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This memorial
of his untimely fate
has been erected by the
Vicar and two friends
who accompanied him
in a visit to Paris
as a tribute of respect to that
Brave and Generous Nation
Once our foes but now our
allies and brethren
Ainsi Soit il
A.D
1857
Napoleonic Conflict
In the late 1700s Dereham church's bell tower was used as a prison for French prisoners of war being transferred from Great Yarmouth to Norman Cross under the charge of the East Norfolk Militia. On 6 October 1799 a French officer, Jean de Narde, managed to escape from the tower and, being unable to escape from the church yard due to guards being present, hid in a tree. The Frenchman was spotted and shot when he refused to come down and surrender. Jean is buried in the church yard, and his grave is marked by a memorial stone erected in 1858, which includes the following statement: "Once our foes but now our allies and brethren."
Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dereham
Source: eastscapes.blogspot.co.uk/2012/12/once-our-foe-grave-of-j...
The East North Militia have one “battle honour” to its “credit” Whilst escorting French prisoners of war from Yarmouth to Norman Cross, The Militia locked up their prisoners for the night in the bell tower of Dereham church – for safe keeping. In spite of this, an officer by the name of Jean De Narde, the 28 year son of a notary from St. Malo, managed to escape from the church. Finding that the Militia had set piquets around the perimeter of the Church he climbed an oak hoping that his absence would go unnoticed and that the party would leave without him thus allowing him to make good his escape. Unfortunately for De Narde, the Militia, realizing that they were missing a prisoner conducted a search of the locality and the Frenchman was spotted on account of him leaving his legs dangling from the tree. The Sergeant was told to get the Frenchman down. The prisoner was called on to surrender. Whether De Narde did not understand English that was yelled at him or perhaps he did not even realise that he had been discovered, De Narde kept to his tree. The Sergeant thereupon shot the Frenchman from the tree, killing him instantly. The local population were apparently ashamed by this action and thought this deed to be one of unnecessary cruelty, according to the Parish Priest, the Reverend Benjamin John Armstrong . Eventually a monument was raised to the unfortunate De Narde and the family in St Malo informed of his fate.
Source: eastnorfolkmilitia.webs.com/themilitia.htm
Jean de Narde was a French prisoner of war who had been landed at Yarmouth, and was on his way to Norman Cross prison in 1799. His party was lodged in the Bell Tower of East Dereham church overnight, and he attempted to escape by climbing down the wall but was shot by one of the guards. He was buried in the cemetery and later in the 19th century a headstone was placed above his grave. There is a plaque on the tower wall that relates this story. A contemporary account of prisoners marching through the area records the frequent passage of such prisoners, with East Dereham being one of the halts for the night:
Columns of prisoners often 1,000 strong were marched from Yarmouth to Norwich and lodged in the castle. From Yarmouth they were marched to Lynn halting at Costessey, East Dereham and thence to Lynn. Here the captives were lodged temporarily in an old warehouse on the north side of the King Staith.
The Norman Cross brochure has this text on the front of its folder:
In 1797 the Transport Board of the Admiralty decided that a new prison establishment was required in the east of England, to house the many thousands of French and Dutch prisoners of war arriving in this country. The site had to be inland to hinder escape attempts although within easy access of the coast so that captives could be landed at Kings Lynn and Yarmouth and conveyed to the depot at minimal cost; in a fertile area where the local produce could supply the depot; and on a site that possessed a good water supply. Norman Cross possessed all these attributes and was on the Great North Road so that troops, prisoners and supplies could be conveyed along this route easily. Construction work began in December 1796 and by the following April the prison was ready for the reception of prisoners.
The depot was in use from 1797 to 1814 and housed not only French but Dutch, German, Italian and Polish POWs. These men were captured at the naval battles of Camperduin and Trafalgar and during the Peninsular War. Prisoners also came from enemy privateers and merchant vessels, the capture of the French colonies in the West Indies and from battles such as Maida in 1806 in Italy and the Walcheren campaign of 1809.
Source: www.napoleonicwarsforum.com/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=2167
The " Bell Tower" (to adopt loyally the indigenous name) stands, not on the church, like most of its contemporaries, but beside it. It was also used as a lock-up or temporary prison in the days when French captives were marched from Yarmouth to Norman Cross, and passed a night at Norwich and Dereham on their way.
One October evening in 1799, a batch of these poor fellows were lodged in the hospitable precincts of this Bell Tower. A prisoner of war by the name of Jean de la Narde, twenty-eight years of age, the son of a notary of St. Malo, thought he would try to escape during the night. He was discovered, however, by the sentry, pursued by the guard just as he had succeeded in climbing into a large tree, and was there shot dead. A neat stone was erected over his remains by the kind-hearted vicar and renewed by the Rev. B. J. Armstrong in 1856.
Page 29 “Life, writings and correspondence of George Borrow (1803-1881) based on official and other authentic sources”
Source: archive.org/stream/lifewritingsandc01knapuoft/lifewriting...
Passages from the diary of the Rev. Benjamin John Armstrong M.A. (Cantab) Vicar of Dereham. 1850 – 88
Feb. 17 1858. Today another cross was set up in the churchyard, the inscription under which will speak for itself. 'In memory of Jean de Narde, son of a Notary Public of St. Malo. A French prisoner of war, who, having escaped from the Bell tower of this church, was pursued and shot by a soldier. October 6th, 1799, aged 28 years.
Source: www.coxresearcher.com/history/norfolkdiary.htm
Source: godsacre.blogspot.co.uk/2011/12/jean-de-narde-norfolk-dia...
6. (March 1858)*—“Within the last few days a stone has been placed in the churchyard at East Dereham, in memory of Jean de Narde, a French prisoner of war, who, in the year 1796 while en route from Yarmouth to Norman Cross prison, was lodged in the lower chamber of the bell tower of the church, and escaped therefrom. He was pursued by the guard, and, after some search, was espied in a tree on the Scarning Road, and when summoned by a soldier to descend and surrender he did not comply. His non-compliance forfeited his life, for he was shot off it like a crow. The stone was erected by the vicar and two other gentlemen.”
From Norfolk Annals, A Chronological Record of Remarkable Events in the ineteenth Century, Vol 2 by Charles Mackie.
Source: www.hellenicaworld.com/UK/Literature/CharlesMackie/en/Nor...
(I’m leaning towards discounting this version – not only is the year wrong but it’s the only version that implies he managed to get further than the churchyard).
So lots of slight variations on the circumstances of Jeans’ death throughout all those. I believe this headstone was a replacement for one put in place contemporaneously by the then incumbent Vicar.
Inle Lake (Burmese: အင်းလေးကန်, pronounced: [ʔɪ́ɴlé kàɴ]) is a freshwater lake located in the Nyaungshwe Township of Taunggyi District of Shan State, part of Shan Hills in Myanmar (Burma). It is the second largest lake in Myanmar with an estimated surface area of 116 km2, and one of the highest at an elevation of 880 m. During the dry season, the average water depth is 2.1 m, with the deepest point being 3.7 m, but during the rainy season this can increase by 1.5 m.
The watershed area for the lake lies to a large extent to the north and west of the lake. The lake drains through the Nam Pilu or Balu Chaung on its southern end. There is a hot spring on its northwestern shore.
Although the lake is not large, it contains a number of endemic species. Over twenty species of snails and nine species of fish are found nowhere else in the world. Some of these, like the silver-blue scaleless Sawbwa barb, the crossbanded dwarf danio, and the Lake Inle danio, are of minor commercial importance for the aquarium trade. It hosts approximately 20,000 brown and black head migratory seagulls in November, December and January.
In June 2015, it becomes the Myanmar's first designated place of World Network of Biosphere Reserves. It was one of 20 places added at at the Unesco's 27th Man and the Biosphere (MAB) International Coordinating Council (ICC) meeting.
PEOPLE AND CULTURE
The people of Inle Lake (called Intha), some 70,000 of them, live in four cities bordering the lake, in numerous small villages along the lake's shores, and on the lake itself. The entire lake area is in Nyaung Shwe township. The population consists predominantly of Intha, with a mix of other Shan, Taungyo, Pa-O (Taungthu), Danu, Kayah, Danaw and Bamar ethnicities. Most are devout Buddhists, and live in simple houses of wood and woven bamboo on stilts; they are largely self-sufficient farmers.
Most transportation on the lake is traditionally by small boats, or by somewhat larger boats fitted with single cylinder inboard diesel engines. Local fishermen are known for practicing a distinctive rowing style which involves standing at the stern on one leg and wrapping the other leg around the oar. This unique style evolved for the reason that the lake is covered by reeds and floating plants making it difficult to see above them while sitting. Standing provides the rower with a view beyond the reeds. However, the leg rowing style is only practiced by the men. Women row in the customary style, using the oar with their hands, sitting cross legged at the stern.
Fish caught from the lake - the most abundant kind is called nga hpein locally (Inle carp, Cyprinus intha) - are a staple of the local diet. A popular local dish is htamin gyin - 'fermented' rice kneaded with fish and/or potato - served with hnapyan gyaw (literally twice fried - Shan tofu). In addition to fishing, locals grow vegetables and fruit in large gardens that float on the surface of the lake. The floating garden beds are formed by extensive manual labor. The farmers gather up lake-bottom weeds from the deeper parts of the lake, bring them back in boats and make them into floating beds in their garden areas, anchored by bamboo poles. These gardens rise and fall with changes in the water level, and so are resistant to flooding. The constant availability of nutrient-laden water results in these gardens being incredibly fertile. Rice cultivation is also significant.
Hand-made goods for local use and trading are another source of commerce. Typical products include tools, carvings and other ornamental objects, textiles, and cheroots. A local market serves most common shopping needs and is held daily but the location of the event rotates through five different sites around the lake area, thus each of them hosting an itinerant market every fifth day. When held on the lake itself, trading is conducted from small boats. This 'floating-market' event tends to emphasize tourist trade much more than the other four.
The Inle lake area is renowned for its weaving industry. The Shan-bags, used daily by many Burmese as a tote-bag, are produced in large quantities here. Silk-weaving is another very important industry, producing high-quality hand-woven silk fabrics of distinctive design called Inle longyi. A unique fabric from the lotus plant fibers is produced only at Inle lake and is used for weaving special robes for Buddha images called kya thingahn (lotus robe).
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
Inle Lake is suffering from the environmental effects of increased population and rapid growth in both agriculture and tourism. During the 65-year period from 1935 to 2000, the net open water area of Inle Lake decreased from 69.10 km² to 46.69 km², a loss of 32.4%, with development of floating garden agriculture, which occurs largely on the west side of the lake (a practice introduced in the 1960s).
Lumber removal and unsustainable cultivation practices (slash and burn farming techniques) on the hills surrounding the lake are causing ever-increasing amounts of silt and nutrients to run off into the rivers that feed the lake, especially along its western and northern watershed areas. This silt fills up the lake; the nutrients encourage the growth of weeds and algae. More important however is the development of floating garden agriculture, largely along the western side of the lake. This practice encroaches into the diminishing area of the lake, since over time, the floating beds become solid ground. About 93% (nearly 21 km²) of the recent loss in open water area of the lake, largely along its western side, is thought to be due to this agricultural practice. Direct environmental impacts associated with these combined agricultural activities within the wetlands and surrounding hills of the lake include sedimentation, eutrophication, and pollution.
The water hyacinth, a plant not native to the lake, also poses a major problem. It grows rapidly, filling up the smaller streams and large expanses of the lake, robbing native plants and animals of nutrients and sunlight. At one time, all boats coming into Nyaung Shwe were required to bring in a specified amount of water hyacinth. Over the past twenty years, large-scale use of dredges and pumps has been employed with some success in controlling the growth of this plant. On a smaller scale, public awareness education and small-scale control have also been successful.
Another cause for concern is the planned introduction of non-native fish species, such as the Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)] intended to improve fishery.
Sanitation in the villages around the lake is an ongoing concern for public health authorities, due to untreated sewage (with 72% of households using open pits, not latrines) and waste water flowing into the lake. To ensure fresh and clean water, some villages now have enclosed wells and public access to the well water. Some studies of the lake's surface
water quality indicates that the water is not safe for consumption. Water from Inle Lake has dissolved oxygen ranges lower than those necessary for fisheries and aquatic life, while nitrite, nitrate and phosphate ranges are unusually high.
Noise pollution is also a noticeable issue. The noise from the cheaper poorly muffled diesel engines driving the stern drive propellers is significant, and can be a distraction to the otherwise tranquil lake.
The summer of 2010 registered very high temperatures causing the water level of the lake to drop so low, the lowest in nearly 50 years, that drinking water had to be fetched from elsewhere and the floating market was in danger of disappearing. One other serious consequence was that the hydroelectric plant at Lawpita, where the former capital Yangon received its power supply from, could not operate at its full capacity.
TOURISM
The best time of the year to visit is during September and October. The ceremonial Hpaung Daw U Festival, which lasts for almost three weeks, is closely followed by the Thadingyut festival of lights. Inthas and Shan turn out in their best clothes in great numbers to celebrate the Buddhist Lent. Traditional boat racing, with dozens of leg-rowers in Shan dress in a team on each boat, is a famous event during the Hpaung Daw U Festival.
Inle Lake is a major tourist attraction, and this has led to some development of tourist infrastructure. Many small and large privately owned hotels and tour operations have arisen during the past few years. Local shops are flooded with consumer items, both local and foreign. The nearest airport is Heho Airport which is 35 km away. There are flights from both Yangon and Mandalay. Yangon is 660 km away by road, Mandalay 330 km.
CUISINE
Inle cuisine is different from Shan cuisine, as it incorporates local natural produce. The most well-known Inle dish would be the Htamin jin - a rice, tomato and potato or fish salad kneaded into round balls dressed and garnished with crisp fried onion in oil, tamarind sauce, coriander and spring onions often with garlic, Chinese chives roots (ju myit), fried whole dried chili, grilled dried fermented beancakes (pè bouk) and fried dried tofu (topu jauk kyaw) on the side.
WIKIPEDIA
WHAT TO WEAR:
I try not to, but I often end up wearing all black, greys, khaki & white!
Apart from summer, I always take a jacket like this one here with me as the weather can be inconsistent and so too can the air-conditioning!
Anything individual, fashion( www.thetaylorsauce.com/downtown-details-ny/ )forward, original, vintage or unique
Minimal accessories, but sunglasses always like these here
Flat shoes like sneakers or boots so you can explore all day and transition into the night like these Chloe ones here
Denim, suede or leather anything like this dress here
WHAT TO DO:
Grab a coffee and stroll around the streets checking out local stores…
Appreciate the hundreds of street art murals!
Visit the MOMA store in Soho if you do not feel like going uptown…
Walk, jog, run or chill on the West Side Highway and take in the view
Brunch anywhere at the gazillions of spots downtown which are fun all day, everyday of the week
WHERE TO HANG:
Washington Square Park or any of the many picturesque parks…
The Blond at 11 Howard for cocktails and fun!
Katz’s Deli or Remedy Diner for a late night date and snack…
Grand Banks or City Winery for afternoon cocktails in the summer which combined with the view and the scene are amazing!
Rooftop pool bars like Mr Purple, Bar Hugo or Jimmy at the James
WHERE TO EAT:
Egg Shop or Jack’s Wife Freda for brunch all day, any day…
Lalo or Miss Lily’s for a unique, very ‘downtown’ dinner
Le Turtle or Rin Tin Tin for chicken dinner!
Balato’s or Babbo for classic, old school Italian and romance…
Perry Street brunch for a casual but chic foodie experience
WHERE TO STAY:
11 Howard – you may not leave the building as the restaurant, bar and terrace rooms are fantastic!
The Bowery Hotel – arguably one of the best lounges in the city and the rooms and decor are lovely too
Crosby Street Hotel – modern and charming luxury, cosy bar and a great location for strolling around…
The Greenwich Hotel – for an amazing bar and spa experience
The Mercer – classic, stylish luxury in the heart of Soho
Sunset Boulevard, the former home of Jay Ward Studios: this statue of Rocky & Bullwinkle went up in 1961, when the magic was still happening--and today the statue is all that remains. I was fortunate enough to have made a previous visit several years ago, when Dudley Do-Right's Emporium, the cool gift shot run by Jay Ward's widow, still operated here on the former studio grounds--but that's gone now, too.
Apologies but the light had really gone rubbishy, almost that eerie light in an eclipse, but just it was because it was getting ready for rain.
37340 WX57HKZ has been adorned with an offside wrap advert (nearside still in fleet livery) that will offend many who like an uninterrupted view. It was working a 73 from Cribbs Causeway and is seen at Bristol Parkway station on June 2nd 2017.
This is the Apponale Tower in Riva del Garda. It has nice views of the town.
It has 165 steps (didn't count them), but I went all the way up to the top of it.
Thought entry was free (got confused with a under 16 and over 65). Which means from 16 to under 65 you have to pay €1 to go up it.
As you can see it has stunning views of Riva del Garda.
In Italian is it La Torre Apponale.
The Apponale Tower
Riva from above. Climbing the Apponale Tower. A really special view of a really special place.
Each of the 165 steps leading to the top of the Torre Apponale brings you closer to the sky. The tower, challenging the massive body of the fortress, reveals the geometric designs of the squares below. Climbing the tower you will experience the thrill of entering its interior, the excitement of the ascent, the dizzying emotion of reaching the summit, the surprisingly breath-taking view.
The Apponale Tower is first mentioned in the archives of the town in 1273 , and it certainly pre-dates this. L. A. Banuffaldi claims that it was the "keep of a fortification that defended the port". It is so named because it faces towards the 'Ponale' , south west of the port.
It is 34 metres high, and the town's bell, called the 'Ranga' which was cast in 1532.
Right on the top is a weather-vane, with an image of an angel with a trumpet, known as Anzolim de la tor, which has become the symbol of Riva.
(Taken from the sign outside the tower)
I've now gone around the outside rim at the top of the tower (near the columned barrier). Views all around the tower. Amazing.
View of Piazza Catena from the tower. Can also see Hotel Europa from up here.
View of the rooftops.
I was tagged by Mysticartgirl like a week ago, and I'm late in doing my 25 things, but here I go...
I can't believe I'm doing this... I'm a painfully shy person and so private. Posting this gives me nerves! LOL
1. I graduated with a Bachelor of Education and a Bachelor of Fine Arts (specializing in music) last spring.
2. I've played the piano since I was 6 yrs old, and stopped playing three months before I was about to get my diploma in Piano Performance with the Royal Conversatory of Music. I just didn't want to do it anymore...
3. I don't know where I'm headed in life... typical of most 23 yrs olds I guess.. haha!
4. I was a total music theory nerd when I was in high school, and I finished all the courses the Royal Conservatory had to offer in music theory before I finished high school
5. Before we got into photography, badminton was our hobby, and Bryan and I used to play 2-3 times a week.
6. I'm living in the U.S. on a visa, because of Bryan's work.
7. I've gained sooooo much weight since moving to the U.S. I'd love to drop 40 lbs and get back into my old clothes
8. My weight has always been up and down, up and down... sooo annoying when it comes to clothes
9. I got into Blythes when my university was on a 3 months strike during my 4th year in school (yes 3 months!!) I had nothing to do and these big headed dolls caught my eye while I was surfing flickr. I think people were trading moo cards and I wondered what these dolls were on the moo cards.
10. I miss my family dog, Kobe, so much! I wish I could've brought him to the States with me. I like to think about him before I drift off to sleep
11. I absolutely adore dogs, and I really wish we can get one, but Bryan's not on the same boat.
12. Omg... only on 12?? My goal is to clean up the entire house this week. Such a daunting prospect...
13. Our flower beds are so over grown with weeds, and I've been trying to manage it by pulling them by hand. We have weed spray, but I'm afraid to use it because all the neighborhood critters hang out in our backyard. If anybody has any advice in managing weeds please let me know! My back will thank you!
14. I miss living in a big city. Toronto is so much more exciting than Seattle.
15. I used to hate eating Chinese food, but now that good Chinese food is hard to come by in Seattle, I miss it so much! (Toronto has a huuuuuuge Chinese population)
16. One of my first "encounters" with nature was during a week long outdoor education field trip in grade 7. I don't think I've ever hiked through the woods, before then. The impact of seeing the beautiful rays of sun coming through the trees had a lasting impact on me.
17. I always begged my parents for a camera when I was young, but ofcourse they said no. Film was expensive.
18. I love to read. I started reading adult fiction at the age of 10
19. I'm a nighthawk (is that even a word?) I love staying up late. That is when I get most of my work done.
20. I spend almost all my time sewing these days.
21. I enjoy doing crafty projects. I get a sense of fulfillment when I'm doing crafts.
22. My husband is a genius (literally) and I'm always 10 steps behind him or more. Being with someone with a gifted mind has its challenges. I don't know what he's talking about half the time, but we're great friends =)
23. I have an intense fear of driving. I have my license and everything... never failed any driving tests, but I just don't like driving at all.
24. I'm obsessed with Lati dolls these days. HELP ME!!!
25. I have hyperextended knees which means my posture is all sorts of wrong! My knees and back always ache and I swear I'm gonna be in a wheelchair when I grow old.
Omg finally! We're done!! That's me in a nutshell, and more than I have ever shared at once on flickr LOL
I tag everybody else who wants to play along.
OMG I just thought of a #26: Nobody in real life calls me Jessi. Everybody calls me Jess. I had to use jessi as my flickr screen name because every variation of jess and bryan was taken already. I just find it funny when people call me jessi online =D
Haredi Judaism is usually referred to as ultra-orthodox Judaism, though Haredi Jews (or Haredim) object to this title. Theologically they are more conservative than any other form of Judaism.
PB140467
Hasidism is a sub-sect within Haredi Judaism. It can often (but not always) be distinguished by its clothing:
"Clothing
Another notable distinction among Hasidic Jews is their mode of dress. Though black outerwear and white shirts are standard for men and long-sleeved and high-necked clothing are typical for women, several groups have subtly distinct clothing for men identifying them as members of a particular Hasidic sect. Chabad men, for example, wear a black fedora-style hat. In other groups, the men wear a more elaborate fur-trimmed hat called a shtreimel or a spodik. (Some non-Hasidic ultra-Orthodox Jews also wear black hats.) Hasidic men typically wear a black overcoat known as a bekishe or a kapota. And in some groups, men wear distinctive white stockings. Most Hasidic groups still use Yiddish as their primary language." — myjewishlearning.com
From Studies in Judaism, First Series by Solomon Schechter (1911) [3rd excerpt]:
[Hassidism is a sub-sect of Haredi Judaism, ultra-ultra-orthodox Judaism.]
After seven years, Gershon, who was well aware of the bitter poverty which his sister endured, relented and brought her and her husband back to Brody. At first he employed Baalshem as his coachman, but as he proved wholly unfit for this work Gershon rented a small inn in a remote village, and there established his sister and her husband. The business of the inn was managed by the wife, while Baalshem passed most of his time in a hut in a neighbouring forest. Here he once more gave himself up to meditation and preparation for his future work, and here, a little later, when nearly forty-two years of age, to a few chosen spirits, afterwards his most fervent disciples, he first revealed his true character and mission.
From this point unfortunately the materials for a continuous biography are wanting; we next hear of Baalshem discharging the functions of an ordinary Rabbi at Miedziboz in Podolia, but for the remainder of his personal history we have to be content with detached anecdotes [pg 010] and fragmentary passages in his life, the sum total of which goes to show that he resided in Podolia and Wallachia, teaching his doctrines to his disciples and “working Wonders.” He does not seem to have figured as a public preacher, nor has he left behind him any written work. He appears rather to have used the method, familiar to students of Greek philosophy, of teaching by conversations with his friends and disciples. These conversations, and the parables with which they were largely interspersed, were remembered and stored up by his hearers. By his neighbours the country folk, Baalshem was regarded simply as “a man of God.” He was allowed to pursue his course undisturbed by persecution of the serious character which his more aggressive successors provoked. Such of the Rabbis as were aware of his existence despised him and his ways, but the Rabbinical world was at that time too much occupied in the controversy between Eybeschütz and Emden to concern itself with the vagaries of an obscure and apparently “unlearned” eccentric. Baalshem also took part in the disputes which were held in Lemberg, the capital of Galicia (1757?), between the Rabbis and the Frankists,6 who denounced the Talmud to the Polish Government and wanted to have all the Rabbinical books destroyed. Baalshem suffered from this excitement in a most terrible way. The abrogation of the Oral Law meant for him the ruin of Judaism.
Baalshem, in forming the little band of devoted followers who were destined to spread a knowledge of his creed, travelled considerably about Wallachia. He at one time decided to make a pilgrimage to Palestine, but when he reached Constantinople he felt himself inspired [pg 011] to return and continue his work at home. He died at Miedziboz on the eve of Pentecost, 1761.
After his death his disciples, of whom one Beer of Mizriez was the most prominent, undertook the proselytising mission for which Baalshem had prepared them, but from which he himself appears to have abstained. They preached and taught in all the provinces of Russia where Jews may reside, and in Roumania, and Galicia. The number of the sect at the present day is probably about half a million.
Returning now to Baalshem the founder, it may be noted that his appearance as a teacher and reformer was accompanied and justified by a customary and adequate number of miracles. To one disciple he revealed secrets which could have become known to him only by divine revelation; to another he appeared with a nimbus round his head. On the evidence of the Chassidim we learn that Baalshem performed all the recognised signs and marvels which have ever been the customary minor characteristics of men of similar type in similar environment. When Baalshem desired to cross a stream, he spread forth his mantle upon the waters, and standing thereupon passed safely to the other side. Ghosts evacuated haunted houses at the mere mention of his name. Was he alone in the forest on a wintry night, he had but to touch a tree with his finger tips and flames burst forth. When his spirit wandered through the angelic spheres, as was frequently the case, he obtained access to Paradise for millions of pining souls who had vainly waited without through long thousands of mournful years. These and other miracles need not be examined. Here, as in the case of other such blissful seasons of grace, they were the [pg 012] ephemeral though important accessories in establishing the inspired character of his utterances and the authority of his injunctions. It is not as a worker of miracles, but as a religious teacher and reformer, that Baalshem is interesting.
Properly to understand the nature and special direction of his teaching, it is necessary in some measure to realise the character of the field in which he worked; to consider, in other words, the moral and religious condition of the Jews in those districts where Chassidism first took root.
In a Hebrew Hymn, written about 1000 a.c., and still recited in the synagogue on the Day of Atonement, the poet expresses the strange and bitter fortunes of his race in touching words of mingled sorrow and exultation.
Destroyed lies Zion and profaned,
Of splendour and renown bereft,
Her ancient glories wholly waned,
One deathless treasure only left;
Still ours, O Lord,
Thy Holy Word.
And this Divine Word it was, which a persecuted religion has sought to preserve intact through so many centuries of persecution, and for the sake of which no labour seemed too severe, no sacrifice too large. “Bethink Thee, O God,” exclaimed one of our Jewish sages who flourished about the same period, “bethink Thee of Thy faithful children who, amid their poverty and want, are busy in the study of Thy Law. Bethink Thee of the poor in Israel who are willing to suffer hunger and destitution if only they can secure for their children the knowledge of Thy Law.” And so indeed it was. Old and [pg 013] young, weak and strong, rich and poor, all pursued that single study, the Torah. The product of this prolonged study is that gigantic literature which, as a long unbroken chain of spiritual activity, connects together the various periods of the Jews' chequered and eventful history. All ages and all lands have contributed to the development of this supreme study. For under the word Torah was comprised not only the Law, but also the contributions of later times expressing either the thoughts or the emotions of holy and sincere men; and even their honest scepticism was not entirely excluded. As in the canon of the Bible, Ecclesiastes and the Song of Solomon found place in the same volume that contains the Law and the Prophets, so at a later time people did not object to put the philosophical works of Maimonides and the songs of Judah Hallevi on the same level with the Code of the Law compiled by R. Isaac Alfasi, and the commentaries on the Bible by R. Solomon b. Isaac.7 None of them was declared infallible, but also to none of them, as soon as people were convinced of the author's sincerity, was denied the homage due to seekers after truth. Almost every author was called Rabbi (“my master”) or Rabbenu (“our master”),8 and nearly every book was regarded more or less as a contribution to the great bulk of the Torah. It was called Writ,9 and was treated with a certain kind of piety. But, by a series of accidents too long to be related here, sincerity ceased and sport took its place. I refer to the casuistic schools commonly known by the name of Pilpulists10 (the “seasoned” or the “sharp” ones), who flourished in the last two centuries preceding ours. To the authors of this unhappy period, a few glorious exceptions always allowed, the preceding [pg 014] Jewish literature did not mean a “fountain of living waters,” supplying men with truth and religious inspiration, but rather a kind of armoury providing them with juristic cases over which to fight, and to out-do each other in sophistry and subtlety. As a consequence they cared little or nothing for that part of the Jewish literature that appeals less to the intellect than to the feelings of men. In short, religion consisted only of complicated cases and innumerable ordinances, in which the wit of these men found delight. But the emotional part of it, whose root is the Faith and Love of men, was almost entirely neglected.
Same Litestep theme, but different wallpaper and Rainmeter:)
Wallpaper: But I... by =enricoagostoni enricoagostoni.deviantart.com/art/But-I-126573482
Rainmeter: Modified Enigma, Chip Clock
The third of our four full days in Yellowstone, and as odd as it may seem, the thrall of the geothermal sites was beginning to pale. Its not the sites themselves, but the queues to get into the parking areas and then the number of people at the well known sites.
Black Sand Basin is beside the Upper basin where Old Faithful can be found, and has two small geysers erupting almost continuously.
I loved the contrast between the rocky sediments and algae growth and the green and blue of the trees and skies.
IN the middle of a meadow, there would be a pool, and from it steam where boiling water, of the deepest blue, was percolating up.
Geology in action. Again.
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August 16
We were awake again at half five, if not an hour and a half before. Again. But outside the day was dawning clear and bright, and the moon was just visible in the lightening sky,
We were ready to go out by half six, and with the plan to go to the south east corner of the park to see more geothermal action. Sun was coming up on the way to Tower, and mist rose in every river valley, over every lake and pool. I could have stopped and took shots, but would not have done it all justice, so take my word. Glorious.
We take the road up and over the middle of the park to Canyon village, where at the gas station I buy coffee and cookies, so we could eat and sip on the winding and misty road towards Old Faithful. We stop a couple of times at some fumaroles, and all we could see was so much steam, but the vents gave out the noise of an express steam locomotive.
And despite being only seven, a few people were about. But by the time we got to the Middle Basin, there were just a few parking spaces left, one of which we bagged, and set off over the bridge and along the boardwalk to the many fools and terraces that steamed in the cool morning temperatures, and reeked of sulphur.
Pools of all shapes, colours and sizes, reflecting the now clear skies and wooded hillsides. I marveled again at the patterns and colours of the thermophiles that live in these conditions, and take their photograph.
Strained parents tried to inform and educate their children, and I said to one how great he took the time to read each information board to his uninterested two daughters, and told him, one day they would appreciate the effort.
We drive past Old Faithful and its crowds, although to be honest traffic was so light, it wasn’t a problem. We stop off at a smaller geothermal site, more pools, fumaroles and small geysers. Amazing really, and a river meandering through the activity, and water from the geysers and pools drain into the river. All around all sites is Bison poo, as I think the animals go there in the depth of winter where the heat stops the worst of frost making eating easier.
And we are done there too, so take the Grand Loop road south and then eat towards Yellowstone Lake, where we hoped it might be quieter and we could get some food which was not burgers.
I am sidetracked by the discovery beside the road of a small lake covered in water lilies, and the air filled with dragonflies and butterflies. We spend a fine half an hour here, chasing both, and me getting more shots of American Painted Ladies and a Green Comma.
We drive along the shore of the lake, and I spy a small island with a single tree on it, so think of a friend of mine in New zealand who has a lake nearby to where he lives which as a tree growing out of the water near the shore. Anyway, I think this island and tree deserve a photograph, so snap it.
We find the lodge, not that it was lost, but it is being renovated, so we nearly didn’t try to go in. A good job we did as the wooden building was fabulous, and the cafeteria was open, and served other things, so had a bowl of chili and a salad, jools had chicken pie and salad, and the dining room, which must have sat 500 at least, was nearly empty. We have a seat by the window, looking out onto the lake.
On the way back take the road to the east gate to see what the scenery was like; mostly a dead forest caused by some fire in the recent past, thousand upon thousand of dead tree trunks covering hillside after hillside, thankfully it was sunny or it would have looked spooky.
We turn for home, as thunderclouds form overhead and we could hear the distant rumble of thunder.
We do stop at one final geothermal site, a mud volcano, which, if I’m honest did disappoint, most being lost on clouds of steam, but the bubbling was more of muddy water than say, mud.
At the top of the pass back towards Tower, we stop twice to look for wild flowers and more butterflies, as I bought a book on both at the lodge, so now can identify what we see, sometimes.
The pass was in bright sunshine, yet to the north the sky was black with stormclouds and the wind picked up. On the drive back, it did rain, but not too hard and by the time we got back to the cabin, the sun had come back out and the ground was drying.
We go back to the falls after a cup of coffee, as I wanted to take detailed shots of the coloured terracing, there were still many people about, but not too crowded, but I do smirk at the trend of people wanting to be taken into front of something, as if that is the only proof they were here. As if it matters, so I watch French families and Indian families take selfies and shots of each other, then get the shots I wanted, then wait for Jools to take her shots.
We have chicken wraps on the stoop for supper, along with bottles of Moose Drool, which was pretty darn good way to end the day…..
… but San Jose ain’t much better nowadays, either.
Los Angeles County alone has 527 miles of freeway. That’s just about the total driving distance between LA and Tucson, Arizona.
Of course, that pavement is needed to handle the county’s millions of vehicles. Thanks to the past efforts of Cal Worthington and his dog Spot, there are now over 12,700 autos, motorcycles, and commercial vehicles registered in LA County for each mile of freeway. If you’ve been out there during Rush Hour (generally between 5:30 a.m. and 11:30 p.m.), you’ll know what I mean by this statistic.
This westward-looking image shows the I-10 (San Bernadino Freeway) / I -710 (Long Beach Freeway) interchange at Monterey Park.
Being the morning of New Year's Eve 2012, it was one of those really rare days when the freeways were relatively empty.
I’ve been wanting to take a city break in summer, rather than in the cold months for a while, so rather than heading for the Lake District for a week of toil on the fells when Jayne could get a week off, we took off from Liverpool for Paris. Flight times were nice and sociable but it meant we were on the M62 car park at a busy time in both directions – it’s a shambles! I’ve stopped over in Paris a dozen times – on my way to cycling in the Etape du Tour in the Alps or Pyrenees – and had a few nights out there. Come to think about it and we’ve spent the day on the Champs Elysees watching the final day of the Tour de France with Mark Cavendish winning. We hadn’t been for a holiday there though and it was a bit of a spur of the moment decision. Six nights gave us five and a half days to explore Paris on foot. I had a good selection of (heavy) kit with me, not wanting to make the usual mistake of leaving something behind and regretting it. In the end I carried the kit in my backpack – an ordinary rucksack – to keep the weight down, for 103 miles, all recorded on the cycling Garmin – and took 3500 photos. The little Garmin is light and will do about 15 hours, it expired towards the end of a couple of 16 hour days but I had the info I wanted by then. This also keeps the phone battery free for research and route finding – I managed to flatten that once though.
What can I say – Paris was fantastic! The weather varied from OK to fantastic, windy for a few days, the dreaded grey white dullness for a while but I couldn’t complain really. We were out around 8.30 in shorts and tee shirt, which I would swap for a vest when it warmed up, hitting 30 degrees at times, we stayed out until around midnight most nights. It was a pretty full on trip. The security at some destinations could have been a problem as there is a bag size limit to save room in the lifts etc. I found the French to be very pragmatic about it, a bag search was a cursory glance, accepting that I was lugging camera gear, not bombs around, and they weren’t going to stop a paying customer from passing because his bag was a bit over size.
We didn’t have a plan, as usual we made it up as we went along, a loose itinerary for the day would always end up changing owing to discoveries along the way. Many times we would visit something a few times, weighing the crowds and light etc. up and deciding to come back later. I waited patiently to go up the Eiffel Tower, we arrived on Tuesday and finally went up on Friday evening. It was a late decision but the weather was good, the light was good and importantly I reckoned that we would get a sunset. Previous evenings the sun had just slid behind distant westerly clouds without any golden glory. It was a good choice. We went up the steps at 7.30 pm, short queue and cheaper – and just to say that we had. The steps are at an easy angle and were nowhere near as bad as expected, even with the heavy pack. We stayed up there, on a mad and busy Friday night, until 11.30, the light changed a lot and once we had stayed a couple of hours we decided to wait for the lights to come on. This was a downside to travelling at this time of year, to do any night photography we had to stay out late as it was light until 10.30. The Eiffel Tower is incredible and very well run, they are quite efficient at moving people around it from level to level. It was still buzzing at midnight with thousands of people around. The sunset on Saturday was probably better but we spent the evening around the base of the Tower, watching the light change, people watching and soaking the party atmosphere up.
Some days our first destination was five miles away, this is a lot of road junctions in a city, the roads in Paris are wide so you generally have to wait for the green man to cross. This made progress steady but when you are on holiday it doesn’t matter too much. Needless to say we walked through some dodgy places, with graffiti on anything that stays still long enough. We were ultra-cautious with our belongings having heard the pickpocket horror stories. At every Café/bar stop the bags were clipped to the table leg out of sight and never left alone. I carried the camera in my hand all day and everywhere I went, I only popped it in my bag to eat. I would guess that there were easier people to rob than us, some people were openly careless with phones and wallets.
We didn’t enter the big attractions, it was too nice to be in a museum or church and quite a few have a photography ban. These bans make me laugh, they are totally ignored by many ( Japanese particularly) people. Having travelled around the world to see something, no one is going to stop them getting their selfies. Selfies? Everywhere people pointed their cameras at their own face, walking around videoing – their self! I do like to have a few photos of us for posterity but these people are self-obsessed.
Paris has obviously got a problem with homeless (mostly) migrants. Walk a distance along the River Seine and you will find tented villages, there is a powerful smell of urine in every corner, with the no alcohol restrictions ignored, empty cans and bottles stacked around the bins as evidence. There are families, woman living on mattresses with as many as four small children, on the main boulevards. They beg by day and at midnight they are all huddled asleep on the pavement. The men in the tents seem to be selling plastic Eiffel Tower models to the tourists or bottled water – even bottles of wine. Love locks and selfy sticks were also top sellers. There must be millions of locks fastened to railings around the city, mostly brass, so removing them will be self-funding as brass is £2.20 a kilo.
As for the sights we saw, well if it was on the map we tried to walk to it. We crossed the Periphique ring road to get to the outer reaches of Paris. La Defense – the financial area with dozens of modern office blocks – was impressive, and still expanding. The Bois de Boulogne park, with the horse racing track and the Louis Vuitton Centre was part of a 20 mile loop that day. Another day saw us in the north east. We had the dome of the Sacre Couer to ourselves, with thousands of tourists wandering below us oblivious of the entrance and ticket office under the church. Again the light was fantastic for us. We read that Pere Lachaise Cemetery or Cimitiere du Pere Lachaise was one of the most visited destinations, a five mile walk but we went. It is massive, you need a map, but for me one massive tomb is much the same as another, it does have highlights but we didn’t stay long. Fortunately we were now closer to the Canal St Martin which would lead us to Parc de la Villette. This was a Sunday and everywhere was both buzzing and chilled at the same time. Where ever we went people were sat watching the world go by, socializing and picnicking, soaking the sun up. As ever I wanted to go up on the roof of anything I could as I love taking cityscapes. Most of these were expensive compared with many places we’ve been to before but up we went. The Tour Montparnasse, a single tower block with 59 floors, 690 foot high and extremely fast lifts has incredible views although it was a touch hazy on our ascent. The Arc de Triomphe was just up the road from our hotel, we went up it within hours of arriving, well worth the visit.
At the time of writing I have no idea how many images will make the cut but it will be a lot. If I have ten subtly different shots of something, I find it hard to consign nine to the dark depths of my hard drive never to be seen again – and I’m not very good at ruthless selection – so if the photo is OK it will get uploaded. My view is that it’s my photostream, I like to be able to browse my own work at my leisure at a later date, it’s more or less free and stats tell me these images will get looked at. I’m not aiming for single stunning shots, more of a comprehensive overview of an interesting place, presented to the best of my current capabilities. I am my own biggest critic, another reason for looking at my older stuff is to critique it and look to improve on previous mistakes. I do get regular requests from both individuals and organisations to use images and I’m obliging unless someone is taking the piss. I’m not bothered about work being published (with my permission) but it is reassuringly nice to be asked. The manipulation of Flickr favourites and views through adding thousands of contacts doesn’t interest me and I do sometimes question the whole point of the Flickr exercise. I do like having access to my own back catalogue though and it gives family and friends the chance to read about the trip and view the photos at their leisure so for the time being I’m sticking with it. I do have over 15 million views at the moment which is a far cry from showing a few people an album, let’s face it, there’s an oversupply of images, many of them superb but all being devalued by the sheer quantity available.
Don’t think that it was all walking and photography, we had a great break and spent plenty of time in pavement bistros having a glass of wine and people watching. I can certainly understand why Paris is top of the travellers list of destinations
So, here it is, the reason I drove across Norfolk: Trunch in all it's glory And it is glorious.
It has so many fascinating details, each one alone would be reason enough to visit, but together, in a fine village, next to the village pub, and with that font canopy, one of only four such in all of England, and one of two in the county.
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The oldest building in Trunch is St. Botolph's Church. It is mainly 14th. and 15th. Century but there are some fragments of stone in the walls which are believed to have been reused from an earlier Saxon church, which was recorded in the Domesday Book. There is much of interest in the church including a Rood Screen, a hammer beam roof and a rare Font Canopy.
trunchhistory.weebly.com/buildings.html
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The large village of Trunch is located about 5 miles from the north Norfolk coast. In the centre of the village, surrounded by a lovely collection of cottages and the more modern Crossroads Inn, is St Botolph's church. Much of what you see of the church is early 15th century, built upon earlier foundations.
Upon entering the church the first feature you will see is the font, which dates to the mid 14th century. Though the font is attractive, it is the carved and painted font canopy that really makes a visit to Trunch worthwhile.
This is a quite remarkable piece of woodwork, one of only four such canopies surviving in the entire country (the others are at St Peter Mancroft in Norwich, Durham Cathedral, and Luton). The canopy is supported on six beautifully carved legs. The carving detail is exquisite; with fanciful animal figures and foliage and a bit of political commentary, in the shape of a pig wearing a bishop's mitre.
In addition to the font canopy, Trunch features a superb 15th century hammer beam roof, a feature of many churches in Norfolk and Suffolk. Here the carvings of angels are beautifully performed. It is worth bringing along a pair of binoculars or a telescope in order to see the carvings properly.
Much easier to see are the medieval misericords (mercy seats) in the chancel. Each carving is unique; some represent angels, and others are more grotesque in nature. In addition there are some beautifully carved pew ends and a painted medieval rood screen that rivals many more famous churches in detail and colour.
There are 12 niches in the screen, each painted with a depiction of a single figure - 11 disciples plus St Paul. Much of the costume detail is well preserved, but the faces of the figures were destroyed during the upheavals of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century.
www.britainexpress.com/counties/norfolk/churches/Trunch.htm
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William Earl Warren had the lordship of this town, (fn. 1) of which 3 freemen were deprived; one of them belonged to Herold, late King of England, another to Ralph Stalre, and the 3d to Ketel, who held 90 acres of land, and 14 borderers belonged to it, with 5 carucates among them; there was a church endowed with 10 acres, &c. 3 acres of meadow always valued at 30s. and there were also 5 freemen of Edric in King Edward's time, who had 34 acres of land, with 2 carucates, 2 acres and an half of meadow, always valued at 7s. 4d. (fn. 2)
This town also belonged to the Earl Warren's capital manor of Gimmingham, and paid suit and service to it. In the 34th of Henry III. Maud de Norwich granted by fine, to Richer, son of Nicholas, a messuage, 48 acres of land, a mill, and the sixth part of another in this town, Swathefeld and Bradfeld. In the 15th of Edward I. the Earl Warren claimed a weekly mercate, on Saturday, in this manor; and on the death of John Earl Warren, in the 21st of Edward III. the mercate was valued at 10s. per ann. the manor came after to the Earl of Lancaster, (as is before observed,) and so to John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster, and King Henry IV. and is still in the Crown, as part of the dutchy of Lancaster.
The tenths were 4l. 10s. deducted 15s.
The Church is dedicated to St. Botolph, and is a regular pile, with a nave, 2 isles, and a chancel covered with lead, and has a tower with 4 bells.
In the chancel, on a little monument,
Lancelotus Thexton cappellanus Regis Edw. VI. sacre theologie baccalaureus, et rector de Trunch obt. 25. Febr. 1588, and this shield of arms, quarterly, in the first and fourth a cross between four lions heads erased, gules, in the 2d and 3d, ermine, fretty, azure.
In a window here, argent, a fess between two chevrons, sable.
On a gravestone
Hic jacet Magr. Robt. Cantell, quo'd. rector isti. ecclie, qui. obt. 1 Sept. Ao. Dni. 1480.
Gravestones
In memory of Thomas Worts, gent. who died November 13, 1693, aged 45, with his arms, three lions rampant, - - - — William Worts. gent. who married Elizabeth, daughter of Riches Brown of Fulmodeston, Esq. died August 25, 1694, aged 60, with the arms of Worts impaling Brown; two bars, between three spears heads, - - -
¶The patronage of the church was granted to the priory of Castleacre, by William Earl Warren, the first on his founding that priory. In the reign of Edward I. the rector had a manse, and 13 acres of land valued at 16 marks, Peter-pence 13d. and the prior of Castleacre had a pension or portion of tithe valued at 40s. the present valor is 10l. 13s. 4d. and pays first fruits, &c. the Norwich registers say that William, the second Earl Warren, granted the patronage, and Eborard Bishop of Norwich, confirmed it; and that Simon the Bishop confirmed the pension in 1268.
www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol8...
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Trunch is the largest of the villages between North Walsham and the sea; but as all the industrialisation and tawdry caravan sites are hard against the coast, and Trunch is several miles inland, it has avoided these excesses and retains a great rural charm. It has a magnificent church with lots of fascinating treasures, as well as a shop, a green, a pub run by an ex-professional footballer, and generally all the typical features you expect to find in a large village in deepest rural Norfolk.
The church is perhaps the most interesting of all round about; and, while the large village lends it an urban quality that lacks the charm of, say, the churches of neighbouring Edingthorpe and Crostwight, it has by no means the Victorianised sterility of those at Bacton or Happisburgh.
St Botolph is a big church, and its tight graveyard makes it rather hard to photograph. The whole piece seems to have been rebuilt in the early 15th century, although the chancel may be a little later, and there is a hint of Decorated about the nave. The tower is quite simple, even slight. It builds boldly enough, but at the top of the second stage fades into a simple bell stage, understated, elegant and probably intended. This is not a building that shouts at you. A curiosity is the massive priest porch surrounding the door in the chancel. These are very unusual, although there is another, smaller one at neighbouring Knapton.
The great treasure, of course, is the marvellous font canopy. It is particularly fascinating because of its date, coming in the early 16th century right on the eve of the English protestant reformation. Like all church furnishings at this time - the tombs at Oxborough, for instance - it gives us a hint of what the English renaissance might have been like if it had been allowed to flower. Here, the massive structure tumbles with intricacy; fruit and flowers, leopards and lions peep around the silvery oak of the six octagonal columns which are fluted with interlocking chains of detail. The glory is the massive crown of canopied niches, with the haunting ghosts of crucifixion groups still apparent on three of the faces. The whole thing is at once in perfect harmony with the west end of the church, but exists because it was believed to be beautiful rather than known to be useful.There is only one other font canopy in Norfolk, at St Peter Mancroft in Norwich; Outside of the county there is another at Durham Cathedral, and a fourth at the parish church in Luton - but that is it.
Above the canopy is a rich 15th century hammerbeam roof, by no means as dramatic as that at nearby Knapton, but more beautiful, I think. In the space beneath the tower there is what appears to be a gallery like the plough guild gallery at Cawston. This is not as elaborate, but its oak has silvered and it is painted beautifully with trailing rose foliage.
The benching, unfortunately, is pretty much all 19th century, but along with the font canopy and roof the medieval screen survives. Like the canopy, this is richly ornamented in relief, including a bold dedicatory inscription in diagonal ribbons across the top part of the dado. The twelve figures (11 disciples and St Paul) are boldly placed and coloured, but their faces have been completely vandalised by the 16th century reformers. Low down on the north side of the doorway is a rare surviving carved consecration cross, suggesting that this screen was already installed in the newly built church of the 15th century. The screen had detached buttressing running vertically at intervals in front of it, as at Ludham. They have been almost entirely destroyed, but you can still see the fixings between the panels. It must have been magnificent.
The return stalls in the chancel are pretty much all Victorian, but they retain medieval misericords, and also you can see quatrefoil holes set into a sounding chamber to amplify the singing. There is a very curious memorial above the priest door, featuring the instruments of the passion. I have no idea how old it is.
All of these features would be enough, but part of the attraction of St Botolph is the sense of harmony, the way everything works together. You can add to these the sedilia, the magnificent organ, and the modern design of the glass in the east window. It is a peaceful, inspiring space.
Cottages and houses hem in the graveyard, and in the corner is the modern pub. Incidentally, I don't really know if the bloke who runs it is an ex-professional footballer. But, like many rural Norfolk landlords, he seems to be a cheerful 40-something cockney who serves a decent pint and cheap food - a recommended stop for churchcrawlers.
Simon Knott, April 2005
www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/trunch/trunch.htm
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And the pub is still good.
I wanted a clean shot without the people, but didn't have much time to wait for it to clear, and more people were going in.
Baddesley Clinton House and the Bridge over the Moat is a Grade I listed building.
Manor house. Late C15, on earlier site; south-east range refronted c.1736: late C19 service wing added to north-east side of south-west range designed and built by Edward Heneage Dering. Courtyard plan. North-east range: stone ashlar; old brick flues, bridge end stack to right with octagonal brick flue. 2-storey, 6-window range. Gatehouse at right of centre: 4-centred outer archway encloses 4-centred doorway with spandrels. Panelled and studded door to inner doorway. 6-light stone mullion and transom window to first floor. Battlemented parapet to gatehouse. 2-light stone mullion window with 4-centre arched heads to lights, at left of centre 3-light stone mullion window with 4-centre arched heads to lights, at right,. 5-light stone mullion window to left of centre. Two 3-light stone mullion windows, with flat stone arches having keystones, to left. Continuous hoodmould to right, and to left of centre. 4-light stone mullion window to first floor right. 3-light stone mullion window to first floor right of centre. 4-light stone mullion window to first floor left of centre. Two 3-light stone mullion window to first floor left. South-east range: red brick; old plain-tile roof; various brick stacks,with octagonal or diagonally set brick flues, 2 storey A-window range. Irregular fenestration, mostly of C18 three-light wood casements with segmental brick heads. south-west range: stone ashlar; old plain-tile roof; various brick stacks. 2-storey, 6-window range. Irregular fenestration, mostly of 3-light stone mullion windows. Single-storey addition to centre with hipped old plain-tile roof, has 2 round-arched blind recesses to moat. Wood casement window to ground floor. Courtyard: irregular fenestration. Interior: entrance hall has close-studded timber-framing to walls. Great hall has stone fireplace of decorative pillars supporting a frieze and atlantes flanking rectangular panel with round heraldic central panel with strapwork surroundings. Dining room has late C16 panelling and carved wood fireplace with pillars supporting a frieze and with richly carved central heraldic panel. Drawing room has C17 panelling and chimney piece placed here C18 Henry Ferrers' Bedroom, also known as the state bedroom has panelling and chimney-piece of c.1629. Other rooms also have panelling and carved chimney pieces. Bridge. Early C18. Red brick. 2 round arches, plain brick parapet. History: site held by the Clintons, then was bought by John Brome in 1438. Held by the Brome family, and passed by inheritance to the Ferrers family in 1517. Henry Ferrers (1549-1633) carried out much work at the house. (Buildings of England: Warwickshire: 1966, pp8l-82; Baddesley Clinton: national Trust Guide Book, 1986) (60)
Baddesley Clinton House and Bridge over the Moat - Heritage Gateway
Baddesley Clinton is a National Trust property.
Greenish Warbler
The greenish warbler (Phylloscopus trochiloides) is a widespread leaf warbler with a breeding range in northeastern Europe and temperate to subtropical continental Asia. This warbler is strongly migratory and winters in India. It is not uncommon as a spring or early autumn vagrant in Western Europe and is annually seen in Great Britain. In Central Europe large numbers of vagrant birds are encountered in some years; some of these may stay to breed, as a handful of pairs does each year in Germany.
Like all leaf warblers, it was formerly placed in the "Old World warbler" assemblage, but now belongs to the new leaf-warbler family Phylloscopidae. The genus name Phylloscopus is from Ancient Greek phullon, "leaf", and skopos, "seeker" (from skopeo, "to watch"). The specific trochiloides is from Ancient Greek trokhalos, "bowed", and -oides "resembling", from the similarity to the willow warbler, P. trochilus.
This is a typical leaf warbler in appearance, grayish-green above and off-white below. The single wing bar found in the southern and western populations distinguishes them from most similar species (except Arctic warbler P. borealis). It is slightly smaller than that species and has a thinner bill, without a dark tip to the lower mandible. A latitude-based analysis of wintering birds indicated that more northerly P. trochiloides are smaller, i.e. this species does not seem to follow Bergmann's rule.
Its song is a high jerky trill, in some populations containing a sequence of down- and more rarely up slurred notes.
It breeds in lowland deciduous or mixed forest; non-breeding birds in the warmer parts of its range may move to montane habitat in summer. Individuals from southeast of the Himalayas are for example quite often seen in Bhutan during the hot months, typically in humid Bhutan Fir (Abies densa) forest up to about 3,800 meters ASL or more, but they do not breed there and return again to the adjacent subtropical lowlands in winter.
The nest is on the ground in low shrub. Like its relatives, this small passerine is insectivorous.
It has a number of subspecies, of which P. t . viridianus is the most familiar in Europe. As it seems, it is a ring species, with populations diverging east- and westwards of the Tibetan Plateau, later meeting on the northern side. Their relationships are therefore fairly confusing:
Eastern group: greenish warblers
Phylloscopus trochiloides trochiloides: greenish warbler
Southern rim of the Himalaya eastwards from Nepal into W China.
Dusky greyish green above, often traces of second wing bar.
Phylloscopus trochiloides obscuratus: dull-green warbler
Intermediate between trochiloides and two-barred warbler.
Gansu and surroundings, China.
Western group: green warblers
Phylloscopus trochiloides viridanus: western greenish warbler
Breeds Western Siberia to north-east Europe; at east of range south to NW India.
Dull green above, with yellowish supercilium, throat, breast and faint wing bar.
The groups' origin lies probably in the Himalayan region, where trochiloides is found. This taxon is close to the parapatric obscuratus, and to plumbeitarsus which is geographically separated from obscuratus; they all can (and in the case of the former two do naturally) hybridize. P. t. plumbeitarsus is often split as distinct species, as it does not hybridize with viridianus in the narrow zone in the western Sayan Mountains where their ranges overlap.
But phylogenetically, the western taxa are even more distinct. However, there is some gene flow between trochiloides and viridianus also, with their hybrids being especially common in Baltistan; they were once considered another subspecies ludlowi. The green warbler P. nitidus, now by many considered a distinct species, is a mountain isolate that diverged from ancestral viridianus.
Song structure differs mainly between greenish warbler and two-barred warbler, which was formerly considered conspecific. The former has a fairly uniform, long, and warbling song. Around the Himalayas, song structure is similar, but songs are generally shorter. Two-barred warbler, on the other hand, has a long song that can be clearly divided into a warbling part, followed by series of up- and down slurred notes. The songs of obscuratus, and, interestingly, "ludlowi", are short, but contain the downslur elements too; in the latter, they uniquely appear at the start of the song.
Now, I've never wrestled in my life, but I've always liked heelless shoes, (alternating with higher heeled shoes) and back in the 1980's I got turned on to wrestling shoes by a friend who wore them all the time. He let me borrow a pair for a while, they were way too big, but I went and got my first pair, the white Nikes that now have almost no sole left. In fact I wore them until most of the sole had worn through, the final winter with the soles of an old pair of flip flops covering the sole holes. Anyway, I got a pair of Asics to replace them, and then when a sneaker store went bottom up in the late 1990's and was selling shoes for $5 to $10 a pair, I bought several more pair. This is one pair from that group.
Most of the sneakers I bought then have come apart, the rubber failing. The innersoles in these have turned to lumpy dust and the soles are becoming hard and cracking. I wore them for a day with the dusty remains of the innersoles between my toes, rather like walking on a sandy beach. But then I dumped the dust out, as it was beginning to spill on my carpets. I still wear the sneakers, though.
A Hermes 3000 typewriter, circa 1972. A pair of tan Shenango stacking cups. A tan Wallace mug, handpainted but destroyed by dishwashers. A Grindley Duraline green crest coffee cup. A small Wallace platter decorated with two thin green stripes, sitting on a similarly decorated larger Warwick platter, sitting on a larger dark-brown-striped Wallace platter. A pair of Grindley hotelware platters sporting the 1950s Canadian Railway News colours. A Grindley Carlton rimmed soup bowl, resting on a Maddock Fleurette dinner plate. Two sets of Dudson Armorlite salt and pepper shakers. A showroom sample Syracuse Vandesca berry bowl, resting on a handpainted Maddock hotelware platter. A Globe small porridge bowl in an art deco York-y pattern, resting on a Grindley Duraline Carnival luncheon plate, resting on a Maddock Colborne dinner plate. A pair of small Warwick side plates.
A coffee cup made by Grindley Hotelware for the University of Alberta, resting on a pair of Mayer China Fernwood saucers. A small Grindley green stripe creamer. A Sterling China pedestal mug from the Hotel Coronado in San Diego. A small Shenango cream pitcher from an unidentified locale (“CH”). Five demitasses from the Hotel Vancouver, made by Royal Doulton. A cream pitcher from the Glacier National Park Lodge. A pair of small Kimax sample bottles. A couple of A.B. Dick lettering stencils. A slide rule for calculating the cement you need for different jobs, seventies swag (“stuff we all got”) from Ocean Cement. A Pyrex 150ml beaker. A Schott 250ml boiling flask. In front of them, a Pyrex filtration tube. An E-Mil Gold Line 500ml boiling flask from the 1950s. An ashtray advertising Champagne de Castelnau, Epernay (“Qui S’y Frotte S’y Pique”). An ashtray from the Seattle Space Needle, and one from Lo Curto’s Hawaiian Gardens in San Jose. Two bent glass trays (quietly) advertising AEI, onetime British electronics giant. Another bent glass tray, a souvenir of the Alaska cruise ship the Polar Star.
A cardboard drum to hold 5,000 of Gantrisin tablets. Two sets of glass floor protectors, probably all made by Dominion Glass. A wooden 4x6 index card file box. A steel Bialetti stovetop coffee maker, probably 1960s. A promotional Aspirin glass, ca. 1950s - 1960s. Two wee Ittala shot glasses, and one tumbler. And a set of modern bongos!
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A. Why get a pedal boat?
We’ll start this article by discussing why we need a pedal boat.
Your loved ones might be quite enthusiastic about spending several days on the lake, but you would like to find a pedal boat to make the experience even better.
There are large pedal boats out there that can hold as many as six passengers, and there are also the smaller ones capable of holding only a couple of people. The pedal boat is usually propelled by a set of pedals which are positioned on either side with two people pedaling. The boat’s direction can be controlled by the presence of a stick placed at the center of the boat.
One significant bonus to a pedal boat is a canopy which protects the user from the sun while you’re on the water. It is not at all difficult to store a pedal boat to safeguard the vessel from the weather, debris, and other elements while it is not being used. Moreover, the pedaling system is not hard to operate, and even a child of three can do it. With fantastic stability, this type of boat can also be used by the elderly.
In a nutshell, a pedal boat has all the ingredients to turn your holidays into something which you will remember for a long time to come!
How do they work?
The conventional models use human-powered pedals, which will turn a wheel under the watercraft and make it go forward. Pedal boats are simple to use and easy to steer. They have both the levers and the pedals at the front.
However, several models have not only one but two sets of pedals which give them more power. And some modern ones also have a trolling motor. It means you can use the motors when tired of using the pedals.
Keep in mind that pedal boats are not made for the sea. The salt water will damage the parts and materials of a pedal boat. So, it is better to stick to lakes or ponds.
B. What to look for in a good pedal boat?
When it comes to purchasing a good pedal boat, we will first discuss the materials. You can always go for HDPE/plastic which is quite durable and resilient; however, it will not be much more useful when the hull is beached on either dirt or sand. Fiberglass can be your next option and, in fact, it is used a lot these days. The majority of the pedal boaters tend to buy fiberglass pedal boats when purchasing for the first time and this trend has also been seen with second-hand buyers particularly after burning through the hull of the plastic boats within a few years. It might likewise be a wise idea to opt for ABS which happens to be a decent plastic material for your boat given that it is even harder as well as lighter compared to HDPE/RAMX. However, ABS might prove to be a bit more expensive in the long run. Aluminum is also a great choice. The only drawback with aluminum is that it conducts electricity and also there is a lack of foam.
The ideal place to purchase your pedal boat is online, but you need to be aware of the prices as well as the sites themselves. Never accept any product which comes with a hidden freight charge which you need to pay for after getting your boat. Moreover, the place from where you purchase must have adequate customer service.
How to choose a pedal boat?
The functions of all pedal boat model are similar. However, some manufacturers may use a lower grade quality product than the other. Check for the material that they used for the deck (top) and hull (bottom). Most are made of plastic, but we want some materials with fiberglass or at least reinforced plastic. The thick material will prevent deterioration and leakage. There are some pedal boats made from HDPE/plastic, which is tough in some area but prone to leakage when the hull is beached. Better-quality material means a pedal boat is more durable and long-lasting.
You should also check the maximum weight that your pedal boat can hold. Because sometimes the manufacturers can advertise a pedal boat can support five people, while they mean two adults and three children. If you are going to use it with many friends or teenagers, then this model may not be up your alley.
Another thing is to check the additional features that a pedal boat has to offer. Some models may be equipped with canopies for the hot summer day. While another may be equipped with a cooler.
Lastly, you can check whether the pedal boat has self-bailing features. Self-bailing means if water gets into your pedal boat deck than you don’t have to scoop the water out manually. A full self-bailing model has a system to let the water out so it won’t get trapped in the deck. This feature comes in handy when you leave your boat out in the rain. Some models claim to be beach bailing, meaning you can put them on the beach and they will dump the water from the back. While some models are both self-bailing and foam filled. Foam filled means the boats are filled with foam entirely to keep the water out. The foam filled boats are the best way to keep water out, but it also makes the pedal boat heavier.
Current Top 4 Pedal Boats
There are many pedal boat model out there, and we compiled the top four according to price, features, and durability.
The Sun Dolphin Sun Slider 5 Seat Pedal Boat is our top pick for this year. While the runner-up is Sun Dolphin’s Water Wheeler Electric. And our budget pick is the Sun Dolphin’s Sun Slider 3 Seat.
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price
#1
Sun Dolphin 5 Seat Sun Slider
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#2
Sun Dolphin 3 seat pedal boat
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#3
The Water Wheeler Electric from Sun Dolphin
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1. Sun Dolphin 5 Seat Sun Slider Review
The Sun Slider 5 is made of UV-stabilized Fortiflex polyethylene for its deck and hull. This is a high-quality material which will make your pedal boat durable and lightweight. Two people can easily transport the Sun Slider 5.
This particular boat fits as many as five individuals on board which makes it a great choice when it comes to enjoying a great time on the lake with friends. Moreover, it includes a resilient and waterpBCL_paddle_boats_BCL_paddle_boats_roof canopy which will safeguard you from the sun, and you can also fold it in case you do not need the canopy.
It comes with inbuilt coolers for snack and drinks. On top of this, there is also an inbuilt motor mount provided by the manufacturer in case you want to convert to an electric pedal boat.
The pedals for this model are made of polystyrene foam floatation, which is also a top-notch material. The Sun Dolphin Team listened to peoples concerns and made pedaling light and easy; you won’t feel like your working out when you use their pedals.
The pedal boat also comes with a couple of sets of pedal cranks, however even one person can operate the Sun Slider 5 easily. The steering level and paddle wheel make it easy to steer above water.
With the presence of a robust 30 lb thrust motor, your journey is going to be smooth and comfortable. Five people can be easily fit in this boat. In a nutshell, the Sun dolphin five is a fantastic choice if your budget is limited.
The maximum capacity for the Sun Slider 5 is 825 lbs. This means the pedal boat can support up to 5 adults. The seats on the Sun Slider 5 are adjustable to make the boat comfortable for 2 or five people without issue.
The downside is this pedal boat is that it’s not self-bailing. This means it cannot prevent any water getting on board. And if by chance you splash some water inside the pedal boat, then you need to manually remove it. Flip it over after use and let it dry under the sun.
The Sun Slider 5 has it all, from high-quality material, weight capacity, and tons of additional features. Added with easy pedaling and smooth performance make the Sun Slider 5 comes on top of our list.
E. Sun Dolphin 3 seat pedal boat review – The Budget Pick
The Sun Slider 3 is a small pedal boat, made for two people. The Sun Slider 3 is also made of UV stabilized Fortiflex’ polyethylene for its deck and hull and a closed cell of polystyrene foam. These two are top quality materials from Sun Dolphin.
The Sun Slider 3 maximum capacity is 450 lbs. Or it can support three adults. Although advertised as a three seat pedal boat, the Sun Slider 3 is more convenient with two people, since all three seats are located side by side. On the back of the Sun Slider 3, you will find two cooling storages, which you can use to bring the necessary items for your outing. Also, the seat is all formed and non-adjustable, which can be awkward for the third person in the middle. There is also no space for a trolling motor, so you cannot upgrade the model to an electric model.
The Sun Slider 3 is not self-bailing, so you need to manually empty the water when it gets into the pedal boat. The water also tends to get in between the deck and the hull. It is better to rinse and store them vertically with the drain plug removed after every use and make sure it is thoroughly dry.
The Sun Slider 3 is excellent for those of you who are on a budget, and still, want to have fun with the family.
Although compact in size, the Sun Dolphin 3 has received numerous positive testimonials. At present, you will get it in two different shades, namely blue as well as a greenish teal. However, blue is undoubtedly the preferred choice amongst buyers.
Since three individuals will not be needed to operate the pedals, one can also venture out with only two pedalers or even alone.
However, some people have complained that this boat is a bit heavy despite the fact that it weighs only 96 lbs. It depends entirely on the people on board, and the pedal boat is not overly heavy by any means. The Sun Dolphin 3 will never disappoint you when it comes to having fun and comes highly recommended.
Our Runner-Up Pick: The Water Wheeler Electric from Sun Dolphin
As the name suggests, the Water Wheeler is an electric pedal boat. This model comes equipped with a powerful yet small Minn-Kota trolling motor, which lets you choose to pedal manually or use the motor to glide across the water. The option to use the motor allows you just to relax and enjoy the view around you.
The Water Wheeler is made from UV stabilized Fortiflex’ polyethylene, a closed cell polystyrene foam floatation, and oil infused bushings added with rubber seals. These high-quality materials make the Water Wheeler go beyond the Sun Slider 5. However, the Water Wheeler is a tad bit heavier than its cousin, due to the trolling motor.
The trolling motor from Minn-Kota is surprisingly quiet and powerful. The noise that comes from this small motor is just as if you were using the pedal yourself.
The Water Wheeler also has tons of features, just like the Sun Slider 5. It comes with an adjustable canopy, drink holders, adjustable seats and cooling storage. However, the Water Wheeler only supports a maximum of 4 adults or three adults and two children. The maximum capacity for the Water Wheeler is 800 lbs., smaller than the Sun Slider 5.
The price is the most significant downside for the Water Wheeler. Compared to other models, the Water Wheeler price is in the luxurious price range, again due to the motor. And people are considering whether it is genuinely worth the features, however, it is cheaper to purchase the Water Wheeler rather than the Sun Slider with the additional purchase of a trolling motor if the motor is what you’re looking for. If you would like to experience gliding over water effortlessly with your family than the Water Wheeler is your best option.
How do I transport a pedal boat?
You will need at least a pickup truck, as pedal boats mostly fit in them, but make sure that you can lift them in and out your truck. Or the easiest way is to take bring it over a flatbed trailer which you can attach to your car. There is also a pedal boat trailer which is designed to back out into the water. Also, we recommend that you buy an optional pedal boat dolly to help you move the boat to your garage or boathouse.
How do I store the pedal boat?
Pedal boat materials are sensitive to weather, which means you need to protect them from low temperatures, rain, and snow. If you leave them to the elements, it can lead to deterioration and leakages. Storing them in a garage is the best option, but if you don’t have any extra space in your garage, then just cover them with a thick cover. Avoid using a plastic cover since it may cause mildew, and your pedal boat will trap moisture. Also, remember to rinse them with fresh water and cleanse the debris after use
Keep in mind that water tends to get in between the hull and the deck. If you leave water inside the pedal boat for too long, it will create mold and rust. However, it is also hard to dry the area between the hull and the deck since there is no airflow. You need to tilt your pedal boat and open the drain plug to pour the water out. This is the reason you need to store some models vertically.
Wrapping Up
Activities involving pedal boats are guaranteed fun for all ages. You can also use them to observe wildlife or have a relaxing time in the midst of the lake. Our top pick for you is the Sun Dolphin’s Sun Slider 5 Seat Pedal Boat, as it is durable, lightweight, easy to paddle, and has tons of additional features. Our runner-up goes to the Sun Dolphin’s Water Wheeler Electric due to a bit higher price. While our best value on a budget pick is the Sun Dolphin’s 3 Seat Pedal Boat, for beginners, who are on a limited budget. We hope this guide helped you and happy pedaling!
www.pedalboats.org/the-essential-guide-for-selecting-a-go...
But now in September the garden has cooled, and with it my possessiveness. The sun warms my back instead of beating on my head ... The harvest has dwindled, and I have grown apart from the intense midsummer relationship that brought it on."
- Robert Finch
As a builder who begs for challenges, I couldn't help but try to push the limits of what one can do within a 16x16 baseplate as far as the functions go. While the build itself wasn't particularly stunning or challenging to build imo, all my time and effort has gone into making a "no money no ride" system. As shown in the clip, a minifig can only access the ride after paying $100, and once he/she gets on the ride, as "The Man Upstairs", you can choose to turn the handle clockwise for "Infinite mode" (where the ride can go on and on forever), or "Realistic Mode", (where the ride will stop after seconds, but you still gotta pay $100, and therefore, overpriced :P ). Afterwards, the player can leave from the back of the ride, and the next person has to pay again in order to enter the ride.
As it is overpriced, thieves may wanna come steal the money, but fear not, money can only be collected if you have the key~ Hope you guys like it!
Full Album: www.flickr.com/photos/legocityson/albums/72157664553728778
This is a long description but worth the time.
Col. Peter J. Ortiz USMC
A Leathernecks war in Africa and Europe
By Rocklin D. Lyons
The obituary for Col. Peter J. Ortiz on May 21, 1988 read “Col. Peter J. Ortiz, a legendary officer in the Marine Corps, died of cancer Monday at the Veterans Medical Center in Prescott Arizona. He was 75 years old and lived in Prescott”.
During his active military service Ortiz was awarded two Navy Crosses, The Legion of Merit with combat V, Two Purple Hearts, The Order of the British Empire, and five Croix de Guerre. The French government also made him a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor along with numerous other military honors.
In a ceremony at Arlington National Cemetery Col. Ortiz was laid to rest with full military honors with representatives of the British and French governments in attendance along with a large delegation of Marines. Thus ended a remarkable life. Two not very memorable films 13 Rue Madeleine (1947) and Operation Secret (1952) were based on his exploits.
Born in 1913 in New York City to a French father and an American mother, Ortiz spent most of his early years in La Jolla in Southern California. However, after elementary school, at the insistence of his father he moved to France and attended the Lycée de Pau and Bayonne. Later he spent a year at the College du Montcel in Versailles. Young Ortiz enjoyed sports and outdoor activity more than study and in 1932 at the age of 19 he enlisted in the French Foreign legion. When his father, a wealthy publisher, learned what he had done he tried to buy young Peter’s way out but Ortiz refused.
The true motivation for young Peter Ortiz to join the Foreign Legion will probably never be known. Many who join the Legion are running away from the law or serious family problems. There is no evidence that that was the case with Ortiz, who was from a upper class background and had never been in any serious trouble. Perhaps it was merely a youthful desire for adventure. Whatever the reasons for his joining, he did well in the Legion.
Over the next five years he rose from private to acting lieutenant within the Legion. During this time he fought boredom more than the Riff Berbers. He was a model soldier in the 7th Regiment where he received his initial parachute training and advanced to the rank of sergeant in charge of an armoured car squadron. Wounded in 1933 while serving in Africa he received numerous decorations, including the Croix De Guerre with two palms, one gold star, one silver star, five citations, the Croix de Combatants, the Ouissam Alouite and the Medal Militaire. Although offered a permanent commission if he would re-enlist, he resigned in 1937 and returned to the states.
For a brief period Ortiz acted as a technical director in Hollywood on military matters, however when war broke out in 1939 he was determined to return to France to fight. Sailing out of Canada for Europe, his ship was torpedoed by a German U-boat but his luck held and he was picked up and continued on to France.
In October of 1939 he once again enlisted in the French Foreign Legion and in May of 1940 he received a battlefield commission and rose to First lieutenant. During this period he received numerous additional French decorations. Ortiz was badly wounded in June of 1940 when he drove a motorcycle through a German camp and blew up a gasoline storage facility. His wound left him temporarily paralyzed and he was captured and imprisoned as a POW by the Germans
For the next year Ortiz was moved from one prison camp to another in Germany, Poland and Austria. Having made several escape attempts the Germans regarded him as a troublemaker and treated him accordingly. Finally, in October of 1941 he was successful in his escape and in evading the Gestapo and made it safely into Portugal. While in Lisbon both the British and the Free French offered him commissions but his back was not yet completely healed and he wanted to serve as an American.
Returning to the States by way of Lisbon, Ortiz found himself the subject of intense interest by the Army and Navy intelligence services who debriefed him extensively. He was promised a commission but when it was not forthcoming by June of 1942 he enlisted in the United States Marine Corps and reported to Parris Island for recruit training.
One can imagine the consternation of his drill instructors when he appeared wearing his decorations (as he was entitled to do) while a recruit in training. His unique history quickly came to the attention of Colonel Louis R. Jones the Chief of Staff of the recruit depot who promptly recommended Ortiz for a commission. His recommendation included the comment "We spotted him shortly after his arrival. From appearances, the Marine Corps would be unbeatable if all our men were like him."
On August 1st of 1942 Peter J. Ortiz was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Marine Corps reserve and due to his special qualifications he was promoted again on December 3, 1942 to the rank of Captain. Shortly after receiving his commission he received orders to attend the Parachute school at Camp LeJeune, North Carolina even though he was a qualified parachutist with over one hundred jumps with the Legion.
Among his other unique skills, Ortiz spoke ten languages, five fluently, including French and Arabic. On December 21st 1942 he was assigned duties as assistant naval attaché in Tangiers Morocco. Ortiz's orders were extraordinarily general which allowed him to attach himself to any unit he saw fit. In his after action report Captain Ortiz wrote:
I was, for excellent personal reasons and as a representative of the Marine Corps, particularly desirous of seeing and taking part in action against the Germans. I happened to be in Gafsa* when the evacuation order was received. Although later claimed by the press as a perfect example of an orderly and well-planned retreat, I thought it characterized by confusion and an alarming contagion of panic. Dozens of vehicles were damaged or abandoned and an number of American soldiers and local civilians run over through inadequate traffic control. Bridges were prematurely blown up, stranding our men on the wrong side
In the weeks following, Ortiz attached himself first to the British Derbyshire Yoemanry; next with a Foreign Legion unit and then with the American 1st Armored Division. During this time he came under fire from mortars, aircraft and the deadly German 88mm dual-purpose guns.
On 8 March Ortiz reported to The British Colonel commanding BRANDON at Guelmna and wsa sent forward to a base at Le Kouif supporting the 2nd Corps. Here he was assigned a mixed squad of 5 Spaniards and a British radio operator and ordered to meet up with another commando unit and “do some mischief with the jerries.”
In his excellent paper written for the Marine Corps Command and Staff College Major Robert E. Mattingly USMC described Ortiz actions: On the night of 18 March, Ortiz' squad pushed off in a pouring rain. Three days later, they were well beyond the Allied lines and moving across the rough cross-compartments northwest of the pass. It was still raining. At 2300, Ortiz called a halt. Leaving his assistant, a Spaniard named Amando, in charge, he struck out alone for the main roadway far below. Crossing a valley in which he constantly sank to his knees in mud, Ortiz finally reached the highway and began cautiously looking for tank tracks. It was pitch black and the downpour blotted out any sound.
Moving slowly in and out of the shallow wadis which cut across the roadbed, Ortiz spent nearly two hours on his personal reconnaissance. Then, just before turning back, the enemy he was seeking found him.
Ortiz was hit by the first burst of fire. One bullet shattered his right hand and another grazed his left leg. Rolling to his left, he saw the flashes of a machine gun 30 yards to his front. Rising to one knee he began throwing Petard anti-tank grenades left-handed. The first fell short, but the second scored a direct hit, exploding with "a terrific blast that stopped all automatic fire"
With rifle shots still singing around him from another position further to the right, Ortiz crawled away. Despite loss of blood and the effects of shock, he managed to reach his men, who carried and dragged him all the way back to friendly lines.
Ortiz was hospitalized and after successful surgery on his hand he returned to his commander and requested more combat duty. Instead he was ordered back to the states to recuperate. He arrived in Washington DC on April 27 and rather than take a well deserved rest he reported immediately to Headquarters Marine Corps for further assignment.
After recovering from his wounds he was assigned to the OSS and in July of 1943 Cpt. Ortiz flew to London for further assignment in France with the French resistance. Assigned to a team of British, French and American agents in Southeastern France in the Haute Savole region with a former British schoolmaster and an excellent French radio operator known as “Monnier” the team parachuted into France on January 6.
Code named UNION, the teams’ primary function was to organize guerilla warfare activity behind the German lines and to determine the military capabilities of the French units. Finding many of the French willing to fight but without weapons, UNION arranged for the clandestine delivery of weapons and then trained the French in their operation.
One of the episodes attributed to Col. Ortiz during this period appeared in Leatherneck magazine in January 1991.
“In the course of his duties he began frequenting a nightclub in Lyons that catered to German officers. This enabled Ortiz to gain much information regarding German activities in the area, which he turned to good use against the Germans. This Marine had worn his Marine uniform when leading Maquis groups in raids. To have an Allied officer leading them bolstered their morale immensely, especially when the uniform bore such impressive decorations.
One night, while Ortiz sat with the German officers at the club in Lyons, an enemy soldier damned President Franklin Roosevelt. He then damned the United States of America. And then, for whatever reason, he damned the United States Marine Corps (Ortiz later wrote that he "could not, for the life of me, figure why a German officer would so dislike American Marines when, chances were, he'd never met one.")
Perhaps Ortiz was bored. Perhaps he......he excused himself from the table and returned to his apartment where....changed into the uniform of a U.S. Marine....he then shrugged into a raincoat and returned to the club....he ordered a round of drinks ... refreshments were served.... removed his raincoat and stood brandishing his pistol. "A toast, he said, beaming, respendent in full greens and decorations, "to the President of the United States!" As the pistol moved from German officer to German officer, they emptied their glasses. He ordered another round of drinks and then offered a toast to the United States Marine Corps! After the Germans had drained their glasses, the Marine backed out, pistol leveled at his astonished hosts. He disappeared into the rainy, black night.”
A slightly different version of this story has Cpt. Ortiz in uniform but covered with an overcoat sitting at an outside café when upon hearing a German Officer curse the United State Marine Corps, Ortiz jumped up, threw off his coat and drawing two 45 caliber M1911 pistols proceeded to shoot the offending officers. Neither version explains why this German would single out the Marine Corps for his remarks as the Marines were not fighting in Europe other than a very few such as Ortiz on special assignments.
Lieutenant Colonel Robert Mattingly wrote a similar version in his prize-winning monograph, Herringbone Cloak--GI Dagger: Marines of the OSS:
Ortiz in particular was fond of going straight into the German-occupied towns. On one occasion, he strolled into a cafe dressed in a long cape. Several Germans were drinking and cursing the maquis. One mentioned the fate which would befall the filthy American swine when he was caught. (The Nazis apparently knew of Ortiz' existence in the area with the maquis) This proved a great mistake. Captain Ortiz threw back the cape revealing his Marine uniform. In each hand he held a .45 automatic. When the shooting stopped, there were fewer Nazis to plan his capture and Ortiz was gone into the night.
In spite of numerous difficulties due to lack of supplies, poor security and difficulty coordinating activities among the various resistance groups that often were at cross purposes to each other, Ortiz and his team successfully carried out training and operational missions against the Germans. One of his successful operation resulted in the repatriation of four allied pilots downed in France when he personally led them over the Pyrenees to safety.
In May of 1944 the UNION team was withdrawn to England. While in England Ortiz was promoted to Major and received the first of his Navy Crosses. The citation read::
For extraordinary heroism while attached to the United States Naval Command, Office of Strategic Services, London, England, in connection with military operations against an armed enemy, in enemy-occupied territory, from 8 January to 20 May 1944. Operating in civilian clothes and aware that he would be subject to execution in the event of his capture, Major Ortiz parachuted from an airplane with two other officers of an Inter-Allied mission to reorganize existing Maquis groups and organize additional groups in the region of Rhone. By his tact, resourcefulness and leadership, he was largely instrumental in effecting the acceptance of the mission by the local resistance leaders, and also in organizing parachute operations for the delivery of arms, ammunition and equipment for use by the Maquis in his region. Although his identity had become known to the Gestapo with the resultant increase in personal hazard, he voluntarily conducted to the Spanish border four Royal Air Force officers who had been shot down in his region, and later returned to resume his duties. Repeatedly leading successful raids during the period of this assignment, Major Ortiz inflicted heavy casualties on enemy forces greatly superior in number, with small losses to his own forces. By his heroic leadership and astuteness in planning and executing these hazardous forays, Major Ortiz served as an inspiration to his subordinates and upheld the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
The British Government also recognized Cpt. Ortiz bravery. The citation from King George VI which made him a member of the Most Honourable Order of the British Empire reads in part:
For four months this officer assisted in the organization of the Maquis in a most difficult department, where members were in constant danger of attack . . . he ran great risks in looking after four RAF officers who had been brought down in the neighborhood, and accompanied them to the Spanish border.
In the course of his efforts to obtain the release of these officers, he raided a German military garage and took ten Gestapo motors which he used frequently. . . . he procured a Gestapo pass for his own use in spite of the fact that he was well known to the enemy. . . "
On August 1st Maj. Ortiz returned to France in command of a team which included Army Air Forces Captain Francis Coolidge, Gunnery Sergeant Robert La Salle, Sergeants Charles Perry, John P. Bodnar, Frederick J. Brunner, and Jack R. Risler, all Marines, and a Free French officer, Joseph Arcelin, who carried false papers identifying him as a Marine. This mission was listed as UNION II. All team members wore their uniforms throughout this mission to avoid being shot as spies if captured.
The daylight drop into France started badly when Sergeant Perry’s parachute failed and he died in the fall. He was subsequently buried with military honors in spite of the danger that this created for those present. A total of 864 containers of equipment meant for the French Bulle Battalion were also dropped at that time adding substantially to the risk of discovery by the Germans or betrayal by local civilians.
During the days immediately following their insertion, the team instructed the battalion in the operation and maintenance of their new equipment and began patrols intended to link up with other resistance groups operating in the area. In an after action report Sergeant Brunner stated: On 14 August we proceeded to Beaufort where we made contact with other F.F.I. (Forces Francaises de liInterieur) companies and from there went on to Montgirod where we were told there were heavy concentrations of Germans. We were able to enter the town but had no sooner done so than we were heavily shelled by German batteries located in the hills around the city. We were forced to retire and hid out in the mountains near Montgirod with the Bulle Battalion. The Germans quickly surrounded the area.
On August 16th Maj. Ortiz and his men were in the town of Centron when a element consisting of several hundred soldiers of a German Alpine division entered the town surprising them both. Ortiz and his two of his men retreated under heavy fire to the South East part of Centron. The remainder of the team made it across the Isere River and met up with another resistance group.
As Ortiz and his men moved from house to house under fire from the pursuing Germans many French civilians fearing German reprisals begged the American to surrender. Knowing that the Germans had in fact conducted such reprisals Ortiz was faced with a dilemma, as he described after his liberation from a German POW camp.
Since the activities of Mission Union and its previous work were well know to the Gestapo, there was no reason to hope that we would be treated as ordinary prisoners of war. For me personally the decision to surrender was not too difficult. I had been involved in dangerous activities for many years and was mentally prepared for my number to turn up. Sergeant Bodnar was next to me and I explained the situation to him and what I intended to do. He looked me in the eye and replied, "Major, we are Marines, what you think is right goes for me too"
After his surrender with the two sergeants, the German commander wanted to know where the remainder of his troops were. When informed that it was just the tree of them the German was clearly skeptical, however after a thorough search of the town he was forced to accept that only three Marines had held off his battalion.
From September 29th thru April 10th 1945 Ortiz was held at a naval POW camp Marlag/Milag Nord where he tried several escape attempts. On April 10th the camp commandant ordered all prisoners to prepare to leave due to the proximity of allied troops. While enroute the column came under attack by British Spitfires. In the confusion Ortiz and three other prisoners made good their escape.
Once free in the heart of Germany there problems were not over. Maj. Ortiz in a later report stated: We spent ten days hiding, roving at night, blundering into enemy positions hoping to find our way into British lines. Luck was with us. Once we were discovered but managed to get away, and several other times we narrowly escaped detection...By the seventh night, we had returned near our camp. I made a reconnaissance of Marlag O....There seemed to be only a token guard and prisoners of war appeared to have assumed virtual control of the compounds.
Facing the very real threat of starvation the men simply walked back into the camp where they were met with a warm welcome by their fellow prisoners and virtually ignored by the remaining guards. On April 29th the British 7th Guards Armoured Division liberated the camp and Ortiz was flown back to England where he received his second Navy Cross. The citation read: For extraordinary heroism while serving with the Office of Strategic Services during operations behind enemy Axis lines in the Savoie Department of France, from 1 August 1944, to 27 April 1945. After parachuting into a region where his activities had made him an object of intensive search by the Gestapo, Major Ortiz valiantly continued his work in coordinating and leading resistance groups in that section. When he and his team were attacked and surrounded during a special mission designed to immobilize enemy reinforcements stationed in that area, he disregarded the possibility of escape and, in an effort to spare villagers severe reprisals by the Gestapo, surrendered to this sadistic Geheim Staats Polizei (sic). Subsequently imprisoned and subjected to numerous interrogations, he divulged nothing, and the story of this intrepid Marine Major and his team has become a brilliant legend in that section of France where acts of bravery were considered commonplace. By his outstanding loyalty and self-sacrificing devotion to duty, Major Ortiz contributed materially to the success of operations against a relentless enemy, and upheld the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
When the war ended, Ortiz was in California being briefed for a mission to Indo-China. After his discharge Ortiz resumed his association with John Ford and appeared in numerous movies in small parts including two with John Wayne. He was never comfortable as an actor and refused to watch his own movies. He also acted as a technical advisor on other films.
Maj. Ortiz remained in the Marine Corps reserve and was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. In 1954 Lt. Col. Ortiz requested to be returned to active duty and assigned to South East Asia as an observer however his offer was declined because "current military policies will not permit the assignment requested." He was promoted to full Colonel upon his retirement in 1955.
In 1994, six years after his death, Col. Ortiz was again honored by the citizens of Centron and Les Saisies in ceremonies commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the events which Col. Ortiz played such a prominent part. In attendance were Colonel Ortiz' wife, Jean, and their son, Marine Lieutenant Colonel Peter J. Ortiz, Jr., retired Sergeant Major John P. Bodnar, and former Sergeant Jack R. Risler. Also present at the ceremonies were Lieutenant Colonel Robert L. Parnell II, USMC, assistant Naval Attaché in Paris, and Colonel Peter T. Metzger, commander of the 26th Marine Expeditionary Unit, then in the Mediterranean, together with a color guard and an honor guard from his unit.
A short time later the town of Centron held its own ceremonies when it unveiled a plaque naming the town center ";Place Peter Ortiz"
A final comment about Peter Ortiz came from the son of one of the Royal Air force Pilots who Ortiz assisted to escape in 1944. Ian Bell, the son of Ernest Bell DFC wrote that his father could not talk about the war without talking about the courage of Col. Ortiz. What amazed him most about Ortiz was that throughout the time of their escape Ortiz wore his complete Marine Corps uniform under his coat even in rail stations swarming with Germans and knowing that the Germans would have loved to have captured him. Ian Bell maintained that Peter Ortiz was probably the bravest man he had ever met.
Semper fi, Colonel.
Authors note: Sources for material on Col. Ortiz are limited. Much of the material contained above comes from a monograph written by Marine Historian Benis Frank and Herringbone Cloak—GI Dagger: Marines of the OSS by Major Robert E. Mattingly, USMC.
Mott Street is a narrow but busy thoroughfare that runs in a north-south direction in the borough of Manhattan in New York City in the United States. It is best known as Chinatown's unofficial "Main Street". Mott Street runs from Chatham Square in the south to Bleecker Street in the north. It is a one-way street, southbound.
Mott Street existed in its current configuration by the mid-18th century. At that time, Mott Street passed just to the east of the Collect Pond. Like many streets that predated Manhattan's grid, Mott Street meandered around natural features of the landscape rather than running through or over them. It was the need to avoid the now long since paved over Collect Pond that gave Mott Street its characteristic "bend" to the northeast at Pell Street.
Having been previously known as Old Street, as well as Winne Street (also spelled Wynne) for the section between Pell and Bleecker, Mott Street was renamed in the late 18th century to honor the prominent local family of the same name, likely in particular businessman Joseph Mott, a butcher and tavern owner who provided support to the rebel forces in the American Revolution.
During the 19th century the lower portion of Mott Street south of Canal Street was part of the Five Points, a notorious slum neighborhood in New York City. In 1872 Wo Kee, a Chinese merchant opened a general store on Mott Street near Pell Street. In the years to follow, Chinese immigrants would carve out an enclave around the intersection of Mott, Doyer and Pell Streets. At the time, it was the Cantonese immigrants migrating and it first began as a very small Bachelor's Society since it was mostly Chinese males migrating over at the time. It was mostly Cantonese immigrants coming from Taishan, China so as a result it was first a Taishanese community.
I was last here on a cold and grey day at the beginning or March.
Graveney stretches along the road, but All Saints sits on a quiet bend, and felt wonderfully isolated.
And not at all friendly, I have to say. It was locked, as expected, so I took aome outside shots and we moved on eatwards, but somehow I really wanted to see inside here, just to see if it could be warmer than it felt on that March morning.
I parked beside the road, I saw the door of the porch open, and a light filled space beyond.
Looked good....
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The Victorians did not leave too much of a mark here, for the mellow red tiles, box pews and ledger slabs remain. There is a heavy medieval rood screen and the empty north and south aisles allow us to appreciate the building as it might originally have appeared. In the north aisle is a memorial brass to John Martyn (d. 1436) with cathedral-like proportions, being over 56 in long.
www.kentchurches.info/church.asp?p=Graveney
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GRAVENEY
LIES the next parish north-westward from Hernehill. It was called in the time of the Saxons, Graven-ea, and afterwards, by corruption of language, Gravenel, in like manner as Oxney, Pevensey, and Rumency, were corruptly called Oxenel, Pevensel, and Rumenel; (fn. 1) the name of it denoting its low and watery situation, and it is now, by contraction, usually called Grainey.
IT LIES about two miles from the high London road, on the north side of it, at the 48th mile-stone, the parish of Goodnestone intervening, in a low country adjoining the marshes, of which there is a large quantity, both fresh and salt within it, Faversham creek and the Swale being the western and northern boundaries of it. The soil of it various, there being in the level part some rich tillage land, and on the rises or small hills in it, a light soil of both sand and gravel. The church stands in the eastern part of the parish, having Graveneycourt, with an antient gateway, and numerous offices, singularly built round it, well worth observation, as denoting its former respectable state. In the western part is Nagdon, adjoining to Faversham creck, having a decoy for wild fowl, and a large quantity of marsh land belonging to it. There is but little thoroughfare here, and no village, the houses being interspersed straggling throughout it. Upon the whole though unhealthy, it has not an unpleasant aspect, being well cloathed with trees, especially elm, which are very thriving here, and in great plenty; the roads are remarkably well taken care of, as are the poor, and the whole parish seems to thrive well under the care of the inhabitants of Graveney-court. There are some parts of this parish separated from the rest by those of Faversham and Goodneston intervening.
There are several scarce plants observed by Mr. Jacob in this parish, and enumerated in this Plantæ Favershamienses.
THE ARCHBISHOP'S paramount manor of Boughton claims over the whole of this parish, as being within that hundred, subordinate to which is the manor of Graveney.
In the year 811, Wlfred, archbishop of Canterbury, purchased this place of Cenulph, king of Mercia, who had made the kingdom of Kent tributary to him, for the use of Christ-church, Canterbury, as appears by the leiger book of that priory, and that it was given L. S. A. that is, Libere Sicut Adisham, with the same liberties, immunities, and privileges that Adisham was. Soon after which, one Werhard, a powerful priest, and kinsman to the archbishop, found means to gain possession of it, and kept it till that prelate's death in 830, when Feogild succeeding to the see of Canterbury, though he sat in it but three months, yet in that time he compelled Werhard to restore Gravene then computed at thirty-two hides of land, to the church; and it was afterwards confirmed to it in anno 941, by king Edmund, Eadred his brother, and Edwyn son of the latter; (fn. 2) and it remained part of the revenues of Christchurch at the coming of archbishop Lanfranc to that see in 1070, when on his division of them, between himself and the monks of his church, this manor fell to his share, of whom it was afterwards held by knight's service. In which state it continued at the time of taking the survey of Domesday, anno 1080, in which it is thus entered, under the general title of Terra Militum Archiepi, that is, land held of the archbishop by knight's service.
In Boltune hundred the same Richard (who owed fealty to the archbishop) held of the archbishop Gravenel. It was taxed for one suling. The arable land is. In demesne there is one carucate, and eight villeins, with ten borderers having two carucates. There are five servants, and ten acres of meadow, and four saltpits of four shillings. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and afterwards, it was worth one hundred shillings, now six pounds, of these the monks of Canterbury have twenty shillings.
Who this Richard was I do not find, though Somner calls him Ricardus Constabularius; however, it is not improbable, but he might afterwards adopt the surname of Gravene, from his having the possession of this place; certain it is, that it was afterwards held by a family who took their name from it. William de Gravene held it in the reign of king Henry III. of the archbishop, as one knight's fee. John de Gravene died possessed of it in the 56th year of the same reign, after which it became the property of the family of Feversham.
Thomas de Feversham died possessed of it in the beginning of the reign of king Edward III. leaving Joane his wife surviving, and in the window of the north chancel were formerly the arms of Feversham, A fess chequy, or, and gules, between six crosses, bottony, or; and underneath, Thomas Feversham, susticiar, & Johanna Uxor. ejus; on the pavement is a stone with two half-figures in brass for them, with an inscription round it in old French, part of which is gone; probably that which Weever mentions. (fn. 3) She afterwards entitled her second husband Sir Roger de Northwood to this manor, during her life; accordingly he paid aid for it in the 20th year of that reign, as one knight's see, which he held in right of his wife, of the archbishop, which was formerly held by Richard de Gravene. After her death her son Richard de Feversham succeeded to this manor, of which he died possessed in 1381, and was buried in this church, having married the daughter of Robert Dodde. His tomb, of Bethersden marble, remains against the south wall. In the south chancel, on the top, were two figures, and four coats of arms, the brasses gone; round the edge is this inscription, in brass, Ora pro aibs Roberti Dodde & Rici de Feuersham filii sui quonda dni de Gravene obiit, &c. Above the tomb, is a recess in the wall, with an antient carved arch above it. He had a daughter Joane, who became his heir, and married John Botiller, esq. and in her right became entitled to this manor, she died in 1408, and was buried in the south chancel here, her figure in brass on her gravestone is gone, but the inscription still remains. By her he had a son of his own name. Either he or his father was sheriff anno 22 king Richard II. John Botiller, esq the son, was knight of the shire in the 1st year of king Henry V.'s reign. They bore for their arms, Sable, three covered cups, or, within a bordure, argent; and John Botiller, probably the father, was esquire to archbishop Courtney, and mentioned in his will, proved anno 1396, being the 20th of Richard II.
There is a gravestone in the south chancel here, which most probably was for John Botiller the son; on it was his figure in brass, now gone, and four coats of arms; the two first are gone, the third Botiller, the fourth Feversham, a fess chequy, between six crosses, bottony, or. The inscription was remaining in Weever's time. This stone, I am informed, was some years ago removed out of the north chancel hither, and in the window of this chancel is this coat of arms, quarterly, first, Botiller, as above; second and third, a fess chequy, or, and gules, in chief three crosses, bottony, or; the bottom part being broken, the fourth is likewise broken. Underneath are these words remaining, Johes er, & Jonna ux ejs. Joane his wife was daughter and heir of William de Frogenhall, by whom he had a daughter and sole heir Anne, who carried it in marriage to John Martyn, judge of the common pleas, the son of Richard Martyn, of Stonebridge, who built much at his seat of Graveney court, where he partly resided. (fn. 4) He died in 1436, leaving his widow surviving, who then became again possessed of this manor in her own right. She afterwards married Thomas Burgeys, esq. whom she likewise survived, and dying in 1458 was buried beside her first husband in the north chancel of this church. His gravestone is of a very large size, and is most richly inlaid with brass, which is well preserved, having the figures of him and his wife, and other ornaments over the whole of it. There were four coats of arms, only the second of which, that of Boteler, is remaining. He bore for his arms, Argent, on a chevron, gules, three talbot bounds, passant, or. Her second husband Thomas Burgeys died in 1452, and was buried in the same chancel, where his gravestone remained till within these few years. At the upper end of the stone are two coats in brass, first Boteler impaling Frogenhall; second, a fess chequy impaling the like. Another coat, at the bottom, is gone, as is his figure.
In the descendants of Judge Martyn, residents at Graveney-court, this manor continued down to Robert Martyn, who likewise resided here, and died in the first year of Edward VI. (fn. 5) leaving his two daughters, Joane, married to Richard Argall, and Elizabeth to Stephen Reames, of Faversham, his coheirs. From them this manor was passed away by sale to John Pordage, of Rodmersham, in whose name it continued till it was at length sold to Daniel Whyte, esq. of Vinters, in Boxley, whose descendant of the same name, about the beginning of king George II.'s reign, alienated it to Mr. Edward Blaxland, who afterwards resided here, and bore for his arms, on a fess, three falcous volant, jessed and belled. He died in 1739. This occasioned this manor to be separated in several divisions and again afterwards in further subdivisions, among his descendants, in which state it now remains; but those of the male line of the name of Blaxland, still continue to reside at it. From the beginning of the last century to the middle of it, the Napletons, a family of good account in these parts of the county, were lessees of Graveney-court, and resided at it; and from that time to the latter end of it, the Houghhams were occupiers of it, and resided here. Many of both families lie buried in this church, as do all the Blaxlands, since their coming to the possession of this estate.
NAGDEN, formerly spelt Negdon, is a noted estate in the north-west part of this parish, consisting mostly of marsh land, which was once part of the endowment of the abbey of Faversham, and continued amongst the revenues of it till its final dissolution in the 30th year of Henry VIII. at which time it was valued at eight pounds per annum.
This estate thus coming into the hands of the crown, was granted by the king next year to Sir Thomas Cheney, lord warden, to hold in capite, who alienated it, in the 36th year of that reign, to Robert Martyn, of Graveney-court, who died in the first year of king Edward VI. (fn. 6) leaving his two daughters his coheirs, Joane, married to Richard Argall, and Elizabeth to Stephen Reames, who jointly possessed this estate. After which both these moieties seem to have been conveyed to Ciriac Petit, of Colkins, in this neighbourhood, who died possessed of the entire see of it in 1591, and in his descendants it continued down to Mr. William Petit, who in 1709 conveyed it by sale to dame Sarah Barrett, of Lee, widow, who died in 1711, upon which this estate came to her only son by her first husband, Sir Francis Head, bart. who died possessed of it in 1716. (fn. 7) He left four sons, who became entitled to this estate on their father's death, as coheirs in gavelkind. On the death of the eldest Sir Richard Head, bart. in 1721, his share devolved to his three brothers. James Head, esq. died afterwards intestate in 1727, and unmarried, on which Sir Francis Head, bart. and John Head, D. D. became possessed of it in undivided moieties, and the latter that same year conveyed his moiety of it to the former, who in 1745 sold the entire fee of it to John Smith, esq. of Faversham, who has since conveyed it to his son, John Smith, junior, esq. of Ospringe, the present possessor of it. The estate of Nagden pays nine shillings per annum, on Lammas day, to the vicar of Graveney, in lieu of tithes.
Charities.
On a tablet in the church, the benefactions of several pieces of land are recorded, amounting in the whole to upwards of four acres. These are put up as benefactions to the church; but by the information of the clerk, they belonged to the poor, to whom the yearly produce of them was distributed till of late. It is now applied to the repairs of the church.
The poor constantly relieved are about ten, casually 25.
GRAVENEY is within the ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION of the diocese of Canterbury, and deanry of Ospringe.
The church is dedicated to All Saints, and consists of three isles and a high chancel, and two side ones formerly called chapels, the south one being dedicated to St. John, and the north one to the Virgin Mary. The steeple, which is a tower, stands at the north-west corner. In it are three bells. The antient gravestones in this church have been removed from where they originally laid, to make room for the present ones. Thus that of John Martyn, as I am informed, has been removed out of the north into the south chancel. In this north chancel they have been likewise still further displaced; there are now two rows of gravestones in it, lying three and three. In the west row are now, the first southward, Judge Martyn's; the second, Mr. Edward Blaxland's, who died in 1739; and the third, Thomas Burgeys, esq. For the making room for Mr. E. Blaxland's, Judge Martyn's stone was removed from the middle or second place to the first, where before his son's lay, till removed to the south chancel. This practice, of disturbing the ashes of the dead, as is but too frequent in churches of late, calls loudly for some authority to prevent it in future.
The church of Graveney, with the advowson of the vicarage, was in very early times part of the possessions of the priory of St. Mary Overies, in Southwark, with which it continued till the final dissolution of it in the 31st year of king Henry VIII. when it came into the hands of the crown, together with all the revenues and estates belonging to it.
The parsonage remained in the crown some years longer than the advowson of the vicarage, as will be mentioned hereafter, that is, till the 3d year of queen Elizabeth, when the queen granted this rectory, being then valued at 7l. 6s. 8d. yearly rent, to archbishop Parker and his successors, in exchange for other premises. (fn. 8) Since which it has continued part of the possessions of the see of Canterbury to this time.
This parsonage has been from time to time demised on a beneficial lease, at the above yearly rent. In 1643 Mrs. Elizabeth Robinson, widow, was tenant of it. John Baker, esq. of St. Stephen's, near Canterbury, is the present lessee of it.
But the advowson of the vicarage did not continue so long in the crown, for it was granted, among others, in 1558, to the archbishop and his successors, (fn. 9) with whom it now continues, his grace the archbishop being now patron of it.
This vicarage is valued in the king's books at fifty pounds, and the yearly tenths at 1l. 4s. per annum. In 1578 there were communicants here ninety. In 1640 the communicants were sixty-five, and it was valued at sixty pounds per annum.
In the year 1244 archbishop Boniface, on the presentation of the prior and convent of St. Mary Overies, as appears by an antient book belonging to it, instituted Ralph, the curate of Gravene, to the perpetual vicarage of this parish, so that he should receive and take in the name of it, all fruits and oblations, with all other things belonging to the church, excepting two sheaves of the tithe, and should take the same to his own use.
In the same manuscript, on a dispute between the prior and convent, rectors of this church, and Richard, lord of Gravenel, concerning tithes in this parish, it was decreed in 1283, before the rural dean of Ofpringe, that the vicar should receive, in the name of the religious, as well as in his own right, all tithes arising in future from the feedings and pastures in his own marshes, called North-marsh and Leved-marsh, which should be paid to him without any cavil or exception. (fn. 10)
The vicar has a house and two acres of glebe land.
¶The vicarage is worth about fifty pounds per annum. He is entitled, by the above composition, to all tithes, excepting the two sheaves mentioned in it, and by prescription likewise; which third part of the corn tithes is now usually known by the name of the vicar's third sheaf. But the impropriator's lease being for all the tithes of the parish, without any such exception, has occasioned many quarrels and disputes about this third sheaf, which are now entirely subsided, and the vicar is accustomed to take one shock out of every thirty shocks of corn, in right of his vicarage.
It was great to see my old friend Mooger in Brevard. Normally the nose picking advice is sound, but when you have hoofs instead of fingers you really can't pick your nose.
... can easly be turned into a box and a lid
.. my design, as far as I know... but any reference will be welcome....
2 (1 for box, 1 for lid) square 15x15 cm. regular copy paper... I use 80gr. and 90gr. the second is suggested for the box
written instructions (more or less) in the kusudama cube writing.
Decoration made with paper left by cutting an A4 sheet in 2 squares... so you will just need 2 A4 paper for two duo color box.... and only 1 sheet for a single color box (obviously)... this box is very good for give aways in any occasion (espiacilly candies and confetti) and also as a toothfairy (or mouse depending on traditions) box..
I wish you a week full of colors!.... (north Italy in particular: wish you also a SUNNY week) :-))))
1. Basic kusudama cube module ..., 2. Basic kusudama cube module ..., 3. Basic kusudama cube module ..., 4. Basic kusudama cube module ..., 5. Basic kusudama cube module ..., 6. Basic kusudama cube module ...
Created with fd's Flickr Toys
Diagram for basic module here
I was asleep, but now that I've woken
I preferred my dreams.
-Downtrodden by Abney Park
I'm reaching some sort of acceptance. Except that "acceptance" sounds positive, and like a step in the right direction, and that is not what's going on. I've realized, at least to some degree, that I will live the rest of my life without my sister. I'm turning 28 this week. I could have an unimaginable number of years ahead of me without her. I hope my life isn't as empty as I feel right now, but some part of me is gearing up to accept that, too. Just as some tiny part of me is still hoping for things to get better.
But that said, I'm just numb about it. Fine. I can live 50 or 60 years without her. Why not? I can move across the country, I can stay here, I can face the fact that my parents are going to die someday, too. Why not? Is it going to be any harder than the last 5 years have been? I feel like I've been battered from all directions every minute of every day for the last 5 years, and I don't know what it's like anymore to not feel like that. I feel like my entire life is going to be like this.
No wonder I'm frozen in place. I don't expect my life to turn around. I don't expect to be happy someday. I can, and I will, move to Seattle in the spring. But it feels like I'm trudging towards it, not that I'm suddenly free and able to do what I've always wanted.
"But for now, I sat there on the bed and listened to my song. The one that had been written for me by a man who knew me not at all, now sung by the one who knew me best."
"don't give me no rotten tomato cos all i wanted was your sweet potato."
"relate-o is a lame rhyme, pseudo or not."
"This is a song?"
"This is many songs. It's an opus."
This Lullaby, Sarah Dessen . Lyrics can be found on page 344. (There are other pages with the lyrics but the one of 334 was modified - this is the dexter version, and the seond last line has been changed from, "i will let you down" to "even if i let you down.")
image not mine, credit goes here, but i did edit.
:D
Tutorial on request.
Comments are appreciated.
Permission for use is not required but a link to your page would be nice so i can view comments and opinions.
© Rachel Ashton Lim
and any mentioned to have contributed.
If taken, please give credit where due and always keep in mind that plagiarism is wrong.
Another one but my expression is different :) Always wanted to try this, dont know why I havnt before until yesterday?!..Although the rain was heavy at some points yesterday, i kept missing it as I was taking other pics also I dont think it would have naturally come out like this either unless it was mega heavy terrential rain so I got Jon to use a watering can and hang out the window to tip it over me for this, I did do some without the coat but they didnt come out, but this was loads of fun, I did get drenched, although obviously i have my coat on here ha!
Excuse the noise as you can probably tell its been a miserable day today, but i had my new bad hide through and couldn't resist giving it a go at the bird feeder. Jays are a first for my bird feeder at home and i also saw a golden crest which popped in but didn't stop to feed. Any tips on what both like to eat?
Thanks to Dan and Carl for the help with the multiple images :).
Also im trying to get into editing more so if you see anything that could be improved please let me know.
St Peter and St Paul, Sustead, Norfolk
Over the last fifteen years or so I have visited every medieval church in Norfolk and Suffolk, but I have not been back to some of them for a very long time. In August 2005, I visited some forty churches in north Norfolk over the course of two days in the company of the late Tom Muckley. It had been a deep, hot summer, the lanes drowsy and full of green.
Now, in early May 2018, the awakening year at last cast my mind back to summers past. The long, cold winter months had finally come to an end. Now, almost ten years after Tom's death, I found myself thinking back to those two days, and of the churches that I had not returned to since. One of them that was golden in my mind was St Peter and St Paul at Sustead, one of those pretty little round towered churches in the area south of Sheringham. And so, at the start of the bank holiday weekend, with temperatures in the high twenties promised, I took my bike on an early morning train up from Ipswich to West Runton between Cromer and Sheringham on the north Norfolk coast.
It was an absolutely stunningly gorgeous morning. I planned to cycle back to Norwich, a journey I have made several times before and always by a different route. A steep climb up through the woods along the sunken lane took me across the A140 and then down the hill into the grounds of Felbrigg Hall. I locked my bike in the almost empty car park, and headed for the gate to walk across the fields to Felbrigg church, but stuck on the gate was a handwritten notice, reading 'we regret the church is closed while the west window is repaired'. Presumably they are storing all the stuff in the church.
This was a disappointment, but it would save me time that might allow other churches further on. The narrow lane through the woods descended southwards. The land was boiling with green and yellow, and there was nothing about, no cars, no people, except an old lady standing by the side of the road at an unmarked stop waiting for the weekly bus into North Walsham. I came down into Sustead, just a handful of houses and the pretty church. My heart sank when I saw that the chancel was encased in scaffolding and builders fences, but they were only replacing the roof tiles, and the church was open.
The walls are pleasingly patched up with the red brick of various ages. l had read that the architect and landscape gardener Humphrey Repton had lived for ten years in a house in the village, and must have known the church well. I looked for hints of the late 18th century, but I don't suppose he did much here, always being busy sorting country houses out. Still, the locals must have known who he was, and it was amusing to imagine the churchwardens knocking on his door, tugging their forelocks and asking for his advice on the drains.
You wouldn't have known inside that the scaffolding was there. Everywhere seemed brightly painted and fresh in this lovely little church.There is no tower arch, there is no means of communication between the tower and the nave. Instead, the tower has an external door on the south side as at neighbouring Aylmerton, a local fashion perhaps. The nave has a pleasing mix of 14th and 15th century windows, Some with 15th Century glass. St Catherine and St Mary Magdalene are partly restored, and there are two musicians, one playing the bagpipes and the other a rebec. Curiously, the bagpipes appear to be leopardskin, with a leopard's head where the bag feeds the pipes.
There is the ghost of a former transept in the north wall, and in front of it a delightful little late 17th century pulpit with angels carved on it, curious to say the least. It originally came from the redundant church at North Barningham across the fields, now in the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. The 15th Century font is rather remarkable, featuring shields including those of England and France, perhaps carved to mark the end of the Hundred years War.
The south chancel windows are by Christopher Whall, and depict the stories of the Good Samaritan and the Prodigal Son, dating from the 1890s. A generation later, the 1920s left another curiosity. The east window has restrained motifs of late Art Nouveau, but the central top light is unashamedly Jazz Modern, the kind of Art Deco that was used in cinemas and road houses, and in the cabinets of radios. If this is contemporary with the motifs below, then it shows two major schools of 20th century design in transition from one to the other, an unusual survival, especially in a church.
I stood, and took one last look. Such a lovely, peaceful spot. I would not leave it another thirteen years before I came back.
And then I headed a short distance along a quite lane between a barley field and an oilseed rape field to the church at Thurgarton, less than a mile off. Halfway along the lane I stopped, to take a photograph of Sustead church across the barley field. I went to resume my onward journey, reached for my sunglasses on top of my head, and discovered that they weren't there. I'd left them in Sustead church. And so, I turned and revisited rather sooner than I had planned or imagined.