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The Great Patriotic War (Russian: Вели́кая Оте́чественная война́, romanized: Velikaja Otečestvennaja vojna) is a term used in Russia and some other former republics of the Soviet Union to describe the conflict fought during the period from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945 along the many fronts of the Eastern Front of World War II, primarily between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany. For some legal purposes, this period may be extended to 11 May 1945 to include the end of the Prague offensive.
History
The term Patriotic War refers to the Russian resistance to the French invasion of Russia under Napoleon I, which became known as the Patriotic War of 1812. In Russian, the term отечественная война originally referred to a war on one's own territory (otechestvo means "the fatherland"), as opposed to a campaign abroad (заграничная война), and later was reinterpreted as a war for the fatherland, i.e. a defensive war for one's homeland. Sometimes the Patriotic War of 1812 was also referred to as the Great Patriotic War (Великая отечественная война); the phrase first appeared in 1844 and became popular on the eve of the centenary of the Patriotic War of 1812.
After 1914, the phrase was applied to World War I. It was the name of a special war-time appendix to the magazine Theater and Life (Театр и жизнь) in Saint Petersburg, and referred to the Eastern Front of World War I, where Russia fought against the German Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The phrases Second Patriotic War (Вторая отечественная война) and Great World Patriotic War (Великая всемирная отечественная война) were also used during World War I in Russia.
The term Great Patriotic War re-appeared in the official newspaper of the CPSU, Pravda, on 23 June 1941, just a day after Germany invaded the Soviet Union. It was found in the title of "The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet People" (Velikaya Otechestvennaya Voyna Sovetskogo Naroda), a long article by Yemelyan Yaroslavsky, a member of Pravda editors' collegium. The phrase was intended to motivate the population to defend the Soviet fatherland and to expel the invader, and a reference to the Patriotic War of 1812 was seen as a great morale booster. During the Soviet period, historians engaged in huge distortions to make history fit with Communist ideology, with Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov and Prince Pyotr Bagration transformed into peasant generals, Alexander I alternatively ignored or vilified, and the war becoming a massive "People's War" fought by the ordinary people of Russia with almost no involvement on the part of the government. The invasion by Germany was called the Great Patriotic War by the Soviet government to evoke comparisons with the victory by Tsar Alexander I over Napoleon's invading army.
The term Отечественная война (Patriotic War or Fatherland War) was officially recognized by establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War on 20 May 1942, awarded for heroic deeds.
The term is not generally used outside the former Soviet Union, and the closest term is the Eastern Front of World War II (1941–1945). Neither term covers the initial phase of World War II in Eastern Europe, during which the USSR, then still in a non-aggression pact with Germany, invaded eastern Poland (1939), the Baltic states (1940), Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina (1940) and Finland (1939–1940). The term also does not cover the Soviet–Japanese War (1945) nor the Battles of Khalkhin Gol (1939).
In Russia and some other post-Soviet countries, the term is given great significance; it is accepted as a representation of the most important part of World War II. Until 2014, Uzbekistan was the only nation in the Commonwealth of Independent States that had not recognized the term, referring to it as World War II on the state holiday - the Day of Remembrance and Honour.
On 9 April 2015, the Ukrainian parliament replaced the term Great Patriotic War (1941–1945) (Velyka vitchyzniana viina) in the country's law with the "Second World War (1939–1945)" (Druha svitova viina), as part of a set of decommunization laws. Also in 2015, Ukraine's "Victory Day over Nazism in World War II" was established as a national holiday in accordance with the law of "On Perpetuation of Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939–1945". The new holiday was celebrated on May 9 and replaced the Soviet-Russian Victory Day, which is celebrated on May 9. These laws were adopted by the Ukrainian parliament within the package of laws on decommunization. In 2023 Ukraine abolished the 2015 9 May "Victory Day over Nazism" holiday and replaced it with the new public holiday "Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939 – 1945" which is celebrated on 8 May annually.
Voronezh is a city and the administrative centre of Voronezh Oblast in southwestern Russia straddling the Voronezh River, located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from where it flows into the Don River. The city sits on the Southeastern Railway, which connects western Russia with the Urals and Siberia, the Caucasus and Ukraine, and the M4 highway (Moscow–Voronezh–Rostov-on-Don–Novorossiysk). In recent years the city has experienced rapid population growth, rising in 2021 to 1,057,681, up from 889,680 recorded in the 2010 Census, making it the 14th-most populous city in the country.
History
The first chronicle references to the word "Voronezh" are dated 1177, when the Ryazan prince Yaropolk, having lost the battle, fled "to Voronozh" and there was moving "from town to town". Modern data of archeology and history interpret Voronezh as a geographical region, which included the Voronezh river (tributary of the Don) and a number of settlements. In the lower reaches of the river, a unique Slavic town-planning complex of the 8th – early 11th century was discovered, which covered the territory of the present city of Voronezh and its environs (about 42 km long, about 13 forts and many unfortified villages). By the 12th – 13th centuries, most of the old towns were desolate, but new settlements appeared upstream, closer to Ryazan.
For many years, the hypothesis of the Soviet historian Vladimir Zagorovsky dominated: he produced the toponym "Voronezh" from the hypothetical Slavic personal name Voroneg. This man allegedly gave the name of a small town in the Chernigov Principality (now the village of Voronezh in Ukraine). Later, in the 11th or 12th century, the settlers were able to "transfer" this name to the Don region, where they named the second city Voronezh, and the river got its name from the city. However, now many researchers criticize the hypothesis, since in reality neither the name of Voroneg nor the second city was revealed, and usually the names of Russian cities repeated the names of the rivers, but not vice versa.
The linguistic comparative analysis of the name "Voronezh" was carried out by the Khovansky Foundation in 2009. There is an indication of the place names of many countries in Eurasia, which may partly be not only similar in sound, but also united by common Indo-European languages: Varanasi, Varna, Verona, Brno, etc.
A comprehensive scientific analysis was conducted in 2015–2016 by the historian Pavel Popov. His conclusion: "Voronezh" is a probable Slavic macrotoponym associated with outstanding signs of nature, has a root voron- (from the proto-Slavic vorn) in the meaning of "black, dark" and the suffix -ezh (-azh, -ozh). It was not “transferred” and in the 8th - 9th centuries it marked a vast territory covered with black forests (oak forests) - from the mouth of the Voronezh river to the Voronozhsky annalistic forests in the middle and upper reaches of the river, and in the west to the Don (many forests were cut down). The historian believes that the main "city" of the early town-planning complex could repeat the name of the region – Voronezh. Now the hillfort is located in the administrative part of the modern city, in the Voronezh upland oak forest. This is one of Europe's largest ancient Slavic hillforts, the area of which – more than 9 hectares – 13 times the area of the main settlement in Kyiv before the baptism of Rus.
In it is assumed that the word "Voronezh" means bluing - a technique to increase the corrosion resistance of iron products. This explanation fits well with the proximity to the ancient city of Voronezh of a large iron deposit and the city of Stary Oskol.
Folk etymology claims the name comes from combining the Russian words for raven (ворон) and hedgehog (еж) into Воронеж. According to this explanation two Slavic tribes named after the animals used this combination to name the river which later in turn provided the name for a settlement. There is not believed to be any scientific support for this explanation.
In the 16th century, the Middle Don basin, including the Voronezh river, was gradually conquered by Muscovy from the Nogai Horde (a successor state of the Golden Horde), and the current city of Voronezh was established in 1585 by Feodor I as a fort protecting the Muravsky Trail trade route against the slave raids of the Nogai and Crimean Tatars. The city was named after the river.
17th to 19th centuries
In the 17th century, Voronezh gradually evolved into a sizable town. Weronecz is shown on the Worona river in Resania in Joan Blaeu's map of 1645. Peter the Great built a dockyard in Voronezh where the Azov Flotilla was constructed for the Azov campaigns in 1695 and 1696. This fleet, the first ever built in Russia, included the first Russian ship of the line, Goto Predestinatsia. The Orthodox diocese of Voronezh was instituted in 1682 and its first bishop, Mitrofan of Voronezh, was later proclaimed the town's patron saint.
Owing to the Voronezh Admiralty Wharf, for a short time, Voronezh became the largest city of South Russia and the economic center of a large and fertile region. In 1711, it was made the seat of the Azov Governorate, which eventually morphed into the Voronezh Governorate.
In the 19th century, Voronezh was a center of the Central Black Earth Region. Manufacturing industry (mills, tallow-melting, butter-making, soap, leather, and other works) as well as bread, cattle, suet, and the hair trade developed in the town. A railway connected Voronezh with Moscow in 1868 and Rostov-on-Don in 1871.
20th century
World War II
During World War II, Voronezh was the scene of fierce fighting between Soviet and combined Axis troops. The Germans used it as a staging area for their attack on Stalingrad, and made it a key crossing point on the Don River. In June 1941, two BM-13 (Fighting machine #13 Katyusha) artillery installations were built at the Voronezh excavator factory. In July, the construction of Katyushas was rationalized so that their manufacture became easier and the time of volley repetition was shortened from five minutes to fifteen seconds. More than 300 BM-13 units manufactured in Voronezh were used in a counterattack near Moscow in December 1941. In October 22, 1941, the advance of the German troops prompted the establishment of a defense committee in the city. On November 7, 1941, there was a troop parade, devoted to the anniversary of the October Revolution. Only three such parades were organized that year: in Moscow, Kuybyshev, and Voronezh. In late June 1942, the city was attacked by German and Hungarian forces. In response, Soviet forces formed the Voronezh Front. By July 6, the German army occupied the western river-bank suburbs before being subjected to a fierce Soviet counter-attack. By July 24 the frontline had stabilised along the Voronezh River as the German forces continued southeast into the Great Bend of the Don. The attack on Voronezh represented the first phase of the German Army's 1942 campaign in the Soviet Union, codenamed Case Blue.
Until January 25, 1943, parts of the Second German Army and the Second Hungarian Army occupied the western part of Voronezh. During Operation Little Saturn, the Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh Offensive, and the Voronezhsko-Kastornenskoy Offensive, the Voronezh Front exacted heavy casualties on Axis forces. On January 25, 1943, Voronezh was liberated after ten days of combat. During the war the city was almost completely ruined, with 92% of all buildings destroyed.
Post-war
By 1950, Voronezh had been rebuilt. Most buildings and historical monuments were repaired. It was also the location of a prestigious Suvorov Military School, a boarding school for young boys who were considered to be prospective military officers, many of whom had been orphaned by war.
In 1950–1960, new factories were established: a tire factory, a machine-tool factory, a factory of heavy mechanical pressing, and others. In 1968, Serial production of the Tupolev Tu-144 supersonic plane was established at the Voronezh Aviation factory. In October 1977, the first Soviet domestic wide-body plane, Ilyushin Il-86, was built there.
In 1989, TASS published details of an alleged UFO landing in the city's park and purported encounters with extraterrestrial beings reported by a number of children. A Russian scientist that was cited in initial TASS reports later told the Associated Press that he was misquoted, cautioning, "Don't believe all you hear from TASS," and "We never gave them part of what they published", and a TASS correspondent admitted the possibility that some "make-believe" had been added to the TASS story, saying, "I think there is a certain portion of truth, but it is not excluded that there is also fantasizing".
21st century
From 10 to 17 September 2011, Voronezh celebrated its 425th anniversary. The anniversary of the city was given the status of a federal scale celebration that helped attract large investments from the federal and regional budgets for development.
On December 17, 2012, Voronezh became the fifteenth city in Russia with a population of over one million people.
Today Voronezh is the economic, industrial, cultural, and scientific center of the Central Black Earth Region. As part of the annual tradition in the Russian city of Voronezh, every winter the main city square is thematically drawn around a classic literature. In 2020, the city was decorated using the motifs from Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker. In the year of 2021, the architects drew inspiration from Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale The Snow Queen as well as the animation classic The Snow Queen from the Soviet Union. The fairy tale replica city will feature the houses of Kai and Gerda, the palace of the snow queen, an ice rink, and illumination.
In June 2023, during the Wagner Group rebellion, forces of the Wagner Group claimed to have taken control of military facilities in the city. Later they were confirmed to have taken the city itself.
Administrative and municipal status
Voronezh is the administrative center of the oblast.[1] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Voronezh Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban okrug status.
City divisions
The city is divided into six administrative districts:
Zheleznodorozhny (183,17 km²)
Tsentralny (63,96 km²)
Kominternovsky (47,41 km²)
Leninsky (18,53 km²)
Sovetsky (156,6 km²)
Levoberezhny (123,89 km²)
Economy
The leading sectors of the urban economy in the 20th century were mechanical engineering, metalworking, the electronics industry and the food industry.
In the city are such companies as:
Tupolev Tu-144
Voronezhselmash (agricultural engineering)
Sozvezdie[36] (headquarter, JSC Concern “Sozvezdie”, in 1958 the world's first created mobile telephony and wireless telephone Altai
Verofarm (pharmaceutics, owner Abbott Laboratories),
Voronezh Mechanical Plant[37] (production of missile and aircraft engines, oil and gas equipment)
Mining Machinery Holding - RUDGORMASH[38] (production of drilling, mineral processing and mining equipment)
VNiiPM Research Institute of Semiconductor Engineering (equipment for plasma-chemical processes, technical-chemical equipment for liquid operations, water treatment equipment)
KBKhA Chemical Automatics Design Bureau with notable products:.
Pirelli Voronezh.
On the territory of the city district government Maslovka Voronezh region with the support of the Investment Fund of Russia, is implementing a project to create an industrial park, "Maslowski", to accommodate more than 100 new businesses, including the transformer factory of Siemens. On September 7, 2011 in Voronezh there opened a Global network operation center of Nokia Siemens Networks, which was the fifth in the world and the first in Russia.
Construction
In 2014, 926,000 square meters of housing was delivered.
Clusters of Voronezh
In clusters of tax incentives and different preferences, the full support of the authorities. A cluster of Oil and Gas Equipment, Radio-electronic cluster, Furniture cluster, IT cluster, Cluster aircraft, Cluster Electromechanics, Transport and logistics cluster, Cluster building materials and technologies.
Geography
Urban layout
Information about the original urban layout of Voronezh is contained in the "Patrol Book" of 1615. At that time, the city fortress was logged and located on the banks of the Voronezh River. In plan, it was an irregular quadrangle with a perimeter of about 238 meter. inside it, due to lack of space, there was no housing or siege yards, and even the cathedral church was supposed to be taken out. However, at this small fortress there was a large garrison - 666 households of service people. These courtyards were reliably protected by the second line of fortifications by a standing prison on taras with 25 towers covered with earth; behind the prison was a moat, and beyond the moat there were stakes. Voronezh was a typical military settlement (ostrog). In the city prison there were only settlements of military men: Streletskaya, Kazachya, Belomestnaya atamanskaya, Zatinnaya and Pushkarskaya. The posad population received the territory between the ostrog and the river, where the Monastyrskaya settlements (at the Assumption Monastery) was formed. Subsequently, the Yamnaya Sloboda was added to them, and on the other side of the fort, on the Chizhovka Mountain, the Chizhovskaya Sloboda of archers and Cossacks appeared. As a result, the Voronezh settlements surrounded the fortress in a ring. The location of the parish churches emphasized this ring-like and even distribution of settlements: the Ilyinsky Church of the Streletskaya Sloboda, the Pyatnitskaya Cossack and Pokrovskaya Belomestnaya were brought out to the passage towers of the prison. The Nikolskaya Church of the Streletskaya Sloboda was located near the marketplace (and, accordingly, the front facade of the fortress), and the paired ensemble of the Rozhdestvenskaya and Georgievskaya churches of the Cossack Sloboda marked the main street of the city, going from the Cossack Gate to the fortress tower.
Climate
Voronezh experiences a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb) with long, cold winters and short, warm summers.
Transportation
Air
The city is served by the Voronezh International Airport, which is located north of the city and is home to Polet Airlines. Voronezh is also home to the Pridacha Airport, a part of a major aircraft manufacturing facility VASO (Voronezhskoye Aktsionernoye Samoletostroitelnoye Obshchestvo, Voronezh aircraft production association) where the Tupolev Tu-144 (known in the West as the "Concordski"), was built and the only operational unit is still stored. Voronezh also hosts the Voronezh Malshevo air force base in the southwest of the city, which, according to a Natural Resources Defense Council report, houses nuclear bombers.[citation needed]
Rail
Since 1868, there is a railway connection between Voronezh and Moscow. Rail services form a part of the South Eastern Railway of the Russian Railways. Destinations served direct from Voronezh include Moscow, Kyiv, Kursk, Novorossiysk, Sochi, and Tambov. The main train station is called Voronezh-1 railway station and is located in the center of the city.
Bus
There are three bus stations in Voronezh that connect the city with destinations including Moscow, Belgorod, Lipetsk, Volgograd, Rostov-on-Don, and Astrakhan.
Education and culture
Aviastroiteley Park
The city has seven theaters, twelve museums, a number of movie theaters, a philharmonic hall, and a circus. It is also a major center of higher education in central Russia. The main educational facilities include:
Voronezh State University
Voronezh State Technical University
Voronezh State University of Architecture and Construction
Voronezh State Pedagogical University
Voronezh State Agricultural University
Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies
Voronezh State Medical University named after N. N. Burdenko
Voronezh State Academy of Arts
Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov
Voronezh State Institute of Physical Training
Voronezh Institute of Russia's Home Affairs Ministry
Voronezh Institute of High Technologies
Military Educational and Scientific Center of the Air Force «N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy» (Voronezh)
Plekhanov Russian University of Economics (Voronezh branch)
Russian State University of Justice
Admiral Makarov State University of Sea and River Fleet (Voronezh branch)
International Institute of Computer Technologies
Voronezh Institute of Economics and Law
and a number of other affiliate and private-funded institutes and universities. There are 2000 schools within the city.
Theaters
Voronezh Chamber Theatre
Koltsov Academic Drama Theater
Voronezh State Opera and Ballet Theatre
Shut Puppet Theater
Festivals
Platonov International Arts Festival
Sports
ClubSportFoundedCurrent LeagueLeague
RankStadium
Fakel VoronezhFootball1947Russian Premier League1stTsentralnyi Profsoyuz Stadion
Energy VoronezhFootball1989Women's Premier League1stRudgormash Stadium
Buran VoronezhIce Hockey1977Higher Hockey League2ndYubileyny Sports Palace
VC VoronezhVolleyball2006Women's Higher Volleyball League A2ndKristall Sports Complex
Religion
Annunciation Orthodox Cathedral in Voronezh
Orthodox Christianity is the predominant religion in Voronezh.[citation needed] There is an Orthodox Jewish community in Voronezh, with a synagogue located on Stankevicha Street.
In 1682, the Voronezh diocese was formed to fight the schismatics. Its first head was Bishop Mitrofan (1623-1703) at the age of 58. Under him, the construction began on the new Annunciation Cathedral to replace the old one. In 1832, Mitrofan was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church.
In the 1990s, many Orthodox churches were returned to the diocese. Their restoration was continued. In 2009, instead of the lost one, a new Annunciation Cathedral was built with a monument to St. Mitrofan erected next to it.
Cemeteries
There are ten cemeteries in Voronezh:
Levoberezhnoye Cemetery
Lesnoye Cemetery
Jewish Cemetery
Nikolskoye Cemetery
Pravoberezhnoye Cemetery
Budyonnovskoe Cemetery
Yugo-Zapadnoye Cemetery
Podgorenskоye Cemetery
Kominternovskoe Cemetery
Ternovoye Cemetery is а historical site closed to the public.
Born in Voronezh
18th century
Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov (1767–1837), Orthodox Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia
Mikhail Pavlov (1792–1840), Russian academic and professor at Moscow University
19th century
1801–1850
Aleksey Koltsov (1809–1842), Russian poet
Ivan Nikitin (1824–1861), Russian poet
Nikolai Ge (1831–1894), Russian realist painter famous for his works on historical and religious motifs
Vasily Sleptsov (1836–1878), Russian writer and social reformer
Nikolay Kashkin (1839–1920), Russian music critic
1851–1900
Valentin Zhukovski (1858–1918), Russian orientalist
Vasily Goncharov (1861–1915), Russian film director and screenwriter, one of the pioneers of the film industry in the Russian Empire
Anastasiya Verbitskaya (1861–1928), Russian novelist, playwright, screenplay writer, publisher and feminist
Mikhail Olminsky (1863–1933), Russian Communist
Serge Voronoff (1866–1951), French surgeon of Russian extraction
Andrei Shingarev (1869–1918), Russian doctor, publicist and politician
Ivan Bunin (1870–1953), the first Russian writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature
Alexander Ostuzhev (1874–1953), Russian and Soviet drama actor
Valerian Albanov (1881–1919), Russian navigator and polar explorer
Jan Hambourg (1882–1947), Russian violinist, a member of a famous musical family
Volin (1882–1945), anarchist
Boris Hambourg (1885–1954), Russian cellist who made his career in the USA, Canada, England and Europe
Boris Eikhenbaum (1886–1959), Russian and Soviet literary scholar, and historian of Russian literature
Anatoly Durov (1887–1928), Russian animal trainer
Samuil Marshak (1887–1964), Russian and Soviet writer, translator and children's poet
Eduard Shpolsky (1892–1975), Russian and Soviet physicist and educator
George of Syracuse (1893–1981), Eastern Orthodox archbishop of the Ecumenical Patriarchate
Yevgeny Gabrilovich (1899–1993), Soviet screenwriter
Semyon Krivoshein (1899–1978), Soviet tank commander; Lieutenant General
Andrei Platonov (1899–1951), Soviet Russian writer, playwright and poet
Ivan Pravov (1899–1971), Russian and Soviet film director and screenwriter
William Dameshek (1900–1969), American hematologist
20th century
1901–1930
Ivan Nikolaev (1901–1979), Soviet architect and educator
Galina Shubina (1902–1980), Russian poster and graphics artist
Pavel Cherenkov (1904–1990), Soviet physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in physics in 1958 with Ilya Frank and Igor Tamm for the discovery of Cherenkov radiation, made in 1934
Yakov Kreizer (1905–1969), Soviet field commander, General of the army and Hero of the Soviet Union
Iosif Rudakovsky (1914–1947), Soviet chess master
Pawel Kassatkin (1915–1987), Russian writer
Alexander Shelepin (1918–1994), Soviet state security officer and party statesman
Grigory Baklanov (1923–2009), Russian writer
Gleb Strizhenov (1923–1985), Soviet actor
Vladimir Zagorovsky (1925–1994), Russian chess grandmaster of correspondence chess and the fourth ICCF World Champion between 1962 and 1965
Konstantin Feoktistov (1926–2009), cosmonaut and engineer
Vitaly Vorotnikov (1926–2012), Soviet statesman
Arkady Davidowitz (1930), writer and aphorist
1931–1950
Grigory Sanakoev (1935), Russian International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster, most famous for being the twelfth ICCF World Champion (1984–1991)
Yuri Zhuravlyov (1935), Russian mathematician
Mykola Koltsov (1936–2011), Soviet footballer and Ukrainian football children and youth trainer
Vyacheslav Ovchinnikov (1936), Russian composer
Iya Savvina (1936–2011), Soviet film actress
Tamara Zamotaylova (1939), Soviet gymnast, who won four Olympic medals at the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics
Yury Smolyakov (1941), Soviet Olympic fencer
Yevgeny Lapinsky (1942–1999), Soviet Olympic volleyball player
Galina Bukharina (1945), Soviet athlete
Vladimir Patkin (1945), Soviet Olympic volleyball player
Vladimir Proskurin (1945), Soviet Russian football player and coach
Aleksandr Maleyev (1947), Soviet artistic gymnast
Valeri Nenenko (1950), Russian professional football coach and player
1951–1970
Vladimir Rokhlin, Jr. (1952), Russian-American mathematician and professor of computer science and mathematics at the Yale University
Lyubov Burda (1953), Russian artistic gymnast
Mikhail Khryukin (1955), Russian swimmer
Aleksandr Tkachyov (1957), Russian gymnast and two times Olympic Champion
Nikolai Vasilyev (1957), Russian professional football coach and player
Aleksandr Babanov (1958), Russian professional football coach and player
Sergey Koliukh (1960), Russian political figure; 4th Mayor of Voronezh
Yelena Davydova (1961), Soviet gymnast
Aleksandr Borodyuk (1962), Russian football manager and former international player for USSR and Russia
Aleksandr Chayev (1962), Russian swimmer
Elena Fanailova (1962), Russian poet
Alexander Litvinenko (1962–2006), officer of the Russian FSB and political dissident
Yuri Shishkin (1963), Russian professional football coach and player
Yuri Klinskikh (1964–2000), Russian musician, singer, songwriter, arranger, founder rock band Sektor Gaza
Yelena Ruzina (1964), athlete
Igor Bragin (1965), footballer
Gennadi Remezov (1965), Russian professional footballer
Valeri Shmarov (1965), Russian football player and coach
Konstantin Chernyshov (1967), Russian chess grandmaster
Igor Pyvin (1967), Russian professional football coach and player
Vladimir Bobrezhov (1968), Soviet sprint canoer
1971–1980
Oleg Gorobiy (1971), Russian sprint canoer
Anatoli Kanishchev (1971), Russian professional association footballer
Ruslan Mashchenko (1971), Russian hurdler
Aleksandr Ovsyannikov (1974), Russian professional footballer
Dmitri Sautin (1974), Russian diver who has won more medals than any other Olympic diver
Sergey Verlin (1974), Russian sprint canoer
Maxim Narozhnyy (1975–2011), Paralympian athlete
Aleksandr Cherkes (1976), Russian football coach and player
Andrei Durov (1977), Russian professional footballer
Nikolai Kryukov (1978), Russian artistic gymnast
Kirill Gerstein (1979), Jewish American and Russian pianist
Evgeny Ignatov (1979), Russian sprint canoeist
Aleksey Nikolaev (1979), Russian-Uzbekistan footballer
Aleksandr Palchikov (1979), former Russian professional football player
Konstantin Skrylnikov (1979), Russian professional footballer
Aleksandr Varlamov (1979), Russian diver
Angelina Yushkova (1979), Russian gymnast
Maksim Potapov (1980), professional ice hockey player
1981–1990
Alexander Krysanov (1981), Russian professional ice hockey forward
Yulia Nachalova (1981–2019), Soviet and Russian singer, actress and television presenter
Andrei Ryabykh (1982), Russian football player
Maxim Shchyogolev (1982), Russian theatre and film actor
Eduard Vorganov (1982), Russian professional road bicycle racer
Anton Buslov (1983–2014), Russian astrophysicist, blogger, columnist at The New Times magazine and expert on transportation systems
Dmitri Grachyov (1983), Russian footballer
Aleksandr Kokorev (1984), Russian professional football player
Dmitry Kozonchuk (1984), Russian professional road bicycle racer for Team Katusha
Alexander Khatuntsev (1985), Russian professional road bicycle racer
Egor Vyaltsev (1985), Russian professional basketball player
Samvel Aslanyan (1986), Russian handball player
Maksim Chistyakov (1986), Russian football player
Yevgeniy Dorokhin (1986), Russian sprint canoer
Daniil Gridnev (1986), Russian professional footballer
Vladimir Moskalyov (1986), Russian football referee
Elena Danilova (1987), Russian football forward
Sektor Gaza (1987–2000), punk band
Regina Moroz (1987), Russian female volleyball player
Roman Shishkin (1987), Russian footballer
Viktor Stroyev (1987), Russian footballer
Elena Terekhova (1987), Russian international footballer
Natalia Goncharova (1988), Russian diver
Yelena Yudina (1988), Russian skeleton racer
Dmitry Abakumov (1989), Russian professional association football player
Igor Boev (1989), Russian professional racing cyclist
Ivan Dobronravov (1989), Russian actor
Anna Bogomazova (1990), Russian kickboxer, martial artist, professional wrestler and valet
Yuriy Kunakov (1990), Russian diver
Vitaly Melnikov (1990), Russian backstroke swimmer
Kristina Pravdina (1990), Russian female artistic gymnast
Vladislav Ryzhkov (1990), Russian footballer
1991–2000
Danila Poperechny (1994), Russian stand-up comedian, actor, youtuber, podcaster
Darya Stukalova (1994), Russian Paralympic swimmer
Viktoria Komova (1995), Russian Olympic gymnast
Vitali Lystsov (1995), Russian professional footballer
Marina Nekrasova (1995), Russian-born Azerbaijani artistic gymnast
Vladislav Parshikov (1996), Russian football player
Dmitri Skopintsev (1997), Russian footballer
Alexander Eickholtz (1998) American sportsman
Angelina Melnikova (2000), Russian Olympic gymnast
Lived in Voronezh
Aleksey Khovansky (1814–1899), editor
Ivan Kramskoi (1837–1887), Russian painter and art critic
Mitrofan Pyatnitsky (1864–1927), Russian musician
Mikhail Tsvet (1872–1919), Russian botanist
Alexander Kuprin (1880–1960), Russian painter, a member of the Jack of Diamonds group
Yevgeny Zamyatin (1884-1937), Russian writer, went to school in Voronezh
Osip Mandelstam (1891–1938), Russian poet
Nadezhda Mandelstam (1899-1980), Russian writer
Gavriil Troyepolsky (1905–1995), Soviet writer
Nikolay Basov (1922–2001), Soviet physicist and educator
Vasily Peskov (1930–2013), Russian writer, journalist, photographer, traveller and ecologist
Valentina Popova (1972), Russian weightlifter
Igor Samsonov, painter
Tatyana Zrazhevskaya, Russian boxer
10c-15c Church of St. Firmin, Thurlby Lincolnshire - the village gets its name from its founder Turolf .- Once a roman settlement, a saxon church stood here with thatched nave and tower for refuge, the tower base c925 survives from this period. www.flickr.com/gp/52219527@N00/21xXA1
The church seems originally to have been in the gift of the Abbot of Burgh, who held much of the land in the village. In 1156 Abbot William Waterville founded the Nunnery of St Michaels at Stamford “ in which “as the deed hath it “he assembled no less than 40 virgins living in true religion and pure virginity” to which he gave the living connected with 3 separate churches The churches of the Blessed Michael the Archangel and St Martin in Stamford and Thurlby church. The nuns always presented a vicar here until 1539. After its Dissolution it was taken over by Eton College.
By `1240 when Petronilla was Prioress it was decided to enlarge the church. The Norman Chancel with rounded east wall was pulled down and the Nave extended by 18 feet. The aisles were extended and from them were built the north and south transepts and a chapel to the south of the Chancel. Soon after the north and south porches were built. .
The church at this time was lower and darker than now, and in c1320 steps were taken to let in more light with many lancet windows being replaced by larger ones. The tower was raised to a height of 44 feet, and surmounted by a spire 36 feet high. c1359, under prioress Agnes of Braceborough, a chapel to the north of the chancel was added, perhaps intended to be used, either when the rest of the Church was closed, or by people who desired to worship apart from the congregation, money was tight and the Bishop Gynewell of Lincoln at that time licenced the nuns of St Michaels to beg for alms.
c1440, under prioress Elizabeth Weldon, still more light was let in when the chancel east window was installed, also large ones in the south choir aisle chapel and in the north and south transepts. The height of the nave was also increased by the addition of the clerestory.
These last additions were carried out by the convent at a time when it has been recorded that in 1426 and 1440 it was so poor that it could pay only half the fees due to the Archdeacon for his Visitation.
Puritan zeal destroying everything associated with the old religion beginning c1564. William Harebie and William Eldred, churchwardens, supervised the taking down and burning of the rood. - 3 albes and 3 banners were cut to pieces. In 1566 Richard Waterfall and John Thekar, churchwardens, undertook the final ransacking of the church. service books were cut to pieces. altar stones broken and used to make stiles in the churchyard, 2 vestments were defaced and sold. The Easter Sepulchre in the sanctuary north wall was defaced. 8 candlesticks, a cross and a pair of censers were broken up and sold. 2 handballs and the holy water stoup were melted down . Altar hangings were cut up and sold.
By 1602 despite the church being in good repair "the chancel was in decay, but order is taken for repair to be had speedily” . There were 323 communicants.
Restored in 19c.
There is a road upon which we must all tread with trepidation, summoned by the calls of hope to the heavens of light.
Kings walk along that road too, men alone, beckoned by the advocate of deeds. They must cross a second path as well, the perilous path of history.
Faisal walked the path of history from childhood. He treaded its arduous routes eliminating the obsacles of destiny.
Contemplative as a boy, dignified as a youth, and wise as a man. He became a witness to his age.
He acknowledged the summon of history, and honored its demanding call a lifetime, that when he was beckoned to head the final call, it was time itself that gave witness to him, as it released him, from the constraints of mortality to the splendour of eternity.
"On a decisive day in the history of the Arabian Peninsula, a chapter of the epic story of unification was to be written. In April 1906, Abdel-Aziz was blessed with two good omens; a military victory in the battle of 'Rawdat Mahna', and the birth of his third son. This victory marked the recapture of Najd by Abdel-Aziz Al Saud, and paved the way to future unification.
Abdel-Aziz named his son Faisal, the 'sword'. Sharp and incisive, that which seperates Truth from Falsehood. He was named after his great grandfather Faisal Ibn Turki Ibn Abdullah, who ruled for over twenty six years, and was known for his piety and unparalleled political insight, qualities acknowledged by both friends and foes. That was Imam Faisal Ibn Turki, son of the founder of the second Saudi nation, and this was Faisal Ibn Abdel-Aziz, the son of the founder of the third Saudi nation.
Faisal lost his mother, Tarafah, daughter of Abdullah Ibn Abdul Latif Al Sheikh - the most prominent scholar of Najd - when he was no more than five months old. He was raised in his grandfather's home, an abode of piety and knowledge; he committed the Holy Quran to memory before the age of ten. The loss of his mother, never forgotten, was reflected in the eyes of a child who longed for his mother and searched for her in vain. This was to be transformed into a solemn gaze which spoke of dignity and wisdom and that of a man who was to forge a unique destiny and transform a nation through force of character and power of conviction.
Faisal grew up between two worlds, the public life of battles and princely duties, and the private life of knowledge and contemplation. His character combined those of both his ancestors, Mohammad Ibn Saud, and Mohammad Ibn Abdul-Wahab. He held the sword in one hand, and the pen in the other. His days were those of chivalry, trials, and hardshop and his nights were of learning, contemplation and poetry, for Faisal was an accomplished poet."
If anyone is wondering, here’s my Elphaba dressed in the official Elphaba outfit. I’m surprised the sleeves fit correctly and I like the overall appearance of this outfit.
I was mad when the news reached me. Having been pulled back from a near victory in Lenfald.
But what angered me more was that they made a treaty at this point in time, We were at war and the forest people had taken many prisoners which I knew would not be released.
I never liked peace, I needed the thrill of battle the weight of a shield at my side, but I obeyed, At first.
To take up time I made some armor from a rare rock I had found during one of my many battles with those cowards that hide in the trees.
It was a spoil of war that was supposed to be given back but I refused for one day I would use it against them.
I waited.
People thought I was insane even my own younger brother who had risen fast in the army he, suggested that I leave and live out in the tropics and retire, I did..... but for another reason I moved close to the Lenfald border and waited a couple days, preying on small patrols.Had I gone insane maybe, after all I was breaking the truce, but it didn't matter to me, nothing did anymore, especially after the battle the one were I nearly died all my troops were killed my friends and fellow warriors but I was spared. I plotted my revenge but It was interrupted by another campaign that I almost won but this treaty stopped it and my hunger for revenge has not been completed. I wore the armor made from the stolen gem with pleasure as I slaughtered Lenfald patrols the thrill of combat was not enough, I took on bigger patrols and never stopped not even to heal my wounds. I fought on but this did not go unnoticed bigger patrols with mounted cavalry were sent out to slay me they failed. And of course Leroes was blamed, I could start a war but sadly that's not what happened my face appeared on the kings billboard I was being hunted every day but by a new kind of predator an Ariene knight I killed him with ease for I was once one. I hanged his body out side as a warning I felt confident for only to people could beat me in combat one was nearby the other was far off Mark of Falworth and my Brother. But they wouldn't find me and I will make the kingdom of Lenfald will fall.
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Enjoy the story also for all those guys in LCC correct my spelling of the names if its wrong please, I'm going rouge with this character and then come back as his brother if thats okay(didn't quiet like this one) enjoy:)
feed back appreciated!
Please don't use this image on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit permission. © 2008 "Patoc" . All rights reserved.
Cette photo est mise à disposition sous un creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/deed.fr
All around the top of the walls in the Room of the Frieze, Baldassarre Peruzzi depicts the deeds of Hercules, his famous twelve labours and other myths ...
Here Hercules/Herakles is shown wrestling the Nemean Lion; the first of the twelve labours.
At Villa Farnesina, Rome; July 2019
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 Unported.
In the 2002 romantic comedy Mr. Deeds, this is the home that Babe Bennett, (Winona Ryder), tries to convince Deeds, (Adam Sandler) that this was the house she grew up in. This is a private residence in Pasadena.
This home is located at 989 S Madison Ave.
by jwcurry.
[Ottawa], Curvd H&z, 16 june 2oo7. 156 unique copies issued as Curvd H&z 466 & Card 1o4.
approx.6 x 4 postcard, splitfount silkscreen over found offset with rubberstamp rear.
a visual poem.
25.oo
John Rae is undoubtedly one of Orkney's greatest unsung heroes.Although his memorial is prominent in St Magnus Cathedral, the truth is that, until recently, few Orcadians knew of the man, or his deeds. John Rae was born at the Hall of Clestrain in Orphir on September 30, 1813. He was the fourth son of John Rae senior.Rae Senior was the factor of Sir William Honeyman's Orkney estate, so while most Orcadian families faced a harsh life of near-poverty, the Rae family lived in comfort in affluent surroundings. But forsaking the pleasures of hearth and home, the young John Rae thrived on the outdoor life. Making the most of the rural location, Rae spent most of his boyhood sailing, climbing, trekking, hunting and fishing â activities that served him well for his future exploits.
Then, in 1819, John Rae Senior was made the Orkney agent of the Hudson's Bay Company. As a boy, Rae would accompany his father on the short sea crossing between Clestrain and Stromness, where the HBC had their offices. Here, the young Rae would watch the company's many supply ships visit the town â their final port of call before crossing the Atlantic.n 1833, shortly after qualifying as a surgeon in Edinburgh, John Rae signed on as a surgeon aboard the HBC ship Prince of Wales. The shipâs destination was Moose Factory in James Bay â an area at the southern end of Hudson Bay in Canada.Intending only to serve a single season, the early âarrivalâ of ice meant Rae was forced to spend the winter on the desolate and windswept Charlton Island. There he faced a rough introduction to the âNor' Wastâ. Despite the conditions, Rae found himself captivated by "the wild sort of life to be found in the Hudson's Bay Company service". So much so that he accepted the post of surgeon at Moose Factory and remained there for ten years.
During his time at Moose Factory, Rae learned much about the area and, in particular, the Canadian natives. He regarded himself as a student of the native Cree Indians, learning skills from them such as making and maintaining snowshoes and how to hunt caribou and store the meat.
From the Inuit he learned how to ice the runners of a sled, how to combat snow-blindness and how to construct a shelter â all vital survival skills. It was this association with "natives" that contributed to Raeâs eventual downfall. Many considered his âhabitâ of dressing like a native a disgrace and frowned upon his methods. Despite this, Rae's time with the Native Americans saw him acquire a great deal of their knowledge, as well as a great respect for their culture, traditions and skills. Eventually, Rae became regarded as the foremost authority of Native American methods of Arctic survival and travel. For example, Rae was said to be the best snowshoe walker of his time. Over two months in 1844/45, he covered 1,200 miles on foot, a feat that earned him the nickname âAglookaâ - "he who takes long strides" - from the Inuit. His resilience and survival skills led to him being commissioned to go north to the west coast of Melville Peninsula from Fury and Hecla Strait southwards, and westwards to Dease, filling in the "blanks" that existed on the maps of northern Canadaâs coastline. By the winter of 1849, Rae had taken over the charge of the Mackenzie River district at Fort Simpson.
Before long, Rae was drawn into the search for a lost Royal Navy expedition. The expedition, led by Sir John Franklin, had disappeared after leaving England in 1845 to search for the Northwest Passage - a navigable Arctic route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. Franklin's expedition was made up of two ships, HMS Erebus and HMS Terror, and 134 men. Its failure to return resulted in one of the largest, most expensive, searches ever mounted. In charge of the search was Sir John Richardson, who wanted Rae as his second-in-command. Rae ended up leading two missions in an attempt to locate the missing sailors. Throughout this period, Rae continued charting the unknown territories of the north Canadian coast. Because of this, he succeeded where Franklin had failed and proved the existence of the North West passage. Rae abandoned the search for Franklin in 1854 after learning that the expedition had ended in disaster and that the last survivors having been forced to resort to cannibalism. In April 1854, Rae had heard from an Inuit that a group of 40 white men had been seen four years previously. Watched by a group of native seal hunters, the white men had been dragging a boat and sledges south along the west coast of King William Island.Going on the native accounts, Rae concluded the men had perished in the winter of 1850, after ice had crushed their ships. Some time later, Rae learned that the Inuit had discovered around 30 bodies and a number of graves. Some of these were on the mainland, with five on an island which Rae wrote was: "about a long day's journey to the north west of a large stream, which can be no other than Great Fish River". The men had died of starvation.
Rae wrote: "Some of the bodies had been buried (probably those of the first victims of famine); some were in a tent or tents; others under the boat, which had been turned over to form a shelter, and several lay scattered about in different directions." He added: "From the mutilated state of many of the bodies and the contents of the kettles, it is evident that our wretched Countrymen had been driven to the last dread alternative - cannibalism - as a means of prolonging existence." John Rae later acquired some of the dead menâs possessions from the Inuit. Items such as cutlery, watches and a medal that had once belonged to Franklin proved the expedition had perished. Going solely on the accounts of the Inuit, Rae did not actually visit the site, saying that the Inuit were reluctant to make the 10 or 12 day trek to the site of the lost expedition. This "failure" to visit the site led to considerable criticism after Raeâs report was published. The document damned the doctor in the eyes of Victorian England.
Raeâs conclusions as to the fate of the Franklin Expedition stirred up a hornetâs nest.The establishment condemned the documentâs contents and Rae's integrity was immediately called into question. How dare this man, who dressed and mingled with Canadian natives, suggest that men of the Royal Navy indulged in cannibalism? And more to the point imagine accepting the word of the natives without verifying it! Particularly vitriolic in her attacks was Franklin's wife. Lady Jane Franklin sought to glorify the memory of her husband as the man who found the Northwest Passage, so unsurprisingly Rae's discoveries did not go down well. Aiding Lady Franklin was the writer Charles Dickens. Dickens published articles rejecting Raeâs conclusions and the manner in which he had reached them. According to Dickens, it was unthinkable that the English Navy "would or could in any extremity of hunger, alleviate that pains of starvation by this horrible means". But Rae refused to back down. He stood by the content of his report and the circumstances surrounding the fate of the Franklin Expedition. The full story was only revealed when an expedition sent by Lady Franklin found a small cairn at Point Victory, on the north west coast of King William Island. Here, one Lieutenant Crozier, second in command, had left a message confirming that Sir John Franklin had died on June 11, 1847. Franklin had been the 25th man to perish on the expedition. The cairn was found in May 1859, 11 years after Crozier had written that the survivors were starting out for Great Fish River. Skeletons of some of the last survivors appeared to confirm that the men had resorted to cannibalism. Dr John Rae retired from the Hudson's Bay Company in 1856 at the age of 43. But his exploring days were far from over. When the Atlantic telegraph cable failed, a route was suggested through the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Greenland to North America. Rae was called upon to explore the landward side of this route.
Then, in 1884, he accepted a task that brought him back, for the time being, into the service of the Hudson's Bay Company. The HBC, in partnership with the Western Telegraph Union Company, was exploring the possibility of a telegraph route through Siberia, the Bering Strait, Alaska and British Columbia. Rae was asked to survey a section of the proposed route from Red River to Victoria. In the course of this survey he negotiated a considerable stretch of the Fraser River in a dugout canoe, without a guide. His survey notes proved of value in the later development of the Canadian west. But following the Franklin controversy, John Rae, and his exploits, began to slip from the pages of the history books. His achievements were ignored or, at best, grudgingly acknowledged. Although they had failed to find the North West passage, Franklin and his officers were posthumously knighted. Aside from his other achievements, Rae had found the Passage but received no recognition or award. He was the only major explorer of the era not to receive a knighthood.Dr John Rae died in London on July 22, 1893, aged 79.
On Saturday, July 29, 1893, his body arrived in Kirkwall on board the paddle steamer St Magnus. A solemn crowd gathered to pay their respects as John Rae returned home for the last time. His coffin was carried to St Magnus Cathedral where he was buried with great ceremony. His remains lie in the Cathedral kirkyard, marked by a humble gravestone. Inside the cathedral nave is a memorial to the man - a recumbent figure carved in stone. Wearing his Arctic travelling clothes, Rae sleeps with his gun by his side, and a blanket, or sleeping bag, thrown over his body. As a boy I remember asking my parents why the "sleeping man" was there. The response sums it up - they didn't know. And neither do many. There is one consolation, however. A growing number people are becoming aware of John Rae and his achievements. So perhaps there is still a chance that his rightful place in history will be restored.
You faithfully answer our prayers with awesome deeds,
O God our savior.
You are the hope of everyone on earth,
even those who sail on distant seas.
You formed the mountains by your power
and armed yourself with mighty strength.
You quieted the raging oceans
with their pounding waves
and silenced the shouting of the nations.
Those who live at the ends of the earth
stand in awe of your wonders.
From where the sun rises to where it sets,
you inspire shouts of joy.
[Psalm 65:5-8 NLT]
5 THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW:
1. Like it or not, we are ALL sinners: As the Scriptures say, “No one is righteous—not even one. No one is truly wise; no one is seeking God. All have turned away; all have become useless. No one does good, not a single one.” (Romans 3:10-12 NLT)
2. The punishment for sin is death: When Adam sinned, sin entered the world. Adam’s sin brought death, so death spread to everyone, for everyone sinned. (Romans 5:12 NLT)
3. Jesus is our only hope: But God showed his great love for us by sending Christ to die for us while we were still sinners. (Romans 5:8 NLT) For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life through Christ Jesus our Lord. (Romans 6:23 NLT)
4. SALVATION is by GRACE through FAITH in JESUS: God saved you by his grace when you believed. And you can’t take credit for this; it is a gift from God. Salvation is not a reward for the good things we have done, so none of us can boast about it. For we are God’s masterpiece. He has created us anew in Christ Jesus, so we can do the good things he planned for us long ago. (Ephesians 2:8-10 NLT)
5. Accept Jesus and receive eternal life: If you openly declare that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. (Romans 10:9 NLT) But to all who believed him and accepted him, he gave the right to become children of God. (John 1:12 NLT) And this is what God has testified: He has given us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. Whoever has the Son has life; whoever does not have God’s Son does not have life. (1 John 5:11-12 NLT)
Read the Bible for yourself. Allow the Lord to speak to you through his Word. YOUR ETERNITY IS AT STAKE!
HMS "Gannet" of 1878, a Doterel class screw sloop, perserved at the Historic Dockyard, Chatham. 12th August 2016.
The East Riding Registry of Deeds, Register Square, Beverley 1800 - 1899.
The East Riding Register of Deeds was established under the terms of the East Riding Registry Act of 1708. This new public register was intended to prevent secret and fraudulent transfer of land and to safeguard the interests of purchasers and mortgagees.
The site of the Registry Office was Beverley, the main market town in the East Riding. This image shows the first building erected in Register Square in 1800, which remained there until 1899, whereby it was demolished. Buildings for the Registry were erected at the public charge by the county justices. A Registrar was elected by the freeholders.
The Yorkshire Registries Act of 1884 enabled the East Riding County Council Authority to have responsibility for the Registry and to administer it from 1889.
By 1976 the Registry closed for all purposes due to compulsory registration introduced to the area. The memorials, enrolment books and indexes that remained in the Registry, are now housed in the East Riding Archive office, Beverley.
Historic East Yorkshire prints make fantastic gifts. Buy yours from www.picturearchives.org/eastridingphotos
(Why not try searching our East Riding of Yorkshire Map for more historic images?
www.flickr.com/photos/erarchives/map )
(Copyright) We're happy for you to share this digital image within the spirit of Creative Commons.
Please cite 'East Riding Archives ' when reusing.
Certain restrictions on high quality reproductions and commercial use of the original physical version apply. If unsure please email archives.service@eastriding.gov.uk
Collage Play With Crowabout- Week 28. It's sorta hard to read, it's says: Do your little bits of good where you are; it's those little bits of good put together, that overwhelm the world" by Archbishop Desmond Tutu. I truly believe it, don't you? I blogged this at: blueridgelady.blogspot.com/
French postcard, no. 3. Cliché X.
André Deed (1879-1940) was one the most popular comedians in French and Italian silent cinema under the names of Boireau and Cretinetti. He also was a film director and scriptwriter.
Born Henri André Augustin Chapais, in Le Havre on 22 February 1879, and after lyceum in Nice, André Deed started his career around 1900 as a circus acrobat and music-hall singer. In 1901 he did his first steps in the movie world in supporting roles, working for film pioneer Georges Méliès. In 1906 he started his own series of short comedies at Pathé Frères, around a comic character designed by himself: Boireau. Between 1906 and 1908 he made some 27 films for Pathé, directed by pioneer filmmakers like Georges Hathot and Georges Monca, though of several films no director is known.
Because of the huge popularity of the Boireau comedies, in 1908 the Torinese company Itala lured him to Italy, where Deed started the series of Cretinetti [which more or less stands for ‘little stupid’]. He not only acted but also directed his own films now. Just like in the French films, Deed behaved in a quite anarchic way, creating destruction and pursuits all over. Between 1909 and 1911 and between 1915 and 1920 Deed interpreted some 90 shorts with Cretinetti, such as the absurdist Cretinetti e le donne (1910), in which fanatic women tear the man to pieces. In the end, all his loose limbs gather again. Boireau and Cretinetti were famous in the whole world under different names: Foolshead in English, Müller in German, Toribio in Spanish, Turíbio in Portuguese, Lehmann in Hungary, Glupyuskin in Russia, and so on. In Turin Emilio Ghione and Alberto Collo starting their career in Deed’s films. He also met there his future wife Valentina Frascaroli, who would perform in many of his films.
In 1912 Deed went back to Pathé to perform as Boireau again, and as Cretinetti was named Gribouille in France, his first film for Pathé was entitled Comment Gribouille redevient Boireau/ How Gribouille became Boireau again (1912). Frascaroli collaborated under the character name of Gribouillette. From 1912 on Deed would make some 70 shorts again as Boireau. In 1913 Deed and Frascaroli did a big European and Latin American theatrical tour. When the First World War broke out in 1914, Deed was drafted first, but in 1915 Itala producer Giovanni Pastrone called him back to Italy, where he a.o. directed and played in the war propaganda film La paura degli aereomobili nemici (1915) and Cretinetti e gli stivali del brasilero (1916), which had Bartolomeo Pagano alias Maciste in a supporting part as a police officer, plus special effects by Segundo De Chomon. Afterward, Deed returned in France where he served in various sections of the army, though it is unknown whether he fought in the trenches. In 1918 he married Frascaroli and in 1919 he was demobilised.
In 1920-1921 Deed started a trilogy of Italian fantasy-adventure-films: Il documento umano (1920), L’uomo meccanico (1921) and Lo strano amore di Mado. The latter was never realised, while a copy of L’uomo meccanico was found and restored by the Cineteca Comunale di Bologna. It is a film about an indestructible robot which in the end only creates havoc. Deed returned to France, where he still acted in films, in the early sound era as well, but only in minor parts. Eventually, he became nightwatch at the Pathé studios. By the late 1930s, Deed was so forgotten, that André Siscot indicated he died in 1938, even if that happened two years after. Official documents though are not entirely clear about the exact date of Deed’s passing: 4 October 1940. He was buried in Paris, while his wife Valentina Frascaroli survived him; she died in 1955.
Sources: Italian, French and English Wikipedia, IMDB.
IT MADE IT INTO THE SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE on CHRISTMAS DAY
- Elflike Adda Dada, who goes around town doing good deeds - he's the gent who paid for a veteran's Veterans Day meal - brought four toy fire engines for the Toys for Tots drive at a local firehouse. When a firefighter said he'd always wanted a toy engine, Dada assured him, "There's still time to write to Santa, because as everyone knows, all firefighters are on Santa's 'good list,' " and vowed to bring another just for the firefighter.
Read more: www.sfgate.com/entertainment/garchik/article/ Christmas-in...
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Santa ADDA DADA was doing his annual running to the fire houses in his neighborhood on Wednesday. It is time to donate toys for their Toys For Tots drive. Fireman Doug at the Fire Station on 26th Avenue was so excited when he saw the four toy fire engines.
"Wow. I have always wanted one of these!"
"Firefighter Doug, there's still time to write to Santa, because as everyone knows, all firefighters are on Santa's "good list"!", Adda responded.
Today, Friday, SANTA ADDA DADA went back to the Fire Station on 26th Avenue & Geary, & delivered yet another bundle of toys with, yes, several more toy fire-engines. The firefighters collecting the toys have the BIGGEST smile when they see there's a toy fire engine in the stash! I don't know who has the biggest smiles, the kids on Christmas or the firefighters collecting the toys!
I had my photo taken with the firefighter who greeted me at the fire station door, and then asked if Firefighter Doug was in the house. He was and I was lead to the attending firefighters around their tree & TV.
Firefighter Doug was all smiles and said, "I remember YOU!"
"I have a special delivery from SANTA who wants to thank you and all the San Francisco Fire Department for their efforts with the Toys for Tots drive & your civic dedication. SANTA even wrote you a letter of 'thanks'.", I proclaimed.
Ok Now, all the firefighters were starring with jaws dropped in surprise. (What & the world is going on, seemed to be the look on all their faces.) Not, Firefighter Doug who was all in good spirits.
"Now you may choose to do with this as you wish. Keep it. Display it. Donate it. But SANTA wanted me to deliver it to you!"
"Thanks!", Firefighter Doug beamed. "Oh yes! PHOTO OP!", Santa Adda said. Laughing, he held up the wrapped gift knowing that Santa has filled his childhood Christmas wish.
As I left the firehouse, with the firefighters still wondering, what just happened. Santa Adda shouted with glee,( not the TV show, but with the emotion), "Don't forget, SANTA hand wrote you a letter in the envelope!"
and here is SANTA's letter to FIREFIGHTER DOUG:
=================
Dear FIREFIGHTER DOUG
As a young child you believed in SANTA. That lit the hearts of all of us here in the North Pole. Did you know that the elves have small wreaths shaped as hearts for hearts? Yes. It's a big secret, but SANTA wanted to share that with you because you are a first responder & there may be a time when you come to the aid of an elf in need.
You see elves are very special little SANTA's helpers. Those heart-shaped wreath hearts are lit with many Christmas lights. They stay lit with everyone's belief in yours truly, me, Santa.
Those lights go dim when people loose their belief in SANTA. Sometimes, those lights go dim and the elves then become sad and some even become naughty.
C.S.I: NORTH POLE reported to me, that was the case many years ago when one NAUGHTY ELF seemed to leave out the fact that young FIREFIGHTER DOUG would like a toy fire-truck for Christmas. Your wish was to grow up and be a first responder.
It gives SANTA great pleasure to see that you didnot let the NAUGHTY ELF's trick spoil your desires to continue onward.
SANTA is very proud that you continued onward and became one of the world's heroes...a first responder. You see, FIREFIGHTER DOUG, the true heroes in the world are those who serve the public in their times of great need. The firefighters, police, military, and government workers are the heroes who want to give back to the community daily. They are always on SANTA's GOOD LIST.
The TOYS FOR TOTS program by the SAN FRANCISCO FIRE DEPARTMENT , as well as the other charity organizations , are helping SANTA. They are always in SANTA's heart, as well as, the ELVES wreath-shaped hearts.
The efforts of your toy drive to provide toys to the needy children are deeply appreciated by SANTA & the ELVES. It is because of your efforts and all those first responders & people who donate toys to the TOYS FOR TOTS program, that SANTA and the ELVES wreath-shaped hearts stay lit all year long.
Andres Photo is licensed under a Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 Unported License
Images taken by hoan luong is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.
If anyone is wondering, here’s my Elphaba dressed in the official Elphaba outfit. I’m surprised the sleeves fit correctly and I like the overall appearance of this outfit.
While in Yangon, I noticed people feeding pigeons along the sidewalk in a couple of areas. Then I began to notice the people doing it seemed to be Muslims. So then I looked into it. From what I gather, it's considered a good deed to feed animals (who are in need of it), for which there are rewards.
Edward Andrew Deeds (Colonel Deeds) was an American engineer, inventor and industrialist prominent in the Dayton, Ohio area. He was the president of the National Cash Register Company and, together with Charles F. Kettering, founded Dayton Engineering Laboratories Company, an early innovator in automotive technology. Deeds partnered with the Wright brothers in an early airplane manufacturing venture and led the military aircraft production effort in World War I.
Organizations founded: Delco Electronics, Dayton-Wright Company.
Deeds, Kettering, and newspaper magnate and politician James M. Cox all built magnificent homes near each other south of Dayton, Ohio in what later became Kettering, Ohio. Deeds' home, today owned by the Kettering Health Network, was called Moraine Farm and was the first home in the United States to have a private airstrip. The home also includes an observatory that houses a 7" refractor telescope.
b: March 12, 1874
d: July 1, 1960
Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum
Dayton, OH
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Joanne Breau of Powerwatts. Note the forks. Maglia Rosa cyclocross series #6 - Parc Jean-Drapeau, Montreal