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The pied avocet was one of the many bird species originally described by Linnaeus in the landmark 1758 10th edition of his Systema Naturae, where it was given the binomial name of Recurvirostra avosetta.[2] This species gets its English and scientific names from the Venetian name avosetta. It appeared first in Aldrovandi's Ornithologia (1603). While the name may refer to black and white outfits once worn by European advocates or lawyers, the actual etymology is unknown. Other common names include black-capped avocet, Eurasian avocet or just avocet.
It is one of four species of avocet that make up the genus Recurvirostra. The genus name is from Latin recurvus, "curved backwards" and rostrum, "bill". A 2004 study combining genetics and morphology showed that it was the most divergent species in the genus
Too awesome to describe.
To give a sense of scale, we were in a 20-person raft floating around this 'Horseshoe Bend' of the Colorado river earlier in the day. The river is about 200 ft wide in this shot, and the center rock is about 700 ft tall.
2-frame vertically-shot panorama, Taken from a cliff about 1000 ft up from the river, belly-laying on the rock ledge, hanging the camera over to take this. Yes, it was scary!
To see the view on the river at water level, go here:
This object when described is often referred to as having a resemblance to a Bogeyman, and I have to agree! Looking like some kind of dark ominous shadow creature, standing poised in the night’s sky, with an arm raised ready to cast a hot fiery orb. But, LDN1622 is in fact not such dramatic object, being mostly an enormous lane of obscuring dust a front of a faint emission nebula that seems to form part of the massive Barnard’s Loop in the constellation of Orion. The fiery orb object is a reflection nebula, categorised as van den Bergh 62 [VDB62].
In compiling this image, I remained with the colour filters of Luminance, Red, Green and Blue; leaving out my collected Ha data set.
Hi resolution image:
c2.staticflickr.com/8/7832/47032903891_1e7323f58f_o.jpg
Information about the image:
Instrument: Planewave CDK 12.5 | Focal Ratio: F8
Camera: STXL-11000 + AOX | Mount: AP900GTO
Camera Sensitivity: Lum: BIN 1x1, RGB: BIN 2x2
Exposure Details: Total: 19.75 hours | Lum: 55 x 900 sec [13.75hr], RGB 450sec x 16 each [6.0hrs]
Viewing Location: Central Victoria, Australia.
Observatory: ScopeDome 3m
Date: March-April 2018, and December 2018-February 2019
Software Enhancements: CCDStack2, CCDBand-Aid, PS, Pixinsight
Author: Steven Mohr
Chameleons are a distinctive and highly specialised clade of Old World lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015. These species come in a range of colours, and many species have the ability to change colour.
Chameleons are distinguished by their zygodactylous feet; their very extensive, highly modified, rapidly extrudable tongues; their swaying gait; and crests or horns on their brow and snout.
Most species, the larger ones in particular, also have a prehensile tail. Chameleons' eyes are independently mobile, but in aiming at a prey item, they focus forward in coordination, affording the animal stereoscopic vision.
Male panther chameleons can grow up to 20 centimetres (7.9 in) in length, panther chameleons have a typical length of around 17 centimetres (6.7 in). Females are smaller, at about half the size. In a form of sexual dimorphism, males are more vibrantly coloured than the females.
Coloration varies with location, and the different colour patterns of panther chameleons are commonly referred to as 'locales', which are named after the geographical location in which they are found.
Panther chameleons from the areas of Nosy Be, Ankify, and Ambanja are typically a vibrant blue, and those from Ambilobe, Antsiranana, and Sambava are red, green or orange. The areas of Maroantsetra and Tamatave yield primarily red specimens.
Numerous other colour phases and patterns occur between and within regions. Females generally remain tan and brown with hints of pink, peach, or bright orange, no matter where they are found, but there are slight differences in patterns and colorus among the different colour phases.
This image was taken on the Island of Nosy Be, off the north coast of Madagascar
I haven't uploaded in awhile. wow. Alright , well......I'm back from the NY/Canada trip. I had the most amazing time of my life. It was truely , truely incredible.Words cannot describe.
Yes , I found Mia. Some of you probably saw the photo i posted saying she was missing, and i wanted to make sure i made known that she's home and perfectly safe now. Pictures of her will be taking over my photostream again very soon , don't worry. :]
"Discover The Complete And Up-To-Date Encyclopedia That Shows How To Use The Healing Power Of Plants With Scientific, Accurate And Reliable Accuracy"
Introducing:
The Encyclopedia Of Medicinal Plants With a List of Medicinal Plants That Heal
Over 470 plants botanically described and classified by diseases.
From: James Luke
Tuesday, 11:24 a.m.
Dear Friend,
Inside of this encyclopedia is a large number of natural treatments described in a simple, clear language, correctly illustrated, placing the healing virtues of medicinal plants and their practical application methods within the reach of everyone. Experienced advice for the therapeutic preparation of fomentations, infusions, ointments, baths... Many charts describing the most frequent disorders and the plants endowed with the active agents that can heal them.
In each chapter the most important plants for the treatment of the diseases of a certain organ or system appear. When a single plant has several applications, as often happens, it is included in the chapter corresponding to its main application.
"Look at what people are saying about these Encyclopedia's"
I wanted to personally thank you for sharing those incredible encyclopedia books "THE FOODS WITH THEIR HEALING POWER and MEDICINAL PLANTS". They are an awesome source of reference especially when I talk about lifestyle change and health to my listeners. Praise 97.5FM is the #3 rated station in Atlanta so image how many thousands of listeners are blessed by the information they get from these books.
They and you are truly a God sent.
-Mellissa, Atlanta
...There is detailed information on the use and preparation for each plant.
In this encyclopedia you will find...
Plants for the eyes
The ___, raw or in juices is very good for the sight and for the skin in infusions and poultices.
Plants for the nervous system
___: The flowers and the leaves of this plant taken in infusions help to control and heal stress, insomnia, depressions, alcoholism, and drug addiction.
___: This plant also calms the nerves, beautifies the skin and protects the heart, using its flowers in infusions, or adding an infusion of it to bath water is very effective for insomnia or nervousness. Steam baths of its flowers also soften and beautify the skin.
Plants for the throat
___: Its flowers and its leaves in infusions, mouth rinse, mouth gargles and compresses are medicine for tonsillitis, pharyngitis and laryngitis.
___: Anti-inflammatory and astringent, the decoction of ___ or crushed ___, may be applied in any of the following ways:
Mouth rinses and gargles for ailments of the mouth and the throat.
Eye washes or blocked up noses
Vaginal irrigations
Sitz baths, for ailments of the anus or rectum
Arm baths, for chilblains
Plants for the heart
___: In infusions and under medical supervision, all the parts of this plant have properties to strengthen the heart, increase the strength of the cardiac contractions and to fight angina pectoris.
___: The infusion of its flowers and also its fruit are very effective for the treatment of palpitations, hypertension and other nervous cardio circulatory ailments.
Plants for the arteries
____: The decoction of the leaves of this plant is a powerful vasodilator of the arteries to the brain, to fight senile ailments, ageing and memory loss. ____ that is extracted from this prodigious plant is one of the most frequently used drugs today in the treatment of failure of the blood supply to the brain, migraines, hemorrhages, etc.
____: In mexico, and many other parts of the world, infusions of ____ and their young stems are used for bronchial colds and respiratory ailments. The oil from its seeds is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, as well as in vitamin E, A, and B. Therefore, it is particularly indicated for reducing the cholesterol levels in the blood, as well as for diabetes, kidneys and skin diseases.
Plants for the veins
___: A decoction of ____ nuts or wood is indicated to fight varicose veins, hemorrhoids and the disorders of menopause, using it in decoctions. In sitz baths it also alleviates urination disorders, pertaining to the prostate syndrome, cystitis or urinary incontinence. Likewise, it can be highly advisable for cases of hemorrhoids.
____: The oil of this plant is recommended for oily skin and for cases of acne. A decoction of the bark of the young branches and the leaves is used as a medicine in the case of heavy legs, varicose veins, phlebitis, in tisanes, compresses, hip baths and friction massages.
Plants for the respiratory system
____: The decoction of the leaves and the flowers has extraordinary properties, using it in infusions or essences to calm coughs, respiratory and digestive ailments. In baths, rinses, gargles, compresses and friction massages, it heals mouth and anal ailments, rheumatism and headaches, depression, asthenia and exhaustion.
____: Infusions of the dried leaves and flowers, used in tisanes give results in the cases of voice loss, acute bronchitis, bronco-pneumonia, asthma, and emphysema. ____ is also very helpful when stopping smoking, since it cleans the bronchial tubes of secretions, encouraging their elimination.
Plants for the digestive system
____: The infusions and essences of this plant are very appropriate for digestive ailments, colic's, flatulence, etc. Compresses, washes and friction massages are highly indicated for rheumatism, healing of wounds and eye washes.
____: Infusions of its leaves and flowered tops have properties to calm pain, they are invigorating and aphrodisiacs. It is recommended in cases of dyspepsia, intestinal wind, digestive spasms and colic, gastric atonia, hepatitis and physical exhaustion.
Plants for the stomach
____: The juice from this plants leaves heals peptic ulcers. Poultices of the leaves heal skin ulcers. It also improves acne.
____: The whole plant in infusions, mouth rinses and cleansing's help digestion increasing the gastric juices, it fights bad breath, it expulses intestinal parasites and calms menstrual pains.
Plants for the intestine
____: The leaves and seeds are a laxative par excellence, efficient and safe, it stimulates the motility of the large intestine and decreases the permeability of the intestine mucus.
____: The leaves and fruit, in infusions, irrigations, gargles, sitz baths and compresses reduce inflammation of the skin and the mucus. It heals digestive disorders, diarrhea, colitis and other ailments of the female genital system.
Plants for the anus and the rectum
____: All the parts of this vine hold healing properties: The leaves in infusions are medicine for vein circulatory ailments, hemorrhoids, chilblains, varicose veins, and diarrhea. The sap of the vine shoots heals skin irritations and irritated eyes. The ____ cure is very suitable for cleaning the blood. The oil from ____ seeds is highly applicable for excess of cholesterol.
____: It improves hemorrhoids taking a sitz bath with the decoction of the leaves and young buds, which also decreases the desire to smoke when chewed slowly. Also in poultices it is very useful to heal wounds, ulcers and boils.
Plants for the male sexual organ
____: The seeds reduce inflammation of the bladder and the prostate and expel intestinal parasites. The pulp of baked or boiled ____ is ideal for those suffering from digestive problems and kidney ailments.
____: This plant is normally presented in pharmaceutical preparations, it invigorates without exciting and without creating dependence increasing the energy production in the cells, therefore it increases sexual capacity and spermatozoid production, invigorating the organism in general.
Plants for the metabolism
____: infusions of the leaves are very useful in slimming diets due to its diuretic, depurative and anti cholesterol action.
____: It fights obesity and cellulite. Its algae have the property of removing the appetite and it is a gentle laxative.
Plants for the locomotive system
____: Poultices of fresh leaves alleviate rheumatic pain and inflammatory of the joints.
____: In infusions, essences, baths, frictions massages, fomentations and compresses it has invigorating properties for exhaustion, kidney colic, and rheumatism.
Plants for the skin
____: From the pulp of its leaves, the gel or juice is obtained which, when applied locally, in compresses, lotions, creams or pharmaceutical preparations, exercises beneficial effects on: wounds, burns, eczema, psoriasis, acne, fungi and herpes. It beautifies the skin and improves the appearance of scars.
____: The leaves and flowers in infusions or oil are an excellent remedy for burns, it moderates the inflammatory reaction, it has a local anesthetic effect, digestive, balancer of the nervous system and antidepressant.
Plants for infectious diseases
____: All the parts of this plant are natural antibiotics against respiratory and urinary infections. It encourages the functions of the skin. It acts against baldness.
____: It is a plant that has multiple anti-infectious properties with healing powers for the nervous system, digestive, respiratory and genital-urinary systems.
More Testimonials
Thank you for the encyclopedia books "The Foods With Their Healing Power and Medicinal Plants". I am Learning lots of information from them. This will be of great benefit to me when referring to the healing powers of foods. I will use this information in my chiropractic office when teaching about healthy eating to my patients. It is good to know that there are books that can provide this type of vital information to those who are willing to benefit from the information. Again thanks for these incredible books.
-Dr. Malcolm Hill
The Encyclopedia "Foods And Their Healing Power," Whose author is Dr. Jorge Pamplona Roger is a complete work, well structured, didactic and easy to understand for any kind of reader and of great value both for professionals and students in this field.
-Maria D Lopez-Martinez
It is my pleasure to recommend a set of books that I used and believe to be quite informational: Foods And Their Healing Power and Medicinal Plants. As a Fellow, in the Medical Fellowship Program at Wildwood Lifestyle Center and Hospital, I have found these books to be quite helpful. They provide accurate nutritional information for a wide array of foods found throughout the world and they include a list of medicinal plants with their properties and mechanisms of action. In addition, they are written without the usual heavy jargon, which makes them appealing to healthcare professionals, non-health care persons and children. The quality is superb and the material is presented in a colorful way. I have recommended them, on numerous occasions, to guests and patients at the Wildwood Lifestyle Center and Hospital. This set of books will complement the home and any other learning enviroments.
-Dr. Ervin Davis
I am writing this letter to offer my gratitude regarding the Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants. In your description of the books you explained how beautiful they were and their content. All that I can say is that your words were not enough! The books have already proven to be an incredible asset to my own education and the promotion of God's health message to others.
The color and clarity of photographs is nothing less than phenomenal and the information given on each of the foods and medicinal plants far surpasses anything that I have been able to find thus far in book form or on the Internet. Not only will this prove very valuable in a health ministry but also in my profession as a medical doctor in education of my patients.
Please feel free to use me as a reference if anyone medical or non-medical needs further insight on these very valuable tools. Thanks again and God bless you!
-Bobby E. Scales, MD
hear hear for yourself the valuable information inside of this encyclopedia
htp://www.heisawesome.org
The value of this encyclopedia lies in its rational and truly practical focus point for healing and preventing the diseases of your family, without the disadvantages that most medicines have.
The pharmaceutical laboratories are aiming their research efforts towards the vegetable world, in such a way that more and more often you can find medicines prepared using medicinal plants by the chemists.
The creator has given foods a healing and preventative power, particularly when we use a balanced diet in combination with other natural elements, such as the sun, water, clean air, medicinal plants and a good mental disposition.
Take action now.
Please visit www.heisawesome.org
Tel. 786-307-4077
The first historical records on Aalst date from the 9th century, when it was described as the villa Alost, a dependency of the Abbey of Lobbes. During the Middle Ages, a town and port grew at this strategic point, where the road from Bruges to Cologne crossed the Dender. While it was within the Holy Roman Empire it was considered the capital of the province of Flanders. In 1046, Aalst was transferred to the Countship of Imperial Flanders, and absorbed a portion of Brabant, and in 1173 it was united with the remainder of the Flanders province. Its frontier position on the border of the Holy Roman Empire allowed the town to keep a certain degree of independence. Its relation with Brabant has been preserved in the city's white and red coat of arms, the colours of Lotharingia.
Construction of the town hall began in the middle of the 12th century, making it the oldest surviving town hall in Belgium. Several manuscripts from this period still survive in the town archives. During the Hundred Years War the town of Aalst allied themselves with Louis de Male against Philip van Artevelde and sent troops in the victorious Battle of Roosebeke. The town hall, and the city itself, were almost entirely destroyed by fire in 1360. The town was soon rebuilt and a new belfry in gothic style was built in the 15th century. This was a time of great prosperity for the city, dominated by the powerful weavers' guild. It is also at that time that Dirk Martens, a local citizen, became the Southern Netherlands’ first printer, founding a printing shop in 1473 that published books by various authors including Christopher Columbus; Martens would later become a professor at the Old University of Leuven, and he was laid to rest in the Saint Martin's Church (Aalst) [nl].
Aalst suffered considerably under the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648). It was later taken by the French Marshal Turenne in the War of Devolution of 1667, then occupied by France until 1706, when it became independent once more following the Battle of Ramillies, along with Southern Flanders in general. The textile-based economy flourished under the French. In the 18th century, the Austrians controlled the region. 1830 saw Belgium gain independence and Aalst became part of the country, this ended a long period, starting in 1056, of foreign control, by such as the Spanish, German, French, and the Dutch. The 19th century was marked by social crises engendered by the Industrial Revolution, with Father Adolf Daens and his Christene Volkspartij emerging as the local defender of workers' rights. This was in response to Rerum novarum, which established worker rights. However Daens felt this did not do enough. Eventually, he was made to pay for his "splinter movement".[how?] In the Pre-World War II years, the fascist movement in the Low Countries gained momentum, with the collaborationist Vlaamsch Nationaal Verbond (Flemish National Union) putting down roots in the region. Aalst, along with Brussels and Antwerp were the strongest subscribers to this line of thought.The 20th century was marked by bombardment and occupation by the Germans during both world wars.
As described in the other picture, I was late to the scheduled alumni event due to the progressing sunset over Mannheim. a flock of birds arrived (one can still be seen on this picture), I switched lenses multiple time (to get back to the Summilux 50 again), and finally the sky turned red and orange. It became a very dramatic sunset, and I had a lot of fun documenting the progressing color shift from yellow-green to orange-red.
I assume that global warming is changing sunsets in Germany, as the air is more humid and sunset colors get more similar to tropical areas.
20191011-M10_9392-1-JPG
Most pilots would describe flying a C0034-S2 as similar to making a Rutenbahn Sandwhich with only your toes, while blindfolded and listening to Askreeen War Songs at 100 decibels. Were you to ask any of those pilots if they could name one still flying they would laugh in your face and tell you to joke around with some other sorry sod.
The C0034 was designed as a lightweight cargo jet with vertical takeoff and landing capabilities. The model was used for several years but never gained much appreciation as it was outclassed in nearly every regard by the more advanced C0102. During the years of the Raf Colony\'s expansion, the need for a small inter-planetary cargo shuttle inspired a few brilliant engineers (though early test pilots had other adjectives to describe them) ventured to retrofit the C0034 with two linear aerospike engines and maneuvering thrusters. The result was nothing less than abominabol and the engineers were promptly sacked.
The C0034-S was deemed unflightworthy and the project was sidelined for another decade until a new set of brilliant engineers decided to go out for drinks after work, got absolutley hammered and figured, why not just remove half of the internal structure and see what happens? The result, the C0034-S2, was light enough to fly but could only carry enough fuel for a few AU of travel, shelving it squarely in the disdainful categorey of \'rockhopper\'. Even worse, the ship was once-again outclassed (who are we kidding, it has never been anything else) as the VTOL system used air-breathing jet engines. Without an oxygenated atmosphere, hard landings were the only option.
Of course, an ultra-cheep rockhopper is the perfect workhorse of a Hibernia prospector! The Isadora has been around for decades and her crew insitsts she isn\'t going anywhere (although some joke that that’s because she can’t fly).
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Wowowow this build drained me. It took effort spread over all 30 days of my given month. She\'s nearly 8000 pieces with most of those going to the internal structure. I did not post any WIP pics over the month as I honestly never thought I would finish. I may post my sketches now.
The full model is available here. I don\'t have time to make more renders so feel free to explore the boat yourself! (Also, unlike my usual, only the VISIBLE parts are color-checked against Bricklink. Timing was tight.)
Finally, a huge thank you to -majortom- for test-building the working landing gear for this beast and giving me the confidence to move forward with the project!
Described on the web site as "our ‘northern lights’ over the Canal Pond". The Emperor fountain has been made into a fan of water, rather than a tall fountain. Lit up at dusk with coloured spotlights it gives an interesting effect, especially with the reflections of the illuminated trees.
A couple more shots in the comment below.
Wikipedia described this as, “a group of relocated Anasazi ruined cliff dwellings and a museum located just west of Colorado Springs”.
I can’t adequately describe the thrill of seeing not one, but two, koalas just near home this week. It doesn’t get much better than that 😍 And it was just delightful to see so many people stopping their cars to look, show their kids and take photos. (The koalas were safely inside the fence line of our golf course which has unfortunately been sold, but close enough to to the road to be easily seen).
It’s a desperately sad fact that koalas in Queensland, where I live, are now listed as an endangered species. Their numbers continue to decline as a result of habitat loss due to land clearing for development and farming, climate events like bushfires and drought, and disease.
Spring is mating season for koalas and I was lucky to spot two of them in the same tree in our local area where it’s estimated there are around 40 living in a conservation zone. But even this area is now under threat of housing redevelopment which would mean the further destruction of precious habitat for the koalas, kangaroos and other wildlife. The developers and local authorities will have a fight on their hands. I am getting ready for battle.
30. Far apart
122 in 2022
Website: www.alexandra-sophie.fr
Instagram: www.instagram.com/alexandrasophiearts
i seem to like using the smoke brushes ^_^
title describes the expressions.
well idea for this is the me on the right is breathing out smoke, the bottom left me is disrupting the smokes dirtection causing it to curl round. initially bottom left me was just blowing air, but it looked confusing as nothing was there, so i added faint smoke (the smoke matches the eyeshadows ^_^) again still using camera in manual mode.
Thoughtfully described, "Sorry if this ends up in your yard!"
Thanks Phate Shepherd!
I always wanted one of these... I just didn't know yet.
Posted by Second Life Resident Torley Linden. Visit Rodel.
She was describing it to me from the back seat and said that I might not like it because most of the people in it were mad. They were upset because the youngest girl, who was happy, had brought out the trampoline and was jumping on it a thousand times. When she tried to play basketball with the others, they wouldn't let her. But she was nice and said that they could jump on the trampoline anyway. But when they left the ball outside, she said that she wasn't going to clean it up for them. There was more to it, but I have forgotten some of the details.
I found that my grandfather's old typewriter could be useful for annotating analogue paper-prints.
Minolta Dynax 505si Super
Helios 44-2, 58mm/f2
Ilford HP5 Plus @800 ISO
Rodinal 1:25 (20°C, 8 min.)
Described as the 'Rock of Lutheranism,' the Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church is valued as the home of Canada's oldest Lutheran congregation. As well, it is valued as an architectural landmark in Old Town Lunenburg, with a steeple that can be seen for kilometers. When German Lutheran settlers first arrived in 1753, the settlers held services in the open air and later at St. John's Anglican Church. The first church on this site was built in 1772 and replaced in 1841 with a Gothic structure. The only remains of the first Lutheran church are the key to the building and the Saint Antoine-Marie bell that had formerly hung in the Fortress of Louisbourg (a French fort located on Cape Breton Island), and had been purchased by the congregation in 1776.
The present building dates from 1890 and was designed in the High Victorian Gothic style. The church's long nave runs the length of the block on Cornwallis Street, with an ornately decorated gable end on Fox Street. The dentil courses and stained glass windows are among the most noticeable elements of the nave. Two asymmetrical towers flank the front façade, each with a different design. The larger one has a pointed arch doorway oriented to the corner of Fox and Cornwallis Streets, and mullioned lancet windows on the upper storeys. It also has a tall spire housing the bell, which is highly visible from many points in Lunenburg, including the harbour approaches. The second tower is pyramidal with windows of various shapes and sizes, making it appealing to the eye. The large hall to the rear of the church was added in 1946 and serves as a meeting place and Sunday school.
The commanding scale and vertical composition of the Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church speak to the fundamental importance of the Lutheran congregation in Lunenburg from its settlement to the present day.
www.rspb.org.uk/discoverandenjoynature/discoverandlearn/b...
Also known as the peewit in imitation of its display calls, its proper name describes its wavering flight. Its black and white appearance and round-winged shape in flight make it distinctive, even without its splendid crest. This familiar farmland bird has suffered significant declines recently and is now an Red List species.
Overview
Latin name
Vanellus vanellus
Family
Plovers and lapwings (Charadriidae)
Where to see them
Lapwings are found on farmland throughout the UK particularly in lowland areas of northern England, the Borders and eastern Scotland. In the breeding season prefer spring sown cereals, root crops, permanent unimproved pasture, meadows and fallow fields. They can also be found on wetlands with short vegetation. In winter they flock on pasture and ploughed fields. The highest known winter concentrations of lapwings are found at the Somerset Levels, Humber and Ribble estuaries, Breydon Water/Berney Marshes, the Wash, and Morecambe Bay.
When to see them
All year round. Leaves upland areas after the breeding season and moves to lowland fields for the winter. Large numbers of N European birds arrive in autumn for the winter.
What they eat
Worms and insects
Population
UK Breeding:- 140,000 pairs
UK Wintering:- 650,000 birds
Breeding
The winter flocks begin to break up in February, when the birds will start to return to their breeding grounds.
The lapwing has a spectacular songflight. The male wobbles, zigzags, rolls and dives while calling to advertise his presence to rival males and potential mates. The birds tend to nest in loose groups. Individual territories are small about 0.4-0.8 ha and are only held until the chicks hatch.
In the breeding season, lapwings need a mosaic of habitats, because they need different conditions for nesting and for chick rearing.
The nest is a scrape in the ground, lined with a variable amount of plant material. The birds need a good all round view from the nest to spot predators, and nest either on bare ground or in short vegetation. They often choose rough or broken ground to aid concealment of the nest. Spring sown crops and rough grazing are ideal.
They lay clutches of four cryptically coloured eggs from late March to early June, and chicks hatch 3-4 weeks later. They are covered in down when they hatch, and are able to walk about and feed within hours.
Soon after hatching, the parents will lead them to suitable feeding areas, where the supply of surface invertebrates is good and the vegetation low. They particularly need to have nearby grassland, especially if it contains flood pools and damp patches.
The transfer between the nesting and chick-rearing habitats can be hazardous, and chick survival often depends on how far they have to travel. The families stay in the chick-rearing habitat until the young are ready to fly at 5-6 weeks old. Lapwings only rear one brood a year, but may lay up to four replacement clutches if the eggs are lost.
Legal status
The lapwing is fully protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981; it an offence to kill, injure or take an adult lapwing, or to take, damage or destroy an active nest or its contents.
The only exception is legitimate farming practices that cannot be reasonably delayed, although farming methods can often be modified to reduce the impact on the lapwings.
Population trends
Lapwing numbers have decreased in Britain since the middle of the 19th century. The early declines were caused by large scale collection of eggs for food. Introduction of the Lapwing Act in 1926 prohibited this, and was followed by a considerable recovery in bird numbers.
Since the 1940s lapwing declines have been driven by large-scale changes to farming. Large areas of grassland were converted to arable, marginal land was drained and improved, and chemicals were introduced for fertilisers and pest control with increasing reliance on them. By 1960 the lapwing population had stabilised at a lower level.
Another sharp and sustained decline started in the mid-1980s, with range contractions in south-west England and in parts of Wales. This followed further intensification and specialisation - abandonment of rotations, switch from spring to autumn sown crops, increased drainage, increased use of agrochemicals. Such changes have resulted in much of the arable land becoming unsuitable for nesting by April because the crop grows too high. Tillage, drainage and pesticides have also caused a reduction in food availability.
As pasture land is improved, the resulting increased risk of trampling by livestock, earlier cutting for silage and lower food availability have affected lapwings adversely. Phasing out of rotational farming and shift of arable to the east of England and pastureland to the west of England has removed the habitat mosaic that is essential for successful chick rearing.
Mosaic where grass and spring tillage fields are close together has declined significantly in recent years, and the loss of this prime habitat has resulted in a decline in lapwing numbers.
Nest failures on arable land come from egg losses during cultivation and from predation, and poor chick survival due to crop growth. Crop growth can also shorten the laying season.
The declines in lapwing population have been greatest in southern England and Wales, where the farming changes have been greatest and farmland is the only suitable habitat for the lapwing. Between 1987 and 1998 lapwing numbers dropped by 49% in England and Wales. Since 1960 the numbers dropped by 80%.
The birds have fared better in Scotland, where the crucial changes to farming were introduced later than in England and Wales. However, even there the numbers have dropped by 29% since 1987.
Lapwings have to fledge at least 0.6 young per pair each year to maintain the population. They usually can achieve this in rough grazing and unimproved pastures, but often not on arable land or improved grassland. Since the birds cannot produce enough chicks to offset the natural mortality of adults, population declines.
It is possible to halt and reverse the decline in lapwing numbers with sympathetic farming methods, which include creation of a mosaic of spring sown crops and grassland, managing grazing pressure and maintaining damp areas on unimproved grassland. Agri-environment schemes in each part of the UK provide grants to help land-owners manage their land to help lapwings.
Survival
Egg survival and hatching success varies depending on the habitat, and appears to have declined in some habitats over the past decade.
Main causes of nest failure are predation, agricultural activity and desertion. While the birds often re-lay, changes in cropping practices often result in the habitat being unsuitable for replacement clutches because the vegetation has grown too tall, thus shortening the potential breeding season.
Only about 25-40% of chicks survive to fledging. Most of the chick mortality occurs in the first few days after hatching, when chicks are most vulnerable to cold or wet weather, and when they may be undertaking hazardous journeys from nesting to feeding areas. The further chicks have to go, the lower their survival.
Once the birds have reached adulthood, they can expect to live a further 4-5 years. The oldest known individual was about 20 years. Lapwings normally breed one year after fledging.
"And describing an arc,
Lighting up the landscape...
..................................................
Casting off golden dew
In gilded columns,
And below, people say:
"It's the disc of the flameblazing sun..."
Golden fountains of fire
Rush down, ringing,
Washing over the cliffs
Like crimson drops
Of crystal..... "
- Andrey Bely, 1904
Excerpt from uwaterloo.ca:
Description of the District
The Durand-Markland Heritage Conservation District runs along Markland Street and includes Park Street and MacNab Street between Markland Street and Herkimer. Chilton Place is also included.
The Durand-Markland Heritage Conservation District is found in the City of Hamilton and consists of 51 residential properties.
Cultural Heritage Value of the District
The Heritage Conservation District Plan describes the heritage character as:
“Although a few residents were built in the 1850s and 1860s, the Durand-Markland study area is characterized by a predominance of late nineteenth century to early twentieth century building construction. There is a range and diversity of structures from small, vernacular worker’s cottages to large classically detailed houses of the upper middle class.
The most prominent architectural styles are nineteenth century Italianate (1850-1900), and Queen Anne (1880-1910), and twentieth century Tudor Revival (1900-1930s) Examples of such architectural styles as Second Empire (1860-1880), Colonial Revival (1900-present), Edwardian Classicism (1900-1930), and four-square (1900-1930) are also represented in the district ”.
It goes on to state:
“The distinctive architectural features of the area are its scale, mass, decorative detailing and building sitting. Remarkably few individual buildings and properties have been extensively altered or subdivided over time due to changing tastes, economics and fashion The overall nineteenth century residential character coupled with a distinctive treeline and canopied streetscapes have generally been retained and occasionally enhanced”.
Designation of the District
The designation of Durand-Markland was initiated by local residents. Unterman McPhail Cumming Associates Heritage Conservation and Planning Consultants and Wendy Shearer Landscape Architect Limited completed the plan in 1994 for the City of Hamilton.
The Durand-Markland Heritage Conservation District is protected by By-law 94-184, which was passed in 1994 by the City of Hamilton.
Described as "probably the oldest and toughest regular event for old cars, motorcycles and light commercials certainly in Britain". The Beamish run is approaching it's 50th year and follows some of the routes used by manufacturers to test the same vehicles when originally built.
....describes what we did today....it was seriously the most fun I have ever had railfanning.....
Im gonna post the entire set after the slide show next Saturday....
Many thanks for your visits, faves and comments. Cheers.
Laughing Kookaburra
Scientific Name: Dacelo novaeguineae
The laughing kookaburra was first described and illustrated (in black and white) by the French naturalist and explorer Pierre Sonnerat in his Voyage a la nouvelle Guinae which was published in 1776. He claimed to have seen the bird in New Guinea. In fact Sonnerat never visited New Guinea and the laughing kookaburra does not occur there. He probably obtained a preserved specimen from one of the naturalists who accompanied Captain James Cook to the east coast of Australia. Edme-Louis Daubenton and Francois-Nicolas Martinet included a coloured plate of the laughing kookaburra based on Sonnerat's specimen in their Planches enluminates d'histoire naturelle. The plate has the legend in French "Martin-pecheur, de la Nouvelle Guinae" (Kingfisher from New Guinea). In 1783 the French naturalist Johann Hermann provided a formal description of the species based the coloured plate by Daubenton and Martinet. He gave it the scientific name Alcedo nova Guinea. The current genus Dacelo was introduced in 1815 by the English zoologist William Elford Leach, and is an anagram of Alcedo, the Latin word for a kingfisher. The specific name novaeguineae combines the Latin novus for new with Guinea, based on the erroneous belief that the specimen had originated from New Guinea. For many years it was believed that the earliest description was by the Dutch naturalist Pieter Boddaert and his scientific name Dacelo gigas was used in the scientific literature but in 1926 the Australian ornithologist Gregory Mathews showed that a description by Hermann had been published earlier in the same year, 1783, and thus had precedence. In the 19th century this species was commonly called the "laughing jackass", a name first recorded (as Laughing Jack-Ass) in An Account of the English Colony in New South Wales by David Collins which was published in 1798. In 1858 the ornithologist John Gould used "great brown kingfisher", a name that had been coined by John Latham in 1782. Another popular name was "laughing kingfisher". The name in several Australian indigenous languages were listed by European authors including Go-gan-ne-gine by Collins in 1878, Cuck'anda by Rena Lesson in 1828 and Gogera or Gogobera by George Bennett in 1834. In the early years of the 20th century "kookaburra" was included as an alternative name in ornithological publications but it was not until 1926 in the second edition of the Official Checklist of Birds of Australia that the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union officially adopted the name "laughing kookaburra". The name comes from Wiradhuri, an Aboriginal language now effectively extinct.
Description: The Laughing Kookaburra is instantly recognisable in both plumage and voice. It is generally off-white below, faintly barred with dark brown, and brown on the back and wings. The tail is more rufous, broadly barred with black. There is a conspicuous dark brown eye-stripe through the face. It is one of the larger members of the kingfisher family.
Similar species: Identification may only be confused where the Laughing Kookaburra's range overlaps that of the Blue-winged Kookaburra, Dacelo leachii, in eastern Queensland. The call of the Blue-winged Kookaburra is coarser than that of the Laughing Kookaburra, and ends somewhat abruptly. The Blue-winged Kookaburra lacks the brown eye-stripe, has a blue tail and a large amount of blue in the wing, and has a pale eye.
Distribution: Laughing Kookaburras are found throughout eastern Australia. They have been introduced to Tasmania, the extreme south-west of Western Australia, and New Zealand. Replaced by the Blue-winged Kookaburra in central northern and north-western Australia, with some overlap in Queensland, although this species is more coastal.
Habitat: The Laughing Kookaburra inhabits most areas where there are suitable trees.
Feeding: Laughing Kookaburras feed mostly on insects, worms and crustaceans, although small snakes, mammals, frogs and birds may also be eaten. Prey is seized by pouncing from a suitable perch. Small prey is eaten whole, but larger prey is killed by bashing it against the ground or tree branch.
Breeding: Laughing Kookaburras are believed to pair for life. The nest is a bare chamber in a naturally occurring tree hollow or in a burrow excavated in an arboreal (tree-dwelling) termite mound. Both sexes share the incubation duties and both care for the young. Other Laughing Kookaburras, usually offspring of the previous one to two years, act as 'helpers' during the breeding season. Every bird in the group shares all parenting duties.
Calls: The chuckling voice that gives this species its name is a common and familiar sound throughout the bird's range. The loud 'koo-koo-koo-koo-koo-kaa-kaa-kaa' is often sung in a chorus with other individuals. The Laughing Kookaburra also has a shorter 'koooa The Laughing Kookaburra is not really laughing when it makes its familiar call. The cackle of the Laughing Kookaburra is actually a territorial call to warn other birds to stay away.
Minimum Size: 40cm
Maximum Size: 45cm
Average size: 42cm
Average weight: 340g
Breeding season: August to January
(Sources: www.birdsinbackyards.net and Wikipedia)
© Chris Burns 2019
__________________________________________
All rights reserved.
This image may not be copied, reproduced, distributed, republished, downloaded, displayed, posted or transmitted in any form or by any means, including electronic, mechanical, photocopying and recording without my written consent.
The National Churches Trust describes St Mary's in Potterne as a “an Early English church of exceptional purity and austerity.”
A priest, and land held by the Bishop of Salisbury, was recorded at Potterne in Domesday Book of 1086, and in Victorian times, a 10th Century font was found on the site of the present day Church of England parish church of St Mary. It was built in the 13th century and has survived with little change, beyond work to the tower in the 15th century and restoration by Ewan Christian. Pevsner describes it as, “An Early English parish church of exceptional purity and indeed classicity” and linked this to the Bishops’ ownership of the manor.
The church is cruciform, with a substantial tower over the crossing, and original lancet windows. It is built of rubble stone, with ashlar to the upper tower. The south porch was added in the 14th century, and in the 15th the tower was made higher and given an elaborate battlement. Restoration in 1870–2 included re-roofing and the removal of galleries, and the stained glass is from various dates in that century.
From the 11th century, the church had been linked to All Saints at West Lavington as tithes from both churches endowed a prebendary at Salisbury Cathedral. From 1967 the benefice was held in plurality with Worton and since 2017 the parish has been part of the Wellsprings benefice, which extends to Seend, Bulkington and Poulshot.
Potterne is a village with a population of 1,544 (2021), 2 miles/3 km south of the Wiltshire market town of Devizes.
This description incorporates text from the English Wikipedia.
The title pretty well describes the photo. I picked our first few blueberries (Vaccinium) yesterday, from bushes given us years ago by friends. We ate some on our breakfast cereal. It had rained the night before. The focus looks pretty good here, but it's not quite so clear at the larger sizes. This is straight out of the camera -- no processing except a crop. Isn't God a great artist?
There are more photos of blueberries, including flowers, leaves, and some food, in the Blueberries set that this photo belongs to.
The blueberry fruit on the left was almost ripe. The one behind it, and the two on the right, are less ripe. You can clearly see the sepals, left over from the flower, on these fruits.
There are wild blueberries that grow in Upstate South Carolina, but these aren't wild.
For more photos, from other people, of blueberry fruit, leaves, and flowers, see my blueberries gallery.
Described as 'the most interesting butterfly in the world' by the British entomologist E. B. Poulton on account of the females mastery of mimicry. Females are found in at least fourteen different morphs which mimic the colours and patterns of other butterflies which are poisonous or distasteful to predators. The males meanwhile are of a more uniform appearance.
Also known as the White Handkerchief they are found throughout Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar, this male sighted roosting in Kibale Forest, Uganda.
Described as "one of the most ambitious parish churches in Somerset", the present Church of St John the Baptist in Glastonbury dates from the 15th century. According to legend, the original church was built by Saint Dunstan in the 10th century.
The church conforms to a style of architecture known as Perpendicular Gothic. It is built of Doulting stone, Street stone and the local Tor burr, and is laid out in a cruciform plan.
let me describe the scene for you..we are sitting under a huge canopy of Oaks... sheltering us from the late afternoon sun ...luckily we have found a seat almost on the waters edge..the back river of Tybee Island and we are waiting to order our meal..nothing but the occasional sound of the seagulls overhead and the faint muffled voices of the fishermen in the shrimp boats docked just off of the pier in this scene..life is beautiful here in the South! Today 84 degrees tomorrow 42!!!! CRAZY!!
Küsten-Freuden ..
Lassen Sie mich die Szene beschreiben für euch .. wir sitzen unter einem riesigen Blätterdach der Eichen ... sie schützen uns von der Nachmittag Sonne ... zum Glück haben wir einen Sitz fast am Wasser gefunden .. an den HinterFluss von Tybee Insel und wir warten auf unsers Essen zu bestellen .. nur das gelegentliche Geräusch der Möwen in der Luft und die schwache gedämpften Stimmen der Fischer in den Garneleboote angedockt direkt an den Pier in dieser Szene .. Leben ist schön hier im Süden ! Heute 29 Grad morgen 6... !!!! VERRÜCKT !!
Dirleton was described as a "castellum" c. 1225. Its principal structures were built by the de Vaux, an Anglo-Norman family granted the barony of Dirleton in the 12th century. In 1298, however, the castle was taken by Edward I.
There are three main periods of construction. Most recent are the 16th century additions of the Ruthvens enclosing the inner court or close at the SW corner. During the preceding two centuries, 14th and 15th, the Halyburtons had raised most of the E block including: cellars, bakery, kitchens and chapel. Below the chapel is a prison and a pit-prison hewn out of the natural rock. The imposing main entrance and drawbridge also date to this period.
Off the triangular inner court a semi-circular and a rectangular tower both project outwards; also the principal 'drum' tower of well-dressed masonry, with 3m thick walls to an overall diameter of some 11m. At first-floor level it contains the roughly hexagonal Lord's Chamber, with stone seats - three of them in window openings.
The St Kilda Botanical Gardens are a very beautiful place to visit, not least for all for their wonderful array of roses found in the Alister Clarke Rose Garden.
"Best Friend" is a variety of hybrid tea rose created by the famous French rose breeders Meilland International Roses. Described as stylish, classic rose of great beauty and richness, "Best Friend" has vibrant blooms of deep, hot plum pink. Being a hybrid tea rose they have a strong sweet perfume. "Best Friend" was named by the RSPCA to honour the unconditional special friendship that comes from loving a pet.
The site of the St Kilda Botanical Gardens were established in the 1800's. The municipal council petitioned the Department of Lands and Survey to make this segment of land bordered by Dickens Street, Tennyson Street and Blessington Street a Botanic Garden. The gardens were formally established in 1859 when a boundary fence was erected. By 1907 significant donations of money and plant material had led to the establishment of a rosary, extensive flower beds and a nursery. Exotic forest trees were planted during the 1870s and Australian species were included in 1932. In the 1950s the Alister Clarke Rose Garden was established and a Sub-Tropical Rain-forest conservatory added in the early 1990's.
“THE WET” AND “THE DRY” IN THE NORTHERN AUSTRALIAN TROPICS
The Northern Tropics of Australia in the Darwin region are described as having only 2 seasons – the “wet season” (or simply “The Wet”) (broadly November to April) and the “dry season” (or simply “The Dry”) (May to October). There is no local designation of Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter, although it should be noted that some ancient local indigenous calendars describe up to 8 seasons, categorised by not only weather but also flowering and fruiting of edible plants, appearance of migratory animals as food sources, river heights, etc.
While Europeans settled Darwin in the 1860s, indigenous Australians have occupied the area for at between 40,000 and 60,000 years.
In broad terms, the main differences between the Wet and the Dry relate to humidity levels, prevailing wind direction, and (as the names imply) rain, or the absence of rain.
Darwin has no frost, no snow and no hail.
Darwin is also largely flat and unelevated, with few locations exceeding 30 metres above sea level.
Darwin is located 12 degrees south of the equator, in the middle of the cyclone belt.
THE WET – NOVEMBER TO APRIL
During the Wet, temperatures range from a minimum of 27 – 28C overnight (sometimes not dropping below 30C) and 34 – 36C during the day. Humidity levels are in the range of 75 – 95%.
The prevailing monsoon wind direction is from the North West (i.e. from the Timor Sea), except during the frequent storms, which normally come from the South East.
Cyclones (the local name for a typhoon or hurricane) also form during the Wet as part of monsoon trough activity. The wind from a cyclone can come from any direction, depending on the relationship between the cyclone’s eye and the observer’s position.
Rainfall during the Wet approaches 2,000 mm; with the record for a 6 month Wet season period being 3,000 mm.
Sea temperature during the Wet is around 32C.
Towards the end of the wet season there are almost daily storms with strong winds from the south-east, generally late in the late afternoon. These storms are called “knock-em-downs” as they flatten the 2 metre tall native spear grass which covers all uncleared areas. The spear grass will eventually die off and a large proportion of it will burn in dry season grass fires. The spear grass seeds are a staple diet of many finches and parrots. The spear grass re-germinates when the first storms arrive in October or November.
THE DRY – MAY TO OCTOBER
During the Dry, temperatures range from a typical minimum of 20 - 21C overnight (on rare occasions dropping to 16C) and 30 -31C during the day. Humidity levels are in the range of 10 - 30%.
The prevailing wind direction is from the South East (i.e. from the direction of the Great Australian Desert); with an occasional light North West sea breeze rising in the late afternoon.
There is virtually no rain between April and October.
Because of the absence of rain, a high bushfire danger exists throughout the area during the Dry, with the highest risk occurring in August and September, before the next Wet season storms occur. During these months, the humidity is very low and the South East winds are at their strongest – up to 30 knots (around 55 km/hr).
Bushfire smoke blows out to sea and causes spectacular sunset effects.
One of -- no, that doesn't adequately describe it.
THIS IS without a doubt, the absolutely most stunning spectacle I've ever had the pleasure to lay my eyes on upon during my six plus decades on this earth.
The South Sawyer Glacier at the end of Tracy Arm Fjord, (named for Secretary of the Navy Benjamin Tracy who served during the administration of Benjamin Harrison from 1889-1893) is about 50 miles south of the most unique state capital in the US, Juneau, Alaska, which is only accessible by sea and air.
To call it this excursion amazing is the understatement of all understatements.
On our journey we saw playful young orcas and humpbacks breaching, black bears and mountain goats foraging for food on the rocky cliffs, harbor seals lounging on the ice floes, various bird species including eagles, countless 1000-foot waterfalls emptying into the turquoise waters of the fjord, jaw-dropping mountains covered by clouds and ancient glaciers, innumerable sculptured icebergs, and the glacier itself, the beauty of which, is beyond compare.
Alaska truly is "The Last Frontier."
In this photo, you can see maybe a tenth of the entire glacier, which is about a half mile wide. The rest is around the bend, which we saw by navigating slowly through the icefield.
I was fortunate to capture the tour boat in the foreground for scale, because it just gives you a sense of just how immense this glacier is.
There are more famous glaciers in Alaska including the Mendenhall, which is just a quick 12-mile jaunt from Juneau, and thusly, much more crowded, but the trip to this one was well worth the extra time it took to get here.
The larger cruise ships aren't able to get as close to this glacier because of the floating ice which ranges from hand-sized to pieces to those that dwarf the vessel in front of us.
On our trip, a crew member took a long net and hauled in a small chunk of floating iceberg -- which the passengers got to hold -- and later sample in the delicious "Glacieritas" upon which we toasted our good fortune on the trip back to Juneau.
Highest position on Explore: 32 on Sunday, September 1, 2019
Thank you for all your comments and faves!
Described as an "artistic little theater", the building was commissioned by John Stansel Taylor. Construction began December 1920, with the theatre opening three months later. it was advertised as having the best natural acoustics in the southeastern US.
In 2013, the City of Clearwater launched an elaborate $11 million restoration of the theater as part of a broader downtown revitalization. The theater reopened in 2014 to much acclaim and financial success.
Described as the "yellowest" thornbill, it is richer in colour on the coast and paler inland.
This one was captured inland in the Wimmera Mallee District of Donald, Victoria.
Sky processed, as described on 'Golden Crops'. I'll copy it, so you won't have to search:
Technique/Processing
To get a sky like this, you have to duplicate your photo, convert the new layer to b/w (should be very contrasty, so that the blues of the sky are black and the clouds are white, without losing detail), set it to soft light blending mode and then apply a layer mask, so that it only has effect on the sky. I'd also recommend dialing down the opacity to ~50%, because the effect can get too strong.
Colors are simple cross processing with Nik CFX. Can also be done with an action like urban acid.
Black holes are often described as the monsters of the universe—tearing apart stars, consuming anything that comes too close, and holding light captive. Detailed evidence from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, however, shows a black hole in a new light: fostering, rather than suppressing, star formation. Hubble imaging and spectroscopy of the dwarf starburst galaxy Henize 2-10 clearly show a gas outflow stretching from the black hole to a bright star birth region like an umbilical cord, triggering the already dense cloud into forming clusters of stars. Astronomers have previously debated that a dwarf galaxy could have a black hole analogous to the supermassive black holes in larger galaxies. Further study of dwarf galaxies, which have remained small over cosmic time, may shed light on the question of how the first seeds of supermassive black holes formed and evolved over the history of the universe.
This dwarf starburst galaxy Henize 2-10 sparkles with young stars in this Hubble visible-light image. The bright region at the center, surrounded by pink clouds and dark dust lanes, indicates the location of the galaxy's massive black hole and active stellar nurseries.
Credits: NASA, ESA, Z. Schutte (XGI), A. Reines (XGI), A. Pagan (STScI); CC BY 4.0
Twenty-three subspecies are recognized:[3]
Indian black-naped blue monarch (H. a. styani) - (Hartlaub, 1899): Originally described as a separate species in the genus Ficedula, found from India and Nepal to southeast China and Vietnam. The abdomen is whitish in males.
H. a. oberholseri - Stresemann, 1913: Found in Taiwan
H. a. ceylonensis - Sharpe, 1879: Originally described as a separate species, found in Sri Lanka. The males lack the black necklace.
Andamanen black-naped blue monarch (H. a. tytleri) - (Beavan, 1867): Originally described as a separate species in the genus Myiagra. Found in the Andaman Islands. The abdomen of males is blue.
H. a. idiochroa - Oberholser, 1911: Found on Car Nicobar (northern Nicobar Islands). The abdomen of males is white tinged with blue.
H. a. nicobarica - Bianchi, 1907: Found on southern Nicobar Islands. The abdomen of males is white tinged with blue.
H. a. montana - Riley, 1929: Found in northern and central Thailand
H. a. galerita - (Deignan, 1956), 1929: Found in southwest and southeast Thailand
H. a. forrestia - Oberholser, 1911: Found in Mergui Archipelago (off western Myanmar)
H. a. prophata - Oberholser, 1911: Found on Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Borneo
H. a. javana - Chasen & Kloss, 1929: Found on Java and Bali (Indonesia)
H. a. penidae - Meise, 1942: Found on Nusa Penida (near Bali in the Lesser Sundas)
H. a. karimatensis - Chasen & Kloss, 1932: Found on Karimata Island (off western Borneo)
H. a. opisthocyanea - Oberholser, 1911: Found on Anambas Islands (in the South China Sea)
H. a. gigantoptera - Oberholser, 1911: Found on Natuna Besar (Natuna Islands, South China Sea)
H. a. consobrina - Richmond, 1902: Originally described as a separate species, found on Simeulue (off north-western Sumatra)
H. a. leucophila - Oberholser, 1911: Found on Siberut (off western Sumatra)
H. a. richmondi - Oberholser, 1911: Found on Enggano Island (off south-western Sumatra)
H. a. abbotti - Richmond, 1902: Originally described as a separate species, found on Reusam and Babi Islands (off north-western Sumatra)
H. a. symmixta - Stresemann, 1913: Found on western and central Lesser Sundas
Philippine black-naped monarch (H. a. azurea) - (Boddaert, 1783): Also known as the black-capped monarch and Philippine black-naped blue monarch. Found in Philippines (except Camiguin Sur Island)
H. a. aeria - Bangs & Peters, JL, 1927: Originally described as a separate species, found on Maratua Island (off eastern Borneo)
H. a. catarmanensis - Rand & Rabor, 1969: Found on Camiguin Sur Island (southern Philippines)