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So the lappy can be used for something other than Facebook! Who would have thunk it? ;)

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based historical facts. BEWARE!

  

Some background:

Following the RLM’s selection of the Bf 109 as its next single-seat fighter (beating Heinkel’s He 112, based on a tactical requirement dating back to 1933), Ernst Heinkel became interested in a new fighter that would leap beyond the performance of the Bf 109 as much as the Bf 109 had over the biplanes it replaced. Other German designers had similar ambitions, including Kurt Tank at Focke-Wulf. There was never an official project on the part of the RLM, but new designs were important enough to fund projects from both companies to provide "super-pursuit" designs for evaluation. This would result in the single-engined He 100 fighter, and the promising twin-engine Fw 187 Falke Zerstörer-style heavy fighter.

 

The He 100 was a radical, new approach with the aim of ultimate performance in a simple airframe. Walter Günter, one half of the famous Günter brothers, looked at the existing He 112, which had competed against the Bf 109 in 1936 and already been heavily revised into the He 112B version. Looking at the aircraft’s potential he decided it had reached the end of its evolution. So he started over with a completely new design, called "Projekt 1035".

 

Learning from past mistakes on the 112 project, the design was to be as easy to build as possible, yet 700 km/h (440 mph) was a design goal. To ease production, the new design had considerably fewer parts than the 112 and those that remained contained fewer compound curves. In comparison, the 112 had 2,885 parts and 26,864 rivets, while the P.1035 was made of 969 unique parts with 11.543 rivets. The new straight-edged wing was a source of much of the savings; after building the first wings, Otto Butter reported that the reduction in complexity and rivet count (along with the Butter brothers' own explosive rivet system) saved an astonishing 1.150 man hours per wing.

 

The super-pursuit type was not a secret, but Ernst Heinkel preferred to work in private and publicly display his products only after they were developed sufficiently to make a stunning first impression. As an example of this, the mock-up for the extremely modern-looking He 100 was the subject of company Memo No.3657 on 31 January that stated: "The mock-up is to be completed by us... as of the beginning of May... and be ready to present to the RLM... and prior to that no one at the RLM is to know of the existence of the mock-up."

 

In order to get the promised performance out of the aircraft, the design included a number of drag-reducing features. On the simple end were a well-faired cockpit and the absence of struts and other drag-inducing supports on the tail. The landing gear (including the tail wheel) was retractable and completely enclosed in flight.

 

The He 100 was based on the DB 601 power plant, the same engine as the Bf 109 (and also used in the Bf 110 heavy fighter). In order to achieve the designed performance increase, drag reduced as well as weight and frontal area: the engine was mounted directly to the forward fuselage, which was strengthened and literally tailored to the DB 601, as opposed to conventional mounting on engine bearers. The cowling was very tight-fitting, and as a result the aircraft had something of a slab-sided appearance.

 

Walter turned to the somewhat risky and still experimental method of cooling the engine via evaporative cooling. Such systems had been in vogue in several countries at the time. Heinkel and the Günter brothers were avid proponents of the technology, and had previously used it on the He 119, with promising results. Evaporative or "steam" cooling promised a completely drag-free cooling system. The DB 601 was a pressure-cooled engine in that the water/glycol coolant was kept in liquid form by pressure, even though its temperature was allowed to exceed the normal boiling point. Heinkel's system took advantage of that fact and the cooling energy loss associated with the phase change of the coolant as it boils.

 

Beyond the technical risk of the cooling system, the engine itself became a problem: the production priority for Messerschmitt aircraft caused a serious shortage of advanced aero engines in Germany during the late 1930s, as there was insufficient capacity to support another aircraft using the same engines. The only available alternate engine was the Junkers Jumo 211, and Heinkel was encouraged to consider its use in the He 100. However, the early Jumo 211 then available did not use a pressurized cooling system, and it was therefore not suitable for the He 100's innovative evaporative cooling system. Furthermore, a Jumo 211-powered He 100 would not have been able to outperform the contemporary DB 601-powered Bf 109 because the supercharger on the early Jumo 211 was not fully shrouded.

 

In order to provide as much power as possible from the DB 601, the 100 used exhaust ejectors for a small amount of additional thrust. The supercharger inlet was moved from the normal position on the side of the cowling to a location in the leading edge of the left wing. Although cleaner-looking, the long, curved induction pipe most probably negated any benefit.

 

One aspect of the original Projekt 1035 was the intent to capture the absolute speed record for Heinkel and Germany. Both Messerschmitt and Heinkel vied for this record before the war. Messerschmitt ultimately won that battle with the first prototype of the Me 209, but the He 100 briefly held the record when Heinkel test pilot Hans Dieterle flew the eighth prototype to 746.606 km/h (463.919 mph) on 30 March 1939.

The third and eighth prototypes were specially modified for speed, with unique outer wing panels of reduced span. The third prototype crashed during testing. The record flight was made using a special version of the DB 601 engine that offered 2,010 kW (2,700 hp) and had a service life of just 30 minutes.

 

Despite all these successes, the He 100 did not catch up immediately: it took until 1941 that series production was started - or better: allowed. The reason for this delay is subject to debate. Officially, the Luftwaffe rejected the He 100 for years to concentrate single-seat fighter development on the Messerschmitt Bf 109, despite its shortcomings. Following the adoption of the Bf 109 and Bf 110 as the Luftwaffe's standard fighter types, the RLM also announced a "rationalization" policy that placed fighter development at Messerschmitt and bomber development at Heinkel.

 

Based on the "D" model, which was a refined version of the prototypes and pre-production aircraft, the "G" model became the final evolution of the He 100 and was in late 1943 finally put into service as a pure interceptor, when massive Allied bomber raids started to threaten Germany.

The He 100 G had the D's enlarged horizontal stabilizer, but the big change was the eventual abandonment of the surface cooling system, which proved to be too complex and failure-prone. Instead a larger and simpler version of the D’s retractable radiator was installed, and this appeared to completely cure the vaporization system problems with only a little sacrifice in top speed and rate of climb. The radiator was inserted in a "plug" below the cockpit, and as a result the wings were widened slightly.

 

Armament was also improved: the engine-mounted 20mm MG FF Motorkanone (firing through the propeller hub) was replaced by the new, very powerful and compact MK 108 30mm cannon. The original pair of 7.92mm MG 17 machine guns in the wing roots (synchronized to fire through the propeller disc) was replaced by a pair of more powerful 13mm MG 131 machine guns, necessitating characteristic bulges on the wings’ upper surface – the MG 131s were placed behind the landing gear wells, their barrels running through them.

 

This initial G-1 type was soon followed by the G-2 variant, which featured a new canopy with a lowered spine, offering a much better all-round view. The first He 100 G-2s were delivered in early 1944, and many of these aircraft had additional weapons installed, e. g. a pair of 20mm MG 151/20 machine cannons in the outer wings – the “leftover” internal space from the defunct vaporization cooler system was effectively recycled . From late 1944 on, these machines were also outfitted with the more powerful DB 601E engine, even though there was no dedicated designation of this version.

 

While the aircraft didn't match its original design goal of 700 km/h (430 mph) once it was loaded down with weapons, and despite the larger canopy and the external radiator, it was still capable of sustained speeds in the 644 km/h (400 mph) range. Additionally, the low drag airframe proved to be good for both speed and range: as a result the He 100 had a combat range between 900 and 1.000 km (560 to 620 mi) compared to the Bf 109's 600 km (370 mi). While not in the same league as the later escort fighters, this was at the time a superb range and might have offset the need for the Bf 110 to some degree.

 

The He 100 only filled a niche role, though, and the Bf 109 and Fw 190 became the backbone of the Jagdwaffe (Fighter Force). The He 100 did not prove flexible enough to be used in different roles, as its external ordnance load was very limited. In spite of its successes in the interceptor role and the fact that it was well liked by its pilots, the He 100 never was able to rival both Bf 109 and also the later Fw 190. Production numbers remained low, only a total of about 300 aircraft were built (50 G-1 and 250 G-2, 150 of them powered by the DB 601E) until early 1945, when production ceased and was switched to other types, including jet and rocket fighters.

  

General characteristics:

Crew: One (pilot)

Length: 8.2 m (26 ft 11 in)

Wingspan: 9.4 m (30 ft 10 in)

Height: 3.6 m (11 ft 10 in)

Wing area: 14.6 m2 (157 sq ft)

Empty weight: 1,810 kg (3,990 lb)

Max takeoff weight: 2,500 kg (5,512 lb)

 

Powerplant:

1× Daimler-Benz DB 601E supercharged V12 piston engine, rated at up to 1,350 PS (993 kW) at sea-level with 2,700 RPM and up to 1,450 PS (1,066 kW) at 2.1 km altitude with 2,700 rpm

 

Performance:

Maximum speed: 685km/h (425 mph; 378 kn)

Cruising speed: 552 km/h (343 mph; 298 kn)

Range: 1,010 km (628 mi; 545 nmi)

Service ceiling: 11,000 m (36,089 ft)

Time to altitude: 2.2 minutes to 2,000 meters (6,600 ft), 7.9 minutes to 6,000 meters (20,000 ft)

 

Armament:

1x 30mm MK 108 cannon, firing through the propeller hub

2x 13mm MG 131 machine guns or 20mm MG 151/20 machine cannons in the wing roots

2x hardpoints under the wings, each able to carry up to 250kg (550lb), including bombs, drop tanks or unguided missiles; optional placement of additional guns (e .g. 2x MG 131 or 2x MG 151/20) in this position instead of external stores

  

The kit and its assembly:

This one is a kind of tribute work, dedicated to fellow user Franclab at flickr.com from Canada who came up with a profile of/for this model as a reaction to my He 100 Reno Racer conversion (The orange "Jägermeister"):

 

[http://www.flickr.com/photos/franclab/9485705184/]

 

It's a fantasy aircraft, as the He 100 did not enter service and production was stopped after about 20 aircraft. But I liked Franclab's realistic and colorful profile, and only at second glance it reveals a twist: a sliding canopy from a Fw 190 instead of the Bf 109-like original. A nice challenge for a whif kit conversion!

 

Said and done, I tried to create a 1:72 scale model from/for that profile. The basic kit is the Special Hobby He 100, mostly built OOB. It is a very good model, with fine recessed panel lines and some PE parts, and the recent re-issue with Russian and Japanese markings let the prices drop.

 

What outwardly looks simple - the implantation of a Fw 190 canopy - became more tricky than expected. The He 100 is small! It’s much smaller and slender than the Fw 190, which itself is not a big bird. I had a complete spare glazing sprue from an Italeri Fw 190 D-9 in store which I tried to install, and after some trials the front window ended up steeper than on a Fw 190.

The sliding canopy is actually shorter and higher than on Franclab's sketch (doing mash-ups in Photoshop is probably much easier than in real life!), so I had to improvise and re-sculpt the rear fuselage step by step. As a consequence, the new glazing looks rather "bubbletop"-like and tall, reminiscent of a P-51D? It took some serious surgery (including some implanted styrene wedges under clear parts) and putty work to integrate the Fw 190 parts. While I was successfully able to blend these into the He 100 fuselage, the result still looks a bit odd?

 

Other, less obvious kit mods are a metal axis for the propeller and an added pair of guns in the outer wings, taking up Franclab's idea of heavier armament (which the original He 100 did not feature). The cannon nozzles are hollow steel needles of different diameter, those in the wing root even run through the landing gear wells. A pilot figure was added, too (from a HUMA kit).

  

Painting and markings:

Well, the profile was the benchmark, and I tried to stay true to it. It looks like a typical Fw 190 paint scheme from 1943 on. The grey/green upper color would be RLM 75/83, coupled with RLM65 on the lower side. The latter is a bit unlikely, as RLM 76 became the standard at that time. Still, it looks good, esp. with the rather light upper tones, so that's what I went for.

I used Model Master Authentic tones for the RLM 75/83/65 combo, and later some lighter Humbrol shades for a subtle counter-shading of panels and upper surfaces (e. g. with 140, 120 and 65). The yellow ID markings (typical for the Eastern Front) were painted with Revell 310, Lufthansa Gelb. It’s a RAL tone (RAL 1028), but matches RLM 04 very well.

 

The cockpit interior was painted in Schwarzgrau (RLM 66) and dry-brushed with lighter shades, the landing gear wells are in RLM 02 – everything very conventional, Fw 190s from late 1944 were the benchmark.

 

The black-white-black stripe on the real fuselage was created with decal strips, instead of trying to paint this delicate detail by hand. In contrast to that, the propeller spinner with the B/W spiral was done with a brush and “free hand”. The same goes for the unique mottling on the flanks and fin – this was also done with a brush, and partly with thinned paint in order to create a “washed” effect and blurred contours. The result looks O.K..

 

A dubious element in the profile is the "ace of spades" emblem under the canopy. The tactical stripe codes on the rear fuselage were introduced in 1943, and the BWB-marking correctly belongs to JG 4, which was preliminarily formed as I./JG 4 on August 7, 1942 in Mizil, Romania, from the Ölschutzstaffel/JG 77. It became a full home defense Geschwader much later, on June 15, 1944 in Ansbach - but the spade symbol actually belongs to JG 53. There have been cases that pilots decorated their aircraft with symbols from former units, though, so this small detail is not impossible – but unlikely and a bit controversial. In order to fit into the time frame, this He 100 would be one of the final I./JG 4 aircraft used to defend the Romanian refineries and oil fields - a suitable task for the aircraft.

Additionally, the red number and the absence of any other code symbol identifies the machine as part of the 2nd Gruppe of I./JG 4, everything is very plausible! Anyway, in September 1944 the Jagdgeschwader 4 was finally commanded back to German home territory, after heavy losses against B-24 interceptions, and re-grouped in the Reichsverteidigung.

 

In order to avoid logical conflicts I decided to replace the squadron emblem with a more generic “Ace of Spades” game card icon. I found it on a Fantasy Forge decal sheet for 28mm miniatures in the scrap box.

AFAIK, some JG 4 aircraft displayed the Geschwaderzeichen on the engine cowling, a blue escutcheon with a grey or silver knight’s helmet with a red (red-white) plume. This insignia was first used by II. Gruppe, but later also appeared on other JG 4 Gruppen aircraft.

 

National markings and the red "10" come from TL Modellbau sheets - a lucky and handy purchase, as I had these in store for the recent Wellesley conversion: I wanted to use the red letters for the tactical code, but had to drop this idea because the German letters have a black rim. Now they come in just with perfect timing, and the letters/digits are even in the right typo for Franclab's profile!

The warning stencils were taken from the original Special Hobby sheet.

 

After that, I did some additional detail painting with thinned Humbrol 224 (Dark Slate Gray) and light exhaust and soot stains were added with dry-brushed black. Finally, the kit received a thin coat with Revells’ Acrylic Matt Varnish.

  

All in all, a nice and quick project, even though I invested more work (and putty!) than expected or what is finally visible. It’s (relatively) colorful, and the light livery beyond the typical RLM 70/71/65 paint scheme of the early He 100 Ds suits the elegant aircraft very well. The Heinkel He 100 has some serious whif potential!

 

Merci bien à Franclab pour l’inspiration!

Craig Hughes was until recently, working solely as a photojournalist for the Herald Sun (HWT) but due to their increased demand for web content, he now wrangles this ultra portable HD DVCAM kit, which, when not residing in it's bullet proof Pelican roller case, is ensconced in the lightweight yet protective and durable Crumpler Dreadful Embarrassment 17" NoteBook bag and Crumpler Bucket BU-02A insert.

 

More detail here:

www.flickr.com/photos/bigbadbenny/1180201920/in/photostream/

www.flickr.com/photos/bigbadbenny/1179343259/in/photostream/

repairing a mixing desk. The main bus mix op-amp was blown, causing no output. A new NJM4580 chip cured the problem.

Soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, 15th Field Artillery Regiment, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division, spent a formal evening together near the St. Lawrence River during the battalion's Saint Barbara's Day Ball, June 13, 2019, in Alexandria Bay, New York. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Paige Behringer)

Soldiers of 1st Squadron, 89th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division returned to the U.S. following a nine month deployment, July 19, 2019, at Fort Drum, New York. Of the 2,000 Commando Soldiers to deploy last fall, the Wolverine battalion was the only element based out of Kosovo. The brigade supported an ongoing North Atlantic Treaty Organization peacekeeping mission and Operation Resolute Support in Kosovo and Afghanistan. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Paige Behringer)

A patient is delivered by helicopter to Berlin's Accident Hospital: More seriously wounded patients might survive if they were put into a state of suspended animation before they got transported

 

Medicine

 

Round-Trip Journeys to the Afterworld

 

By Jörg Blech

 

Researchers allow pigs and dogs to bleed to death, fill their bodies with cold saline solution, and then bring the dead animals back to life a few hours later. The ability to switch living beings off and then on again could revolutionize medicine -- especially treatment of bleeding victims or heart-attack patients.

 

First the heart begins to beat, and then the pig starts breathing. Finally, it stands up and looks curiously at the man in the lab coat standing outside its cage.

 

"This animal was dead for several hours," says Hasan Alam, 39, a surgeon at Boston's Massachusetts General Hospital. "But we brought it back. And now it's here again."

 

The same magic forces seem to be at work in the animal research facility of the General Hospital of the City of Vienna. Pigs are suddenly opening their eyes after their hearts were stopped with electric shocks and they lay dead for half an hour. "The miracle," says Wilhelm Behringer, 39, a physician specializing in emergency medicine, "is that the animals return to life without neurological damage."

 

In the last few years, the two research groups have sent a hundred pigs on round-trip journeys into the afterworld, using variations on the same trick in each case. The physicians flood the animals' bodies with several liters of a saline solution that's been cooled to about two degrees C (36° F). This puts the animals into a mysterious state of suspended animation that prevents the cells of their lifeless bodies from dying off. None of the animals feel pain, because the experiments are done under full anesthesia.

 

Until now, we've left it to science fiction writers to describe what it might be like to take a break from life and then return at some point in the future. Only in science fiction can an astronaut sink into a Rip van Winkle-like sleep that lasts centuries, only to wake up -- wrinkle-free -- in some distant time or galaxy. And only in science fiction can people with incurable diseases have themselves placed into suspended animation until science catches up and discovers a cure.

 

Dozens of people have felt such a tremendous yearning for a second life that they spent a lot of money to have their bodies frozen in liquid nitrogen after death. Awaiting resurrection, their heads and bodies float in tanks in Arizona and California operated by companies that specialize in this practice.

 

The spectacular animal experiments performed in Boston and Vienna make these utopias seem not quite so bizarre. The researchers don't talk in terms of years, but they're convinced -- for the first time -- that sending humans into an hours-long deathly sleep will be possible.

 

"It may sound futuristic, but we now have the ability to deliberately bring the body to a standstill," explains Hasan Alam, who recently moved his laboratory from Maryland to Massachusetts so that he could take advantage of fresh research funding to move ahead with his project.

 

Alam hasn't even unpacked his moving boxes yet. Instead, he prefers to sit in his corner office, wearing a dark blue suit, interviewing the kinds of ambitious doctors and scientists he needs to work on his project.

 

"We are preparing initial clinical trials with human beings," explains Alam. He isn't the only one conducting this kind of research. In hospitals in Pittsburgh, Baltimore, Los Angeles and Houston, other doctors are pursuing similar plans to essentially switch off the human body and then switch it on again. The data from these experiments will then be included in a joint analysis.

 

The candidates Professor Alam envisions for these trips to death and back are people who are admitted to emergency rooms with the most serious of gunshot wounds or injuries from accidents. Although their wounds may be relatively easy to suture, "surgeons need time," says Alam. He says that 19 of such patients out of 20 bleed to death before emergency doctors can finish their work.

 

But, as Alam and his associates hope, deliberately placing the dying bodies into a state of suspended animation can provide precious time needed to bring the victims to the hospital and perform surgery.

 

This is the scenario they envision: Instead of following the usual procedure of pumping banked blood into a trauma patient, emergency physicians allow the patient to bleed to death within minutes while recapturing the patient's blood. At the same time, the patient is quickly filled up with a cold saline solution. Only when his wounds have been sutured is the patient revived by returning his own warm blood to his veins and arteries.

 

The Boston group plans to try this procedure in human subjects within the next 12 to 18 months. Hasan Alam believes the relevant ethics commission will approve his request, because the first of these experiments would be performed on injured patients who normally couldn't be saved with conventional emergency medicine.

 

The idea that in certain situations it can be a good idea to refrigerate a human being goes back to Peter Safar, a doctor who was born in Vienna and died in 2003, at the age of 79. Safar was interested in developing a new method of emergency medical care for the US military. In the Vietnam War, many GIs suffered serious wounds in battle and lost so much blood that they went into cardiac arrest. But with a little more time, many could have been taken to field hospitals and stitched back together.

 

At the University of Pittsburgh, Safar sent dogs into a state he called "suspended animation." To do this, he allowed the dogs to bleed to death and then flushed ice-cold saline solution into their aortas through a tube (at a rate of one to two liters a minute). Within a few minutes, the dogs' body temperatures plunged to 10° C (50° F). The pallid canines were dead, at least according to the laws of medicine: no heartbeat, no breathing, no brain activity.

 

The dogs' blood was collected, kept warm, enriched with oxygen and later pumped back into their bodies. Then the white-haired professor used mild electric shocks to bring the lifeless creatures back to life. After Safar's death, his colleagues fine-tuned the process by adding tiny amounts of sugar to the cold saline solution. This, the Pittsburgh researchers announced in June, enables them to revive the dogs after as long as three hours.

In other experiments, scientists have already shown that the principle of suspended animation could revolutionize emergency medicine. Professor Behringer's research team in Vienna, for example, has focused its research efforts on saving people who collapse after a heart attack and then often die of cardiac failure. The Vienna researchers have replicated this process in animal experiments. Pigs are fully anesthetized and then given an electric shock to the chest, stopping the heart and replicating a heart attack.

 

After 15 minutes of complete cardiac arrest and 20 minutes of resuscitation using such conventional methods as heart compression massage, electroshocks and medication, the Viennese are able to revive very few of these pigs. And those that do make it end up having severe neurological damage.

 

The results are vastly superior when the researchers, before attempting resuscitation, flush three liters of saline solution into the main arteries of the lifeless pigs, thereby deliberately cooling down the brain and heart (in contrast to the experiments in Boston, these animals are not allowed to bleed to death). After a 20-minute waiting period -- simulating the time it might take to transport a trauma patient to a hospital emergency room -- the animals are connected to a heart-lung machine, reanimated, and then, using medication and ice cubes, kept in a recuperative state of semi-narcosis at a body temperature of 33° C (91.4° F) for 24 hours. Only then, says Behringer, are they "permitted to wake up again." Eighty-five percent of the pigs wake up, without significant consequential damage.

 

Hasan Alam's group, whose research is directed at saving people who would normally bleed to death, has reported similar results. In their experiments, the scientists used scalpels to inflict potentially fatal injuries on the pigs, then waited half an hour before beginning to suture the wounds. All the animals that received no cooling fluid died. Other pigs were quickly cooled from a body temperature of 37°C (98.6° F) to 10° C (50° F) in 28 minutes. Eighty-seven percent of these animals were saved with emergency surgery and revived after more than an hour.

 

The surviving pigs were given behavioral tests, which they passed with flying colors. They were able to find hidden raisins and apples just as effectively as normal control animals. Analyses of their brain tissue revealed that the pigs had survived their death-excursions without neurological damage.

 

All of this seems incompatible with the rules of biology. Until now it was considered incontrovertible that the brain will if it's deprived of oxygen for only a few minutes (four to five minutes in human beings). Heart cells and other tissue are also irreversibly destroyed if the oxygen supply drops below a critical level.

 

But it seems the shock of cold temperature can interrupt these processes. For every 10° C (18° F) drop in human body temperature, the metabolic rate drops by 50 percent. This reduction also slows down the process of dying, explains Hasan Alam. At a body temperature of 30°C (86° F), the brain can survive without oxygen for 20 minutes. Decrease the temperature to 10° C (50° F) and the brain can survive for as long as 90 to 120 minutes.

 

This phenomenon explains those legendary cases in which people have survived extremely long periods of oxygen deficiency. In the spring of 2000, for example, a three-year-old girl in a stroller rolled down an embankment and sank into the cold water of the Neckar River in southern Germany. The water temperature was 10° C (50° F). Even though the girl was under water for 45 minutes, emergency personnel were able to revive her. Scientists also know that heart attack patients' chances of survival increase when their bodies are cooled.

 

Researchers don't understand the details of why cold temperatures protect the body against death. They do know that metabolism continues in the body's cells for a short period of time after a person is already dead; but the remaining oxygen in the blood is no longer sufficient to produce energy. Instead, the cellular respiratory chain produces toxic free oxygen radicals at a higher rate than normal, killing the cells. In other words, the cellular metabolism continuing in a cell after death is in fact the cell's own downfall.

 

Apparently, the cool saline solution puts a stop to this process. First, the cold temperature dramatically reduces metabolic activity. Second, the solution completely flushes the blood and, along with it, the remaining oxygen out of the body tissue. There is nothing left to fuel the respiratory chain, and free radicals can no longer be produced to kill off the cells. The result? The body glides into a state of suspended animation.

 

Using the same logic, this sleep of death should also set in if cell respiration is interrupted by other means. This is precisely what 47-year-old cell biologist Mark Roth of the University of Washington in Seattle has demonstrated in a series of elegant experiments. To conduct the experiments, he used gases like carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide, which interfere in oxygen-consuming metabolic processes, binding to the same proteins and enzymes in the body and thus destroying cellular respiration.

 

When Roth administered a gaseous mixture of hydrogen sulfide and normal air to laboratory mice, the animals sank into an artificial hibernation. Their heart rates declined from 120 to 10 beats per minute. Their body temperatures dropped from 37° C (98.6° F) to as little as 15° C (59° F), which was slightly higher than the temperature in the room. After six hours, their metabolic rate had dropped by 90 percent. The resuscitation of these deep sleepers was remarkably simple. After being kept in fresh air and at normal room temperature, the mice woke up on their own and were as healthy as before. Roth plans to repeat his experiments with larger animals, and is ultimately aiming for human tests.

 

Just how long these excursions into the afterworld can be drawn out remains unknown. In any case, no one is likely to be booking trips to faraway galaxies anytime soon. It may be that the records achieved so far -- three hours in dogs and six hours in mice -- already represent the upper limit.

 

Freezing entire bodies in liquid nitrogen is not an alternative. In fact, scientists are now convinced that this approach is mistaken. Although human metabolism comes to an abrupt halt at -196° C (-320° F), ice crystals forming in the cells at this temperature destroy the tissue.

 

Of course, this discovery comes a bit late for those trusting souls who had their remains put to rest in nitrogen. "All those whose bodies were deliberately frozen," says Viennese physician and scientist Behringer, "will never be thawed and brought back to life."

 

Translated from the German by Christopher Sultan

 

STUDIO 01

 

AUDIO & VIDEO (Equipement)

 

● AKG K-271 Studio (Stereo Headphones)

● AKG K-271 MKII (Stereo Headphones)

● AKG PF 80 (anti-pop)

● ALTO S-8 Channel Mixing Console

● AUDIO-TECHNICA AT8615AII (Embase)

● AUDIO-TECHNICA PRO 49Q Quick-mount gooseneck (microphone)

● BEHRINGER C2 Micro

● BEHRINGER Powerplay Pro-XL HA4700

● BEHRINGER XENTX 802

● CALIFORNIA (Pupitre)

● CALIFORNIA (Stand)

● DAS DS-115

● DIGIDESIGN M-BOX 2 (Audio)

● DIGIDESIGN M-BOX 2 MICRO (Audio)

● ESAT-1 ampli

● FAR AV-6 (Monitors)

● FOCUSRITE OCTOPRE MKII

● K & M 231/1 stand

● M - AUDIO AXIOM 25

● MICRO TABLE STAND

● MILLENIUM MS-2002 stand

● NEUMANN TLM 103 Micro Studio-Set

● Perche

● PHILIPS KIT WIRELESS (2 casques)

● PIEZZO (Micro)

● QSC RMX 1450

● QUIK LOCK BS-342 (Stands)

● RYCOTE KIT 5

● RYCOTE MINI WINDJAMMER F. ZOOM H4N

● ROLAND MMP2

● SAMSON AUDIO S-Direct

● SAMSON AUDIO S-Phantom

● SAMSON TS50 - Speaker Stand

● SENNHEISER K6 + ME62 (Microphone) (Audio)

● SENNHEISER MD46 (Microphone) (Audio)

● SHURE Beta91

● SHURE PGX14E R1 Wireless Systems + Transmitter

● SHURE PGX2/SM58

● SHURE SM57LC

● SHURE SM86

● SHURE NTG-2 (Microphone semi-directionnel)

● SONY MDR-7506 (Stereo Headphones) (Audio)

● SOUNDTUBE FP6030-M

● SOUNDTUBE SA201

● STAGG SBL-15/16X4XH

● WHIRLWIND DCT-9 Digital cable test

● YAMAHA 01V96V2 (console de mixage numérique)

● YAMAHA HS50M (moniteurs)

● YAMAHA HS80M (moniteurs)

● ZOOM H-4

● ZOOM H-4 N

● ZOOM RC04

 

● ARRI Stand (Stand)

● BEBOB V75 5,0 Ah/14,8V LI-ION BATTERY

● BEBOB VS2 - 2 CHANNEL PARALLEL CHARGER WITH 75W DC-OUTPUT

● BILORA 1121-OK (Stand)

● CAMRADE CAMBAG CB 650 (Bag)

● CAMRADE CAMSUIT HPX370 (Cover)

● CANON XL1S CAM (Vidéo)

● CLICKTRONIC HDMI HIGH SPEED KABEL 3M

● CLICKTRONIC HDMI HIGH SPEED KABEL10M

● EMINENT AB7804 Video Splitter Platinum 4-port

● FILMGEAR FLO-BOX 48 K2 (Lighting Box)

● GOPRO Système 3D HERO

● GOPRO Caméra HD HERO2 11 MP

● GOPRO Pack studio SPORT HD Hero2

● GOPRO LCD BacPac

● GOPRO GTRA30

● LEXAR Compact Flash UDMA 32GB - 600x (Memory card)

● LOWEL SUPER AMBI KIT TORP-955 (Lighting Kit)

● LOWEL RIFA eX 44 (Lighting)

● LUXMEN X6 LEDPRO (Lighting)

● MANFROTTO FIG -RIG (Stand)

● MARSHALL V-LCD70XP-HDMI (7" Small Portable Field / Camera-Top LCD Monitor)

● MICRODOLLY - Hollywood Système Basic (Dolly)

● MURARO (Stand)

● PANASONIC AG-HPX371E P2 HD with FUJINON LENS XT17x4.5BRM-K14 (Cam)

● PANASONIC AG-HVX200 P2 HD DVCPRO (Cam)

● PANASONIC AG-MC200G (Microphone directionnel)

● PANASONIC AJ-PCD2 P2 (Card Reader)

● PANASONIC P2 64 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC P2 32 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC P2 16 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC CGA-D54S (Battery)

● PANASONIC PT-AX200E (Projector)

● PANASONIC BT-3DL2550 (3D LCD Monitor )

● PANASONIC HDC-Z10000 (3D Cam )

● PANASONIC PT-AT5000E (3D Projector )

● PANASONIC PT-AT5000E (Projector)

● PANASONIC ET-TRM110 (3D Infrared Transmitter)

● SACHTLER 1006 DV 10 SB

● SACHTLER 5586

● SACHTLER 7007

● SACHTLER 7004

● SACHTLER 9140 Bag

● SAMSUNG UE55C8700 LED (Téléviseur 3D)

● SAMSUNG BDC 6900 (Blu-ray, 3D)

● SCHNEIDER 0HD-75CVHVX (Lens)

● SONY HDR-HC1E DV CAM (Vidéo)

● TV LOGIC LVM-171WP (LCD Monitor)

● TV LOGIC LMV-071WSDHD + House + Batterie (LCD Monitor)

● TRE-D ENG 801 KIT 3 Vidéo (Lighting Kit)

● VINTEN Pro-10 DC (Tripod)

● TORCHE QGEAR-LED (Lighting)

  

Soldiers of 1st Squadron, 89th Cavalry Regiment, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division returned to the U.S. following a nine month deployment, July 19, 2019, at Fort Drum, New York. Of the 2,000 Commando Soldiers to deploy last fall, the Wolverine battalion was the only element based out of Kosovo. The brigade supported an ongoing North Atlantic Treaty Organization peacekeeping mission and Operation Resolute Support in Kosovo and Afghanistan. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Paige Behringer)

A frustrating day of pushing the Behringer more than ever before. Hopefully, I have mastered it!

hardware in photo:

behringer td-3

akai lpk 25

m-audio fasttrack (2006 model)

logitech multimedia speakers i bought at a thrift store

ikea/teenage engineering frekvens led

plant :)

Maj. Gen. Brian Mennes (right), the 10th Mountain Division commander, presents a coin to Spc. Christian Busto, a culinary service specialist assigned to 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment, to recognize him for helping other teams prepare for the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th MTN superhero themed Thanksgiving meal, November 26, 2019, at Fort Drum, New York. Culinary service Soldiers from across the Commando brigade spent weeks preparing for the special holiday meal. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Paige Behringer)

Tascam and Behringer stuff. Photo taken in 2005.

Soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, 15th Field Artillery Regiment, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division, spent a formal evening together near the St. Lawrence River during the battalion's Saint Barbara's Day Ball, June 13, 2019, in Alexandria Bay, New York. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Paige Behringer)

Considering the price, it's a great little mixer. I have done some home recordings via USB to my Netbook and some vinyl transfers too and it does the job quite well! The D/A converter and headphone section is better than the price would suggest.

Here is the old studio setup. dark and a bit musty.

An unplanned visit to the theatre.....

Behringer X-Touch controlling Obsidian Onyx, via ShowCockpit.

+++ DISCLAIMER +++

Nothing you see here is real, even though the conversion or the presented background story might be based historical facts. BEWARE!

  

Some background:

Following the RLM’s selection of the Bf 109 as its next single-seat fighter (beating Heinkel’s He 112, based on a tactical requirement dating back to 1933), Ernst Heinkel became interested in a new fighter that would leap beyond the performance of the Bf 109 as much as the Bf 109 had over the biplanes it replaced. Other German designers had similar ambitions, including Kurt Tank at Focke-Wulf. There was never an official project on the part of the RLM, but new designs were important enough to fund projects from both companies to provide "super-pursuit" designs for evaluation. This would result in the single-engined He 100 fighter, and the promising twin-engine Fw 187 Falke Zerstörer-style heavy fighter.

 

The He 100 was a radical, new approach with the aim of ultimate performance in a simple airframe. Walter Günter, one half of the famous Günter brothers, looked at the existing He 112, which had competed against the Bf 109 in 1936 and already been heavily revised into the He 112B version. Looking at the aircraft’s potential he decided it had reached the end of its evolution. So he started over with a completely new design, called "Projekt 1035".

 

Learning from past mistakes on the 112 project, the design was to be as easy to build as possible, yet 700 km/h (440 mph) was a design goal. To ease production, the new design had considerably fewer parts than the 112 and those that remained contained fewer compound curves. In comparison, the 112 had 2,885 parts and 26,864 rivets, while the P.1035 was made of 969 unique parts with 11.543 rivets. The new straight-edged wing was a source of much of the savings; after building the first wings, Otto Butter reported that the reduction in complexity and rivet count (along with the Butter brothers' own explosive rivet system) saved an astonishing 1.150 man hours per wing.

 

The super-pursuit type was not a secret, but Ernst Heinkel preferred to work in private and publicly display his products only after they were developed sufficiently to make a stunning first impression. As an example of this, the mock-up for the extremely modern-looking He 100 was the subject of company Memo No.3657 on 31 January that stated: "The mock-up is to be completed by us... as of the beginning of May... and be ready to present to the RLM... and prior to that no one at the RLM is to know of the existence of the mock-up."

 

In order to get the promised performance out of the aircraft, the design included a number of drag-reducing features. On the simple end were a well-faired cockpit and the absence of struts and other drag-inducing supports on the tail. The landing gear (including the tail wheel) was retractable and completely enclosed in flight.

 

The He 100 was based on the DB 601 power plant, the same engine as the Bf 109 (and also used in the Bf 110 heavy fighter). In order to achieve the designed performance increase, drag reduced as well as weight and frontal area: the engine was mounted directly to the forward fuselage, which was strengthened and literally tailored to the DB 601, as opposed to conventional mounting on engine bearers. The cowling was very tight-fitting, and as a result the aircraft had something of a slab-sided appearance.

 

Walter turned to the somewhat risky and still experimental method of cooling the engine via evaporative cooling. Such systems had been in vogue in several countries at the time. Heinkel and the Günter brothers were avid proponents of the technology, and had previously used it on the He 119, with promising results. Evaporative or "steam" cooling promised a completely drag-free cooling system. The DB 601 was a pressure-cooled engine in that the water/glycol coolant was kept in liquid form by pressure, even though its temperature was allowed to exceed the normal boiling point. Heinkel's system took advantage of that fact and the cooling energy loss associated with the phase change of the coolant as it boils.

 

Beyond the technical risk of the cooling system, the engine itself became a problem: the production priority for Messerschmitt aircraft caused a serious shortage of advanced aero engines in Germany during the late 1930s, as there was insufficient capacity to support another aircraft using the same engines. The only available alternate engine was the Junkers Jumo 211, and Heinkel was encouraged to consider its use in the He 100. However, the early Jumo 211 then available did not use a pressurized cooling system, and it was therefore not suitable for the He 100's innovative evaporative cooling system. Furthermore, a Jumo 211-powered He 100 would not have been able to outperform the contemporary DB 601-powered Bf 109 because the supercharger on the early Jumo 211 was not fully shrouded.

 

In order to provide as much power as possible from the DB 601, the 100 used exhaust ejectors for a small amount of additional thrust. The supercharger inlet was moved from the normal position on the side of the cowling to a location in the leading edge of the left wing. Although cleaner-looking, the long, curved induction pipe most probably negated any benefit.

 

One aspect of the original Projekt 1035 was the intent to capture the absolute speed record for Heinkel and Germany. Both Messerschmitt and Heinkel vied for this record before the war. Messerschmitt ultimately won that battle with the first prototype of the Me 209, but the He 100 briefly held the record when Heinkel test pilot Hans Dieterle flew the eighth prototype to 746.606 km/h (463.919 mph) on 30 March 1939.

The third and eighth prototypes were specially modified for speed, with unique outer wing panels of reduced span. The third prototype crashed during testing. The record flight was made using a special version of the DB 601 engine that offered 2,010 kW (2,700 hp) and had a service life of just 30 minutes.

 

Despite all these successes, the He 100 did not catch up immediately: it took until 1941 that series production was started - or better: allowed. The reason for this delay is subject to debate. Officially, the Luftwaffe rejected the He 100 for years to concentrate single-seat fighter development on the Messerschmitt Bf 109, despite its shortcomings. Following the adoption of the Bf 109 and Bf 110 as the Luftwaffe's standard fighter types, the RLM also announced a "rationalization" policy that placed fighter development at Messerschmitt and bomber development at Heinkel.

 

Based on the "D" model, which was a refined version of the prototypes and pre-production aircraft, the "G" model became the final evolution of the He 100 and was in late 1943 finally put into service as a pure interceptor, when massive Allied bomber raids started to threaten Germany.

The He 100 G had the D's enlarged horizontal stabilizer, but the big change was the eventual abandonment of the surface cooling system, which proved to be too complex and failure-prone. Instead a larger and simpler version of the D’s retractable radiator was installed, and this appeared to completely cure the vaporization system problems with only a little sacrifice in top speed and rate of climb. The radiator was inserted in a "plug" below the cockpit, and as a result the wings were widened slightly.

 

Armament was also improved: the engine-mounted 20mm MG FF Motorkanone (firing through the propeller hub) was replaced by the new, very powerful and compact MK 108 30mm cannon. The original pair of 7.92mm MG 17 machine guns in the wing roots (synchronized to fire through the propeller disc) was replaced by a pair of more powerful 13mm MG 131 machine guns, necessitating characteristic bulges on the wings’ upper surface – the MG 131s were placed behind the landing gear wells, their barrels running through them.

 

This initial G-1 type was soon followed by the G-2 variant, which featured a new canopy with a lowered spine, offering a much better all-round view. The first He 100 G-2s were delivered in early 1944, and many of these aircraft had additional weapons installed, e. g. a pair of 20mm MG 151/20 machine cannons in the outer wings – the “leftover” internal space from the defunct vaporization cooler system was effectively recycled . From late 1944 on, these machines were also outfitted with the more powerful DB 601E engine, even though there was no dedicated designation of this version.

 

While the aircraft didn't match its original design goal of 700 km/h (430 mph) once it was loaded down with weapons, and despite the larger canopy and the external radiator, it was still capable of sustained speeds in the 644 km/h (400 mph) range. Additionally, the low drag airframe proved to be good for both speed and range: as a result the He 100 had a combat range between 900 and 1.000 km (560 to 620 mi) compared to the Bf 109's 600 km (370 mi). While not in the same league as the later escort fighters, this was at the time a superb range and might have offset the need for the Bf 110 to some degree.

 

The He 100 only filled a niche role, though, and the Bf 109 and Fw 190 became the backbone of the Jagdwaffe (Fighter Force). The He 100 did not prove flexible enough to be used in different roles, as its external ordnance load was very limited. In spite of its successes in the interceptor role and the fact that it was well liked by its pilots, the He 100 never was able to rival both Bf 109 and also the later Fw 190. Production numbers remained low, only a total of about 300 aircraft were built (50 G-1 and 250 G-2, 150 of them powered by the DB 601E) until early 1945, when production ceased and was switched to other types, including jet and rocket fighters.

  

General characteristics:

Crew: One (pilot)

Length: 8.2 m (26 ft 11 in)

Wingspan: 9.4 m (30 ft 10 in)

Height: 3.6 m (11 ft 10 in)

Wing area: 14.6 m2 (157 sq ft)

Empty weight: 1,810 kg (3,990 lb)

Max takeoff weight: 2,500 kg (5,512 lb)

 

Powerplant:

1× Daimler-Benz DB 601E supercharged V12 piston engine, rated at up to 1,350 PS (993 kW) at sea-level with 2,700 RPM and up to 1,450 PS (1,066 kW) at 2.1 km altitude with 2,700 rpm

 

Performance:

Maximum speed: 685km/h (425 mph; 378 kn)

Cruising speed: 552 km/h (343 mph; 298 kn)

Range: 1,010 km (628 mi; 545 nmi)

Service ceiling: 11,000 m (36,089 ft)

Time to altitude: 2.2 minutes to 2,000 meters (6,600 ft), 7.9 minutes to 6,000 meters (20,000 ft)

 

Armament:

1x 30mm MK 108 cannon, firing through the propeller hub

2x 13mm MG 131 machine guns or 20mm MG 151/20 machine cannons in the wing roots

2x hardpoints under the wings, each able to carry up to 250kg (550lb), including bombs, drop tanks or unguided missiles; optional placement of additional guns (e .g. 2x MG 131 or 2x MG 151/20) in this position instead of external stores

  

The kit and its assembly:

This one is a kind of tribute work, dedicated to fellow user Franclab at flickr.com from Canada who came up with a profile of/for this model as a reaction to my He 100 Reno Racer conversion (The orange "Jägermeister"):

 

[http://www.flickr.com/photos/franclab/9485705184/]

 

It's a fantasy aircraft, as the He 100 did not enter service and production was stopped after about 20 aircraft. But I liked Franclab's realistic and colorful profile, and only at second glance it reveals a twist: a sliding canopy from a Fw 190 instead of the Bf 109-like original. A nice challenge for a whif kit conversion!

 

Said and done, I tried to create a 1:72 scale model from/for that profile. The basic kit is the Special Hobby He 100, mostly built OOB. It is a very good model, with fine recessed panel lines and some PE parts, and the recent re-issue with Russian and Japanese markings let the prices drop.

 

What outwardly looks simple - the implantation of a Fw 190 canopy - became more tricky than expected. The He 100 is small! It’s much smaller and slender than the Fw 190, which itself is not a big bird. I had a complete spare glazing sprue from an Italeri Fw 190 D-9 in store which I tried to install, and after some trials the front window ended up steeper than on a Fw 190.

The sliding canopy is actually shorter and higher than on Franclab's sketch (doing mash-ups in Photoshop is probably much easier than in real life!), so I had to improvise and re-sculpt the rear fuselage step by step. As a consequence, the new glazing looks rather "bubbletop"-like and tall, reminiscent of a P-51D? It took some serious surgery (including some implanted styrene wedges under clear parts) and putty work to integrate the Fw 190 parts. While I was successfully able to blend these into the He 100 fuselage, the result still looks a bit odd?

 

Other, less obvious kit mods are a metal axis for the propeller and an added pair of guns in the outer wings, taking up Franclab's idea of heavier armament (which the original He 100 did not feature). The cannon nozzles are hollow steel needles of different diameter, those in the wing root even run through the landing gear wells. A pilot figure was added, too (from a HUMA kit).

  

Painting and markings:

Well, the profile was the benchmark, and I tried to stay true to it. It looks like a typical Fw 190 paint scheme from 1943 on. The grey/green upper color would be RLM 75/83, coupled with RLM65 on the lower side. The latter is a bit unlikely, as RLM 76 became the standard at that time. Still, it looks good, esp. with the rather light upper tones, so that's what I went for.

I used Model Master Authentic tones for the RLM 75/83/65 combo, and later some lighter Humbrol shades for a subtle counter-shading of panels and upper surfaces (e. g. with 140, 120 and 65). The yellow ID markings (typical for the Eastern Front) were painted with Revell 310, Lufthansa Gelb. It’s a RAL tone (RAL 1028), but matches RLM 04 very well.

 

The cockpit interior was painted in Schwarzgrau (RLM 66) and dry-brushed with lighter shades, the landing gear wells are in RLM 02 – everything very conventional, Fw 190s from late 1944 were the benchmark.

 

The black-white-black stripe on the real fuselage was created with decal strips, instead of trying to paint this delicate detail by hand. In contrast to that, the propeller spinner with the B/W spiral was done with a brush and “free hand”. The same goes for the unique mottling on the flanks and fin – this was also done with a brush, and partly with thinned paint in order to create a “washed” effect and blurred contours. The result looks O.K..

 

A dubious element in the profile is the "ace of spades" emblem under the canopy. The tactical stripe codes on the rear fuselage were introduced in 1943, and the BWB-marking correctly belongs to JG 4, which was preliminarily formed as I./JG 4 on August 7, 1942 in Mizil, Romania, from the Ölschutzstaffel/JG 77. It became a full home defense Geschwader much later, on June 15, 1944 in Ansbach - but the spade symbol actually belongs to JG 53. There have been cases that pilots decorated their aircraft with symbols from former units, though, so this small detail is not impossible – but unlikely and a bit controversial. In order to fit into the time frame, this He 100 would be one of the final I./JG 4 aircraft used to defend the Romanian refineries and oil fields - a suitable task for the aircraft.

Additionally, the red number and the absence of any other code symbol identifies the machine as part of the 2nd Gruppe of I./JG 4, everything is very plausible! Anyway, in September 1944 the Jagdgeschwader 4 was finally commanded back to German home territory, after heavy losses against B-24 interceptions, and re-grouped in the Reichsverteidigung.

 

In order to avoid logical conflicts I decided to replace the squadron emblem with a more generic “Ace of Spades” game card icon. I found it on a Fantasy Forge decal sheet for 28mm miniatures in the scrap box.

AFAIK, some JG 4 aircraft displayed the Geschwaderzeichen on the engine cowling, a blue escutcheon with a grey or silver knight’s helmet with a red (red-white) plume. This insignia was first used by II. Gruppe, but later also appeared on other JG 4 Gruppen aircraft.

 

National markings and the red "10" come from TL Modellbau sheets - a lucky and handy purchase, as I had these in store for the recent Wellesley conversion: I wanted to use the red letters for the tactical code, but had to drop this idea because the German letters have a black rim. Now they come in just with perfect timing, and the letters/digits are even in the right typo for Franclab's profile!

The warning stencils were taken from the original Special Hobby sheet.

 

After that, I did some additional detail painting with thinned Humbrol 224 (Dark Slate Gray) and light exhaust and soot stains were added with dry-brushed black. Finally, the kit received a thin coat with Revells’ Acrylic Matt Varnish.

  

All in all, a nice and quick project, even though I invested more work (and putty!) than expected or what is finally visible. It’s (relatively) colorful, and the light livery beyond the typical RLM 70/71/65 paint scheme of the early He 100 Ds suits the elegant aircraft very well. The Heinkel He 100 has some serious whif potential!

 

Merci bien à Franclab pour l’inspiration!

Soldiers of 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division were reunited with their Families during a Welcome Home Ceremonies following a nine month deployment, July 22, 2019, at Fort Drum, New York. Last fall around 2,000 Soldiers from 2BCT deployed to Kosovo and Afghanistan in support of an ongoing North Atlantic Treaty Organization peacekeeping mission and Operation Resolute Support. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Paige Behringer)

Who Shrunk that Head?

For years, the most popular exhibits at the Behringer-Crawford Museum in Covington, Kentucky, were its two-headed calf and shrunken head. In 1991, however, the two were removed and put in closet somewhere. Not much thought was given to them until recently, when the museum began logging the questions that its visitors had asked of its staff. What the museum found was not what it had expected. The most frequently asked question was "Where is the two-headed calf?" The second was, "Where is the shrunken head?"

Chastened, the Behringer-Crawford Museum has brought back the freak and the head -- as well as a miniature English terrier (stuffed and officially extinct), a hairball taken from the stomach of a cow, and a set of little animal figurines made of entrails -- as centerpieces of its "Hey Mummy, Who Shrunk that Head?" exhibit.

 

A shrunken head is a severed and specially prepared human head that is used for trophy, ritual, or trade purposes. Headhunting has occurred in many regions of the world. But the practice of headshrinking has only been documented in the northwestern region of the Amazon rain forest, and the only tribes known to have shrunken human heads are of the Jivaroan tribes.

 

The process of creating a shrunken head begins with removing the skull from the head. An incision is made on the back of the neck and all the skin and flesh is removed from the cranium. Red seeds are placed underneath the eyelids and the eyelids are sewn shut. The mouth is held together with three palm pins. Fat from the flesh of the head is removed. It is here that a wooden ball is placed in order to keep the form. The flesh is then boiled in water that has been saturated with a number of herbs containing tannins. The head is then dried with hot rocks and sand, while molding it to retain its human features. The skin is then rubbed down with charcoal ash. Decorative beads are added to the head.

 

In the head shrinking tradition, it is believed that coating the skin in ash keeps the muisak, or avenging soul, from seeping out.

 

The practice of preparing shrunken heads originally had religious significance; shrinking the head of an enemy was believed to harness the spirit of that enemy and compel him to serve the shrinker. It was said to prevent the soul from avenging his death.

 

The owner of the trophy did not keep it for long. Many heads were later used in religious ceremonies and feasts that celebrated the victories of the tribe.

 

When westerners created an economic demand for shrunken heads there was a sharp increase in the rate of killings in an effort to supply collectors and tourists.

 

The terms headhunting and headhunting parties come from this practice. Guns were usually what the Shuar acquired in exchange for their shrunken heads, the rate being one gun per head. But weapons were not the only items exchanged; during the 1930s, when heads were freely exchanged, a person could buy a shrunken head for about twenty-five dollars. A stop was put to this when the Peruvian and Ecuadorian governments worked together to outlaw the traffic in heads.

 

Also encouraged by this trade, as early as the 1870s people in Colombia and Panama unconnected to the Jívaros began to make counterfeit tsantsas. They used corpses from morgues, or the heads of monkeys or sloths. Some even used goatskin. Kate Duncan wrote in 2001 that "It has been estimated that about 80 percent of the tsantsas in private and museum hands are fraudulent," including almost all that are female or which include an entire torso rather than just a head.

 

Thor Heyerdahl recounts in Kon-Tiki (1947) the various problems of getting into the Jívaro (Shuar) area in Ecuador to get balsa wood for his expedition raft. Local people would not guide his team into the jungle for fear of being killed and their heads shrunk.

 

Since the 1940s, it has been illegal to import shrunken heads into the United States. In 1999, the National Museum of the American Indian repatriated the authentic shrunken heads in its collection to Ecuador. Most other countries have also banned the trade.

 

Currently, replica shrunken heads are manufactured as curios for the tourist trade. These are made from leather and animal hides formed to resemble the originals.

 

How to Prepare a Shrunken-Head

 

The Jivaros are the only tribe known to have successfully revolted against the Spanish Empire and to have been able to thwart all subsequent attempts by the Spaniards to conquer them. They have withstood armies of gold-seeking Incas and defied the brovado of the early conquistadors. The Jivaro Indians are known to be an intensely warlike group, tremendously protective of their freedom and unwilling to subordinate themselves to other authorities.

 

The Jivaro Indians have a reputation for their fierceness which distinguishes them from their counterparts based on the savageness directed toward their enemies. Early Spanish chronicles relate that in the year 1599, the Jivaros banded together and killed 25,000 white people in raids on two settlements. In particular, the massacre of the Logrono stands out as particularly ruthless. The attack was instigated over the natives being taxed in their gold-trade. After uncovering the unscrupulous practices of the visiting governor, molten gold was later poured down his throat until his bowels burst. Following his execution, the remaining Spaniards were killed along with the older women and children. The younger useful women were taken as prisoners to join the clan. The settlement itself was raided and burned to the ground. From this point onward, the Jivaro Indians remained unconquered despite the fact that they inhabited one of the richest regions in South America for gold deposits. The Jivaro's fierce fighting reputation and head-shrinking practice continued to discourage outsiders from entering their territories.

 

Shrunken Heads for Sale

Only the add and the substract from dry and wet channels

Here is how I can move the monitors apart (thanks to the desktop supports by DMP) when working with my netbook or in any other situation where I need more room. the monitors can also be rotated to form a 90°angle with the wall, so that the desk is completely free.

Microphone is a Samson C03 Multi-Pattern Condenser. Board is a Behringer Eurorack UB802.

Close-up of the mac mini and other devices on the first shelf.

on the back you can see all the cables kindly organized with cable managers.

This is the microphone that I use to record my podcast to help people record personal Audio Life Stories at createyourlifestory.com

PS3 screen on 2 monitors while the mac is on

Families packed the basketball court bleachers inside Monti Physical Fitness Center during the second Welcome Home ceremony for Soldiers of 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division returning from a nine month deployment, July 15, 2019, at Fort Drum, New York. Last fall around 2,000 Soldiers from 2BCT deployed to Kosovo and Afghanistan in support of an ongoing North Atlantic Treaty Organization peacekeeping mission and Operation Resolute Support. (U.S. Army photo by Staff Sgt. Paige Behringer)

Well, it took three months for these babies (the Behringer C2 matched-pair stereo condenser mike set) to come into stock, but I'm looking forward to testing them on some acoustic guitar recordings. I just have to decide which configuration to set them up with - X/Y, ORTF, NOS...

Home office with my new audio gear for podcasting and other audio fun. New Sennheiser e385 Mic on a boom stand and Behringer Xenyx 802 mixer.

I'm using everything I ever learned from @alexoana and @gtrenda. They'd be disappointed, I'm sure.

STUDIO 01

 

AUDIO & VIDEO (Equipement)

 

● AKG K-271 Studio (Stereo Headphones)

● AKG K-271 MKII (Stereo Headphones)

● AKG PF 80 (anti-pop)

● ALTO S-8 Channel Mixing Console

● AUDIO-TECHNICA AT8615AII (Embase)

● AUDIO-TECHNICA PRO 49Q Quick-mount gooseneck (microphone)

● BEHRINGER C2 Micro

● BEHRINGER Powerplay Pro-XL HA4700

● BEHRINGER XENTX 802

● CALIFORNIA (Pupitre)

● CALIFORNIA (Stand)

● DAS DS-115

● DIGIDESIGN M-BOX 2 (Audio)

● DIGIDESIGN M-BOX 2 MICRO (Audio)

● ESAT-1 ampli

● FAR AV-6 (Monitors)

● FOCUSRITE OCTOPRE MKII

● K & M 231/1 stand

● M - AUDIO AXIOM 25

● MICRO TABLE STAND

● MILLENIUM MS-2002 stand

● NEUMANN TLM 103 Micro Studio-Set

● Perche

● PHILIPS KIT WIRELESS (2 casques)

● PIEZZO (Micro)

● QSC RMX 1450

● QUIK LOCK BS-342 (Stands)

● RYCOTE KIT 5

● RYCOTE MINI WINDJAMMER F. ZOOM H4N

● ROLAND MMP2

● SAMSON AUDIO S-Direct

● SAMSON AUDIO S-Phantom

● SAMSON TS50 - Speaker Stand

● SENNHEISER K6 + ME62 (Microphone) (Audio)

● SENNHEISER MD46 (Microphone) (Audio)

● SHURE Beta91

● SHURE PGX14E R1 Wireless Systems + Transmitter

● SHURE PGX2/SM58

● SHURE SM57LC

● SHURE SM86

● SHURE NTG-2 (Microphone semi-directionnel)

● SONY MDR-7506 (Stereo Headphones) (Audio)

● SOUNDTUBE FP6030-M

● SOUNDTUBE SA201

● STAGG SBL-15/16X4XH

● WHIRLWIND DCT-9 Digital cable test

● YAMAHA 01V96V2 (console de mixage numérique)

● YAMAHA HS50M (moniteurs)

● YAMAHA HS80M (moniteurs)

● ZOOM H-4

● ZOOM H-4 N

● ZOOM RC04

 

● ARRI Stand (Stand)

● BEBOB V75 5,0 Ah/14,8V LI-ION BATTERY

● BEBOB VS2 - 2 CHANNEL PARALLEL CHARGER WITH 75W DC-OUTPUT

● BILORA 1121-OK (Stand)

● CAMRADE CAMBAG CB 650 (Bag)

● CAMRADE CAMSUIT HPX370 (Cover)

● CANON XL1S CAM (Vidéo)

● CLICKTRONIC HDMI HIGH SPEED KABEL 3M

● CLICKTRONIC HDMI HIGH SPEED KABEL10M

● EMINENT AB7804 Video Splitter Platinum 4-port

● FILMGEAR FLO-BOX 48 K2 (Lighting Box)

● GOPRO Système 3D HERO

● GOPRO Caméra HD HERO2 11 MP

● GOPRO Pack studio SPORT HD Hero2

● GOPRO LCD BacPac

● GOPRO GTRA30

● LEXAR Compact Flash UDMA 32GB - 600x (Memory card)

● LOWEL SUPER AMBI KIT TORP-955 (Lighting Kit)

● LOWEL RIFA eX 44 (Lighting)

● LUXMEN X6 LEDPRO (Lighting)

● MANFROTTO FIG -RIG (Stand)

● MARSHALL V-LCD70XP-HDMI (7" Small Portable Field / Camera-Top LCD Monitor)

● MICRODOLLY - Hollywood Système Basic (Dolly)

● MURARO (Stand)

● PANASONIC AG-HPX371E P2 HD with FUJINON LENS XT17x4.5BRM-K14 (Cam)

● PANASONIC AG-HVX200 P2 HD DVCPRO (Cam)

● PANASONIC AG-MC200G (Microphone directionnel)

● PANASONIC AJ-PCD2 P2 (Card Reader)

● PANASONIC P2 64 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC P2 32 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC P2 16 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC CGA-D54S (Battery)

● PANASONIC PT-AX200E (Projector)

● PANASONIC BT-3DL2550 (3D LCD Monitor )

● PANASONIC HDC-Z10000 (3D Cam )

● PANASONIC PT-AT5000E (3D Projector )

● PANASONIC PT-AT5000E (Projector)

● PANASONIC ET-TRM110 (3D Infrared Transmitter)

● SACHTLER 1006 DV 10 SB

● SACHTLER 5586

● SACHTLER 7007

● SACHTLER 7004

● SACHTLER 9140 Bag

● SAMSUNG UE55C8700 LED (Téléviseur 3D)

● SAMSUNG BDC 6900 (Blu-ray, 3D)

● SCHNEIDER 0HD-75CVHVX (Lens)

● SONY HDR-HC1E DV CAM (Vidéo)

● TV LOGIC LVM-171WP (LCD Monitor)

● TV LOGIC LMV-071WSDHD + House + Batterie (LCD Monitor)

● TRE-D ENG 801 KIT 3 Vidéo (Lighting Kit)

● VINTEN Pro-10 DC (Tripod)

● TORCHE QGEAR-LED (Lighting)

BEHRINGER Fan Photo - Carlos Hernandez

 

MULTICOM PRO-XL MDX4600

VIRTUALIZER PRO DSP2024P

Protector of the Behringer and bringer of light.

3 holes that I will need to tap into to get access to the i2s digital audio signals.

 

those 3 pads (scratched some resist paint off) and the 3 100ohm smd resistors are what I need.

 

plan is to export the i2s data in spdif form, using wm8805 spdif transmitter chips on a custom board.

A custom setup with Behringer X Touch, custom MIDI via Arduino, Keyboard and GrandMA2 OnPC

 

Everything connected through RD/ShowCockpit.

BEHRINGER Fan Photo - Carlos Hernandez

 

EURODESK SX3242FX

TRUTH B1030A

VIRTUALIZER 3D FX2000

STUDIO 01

 

AUDIO & VIDEO (Equipement)

 

● AKG K-271 Studio (Stereo Headphones)

● AKG K-271 MKII (Stereo Headphones)

● AKG PF 80 (anti-pop)

● ALTO S-8 Channel Mixing Console

● AUDIO-TECHNICA AT8615AII (Embase)

● AUDIO-TECHNICA PRO 49Q Quick-mount gooseneck (microphone)

● BEHRINGER C2 Micro

● BEHRINGER Powerplay Pro-XL HA4700

● BEHRINGER XENTX 802

● CALIFORNIA (Pupitre)

● CALIFORNIA (Stand)

● DAS DS-115

● DIGIDESIGN M-BOX 2 (Audio)

● DIGIDESIGN M-BOX 2 MICRO (Audio)

● ESAT-1 ampli

● FAR AV-6 (Monitors)

● FOCUSRITE OCTOPRE MKII

● K & M 231/1 stand

● M - AUDIO AXIOM 25

● MICRO TABLE STAND

● MILLENIUM MS-2002 stand

● NEUMANN TLM 103 Micro Studio-Set

● Perche

● PHILIPS KIT WIRELESS (2 casques)

● PIEZZO (Micro)

● QSC RMX 1450

● QUIK LOCK BS-342 (Stands)

● RYCOTE KIT 5

● RYCOTE MINI WINDJAMMER F. ZOOM H4N

● ROLAND MMP2

● SAMSON AUDIO S-Direct

● SAMSON AUDIO S-Phantom

● SAMSON TS50 - Speaker Stand

● SENNHEISER K6 + ME62 (Microphone) (Audio)

● SENNHEISER MD46 (Microphone) (Audio)

● SHURE Beta91

● SHURE PGX14E R1 Wireless Systems + Transmitter

● SHURE PGX2/SM58

● SHURE SM57LC

● SHURE SM86

● SHURE NTG-2 (Microphone semi-directionnel)

● SONY MDR-7506 (Stereo Headphones) (Audio)

● SOUNDTUBE FP6030-M

● SOUNDTUBE SA201

● STAGG SBL-15/16X4XH

● WHIRLWIND DCT-9 Digital cable test

● YAMAHA 01V96V2 (console de mixage numérique)

● YAMAHA HS50M (moniteurs)

● YAMAHA HS80M (moniteurs)

● ZOOM H-4

● ZOOM H-4 N

● ZOOM RC04

 

● ARRI Stand (Stand)

● BEBOB V75 5,0 Ah/14,8V LI-ION BATTERY

● BEBOB VS2 - 2 CHANNEL PARALLEL CHARGER WITH 75W DC-OUTPUT

● BILORA 1121-OK (Stand)

● CAMRADE CAMBAG CB 650 (Bag)

● CAMRADE CAMSUIT HPX370 (Cover)

● CANON XL1S CAM (Vidéo)

● CLICKTRONIC HDMI HIGH SPEED KABEL 3M

● CLICKTRONIC HDMI HIGH SPEED KABEL10M

● EMINENT AB7804 Video Splitter Platinum 4-port

● FILMGEAR FLO-BOX 48 K2 (Lighting Box)

● GOPRO Système 3D HERO

● GOPRO Caméra HD HERO2 11 MP

● GOPRO Pack studio SPORT HD Hero2

● GOPRO LCD BacPac

● GOPRO GTRA30

● LEXAR Compact Flash UDMA 32GB - 600x (Memory card)

● LOWEL SUPER AMBI KIT TORP-955 (Lighting Kit)

● LOWEL RIFA eX 44 (Lighting)

● LUXMEN X6 LEDPRO (Lighting)

● MANFROTTO FIG -RIG (Stand)

● MARSHALL V-LCD70XP-HDMI (7" Small Portable Field / Camera-Top LCD Monitor)

● MICRODOLLY - Hollywood Système Basic (Dolly)

● MURARO (Stand)

● PANASONIC AG-HPX371E P2 HD with FUJINON LENS XT17x4.5BRM-K14 (Cam)

● PANASONIC AG-HVX200 P2 HD DVCPRO (Cam)

● PANASONIC AG-MC200G (Microphone directionnel)

● PANASONIC AJ-PCD2 P2 (Card Reader)

● PANASONIC P2 64 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC P2 32 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC P2 16 Gb (Memory card)

● PANASONIC CGA-D54S (Battery)

● PANASONIC PT-AX200E (Projector)

● PANASONIC BT-3DL2550 (3D LCD Monitor )

● PANASONIC HDC-Z10000 (3D Cam )

● PANASONIC PT-AT5000E (3D Projector )

● PANASONIC PT-AT5000E (Projector)

● PANASONIC ET-TRM110 (3D Infrared Transmitter)

● SACHTLER 1006 DV 10 SB

● SACHTLER 5586

● SACHTLER 7007

● SACHTLER 7004

● SACHTLER 9140 Bag

● SAMSUNG UE55C8700 LED (Téléviseur 3D)

● SAMSUNG BDC 6900 (Blu-ray, 3D)

● SCHNEIDER 0HD-75CVHVX (Lens)

● SONY HDR-HC1E DV CAM (Vidéo)

● TV LOGIC LVM-171WP (LCD Monitor)

● TV LOGIC LMV-071WSDHD + House + Batterie (LCD Monitor)

● TRE-D ENG 801 KIT 3 Vidéo (Lighting Kit)

● VINTEN Pro-10 DC (Tripod)

● TORCHE QGEAR-LED (Lighting)

Today I decided it was time to get to grips with multitrack recording. Bit of a learning curve, but worked out OK

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