View allAll Photos Tagged Cognition
Just a tide mark where a wave ran up the beach and covered some of the footprints. Did you know humans were eating shellfish about 165,000 years ago in South Africa? Some believe shellfish helped the brain expand to increase our cognition. Spare a thought for that humble shell as you crush it under foot :)
Boris Bućan/fenomen plakatne umjetnosti/The Phenomenon of Poster Art @ www.kabinet-grafike.hazu.hr/hr/izlozbeUtijeku.htm
Boris Bućan (Zagreb, 1947) an intriguing innovator of graphic design, has by his intense long-lasting oeuvre left a significant mark on the perception and cognition of the poster both of the general public and of the future generations.
At the turn into the 1980s, he created large-size posters (2 x 2m) of prevailing pictorial feeling over the informative content. These particular artistic posters, associated with theater performances, concerts, exhibitions and other cultural events, in all their monumentality and appearance, have attracted attention and significantly changed the public urban setting. It was the period of his anthological silkscreen posters for the Croatian National Theater in Split (1981-1986) and for the Symphony Orchestra and the Choir of Radio Television (1983-1991)...
Lucy, Chip and Cooper sitting pretty on the second floor deck, with the blue skies and white cumulus clouds hanging low behind them.
Let me tell you... its's not easy to get three dogs looking at the camera, in one shot. Cookies always help. =)
These three are very loving towards each other and are great dogs!! Not to mention, they live in a beautiful house!
Explore #4
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I haven't been around as much as I would like for the last 8 months. My mother moved in with me one year ago. She could no longer walk up to her second floor apartment due to back problems. I live in a ranch style house and my siblings did not have the right space for her, so it was the right solution.
Four months in, she had her first stroke. In January, 3 months later... she her second stroke. It's been down hill ever since. We found out she has lung cancer too and now we think it has traveled to her brain.
I am her care taker.
I'm doing everything I can to keep her out of a nursing home. She's been my best friend and my rock, my whole life... and I don't want to abandon her now when she needs me most.
We are entering the hospice phase. It could be days, weeks or even months... I have no idea what God has planned for her but I know she wants to be at home.
The brain cancer is making her agitated and at times violent. The dementia is the worst part. My brilliant, warm, funny mother is no longer available to have a conversation with. She has almost no memory but somehow still remembers me.
This woman who used to read 10 books a week, can no longer read. She doesn't even have the capacity to watch a tv program. Her cognition is gone.
This is so awful to witness. When she's stressed, I'm more stressed.
Thank God for medication!! With the meds, I can hopefully keep her calm and relaxed. This is easier said then done. Alice, our new home health aid, and I have been up for six nights in a row, at all hours, because getting her to sleep at night has posed quite the challenge.
The hospice nurses are A-mazing!! They are available 24/7 through a hot line. I'm an emotional wreck and it's great to have strong, calm women to give me the courage to walk thru this journey with my mom. Without them and Alice, I'd be lost.
Last few days showing WORDS @ Red Dot Gallery
Visit in world: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Turtle%20Falls/89/155/1076
I began to notice that a single word would come to mind as I worked. I would like to attribute cognition to this phenomenon but that would be a conceit. It seemed to be a reaction to something rather than a response and as such the accuracy of selection could be flawed for as humans, we have greater acuity when the target is still as opposed to moving, which thoughts ever are.
This sequence of work came about while I was reading SUM by David Eagleman. I must also reference Einstein Dreams by Alan Lightman. The acknowledgement will not be lost on those who have read these wonderful little books. For those who have not I highly recommend them.
“Wearing loafers in the rain is not the best use of the brain. Yet still the clock remains, and the universe sustains. So I walk the social drain like a magnet for disdain over nets in ally lanes set by clumsy hurry canes.” ― Calvin W. Allison, Poetic Cognition
Instinctual Behavior shapes the Beast, conduct and cognition shape the Man .... Quotes by Patricia Bechthold
"Robert The Bruce of Scots " 1316- 1329
WORDS @ Red Dot Gallery
Visit in world: maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Turtle%20Falls/89/155/1076
I began to notice that a single word would come to mind as I worked. I would like to attribute cognition to this phenomenon but that would be a conceit. It seemed to be a reaction to something rather than a response and as such the accuracy of selection could be flawed for as humans, we have greater acuity when the target is still as opposed to moving, which thoughts ever are.
This sequence of work came about while I was reading SUM by David Eagleman. I must also reference Einstein Dreams by Alan Lightman. The acknowledgement will not be lost on those who have read these wonderful little books. For those who have not I highly recommend them.
Walking away or hiding your face is a behavioral response from camera shyness. A physiological response to camera shyness can be shaking or an increase in heart rate. A cognition response can be how a person remembers a terrible experience with cameras, which result in fear of being photographed or filmed (Wikipedia). Did I have terrible experiences with cameras? Yes, seeing myself.
Jesmonite,graphite, ginseng extract, griffinola seed extract, Aulterra, powdered silver, aluminium, styrofoam, polyester, polystyrene
a five metre long pan dimensional/electromagnetically active object/being, whose materials/ingredients include dietary supplements, and no ferrous metals
with Sam Burford, Rose Horridge, Mary Cork, Ian Marshall, Phil Brown, Graham Westfield, David Cook,jonni Kemp, Marcus Bowerman, Andy Best, Andrew Mark, Matt Walsh, Bronwen Buckeridge, Abby Simpson, Becca Djan, Nimrod Vardi, Stan Grant, Gabriel Basha , Matt Lloyd, Faye Aaronson, Brendan Giles, Carolina Tirado, Yeter Aydemir
supported by Metropolitan Works and Arts Council England
Hearts and Minds, A Foundation in Liverpool
1st July 2010 - 14th August 2010
Sapientia is the Latin word for “wisdom.” And wisdom in the classic, as well as the Biblical, tradition is something quite definite. It is the highest level of cognition. It goes beyond scientia, which is systematic knowledge, beyond intellectus, which is intuitive understanding. It has deeper penetration and wider range than either of these. It embraces the entire scope of man’s life and all its meaning…. Wisdom is not only speculative, but also practical: that is to say, it is “lived.” And unless one “lives” it, one cannot “have” it. It is not only speculative but creative. It is expressed in living signs and symbols.
-Thomas Merton, The Literary Essays of Thomas Merton (1981)
“Everything that we call invention, discovery in the highest sense, is an outward manifestation, the realization of the original sense of truth, which, having developed long ago in silence, unexpectedly, with lightning speed, leads to fruitful cognition. It is on external things from within a developing revelation that gives a person a premonition of his god-likeness. This is a synthesis of the world and spirit, giving the most blissful confidence in the eternal harmony of being.”
Goethe's “doctrine of color. Theory of Knowledge
Instinctual Behavior shapes the Beast: Conduct and Cognition shape the Man..
Quotes On Making Choices
Mrs Happy Face
Here are some tips on how to eat to preserve your memory and keep your brain healthy.
Key Points
Limiting candy in your diet may support brain health, as high added sugar intake could increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
A brain-healthy lifestyle includes regular exercise, managing chronic diseases, staying socially engaged and following diets like the MIND diet.
Making mindful dietary and lifestyle choices can enhance cognitive health and overall well-being over time.
More than 55 million people have dementia worldwide, with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common form, contributing to 60% to 70% of dementia cases. Having Alzheimer’s disease means living with a progressive disorder that causes brain cells to degenerate and die, leading to a continuous decline in memory, thinking skills and the ability to perform everyday tasks. Sadly, as the disease progresses, even basic activities and communication become challenging.
Several factors influence the risk of developing dementia, with some being completely beyond your control. Aging is the most significant risk factor, as individuals over the age of 65 are more susceptible. Genetics also play a crucial role, with specific genetic mutations directly linked to Alzheimer’s disease. However, along with unchangeable factors, certain lifestyle choices can help lower the risk of cognitive decline, with diet being a pivotal piece of the puzzle. “Some of the best foods for brain health are antioxidant-rich wild blueberries, salad greens for B vitamins, salmon for its anti-inflammatory fatty acids, fiber-rich black beans, and walnuts, the best source of plant-based omega-3 ALA among nuts,” says Maggie Moon, M.S., RD. There are some foods you should avoid when focusing on brain health support too, with candy being the #1 food on that list.
Why You Should Limit Candy for Brain Health
Taking steps to reduce dementia risk is one positive step for brain health. While there isn’t one food that will cause dementia, high-added-sugar candy tops the list of foods that should be limited on a brain-healthy diet.
“Candies are not your brain’s friend,” Moon says. She points to a study that found that eating too much added sugar more than doubled the risk for dementia. “That includes added sugar from candies, as well as other sweets like pastries, sweetened café drinks and sodas,” she says. Researchers think that high blood sugar and insulin levels are risk factors for Alzheimer’s because insulin resistance may also occur in the brain, which may impact memory.
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Of course, everything can be eaten in moderation in a healthy, balanced eating plan. “While fine once in a while, research has found that a diet that is consistently high in added sugar may increase the amyloid plaque buildup in the brain,” says Laura M. Ali, M.S., RDN. "These plaques disrupt the communication system in our brain, and scientists have found that people with Alzheimer’s disease tend to have more of these plaques.”
In fact, says Ali, one study found that every 10 grams of added sugar consumed per day (equivalent to 2½ teaspoons of sugar or 8 gummy candies) was associated with a 1.3% to 1.4% increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Those with the highest daily added sugar intake had 19% higher odds of developing Alzheimer’s disease.
Don't Miss
The #1 Habit to Start Now to Reduce Your Dementia Risk
Other Ways to Reduce Your Risk of Dementia
Limiting sweetened candy doesn't guarantee that you won't get dementia, but it is a positive step forward. Along with limiting added sugar in your diet, here are some other ways to reduce your dementia risk:
Exercise by participating in both aerobic activity and resistance exercise.
If you smoke cigarettes, take the first steps to quit.
Limit alcohol intake. If you regularly drink alcohol, try to do so in moderation. Excessive drinking is linked to cognitive decline. Moderate drinking means two drinks or less in a day for men and one drink or less in a day for women.
Stay socially engaged. Maintaining social connections builds your cognitive reserve to maintain good brain function with age.
If you have chronic diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, make sure you’re managing these well. Stiffness in arteries and blood vessels can damage the brain. If you need help or individualized advice, reach out to a healthcare professional.
Include brain-healthy foods in your diet. The MIND diet emphasizes foods like whole grains, nuts, berries, vegetables and olive oil, which research shows may help support brain health. “The brain-healthy MIND diet limits foods high in saturated fats and added sugars because both are linked to oxidative stress, inflammation and the brain plaques and tangles associated with Alzheimer’s disease,” says Moon. She clarifies that this diet limits—but does not eliminate—fried foods, pastries and sweets, red meat, whole-fat cheese and butter.
Our Expert Take
Nothing will guarantee that you will live a life free from dementia. But certain steps may help reduce your risk, with your dietary choices being one factor. And along with eating brain-healthy foods, limiting your candy intake can help keep you cognitively sharp. Enjoying a small handful of candy corn on Halloween or conversation hearts on Valentine’s Day won’t “cause” dementia. “It’s important to remember that no single food eaten once, or even once in a while, is going to make or break your brain health,” Moon adds.
8 Sources:
World Health Organization. Dementia.
Alzheimer’s Association. What is Alzheimer’s Disease?
National Institute on Aging. Thinking about your risk for Alzheimer’s Disease? Five questions to consider.
Dhana K, James BD, Agarwal P, Aggarwal NT, et al. MIND Diet, Common Brain Pathologies, and Cognition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Alzheimers Dis.;83(2):683-692. doi: 10.3233/JAD-210107.
Agarwal P, Ford CN, Leurgans SE, Beck T, Desai P, Dhana K, Evans DA, Halloway S, Holland TM, Krueger KR, Liu X, Rajan KB, Bennett DA. Dietary sugar intake associated with a higher risk of dementia in community-dwelling older adults. J Alzheimers Dis. 2023;95(4):1417-1425. doi:10.3233/JAD-230013
Liu L, Volpe SL, Ross JA, Grimm JA, Van Bockstaele EJ, Eisen HJ. Dietary sugar intake and risk of Alzheimer's disease in older women. Nutr Neurosci. 2022 Nov;25(11):2302-2313. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2021.1959099
Alzheimer’s Association. Risk reduction.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dietary guidelines for alcohol.
Was out exploring a cemetery the other day in the midst of an ice storm. Three consecutive days of freezing rain had transformed the landscape into an ice palace. Trees branches glistened under a thick coating of ice, and crackled in response to wind gusts. Grass and weeds were frozen in place, and made odd crunching sounds under my feet. Rain pelted my parka, a very odd sensation with the below freezing air temperature. The droplets sounded louder than normal summer rain, and icy cold where they landed on bare skin. It was yet another weather phenomenon that caused ordinary places to appear otherworldly. I love tapping into this energy. It is heightened by the sheer desolation of this place, a rural cemetery that is infrequently travelled. Adverse weather repels even the few who might otherwise have visited here. I'm left completely alone and without distraction. The intensity is palpable and in these moments I thrive on it. I wander about aimlessly, alternately pausing to observe things; taking photos. and at times simply standing still to take in the environment and appreciate the moment. I first noticed this statue of the Virgin Mary from a distance and it was facing away from me. I made my way over, and slowly circled around. That's the moment I saw the downturned face covered with rivulets of frozen rain drops. I realized instantly that this is why I was brought here. Nearly every spontaneous photo shoot includes a defining moment, and today, this was it. Standing here miles from nowhere in the middle of an ice storm, me and this forlorn little figurine. I sized up the face; battered and weathered, moldy yet an expression that seemed unbowed by circumstance. The painted eyes seemed eerily lifelike, as if they were capable of vision, of cognition. I kept replaying this moment later in the day, even after I was warm and dry. The photo haunts me still.
Learning and socialising - Young Elephant Rugby_w_0993
Elephant cognition is the study of animal cognition as present in elephants.
Most contemporary ethologists view the elephant as one of the world's most intelligent animals. With a mass of just over 5 kg (11lb), an elephant's brain has more mass than that of any other land animal, and although the largest whales have body masses twenty times those of a typical elephant, a whale's brain is barely twice the mass of an elephant's brain. In addition, elephants have around 257 billion neurons. Elephant brains are similar to humans' and many other mammals' in terms of general connectivity and functional areas, with several unique structural differences. Although initially estimated to have as many neurons as a human brain, the elephant's cortex has about one-third of the number of neurons as a human brain.
Elephants manifest a wide variety of behaviours, including those associated with grief, learning, mimicry, play, altruism, use of tools, compassion, cooperation, self-awareness, memory, and communication. Further, evidence suggests elephants may understand pointing: the ability to nonverbally communicate an object by extending a finger, or equivalent. It is thought they are equal with cetaceans and primates in this regard. Due to such claims of high intelligence and due to strong family ties of elephants, some researchers argue it is morally wrong for humans to cull them.
Aristotle described the elephant as "the animal that surpasses all others in wit and mind."
Valmiera has long been a crossroads of trade, business, busy life, roads and thoughts. In Valmiera, as a strategically important Hanseatic city, money, languages and ideas exchanged. It started back in 1283, when one of the symbols of Valmiera was built in the city center - St. Simon's Church, it continues and will never end, because Valmiera has always had a human attraction. The Gauja River flowing through the city has, with its rapidity, encoded the love of nature in people, giving energy and energy to implement ideas, not to be afraid to be the first, somewhat new beginners.
Valmiera has always been a youthful and ambitious city. The spirit of cognition and discovery prevails both in kindergarteners and pupils, as well as in university students and adults. The Gauja River is in the blood of the people of Valmiera, therefore sports and culture are an integral part of the city. Great people in the world have started their professional careers here. Here is proud of every resident who makes Valmiera the best place to live, work, study and relax.
Valmiera has always been a cultural center. One of the few professional theatres outside Riga is located in Valmiera and gives the city a spirit of freedom of thought and challenge. The theatre enters the city and the lives of residents and city guests both literally and figuratively. A special event has also become a tradition - the Valmiera Summer Theatre Festival, which annually gathers spectators with new performances and theatre “stages” in unusual places in Valmiera.
Valmiera honors its roots, celebrates today and looks to the future with enthusiasm and confidence. In Valmiera - we live green!
Pearls of culture and history
Valmiera is one of the oldest cities in Latvia. In 1702 the city was completely destroyed by the Russian army. During 1770s it was severely damaged by several fires. At the dusk of the World War II, in September 1944, almost whole historical centre of Valmiera completely burnt down. Only few buildings remained intact – the Valmiera St. Simon’s Church, ruins of the Livonian order Castle and the building complex of the Valmiera Museum. The peculiar image of the city is also shaped by sculptures and environmental objects, particularly ones connected with the works of the famous sculptor and initiator of the stone sculpture symposium Andris Vārpa:
Valmiera St. Simon’s Church is one of the oldest stone buildings in Latvia (built in the 13th century). In the northern corner of the church are two bullets, which destroyed the church during the Livonian War. Several valuable art monuments can be found in the church: burial plaques (15-16th century), the Ladegast pipe organ (1886), a pulpit with paintings from 1730s. From the renovated church tower you have a beautiful panoramic view on Valmiera.
Bachelors’ Park and the concert hall “Valmiera”. In 1913 the city received the park as a gift from 8 unmarried gentlemen. The pavilion which was built in 1914 underwent reconstruction in 2016 and a concert hall in it was created. Visitors are offered varied culture and leisure events, excursions in the concert hall are available.
Happy Bench Monday!
A fortnight after the 21 June winter solstice in Antarctica, the crew at Concordia Research Station are slowly welcoming the return of sunlight. This photo was taken by ESA-sponsored medical doctor Nick Smith on 1 July at noon.
The 12-member crew at Concordia, located at the mountain plateau called Dome C, have spent the last few months in complete darkness: the sun disappeared in May and will not be fully visible again until mid-August. This image of high noon signals the beginning of the end of winter on the remote continent.
Confined in extreme conditions, the crew at Concordia – one of three Antarctic stations inhabited all year long – find solace in traditions. Midwinter often includes well wishes from other Antarctic and sub-Antarctic stations as well as communal projects. The crew this year brewed their own beer to mark the occasion.
As well as offering around nine months of complete isolation, Concordia’s location at 3233 m altitude means the crew experience chronic hypobaric hypoxia – lack of oxygen in the brain. Temperatures can drop to –80°C in the winter, with a yearly average of –50°C. The temperature at the time of this image was –65°C, with wind chill at about –80°C.
As a station set in Earth’s harshest space, Concordia is an ideal stand-in for studying the human psychological and physiological effects of extreme cold, isolation and darkness.
Nick is working on seven experiments, looking in general at the effects of isolated, confinement and extreme environment, analogous to a lunar or martian station, on mindfulness, cognition, risk taking, decision making, immune systems, stress, eye health, sexual security, and social dynamics. He has collected many samples and questionnaires over the past nine months.
The crew are headed for the home stretch of their Antarctic residency which will bring not only sunlight but also fresh crew. Researchers arriving for the summer campaign means a lot of preparatory work for the current crew.
In the next few weeks, they will need to plough the skiway, remove snow around the station, deep clean, and in the case of Nick, prepare his samples for return to Europe.
Follow the adventures at Concordia on the Chronicles from Concordia blog.
Credits: ESA/IPEV/PNRA–N. Smith
Giving in to the artistic need to wind into new territory. Here I went for dark and gritty, with a lot of grain that was inherent in the limitation of my technology. Instead of trying to quell that limitation, I found it added to the 'feeling' of the image. The grit adds to the theme as well.
The night is seen as the time of day where reason, logic and rational cognition are suspended or surrendered as the light disappears and darkness sets in. The title alludes to both positive and negative aspects of that transition.
Since reason is surrendered and dreams, illogic, non-logic or the intuitional become the dominant aspect of consciousness at night, I see it in a way as "lawless". This "lawlessness" can also be taken literally, where in the dark, monstrous caverns of the big city, disregards for order become more active.
Music Link: "El Greco - Movement 2". Vangelis, from his album "El Greco".
www.youtube.com/watch?v=gTh5wqqs1zU
View Large on Black.
I some times wonder what do jumpers think about when they are resting; spiders of the family salticidae seem to have some level of intelligence and in my opinion, personalities.
"Recent study finds that arachnids demonstrate "genuine cognition."
Although jumping spiders have a brain the size of a poppy seed, they are actually quite smart. A new study shows that many species of jumping spider plan out intricate routes and detours to reach their prey — a quality usually observed in larger creatures." Joanne Kennell
“The antidote to exhaustion isn’t rest, it’s nature.” -Shikoba
Mike and I get oudoors most days. We try to live as much as possible by the concept of friluftsliv, the Norwegian love of the outdoors. It translates to “open air life”, or basically an outdoor life, and is both a philosophy and way of life. It’s a commitment to spend time outdoors no matter the weather, your age, or physical capabilities and includes everything from extreme sports to lounging outside.
As a philosophy, it’s about living a simple life in nature without destroying or disturbing it, something our world desperately needs more people to embrace.
Spending time outdoors has mental and physical benefits, which Mike and I have both noticed. It improves cognition, reduces anxiety & stress, and boosts our mood. We love the tonic of nature!
Notebooks from Gibbs Smith, bandana from United by Blue.
Here's Several Haiku Notes:
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To know what I know
having earned a Ph.D.
I am who I am
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If you should seek peace,
listen to the voice within;
follow its advice.
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A Buddhist Haiku
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What is Buddhism?
For me: A Philosophy,
not a religion.
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“Do not believe in anything simply because you have heard it. Do not believe in anything simply because it is spoken and rumored by many. Do not believe in anything simply because it is found written in your religious books. Do not believe in anything merely on the authority of your teachers and elders. Do not believe in traditions because they have been handed down for many generations. But after observation and analysis, when you find that anything agrees with reason and is conducive to the good and benefit of one and all, then accept it and live up to it.”
~ The Buddha ~
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The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other.
1. Right View
Right view is the beginning and the end of the path, it simply means to see and to understand things as they really are and to realise the Four Noble Truths. As such, right view is the cognitive aspect of wisdom. It means to see things through, to grasp the impermanent and imperfect nature of worldly objects and ideas, and to understand the law of karma and karmic conditioning. Right view is not necessarily an intellectual capacity, just as wisdom is not just a matter of intelligence. Instead, right view is attained, sustained, and enhanced through all capacities of mind. It begins with the intuitive insight that all beings are subject to suffering and it ends with complete understanding of the true nature of all things. Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.
2. Right Intention
While right view refers to the cognitive aspect of wisdom, right intention refers to the volitional aspect, i.e. the kind of mental energy that controls our actions. Right intention can be described best as commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement. Buddha distinguishes three types of right intentions: 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire, 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion, and 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.
3. Right Speech
Right speech is the first principle of ethical conduct in the eightfold path. Ethical conduct is viewed as a guideline to moral discipline, which supports the other principles of the path. This aspect is not self-sufficient, however, essential, because mental purification can only be achieved through the cultivation of ethical conduct. The importance of speech in the context of Buddhist ethics is obvious: words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start war or create peace. Buddha explained right speech as follows: 1. to abstain from false speech, especially not to tell deliberate lies and not to speak deceitfully, 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others, 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, and 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth. Positively phrased, this means to tell the truth, to speak friendly, warm, and gently and to talk only when necessary.
4. Right Action
The second ethical principle, right action, involves the body as natural means of expression, as it refers to deeds that involve bodily actions. Unwholesome actions lead to unsound states of mind, while wholesome actions lead to sound states of mind. Again, the principle is explained in terms of abstinence: right action means 1. to abstain from harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally or delinquently, 2. to abstain from taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud, deceitfulness, and dishonesty, and 3. to abstain from sexual misconduct. Positively formulated, right action means to act kindly and compassionately, to be honest, to respect the belongings of others, and to keep sexual relationships harmless to others. Further details regarding the concrete meaning of right action can be found in the Precepts.
5. Right Livelihood
Right livelihood means that one should earn one's living in a righteous way and that wealth should be gained legally and peacefully. The Buddha mentions four specific activities that harm other beings and that one should avoid for this reason: 1. dealing in weapons, 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), 3. working in meat production and butchery, and 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs. Furthermore any other occupation that would violate the principles of right speech and right action should be avoided.
6. Right Effort
Right effort can be seen as a prerequisite for the other principles of the path. Without effort, which is in itself an act of will, nothing can be achieved, whereas misguided effort distracts the mind from its task, and confusion will be the consequence. Mental energy is the force behind right effort; it can occur in either wholesome or unwholesome states. The same type of energy that fuels desire, envy, aggression, and violence can on the other side fuel self-discipline, honesty, benevolence, and kindness. Right effort is detailed in four types of endeavours that rank in ascending order of perfection: 1. to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states, 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen, and 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.
7. Right Mindfulness
Right mindfulness is the controlled and perfected faculty of cognition. It is the mental ability to see things as they are, with clear consciousness. Usually, the cognitive process begins with an impression induced by perception, or by a thought, but then it does not stay with the mere impression. Instead, we almost always conceptualise sense impressions and thoughts immediately. We interpret them and set them in relation to other thoughts and experiences, which naturally go beyond the facticity of the original impression. The mind then posits concepts, joins concepts into constructs, and weaves those constructs into complex interpretative schemes. All this happens only half consciously, and as a result we often see things obscured. Right mindfulness is anchored in clear perception and it penetrates impressions without getting carried away. Right mindfulness enables us to be aware of the process of conceptualisation in a way that we actively observe and control the way our thoughts go. Buddha accounted for this as the four foundations of mindfulness: 1. contemplation of the body, 2. contemplation of feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral), 3. contemplation of the state of mind, and 4. contemplation of the phenomena.
8. Right Concentration
The eighth principle of the path, right concentration, refers to the development of a mental force that occurs in natural consciousness, although at a relatively low level of intensity, namely concentration. Concentration in this context is described as one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object. Right concentration for the purpose of the eightfold path means wholesome concentration, i.e. concentration on wholesome thoughts and actions. The Buddhist method of choice to develop right concentration is through the practice of meditation. The meditating mind focuses on a selected object. It first directs itself onto it, then sustains concentration, and finally intensifies concentration step by step. Through this practice it becomes natural to apply elevated levels of concentration also in everyday situations.
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Lois Lowry wrote that she’s always been fascinated by memory and dreams because they are both completely our own. No one else has the same memories. No one has the same dreams.
Thought of Lowry when I accidentally ran into memories of a sweet vacation in Clearwater, Florida last summer.
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As for prejudice, I couldn’t care less. Paradox? - now that always keeps my curiosity peaked.
My public diary after all.
Become a psychedelic flower of the trance-human revolution, an anti-christ-establishment cult-ural phenomenon. Enjoy a cataclysmic decline in human cognition due to a dehumanized zombie like state of mindless conformity as you embrace your electronic slavery. Participate in the new social norms of deviant social evolution while in your brand new altered state of consciousness. The hypnotic patterns of synchronized antichrist frequencies producing rhythmic motor patterns in the absence of your sensory inputs will control you like a robot. How exhilarating!
Will you become a flower child of the Fourth Industrial Revolution? Will you be a budding flower of transhumanism—a bloom, a hybrid, a child of the Beast? Don’t forget your passport; grab your Digital ID and head toward the goal, toward the Mark. Immortality is waiting; it is waiting until Judgment Day, when you will receive your just reward of eternal punishment. Your pedals will be plucked off. You will wilt and fade away, no longer to be remembered. Your fragrance will smell of fire, your aroma of sulfur.
Revelation 20:15 “Anyone whose name was not found written in the book of life was thrown into the lake of fire.”
An Illusional Haiku
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The eyes of buddha;
what is it that they all see?
Life's an illusion.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
"See what is.
See what is not.
Follow the true way."
~ The Buddha ~
~ (0000 1110) ~
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The Noble Eightfold Path describes the way to the end of suffering, as it was laid out by Siddhartha Gautama. It is a practical guideline to ethical and mental development with the goal of freeing the individual from attachments and delusions; and it finally leads to understanding the truth about all things. Together with the Four Noble Truths it constitutes the gist of Buddhism. Great emphasis is put on the practical aspect, because it is only through practice that one can attain a higher level of existence and finally reach Nirvana. The eight aspects of the path are not to be understood as a sequence of single steps, instead they are highly interdependent principles that have to be seen in relationship with each other.
1. Right View
Right view is the beginning and the end of the path, it simply means to see and to understand things as they really are and to realise the Four Noble Truth. As such, right view is the cognitive aspect of wisdom. It means to see things through, to grasp the impermanent and imperfect nature of worldly objects and ideas, and to understand the law of karma and karmic conditioning. Right view is not necessarily an intellectual capacity, just as wisdom is not just a matter of intelligence. Instead, right view is attained, sustained, and enhanced through all capacities of mind. It begins with the intuitive insight that all beings are subject to suffering and it ends with complete understanding of the true nature of all things. Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.
2. Right Intention
While right view refers to the cognitive aspect of wisdom, right intention refers to the volitional aspect, i.e. the kind of mental energy that controls our actions. Right intention can be described best as commitment to ethical and mental self-improvement. Buddha distinguishes three types of right intentions: 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire, 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion, and 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.
3. Right Speech
Right speech is the first principle of ethical conduct in the eightfold path. Ethical conduct is viewed as a guideline to moral discipline, which supports the other principles of the path. This aspect is not self-sufficient, however, essential, because mental purification can only be achieved through the cultivation of ethical conduct. The importance of speech in the context of Buddhist ethics is obvious: words can break or save lives, make enemies or friends, start war or create peace. Buddha explained right speech as follows: 1. to abstain from false speech, especially not to tell deliberate lies and not to speak deceitfully, 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others, 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, and 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth. Positively phrased, this means to tell the truth, to speak friendly, warm, and gently and to talk only when necessary.
4. Right Action
The second ethical principle, right action, involves the body as natural means of expression, as it refers to deeds that involve bodily actions. Unwholesome actions lead to unsound states of mind, while wholesome actions lead to sound states of mind. Again, the principle is explained in terms of abstinence: right action means 1. to abstain from harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally or delinquently, 2. to abstain from taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud, deceitfulness, and dishonesty, and 3. to abstain from sexual misconduct. Positively formulated, right action means to act kindly and compassionately, to be honest, to respect the belongings of others, and to keep sexual relationships harmless to others. Further details regarding the concrete meaning of right action can be found in the Precepts.
5. Right Livelihood
Right livelihood means that one should earn one's living in a righteous way and that wealth should be gained legally and peacefully. The Buddha mentions four specific activities that harm other beings and that one should avoid for this reason: 1. dealing in weapons, 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), 3. working in meat production and butchery, and 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs. Furthermore any other occupation that would violate the principles of right speech and right action should be avoided.
6. Right Effort
Right effort can be seen as a prerequisite for the other principles of the path. Without effort, which is in itself an act of will, nothing can be achieved, whereas misguided effort distracts the mind from its task, and confusion will be the consequence. Mental energy is the force behind right effort; it can occur in either wholesome or unwholesome states. The same type of energy that fuels desire, envy, aggression, and violence can on the other side fuel self-discipline, honesty, benevolence, and kindness. Right effort is detailed in four types of endeavours that rank in ascending order of perfection: 1. to prevent the arising of unarisen unwholesome states, 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen, and 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.
7. Right Mindfulness
Right mindfulness is the controlled and perfected faculty of cognition. It is the mental ability to see things as they are, with clear consciousness. Usually, the cognitive process begins with an impression induced by perception, or by a thought, but then it does not stay with the mere impression. Instead, we almost always conceptualise sense impressions and thoughts immediately. We interpret them and set them in relation to other thoughts and experiences, which naturally go beyond the facticity of the original impression. The mind then posits concepts, joins concepts into constructs, and weaves those constructs into complex interpretative schemes. All this happens only half consciously, and as a result we often see things obscured. Right mindfulness is anchored in clear perception and it penetrates impressions without getting carried away. Right mindfulness enables us to be aware of the process of conceptualisation in a way that we actively observe and control the way our thoughts go. Buddha accounted for this as the four foundations of mindfulness: 1. contemplation of the body, 2. contemplation of feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral), 3. contemplation of the state of mind, and 4. contemplation of the phenomena.
8. Right Concentration
The eighth principle of the path, right concentration, refers to the development of a mental force that occurs in natural consciousness, although at a relatively low level of intensity, namely concentration. Concentration in this context is described as one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object. Right concentration for the purpose of the eightfold path means wholesome concentration, i.e. concentration on wholesome thoughts and actions. The Buddhist method of choice to develop right concentration is through the practice of meditation. The meditating mind focuses on a selected object. It first directs itself onto it, then sustains concentration, and finally intensifies concentration step by step. Through this practice it becomes natural to apply elevated levels of concentration also in everyday situations.
Current Most Interesting Pictures
Terence McKenna and Carlos Castaneda, though writing from very different disciplines, both engaged in the use of psychotropic plants during their respective researches in South America and the Southern United States and Mexico, respectively.
During their infamous "reality"-transcending journeys, guided by shamans, both came into contact with the nature spirits that inhabit or animate various types of plants. Both writers claimed to have made forms of contact and were able to understand what was being conveyed to them by these intelligent, botanical entities. One thing was clear in both cases - these forms of intelligence were expressly not human but had a high degree of cognition that we in our "normal" world entirely miss.
Here a hypothetical plant spirit meets the viewer face to face. By altering the reality of a photograph of lillies a face appears and with it some kind of twinge of recognition. Maybe it's an analogue for the altering of consciousness by shamanic means. In either or any case, adjusting our way of seeing brings worlds we know little of into focus.
Music Link: Jorge Reyes - "La Danza de la Culebra", from his album " El Camino Del Jaguar". World renowned, Mexican composer, Reyes, has often created music he calls "pre-hispanic" looking at his country's pre-conquest past for inspiration. The Aztecs, Toltecs, Olmecs and the Maya were but some of the great civilizations that flourished in Mexico before conquistadors laid it almost utterly to waste ... one of the of the greatest losses in all of history, like the burning of the Library of Alexandria. I chose Senor Reyes' music for it's shamanic, pre-conquest feeling, to go with my shamanic allusion.
www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGNvD8MJBD4
View Large on Black.
Found this while cleaning out my archives. It's actually my preferred take taken from a shoot from Skin City Body painting that I'd previously shared a couple of years ago. The model is Sydney, the painting and body painting are by Micah D Murray. Skin City are the famous Vegas based body art company led by Robin Slonina, who you may know from the TV series "Skin Wars'. If interested, I have also just published a new blog on Innovation excellence on the importance of embodied cognition on Innovation innovationexcellence.com/blog/2018/09/03/innovating-for-m...
I spotted this sign on a mechanic's service truck with a utility body. The company advocates we, "think 24/7." Doesn't leave much time for sleep, does it?
Supervisor: "Why did the accident occur?"
Worker: "I was sleepy after thinking all night last night — per company instructions."
I'm trying to think — but nothing happens!
— Larry (character) during an episode of the Three Stooges
Please do not copy this image.
Journalism Grade Image.
Source: 4,200x2,800 16-bit TIF file.
Instinctual Behavior shapes the Beast, conduct and cognition shape the Man .... Quotes by Patricia Bechthold
"Robert The Bruce of Scots " 1316- 1329
Created for Kreative People Treat This 30: www.flickr.com/groups/1752359@N21/discuss/72157644104730233/
Source image provided by etva101: www.flickr.com/photos/61357175@N08/13917296375/
"Witches, like saints, are solitary stars that shine with a light of their own; they depend on nothing and no one, which is why they have no fear and plunge blindly into the abyss with the assurance that instead of crashing to earth, they will fly back out. They can change into birds and see the world from above, or worms to see it from within, they can inhabit other dimensions and travel to other galaxies, they are navigators on an infinite ocean of consciousness and cognition." (Isabel Allende)
Autumn 2018
Website | Facebook | Twitter | Instagram | Tumblr | 500px | Poetry
Falsifying Lines.
Magno discordes cognitiones illae rationes notitia introducendis sensibilis entia idealia discussing statim consciousness,
oczywiste rozróżnienia analizujące pojęcia integrujące intelektualną koncepcję pojmowania słownictwa,
presupone actividades sustanciales que diferencian desintegraciones opuestas de la filosofía determinismo sin causa,
τελική ιεραρχία ολοκληρωτή αντιληπτική γνώση λογική ανεξαρτησία επιστημολογικές ενδείξεις μακροσκοπικές περιπτώσεις,
formátování definic koncepty permutace kombinace základy věty axiomy objevu učení měření,
formulare le basi imponenti dell'apprendimento obiezioni esternalità oppositori importanti risultati opposti,
ionchorprú coincréiteacha foirmeacha ullmhóidí nádúrtha ainmniúcháin intinne teoiricí intinn,
意識的存在概念的認知処理満足度方法論的結論客観性とらえどころのない制御哲学知識.
Steve.D.Hammond.
Slime mold visiting the oatmeal forest.
www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/slime-mold-smart-brainless-...
George Orwell: “If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face—for ever.”
Let’s manipulate information and control behavior. Let’s alter thoughts and behavior. Let’s manipulate brain function. Let’s use nanotechnology, biotechnology, artificial intelligence, and big data to alter the cognition of humanity. We will not only attack what they think, but also the way they think—the very way their brains processes information. We will influence their decision-making, we will change their behavior.
It’s a war on the brain and the way it functions. Indeed, the human mind is the new battlefield. Psychological operations…psychological warfare…cognitive warfare…yet the war isn’t really for your mind, but for your soul—for your eternity.
The boot: satan’s plan for humanity. It will step on your mind, it will crush your soul. It will hold you down, it will oppress you. If you take the Mark, it will stamp on your face for ever.
A technocratic dystopia, a digital gulag is coming for you. Take the microchip, become a human hybrid—owned by patent, easily controlled. Transhumanism: the dawning of a new era. A dystopian nightmare of Biblical proportions!
Jeremiah 25:31 “His cry of judgment will reach the ends of the earth, for the LORD will bring his case against all the nations. He will judge all the people of the earth, slaughtering the wicked with the sword. I, the LORD, have spoken!”
The structural fabric of the town hall dates back to 1560 and was changed after the city had been elevated to a royal free-trade zone in 1648.
The architectural basis is thought to go back to early renaissance. The diamond-shaped ashlar of the portal points to this era, too.
The one-storey building with a broad front featuring two round oriels on the sides and a rectangular oriel in the centre has been refurbished during the baroque; a massive attic has been built on top of it during the same period.
The murals discovered in 1926 probably also go back to the early renaissance period and have been adapted to fit the baroque tastes later on.
In 1949 Rudolf Holzinger repainted them by closely sticking to old patterns. He also completed the missing pictures.
The allegorical paintings of women represent the cardinal virtues Fides (faith), Spes (hope), Charitas (charity), as well as Justitia (justice), Sapientia (wisdom), Fortitudo (strength) and Temperantia (moderation).
To the right of the centre oriel there are biblical scenes:
Solomon's judgement (allegory of judicial wisdom)
Judith and Holofernes (allegory of love to one's birthplace)
Solomon and the Queen of Sheba (renunciation of dignity for the sake of wisdom and cognition).
The rectangular oriel holds a sundial and the coat of arms of the city of Eisenstadt.
Art for Fun by Mrs HappyFace
Instinctual Behavior shapes the Beast: Conduct and Cognition shape the Man..
Quotes On Making Choices
Mrs Happy Face
Draw a line in the sand and see where it takes you, or you take it, because the nice thing about drawing lines is they follow you wherever you are willing to go. They are sort of like the tail for your imagination. Or maybe that could also be tale.
It's time for realization: The World Wide Web was transformed from a well of knowledge and cognition into a pool of stupidity and disinformation!
Facts are always unique, alternative facts are nothing but self-serving lies!
Spinnennacht
Zeit für Erkenntnis: Das W.W.W. wurde von einem Brunnen des Wissens und der Erkenntnis zu einem Pfuhl der Dummheit und Desinformation!
Fakten sind immer einzigartig, alternative Fakten sind nichts anderes als eigennützige Lügen!
An art crtic, John Grande
came to see my show and wrote this about me:
Roger Guetta: Everyday Magic
Re-working the real to uncover a hidden universe that is there for anyone to discover if they remain open to the world we live in, Roger Guetta captures something of the avant-garde spirit. His aesthetics are based on the play of and with the image. For Guetta, images are like phrases or words. The act of layering and reassembling that is an essential part of the artist’s process is like writing with images. But before that Guetta is a hunter gatherer of imagery, selecting and searching materials, objects and images from a range of sources, whether Village des Valeurs, a forest, a beautiful model, or that forest of signs that is our urban reality, all the intensity of microscopic details of our world. The journey Roger Guetta is on involves capturing visual cues and details. He then uses them in the layering, cropping, enhancing that take place in the final stages of his process. In this sense the process of formulating images in the multi-layering is like a form of cognition. The image is no longer an icon but instead a place to visit, where we can find points of experience that exist as a fulcrum for the moment, many moments, a sequence where images are used to build textures of visuality. As intuitive visual investigations of the essential mysteries of life, Guetta provides us with a variety of points of perception within a single image. Like visual texts these photographs inspire each of us to build a meaning into what we see out of the common references drawn from the everyday we discover, uncover, recover, in the textures, colours, movement. Guetta draws from everyday life for sourcing in his imagery for a reason. It enables him to participate in life theatre, like an anthropologist of the present moment. The visual sourcings flower and explode out of a multiplicity, and that flow has no borders, and there is no evidence of cropping, or composition. Guetta condenses, compacts, and layers with great speed. As visual oracular testaments to that great gift of consciousness, we humans have. Guetta mines the unconscious as part of that dualistic process we are always dueling with. The speed of the action and decision-making in bridging imagery builds image depths we can read into. His photos are not maps, but instead pools with depths of interpretation born of the digital age. Roger Guetta uses techniques with an acute awareness of photography’s place within a full spectrum of visual processes from video, to web-based design, to commercial advertising, to televisual and multimedia.
Guetta intuitively understands what the visual image is and can be. While most of these works were produced over the past two years, Guetta produced a series in the 1970s and 1980s using an SX 70 Polaroid Land Camera that revealed the influence of Lucas Samarras. The polaroids were then re-photographed, re-coloured and enhanced to then be printed in a larger scale. The look of these images is Baroque, embroidered, unreal. . Titles form an integral part of the process for they provide a human point of contact with the image. A recent image The Ensemble Waiting for their Props have an 1980s feel. Inspired by the expressionist performance piece Place Of Thunder Guetta directed in 1979, that included masks, drums, a body, and an audience participation that added to the shock effect of the production, this image speaks of presence and absence, of prop scenarios and the theatre of the absurd. In The First Critical Theorist Criticizing his Second Critical Theory, Guetta references irony using the everyday, integrating a solemn copper body image amid a textural, hieroglyphic collagist splay of visual devices to build a resonance, an immediate concrete illusionism. Strong Presence in Association to the Event is a real-time chronicle of illusionism, with a set of eyes disguised under a mask of material, gold leaf and white atmospheric effects; this is an image that reifies our sense of the hidden gesture. The mystery unlocks another mystery….
Guetta’s photos engage us with their pulls, the turns, the facility with which he uses imagery as a painter would paint. The Photoshop of the digital era, enables effects to be achieved that the Surrealists once used with their paintings to explore the unconscious. In our times ‘reality’ itself is surreal, for the contexts, object elements, even nature are transformed seemingly endlessly, and so ‘original context’ is no longer what the artist works with. Imagery becomes a statement about a world in flux. Man Ray, Raoul Hausmann, and John Heartfield’s experiments with collage and montage developed a creative language of association that was expressionist. In the same way Guetta’s photoworks reference memory, imagination, sex, love, and life using imagery of the everyday, and with atmospheres of imagery that build and coalesce. Sometimes, the multi-sensory aesthetic is close to the aesthetic of contemporary Japanese photography.
Writing with visual layers is evocative, beautiful, and even classical when it comes to the portraits, the faces. Others metamorphose, and like embryonic mysteries, break open to reveal multiple facets, but not as fragments. Instead the nudes, and figures, and abstract lights effects establish continuity between the various elements. They become narratives on the sublime, and the imagery is a vehicle towards expressing more universal and spiritual interests. So Guetta builds earth dreams, in a temporal way, while referencing the full range of new technologies, and with an accent that tends towards the sensual whether in earth tones or vibrant colours. We see this in Old School Ride, an image of a 1950s car. Red Burn with its vibrant red and yellow effects is so evocative. The process involved exposing theatre gel on paper to the heat of photo lamps, whereby he colours melted somewhat, to then be stretched. Finally Guetta photographs his experiment and it becomes an abstract study.
Sometimes, the images are spliced together from various sources, and they can express an intuitive, almost sublime sense of the mystery of the everyday, for it is the commonality of the associations in these photoworks, and the strange truly unusual juxtaposition of light effects, colour, textures, and visual imagery. There is always a suggestion of abstraction even when the images are readable, for they are all abstractions from a supposed reality. Guetta has made a series of white on white images that are like worlds within worlds, total constructions, or constructions of a totality that is fleeting, ephemeral, interpretive. As cosmologies they still derive from the so-called real world and an infinity of effects we read into, and build meanings out of our experience. Our experience is every day, every way, always going on, and the filters do their work unperceived. Sometimes we recognize the effects, othertimes we search. The search continues….
And there is another aspect to what Guetta seeks to discover in the imperceptible recognizable, and the merging of it all. That something is the language of commercial advertising that invades our reality in vast volumes daily. Commercial is the most volatile and creative tank of endeavor, particularly as it applies to the visual image Each photo looks like it is captured from within a momentary flux of images, as if nothing were solid, or permanent Instead we feel the ephemeral ever changing sense of life and what it truly means as we experience it. For there are no clues, no ultimate reasons, just a series of visual cues and codices. Guetta interlaces these so as to present a scenario, but not as in theatre, or a plot, more like the way Joseph Cornell will arrange his elements in a magic box assemblage, taking the ordinary to create a near surreal reality, and making what seems unreal so real. We see this in The 7th Way to Cross a River. Juxtaposing a tiny doll manikin with a zig zag abstract surface pattern, this becomes a universal magical mystery. Guetta dances on the end of a rainbow, slides along its colourful arch. As a photographer he is eclectic, and has a very broad range of styles that he can apply. We live in an era when a multitude of styles are available as source from the photographer. Roger Guetta understands all this intuitively.
John Grande
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Photo taken at central Sri Lanka on the busy Dambulla to Habarana A6 road. The forest on either side is home to elephants. This elephant hopes to slow down the traffic, hoping some people will throw food at him. He has no intention of crossing the road. Elephants are among the most intelligent animals. A few adult elephants frequent this road through a nearby forest track, several times a day.
In the past, passers by have sometimes thrown food at them and these elephants have learnt to get treats from the public.
The elephants can stay on the road, as this one does for any length of time, sometimes threatening to cross over to the other side, causing traffic holdups. All vehicles slow down and some two and three wheelers are extra cautious, in case the elephant charges at them. Passers by especially tourists stop to take photos from a safe distance. With no one stopping, the elephant tries to move forward more to block the lane.
The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), also known as the Asiatic elephant, is a species of elephant distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, from India in the west to Borneo in the east, and Nepal in the north to Sumatra in the south. Three subspecies are recognised—E. m. maximus, E. m. indicus and E. m. sumatranus. The Asian elephant is characterised by its long trunk with a single finger-like processing; large tusks in males; laterally folded large ears but smaller in contrast to African elephants; and wrinkled grey skin. The skin is smoother than African elephants and may be depigmented on the trunk, ears or neck. Adult males average 4 tonnes (4.4 short tons) in weight, and females 2.7 t (3.0 short tons).
Three subspecies are recognised:
-Sri Lankan elephant (E. maximus maximus Linnaeus, 1758)
- Indian elephant (E. maximus indicus Cuvier, 1798)
-Sumatran elephant (E. maximus sumatranus Temminck, 1847)
Sri Lankan elephants are the largest subspecies. Their skin colour is darker than of E. m. indicus and of E. m. sumatranus with larger and more distinct patches of depigmentation on ears, face, trunk and belly. The skin color of the Indian elephant is generally grey and lighter than that of E. m. maximus but darker than that of E. m. sumatranus.
The Asian Elephant is one of only three living species of elephants in the world, the others being the African bush elephant and African forest elephant
It frequently inhabits grasslands, evergreen forests, deciduous forests, and thorn forests.
They are herbivorous, eating about 150 kg (330 lb) of vegetation per day. Cows and calves form groups, while males remain solitary or form "bachelor groups" with other males. During the breeding season, males will temporarily join female groups to mate.
They exhibit mirror self-recognition, an indication of self-awareness and cognition that has also been demonstrated in some apes and dolphins. S_2194