in terms of standing on the precipice of a steep ravine but even more so the frontier that separates life from death. And there's just something about foggy days that makes that metaphorical distinction as ill-defined as the atmosphere itself...again a visual that enhances the visceral. Beyond all of this was the contour of the land, and the sense of subsidence and erosion, as if the ground beneath my feet might suddenly slip away, taking me over the brink along with the old grave markers in one big woosh! A very uneasy feeling. One thing we take for granted is the solidity of the earth, and losing that is destabilizing in so many ways. I've seen videos of landslides, usually from California and they are horrifying yet oddly mesmerizing. Once it starts it just seems so inexorable. As I stood here I was taken with the sense that even the trees were contributing to the visual sense of imminent peril, tipping and leaning as they were. It appeared they were already beyond the threshold of safety. I just love scenes that offer a duality; in this case a seeming sense of serenity balanced a feeling of disorder. When everything is not all that it seems.
Salman Toor (b. 1983) - Night Park (2022). In the collection of the Moderna Museet, Stockholm.
Salman Toor was born in Lahore, Pakistan but received his training as an artist at the Wesleyan University in Ohio and the Pratt Institute in New York. He currently lives and works in New York.
His New York gallerist, Luhring Augustine, write: "Salman Toor’s sumptuous and insightful figurative paintings depict intimate, quotidian moments in the lives of imagined young, brown, queer men ensconced in contemporary cosmopolitan culture. His work oscillates between heartening and harrowing, seductive and poignant, inviting and eerie.
In many of his paintings, he creates subtly disarming depictions of familiar domestic environments in which often-marginalized bodies flourish in safety and comfort. In other pieces, Toor creates allegorical spaces of waiting, anticipation, and apprehension; border crossings into a world that may or may not be welcoming. Central to his work are the anxieties and the comedies of identity. In creating his figures, he employs and destabilizes specific tropes in order to reflect on the way difference is perceived by the self and by others. As Whitney curators Christopher Lew and Ambika Trasi have noted, Toor’s project is one that examines “vulnerability within contemporary public and private life and the notion of community in the context of queer, diasporic identity.” Furthermore, in depicting the mundane and the memorable moments of his characters’ lives, Toor reveals a deeply relatable existence, ultimately creating an opportunity for empathy through the language of painting.* .
Cape Caution, 5:30 am, June 14th, 2007.
Located on British Columbia's mainland coast, roughly parallel with the northern tip of Vancouver Island, Cape Caution marks the southern gateway into a region of international renown and significance popularly referred to as the "Great Bear Rainforest".
Our journey through this mythical land begins here, where the mists of time blur the distinctions between land, sea and atmosphere. Rugged barrier islands, expanses of sandy beaches, and contorted pine-bog forests of the exposed "hyper-maritime" outer coast gradually blend into a confusing maze of channels. These gather and wind into verdant fjords and fertile rainforest valleys, penetrating the heart of the glacier-clad peaks of the Coast Mountains. In this place, the sheer abundance of life has sustained enduring and complex indigenous cultures for over ten thousand years.
Now, we stand at a crossroads. The past 150 years has brought intensive resource exploitation by relative newcomers to the area that has decimated and destabilized the cultural and ecological systems that have worked in balance throughout many areas of the Great Bear. Efforts to preserve and restore this global treasure are experiencing renewed vigor but so too are demands for raw materials and clean energy the region could provide. Promises of a return to ecologically minded resource use have been made. It is a complex social, political, economic, and ecological region. It always has been. However, one thing seems clear, the next ten thousand years of life in the Great Bear Rainforest in a large way depends on decisions made and actions taken by the current generation.
A visitor to my office recently spent some time taking in the enlargements of my photos that are plastered to the walls. His first comment was that he sensed a certain tension in the images. That was like music to my ears. Tension is definitely what I aim for, particularly in my dreary day photos. I love anything to try to destabilize the viewer, and creating tension and dichotomy and even uncertainty are all part of that. I have alluded to shooting in the style of old crime scene photos, both past crimes and, more worryingly, crimes about to happen. Certainly scenes like this bring their own level of dark energy and atmosphere. But I always try to go beyond that, to leverage what's apparent into things that aren't as apparent, but more to do with feelings. Crowding the scene is one technique; I equate this to when someone stands too close, violating your personal space. I apply this same technique by standing too close to the subject, making it feel crowded and jammed, and creating uncertainty because you can't see the entire scene or object. Including shadowy areas is another trick of the eye; you never know what lurks within shadows or what might jump out at you. That is borne out in this image with the dark area to the left (which also serves to frame the photo) and that disturbing opening into the basement through the foundation wall. Nothing but trouble getting close to that. Creating visual disharmony or even chaos really adds tension. As in this photo with the tree trunks cluttering up the view. The eye wants them out of there so you can better see the house, but their presence creates the sort of conflict that makes the photo all the more edgy. Collectively, all of this just adds to the grit. I often think I channel this even more by feeling a personal sense of discomfort. This often manifests when I spend too much time at a place like this; the darkness and sadness starts to wear on me. And being out in the cold and wet only adds to the experience.
This is from series of photos that I took in North Africa and the Middle East in 2008. I was lucky enough to travel through these areas a few years before the current destabilization. In my solo travels from Morocco to Pakistan I experienced nothing but warmth and generosity from the people I met. Without the help and support of countless strangers it would have been impossible to complete this long overland journey.
I think this might be one of the most dangerous things going on in Pakistan.
This is from series of photos that I took in North Africa and the Middle East in 2008. I was lucky enough to travel through these areas a few years before the current destabilization. In my solo travels from Morocco to Pakistan I experienced nothing but warmth and generosity from the people I met. Without the help and support of countless strangers it would have been impossible to complete this long overland journey.
The Story Continues
As the global atmosphere destabilizes due to the losses caused by the mega asteroid. All the orbiting satellites (as well as space junk) start to fall all over the world as there orbits decay. Thousands of smaller impacts cause unprecedented collateral damage.
Credits:
The Earth is from NASA.
The satellite fire trails are from some fireworks shot at the rockingham annual festival.
The stars are a Photoshop manipulation, based on a photo of some sand.
The moon is a shot I took using a long exposure technque with a 500mm lense.
"A man may stand there and put all America behind him."
- Henry David Thoreau
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It had rained all night and it was still raining off and on in the morning... Thin cloud layer and the sun was bright. The scenario was breathtaking and I could only capture a portion of the view.
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Coastal dunes make up roughly one third of the Cape Cod National Seashore, covering approximately 8,500 acres from Chatham to Provincetown. Dunes predominate on barrier beach and spits, along the coastal margins of the Atlantic Ocean and Cape Cod Bay, and across the northern tip of the peninsula – an area known as the Province Lands. The Province Lands dunes began forming soon after glacial retreat (~18,000 y.b.p.) as eroded sediments from the outwash plain were transported north and deposited by longshore currents. Sand from the beaches of this elongating hook was then blown inland to form the dunes. Although mature forest eventually became established here, most of the vegetation was removed by Europeans settlers for use in building and to clear land for agriculture and livestock grazing. This resulted in a rapid destabilization of the ground surface and by the mid-1800s the area had been converted to a sparsely vegetated system of shifting dunes.
CACO dunes are variably covered with vegetation, some of which has established naturally and a small portion of which was planted at various times in an attempt to minimize dune migration. Successful dune species have adaptations to tolerate hot, dry, and sometimes salty conditions. Plants often have a thick, waxy cuticle to limit water loss. In the case of American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata), the leaves roll up during hot, dry weather, which reduces transpiration. Common plant species of the dunes include American beachgrass, seaside goldenrod (Solidago sempervirons), poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), wormwood (Artemesia campestris ssp. caudata), northern bayberry (Morella pensylvanica), and beach plum (Prunus maritima). In interdunal depressions that are low enough to intersect with the groundwater table for part of the growing season, seasonal wetlands form and support distinct plant communities.
A number of environmental factors have been shown to influence dune plant communities and their patterns of succession or regression. Wind can cause direct physical damage (known as “wind pruning”) to the structural integrity of plants (particularly woody species). Wind also carries salt spray, which can affect plant foliage and/or roots, although it has been suggested that the latter may only affect a handful of susceptible species growing in close proximity to the ocean. Despite these hardships, dune vegetation is increasing in abundance and areas which were once bare sand are now covered with plants. This process, known as succession, will continue to stabilize the dunes and transform them into a landscape resembling their past character.
This is from series of photos that I took in North Africa and the Middle East in 2008. I was lucky enough to travel through these areas a few years before the current destabilization. In my solo travels from Morocco to Pakistan I experienced nothing but warmth and generosity from the people I met. Without the help and support of countless strangers it would have been impossible to complete this long overland journey.
“Courage doesn't mean you don't get afraid. Courage means you don't let fear stop you.” Bethany Hamilton.
Surely when I decided to include my girlfriend in some of my photographs in Singapore, she didn´t imagine that I was going to tell her to do unconventional things to be part of them. Whether it was asking her to walk in heels again and again by a conveyor at the entrance of a 5-star hotel, read while standing up in a public library or, like this time, walk barefoot in one of the fountains outside the skyscraper Millenia Tower. In a city like Singapore if you do things a little different in public places it will attract the attention of the people passing by and maybe a security guard will invite you to leave. However, on each of these occasions she overcame the initial small fears and helped me get the pictures I had imagined.
In life, fear often stops us, and although sometimes it is really necessary not to commit unnecessary risks, other times we have to arm ourselves with courage and although fear overtakes us, we have to get the bravery to overcome it and face the situations that are in front of us. It is never easy to leave the comfort zone and face new challenges or new experiences. The new and the difficult can destabilize anyone, but with patience and perseverance everything can be overcome, and we can get rewards that otherwise would never arrive. She is a clear example of overcoming her fears, so there could not be a better model to transmit this concept.
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"El coraje no significa que no tengas miedo. El coraje significa que no dejes que el miedo te detenga." Bethany Hamilton.
Seguramente cuando decidí incluir a mi novia en algunas de mis fotografías en Singapur, no se imaginó que iba a decirle que hiciera cosas poco convencionales para ser parte de ellas. Ya fuera pedirle que caminara con tacones una y otra vez por una cinta transportadora en la entrada de un hotel de 5 estrellas, leer de pié en una biblioteca pública o como en esta ocasión caminar descalza en una de las fuentes del exterior del rascacielos Millenia Tower. En una ciudad como Singapur hacer cosas un poco diferentes en sitios públicos va a atraer la atención de la gente que pasa y puede que algún guardia de seguridad te invite a marcharte. No obstante, en cada una de estas ocasiones ella superó los pequeños miedos iniciales y me ayudó a conseguir las fotos que había imaginado.
En la vida a menudo el miedo nos detiene, y aunque a veces es realmente necesario no cometer riesgos inútiles, otras veces hay que armarse de coraje y aunque el temor nos aceche, tenemos que sacar la valentía suficiente para superarlo y enfrentarnos a las situaciones que se presentan. Nunca es fácil salir de la zona de confort y hacer frente a nuevos retos o a nuevas experiencias. Lo nuevo y lo difícil pueden llegar a desestabilizar a cualquiera, pero con paciencia y perseverancia todo se puede superar, y podemos conseguir así recompensas que de otro modo nunca llegarían. Ella es un claro ejemplo de superación constante, así que no podía haber una mejor modelo para transmitir este concepto.
Il. Title- ( - sang sur mains - ) Mike Mullen having a nice steak dinner with a 'clear conscience' ... ( On top of dead Afghani civilians & dead soldiers.. Egomaniac.. ) Yes Wikileaks shared this piece inspired by them & their work: twitter.com/wikileaks/status/21824111844 it & the entire Wikileaks series is not- for sale.
At some point there may be an exhibition with funds going towards WL & Bradley Manning.
But for now none of the pieces in the series are commercially available or for sale to private individuals.
They do have free use by Wikileaks however.
More work to be posted soon.
Dimensions: 18" x 24.5" acid free paper, acrylics, gouache & ebony pencil
"Mr. Assange can say whatever he likes about the greater good he thinks he and his source are doing, but the truth is they might already have on their hands the blood of some young soldier or that of an Afghan family," Mullen said."
www.foxnews.com/politics/2010/07/29/pentagon-wikileaks-bl...
MMm no- Mullen..How can we end these wars ASAP- & STOP you from getting any MORE blood on YOUR hands..
( News from Wikileaks Twitter feed, 8 - 19 - 2012: "In fact, being from another planet, he might even have picked up on something that most Americans would be unlikely to notice -- that, with only slight alterations, Mullen’s blistering comment about Assange could be applied remarkably well to Mullen himself. “Chairman Mullen,” that Martian might have responded, “can say whatever he likes about the greater good he thinks he is doing, but the truth is he already has on his hands the blood of some young soldiers and that of many Afghan families.” "
www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/08/06/opinion/main6748239.shtml )
War Diary - wardiary.wikileaks.org/ Timeline: wartimeline.haineault.com/
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Mullen#2007_Senate_testimon...
& from the Pentagon- "“We want whatever they have returned to us and we want whatever copies they have expunged… We demand that they do the right thing. If doing the right thing is not good enough for them, then we will figure out what alternatives we have to compel them to do the right thing." mashable.com/2010/08/05/pentagon-wikileaks-demand/
The NERVE.. -
Wikileaks - "What we didn't hear from the Pentagon last week: "killing all those innocent people is bad. Sorry. We will stop that" Thursday, August 05, 2010
YES.
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"Thousands of children and adults had been killed and the US could have announced a broad inquiry into these killings, "but he decided to treat these issues with contempt''.
He said: "This behaviour is unacceptable. We will continue to expose abuses by this administration and others."" - www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jul/30/us-military-wikileak...
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( From Wikileaks twitter- Aug 19 2010 _ ) -
Wikileaks vs the Pentagon: Phony Fingerpointing
Tom Engelhardt:: Who Really Has Blood On Their Hands?
"Consider the following statement offered by Admiral Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, at a news conference last week. He was discussing Julian Assange, the founder of Wikileaks as well as the person who has taken responsibility for the vast, still ongoing Afghan War document dump at that site. "Mr. Assange,” Mullen commented, “can say whatever he likes about the greater good he thinks he and his source are doing, but the truth is they might already have on their hands the blood of some young soldier or that of an Afghan family.”
Now, if you were the proverbial fair-minded visitor from Mars (who in school civics texts of my childhood always seemed to land on Main Street, U.S.A., to survey the wonders of our American system), you might be a bit taken aback by Mullen’s statement. After all, one of the revelations in the trove of leaked documents Assange put online had to do with how much blood from innocent Afghan civilians was already on American hands.
The British Guardian was one of three publications given early access to the leaked archive, and it began its main article this way: “A huge cache of secret U.S. military files today provides a devastating portrait of the failing war in Afghanistan, revealing how coalition forces have killed hundreds of civilians in unreported incidents. They range from the shootings of individual innocents to the often massive loss of life from air strikes...” Or as the paper added in a piece headlined “Secret CIA paramilitaries’ role in civilian deaths”: “Behind the military jargon, the war logs are littered with accounts of civilian tragedies.
The 144 entries in the logs recording some of these so-called ‘blue on white’ events, cover a wide spectrum of day-by-day assaults on Afghans, with hundreds of casualties.” Or as it also reported, when exploring documents related to Task Force 373, an “undisclosed ‘black’ unit” of U.S. special operations forces focused on assassinating Taliban and al-Qaeda “senior officials”: “The logs reveal that TF 373 has also killed civilian men, women, and children and even Afghan police officers who have strayed into its path.”
Admittedly, the events recorded in the Wikileaks archive took place between 2004 and the end of 2009, and so don’t cover the last six months of the Obama administration’s across-the-board surge in Afghanistan. Then again, Admiral Mullen became chairman of the Joint Chiefs in October 2007, and so has been at the helm of the American war machine for more than two of the years in question.
He was, for example, chairman in July 2008, when an American plane or planes took out an Afghan bridal party -- 70 to 90 strong and made up mostly of women -- on a road near the Pakistani border. They were "escorting the bride to meet her groom as local tradition dictates." The bride, whose name we don’t know, died, as did at least 27 other members of the party, including children. Mullen was similarly chairman in August 2008 when a memorial service for a tribal leader in the village of Azizabad in Afghanistan’s Herat Province was hit by repeated U.S. air strikes that killed at least 90 civilians, including perhaps 15 women and up to 60 children. Among the dead were 76 members of one extended family, headed by Reza Khan, a "wealthy businessman with construction and security contracts with the nearby American base at Shindand airport."
Mullen was still chairman in April 2009 when members of the family of Awal Khan, an Afghan army artillery commander on duty elsewhere, were killed in a U.S.-led raid in Khost province in eastern Afghanistan. Among them were his "schoolteacher wife, a 17-year-old daughter named Nadia, a 15-year-old son, Aimal, and his brother, employed by a government department.” Another daughter was wounded and the pregnant wife of Khan's cousin was shot five times in the abdomen.
Mullen remained chairman when, in November 2009, two relatives of Majidullah Qarar, the spokesman for the Minister of Agriculture, were shot down in cold blood in Ghazni City in a Special Operations night raid; as he was -- and here we move beyond the Wikileaks time frame -- when, in February 2010, U.S. Special Forces troops in helicopters struck a convoy of mini-buses, killing up to 27 civilians, including women and children; as he also was when, in that same month, in a special operations night raid, two pregnant women and a teenage girl, as well as a police officer and his brother, were shot to death in their home in a village near Gardez, the capital of Paktia province. After which, the soldiers reportedly dug the bullets out of the bodies, washed the wounds with alcohol, and tried to cover the incident up. He was no less chairman late last month when residents of a small town in Helmand province in southern Afghanistan claimed that a NATO missile attack had killed 52 civilians, an incident that, like just about every other one mentioned above and so many more, was initially denied by U.S. and NATO spokespeople and is now being “investigated.” "
www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/08/06/opinion/main6748239.shtml
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"What is interesting is who is responsible for the killings.
Of the 1,325 civilian deaths recorded by the Afghan human rights group, 23 per cent were attributed to Nato or Afghan government forces. The Taliban and their allies were responsible for 68 per cent of the deaths.
The UN study claimed the civilian death toll was slightly lower at 1,271 with anti-government forces blamed for 76 per cent of the casualties.
Chronicling precise figures is extremely difficult because most parts of the country are inaccessible.
Crucially, both studies suggested that the proportion of deaths attributed to Nato and Afghan government forces were down compared to last year because of fewer air strikes.
This is important because clumsy air strikes on innocent villages and unfair raids on their houses has been driving a lot of Afghans to pick up arms on behalf of insurgents."
by, Hamida Ghafour
More: www.thenational.ae/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20100811/OP...
& -
"My countrymen called me a prostitute
(Filed: 26/10/2004)
Fourteen months ago, Hamida Ghafour went to Afghanistan to cover her native countrys postwar reconstruction for this newspaper. But, as a westernised Afghan, her homecoming wasnt as welcoming as she had hoped"
www.afghanistan.org/news_detail.asp?17220
I am skeptical about agendas.. It can be confusing, this is why for better or worse one must have THE FACTS - it would have been better if we had them from the START.
Without facts no one cares what we do- or who we kill, because we simply don't have ANY concept of how a decade long war is going..
“The government is engaging in selective prosecution to ensure that employees keep their mouths shut,” says Stephen Khon, a lawyer specializing in whistleblowing cases. “All of a sudden the whistleblower becomes public enemy number one. There is no proportionality.” www.alternet.org/world/147778/how_the_military_destroys_t...
This- - you MUST watch-- It's of Afghani's asking for peace & for us to leave- "Wikileaks Assange, stand freely for love & we in Afg will stand with you.." From: www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9E_nXiPj9g
US war crimes: soldiers speak out. - www.youtube.com/watch?v=tj6s1V0Dpuw
From Wikileaks Twitter- "UNAMA Human Rights Unit issued recommendations in the report including:
• The Taliban should withdraw all orders and statements calling for the killing of civilians; and, the Taliban and other AGEs should end the use of IEDs and suicide attacks, comply with international humanitarian law, cease acts of intimidation and killing including assassination, execution and abduction, fully respect citizens’ freedom of movement and stop using civilians as human shields.
• International military forces should make more transparent their investigation and reporting on civilian casualties including on accountability; maintain and strengthen directives restricting aerial attacks and the use of night raids; coordinate investigation and reporting of civilian casualties with the Afghan Government to improve protection and accountability; improve compensation processes; and, improve transparency around any harm to civilians caused by Special Forces operations.
• The Afghan Government should create a public body to lead its response to major civilian casualty incidents and its interaction with international military forces and other key actors, ensure investigations include forensic components, ensure transparent and timely compensation to victims; and, improve accountability including discipline or prosecution for any Afghan National Security Forces personnel who unlawfully cause death or injury to civilians or otherwise violate the rights of Afghan citizens."
unama.unmissions.org/Default.aspx?tabid=1741&ctl=Deta...
From Wikileaks Twitter- CBC
"A bomb is found tucked into a school typewriter. Insurgents dressed in military uniforms attack an education chief. School guards are tied up while the building is bombed to smithereens. Teachers and students at an all-girls high school are poisoned through the drinking water."
"School attacks
Year Number of attacks against schools
2005 98
2006 220
2007 236
2008 348
2009 610
Source: UNICEF. Data for 2008 and 2009 are from the UN Country Task Force on Children, and previous years are from the Ministry of Education."
"Education for children up in Afghanistan since 2002- .
"Nine years ago, about 100,000 students were enrolled in schools. The figure now stands at more than seven million students, one-third of whom are girls, according to the Afghanistan Ministry of Education.
"It's one of those sectors where we've seen radical and dramatic progress since 2002," notes Rowell.
"No one knows where the country is going … but education is a beacon of success."
Read more: www.cbc.ca/world/story/2010/08/06/f-afghanistan-education...
& www.cbc.ca/news/interactives/database-afghan-war-logs/
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"New Petition Gains Prominent Signatures: “Defend WikiLeaks – End the Secret Wars” - Sign: seminal.firedoglake.com/diary/64042
"One of the most difficult tasks men can perform, however much others may despise it, is the invention of good games and it cannot be done by men out of touch with their instinctive selves." - Jung.
Treating Soldier Stress: www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,2008931_2172992,00...
"Afghan War Diary
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Afghan War Diary (also called The War Logs) is a collection of internal U.S. military logs of the War in Afghanistan published by Wikileaks on 25 July 2010.
The logs consist of 91,731 documents, covering the period between January 2004 and December 2009. Most of the documents were classified as "secret", which The New York Times called "a relatively low level of classification".
As of 28 July 2010, only 75,000 of the documents have been released to the public, a move which Wikileaks says is "part of a harm minimization process demanded by [the] source". Prior to releasing the initial 75,000 documents, Wikileaks made the logs available to The Guardian, The New York Times and Der Spiegel in its German and English on-line edition which published reports per previous agreement on that same day, July 25, 2010."
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"In June 2010, Guardian journalist Nick Davies and WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange established that the US army had built a huge database with six years of sensitive military intelligence material, to which many thousands of US soldiers had access and some of them had been able to download copies, and WikiLeaks had one copy which it proposed to publish online, via a series of uncensorable global servers.
Wikileaks describes itself as "a multi-jurisdictional public service designed to protect whistleblowers, journalists and activists who have sensitive materials to communicate to the public."
In an interview with the U.K.'s Channel 4, Wikileaks founder Julian Assange said that "we have a stated commitment to a particular kind of process and objective, and that commitment is to get censored material out and never to take it down." He contrasted the group with other media outlets by saying that "other journalists try to verify sources. We don't do that, we verify documents. We don't care where it came from." He denied that the group has an inherent bias against the Afghanistan War, saying that "We don't have a view about whether the war should continue or stop – we do have a view that it should be prosecuted as humanely as possible." However, he also said that he believes the leaked information will turn world public opinion to think more negatively of the war."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan_War_Diary
"War has become a luxury that only small nations can afford." -
Hannah Arendt
"The leak of tens of thousands of Afghanistan war-related documents tells us more than the sum total of many official communiqués about the war. On balance, more disclosure is a good thing, but the leaking of raw military intelligence is a special case that requires a careful, rather than a cavalier, approach.
There is not enough information about the war, and much official information is misleading. In Canada, the federal government's quarterly reports contain a few updates based on its goals in Kandahar, but little else that informs. The government has already shown itself to be an unreliable source on issues relating to Afghan detainees.
The situation is now too dangerous for the most trustworthy chroniclers – journalists, UN personnel – to go outside NATO-protected areas.
So reliable, independent information is lacking. The circumstances in this war make such information even more necessary."
www.theglobeandmail.com/news/opinions/editorials/we-neede...
"Instead, many eyes will now pore over this data from many different directions, looking for patterns and attempting to eliminate the noise, disinformation and fog of war.
Many will look to it to criticise and condemn the US presence in Afghanistan, but if those on the other side – those who support such military incursions – have any sense, they too will use it to understand better the war in which they find themselves and adapt their counsel to fit more accurately the facts on the ground.
That’s the benefit, usually, of an open society. We get to triangulate on the truth by gathering facts in the public space, then providing them to all sides to chew over. We use this against our own illusions and those of more closed societies who can only view the world through one narrow perspective.": www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/finance/2010/0730/1224275801...
( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_ecology )
"The first phase was chilling, in part because the banter of the soldiers was so far beyond the boundaries of civilian discourse. “Just fuckin’, once you get on ’em, just open ’em up,” one of them said. The crew members of the Apache came upon about a dozen men ambling down a street, a block or so from American troops, and reported that five or six of the men were armed with AK-47s; as the Apache maneuvered into position to fire at them, the crew saw one of the Reuters journalists, who were mixed in among the other men, and mistook a long-lensed camera for an RPG. The Apaches fired on the men for twenty-five seconds, killing nearly all of them instantly."
Read more www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/06/07/100607fa_fact_khat...
"With the release of the WikiLeaks documents, Arab media may finally feel vindicated, as Western media finally start to give greater prominence to civilian casualties." newamericamedia.org/2010/07/wikileaks-documents-validate-...
"Wikileaks confirmed: A plan to kill American geologist with poison beer
The Wikileaks documents contain a claim that Pakistan and Afghanistan insurgents were working to poison alcoholic drinks in Afghanistan. While that's unproven, one US adviser in Afghanistan tells the Monitor he was almost poisoned that way in 2007." : www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-South-Central/2010/0728/Wiki...
"This is duplicitous only if you close your eyes to the Pakistani reality, which the Americans never did. There was ample evidence, as the WikiLeaks show, of covert ISI ties to the Taliban. The Americans knew they couldn't break those ties. They settled for what support Pakistan could give them while constantly pressing them harder and harder until genuine fears in Washington emerged that Pakistan could destabilize altogether. Since a stable Pakistan is more important to the United States than a victory in Afghanistan—which it wasn't going to get anyway—the United States released pressure and increased aid. If Pakistan collapsed, then India would be the sole regional power, not something the United States wants."
www.billoreilly.com/site/rd?satype=13&said=12&url...
"How to read the Afghanistan war logs: video tutorial
David Leigh, the Guardian's investigations editor, explains the online tools we have created to help you understand the secret US military files on the war in Afghanistan": www.guardian.co.uk/world/datablog/video/2010/jul/25/afgha...
"Jonathan Foreman, writing for the right of center National Review's Corner blog, hopes the documents will force America to deal with the possible deceptions being made by ally Pakistan. "It is possible that the publication of documents that provide actual evidence — rather than rumors — of the role of ISI personnel in Taliban planning, logistics, and strategy will give the West greater leverage in dealing with Islamabad and might force Pakistan’s political elite to confront the reality of the ISI’s secret activities. If so, that would be a silver lining to what is otherwise a military disaster abetted by the U.S. and British media."
www.nbclosangeles.com/news/politics/NATL-The-Importance-o...
"The real significance of the Afghan war diaries lies in what Wikileaks represents as a movement, as an evolution in journalism. One analyst has called it the emergence of open source journalism. Julian Assange makes it possible for anybody anywhere in the world to submit secret documents for publication." www.thehindu.com/opinion/columns/Sevanti_Ninan/article541...
A War Without End: www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,708314,00.html
"Julian Assange on the Afghanistan war logs: 'They show the true nature of this war'
Julian Assange, the founder of Wikileaks, explains why he decided to publish thousands of secret US military files on the war in Afghanistan Afghanistan war logs expose truth of occupation": www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2010/jul/25/julian-assange...
The history of US leaks: www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-10769495
Freedom of Information Act: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_(United_...
"A long-delayed Afghanistan war funding bill, stripped of billions for teachers and black farmers, is back before the House and walking now into the storm over the Internet leak of battlefield reports stirring old doubts about U.S. policy and relations with Pakistan.": www.politico.com/news/stories/0710/40254.html & www.politico.com/news/stories/0710/40251.html
This is a large study/drawing, Assange/Wikileakers of the organization Wikileaks ( wikileaks.org ) uses 'matches from sources' to disclose US gov secrecy ( behind large black curtains ) & to also finally bring some much needed attention & closure to some of these revelations ( set ablaze ).
This ongoing series is dedicated to everyone who has needlessly had their lives destroyed, been injured or die in this almost past decade of war. For the sources, journalists & average citizens who risk their lives to inform us.
Reuters reporters Namir Eldeen, Saeed Chmagh & the good samaritan ( father ) who died trying to save them & of course his two surviving small children who will forever be impacted by the brutality of war for decades to come.
Please help Private Bradley Manning- www.bradleymanning.org/
"One surprising consequence of the war in Iraq is the surrender of postmodernism to a victorious modernism. This has been largely overlooked in North America.
In reaction to the U.S. intervention in Iraq, Jacques Derrida, a famous postmodernist, signed on as co-author of an article drafted by the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas, previously an opponent of his, in an unmistakable endorsement of modernist Enlightenment principles. Derrida, the apostle of deconstructionism, is now advocating some decidedly constructive and Eurocentric activism.
The article appeared simultaneously in two newspapers on May 31, in German in Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung as "After the War: The Rebirth of Europe," and in French in Libération, less triumphantly, as "A Plea for a Common Foreign Policy: The demonstrations of Feb. 15 against the war in Iraq designed a new European public space."
Other famous intellectuals joined in with supportive newspaper articles of their own: Umberto Eco (of The Name of the Rose) and Gianni Vattimo in Italy and an American philosopher, Richard Rorty. This provoked much discussion in Europe, but only a few comments so far in North America, the Boston Globe and the Village Voice being rare exceptions.
This week in Montreal, there was an anti-globalization riot in which windows were broken in protest against a World Trade Organization (WTO) meeting. But the Habermas-Derrida declaration praises the WTO and even the International Monetary Fund as part of Weltinnenpolitik: maddeningly hard to translate, but something like "global domestic policy" or "external internal policy."
Yet it is not much of a stretch to claim the young anti-globalists as disciples of postmodernism and Derrida, who has hitherto been a foe of "logocentrism" (putting reason at the centre), "phallologocentrism" (reason is an erect male organ and, as such, damnably central) and Eurocentrism (the old, old West is the homeland of all of the above).
Derrida added a note to the article, observing most people would recognize Habermas's style and thinking in the piece, and that he hadn't had time to write a separate piece. But notwithstanding his "past confrontations" with Habermas (Derrida had objected to being called a "Judaistic mystic," for one thing), he agreed with the article he had signed, which calls for new European responsibilities "beyond all Eurocentrism" and the strengthening of international law and international institutions."
More: www.16beavergroup.org/mtarchive/archives/000361.php
"In early 2003, both Habermas and Derrida were very active in opposing the coming Iraq War, and called for in a manifesto that later became the book Old Europe, New Europe, Core Europe for a tighter union of the states of the European Union in order to provide a power capable of opposing American foreign policy. Derrida wrote a foreword expressing his unqualified subscription to Habermas's declaration of February 2003, "February 15, or, What Binds Europeans Together: Plea for a Common Foreign Policy, Beginning in Core Europe,” in Old Europe, New Europe, Core Europe which was a reaction to the Bush administration demands upon European nations for support for the coming Iraq War[25]. Habermas has offered further context for this declaration in an interview."
More: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%c3%bcrgen_Habermas#Habermas_and_D...
Habermas: ”The asymmetry between the concentrated destructive power of the electronically controlled clusters of elegant and versatile missiles in the air and the archaic ferocity of the swarms of bearded warriors outfitted with Kalashnikovs on the ground remains a morally obscene sight
I consider Bush' s decision to call for a "war against terrorism" a serious mistake, both normatively and pragmatically. Normatively, he is elevating these criminals to the status of war enemies; and pragmatically, one cannot lead a war against a "network" if the term "war" is to retain any definite meaning.”
Derrida: “To say it all too quickly and in passing, to amplify and clarify just a bit what I said earlier about an absolute threat whose origin is anonymous and not related to any state, such "terrorist" attacks already no longer need planes, bombs, or kamikazes: it is enough to infiltrate a strategically important computer system and introduce a virus or some other disruptive element to paralyze the economic, military, and political resources of an entire country or continent. And this can be attempted from just about anywhere on earth, at very little expense and with minimal means. The relationship between earth, terra territory, and terror has changed, and it is necessary to know that this is because of knowledge, that is, because of technoscience.
It is technoscience that blurs the distinction between war and terrorism. In this regard, when compared to the possibilities for destruction and chaotic disorder that are in reserve, for the future, in the computerized networks of the world, "September 11" is still part of the archaic theater of violence aimed at striking the imagination. One will be able to do even worse tomorrow, invisibly, in silence, more quickly and without any bloodshed, by attacking the computer and informational networks on which the entire life (social, economic, military, and so on) of a "great nation," of the greatest power on earth, depends.”
www.16beavergroup.org/mtarchive/archives/000361.php
I am incredibly- delighted at all the vital discussions about the war & US gov that are FINALLY taking place- & on a mass scale- as a result of this leak .. Simply miraculous..
FREEDOM & PEACE ( transparency, diplomacy & the evolution of such ) FOR ALL WAR NATIONS.
( WARNING - links ( after excerpt ) are NOT for sensitive viewers- ) "Wikileaks have released over 150 supressed images. This is the tip of the iceberg, keep looking, keep publishing.In the last week Wikileaks has released over 150 censored photos and videos of the Tibet uprising and has called on bloggers around the world to help drive the footage through the Chinese internet censorship regime — the so called “Great Firewall of China”The transparency group’s move comes as a response to the the Chinese Public Security Bureau’s carte-blanche censorship of youtube, the BBC, CNN, the Guardian and other sites carrying video footage of the Tibetan people’s recent heroic stand against the inhumane Chinese occupation of Tibet."
fortuzero.wordpress.com/2008/03/31/tibet-western-media-sa...
file.wikileaks.org/file/tibet-protest-photos/index.html
FREE TIBET!!!!!!!!!!!!
Also other dire & serious issues ( out of countless ) - that expose corruption by corporations & gov's:
"A documentary about intensive pig farming due to be screened at the Guardian Hay festival on Sunday is facing a legal threat from one of the companies it investigates. Pig Business criticises the practices of the world's largest pork processor, Smithfield Foods, claiming it is responsible for environmental pollution and health problems among residents near its factories."
www.guardian.co.uk/film/2009/may/29/pig-business-document...
"In an investigation broadcast on BBC Radio 5 on November 14, 2004,[79] it was reported that the site is still contaminated with 'thousands' of metric tons of toxic chemicals, including benzene hexachloride and mercury, held in open containers or loose on the ground. A sample of drinking water from a well near the site had levels of contamination 500 times higher than the maximum limits recommended by the World Health Organization.[80]
In 2009, a day before the 25th anniversary of the disaster, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), a Delhi based pollution monitoring lab, released latest tests from a study showing that groundwater in areas even three km from the factory up to 38.6 times more pesticides than Indian standards."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhopal_disaster
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The Blue Mask - Lou Reed - www.goear.com/listen/9960779/the-blue-mask-lou-reed ( & O Superman ) www.goear.com/listen/02cf55d/o-superman-(for-massenet)-la...
Lou Reed The Blue Mask
Lyrics:
They tied his arms behind
his back to teach him how to
swim They put
blood in his coffee and milk
in his gin They stood over the
soldier in
the midst of the squalor
There was war in his body and
it caused his
brain to holler
Make the sacrifice
mutilate my face
If you need someone to kill
I'm a man without a will
Wash the razor in the rain
Let me luxuriate in pain
Please don't set me free
Death means a lot to me
The pain was lean and it made
him scream he knew he was alive
They put a
pin through the nipples on his chest
He thought he was a saint
I've made love to my mother,
killed my father and my brother
What am I
to do
When a sin goes too far, it's
like a runaway car It cannot
be controlled
Spit upon his face and scream
There's no Oedipus today
This is no play you're thinking you
are in What will you say
Take the blue mask down from my face and
look me in the eye I get a
thrill from punishment
I've always been that way
I loathe and despise repentance
You are permanently stained
Your weakness buys indifference
and indiscretion in the streets
Dirty's what you are and clean is what
you're not You deserve to be
soundly beat
Make the sacrifice
Take it all the way
There's no won't high enough
To stop this desperate day
Don't take death away
Cut the finger at the joint
Cut the stallion at his mount
And stuff it in his mouth
---
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"He who joyfully marches to music rank and file, has already earned my contempt. He has been given a large brain by mistake, since for him the spinal cord would surely suffice. This disgrace to civilization should be done away with at once. Heroism at command, how violently I hate all this, how despicable and ignoble war is; I would rather be torn to shreds than be a part of so base an action. It is my conviction that killing under the cloak of war is nothing but an act of murder. "
Albert Einstein
IMAGINE THE HAPPINESS & GREAT WORK AHEAD OF US WE COULD HAVE AT THE END OF THE WARS!!!!!!!!!
www.goear.com/listen/48d6016/hora-de-la-mehedinti-romania...
NO MORE WAR & FREEDOM FOR ALL WAR NATIONS!!!!!!!!!
Peace.
Sun's out, guns out!
Since the Himmelboot was conceived to project military power and support the army, it is armed with various weapons.
It carries six bombs the crew can drop by cutting the cords, plus two bow-mounted swivel guns. No heavy cannons are able to be mounted, in order to keep the extra weight to a minimum and not overwork the engine driving the boat.
On the nose a harpoon gun is also mounted as primary weapon. Deadly, but without much noise or ricochet that could destabilize the ship.
Notes: Keeping that balloon in place was truly a pain. It's way more flimsy than I'd like. A grown-up can swoosh this thing, because you now how to handle it, but a kid would destroy it in seconds. I didn't want to attach it the way Lego does in their sets, because that means leaving out the bottom part of the balloon and I hate that visually.
We don't get hurricanes here in northern Ohio. But what we do get are long-duration wind events, usually triggered by the arrival of cold fronts associated with intense low pressure systems. That's the meteorological definition. The old guy with a camera definition is 'freaking awesome'. To be out in open areas when one of these systems sweeps in is totally immersive. I love the feeling of being physically buffeted by wind. Always have, even as a kid flying a kite. There's just something about being pushed around by an unseen force. Where it gets really wild is out in the meadows surrounded by tall grasses and reeds. The visual effect is one of being surrounded with every single thing in varying degrees of motion. The eye seeks out fixed objects and places of calm, but there aren't any. Coupled with the push of the wind along with its roar, it can be disorienting or even disconcerting. Sort of that funhouse effect where the normal view of the world becomes momentarily destabilized. It ties into my vision of experiencing ordinary places under extraordinary circumstances.
On this particular day I hunkered down for a bit in tall weeds, now bleached and dry from the killing frost. The dry grasses rustled and swirled all about me, but also sheltered me from the extreme winds passing just a few feet overhead. An illusion of safe harbor in the middle of nowhere. I lingered for a while until the freezing wind cold became unbearable.
One year ago, in the early hours of the morning, Ukraine saw the end of a peaceful existence, and threat to end their existence as a sovereign nation entirely. Lone border guards were among the first casualties, as the tanks rolled in and the missiles were launched in what Putin had wagered to be a three-day conquest. I am so glad that Russia had quietly become a kleptocracy, and their delusions of success could not be realized against the impassioned and skilled Ukrainian people.
As I sit here contemplating the past year, I am reminded of the kindness of friends, family, and strangers alike who helped our early efforts to support the influx if refugees here in Bulgaria. And I thank those who continue to support our efforts in sending aid to Ukraine. My thankfulness extended to many of the world’s governments, who are stepping up send tanks and long-range weapons to Ukraine. Without this help, Russia would have quickly expanded it’s borders and would not have stopped.
With the bravery of the Ukrainian people, and also the International Legion of foreign soldiers, and all the humanitarian aid workers within the country, Ukraine is on a path to recovery everything. The vast majority of the population say that there should be no territory lost, and I agree. The world is at war with Russia via Ukraine, and Russia will lose.
A few days ago, Putin made a long-winded speech. A few days before that, Russia failed in test-launching a RS-28 Sarmat ICBM. I believe Putin had intended to highlight a successful launch in his speech. Instead, his words echoed the frustration of failures in the military in Ukraine. Those failures continue, with the most modest territorial gains costing many thousands of lives and countless military assets.
As Russia runs short of military resources, Iran and now China are allegedly providing aid. I wouldn’t be surprised if North Korea is doing the same. Allegiances are being made across the world, and Russian natural resources are no longer required by Europe. Just today, the US, Australia and New Zealand announced new sanctions against Russia. The world continues to isolate the once-powerful tyrant who now must rely on the few strong allies it has – all of them non-democratic despotic nations.
I am confident that Ukraine will never give up this fight, and it will end with the destabilization of the Russian Federation. Poland is willing to train Ukrainian pilots on F-16 fighter jets, and the first Leopard 2 tanks have arrived on Ukrainian soil. Ukraine will win, that much is a certainty. There’s still a lot of unknowns, however. How long and how many lives will it take? What happens when Russia loses? Remember that China and Russia share a very large border… in a destabilized Russia, would a country like China simply respect all previous international borders? The world is at the largest potential turning point in my generation.
And maybe the world needs a turning point for the better - with the climate crisis and geopolitics, a whole and sovereign Ukraine is the keystone of the next phase of international cooperation. It’s proof that much of the world can come together for a common goal. Beyond borders, continents, language and religion, the world can become aligned with democracy. That’s a scary thought for the despots of the world, and as it should be.
This image is taken with a snowdrop flower, turned upside down (as the flower usually droops downward – in this image it’s facing up). This isn’t a water droplet, but rather a gel-based “water pearl” that absorbs water and maintains a spherical shape. Like a mini crystal ball, it refracts what is behind it – and also stays spherical at much larger sizes than a water droplet. I made a print of the Ukrainian Coat of Arms to place in behind. I dedicate this image to the Public Domain – use it for any purpose you wish, no constraints or obligations.
Слава україні. The only way to peace is through victory. Victory will only be possible because of the heroes fighting for it. Героям слава! May this year of fighting and sacrifice be seen by the world as a beacon of hope.
Model : Noemi Sciannimanico
Stylist: Jennyfer Di Benedetto
Make Up & Assistant: Shana Carrara
These shoots represent the space of dreams.
When we fall asleep, we live a lot of strong and conflicting sensations, that follow us even when we're awake.
I decided to locate the shooting in a small forest that fits perfectly depicted the intricate mental cage.
The different colors (yellow, blue and red) stand for the destabilization,the waste and the power.
25.11.2012
Location: Boschetto Da Fies
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Solo commenti personali. Cortesemente NON postate immagini di qualunque tipo, verranno rimosse!!! Niente inviti o immagini di gruppi.Grazie
Only personal comments. Please DON'T post pictures of any kind, will be removed!!! No groups invites or images, thanks.
The RIPPER is a bio-mechanical weapon prototype, designed to destabilize entire colonies aboard enemy starcrafts. It sustains itself by feeding on living plant and animal tissue, which can sometimes be seen dangling from its (incomplete) torso.
Fallstreak, or hole punch cloud formation. Results from supercooled water droplets being destabilized, say by a jet flying through the cloud layer (in this case altocumulus), which triggers the water to crystalize into ice and drop out of the cloud structure like virga, called the Bergeron Process.
I'm becoming increasingly mindful of the need to temper feelings of impatience and anger in my life. Disruption and disappointment are all part of the human experience. Not much we can do about it. I'm sorry, But developing coping skills is definitely within our means. I find myself continually sucking up news feeds like a vacuum cleaner. It's yet another compulsion (like watching YouTube videos) that has been enabled by technology. and is fueled by the accessibility of the tablet. The irony is the more I read (or watch), the shorter my attention span gets. The "what's next?" mentality guides my every click. Quite often this leads to frustration, particularly when I get consumed by rampant political discourse that is based on the relentless pursuit of power at the expense of any meaningful benefit to the general population. Nothing wrong with keeping informed. But I'm finding it extremely therapeutic to modulate the amount of coverage to which I expose myself. The collective anger and frustration of the nation will lead you down a rathole if you let it.
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The day after the solar eclipse I found myself with model Jill at the site of a controlled burn of ornamental grass. It's burned off each spring to make way for new growth. A wonderful metaphor for regeneration through destruction. And a strong echo of the eclipse which represented themes of beginnings and endings. Beyond all of that, it's an opportunity for dramatic portraits. But the scenes that result exist only for the duration of the flames which is mere seconds. As is often the case, the entire session boiled down to just a single frame.
- www.kevin-palmer.com - It was just me and a marmot on the summit of Burroughs Mountain admiring this view of Mount Rainier at sunset. The enormity of this mountain is humbling. Rainier is the most prominent peak in the lower US and the most glaciated containing rivers of ice up to 750 feet thick. This volcano is dormant, but not extinct, and it holds the potential for major destruction if it erupts. The greatest hazard wouldn't necessarily be a lava flow, but what's known as a "lahar." A lahar is a mud and debris flow caused by magma destabilizing the rock and rapidly melting snow and ice. These mudflows can travel many miles (as far as the Puget Sound) and signs in the campground warn visitors to head uphill in the event of an earthquake or a rumbling sound. After spending a week in Washington, this was the first sunset I saw that wasn't extremely smoky. It was a long hike back by headlamp, but the pictures were worth it.
There's an overwhelming sense of hopelessness in this old cemetery. Sadness seemed to envelop the place at every turn. Rather then turn away I actually try to absorb the dark energy and channel it into visual images and let it guide the composition. In this case I went with a low angles] to bring the tree limbs into the background. And a tilt of the camera adds a sense of imbalance, destabilizing the viewer and lending a feelings of chaos and disharmony. Once I break away from a session like this and return to my normal life, I am often exhausted. An hour or two channeling this darkness is physically draining.
The 21st July Martyr's Day Rally was held in 2025 by the Trinamool Congress. It originated as the 1993 Kolkata Writers' Building March and was a protest organised by Mamata Banerjee, then a leader of the Indian National Congress, on 21 July 1993, to demand the introduction of mandatory photo voter ID cards in elections. The protest aimed to potentially destabilize the ruling Left Front government led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist). The protest, which led to violence and police firing, resulted in the deaths of 13 people and became a significant turning point in West Bengal's political history.
I was reading the other day about old 1960s Batman TV series. One of the camera techniques employed in the production was the so-called Dutch tilt, where the camera was held at an angle. This was used in the show when the scene cut to a villain and the concept was to give visual reinforcement that you were seeing a crooked person, a criminal. I got to thinking about how life throws us a Dutch tilt ever so often. You're sailing along smoothly, navigating the daily ups and downs, when suddenly the camera angle that is your life takes on an uncontrollable tilt. Not necessarily because of a criminal but perhaps anything that destabilizes you, and knocks you off your stride. Just like the Batman show, things like this tend to pop up like a Jack-in-the box with little or no warning. Last Friday I walked my dog for a couple of miles and she never seemed healthier or happier. Not 24 hours later she appears to be at death's door. Since then I cannot seem to get rid of the Dutch tilt. Everything I do is somehow influenced or affected by thoughts and uncertainty. And at times abject fear. Not sure how this one will turn out; hoping for a good outcome. Would be delighted to simply be able to return to my daily grind. The minor annoyances and problems that I thought about last week would be a welcome relief right now. So I'll keep looking in hopes that the camera will tilt back to level.
Recommended viewing: 100% monitor brightness
Hōlei is a 550 years old curmudgeon sea arch that resides at the end of the world, or if you want to be more precise, at the very end of the Chain of Craters road in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park. Born of ancient lava flows and sculpted by southern Hawai’i's famed rough seas and violent surf, this sea arch is expected to eventually fall to the same oceanic erosional forces that carved it in the first place. They say, Hōlei may be standing on borrowed time. When we were there in the spring of 2019, park rangers were talking about new cracks in the bridge and base area of the arch. These destabilizing cracks have expanded thereafter and are visible to the naked eye in recent aerial photos of this place on the web. NPS has closed the nearby observation deck (from where the above image was made) in January of 2020; last I heard, a new observation area has been identified hundreds of yards away from the arch.
On our day of rendezvous, we made it to Hōlei at the end of a long day that started early with a morning flight from California. The sun had set a few minutes ago and behind us was a rising full moon, shining on the endless ocean like a trembling petite line of silver paint. The bright moonlight, however, barely illuminated the dark lava rock arch against the churned ocean-froth at its feet. Some waves –you can’t tell from this long exposure– jumped high, sometimes as high as the 90 feet arch. Standing there, one would be fooled into presuming the rock-arch to be the perpetual and the ocean to be temperamental and fickle. In reality, as you know by now, it’s the opposite. With age, the sea-arch has matured into a craquelure-filled, sombre, and masterly creation, where –after a long deep stare– one can almost witness its pulses beating. Add to that the acoustics of a mad ocean, and one’s reality easily blends as sfumato into a recherché experience.
The G2 star, Eresnewba beta, and distant red giant, Eresnewba alpha, set in apparent alignment (within 15 degrees) as they do approximately every 1024 earth days as viewed from Weber’s world. The seismic activity on the planet becomes uncomfortably intense. The outpost is schedule to be unmanned in a few years as the planet’s orbit becomes increasingly destabilized. The telemetry instrumentation will continue to transmit measurements of the Roche lobe overload (mass transfer due to the proximity of Eresnewba alpha and beta), and the shifting of the barycenter. But I hope to visit again for this spectacular annual event.
Expressing concern over global trade destabilization and angst over the future of the Panama Canal, these intelligent primates'
expressions reflected the uncertainties of our times. Gatun Lake, in the vicinity of the Panama Canal.
I love the discord I find in the older burial grounds. Particularly those centered on a knoll or hilltop as was quite common in the old days. The monuments were set plumb and level, but over time, frost and erosion heaves the stones to and fro. The effect is heightened by the fact that no two stones seem to move at precisely the same angle. I always look for ways to maximize this in my compositions. This technique is not limited to dark cemeteries. I think it's something we all tend to do, whether conciosuly or not...to play up whatever it is we're seeing, great sky for example, bright colors, architecture. It's all about using camera angles and framing techniques that help leverage the visual impact. In this case, it was a matter of shooting from a very low angle and exaggerating the already considerable tilt. It destabilizes the image and as a result the viewer.
Les installations en forme d'oeuf sont des diffuseurs émettant des sons en rapport avec l'exposition.
C’est un lien à la guerre plus actuel qu’a choisi Ian Hamilton Finlay en reproduisant la bataille de Midway (1942). A mesure que l’on s’approprie la salle, le bruit des ruchers se révèle être celui des bombardiers et la forme bucolique prend un tournant meurtrier. Prégnante et déstabilisante, l’œuvre est à l’image d’un lieu de prestige apparent où l’art contemporain n’est pas seulement observé mais vécu intimement par celui qui y est confronté.
The egg-shaped installations are broadcasters emitting sounds related to the exhibition.
It is a link to the more contemporary war that Ian Hamilton Finlay chose by reproducing the Battle of Midway (1942). As the room is appropriated, the noise of the apiaries turns out to be that of the bombers and the bucolic form takes a deadly turn. Pretising and destabilizing, the work is like a place of apparent prestige where contemporary art is not only observed but lived intimately by those who are confronted with it.
In the western part of Fish Creek Provincial Park, southwest Calgary.
Note how some of the trees up on the steep slope are in the process of tipping/falling over (rotating downslope, toward the river). Erosion is removing the soil, destabilizing the bases of some of the trees. The trunks of dead trees that can be seen in the shallow river may have fallen in following such a slope erosion history.
C. J.R. Devaney
Feel free to leave suggestions on how to improve this figure
Name: Maxwell Dillon
Villain
Universe Details: An electrical engineer once employed by Oscorp. Gained his powers from an accident in which a particle destabilizer he was working on for Oscorp malfunctions sending an electric shock through his body activating his dormant mutant gene. Electro’s only hate is towards Normon Osborn, as his salary kept his mother on life support. Being thought dead, his mother was eventually taken off life support and died. Electro has nothing in particular against Spider-Man, in fact he respects him as a “true” super hero. Though, he will not hold back against Spider-Man if he gets in the way of his plan.
Looking east-northeastward from the Log Slide Site.
The Lake Superior littoral of Michigan's Upper Peninsula provides some of North America's most spectacular shoreline views. While other portions of the coast feature rocky cliffs, this area is home to an immensity of sand in the form of dunes perched high above the water's edge.
Some sense of the loftiness of this 300-ft (90-m), sand-draped slope can be gained by using the mature Paper Birches (Betula papyrifera) for scale.
The perched dunes are the result of a complex succession of Pleistocene icesheet advances and retreats, fluctuating lake levels, stabilized and destabilized plant communities, and the accumulation of aeolian sand deposits brought by the prevailing northwesterly winds.
IL TEMPO LASCIA IL SEGNO SU OGNI COSA
La pelle è un tessuto in continua evoluzione, che, con il passare del tempo, subisce diversi cambiamenti. Da estremamente sensibile e delicata nei neonati, a più irritabile in fase adolescenziale, fino ad arrivare ai trent’anni con la comparsa delle prime “rughe di espressione”.
I segni più evidenti si notano poi dopo gli “anta”, quando assistiamo ad un progressivo invecchiamento cutaneo.
Questi cambiamenti spesso destabilizzano e spaventano, ma, diciamocelo, le rughe non sono delle nemiche da combattere, bensì il segno di una vita vissuta pienamente che ci ricordano chi siamo e da dove arriviamo.
Note tratte dal sito:
dedicatoame.it/invecchiare-bene-accettando-i-segni-del-te...
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TIME LEAVES ITS MARK ON EVERYTHING
The skin is a constantly evolving tissue, which, as time passes, undergoes various changes. From extremely sensitive and delicate in newborns, to more irritable in adolescence, up to the age of thirty with the appearance of the first "expression wrinkles".
The most obvious signs are then noticed after the "doors", when we witness progressive skin aging.
These changes often destabilize and scare, but, let's face it, wrinkles are not enemies to be fought, but rather the sign of a life lived fully that remind us of who we are and where we come from.
CANON EOS 6D Mark II con ob. CANON EF 100 mm f./2,8 L Macro IS USM
A la question « Pourquoi cette idée de peindre des boîtes de soupe ? », Andy Warhol répondait : « Parce que j’en consommais. J’ai pris le même déjeuner tous les jours pendant vingt ans, je crois bien recommencer toujours la même chose. Quelqu’un a dit que je subissais ma vie ; l’idée m’a plu. »
Un des sujets de prédilection de Warhol, qui s’apparenterait plutôt au Pop art, est bien de représenter des objets de consommation de masse. L’artiste reprend ainsi, en ne les modifiant que légèrement, des images de boîtes de soupe Campbell, de bouteilles de Coca Cola, de boîtes Brillo. Il a employé pour cela de la technique de la sérigraphie, qui lui permettait d’effacer toute trace personnelle et de renforcer l’impression de réalité de la représentation.
On peut donc remarquer que Warhol joue sur la notion d’illusion, de trompe-l’œil. On lit d’ailleurs sur le site du MoMa que lors d’une exposition en 1962 les montrant pour la première fois, les Campbell’s Soup Cans avaient été disposées ensemble, sur des étagères, comme pour simuler une allée d’épicerie. Jean-Olivier Majastre explique que « par les pouvoirs bien connus de l’illusion artistique, on nous fait passer la représentation pour la réalité, le titre pour le sujet ». Le fait de créer des œuvres qui imitent des produits ordinaires que l’on trouve dans les supermarchés et de les élever au rang d’icône, en les montrant dans les musées, provoque une déstabilisation des repères artistiques. Tout comme les ready-made de Duchamp, c’est bien parce qu’on déclare que ces représentations du banal sont des œuvres d’art qu’elles accèdent à ce rang. Comme on peut le lire dans le document créé par le service éducatif de l’Abbaye de Stavelot, Warhol utilise le pouvoir des images et remet aussi en question la notion d’œuvre d’art : « elle est désormais consommable, éphémère et reproductible ». L’œuvre de Warhol, qui symbolise bien l’« American way of life », questionne la société de consommation avec ironie et cynisme mais de manière ambiguë. On se demande ainsi si celle-ci est réellement critiquée ou au contraire admirée. De plus, le fait que l’œuvre s’inscrive au sein d’une série et que le motif soit également répété sur la toile amène à réfléchir sur la notion d’original, sur sa valeur et sur le commerce de l’œuvre d’art.
To the question "Why this idea of painting cans of soup?" "Andy Warhol replied," Because I used it. I have had the same lunch every day for twenty years, I think I do the same thing over and over again. Someone has said that I am taking my life; I liked the idea. "
One of Warhol's favorite subjects, which is more akin to Pop art, is to represent objects of mass consumption. The artist thus takes up, modifying them only slightly, images of Campbell's soup cans, Coca Cola bottles, Brillo cans. He used the technique of screen printing for this, which allowed him to erase all personal traces and reinforce the impression of reality of the representation.
We can therefore notice that Warhol plays on the notion of illusion, of trompe-l'oeil. We read on the MoMa website that during an exhibition in 1962 showing them for the first time, the Campbell’s Soup Cans were arranged together, on shelves, as if to simulate a grocery aisle. Jean-Olivier Majastre explains that "through the well-known powers of artistic illusion, we are made to pass the representation for reality, the title for the subject". Creating works that imitate ordinary products found in supermarkets and elevating them to iconic status, by showing them in museums, destabilizes artistic benchmarks. Like Duchamp's ready-mades, it is good because it is said that these representations of the banal are works of art that they reach this rank. As we can read in the document created by the educational service of Stavelot Abbey, Warhol uses the power of images and also questions the notion of a work of art: "it is now consumable, ephemeral and reproducible" . Warhol's work, which symbolizes the "American way of life", questions consumer society with irony and cynicism, but in an ambiguous way. One thus wonders if this one is really criticized or on the contrary admired. In addition, the fact that the work is part of a series and that the motif is also repeated on the canvas leads to reflection on the notion of original, on its value and on the trade of the work of art. 'art.
In June of 2002 the Hayman fire burned 138,000 acres southwest of Denver. The forest surrounding Cheesman Reservoir, Denver Water's 101 year old man-made lake, was the epicenter of the fire. It destroyed 900 year old trees and destabilized slopes that drain into the reservoir. Pictured here fourteen years later the trees that survived the fire have grown taller but the landscape remains starkly denuded, revealing the rugged contours of the Rocky Mountains.
Sea level drop refers to the phenomenon in which melting glaciers cause the surrounding land to rise.. Between 1901 and 2018, the average global sea level rose by 15–25 cm (6–10 in), or an average of 1–2 mm per year. This rate accelerated to 4.62 mm/yr for the decade 2013–2022.[3] Climate change due to human activities is the main cause. Between 1993 and 2018, thermal expansion of water accounted for 42% of sea level rise. Melting temperate glaciers accounted for 21%, with Greenland accounting for 15% and Antarctica 8%.: 1576 Sea level rise lags changes in the Earth's temperature. So sea level rise will continue to accelerate between now and 2050 in response to warming that is already happening. What happens after that will depend on what happens with human greenhouse gas emissions. Sea level rise may slow down between 2050 and 2100 if there are deep cuts in emissions. It could then reach a little over 30 cm (1 ft) from now by 2100. With high emissions it may accelerate. It could rise by 1 m (3+1⁄2 ft) or even 2 m (6+1⁄2 ft) by then.[6][7] In the long run, sea level rise would amount to 2–3 m (7–10 ft) over the next 2000 years if warming amounts to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F). It would be 19–22 metres (62–72 ft) if warming peaks at 5 °C (9.0 °F): 21 meters. Rising seas ultimately impact every coastal and island population on Earth. This can be through flooding, higher storm surges, king tides, and tsunamis. These have many knock-on effects. They lead to loss of coastal ecosystems like mangroves. Crop production falls because of salinization of irrigation water and damage to ports disrupts sea trade. The sea level rise projected by 2050 will expose places currently inhabited by tens of millions of people to annual flooding. Without a sharp reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, this may increase to hundreds of millions in the latter decades of the century. Areas not directly exposed to rising sea levels could be affected by large scale migrations and economic disruption. At the same time, local factors like tidal range or land subsidence, as well as the varying resilience and adaptive capacity of individual ecosystems, sectors, and countries will greatly affect the severity of impacts. For instance, sea level rise along the United States (particularly along the US East Coast) is already higher than the global average, and it is expected to be 2 to 3 times greater than the global average by the end of the century. Yet, out of the 20 countries with the greatest exposure to sea level rise, 12 are in Asia. Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam collectively account for 70% of the global population exposed to sea level rise and land subsidence. Finally, the greatest near-term impact on human populations will occur in the low-lying Caribbean and Pacific islands—many of those would be rendered uninhabitable by sea level rise later this century.
Societies can adapt to sea level rise in three ways: by managed retreat, by accommodating coastal change, or by protecting against sea level rise through hard-construction practices like seawalls or soft approaches such as dune rehabilitation and beach nourishment. Sometimes these adaptation strategies go hand in hand; at other times choices must be made among different strategies. A managed retreat strategy is difficult if an area's population is quickly increasing: this is a particularly acute problem for Africa, where the population of low-lying coastal areas is projected to increase by around 100 million people within the next 40 years. Poorer nations may also struggle to implement the same approaches to adapt to sea level rise as richer states, and sea level rise at some locations may be compounded by other environmental issues, such as subsidence in so-called sinking cities. Coastal ecosystems typically adapt to rising sea levels by moving inland; but may not always be able to do so, due to natural or artificial barriers. Between 1901 and 2018, the global mean sea level rose by about 20 cm (or 8 inches). More precise data gathered from satellite radar measurements found a rise of 7.5 cm (3 in) from 1993 to 2017 (average of 2.9 mm/yr), accelerating to 4.62 mm/yr for the decade 2013–2022.
Regional variations: Sea level rise is not uniform around the globe. Some land masses are moving up or down as a consequence of subsidence (land sinking or settling) or post-glacial rebound (land rising due to the loss of weight from ice melt). Therefore, local relative sea level rise may be higher or lower than the global average. Gravitational effects of changing ice masses also add to differences in the distribution of sea water around the globe. When a glacier or an ice sheet melts, the loss of mass reduces its gravitational pull. In some places near current and former glaciers and ice sheets, this has caused local water levels to drop, even as the water levels will increase more than average further away from the ice sheet. Consequently, ice loss in Greenland has a different fingerprint on regional sea level than the equivalent loss in Antarctica. On the other hand, the Atlantic is warming at a faster pace than the Pacific. This has consequences for Europe and the U.S. East Coast, which receives a sea level rise 3–4 times the global average. The downturn of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) has been also tied to extreme regional sea level rise on the US Northeast Coast. Many ports, urban conglomerations, and agricultural regions are built on river deltas, where subsidence of land contributes to a substantially increased relative sea level rise. This is caused by both unsustainable extraction of groundwater and oil and gas, as well as by levees and other flood management practices preventing the accumulation of sediments which otherwise compensates for the natural settling of deltaic soils, over 3 m (10 ft) in urban areas of the Mississippi River Delta (New Orleans), and over 9 m (30 ft) in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. On the other hand, post-glacial isostatic rebound causes relative sea level fall around the Hudson Bay in Canada and the northern Baltic.
Projections: A comparison of SLR in six parts of the US. The Gulf Coast and East Coast see the most SLR, whereas the West Coast the least NOAA predicts different levels of sea level rise through 2050 for several US coastlines. There are two complementary ways of modeling sea level rise and making future projections. In the first approach, scientists use process-based modeling, where all relevant and well-understood physical processes are included in a global physical model. An ice-sheet model is used to calculate the contributions of ice sheets and a general circulation model is used to compute the rising sea temperature and its expansion. While some of the relevant processes may be insufficiently understood, this approach can predict non-linearities and long delays in the response, which studies of the recent past will miss. In the other approach, scientists employ semi-empirical techniques using historical geological data to determine likely sea level responses to a warming world, in addition to some basic physical modeling. These semi-empirical sea level models rely on statistical techniques, using relationships between observed past contributions to global mean sea level and global mean temperature. This type of modeling was partially motivated by most physical models in previous Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) literature assessments having underestimated the amount of sea level rise compared to observations of the 20th century.
Projections for the 21st century: Historical sea level reconstruction and projections up to 2100 published in 2017 by the U.S. Global Change Research Program.[35] RCPs are different scenarios for future concentrations of greenhouse gases. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change provides multiple plausible scenarios of 21st century sea level rise in each report, starting from the IPCC First Assessment Report in 1990. The differences between scenarios are primarily due to the uncertainty about future greenhouse gas emissions, which are subject to hard to predict political action, as well as economic developments. The scenarios used in the 2013-2014 Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) were called Representative Concentration Pathways, or RCPs. An estimate for sea level rise is given with each RCP, presented as a range with a lower and upper limit, to reflect the unknowns. The RCP2.6 pathway would see GHG emissions kept low enough to meet the Paris climate agreement goal of limiting warming by 2100 to 2 °C. Estimated SLR by 2100 for RCP2.6 was about 44 cm (the range given was as 28–61 cm). For RCP8.5 the sea level would rise between 52 and 98 cm (20+1⁄2 and 38+1⁄2 in). A set of older estimates of sea level rise. Sources showed a wide range of estimates
Sea level rise projections for the years 2030, 2050 and 2100
The report did not estimate the possibility of global SLR being accelerated by the outright collapse of the marine-based parts of the Antarctic ice sheet, due to the lack of reliable information, only stating with medium confidence that if such a collapse occurred, it would not add more than several tens of centimeters to 21st century sea level rise. Since its publication, multiple papers have questioned this decision and presented higher estimates of SLR after attempting to better incorporate ice sheet processes in Antarctica and Greenland and to compare the current events with the paleoclimate data. For instance, a 2017 study from the University of Melbourne researchers estimated that ice sheet processes would increase AR5 sea level rise estimate for the low emission scenario by about one quarter, but they would add nearly half under the moderate scenario and practically double estimated sea level rise under the high emission scenario. The 2017 Fourth United States National Climate Assessment presented estimates comparable to the IPCC for the low emission scenarios, yet found that the SLR of up to 2.4 m (10 ft) by 2100 relative to 2000 is physically possible if the high emission scenario triggers Antarctic ice sheet instability, greatly increasing the 130 cm (5 ft) estimate for the same scenario but without instability. A 2016 study led by Jim Hansen presented a hypothesis of vulnerable ice sheet collapse leading to near-term exponential sea level rise acceleration, with a doubling time of 10, 20 or 40 years, thus leading to multi-meter sea level rise in 50, 100 or 200 years, respectively. However, it remains a minority view amongst the scientific community. For comparison, two expert elicitation papers were published in 2019 and 2020, both looking at low and high emission scenarios. The former combined the projections of 22 ice sheet experts to estimate the median SLR of 30 cm (12 in) by 2050 and 70 cm (27+1⁄2 in) by 2100 in the low emission scenario and the median of 34 cm (13+1⁄2 in) by 2050 and 110 cm (43+1⁄2 in) by 2100 in a high emission scenario. They also estimated a small chance of sea levels exceeding 1 meter by 2100 even in the low emission scenario and of going beyond 2 meters in the high emission scenario, with the latter causing the displacement of 187 million people. The other paper surveyed 106 experts, who had estimated a median of 45 cm (17+1⁄2 in) by 2100 for RCP2.6, with a 5%-95% range of 21–82 cm (8+1⁄2–32+1⁄2 in). For RCP8.5, the experts estimated a median of 93 cm (36+1⁄2 in) by 2100, with a 5%-95% range of 45–165 cm (17+1⁄2–65 in). By 2020, the observed ice-sheet losses in Greenland and Antarctica were found to track the upper-end range of the AR5 projections. Consequently, the updated SLR projections in the 2019 IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate were somewhat larger than in AR5, and they were far more plausible when compared to an extrapolation of observed sea level rise trends. The main set of sea level rise projections used in IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) was ultimately only slightly larger than the one in SROCC, with SSP1-2.6 resulting in a 17-83% range of 32–62 cm (12+1⁄2–24+1⁄2 in) by 2100, SSP2-4.5 resulting in a 44–76 cm (17+1⁄2–30 in) range by 2100 and SSP5-8.5 leading to 65–101 cm (25+1⁄2–40 in). The report also provided extended projections on both the lower and the upper end, adding SSP1-1.9 scenario which represents meeting the 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) goal and has the likely range of 28–55 cm (11–21+1⁄2 in), as well as "low-confidence" narrative involving processes like marine ice sheet and marine ice cliff instability under SSP5-8.5. For that scenario, it cautioned that the sea level rise of over 2 m (6+1⁄2 ft) by 2100 "cannot be ruled out".[7] And as of 2022, NOAA suggests 50% probability of 0.5 m (19+1⁄2 in) sea level rise by 2100 under 2 °C (3.6 °F), increasing to >80% to >99% under 3–5 °C (5.4–9.0 °F)." If countries cut greenhouse gas emissions significantly (lowest trace), the IPCC expects sea level rise by 2100 to be limited to 0.3 to 0.6 meters (1–2 feet).However, in a worst case scenario (top trace), sea levels could rise 5 meters (16 feet) by the year 2300. A map showing major SLR impact in south-east Asia, Northern Europe and the East Coast of the US
Map of the Earth with a long-term 6-metre (20 ft) sea level rise represented in red (uniform distribution, actual sea level rise will vary regionally and local adaptation measures will also have an effect on local sea levels). Models consistent with paleo records of sea level rise: 1189 indicate that substantial long-term SLR will continue for centuries even if the temperature stabilizes. After 500 years, sea level rise from thermal expansion alone may have reached only half of its eventual level, which models suggest may lie within ranges of 0.5–2 m (1+1⁄2–6+1⁄2 ft).[51] Additionally, tipping points of Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets are expected to play a larger role over such timescales, with very long-term SLR likely to be dominated by ice loss from Antarctica, especially if the warming exceeds 2 °C (3.6 °F). Continued carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel sources could cause additional tens of metres of sea level rise, over the next millennia. The available fossil fuel on Earth is enough to ultimately melt the entire Antarctic ice sheet, causing about 58 m (190 ft) of sea level rise. In the next 2,000 years the sea level is predicted to rise by 2–3 m (6+1⁄2–10 ft) if the temperature rise peaks at its current 1.5 °C (2.7 °F), by 2–6 m (6+1⁄2–19+1⁄2 ft) if it peaks at 2 °C (3.6 °F) and by 19–22 m (62+1⁄2–72 ft) if it peaks at 5 °C (9.0 °F).[6]: SPM-28 If temperature rise stops at 2 °C (3.6 °F) or at 5 °C (9.0 °F), the sea level would still continue to rise for about 10,000 years. In the first case it will reach 8–13 m (26–42+1⁄2 ft) above pre-industrial level, and in the second 28–37 m (92–121+1⁄2 ft). As both the models and observational records have improved, a range of studies has attempted to project SLR for the centuries immediately after 2100, which remains largely speculative. For instance, when the April 2019 expert elicitation asked its 22 experts about total sea level rise projections for the years 2200 and 2300 under its high, 5 °C warming scenario, it ended up with 90% confidence intervals of −10 cm (4 in) to 740 cm (24+1⁄2 ft) and −9 cm (3+1⁄2 in) to 970 cm (32 ft), respectively (negative values represent the extremely low probability of very large increases in the ice sheet surface mass balance due to climate change-induced increase in precipitation ). The elicitation of 106 experts led by Stefan Rahmstorf had also included 2300 for RCP2.6 and RCP 8.5: the former had the median of 118 cm (46+1⁄2 in), a 17%-83% range of 54–215 cm (21+1⁄2–84+1⁄2 in) and a 5%-95% range of 24–311 cm (9+1⁄2–122+1⁄2 in), while the latter had the median of 329 cm (129+1⁄2 in), a 17%-83% range of 167–561 cm (65+1⁄2–221 in) and a 5%-95% range of 88–783 cm (34+1⁄2–308+1⁄2 in). By 2021, AR6 was also able to provide estimates for year 2150 SLR alongside the 2100 estimates for the first time. According to it, keeping warming at 1.5 °C under the SSP1-1.9 scenario would result in sea level rise in the 17-83% range of 37–86 cm (14+1⁄2–34 in), SSP1-2.6 a range of 46–99 cm (18–39 in), SSP2-4.5 of 66–133 cm (26–52+1⁄2 in) range by 2100 and SSP5-8.5 leading to 98–188 cm (38+1⁄2–74 in). Moreover, it stated that if the "low-confidence" could result in over 2 m (6+1⁄2 ft) by 2100, it would then accelerate further to potentially approach 5 m (16+1⁄2 ft) by 2150. The report provided lower-confidence estimates for year 2300 sea level rise under SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 as well: the former had a range between 0.5 m (1+1⁄2 ft) and 3.2 m (10+1⁄2 ft), while the latter ranged from just under 2 m (6+1⁄2 ft) to just under 7 m (23 ft). Finally, the version of SSP5-8.5 involving low-confidence processes has a chance of exceeding 15 m (49 ft) by then. In 2018, it was estimated that for every 5 years CO2 emissions are allowed to increase before finally peaking, the median 2300 SLR increases by the median of 20 cm (8 in), with a 5% likelihood of 1 m (3+1⁄2 ft) increase due to the same. The same estimate found that if the temperature stabilized below 2 °C (3.6 °F), 2300 sea level rise would still exceed 1.5 m (5 ft), while the early net zero and slowly falling temperatures could limit it to 70–120 cm (27+1⁄2–47 in). Measurements: Sea level changes can be driven by variations in the amount of water in the oceans, by changes in the volume of that water, or by varying land elevation compared to the sea surface. Over a consistent time period, assessments can source contributions to sea level rise and provide early indications of change in trajectory, which helps to inform adaptation plans. The different techniques used to measure changes in sea level do not measure exactly the same level. Tide gauges can only measure relative sea level, whilst satellites can also measure absolute sea level changes. To get precise measurements for sea level, researchers studying the ice and the oceans on our planet factor in ongoing deformations of the solid Earth, in particular due to landmasses still rising from past ice masses retreating, and also the Earth's gravity and rotation. Satellites: Jason-1 continued the sea surface measurements started by TOPEX/Poseidon. It was followed by the Ocean Surface Topography Mission on Jason-2, and by Jason-3. Since the launch of TOPEX/Poseidon in 1992, an overlapping series of altimetric satellites has been continuously recording the sea level and its changes. Those satellites can measure the hills and valleys in the sea caused by currents and detect trends in their height. To measure the distance to the sea surface, the satellites send a microwave pulse towards Earth and record the time it takes to return after reflecting off the ocean's surface. Microwave radiometers measure and correct the additional delay caused by water vapor in the atmosphere. Combining these data with the precisely known location of the spacecraft determines the sea-surface height to within a few centimetres (about one inch).[59] Rates of sea level rise for the period 1993–2017 have been estimated from satellite altimetry to be 3.0 ± 0.4 millimetres (1⁄8 ± 1⁄64 in) per year. Satellites are useful for measuring regional variations in sea level, such as the substantial rise between 1993 and 2012 in the western tropical Pacific. This sharp rise has been linked to increasing trade winds, which occur when the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) change from one state to the other.[61] The PDO is a basin-wide climate pattern consisting of two phases, each commonly lasting 10 to 30 years, while the ENSO has a shorter period of 2 to 7 years.Tide gauges: Between 1993 and 2018, the mean sea level has risen across most of the world ocean (blue colors). The global network of tide gauges is another important source of sea-level observations. Compared to the satellite record, this record has major spatial gaps but covers a much longer period of time. Coverage of tide gauges started primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, with data for the Southern Hemisphere remaining scarce up to the 1970s. The longest running sea-level measurements, NAP or Amsterdam Ordnance Datum established in 1675, are recorded in Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Australia, record collection is also quite extensive, including measurements by an amateur meteorologist beginning in 1837 and measurements taken from a sea-level benchmark struck on a small cliff on the Isle of the Dead near the Port Arthur convict settlement in 1841. This network was used, in combination with satellite altimeter data, to establish that global mean sea-level rose 19.5 cm (7.7 in) between 1870 and 2004 at an average rate of about 1.44 mm/yr (1.7 mm/yr during the 20th century). By 2018, data collected by Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) had shown that the global mean sea level was rising by 3.2 mm (1⁄8 in) per year, at double the average 20th century rate,[68][69] while the 2023 World Meteorological Organization report found further acceleration to 4.62 mm/yr over the 2013–2022 period.[3] Thus, these observations help to check and verify predictions from climate change simulations. Regional differences are also visible in the tide gauge data. Some are caused by the local sea level differences, while others are due to vertical land movements. In Europe for instance, only some land areas are rising while the others are sinking. Since 1970, most tidal stations have measured higher seas, but sea levels along the northern Baltic Sea have dropped due to post-glacial rebound. Past sea level rise: Changes in sea levels since the end of the last glacial episode. An understanding of past sea level is an important guide to where current changes in sea level will end up once these processes conclude. In the recent geological past, thermal expansion from increased temperatures and changes in land ice are the dominant reasons of sea level rise. The last time that the Earth was 2 °C (3.6 °F) warmer than pre-industrial temperatures was 120,000 years ago, when warming due to Milankovitch cycles (changes in the amount of sunlight due to slow changes in the Earth's orbit) caused the Eemian interglacial; sea levels during that warmer interglacial were at least 5 m (16 ft) higher than now. The Eemian warming was sustained over a period of thousands of years, and the magnitude of the rise in sea level implies a large contribution from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets: 1139 According to Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide similar to today's ultimately increased temperature by over 2–3 °C (3.6–5.4 °F) around three million years ago. This temperature increase eventually melted one third of Antarctica's ice sheet, causing sea levels to rise 20 meters above the present values. Since the Last Glacial Maximum, about 20,000 years ago, sea level has risen by more than 125 metres (410 ft), with rates varying from less than 1 mm/year during the pre-industrial era to 40+ mm/year when major ice sheets over Canada and Eurasia melted. meltwater pulses are periods of fast sea level rise caused by the rapid disintegration of these ice sheets. The rate of sea level rise started to slow down about 8,200 years before present; sea level was almost constant for the last 2,500 years. The recent trend of rising sea level started at the end of the 19th century or at the beginning of the 20th.
Causes: A graph showing ice loss sea ice, ice shelves and land ice. Land ice loss contributetes to SLR. Earth lost 28 trillion tonnes of ice between 1994 and 2017: ice sheets and glaciers raised the global sea level by 34.6 ± 3.1 mm. The rate of ice loss has risen by 57% since the 1990s−from 0.8 to 1.2 trillion tonnes per year. The three main reasons warming causes global sea level to rise are the expansion of oceans due to heating, along with water inflow from melting ice sheets and glaciers. Sea level rise since the start of the 20th century has been dominated by retreat of glaciers and expansion of the ocean, but the contributions of the two large ice sheets (Greenland and Antarctica) are expected to increase in the 21st century. The ice sheets store most of the land ice (~99.5%), with a sea-level equivalent (SLE) of 7.4 m (24 ft 3 in) for Greenland and 58.3 m (191 ft 3 in) for Antarctica. Each year about 8 mm (5⁄16 in) of precipitation (liquid equivalent) falls on the ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland, mostly as snow, which accumulates and over time forms glacial ice. Much of this precipitation began as water vapor evaporated from the ocean surface. Some of the snow is blown away by wind or disappears from the ice sheet by melt or by sublimation (directly changing into water vapor). The rest of the snow slowly changes into ice. This ice can flow to the edges of the ice sheet and return to the ocean by melting at the edge or in the form of icebergs. If precipitation, surface processes and ice loss at the edge balance each other, sea level remains the same. However scientists have found that ice is being lost, and at an accelerating rate. Ocean heating: There has been an increase in ocean heat content during recent decades as the oceans absorb most of the excess heat created by human-induced global warming. The oceans store more than 90% of the extra heat added to Earth's climate system by climate change and act as a buffer against its effects. The amount of heat needed to increase average temperature of the entire world ocean by 0.01 °C (0.018 °F) would increase atmospheric temperature by approximately 10 °C (18 °F): a small change in the mean temperature of the ocean represents a very large change in the total heat content of the climate system. When the ocean gains heat, the water expands and sea level rises. The amount of expansion varies with both water temperature and pressure. For each degree, warmer water and water under great pressure (due to depth) expand more than cooler water and water under less pressure : 1161 Consequently cold Arctic Ocean water will expand less than warm tropical water. Because different climate models present slightly different patterns of ocean heating, their predictions do not agree fully on the contribution of ocean heating to SLR. Heat gets transported into deeper parts of the ocean by winds and currents, and some of it reaches depths of more than 2,000 m (6,600 ft). Antarctic ice loss: The large volume of ice on the Antarctic continent stores around 70% of the world's fresh water. There is constant ice discharge along the periphery, yet also constant accumulation of snow atop the ice sheet: together, these processes form Antarctic ice sheet mass balance. Warming increases melting at the base of the ice sheet, but it is likely to increase snowfall, helping offset the periphery melt even if greater weight on the surface also accelerates ice flow into the ocean. While snowfall increased over the last two centuries, no increase was found in the interior of Antarctica over the last four decades. Further, sea ice, particularly in the form of ice shelves, blocks warmer waters around the continent from coming into direct contact with the ice sheet, so any loss of ice shelves substantially increases melt raises and instability. The Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica's largest, is about the size of France and up to several hundred metres thick. Different satellite methods for measuring ice mass and change are in good agreement, and combining methods leads to more certainty about how the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, and the Antarctic Peninsula evolve. A 2018 systematic review study estimated that the average annual ice loss across the entire continent was 43 gigatons (Gt) during the period from 1992 to 2002, acceletating to an annual average of 220 Gt from 2012 to 2017.[85] The sea level rise due to Antarctica has been estimated to be 0.25 mm per year from 1993 to 2005, and 0.42 mm per year from 2005 to 2015, although there are significant year-to-year variations. In 2021, limiting global warming to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) was projected to reduce all land ice contribution to sea level rise by 2100 from 25 cm to 13 cm (from 10 to 6 in.) compared to current mitigation pledges, with mountain glaciers responsible for half the sea level rise contribution,[86] and the fate of Antarctica the source of the largest uncertainty.[86] By 2019, several studies have attempted to estimate 2300 sea level rise caused by ice loss in Antarctica alone: they suggest 16 cm (6+1⁄2 in) median and 37 cm (14+1⁄2 in) maximum values under the low-emission scenario but a median of 1.46 m (5 ft) metres (with a minimum of 60 cm (2 ft) and a maximum of 2.89 m (9+1⁄2 ft)) under the highest-emission scenario. East Antarctica: The world's largest potential source of sea level rise is the East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS). It holds enough ice to raise global sea levels by 53.3 m (174 ft 10 in)[87] Historically, it was less studied than the West Antarctica as it had been considered relatively stable, an impression that was backed up by satellite observations and modelling of its surface mass balance. However, a 2019 study employed different methodology and concluded that East Antarctica is already losing ice mass overall. All methods agree that the Totten Glacier has lost ice in recent decades in response to ocean warming and possibly a reduction in local sea ice cover. Totten Glacier is the primary outlet of the Aurora Subglacial Basin, a major ice reservoir in East Antarctica that could rapidly retreat due to hydrological processes. The global sea level potential of 3.5 m (11 ft 6 in) flowing through Totten Glacier alone is of similar magnitude to the entire probable contribution of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. The other major ice reservoir on East Antarctica that might rapidly retreat is the Wilkes Basin which is subject to marine ice sheet instability. Ice loss from these outlet glaciers is possibly compensated by accumulation gains in other parts of Antarctica. In 2022, it was estimated that the Wilkes Basin, Aurora Basin and other nearby subglacial basins are likely to have a collective tipping point around 3 °C (5.4 °F) of global warming, although it may be as high as 6 °C (11 °F), or as low as 2 °C (3.6 °F). Once this tipping point is crossed, the collapse of these subglacial basins could take place as little as 500 or as much as 10,000 years: the median timeline is 2000 years. On the other hand, the entirety of the EAIS would not be committed to collapse until global warming reaches 7.5 °C (13.5 °F) (range between 5 °C (9.0 °F) and 10 °C (18 °F)), and would take at least 10,000 years to disappear.[92][93] It is also suggested that the loss of two-thirds of its volume may require at least 6 °C (11 °F) of warming. West Antarctica: Even though East Antarctica contains the largest potential source of sea level rise, West Antarctica ice sheet (WAIS) is substantially more vulnerable. In contrast to East Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, temperatures on West Antarctica have increased significantly with a trend between 0.08 °C (0.14 °F) per decade and 0.96 °C (1.73 °F) per decade between 1976 and 2012. Consequently, satellite observations recorded a substantial increase in WAIS melting from 1992 to 2017, resulting in 7.6 ± 3.9 mm (19⁄64 ± 5⁄32 in) of Antarctica sea level rise, with a disproportionate role played by outflow glaciers in the Amundsen Sea Embayment. In 2021, AR6 estimated that while the median increase in sea level rise from the West Antarctic ice sheet melt by 2100 is ~11 cm (5 in) under all emission scenarios (since the increased warming would intensify the water cycle and increase snowfall accumulation over the ice sheet at about the same rate as it would increase ice loss), it can conceivably contribute as much as 41 cm (16 in) by 2100 under the low-emission scenario and 57 cm (22 in) under the highest-emission one. This is because WAIS is vulnerable to several types of instability whose role remains difficult to model. These include hydrofracturing (meltwater collecting atop the ice sheet pools into fractures and forces them open), increased contact of warm ocean water with ice shelves due to climate-change induced ocean circulation changes, marine ice sheet instability (warm water entering between the seafloor and the base of the ice sheet once it is no longer heavy enough to displace the flow, causing accelerated melting and collapse) and even marine ice cliff instability (ice cliffs with heights greater than 100 m (330 ft) collapsing under their own weight once they are no longer buttressed by ice shelves). These processes do not have equal influence and are not all equally likely to happen: for instance, marine ice cliff instability has never been observed and was ruled out by some of the more detailed modelling. Thwaites Glacier, with its vulnerable bedrock topography visible.
The Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers are considered the most prone to ice sheet instability processes. Both glaciers' bedrock topography gets deeper farther inland, exposing them to more warm water intrusion into the grounding zone. Their contribution to global sea levels has already accelerated since the beginning of the 21st century, with the Thwaites Glacier now amounting to 4% of the global sea level rise. At the end of 2021, it was estimated that the Thwaites Ice Shelf can collapse in three to five years, which would then make the destabilization of the entire Thwaites glacier inevitable. The Thwaites glacier itself will cause a rise of sea level by 65 cm (25+1⁄2 in) if it will completely collapse,[107][102] although this process is estimated to unfold over several centuries. Since most of the bedrock underlying the West Antarctic Ice Sheet lies well below sea level, it is currently buttressed by Thwaites and Pine Island Glaciers, meaning that their loss would likely destabilize the entire ice sheet.[38][108] This possibility was first proposed back in the 1970s,[37] when a 1978 study predicted that anthropogenic CO2 emissions doubling by 2050 would cause 5 m (15 ft) of SLR from the rapid WAIS loss alone. Since then, improved modelling concluded that the ice within WAIS would raise the sea level by 3.3 m (10 ft 10 in). In 2022, the collapse of the entire West Antarctica was estimated to unfold over a period of about 2000 years, with the absolute minimum of 500 years (and a potential maximum of 13,000 years). At the same time, this collapse was considered likely to be triggered at around 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) of global warming and would become unavoidable at 3 °C (5.4 °F). At worst, it may have even been triggered already: subsequent (2023) research had made that possibility more likely, suggesting that the temperatures in the Amundsen Sea are likely to increase at triple the historical rate even with low or "medium" atmospheric warming and even faster with high warming. Without unexpected strong negative feedbacks emerging, the collapse of the ice sheet would become inevitable. While it would take a very long time from start to end for the ice sheet to disappear, it has been suggested that the only way to stop it once triggered is by lowering the global temperature to 1 °C (1.8 °F) below the preindustrial level; i.e. 2 °C (3.6 °F) below the temperature of 2020. Other researchers suggested that a climate engineering intervention aiming to stabilize the ice sheet's glaciers may delay its loss by centuries and give more time to adapt, although it's an uncertain proposal, and would necessarily end up as one of the most expensive projects ever attempted by humanity. Greenland ice sheet loss: Greenland 2007 melt, measured as the difference between the number of days on which melting occurred in 2007 compared to the average annual melting days from 1988 to 2006. Most ice on Greenland is part of the Greenland ice sheet which is 3 km (10,000 ft) at its thickest. Other Greenland ice forms isolated glaciers and ice caps. The sources contributing to sea level rise from Greenland are from ice sheet melting (70%) and from glacier calving (30%). Average annual ice loss in Greenland more than doubled in the early 21st century compared to the 20th century,[117] and there was a corresponding increase in SLR contribution from 0.07 mm per year between 1992 and 1997 to 0.68 mm per year between 2012 and 2017. Total ice loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet between 1992 and 2018 amounted to 3,902 gigatons (Gt) of ice, which is equivalent to the SLR of 10.8 mm.[118] The contribution for the 2012–2016 period was equivalent to 37% of sea level rise from land ice sources (excluding thermal expansion).[119] This rate of ice sheet melting is also associated with the higher end of predictions from the past IPCC assessment reports. In 2021, AR6 estimated that under the SSP1-2.6 emission scenario which largely fulfils the Paris Agreement goals, Greenland ice sheet melt adds around 6 cm (2+1⁄2 in) to global sea level rise by the end of the century, with a plausible maximum of 15 cm (6 in) (and even a very small chance of the ice sheet reducing the sea levels by around 2 cm (1 in) due to gaining mass through surface mass balance feedback). The scenario associated with the highest global warming, SSP5-8.5, would see Greenland add a minimum of 5 cm (2 in) to sea level rise, a likely median of 13 cm (5 in) cm and a plausible maximum of 23 cm (9 in). Certain parts of the Greenland ice sheet are already known to be committed to unstoppable sea level rise. Greenland's peripheral glaciers and ice caps crossed an irreversible tipping point around 1997, and will continue to melt. A subsequent study had found that the climate of the past 20 years (2000–2019) would already result of the loss of ~3.3% volume in this manner in the future, committing the ice sheet to an eventual 27 cm (10+1⁄2 in) of SLR, independent of any future temperature change.[126] There is also a global warming threshold beyond which a near-complete melting of the Greenland ice sheet occurs. Earlier research has put this threshold value as low as 1 °C (1.8 °F), and definitely no higher than 4 °C (7.2 °F) above pre-industrial temperatures.[128][26]: 1170 A 2021 analysis of sub-glacial sediment at the bottom of a 1.4 km Greenland ice core finds that the Greenland ice sheet melted away at least once during the last million years, even though the temperatures have never been higher than 2.5 °C (4.5 °F) greater than today over that period.[129][130] In 2022, it was estimated that the tipping point of the Greenland Ice Sheet may have been as low as 0.8 °C (1.4 °F) and is certainly no higher than 3 °C (5.4 °F) : there is a high chance that it will be crossed around 1.5 °C (2.7 °F). Once crossed, it would take between 1000 and 15,000 years for the ice sheet to disintegrate entirely, with the most likely estimate of 10,000 years. Mountain glacier loss: Based on national pledges to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, global mean temperature is projected to increase by 2.7 °C (4.9 °F), which would cause loss of about half of Earth's glaciers by 2100—causing a sea level rise of 115±40 millimeters. There are roughly 200,000 glaciers on Earth, which are spread out across all continents. Less than 1% of glacier ice is in mountain glaciers, compared to 99% in Greenland and Antarctica. However, this small size also makes mountain glaciers more vulnerable to melting than the larger ice sheets. This means they have had a disproportionate contribution to historical sea level rise and are set to contribute a smaller, but still significant fraction of sea level rise in the 21st century. Observational and modelling studies of mass loss from glaciers and ice caps indicate a contribution to sea level rise of 0.2-0.4 mm per year, averaged over the 20th century. The contribution for the 2012–2016 period was nearly as large as that of Greenland: 0.63 mm of sea level rise per year, equivalent to 34% of sea level rise from land ice sources. Glaciers contributed around 40% to sea level rise during the 20th century, with estimates for the 21st century of around 30%.[4] The IPCC Fifth Assessment Report estimated that glaciers contributing 7–24 cm (3–9+1⁄2 in) to global sea levels: 1165 . In 2023, a Science paper estimated that at 1.5 °C (2.7 °F), one quarter of mountain glacier mass would be lost by 2100 and nearly half would be lost at 4 °C (7.2 °F), contributing ~9 cm (3+1⁄2 in) and ~15 cm (6 in) to sea level rise, respectively. Because glacier mass is disproportionately concentrated in the most resilient glaciers, this would in practice remove between 49% and 83% of glacier formations. It had further estimated that the current likely trajectory of 2.7 °C (4.9 °F) would result in the SLR contribution of ~11 cm (4+1⁄2 in) by 2100. Mountain glaciers are even more vulnerable over the longer term. In 2022, another Science paper estimated that almost no mountain glaciers can be expected to survive once the warming crosses 2 °C (3.6 °F), and their complete loss largely inevitable around 3 °C (5.4 °F): there is even a possibility of complete loss after 2100 at just 1.5 °C (2.7 °F). This could happen as early as 50 years after the tipping point is crossed, although 200 years is the most likely value, and the maximum is around 1000 years. Sea ice loss: Sea ice loss contributes very slightly to global sea level rise. If the melt water from ice floating in the sea was exactly the same as sea water then, according to Archimedes' principle, no rise would occur. However melted sea ice contains less dissolved salt than sea water and is therefore less dense, with a slightly greater volume per unit of mass. If all floating ice shelves and icebergs were to melt sea level would only rise by about 4 cm (1+1⁄2 in). Changes to land water storage: Human activity impacts how much water is stored on land. Dams retain large quantities of water, which is stored on land rather than flowing into the sea (even though the total quantity stored will vary somewhat from time to time). On the other hand, humans extract water from lakes, wetlands and underground reservoirs for food production, which often causes subsidence. Furthermore, the hydrological cycle is influenced by climate change and deforestation, which can lead to further positive and negative contributions to sea level rise. In the 20th century, these processes roughly balanced, but dam building has slowed down and is expected to stay low for the 21st century: 1155 . Water redistribution caused by irrigation from 1993 to 2010 caused a drift of Earth's rotational pole by 78.48 centimetres (30.90 in), causing an amount of groundwater depletion equivalent to a global sea level rise of 6.24 millimetres (0.246 in). Impacts: High tide flooding, also called tidal flooding, has become much more common in the past seven decades.[ The impacts of sea level rise include higher and more frequent high-tide and storm-surge flooding, increased coastal erosion, inhibition of primary production processes, more extensive coastal inundation, along with changes in surface water quality and groundwater. These can lead to a greater loss of property and coastal habitats, loss of life during floods and loss of cultural resources. Agriculture and aquaculture can also be impacted. There can also be loss of tourism, recreation, and transport related functions.[10]: 356 Coastal flooding impacts are exacerbated by land use changes such as urbanisation or deforestation of low-lying coastal zones. Regions that are already vulnerable to the rising sea level also struggle with coastal flooding washing away land and altering the landscape.
Because the projected extent of sea level rise by 2050 will be only slightly affected by any changes in emissions,[5] there is confidence that 2050 levels of SLR combined with the 2010 population distribution (i.e. absent the effects of population growth and human migration) would result in ~150 million people under the water line during high tide and ~300 million in places which are flooded every year—an increase of 40 and 50 million people relative to 2010 values for the same.[13][141] By 2100, there would be another 40 million people under the water line during high tide if sea level rise remains low, and 80 million for a high estimate of the median sea level rise.[13] If ice sheet processes under the highest emission scenario result in sea level rise of well over one metre (3+1⁄4 ft) by 2100, with a chance of levels over two metres (6+1⁄2 ft),[16][6]: TS-45 then as many as 520 million additional people would end up under the water line during high tide and 640 million in places which are flooded every year, when compared to the 2010 population distribution.
Major cities threatened by sea level rise. The cities indicated are under threat of even a small sea level rise (of 1.6 feet/49 cm) compared to the level in 2010. Even moderate projections indicate that such a rise will have occurred by 2060.[142][143]
Over the longer term, coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to rising sea levels, changes in the frequency and intensity of storms, increased precipitation, and rising ocean temperatures. Ten percent of the world's population live in coastal areas that are less than 10 metres (33 ft) above sea level. Furthermore, two-thirds of the world's cities with over five million people are located in these low-lying coastal areas.[144] In total, approximately 600 million people live directly on the coast around the world.[145] Cities such as Miami, Rio de Janeiro, Osaka and Shanghai will be especially vulnerable later in the century under the warming of 3 °C (5.4 °F), which is close to the current trajectory.[12][36] Altogether, LiDAR-based research had established in 2021 that 267 million people worldwide lived on land less than 2 m (6+1⁄2 ft) above sea level and that with a 1 m (3+1⁄2 ft) sea level rise and zero population growth, that number could increase to 410 million people. Even populations who live further inland may be impacted by a potential disruption of sea trade, and by migrations. In 2023, United Nations secretary general António Guterres warned that sea level rises risk causing human migrations on a "biblical scale". Sea level rise will inevitably affect ports, but the current research into this subject is limited. Not enough is known about the investments required to protect the ports currently in use, and for how they may be protected before it becomes more reasonable to build new port facilities elsewhere. Moreover, some coastal regions are rich agricultural lands, whose loss to the sea can result in food shortages elsewhere. This is a particularly acute issue for river deltas such as Nile Delta in Egypt and Red River and Mekong Deltas in Vietnam, which are disproportionately affected by saltwater intrusion into the soil and irrigation water. Ecosystems:
When seawater reaches inland, coastal plants, birds, and freshwater/estuarine fish are threatened with habitat loss due to flooding and soil/water salinization.[153] So-called ghost forests emerge when coastal forest areas become inundated with saltwater to the point no trees can survive. Starting around 2050, some nesting sites in Florida, Cuba, Ecuador and the island of Sint Eustatius for leatherback, loggerhead, hawksbill, green and olive ridley turtles are expected to be flooded, and the proportion would only increase over time. And in 2016, Bramble Cay islet in the Great Barrier Reef was inundated, flooding the habitat of a rodent named Bramble Cay melomys.[157] In 2019, it was officially declared extinct. While some ecosystems can move land inward with the high-water mark, many are prevented from migrating due to natural or artificial barriers. This coastal narrowing, sometimes called 'coastal squeeze' when considering human-made barriers, could result in the loss of habitats such as mudflats and tidal marshes. Mangrove ecosystems on the mudflats of tropical coasts nurture high biodiversity, yet they are particularly vulnerable due to mangrove plants' reliance on breathing roots or pneumatophores, which might grow to be half a metre tall.[ While mangroves can adjust to rising sea levels by migrating inland and building vertically using accumulated sediment and organic matter, they will be submerged if the rate is too rapid, resulting in the loss of an ecosystem. Both mangroves and tidal marshes protect against storm surges, waves and tsunamis, so their loss makes the effects of sea level rise worse. Human activities, such as dam building, may restrict sediment supplies to wetlands, and thereby prevent natural adaptation processes. The loss of some tidal marshes is unavoidable as a consequence. Likewise, corals, important for bird and fish life, need to grow vertically to remain close to the sea surface in order to get enough energy from sunlight. The corals have so far been able to keep up the vertical growth with the rising seas, but might not be able to do so in the future.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_rise
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level_drop
Tidal range is the difference in height between high tide and low tide. Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and Sun, by Earth's rotation and by centrifugal force caused by Earth's progression around the Earth-Moon barycenter. Tidal range depends on time and location. Larger tidal range occur during spring tides (spring range), when the gravitational forces of both the Moon and Sun are aligned (at syzygy), reinforcing each other in the same direction (new moon) or in opposite directions (full moon). The largest annual tidal range can be expected around the time of the equinox if it coincides with a spring tide. Spring tides occur at the second and fourth (last) quarters of the lunar phases. By contrast, during neap tides, when the Moon and Sun's gravitational force vectors act in quadrature (making a right angle to the Earth's orbit), the difference between high and low tides (neap range) is smallest. Neap tides occur at the first and third quarters of the lunar phases. Tidal data for coastal areas is published by national hydrographic offices. The data is based on astronomical phenomena and is predictable. Sustained storm-force winds blowing from one direction combined with low barometric pressure can increase the tidal range, particularly in narrow bays. Such weather-related effects on the tide can cause ranges in excess of predicted values and can cause localized flooding. These weather-related effects are not calculable in advance. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_range
Ce jour-là, il y avait des rafales de vents. J’ai trouvé amusant de prendre ce cliché car à chaque rafale qui déstabilisait l’oiseau, celui-ci poussait un cri de mécontentement.
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That day, there were gusts of wind. I found it fun to take this shot because every burst that destabilized the bird, it gave a cry of discontent.
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Est une espèce d'oiseaux échassiers de la famille des Ardeidae. Il se caractérise par un long cou, un long bec pointu et de longues pattes. Il possède une excellente vue panoramique latérale et une très bonne vision binoculaire frontale. Son ouïe, également très développée, le fait réagir au moindre bruit suspect. Il atteint en général 95 cm de hauteur et une envergure de 1,85 m pour une masse de 1,5 à 2 kg. Le Héron cendré peut vivre 25 ans mais des individus n'atteignent même pas un an.
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Is a species of wading birds of the family Ardeidae. It is characterized by a long neck, a long pointed beak and long legs. It has an excellent panoramic side view and a very good frontal binocular vision. Its hearing, also very developed, makes it react to the least suspicious noise. It generally reaches 95 cm in height and a wingspan of 1.85 m for a mass of 1.5 to 2 kg. The Gray Heron can live for 25 years, but individuals do not reach a year.
This is from series of photos that I took in North Africa and the Middle East in 2008. I was lucky enough to travel through these areas a few years before the current destabilization. In my solo travels from Morocco to Pakistan I experienced nothing but warmth and generosity from the people I met. Without the help and support of countless strangers it would have been impossible to complete this long overland journey.
Lately I get this gnawing sense of time slipping away. It seems to get worse each year, as days blend into weeks, and entire months fall by the wayside. It feels as if one big blur. I try to grab meaning out of each day, and for as many moments of this days. It helps to know time is not being wasted, but does nothing to stem the tide. Change of season hasten the feeling. Summer seems like it will last forever in June. But reality sets in by August, and transforms into a dull feeling of panic and loss as September morphs into October. Daylight is decreasing at an alarming rate. The places I visited all summer seem somehow different now; they just don't feel the same. Sunlight does not look the same. The weather is shifting. It is all quite destabilizing and will continue to be as we settle back into winter. I'm struck now by how quickly things change, light, shadow, weather, clouds. There's a sense of rapidity to things that I didn't really notice back in June. I think the sense sharpen a bit as a result. These thoughts and many more swirled in my mind as I stood beneath a giant maple tree in this old cemetery. Gale force winds were lashing the burial ground, causing the tree limbs to bend and sway before me. It seemed the perfect metaphor for what I was feeling. I loved the juxtaposition of solidarity in the old stones (death) with the fluidity of the leaves (life).
Formally known as Cape Hatteras Fishing Pier, the "Frisco Pier" as it is commonly known, has provided recreational fishing and sightseeing opportunities near the tip of Cape Hatteras since the 1960s. The pier was last fully operational in 2008, but it reopened for a brief period in 2010 before Hurricane Earl extensively damaged it. Because the pier has become so destabilized, the National Park Service has decided to remove it in the coming months.
I stayed with a family of spice merchants in the back blocks of Morocco this is their mother. She did not speck a word of English but welcomed me into her home like a long lost son.
This is from series of photos that I took in North Africa and the Middle East in 2008. I was lucky enough to travel through these areas a few years before the current destabilization. In my solo travels from Morocco to Pakistan I experienced nothing but warmth and generosity from the people I met. Without the help and support of countless strangers it would have been impossible to complete this long overland journey.
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen!
We expect a strong reaction from the world to today's Russian terror. We expect the reaction of partners. We expect the reaction of friends - not just observers. We expect the reaction of all those who really recognize the UN Charter.
We are doing everything possible. Ukraine presented the Peace Formula. The world heard it.
10 points - how to restore the full power of the UN Charter violated by Russia, and guarantee the safety of Ukraine, the safety of Europe and all the peoples of the planet who suffer from the consequences of Russian aggression.
In response to our Peace Formula, Russia is following the steps of its formula of terror.
The very next day after I proposed the Ukrainian Peace Formula at the G19 summit in Indonesia, we received ten Russian missiles per each point of the Peace Formula.
The strikes continued.
We liberated Kherson - and as soon as the Russian army fled from there, it began to methodically destroy this city. Strikes every day.
This night – another missile attack on the Zaporizhzhia region, on the hospital – on the buildings where the maternity ward was located. Russian terrorists took the life of a baby - the child was 2 days old when it was killed by a Russian missile!
And then again - dead, dead, dozens of wounded. In the city of Vyshhorod this afternoon, a residential building was hit, 35 people were injured, 4 were killed.
This is one of the main points of the Russian formula of terror - missiles.
Only today - almost 70 missiles. Against our energy infrastructure.
Unfortunately, a residential building was also hit.
Hospitals, schools, transport, residential areas - everything was affected.
Russian terror led to a blackout – and not only in Ukraine. The light also went out in neighboring Moldova.
But the understanding of what Russia wants to achieve with such strikes should not disappear anywhere in the world.
Energy terror is an analogue of the use of weapons of mass destruction.
When the temperature is below zero outside, and tens of millions of people are left without electricity, heat and water as a result of Russian missiles hitting energy facilities, this is an obvious crime against humanity.
Ladies and Gentlemen!
Among you are representatives of a state that offers nothing to the world except terror, destabilization and disinformation. Any Russian formulas do not provide for anything else.
And that's why I emphasize once again - it's time to support the Ukrainian Peace Formula!
There must be no opportunity left for terror in the world!
That is why we are turning to our partners for support to protect our skies. We need modern and effective air defense and missile defense systems, and I thank everyone who is already helping.
What can a representative of a terrorist state tell you now? That civilians do not suffer from their missiles? Everything is obvious. It's all too obvious.
And I urge you to take concrete steps to protect humanity and life!
Russia has long been trying to turn the UN Security Council into a platform for rhetoric. But the Security Council was created as the world's most powerful platform for decisions and actions. This is what we can demonstrate.
The Security Council should provide a clear assessment of the actions of the terrorist state in accordance with Chapter Seven of the UN Charter. Ukraine proposes that the Security Council adopt such a resolution condemning any forms of energy terror.
Let's see if anyone in the world will be able to say, along with Russia, that terror against civilians is supposedly a good thing.
I confirm the invitation from Ukraine regarding the mission of UN experts to critical infrastructure facilities of our country that have been or may be hit by Russian missiles.
It is necessary to give a proper assessment of damage and destruction. It should be stated that these are strikes against the very infrastructure that ensures the lives of tens of millions of people.
And finally, justice must be restored within the UN structures themselves.
The terrorist state should not participate in any voting on the issues of its aggression, its terror.
It is a stalemate when the one who caused the war, the one responsible for the terror, blocks any attempt by the UN Security Council to fulfill its mandate.
This is nonsense that the veto right is reserved for the one who is waging a criminal war.
It is necessary to lead the world out of this impasse.
It is absolutely possible.
The world should not be held hostage by one international terrorist.
Russia is doing everything to make the electric generator a more powerful and necessary tool than the UN Charter. We must and can return real meaning to all things - and above all to the UN Charter.
Your decisions are needed!
Thank you for the opportunity!
Thank you for your attention!
Glory to Ukraine!