Stagecoach Leyland Olympian B960ODU on service X18 from Stratford-upon-Avon to Coventry taken in June 1998. But where is it? We were driving from somewhere near Coventry to Banbury and this was just a happy snap during an ice cream stop.

 

Is it Stratford itself? Mystery solved thanks to Redhill Bull.

Both have had facelifts, but it looks like The Playhouse and St John's Shopping Centre (and St John's Beacon, just in shot) are the only remaining parts of Williamson Swuare from the late 1960s.

 

To the left in the 2013 shot is a water fountain ensquared by a poem by Roger McGough

 

Water

 

Water is fountains

Is gymnast

Is fun

 

Water is Mountainous

Is scallywag

Is splash

 

Water is Mysterious

Is playhouse

Is dream

 

Water is Serious

Is stargazy

Is steam

 

Water is Humorous

Is teardrops

Is serenade

 

Water is Curious

Is careless

Is cavalcade

 

Water is Sumptuous

Is rainbow

Is ecstatic

 

Water is Tempestuous

Is baby face

Is erratic

 

Water is Curvaceous

Is shipshape

Is piggyback

 

Water is Flirtatious

Is scatterbrain

Is paddywack

 

Water is Mischievous

Is fidgety

Is chatterbox

 

Water is Liverpool

Is river

Is paradox

 

And on the spot where there was (I think) a cold storage facility, is the Liverpool FC Club shop.

  

All these photos can also be seen on my new Facebook page...

www.facebook.com/LiverpoolThenAndNow

 

Please feel free to add any comments, corrections, additional info or memories you may have, and if you know anyone else who might be interested, please feel free to let them know about it.

 

I have contacted the owners of as many 'original' photos as I can to ask their permission to use it in this way, and where they have requested it, I have credited them accordingly. However, if you are the copyright holder and I haven't yet been able to contact you, please do get in touch and I'd be happy to add any details, credits or links, or remove the photo if you wished..

 

Thanks for looking, I hope they are of some interest!

 

- but a dry summer isn't =)

 

But looking at the base of the vertical stabilizer, my guess is, that it's an Embraer E-190 or E-195 (type 1).

Slowly But Surely

The moment a child is born, the mother is also born. She never existed before. The woman existed, but the mother, never. A mother is something absolutely new. ~Rajneesh

© (2015) Schynts Photography

Velvet Ants are not ants but, rather, they are wasps and many of them are not the standard red colored velvet ant usually portrayed. Here is a small ochreish colored male (only males have wings) from California. For wasps they are quite hairy. So there. Photograph by Dejen Mengis.

~~~~~~~~~~{{{{{{0}}}}}}~~~~~~~~~~

 

All photographs are public domain, feel free to download and use as you wish.

 

Photography Information: Canon Mark II 5D, Zerene Stacker, Stackshot Sled, 65mm Canon MP-E 1-5X macro lens, Twin Macro Flash in Styrofoam Cooler, F5.0, ISO 100, Shutter Speed 200

 

Beauty is truth, truth beauty - that is all

Ye know on earth and all ye need to know

" Ode on a Grecian Urn"

John Keats

 

You can also follow us on Instagram - account = USGSBIML Want some Useful Links to the Techniques We Use? Well now here you go Citizen:

 

Art Photo Book: Bees: An Up-Close Look at Pollinators Around the World

www.qbookshop.com/products/216627/9780760347386/Bees.html...

 

Basic USGSBIML set up:

www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-_yvIsucOY

 

USGSBIML Photoshopping Technique: Note that we now have added using the burn tool at 50% opacity set to shadows to clean up the halos that bleed into the black background from "hot" color sections of the picture.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bdmx_8zqvN4

 

PDF of Basic USGSBIML Photography Set Up:

ftp://ftpext.usgs.gov/pub/er/md/laurel/Droege/How%20to%20Take%20MacroPhotographs%20of%20Insects%20BIML%20Lab2.pdf

 

Google Hangout Demonstration of Techniques:

plus.google.com/events/c5569losvskrv2nu606ltof8odo

or

www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c15neFttoU

 

Excellent Technical Form on Stacking:

www.photomacrography.net/

 

Contact information:

Sam Droege

sdroege@usgs.gov

301 497 5840

 

andrefoucteau.blogspot.com

But I'm still not 100% sure yet

 

Similar Shots in Comments

Playing around with material, thread and impromtu embroidery.

but, as time goes by, it does take more and more effort

Love this group of old trucks that I've eyed for many years. They don't seem to be going anywhere, but I am always relieved to see that they're still here.

newcastlegaol.co.uk/burial

 

newcastlegaol.co.uk/memories

 

The Newcastle Gaol:“It is strange, but in one custom we are more barbarous than our ancestors in bygone days. It is the toll of the Felon’s Plot.”

 

Prison Burial: You might think that being executed would be punishment enough for an awful crime, but as late as the twentieth century in Britain there were what was known as post-mortem punishments. The most common two punishments were public dissection (anatomisation by surgeons) and gibbetting (the criminal’s body was encaged in iron and hung from a wooden mast, most commonly placed near the site of the crime or in a very prominent location as near to it as possible). Post-Mortem punishments have a long history, but arguably the longest lasting was the denial of a Christian burial and the refusal of the authorities to hand the convicted felons’ body over to their loved ones for burial. This punishment continued long after dissection and gibbeting were removed by the Anatomy Act (1832) and Hanging in Chains Act (1834) respectively.

 

We know from reports of executions in Newcastle that sometimes the fear of indecent burial was more potent than that of hanging itself in the minds of prisoners. In 1829 one broadside recorded Jane Jameson’s last moments before leaving the gaol on route to the gallows at the Town Moor. It noted that she asked the attendant Minister ‘a question about her body’, but was told that ‘she was not to care about her body but about her soul.’ Jane Jameson became the last executed felon in Newcastle to suffer the additional punishment of public dissection, but her body was not buried in the gaol grounds.

 

Burial within the prison walls

The first person to be buried within the walls of the Prison was Mark Sherwood in 1844. Although executed on Newcastle’s Town Moor his body was taken back to the prison via a carriage and interred within the boundaries of the prison. Like Jane Jameson before him Sherwood had raised concerns about what would happen to his body after death. Reports of his execution noted that one of his last requests was that “He expressed a wish that for interment of his bodily remains within the gaol-yard, the grave might be deep, and hoped his remains would not be allowed to be disturbed. He also desired, if not contrary to any legal regulation, that the burial service might be read when he was committed to the earth. In compliance with his wish the grave was made seven feet deep, as subsequently stated but the burial service was not read.”

 

Sherwood’s fears of being disturbed were not without justification as up until the Anatomy Act, 1832, the only bodies officially available for dissection, without consent, were those of executed criminals. This limited supply meant that across the country there were numerous instances of body-snatchers, sometimes known as resurrectionists, operating in churchyards and cemeteries. Newcastle was no exception. This illegal practice, arguably made most famous by William Burke and William Hare in Scotland, came about to meet the demands of a medical profession starved of body supply. Just 3 years prior to Sherwood’s execution Newcastle had been gripped by a body-snatching scandal very close to the prison. In 1840 Sophia Quin had died in the house of her daughter, Rosanna Rox, in Clogger’s Entry in Sandhill, Newcastle and was due to be buried at the dissenter’s burial ground at Ballast Hills, to the East of the city. Instead of going to the burial ground the coffin bearers took the body straight to the Surgeons’ Hall and refused Rox entry. She later gained entry by contacting the Mayor and found her mother’s coffin with the lid up and clothes were torn. On further investigation, they lifted the lid of what appeared to be a large chest and found her mother’s body standing upright in warm water up to her shoulders. At which point Rox fainted. The body was eventually recovered and successfully reburied but, it caused a great scandal in the region and was even reported on in the Medical Journal, The Lancet.

 

Until its closure in 1925, 15 executed criminals were buried within the walls of the prison and in most cases denied a Christian burial. After an execution it was customary for the body to hang for one hour, a centuries-old tradition, and then for an inquest to take place on the body to confirm both the cause of death and identity of the condemned. The burial would take place the same day, following the inquest over the body, and in the presence of the Prison Chaplain and a few officials.

 

Numerous reports from executions in the period note that there were markings made with the initials of the prisoners on stones in the boundary walls, relating to the position of their grave, but little else marked their presence. Indeed, such was the disdain for the recording or memorialising of criminal bodies in any way that a Home Office Circular in 1922 demanded that even these markings were to be removed as “such records are undesirable as they perpetuate the memory of the crime, cause unnecessary pain to relatives and rouse a morbid interest in the prisoners.” One proviso of this decision was that each prison was required to make a detailed map of the location of the bodies before destroying these remaining memorials.

 

Despite the Home Office’s request the location of the bodies became a serious problem for the authorities on closure of the prison. In agreeing to allow Newcastle to demolish and repurpose the prison land, the Home Office stipulated that the bodies must be removed and reinterred. Numerous reports abounded that the authorities were struggling to locate the exact placing of each grave and indeed when it came to the operation to remove them a number of bodies weren’t found. Up until now the identity of these bodies has been unknown, but research seen by this project has uncovered the identity and number of the missing bodies at Newcastle Prison.

 

“In the darkness of the night and at an hour kept strictly secret the bodies of the murderers which lie in the precinct of Newcastle Gaol are to be taken up and reinterred in All Saints’ Cemetery.”

 

Removing the bodies: On the closure of the prison

On Monday 12th October, 1925 the Governor of Durham Prison along with Robert Stuart, the medical officer and prison surgeon was in attendance at the exhumation of the graves. Stuart made a detailed report of his findings that was sent on to the Home Office. In it he gave key details into how the bodies had been buried, including whether they were clothed or not and the state of decomposition. Amongst his recordings was the following extraordinary details.

 

· 1. Mark Sherwood – 1844 “At a depth of about 11 feet there was no trace of coffin or body”

 

· 2. Patrick Forbes – 1850 “At a depth of about 11 feet there was no trace of coffin or body”

 

· 6. William Rowe (sic) – 1890 “We found no trace of body or coffin in this grave”

 

· 7 Samuel G Emery – 1894 “At a depth of about 11 feet we found no trace of a body in his grave.”

 

So, not only were the bodies not found but also, in some cases the coffins weren’t even located. It would appear that Mark Sherwood’s fears weren’t so ill-founded. Despite only locating 11 of the 15 bodies, the remains were eventually buried in unmarked graves at All Saints Cemetery in Jesmond – such was the secrecy around their location, that it is still unknown to this day.

 

Reporting on the reinterment one newspaper carried a telling quote from an unnamed prison official at Newcastle Prison,

 

“It is strange, but in one custom we are more barbarous than our ancestors in bygone days. It is the toll of the Felon’s Plot….Prison Officials who have assisted in the last act of a murder drama will agree that it is a mournful business. The body lies in its plain shell- not naked and covered with quicklime as was the custom until quite recent years – it lies clad in the clothes worn at the trial, so that no sensation-monger may exhibit them….when the grave is filled in the ground is levelled with its extremities marked by small white stones. On the wall of the prison that is nearest to the plot will be cut the initials of the dead and the date of the execution.”

 

However, there is one final twist to the tale that has been uncovered in the research for this project. On September 1st, 1928 The Boston Guardian carried the following remarkable story,

 

“Remains of a man who had been executed were found during excavation work for an automatic telephone exchange on the site of the old Newcastle Gaol.”

 

This may well tally with one of the memories that was sent in to us from a member of the public, Marie McNichol. Marie McNichol’s grandfather John (Jack) Level was part of the demolition and excavation team working on the prison site. He was employed by Purdie, Lumsden & Co as a Derrick Crane operator. Marie remembers that the building work was severely delayed when a body was uncovered “wrapped in oilskins, like that of a sailor.” An investigation followed that delayed the excavation work considerably and on the 27th August the Yorkshire Post reported that the body had remained unidentified but “It is believed the remains are those of another executed man. The bones were reinterred at Jesmond on Saturday.”

 

Newcastle upon Tyne, or simply Newcastle is a cathedral city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. It is located on the River Tyne's northern bank, opposite Gateshead to the south. It is the most populous settlement in the Tyneside conurbation and North East England.

 

Newcastle developed around a Roman settlement called Pons Aelius, the settlement became known as Monkchester before taking on the name of a castle built in 1080 by William the Conqueror's eldest son, Robert Curthose. It was one of the world's largest ship building and repair centres during the industrial revolution. Newcastle was part of the county of Northumberland until 1400, when it separated and formed a county of itself. In 1974, Newcastle became part of Tyne and Wear. Since 2018, the city council has been part of the North of Tyne Combined Authority.

 

The history of Newcastle upon Tyne dates back almost 2,000 years, during which it has been controlled by the Romans, the Angles and the Norsemen amongst others. Newcastle upon Tyne was originally known by its Roman name Pons Aelius. The name "Newcastle" has been used since the Norman conquest of England. Due to its prime location on the River Tyne, the town developed greatly during the Middle Ages and it was to play a major role in the Industrial Revolution, being granted city status in 1882. Today, the city is a major retail, commercial and cultural centre.

 

Roman settlement

The history of Newcastle dates from AD 122, when the Romans built the first bridge to cross the River Tyne at that point. The bridge was called Pons Aelius or 'Bridge of Aelius', Aelius being the family name of Roman Emperor Hadrian, who was responsible for the Roman wall built across northern England along the Tyne–Solway gap. Hadrian's Wall ran through present-day Newcastle, with stretches of wall and turrets visible along the West Road, and at a temple in Benwell. Traces of a milecastle were found on Westgate Road, midway between Clayton Street and Grainger Street, and it is likely that the course of the wall corresponded to present-day Westgate Road. The course of the wall can be traced eastwards to the Segedunum Roman fort at Wallsend, with the fort of Arbeia down-river at the mouth of the Tyne, on the south bank in what is now South Shields. The Tyne was then a wider, shallower river at this point and it is thought that the bridge was probably about 700 feet (210 m) long, made of wood and supported on stone piers. It is probable that it was sited near the current Swing Bridge, due to the fact that Roman artefacts were found there during the building of the latter bridge. Hadrian himself probably visited the site in 122. A shrine was set up on the completed bridge in 123 by the 6th Legion, with two altars to Neptune and Oceanus respectively. The two altars were subsequently found in the river and are on display in the Great North Museum in Newcastle.

 

The Romans built a stone-walled fort in 150 to protect the river crossing which was at the foot of the Tyne Gorge, and this took the name of the bridge so that the whole settlement was known as Pons Aelius. The fort was situated on a rocky outcrop overlooking the new bridge, on the site of the present Castle Keep. Pons Aelius is last mentioned in 400, in a Roman document listing all of the Roman military outposts. It is likely that nestling in the shadow of the fort would have been a small vicus, or village. Unfortunately, no buildings have been detected; only a few pieces of flagging. It is clear that there was a Roman cemetery near Clavering Place, behind the Central station, as a number of Roman coffins and sarcophagi have been unearthed there.

 

Despite the presence of the bridge, the settlement of Pons Aelius was not particularly important among the northern Roman settlements. The most important stations were those on the highway of Dere Street running from Eboracum (York) through Corstopitum (Corbridge) and to the lands north of the Wall. Corstopitum, being a major arsenal and supply centre, was much larger and more populous than Pons Aelius.

 

Anglo-Saxon development

The Angles arrived in the North-East of England in about 500 and may have landed on the Tyne. There is no evidence of an Anglo-Saxon settlement on or near the site of Pons Aelius during the Anglo-Saxon age. The bridge probably survived and there may well have been a small village at the northern end, but no evidence survives. At that time the region was dominated by two kingdoms, Bernicia, north of the Tees and ruled from Bamburgh, and Deira, south of the Tees and ruled from York. Bernicia and Deira combined to form the kingdom of Northanhymbra (Northumbria) early in the 7th century. There were three local kings who held the title of Bretwalda – 'Lord of Britain', Edwin of Deira (627–632), Oswald of Bernicia (633–641) and Oswy of Northumbria (641–658). The 7th century became known as the 'Golden Age of Northumbria', when the area was a beacon of culture and learning in Europe. The greatness of this period was based on its generally Christian culture and resulted in the Lindisfarne Gospels amongst other treasures. The Tyne valley was dotted with monasteries, with those at Monkwearmouth, Hexham and Jarrow being the most famous. Bede, who was based at Jarrow, wrote of a royal estate, known as Ad Murum, 'at the Wall', 12 miles (19 km) from the sea. It is thought that this estate may have been in what is now Newcastle. At some unknown time, the site of Newcastle came to be known as Monkchester. The reason for this title is unknown, as we are unaware of any specific monasteries at the site, and Bede made no reference to it. In 875 Halfdan Ragnarsson, the Danish Viking conqueror of York, led an army that attacked and pillaged various monasteries in the area, and it is thought that Monkchester was also pillaged at this time. Little more was heard of it until the coming of the Normans.

 

Norman period

After the arrival of William the Conqueror in England in 1066, the whole of England was quickly subjected to Norman rule. However, in Northumbria there was great resistance to the Normans, and in 1069 the newly appointed Norman Earl of Northumbria, Robert de Comines and 700 of his men were killed by the local population at Durham. The Northumbrians then marched on York, but William was able to suppress the uprising. That same year, a second uprising occurred when a Danish fleet landed in the Humber. The Northumbrians again attacked York and destroyed the garrison there. William was again able to suppress the uprising, but this time he took revenge. He laid waste to the whole of the Midlands and the land from York to the Tees. In 1080, William Walcher, the Norman bishop of Durham and his followers were brutally murdered at Gateshead. This time Odo, bishop of Bayeux, William's half brother, devastated the land between the Tees and the Tweed. This was known as the 'Harrying of the North'. This devastation is reflected in the Domesday Book. The destruction had such an effect that the North remained poor and backward at least until Tudor times and perhaps until the Industrial Revolution. Newcastle suffered in this respect with the rest of the North.

 

In 1080 William sent his eldest son, Robert Curthose, north to defend the kingdom against the Scots. After his campaign, he moved to Monkchester and began the building of a 'New Castle'. This was of the "motte-and-bailey" type of construction, a wooden tower on top of an earthen mound (motte), surrounded by a moat and wooden stockade (bailey). It was this castle that gave Newcastle its name. In 1095 the Earl of Northumbria, Robert de Mowbray, rose up against the king, William Rufus, and Rufus sent an army north to recapture the castle. From then on the castle became crown property and was an important base from which the king could control the northern barons. The Northumbrian earldom was abolished and a Sheriff of Northumberland was appointed to administer the region. In 1091 the parish church of St Nicholas was consecrated on the site of the present Anglican cathedral, close by the bailey of the new castle. The church is believed to have been a wooden building on stone footings.

 

Not a trace of the tower or mound of the motte and bailey castle remains now. Henry II replaced it with a rectangular stone keep, which was built between 1172 and 1177 at a cost of £1,444. A stone bailey, in the form of a triangle, replaced the previous wooden one. The great outer gateway to the castle, called 'the Black Gate', was built later, between 1247 and 1250, in the reign of Henry III. There were at that time no town walls and when attacked by the Scots, the townspeople had to crowd into the bailey for safety. It is probable that the new castle acted as a magnet for local merchants because of the safety it provided. This in turn would help to expand trade in the town. At this time wool, skins and lead were being exported, whilst alum, pepper and ginger were being imported from France and Flanders.

 

Middle Ages

Throughout the Middle Ages, Newcastle was England's northern fortress, the centre for assembled armies. The Border war against Scotland lasted intermittently for several centuries – possibly the longest border war ever waged. During the civil war between Stephen and Matilda, David 1st of Scotland and his son were granted Cumbria and Northumberland respectively, so that for a period from 1139 to 1157, Newcastle was effectively in Scottish hands. It is believed that during this period, King David may have built the church of St Andrew and the Benedictine nunnery in Newcastle. However, King Stephen's successor, Henry II was strong enough to take back the Earldom of Northumbria from Malcolm IV.

 

The Scots king William the Lion was imprisoned in Newcastle, in 1174, after being captured at the Battle of Alnwick. Edward I brought the Stone of Scone and William Wallace south through the town and Newcastle was successfully defended against the Scots three times during the 14th century.

 

Around 1200, stone-faced, clay-filled jetties were starting to project into the river, an indication that trade was increasing in Newcastle. As the Roman roads continued to deteriorate, sea travel was gaining in importance. By 1275 Newcastle was the sixth largest wool exporting port in England. The principal exports at this time were wool, timber, coal, millstones, dairy produce, fish, salt and hides. Much of the developing trade was with the Baltic countries and Germany. Most of the Newcastle merchants were situated near the river, below the Castle. The earliest known charter was dated 1175 in the reign of Henry II, giving the townspeople some control over their town. In 1216 King John granted Newcastle a mayor[8] and also allowed the formation of guilds (known as Mysteries). These were cartels formed within different trades, which restricted trade to guild members. There were initially twelve guilds. Coal was being exported from Newcastle by 1250, and by 1350 the burgesses received a royal licence to export coal. This licence to export coal was jealously guarded by the Newcastle burgesses, and they tried to prevent any one else on the Tyne from exporting coal except through Newcastle. The burgesses similarly tried to prevent fish from being sold anywhere else on the Tyne except Newcastle. This led to conflicts with Gateshead and South Shields.

 

In 1265, the town was granted permission to impose a 'Wall Tax' or Murage, to pay for the construction of a fortified wall to enclose the town and protect it from Scottish invaders. The town walls were not completed until early in the 14th century. They were two miles (3 km) long, 9 feet (2.7 m) thick and 25 feet (7.6 m) high. They had six main gates, as well as some smaller gates, and had 17 towers. The land within the walls was divided almost equally by the Lort Burn, which flowed southwards and joined the Tyne to the east of the Castle. The town began to expand north of the Castle and west of the Lort Burn with various markets being set up within the walls.

 

In 1400 Henry IV granted a new charter, creating a County corporate which separated the town, but not the Castle, from the county of Northumberland and recognised it as a "county of itself" with a right to have a sheriff of its own. The burgesses were now allowed to choose six aldermen who, with the mayor would be justices of the peace. The mayor and sheriff were allowed to hold borough courts in the Guildhall.

 

Religious houses

During the Middle Ages a number of religious houses were established within the walls: the first of these was the Benedictine nunnery of St Bartholomew founded in 1086 near the present-day Nun Street. Both David I of Scotland and Henry I of England were benefactors of the religious house. Nothing of the nunnery remains now.

 

The friary of Blackfriars, Newcastle (Dominican) was established in 1239. These were also known as the Preaching Friars or Shod Friars, because they wore sandals, as opposed to other orders. The friary was situated in the present-day Friars Street. In 1280 the order was granted royal permission to make a postern in the town walls to communicate with their gardens outside the walls. On 19 June 1334, Edward Balliol, claimant to be King of Scotland, did homage to King Edward III, on behalf of the kingdom of Scotland, in the church of the friary. Much of the original buildings of the friary still exist, mainly because, after the Dissolution of the Monasteries the friary of Blackfriars was rented out by the corporation to nine of the local trade guilds.

 

The friary of Whitefriars (Carmelite) was established in 1262. The order was originally housed on the Wall Knoll in Pandon, but in 1307 it took over the buildings of another order, which went out of existence, the Friars of the Sac. The land, which had originally been given by Robert the Bruce, was situated in the present-day Hanover Square, behind the Central station. Nothing of the friary remains now.

 

The friary of Austinfriars (Augustinian) was established in 1290. The friary was on the site where the Holy Jesus Hospital was built in 1682. The friary was traditionally the lodging place of English kings whenever they visited or passed through Newcastle. In 1503 Princess Margaret, eldest daughter of Henry VII of England, stayed two days at the friary on her way to join her new husband James IV of Scotland.

 

The friary of Greyfriars (Franciscans) was established in 1274. The friary was in the present-day area between Pilgrim Street, Grey Street, Market Street and High Chare. Nothing of the original buildings remains.

 

The friary of the Order of the Holy Trinity, also known as the Trinitarians, was established in 1360. The order devoted a third of its income to buying back captives of the Saracens, during the Crusades. Their house was on the Wall Knoll, in Pandon, to the east of the city, but within the walls. Wall Knoll had previously been occupied by the White Friars until they moved to new premises in 1307.

 

All of the above religious houses were closed in about 1540, when Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries.

 

An important street running through Newcastle at the time was Pilgrim Street, running northwards inside the walls and leading to the Pilgrim Gate on the north wall. The street still exists today as arguably Newcastle's main shopping street.

 

Tudor period

The Scottish border wars continued for much of the 16th century, so that during that time, Newcastle was often threatened with invasion by the Scots, but also remained important as a border stronghold against them.

 

During the Reformation begun by Henry VIII in 1536, the five Newcastle friaries and the single nunnery were dissolved and the land was sold to the Corporation and to rich merchants. At this time there were fewer than 60 inmates of the religious houses in Newcastle. The convent of Blackfriars was leased to nine craft guilds to be used as their headquarters. This probably explains why it is the only one of the religious houses whose building survives to the present day. The priories at Tynemouth and Durham were also dissolved, thus ending the long-running rivalry between Newcastle and the church for control of trade on the Tyne. A little later, the property of the nunnery of St Bartholomew and of Grey Friars were bought by Robert Anderson, who had the buildings demolished to build his grand Newe House (also known as Anderson Place).

 

With the gradual decline of the Scottish border wars the town walls were allowed to decline as well as the castle. By 1547, about 10,000 people were living in Newcastle. At the beginning of the 16th century exports of wool from Newcastle were more than twice the value of exports of coal, but during the century coal exports continued to increase.

 

Under Edward VI, John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, sponsored an act allowing Newcastle to annexe Gateshead as its suburb. The main reason for this was to allow the Newcastle Hostmen, who controlled the export of Tyne coal, to get their hands on the Gateshead coal mines, previously controlled by the Bishop of Durham. However, when Mary I came to power, Dudley met his downfall and the decision was reversed. The Reformation allowed private access to coal mines previously owned by Tynemouth and Durham priories and as a result coal exports increase dramatically, from 15,000 tons in 1500 to 35,000 tons in 1565, and to 400,000 tons in 1625.

 

The plague visited Newcastle four times during the 16th century, in 1579 when 2,000 people died, in 1589 when 1700 died, in 1595 and finally in 1597.

 

In 1600 Elizabeth I granted Newcastle a charter for an exclusive body of electors, the right to elect the mayor and burgesses. The charter also gave the Hostmen exclusive rights to load coal at any point on the Tyne. The Hostmen developed as an exclusive group within the Merchant Adventurers who had been incorporated by a charter in 1547.

 

Stuart period

In 1636 there was a serious outbreak of bubonic plague in Newcastle. There had been several previous outbreaks of the disease over the years, but this was the most serious. It is thought to have arrived from the Netherlands via ships that were trading between the Tyne and that country. It first appeared in the lower part of the town near the docks but gradually spread to all parts of the town. As the disease gained hold the authorities took measures to control it by boarding up any properties that contained infected persons, meaning that whole families were locked up together with the infected family members. Other infected persons were put in huts outside the town walls and left to die. Plague pits were dug next to the town's four churches and outside the town walls to receive the bodies in mass burials. Over the course of the outbreak 5,631 deaths were recorded out of an estimated population of 12,000, a death rate of 47%.

 

In 1637 Charles I tried to raise money by doubling the 'voluntary' tax on coal in return for allowing the Newcastle Hostmen to regulate production and fix prices. This caused outrage amongst the London importers and the East Anglian shippers. Both groups decided to boycott Tyne coal and as a result forced Charles to reverse his decision in 1638.

 

In 1640 during the Second Bishops' War, the Scots successfully invaded Newcastle. The occupying army demanded £850 per day from the Corporation to billet the Scottish troops. Trade from the Tyne ground to a halt during the occupation. The Scots left in 1641 after receiving a Parliamentary pardon and a £4,000,000 loan from the town.

 

In 1642 the English Civil War began. King Charles realised the value of the Tyne coal trade and therefore garrisoned Newcastle. A Royalist was appointed as governor. At that time, Newcastle and King's Lynn were the only important seaports to support the crown. In 1644 Parliament blockaded the Tyne to prevent the king from receiving revenue from the Tyne coal trade. Coal exports fell from 450,000 to 3,000 tons and London suffered a hard winter without fuel. Parliament encouraged the coal trade from the Wear to try to replace that lost from Newcastle but that was not enough to make up for the lost Tyneside tonnage.

 

In 1644 the Scots crossed the border. Newcastle strengthened its defences in preparation. The Scottish army, with 40,000 troops, besieged Newcastle for three months until the garrison of 1,500 surrendered. During the siege, the Scots bombarded the walls with their artillery, situated in Gateshead and Castle Leazes. The Scottish commander threatened to destroy the steeple of St Nicholas's Church by gunfire if the mayor, Sir John Marley, did not surrender the town. The mayor responded by placing Scottish prisoners that they had captured in the steeple, so saving it from destruction. The town walls were finally breached by a combination of artillery and sapping. In gratitude for this defence, Charles gave Newcastle the motto 'Fortiter Defendit Triumphans' to be added to its coat of arms. The Scottish army occupied Northumberland and Durham for two years. The coal taxes had to pay for the Scottish occupation. In 1645 Charles surrendered to the Scots and was imprisoned in Newcastle for nine months. After the Civil War the coal trade on the Tyne soon picked up and exceeded its pre-war levels.

 

A new Guildhall was completed on the Sandhill next to the river in 1655, replacing an earlier facility damaged by fire in 1639, and became the meeting place of Newcastle Town Council. In 1681 the Hospital of the Holy Jesus was built partly on the site of the Austin Friars. The Guildhall and Holy Jesus Hospital still exist.

 

Charles II tried to impose a charter on Newcastle to give the king the right to appoint the mayor, sheriff, recorder and town clerk. Charles died before the charter came into effect. In 1685, James II tried to replace Corporation members with named Catholics. However, James' mandate was suspended in 1689 after the Glorious Revolution welcoming William of Orange. In 1689, after the fall of James II, the people of Newcastle tore down his bronze equestrian statue in Sandhill and tossed it into the Tyne. The bronze was later used to make bells for All Saints Church.

 

In 1689 the Lort Burn was covered over. At this time it was an open sewer. The channel followed by the Lort Burn became the present day Dean Street. At that time, the centre of Newcastle was still the Sandhill area, with many merchants living along the Close or on the Side. The path of the main road through Newcastle ran from the single Tyne bridge, through Sandhill to the Side, a narrow street which climbed steeply on the north-east side of the castle hill until it reached the higher ground alongside St Nicholas' Church. As Newcastle developed, the Side became lined with buildings with projecting upper stories, so that the main street through Newcastle was a narrow, congested, steep thoroughfare.

 

In 1701 the Keelmen's Hospital was built in the Sandgate area of the city, using funds provided by the keelmen. The building still stands today.

 

Eighteenth century

In the 18th century, Newcastle was the country's largest print centre after London, Oxford and Cambridge, and the Literary and Philosophical Society of 1793, with its erudite debates and large stock of books in several languages predated the London Library by half a century.

 

In 1715, during the Jacobite rising in favour of the Old Pretender, an army of Jacobite supporters marched on Newcastle. Many of the Northumbrian gentry joined the rebels. The citizens prepared for its arrival by arresting Jacobite supporters and accepting 700 extra recruits into the local militia. The gates of the city were closed against the rebels. This proved enough to delay an attack until reinforcements arrived forcing the rebel army to move across to the west coast. The rebels finally surrendered at Preston.

 

In 1745, during a second Jacobite rising in favour of the Young Pretender, a Scottish army crossed the border led by Bonnie Prince Charlie. Once again Newcastle prepared by arresting Jacobite supporters and inducting 800 volunteers into the local militia. The town walls were strengthened, most of the gates were blocked up and some 200 cannon were deployed. 20,000 regulars were billeted on the Town Moor. These preparations were enough to force the rebel army to travel south via the west coast. They were eventually defeated at Culloden in 1746.

 

Newcastle's actions during the 1715 rising in resisting the rebels and declaring for George I, in contrast to the rest of the region, is the most likely source of the nickname 'Geordie', applied to people from Tyneside, or more accurately Newcastle. Another theory, however, is that the name 'Geordie' came from the inventor of the Geordie lamp, George Stephenson. It was a type of safety lamp used in mining, but was not invented until 1815. Apparently the term 'German Geordie' was in common use during the 18th century.

 

The city's first hospital, Newcastle Infirmary opened in 1753; it was funded by public subscription. A lying-in hospital was established in Newcastle in 1760. The city's first public hospital for mentally ill patients, Wardens Close Lunatic Hospital was opened in October 1767.

 

In 1771 a flood swept away much of the bridge at Newcastle. The bridge had been built in 1250 and repaired after a flood in 1339. The bridge supported various houses and three towers and an old chapel. A blue stone was placed in the middle of the bridge to mark the boundary between Newcastle and the Palatinate of Durham. A temporary wooden bridge had to be built, and this remained in use until 1781, when a new stone bridge was completed. The new bridge consisted of nine arches. In 1801, because of the pressure of traffic, the bridge had to be widened.

 

A permanent military presence was established in the city with the completion of Fenham Barracks in 1806. The facilities at the Castle for holding assizes, which had been condemned for their inconvenience and unhealthiness, were replaced when the Moot Hall opened in August 1812.

 

Victorian period

Present-day Newcastle owes much of its architecture to the work of the builder Richard Grainger, aided by architects John Dobson, Thomas Oliver, John and Benjamin Green and others. In 1834 Grainger won a competition to produce a new plan for central Newcastle. He put this plan into effect using the above architects as well as architects employed in his own office. Grainger and Oliver had already built Leazes Terrace, Leazes Crescent and Leazes Place between 1829 and 1834. Grainger and Dobson had also built the Royal Arcade at the foot of Pilgrim Street between 1830 and 1832. The most ambitious project covered 12 acres 12 acres (49,000 m2) in central Newcastle, on the site of Newe House (also called Anderson Place). Grainger built three new thoroughfares, Grey Street, Grainger Street and Clayton Street with many connecting streets, as well as the Central Exchange and the Grainger Market. John Wardle and George Walker, working in Grainger's office, designed Clayton Street, Grainger Street and most of Grey Street. Dobson designed the Grainger Market and much of the east side of Grey Street. John and Benjamin Green designed the Theatre Royal at the top of Grey Street, where Grainger placed the column of Grey's Monument as a focus for the whole scheme. Grey Street is considered to be one of the finest streets in the country, with its elegant curve. Unfortunately most of old Eldon Square was demolished in the 1960s in the name of progress. The Royal Arcade met a similar fate.

 

In 1849 a new bridge was built across the river at Newcastle. This was the High Level Bridge, designed by Robert Stephenson, and slightly up river from the existing bridge. The bridge was designed to carry road and rail traffic across the Tyne Gorge on two decks with rail traffic on the upper deck and road traffic on the lower. The new bridge meant that traffic could pass through Newcastle without having to negotiate the steep, narrow Side, as had been necessary for centuries. The bridge was opened by Queen Victoria, who one year later opened the new Central Station, designed by John Dobson. Trains were now able to cross the river, directly into the centre of Newcastle and carry on up to Scotland. The Army Riding School was also completed in 1849.

 

In 1854 a large fire started on the Gateshead quayside and an explosion caused it to spread across the river to the Newcastle quayside. A huge conflagration amongst the narrow alleys, or 'chares', destroyed the homes of 800 families as well as many business premises. The narrow alleys that had been destroyed were replaced by streets containing blocks of modern offices.

 

In 1863 the Town Hall in St Nicholas Square replaced the Guildhall as the meeting place of Newcastle Town Council.

 

In 1876 the low level bridge was replaced by a new bridge known as the Swing Bridge, so called because the bridge was able to swing horizontally on a central axis and allow ships to pass on either side. This meant that for the first time sizeable ships could pass up-river beyond Newcastle. The bridge was built and paid for by William Armstrong, a local arms manufacturer, who needed to have warships access his Elswick arms factory to fit armaments to them. The Swing Bridge's rotating mechanism is adapted from the cannon mounts developed in Armstrong's arms works. In 1882 the Elswick works began to build ships as well as to arm them. The Barrack Road drill hall was completed in 1890.

 

Industrialisation

In the 19th century, shipbuilding and heavy engineering were central to the city's prosperity; and the city was a powerhouse of the Industrial Revolution. Newcastle's development as a major city owed most to its central role in the production and export of coal. The phrase "taking coals to Newcastle" was first recorded in 1538; it proverbially denotes bringing a particular commodity to a place that has more than enough of it already.

 

Innovation in Newcastle and surrounding areas included the following:

 

George Stephenson developed a miner's safety lamp at the same time that Humphry Davy developed a rival design. The lamp made possible the opening up of ever deeper mines to provide the coal that powered the industrial revolution.

George and his son Robert Stephenson were hugely influential figures in the development of the early railways. George developed Blücher, a locomotive working at Killingworth colliery in 1814, whilst Robert was instrumental in the design of Rocket, a revolutionary design that was the forerunner of modern locomotives. Both men were involved in planning and building railway lines, all over this country and abroad.

 

Joseph Swan demonstrated a working electric light bulb about a year before Thomas Edison did the same in the USA. This led to a dispute as to who had actually invented the light bulb. Eventually the two rivals agreed to form a mutual company between them, the Edison and Swan Electric Light Company, known as Ediswan.

 

Charles Algernon Parsons invented the steam turbine, for marine use and for power generation. He used Turbinia, a small, turbine-powered ship, to demonstrate the speed that a steam turbine could generate. Turbinia literally ran rings around the British Fleet at a review at Spithead in 1897.

 

William Armstrong invented a hydraulic crane that was installed in dockyards up and down the country. He then began to design light, accurate field guns for the British army. These were a vast improvement on the existing guns that were then in use.

 

The following major industries developed in Newcastle or its surrounding area:

 

Glassmaking

A small glass industry existed in Newcastle from the mid-15th century. In 1615 restrictions were put on the use of wood for manufacturing glass. It was found that glass could be manufactured using the local coal, and so a glassmaking industry grew up on Tyneside. Huguenot glassmakers came over from France as refugees from persecution and set up glasshouses in the Skinnerburn area of Newcastle. Eventually, glass production moved to the Ouseburn area of Newcastle. In 1684 the Dagnia family, Sephardic Jewish emigrants from Altare, arrived in Newcastle from Stourbridge and established glasshouses along the Close, to manufacture high quality flint glass. The glass manufacturers used sand ballast from the boats arriving in the river as the main raw material. The glassware was then exported in collier brigs. The period from 1730 to 1785 was the highpoint of Newcastle glass manufacture, when the local glassmakers produced the 'Newcastle Light Baluster'. The glassmaking industry still exists in the west end of the city with local Artist and Glassmaker Jane Charles carrying on over four hundred years of hot glass blowing in Newcastle upon Tyne.

 

Locomotive manufacture

In 1823 George Stephenson and his son Robert established the world's first locomotive factory near Forth Street in Newcastle. Here they built locomotives for the Stockton and Darlington Railway and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, as well as many others. It was here that the famous locomotive Rocket was designed and manufactured in preparation for the Rainhill Trials. Apart from building locomotives for the British market, the Newcastle works also produced locomotives for Europe and America. The Forth Street works continued to build locomotives until 1960.

 

Shipbuilding

In 1296 a wooden, 135 ft (41 m) long galley was constructed at the mouth of the Lort Burn in Newcastle, as part of a twenty-ship order from the king. The ship cost £205, and is the earliest record of shipbuilding in Newcastle. However the rise of the Tyne as a shipbuilding area was due to the need for collier brigs for the coal export trade. These wooden sailing ships were usually built locally, establishing local expertise in building ships. As ships changed from wood to steel, and from sail to steam, the local shipbuilding industry changed to build the new ships. Although shipbuilding was carried out up and down both sides of the river, the two main areas for building ships in Newcastle were Elswick, to the west, and Walker, to the east. By 1800 Tyneside was the third largest producer of ships in Britain. Unfortunately, after the Second World War, lack of modernisation and competition from abroad gradually caused the local industry to decline and die.

 

Armaments

In 1847 William Armstrong established a huge factory in Elswick, west of Newcastle. This was initially used to produce hydraulic cranes but subsequently began also to produce guns for both the army and the navy. After the Swing Bridge was built in 1876 allowing ships to pass up river, warships could have their armaments fitted alongside the Elswick works. Armstrong's company took over its industrial rival, Joseph Whitworth of Manchester in 1897.

 

Steam turbines

Charles Algernon Parsons invented the steam turbine and, in 1889, founded his own company C. A. Parsons and Company in Heaton, Newcastle to make steam turbines. Shortly after this, he realised that steam turbines could be used to propel ships and, in 1897, he founded a second company, Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company in Wallsend. It is there that he designed and manufactured Turbinia. Parsons turbines were initially used in warships but soon came to be used in merchant and passenger vessels, including the liner Mauretania which held the blue riband for the Atlantic crossing until 1929. Parsons' company in Heaton began to make turbo-generators for power stations and supplied power stations all over the world. The Heaton works, reduced in size, remains as part of the Siemens AG industrial giant.

 

Pottery

In 1762 the Maling pottery was founded in Sunderland by French Huguenots, but transferred to Newcastle in 1817. A factory was built in the Ouseburn area of the city. The factory was rebuilt twice, finally occupying a 14-acre (57,000 m2) site that was claimed to be the biggest pottery in the world and which had its own railway station. The pottery pioneered use of machines in making potteries as opposed to hand production. In the 1890s the company went up-market and employed in-house designers. The period up to the Second World War was the most profitable with a constant stream of new designs being introduced. However, after the war, production gradually declined and the company closed in 1963.

 

Expansion of the city

Newcastle was one of the boroughs reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835: the reformed municipal borough included the parishes of Byker, Elswick, Heaton, Jesmond, Newcastle All Saints, Newcastle St Andrew, Newcastle St John, Newcastle St Nicholas, and Westgate. The urban districts of Benwell and Fenham and Walker were added in 1904. In 1935, Newcastle gained Kenton and parts of the parishes of West Brunton, East Denton, Fawdon, Longbenton. The most recent expansion in Newcastle's boundaries took place under the Local Government Act 1972 on 1 April 1974, when Newcastle became a metropolitan borough, also including the urban districts of Gosforth and Newburn, and the parishes of Brunswick, Dinnington, Hazlerigg, North Gosforth and Woolsington from the Castle Ward Rural District, and the village of Westerhope.

 

Meanwhile Northumberland County Council was formed under the Local Government Act 1888 and benefited from a dedicated meeting place when County Hall was completed in the Castle Garth area of Newcastle in 1910. Following the Local Government Act 1972 County Hall relocated to Morpeth in April 1981.

 

Twentieth century

In 1925 work began on a new high-level road bridge to span the Tyne Gorge between Newcastle and Gateshead. The capacity of the existing High-Level Bridge and Swing Bridge were being strained to the limit, and an additional bridge had been discussed for a long time. The contract was awarded to the Dorman Long Company and the bridge was finally opened by King George V in 1928. The road deck was 84 feet (26 m) above the river and was supported by a 531 feet (162 m) steel arch. The new Tyne Bridge quickly became a symbol for Newcastle and Tyneside, and remains so today.

 

During the Second World War, Newcastle was largely spared the horrors inflicted upon other British cities bombed during the Blitz. Although the armaments factories and shipyards along the River Tyne were targeted by the Luftwaffe, they largely escaped unscathed. Manors goods yard and railway terminal, to the east of the city centre, and the suburbs of Jesmond and Heaton suffered bombing during 1941. There were 141 deaths and 587 injuries, a relatively small figure compared to the casualties in other industrial centres of Britain.

 

In 1963 the city gained its own university, the University of Newcastle upon Tyne, by act of parliament. A School of Medicine and Surgery had been established in Newcastle in 1834. This eventually developed into a college of medicine attached to Durham University. A college of physical science was also founded and became Armstrong College in 1904. In 1934 the two colleges merged to become King's College, Durham. This remained as part of Durham University until the new university was created in 1963. In 1992 the city gained its second university when Newcastle Polytechnic was granted university status as Northumbria University.

 

Newcastle City Council moved to the new Newcastle Civic Centre in 1968.

 

As heavy industries declined in the second half of the 20th century, large sections of the city centre were demolished along with many areas of slum housing. The leading political figure in the city during the 1960s was T. Dan Smith who oversaw a massive building programme of highrise housing estates and authorised the demolition of a quarter of the Georgian Grainger Town to make way for Eldon Square Shopping Centre. Smith's control in Newcastle collapsed when it was exposed that he had used public contracts to advantage himself and his business associates and for a time Newcastle became a byword for civic corruption as depicted in the films Get Carter and Stormy Monday and in the television series Our Friends in the North. However, much of the historic Grainger Town area survived and was, for the most part, fully restored in the late 1990s. Northumberland Street, initially the A1, was gradually closed to traffic from the 1970s and completely pedestrianised by 1998.

 

In 1978 a new rapid transport system, the Metro, was built, linking the Tyneside area. The system opened in August 1980. A new bridge was built to carry the Metro across the river between Gateshead and Newcastle. This was the Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, commonly known as the Metro Bridge. Eventually the Metro system was extended to reach Newcastle Airport in 1991, and in 2002 the Metro system was extended to the nearby city of Sunderland.

 

As the 20th century progressed, trade on the Newcastle and Gateshead quaysides gradually declined, until by the 1980s both sides of the river were looking rather derelict. Shipping company offices had closed along with offices of firms related to shipping. There were also derelict warehouses lining the riverbank. Local government produced a master plan to re-develop the Newcastle quayside and this was begun in the 1990s. New offices, restaurants, bars and residential accommodation were built and the area has changed in the space of a few years into a vibrant area, partially returning the focus of Newcastle to the riverside, where it was in medieval times.

 

The Gateshead Millennium Bridge, a foot and cycle bridge, 26 feet (7.9 m) wide and 413 feet (126 m) long, was completed in 2001. The road deck is in the form of a curve and is supported by a steel arch. To allow ships to pass, the whole structure, both arch and road-deck, rotates on huge bearings at either end so that the road deck is lifted. The bridge can be said to open and shut like a human eye. It is an important addition to the re-developed quayside area, providing a vital link between the Newcastle and Gateshead quaysides.

 

Recent developments

Today the city is a vibrant centre for office and retail employment, but just a short distance away there are impoverished inner-city housing estates, in areas originally built to provide affordable housing for employees of the shipyards and other heavy industries that lined the River Tyne. In the 2010s Newcastle City Council began implementing plans to regenerate these depressed areas, such as those along the Ouseburn Valley.

See My entire photostream at:

 

www.flickr.com/photos/spookykittencouture

 

View my items for sale, or convo me for a custom item:

www.spookykitten.com

www.crickit.net

 

I custom draft patterns for fit and style, and can base your design on a photograph, sketch, or combine multiple inspiration ideas into one great garment!

 

Please feel free to contact me at either site above, I usually respond within 24 hours.

 

Some frequently asked questions:

 

Yes, I do international shipping orders

 

yes, I source/find/purchase/provide the materials for your garment, unless you have some that you would like used

 

Yes, I make items in ALL sizes. Every single one. I can custom design something no matter what your height/weight/bra-size etc. I even have experience working with non-average figures including loss of appendages (arms, legs, etc.) and accommodating a severe disability/unusual shape.

 

Yes, i respond to everyone. I will always reply! (if you don't hear from me, i either didn't get the message, or am on a freak internet break)

 

Yes, I can do rush orders, please convo as soon as you can about planning

 

Yes, i can do payment plans for larger projects, convo me

 

Yes, I am a real person in California USA, I am not an assembly line/sweatshop/slavedriver. Me and my family work on every item start to finish.

 

Yes, I love Project Runway, but no, i don't want to be on it!

 

Yes, I love the odd/strange/weird projects, but I also love the impeccably simple bridal gown as well.

 

No, I do not have a minimum. Small projects are welcome.

 

Yes, I help with the total package. I can help you find the accessories you need to complete the look, and all the underpinnings and other garments you may need to get the right shape for the garment. I like to make sure you are happy with the end result as much as I am.

 

If you have a question not on here, please feel free to convo me at the above sites.

 

Thanks for viewing!

 

In this view from the early 1980s, the Devon General name can still be seen above the entrance. What is more remarkable is the fact that this style of fleetname was superseded in 1938 with the Gill Sans typeface, so this garage had not had a repaint in well over 40 years by the time I took this shot.

The garage was built in 1931 large enough to house 15 vehicles, but it never reached that capacity, pre war it was usual for seven buses to be housed here in the summer, five in winter. For its location, it is surprising to know that from 1955 even double deckers were housed here, the entrance being built large enough to take them. It closed in 1971 soon after Western National took over control of Devon General.

But hey, you're not a fiddle

But Alice always looks stunning!

MV Windsor Castle at Leith Docks. It was formerly the Northern Lighthouse Board's Fingal but was bought in 2014 by the Royal Yacht Britannia and is being turned into a floating hotel.

Summer Tollwood festival, Munich

 

@Sorry, because a technical mistake of me, I deleted all lovely 16 comments :-(

Thanks all

Engsoleie og Stemorsblomst / Buttercups & Heartsease - Ranunculus acris & Viola tricolor

 

Ranunculus acris is one of the more common buttercups across Europe and temperate Eurasia. Common names include meadow buttercup and tall buttercup. The plant is also known as an introduced species across much of the rest of the world, including Australia. It is a naturalized species and often a weed in parts of North America, but it is probably native in Alaska and Greenland.

This species is variable in appearance across the world. It is a somewhat hairy plant that has ascending flowing stems bearing glossy yellow flowers about 25 mm across. There are five overlapping petals borne above 5 green sepals that soon turn yellow as the flower matures. It has numerous stamens inserted below the ovary. As with other members of the genus, the numerous seeds are borne as achenes.

This and other buttercups contain ranunculin, which breaks down to the toxin protoanemonin, a chemical that can cause dermatitis and vomiting.

The rare autumn buttercup (R. aestivalis) is sometimes treated as a variety of this species. (Source: Wikipedia)

 

Viola tricolor, known as Heartsease, is a common European wild flower, growing as an annual or short-lived perennial. It has been introduced into North America, where it has spread widely, and is known as the Johnny Jump Up (though this name is also applied to similar species such as the Yellow Pansy). It is the progenitor of the cultivated Pansy, and is therefore sometimes called Wild Pansy; before the cultivated Pansies were developed, "Pansy" was an alternative name for the wild form.

Heartsease is a small plant of creeping and ramping habit, reaching at most 15 cm in height, with flowers about 1.5 cm in diameter. It grows in short grassland on farms and wasteland, chiefly on acid or neutral soils. It is usually found in partial shade. It flowers from April to September. The flowers can be purple, blue, yellow or white. They are hermaphrodite and self-fertile, pollinated by bees. (Source: Wikipedia)

 

Engsoleie, (Ranunculus acris) også kalt smørblomst, er en av de mer vanlige soleiene i Europa, den vokser helt opp til 2400 meters høyde. Den noe hårete planten med opp til meterhøye stengler, bærer blomster som blir om lag 25 mm i diameter. Den blomstrer fra mai til oktober og har fem overlappende gule blad i blomsten. Fruktemnet hos engsoleie er apokarp, dvs. at det består av mange deler med hvert sitt arr. Antallet pollenbærere er også stort og ubestemt. Bladene er tre- til fem-delte med store fliker.

Engsoleie er nasjonalblomsten på Færøyene, hvor den heter sólja (IPA: [ˈsœlja]).

Når vi tar en frisk engsoleie, vil ranunculin fra snittet bli brutt ned til protoanetonin. Dette kan forårsake hudirritasjoner, og man bør derfor behandle planten med forsiktighet. Giften forsvinner ved tørking, så engsoleie i høy er ikke farlig. Dyr på beite unngår engsoleie, som derfor ofte blir stående som gule øyer på jordene. (Kilde: Wikipedia)

 

Stemorsblom, stemorsblomst eller natt og dag (vitenskapelig navn: Viola tricolor) er en ett- eller toårig fiol, med en høyde på opp til 20 cm. Den har en opprettet vekst. Stemorsblom blomstrer mest hele året, bare det ikke blir for vått. Planten er mest vanlig i Sør-Norge; den er å finne langs havstrand, veikant, berg, skogbryn og lignende. Arten tilhører fiolfamilien. Det finnes to underarter av stemorsblom; vanlig stemorsblom (Viola tricolor ssp. tricolor) og Viola tricolor ssp. curtisii.

Navnet natt og dag, med varianter, er kjent fra alle fylker sør for Trøndelag, og i flere fylker er dette navnet dominerende. Det har sin forklaring i blomstens farger, fra den lyse (gule) dagen nederst til den mørke (lilla) natten øverst.

Skjereblom, maikatt, kjerkefolk, kjerringtenner, sypiker og gammel-kjerringblome er andre navn på planten. (Kilde: Wikipedia)

 

© Aslak Tronrud 2011

50 years ago the most transfigured Austrian politician died. He was an ideal cast in his day, but almost all the legends that shape the image of Leopold Figl are wrong.

Everyone knows this speech: "I can not give you anything for Christmas, no piece of bread, no coal for heating, no glass for engraving. We have nothing, we can only ask you: Believe in this Austria." Leopold Figl's Christmas Address 1945 before the Staff at the Chancellery is part of the republic's treasure of myth, a symbol of ironic patriotism of its people. Merely: There was certainly the ceremony, but this speech was certainly not held there. "The 23 second long radio play that is today offered on YouTube comes from April 1965. The young journalists Ernst Wolfram Marboe and Hans Magenschab had brought the already dying Figl then in the studio to record the legendary "Christmas address" for the first time on recordings. It had not been possible in 1945. 20 years later, the content of the speech was roughly reconstructed from the memory and from set pieces of the political declaration of Figl of December 21, 1945.

It is the one typical episode of the picture that probably on the occasion of the upcoming commemoration - the 70th anniversary of the end of the war, the 60th anniversary of the State Treaty, the fiftieth anniversary of Figl's death - still will be consolidated. Hardly any of the legends that surround Figl can stand up to a closer scrutiny, but they all outlive the times, because they fit so well with the picture that makes Austria of itself: Small but tough, we reach our goals with cunning, charm and chutzpah. And if necessary, we drink the others under the table, as in the State treaty. No caricature is more popular in than that of H.E. Köhler, published in the Munich satirical magazine "Simplicissimus" in 1955: Julius Raab plucked the zither as a heuriger singer and Leopold Figl advises in the face of deeply moved Soviets: "And now the 'phylloxera' - then they are tender."

In fact, Figl was the only one drunk at the State treaty Negotiations.

IDEALIZED IMAGE

Much is wrong with the image of the man who - with the exception of Karl Renner - shapes the memory of post-war Austria like no other. The "Spirit of the Lagerstraße (understanding between two political camps once hostile to each other)? A strongly overestimated phenomenon, Figl, the darling of the party? The ÖVP never has treated its chairmen gently, with Figl she proceeded mercilessly.

"It does Figl no good service, if he is represented in the style of 'Dear Augustin'," says the historian Helmut Wohnout, who last week submitted a finely researched work on "Leopold Figl and the year 1945" (see book and Event tip in the current profile edition, page 43). What Wohnout, an acknowledged expert on the party history of the Christian Socialists, wants to do is to make a bold project in view of the many hagiographies: to turn the picture of Leopold Figl upside down.

This has earned the chancellor of myths. His era falls into a time that is hard to imagine for further generations. Two years after the end of the war, in the 1947 hunger winter, conditions prevailed as they are today in African developing countries. The schools remained closed because there was no coal. The exhausted, hungry miners were exhausted. As heavy laborers, they were entitled to 1600 calories daily, they needed 5000.

A household was allowed to consume 0.5 kilowatt-hours of electricity per day during the winter - that's equivalent to the power of a 100-watt bulb that glows for 5 hours. Due to the lack of fertilizers and fuel in 1947 only seven tons of potatoes per hectare were harvested. In 1937, one hectare had yielded 17 tons. It was the same with wheat.

In eastern Austria, almost 70 percent of children were malnourished during the cold winter of 1946/47. Of 1000 newborns, 160 died in the first year of life (today there are three). Immediately after the war, the situation had been even more catastrophic: 42 percent of all born in June 1945 died within a few weeks.

Large streams of refugees were moving across the country. 113,000 asylum seekers had to feed the impoverished republic in the dreary year 1947. It was not until 1953 that the calorie quota of the, besides, not at all opulent comparative year of 1937 was reached again.

 

Vor 50 Jahren starb der verklärteste Politiker Österreichs. Er war zu seiner Zeit eine Idealbesetzung, aber fast alle Legenden, die das Bild von Leopold Figl prägen, sind falsch.

Diese Rede kennen alle: "Ich kann euch zu Weihnachten nichts geben, kein Stück Brot, keine Kohle zum Heizen, kein Glas zum Einschneiden. Wir haben nichts. Wir können euch nur bitten: Glaubt an dieses Österreich.“ Leopold Figls Weihnachtsansprache 1945 vor den Angestellten des Kanzleramts ist Teil des Mythenschatzes der Republik, ein Symbol für die eherne Vaterlandsliebe ihrer Menschen. Bloß: Es gab wohl die Feierstunde, aber diese Rede wurde dort mit Sicherheit nicht so gehalten. Das 23 Sekunden lange Hörstück, das heute auf YouTube unter diesem Titel angeboten wird, stammt aus dem April 1965. Die jungen Journalisten Ernst Wolfram Marboe und Hans Magenschab hatten den bereits todkranken Figl damals ins Studio gebracht, um die legendenumwobene "Weihnachtsansprache“ erstmals auf Tonträger zu bannen. 1945 war das nicht möglich gewesen. Den Inhalt der Rede rekonstruierte man 20 Jahre später grob aus dem Gedächtnis und aus Versatzstücken der Regierungserklärung Figls vom 21. Dezember 1945.

Es ist das eine typische Episode für das Bild, das sich anlässlich der anstehenden Gedenktage - 70 Jahre Kriegsende, 60 Jahre Staatsvertrag, 50. Todestag Figls - wohl noch verfestigen wird. Denn kaum eine der Legenden, die Figl umranken, hält einer genaueren Überprüfung stand, aber sie alle überdauern die Zeitläufte, weil sie so gut zum Bild passen, das sich Österreich von sich selbst macht: Klein, aber zäh, erreichen wir unsere Ziele mit Schläue, Charme und Chuzpe. Und wenn nötig, saufen wir die anderen unter den Tisch, wie damals beim Staatsvertrag. Keine Karikatur ist hierzulande beliebter als jene von H. E. Köhler, erschienen 1955 in der Münchener Satirezeitschrift "Simplicissimus“: Julius Raab zupft als Heurigensänger die Zither und Leopold Figl rät angesichts tief gerührter Sowjets: "Und jetzt noch die, Reblaus‘ - dann sans waach.“

Tatsächlich war Figl bei den Staatsvertragsverhandlungen der Einzige, der betrunken war.

VERKLÄRTES BILD

Vieles stimmt nicht am Bild des Mannes, der - mit Ausnahme Karl Renners - wie kein anderer die Erinnerung an Nachkriegsösterreich prägt. Der "Geist der Lagerstraße“? Ein stark überschätztes Phänomen. Figl, der Liebling der Partei? Die ÖVP ging nie sanft mit ihren Obmännern um, mit Figl verfuhr sie gnadenlos.

"Man leistet Figl keinen guten Dienst, wenn man ihn als eine Art, Lieber Augustin‘ darstellt“, meint der Historiker Helmut Wohnout, der vergangene Woche eine fein recherchierte Arbeit zum Thema "Leopold Figl und das Jahr 1945“ vorlegte (siehe Buch- und Veranstaltungstipp in der aktuellen profil-Ausgabe, Seite 43). Worauf Wohnout, ein ausgewiesener Experte für die Parteigeschichte der Christlichsozialen, hinauswill, ist angesichts der vielen Hagiografien ein kühnes Projekt: das Bild von Leopold Figl vom Kopf auf die Füße zu stellen.

Das hat der Mythenkanzler verdient. Seine Ära fällt in eine für Nachgeborene schwer vorstellbare Zeit. Noch zwei Jahre nach Kriegsende, im Hungerwinter 1947, herrschten Bedingungen wie heute in afrikanischen Entwicklungsländern. Die Schulen blieben geschlossen, weil es keine Kohle gab. Die erschöpften, von Hunger geschwächten Bergleute konnten nicht mehr. 1600 Kalorien standen ihnen als Schwerstarbeiter täglich zu, benötigt hätten sie 5000.

0,5 Kilowattstunden Strom durfte ein Haushalt in diesem Winter pro Tag verbrauchen - das entspricht der Leistung einer fünf Stunden lang leuchtenden 100-Watt-Birne. Wegen des Mangels an Düngemitteln und Treibstoff wurden 1947 nur noch sieben Tonnen Kartoffeln pro Hektar geerntet. 1937 hatte ein Hektar 17 Tonnen hergegeben. Ähnlich war es beim Weizen.

In Ostösterreich waren im Kältewinter 1946/47 fast 70 Prozent der Kinder unterernährt. Von 1000 Neugeborenen starben 160 im ersten Lebensjahr (heute sind es drei). Unmittelbar nach Kriegsende war die Lage noch katastrophaler gewesen: 42 Prozent aller im Juni 1945 Geborenen starben innerhalb weniger Wochen.

Gewaltige Flüchtlingsströme zogen durchs Land. 113.000 Asylwerber musste die verarmte Republik im tristen Jahr 1947 mitverpflegen. Erst 1953 konnte wieder die Kalorienquote des ohnehin nicht üppigen Vergleichsjahres 1937 erreicht werden.

www.profil.at/oesterreich/zeitgeschichte-der-andere-figl-...

but 65 years old.

but they help : )

 

#2 of the 30 day challenge - What you wore today.

but there is just something that gets me about it. maybe it's the fingers. :)

  

Hmmm what to write?

Its not so much a lack of material but more a lack of direction... so I'll go with whatever comes to mind as it does.

I've wanted to go to Japan (and particularly during the Cherry Blossoms Festival) since I was in Gr 6 and did a project on the country (during the Nagano Olympics-1998--isn't it cool how memory works?) A friend of mine was actually going to go this year. We had even discussed going together... That, of course, was before I got accepted to school and started making new plans for myself. Those plans basically included putting some things I wanted to do on hold but more importantly planning new things... New adventures. His plans have also had to go on hold, pending Japan's recovery from the tragic natural disasters of last month.

A year ago last weekend was the first time I went to NY to check out my current school's campus. I wasn't necessarily enthused about living in NY like most people get because I already loved the city I was coming from. A year ago, I had no idea what I was going to be doing in a year... if I'd belong... and if I'd be able to find people like those I'd be leaving behind. Last week, with a new group of friends (new relative to the lifelong relationships I have with some) I went to Washington for the first time... and in particular to see the cherry blossoms. Life's rather kind like that. Giving if you're open to it.

These past few weeks have been rather exciting. I've confirmed a placement for 6 months in Johannesburg improving the standards of care of their health system. School is going swimmingly and I'm still running (although chickening out on my marathon goal-may just run half). More importantly (and obviously this is subjective as most people probably won't think this to be the most important thing but my priorities include FUN high up on the list) I started bouldering. I love it! (I've climbed indoors for a few years, but nothing this consistent, nor technical nor challenging... like I said, I love it!). Now I have to start getting used to the idea of leaving this new home I've made for yet another one. But what's so incredible about this entire journey is that while I was afraid I'd be forgotten by those I left, I sometimes feel more connected b/c we work harder to make time for each other despite the distance.

 

So, this goes out to my friends, to cherry blossoms, and promises that while delayed, are bound to come true in some form or another... I pinky swear!

 

website

But who can really blame adult Homer, because we all already know that Adult Marge isn’t much better at staying faithful to him either. simpsons.porn/

These are very simple to make, but time consuming. It takes several hours with proofing. The dough is very basic.

recipe:

 

1 pkg. active dry yeast

1 c warm milk

1 tsp sugar

1/3 butter or margarine

2 eggs

1/2 c sugar

1 tsp salt

4 c all-purpose flour

 

For the filling I roll out the dough, spread some melted butter over the surface and sprinkle the cinnamon directly onto it. then I spread handfuls of brown sugar in a thick layer so that when it bakes up it's crunchy and oh-so-delicious. You can add raisins if you want--I do not want raisins defiling my cinnamon rolls!

 

Proof the yeast by mixing it in warm milk until it dissolves--not too hot or it'll kill the yeast right quick. I add some sugar to make it foam. Set aside for a few minutes covered and wait for it to foam up to make sure it's good yeast.

Beat together eggs, sugar and softened butter, mix in the yeast mixture, then add the salt and flour. Knead the dough on a well-floured surface [this particular recipe is super sticky so add more flour as you like] for about ten minutes until it's got a smooth consistency. Put it in a bowl, cover it with plastic wrap or a towel to and let it rise for about an hour or until it's doubled.

Roll out the dough into a rectangle [there are specific sizes that I don't bother with because I'm lazy], until the dough is about 1/4 thick, maybe a little thicker. Depends on how big you want the rolls to be! Spread the dough with melted butter and either mix together cinnamon and brown sugar or do like I do with sprinkle the cinnamon first and spread the brown sugar on top in a thick layer. Either way, put cinnamon and brown sugar on the dough. Roll it up, trying to keep it fairly tight, pinch the edge to help keep it together. Cut into slices as thick or thin as you want, but make them all the same thickness so they bake evenly.

Place the spirals in a pan, round or square depends on you preference, and I line mine with parchment paper because otherwise the brown sugar melts and makes it really hard to get them out when it cools. Let the rolls proof for at least an hour in a warm, draft-free area until they're all mushed in together and looking soft as air. Aren't I so technical?

Put in the oven at 350 for 20-25 minutes or until golden brown, but not dark brown....I have a habit of overbaking, so I underbake everything and it turns out just right. Meanwhile as they're baking you make the best icing ever:

about 4 T softened butter [NOT melted!], 3 oz. of softened cream cheese, a pinch of salt, 1 tsp vanilla, and about 1 1/2 c powdered sugar. Beat it all together with a mixer until smooth. I usually have to tweak it, adding some more sugar, adding some more cream cheese until it's tangy and sweet all at the same time. I eyeball the recipe a lot, that's just the base to start with. When the rolls have cooled off a bit, slap the icing on and let it get all gooey and delicious and try not to eat all of them. ENJOY.

  

the moronic porter, in a fit of jealousy because I joked that I was on the phone with my boyfriend [as if he doesn't know better than to realize I love him and no one else], was suddenly not excited to eat the cinnamon rolls he had come into the office to get with a grin on his face. the grin was gone and as he got TWO of them out of the dish, he asked insolently, "Why are they sloppy?" I just stared at him and my heart was breaking because I realized that he was going to be mean to me for the rest of the day. Little did I know just HOW mean and immature he would act because he thought I had a boyfriend, that I was talking to another guy, and when I WAS talking to another guy....except it shouldn't be any different than when I talk to any of the other salesmen...but for some reason the vampire rubs the porters the wrong way and they can't handle me talking to him. It's beyond ridiculous.

Last night I walked in the Paseo del Carmen, at the beginning I didn't like since there were too many people and various food stalls and things, but later I discovered that I was that bored that did not appreciate the Customs and cultures that surrounded me, walking i discovered the charisma and the kindness of the people surrounding me. But my attention was focused on a young artist making a caricature of a simple image. I hope to convey my emotions in this simple picture

But the day after was the same old, same old.

by Yoko Ono

 

“Fly” is the latest track of the record but it has been made the first just when my last album was finished and was out in the street. It was made in our bedroom in the Regency Hotel in New York on Xmas 1970 on a Nagra operated by John. I was thinking that I must make a soundtrack for my film FLY which was just near completion. The John suggested maybe we should knock it off before the 10 o’clock news that night. It was that casual. We did it in one take, as most of my things are done.

 

I don’t believe in doing things over. When I was painting one day it suddenly occurred to me that there is no line that you can go over. if you go over a line, the line that you went over is a totally new line.

 

When you use the correctocopy to correct typing mistakes, you don’t go over the wrong letters with the right letters. With the correctosheet you have to first go over the same line again with the exact wrong letter you typed before. Only then you can erase the mistakes and type over the correct letter. I’m always fascinated by this seemingly illogical fact.

 

It looks like there is some philosophical connection between these stories but I don’t seem to be able to find the word for it now. But the point is I don’t believe in doing things over, and unless it is a really bad take, I believe in the first take.

 

Another story: This is about a Japanese painter who was asked by his lord to do a painting. The lord waited a year and nothing has come of it. He sent a messenger to the painter. The painter came out and said “Oh, o.k., just a minute” or something and did a one stroke painting while the messenger was waiting in the next room. The messenger returned the painting and told the lord what had happened. The lord was very angry and arrested the painter. “You insulted me by making me wait for a whole year for the painting and on top of that, you used only a second to finish the painting. What was that!” something to that effect. The painter calmly replied, :Every day of the year that I was not painting, I was preparing for the painting, the painting may have been one stroke and it may have taken only a second to do it, but the whole year of pain and joy were in that stroke. The year was a necessary time.”

 

I used to do things like fast five days before a concert to prepare my mind for the performance-because the performance was not my skill but the state of mind I was in at the time. Whenever I pick up a mike, I’m aware that every minute if 38 years goes into it, whether I like it or not.

 

What I did in “Fly” was what I wanted to do for 10 years, so I was very satisfied when I did it. I thought of making an album around this piece. It took almost a whole year after that to finally complete the album, though. Another Xmas is coming very soon. The winter is cold and tough-and you have to crawl a long way before you fly. Winter is age. Cold makes you go slow. Fly I a monologue in three stages.

  

Section one- monologue

Section two- monologue in a dialogue form:

John played his guitar against the playback

of my voice from section one. The guitar

tape was then reversed and put together

with my voice tape, so that the voice and the

guitar ran in two opposite directions as sepa-

rate monologues.

Section three- monologue in a trialogue form: John played

his guitar against the reversed playback of

tape section two. John’s guitar tape made in

this process was reversed and played while I

did my voice. When the guitar tape was over

and when my voice was still going, John

played the radio against my voice.

 

Monologue is a reminiscence of my old days. I used to search for musi-

cians who had the same state as I to make musical dialogues with. But I had never met who can really do that with me on the level that I was thinking of. Female artists for some reason, didn’t have enough experience in expressing themselves with instruments-maybe they went for for usage of a more direct instrument which was one’s own body-and the male artists used to be caught in whatever brilliance they had possessed and were not free. So I ended up always in doing a dialogue. John is the first person I met who knows how to be free, and that is why he plays such a very important role in all my pieces. For instance, you see that section 3 of Fly is a guitar solo with voice accompaniment rather than the other way around.

 

Most of the pieces in this album are centred around a dialogue between my voice and John’s guitar. John and I crawl, roll, and fly together. John brought in musicians that are fine samurais. John, as a rhythm guitarist, leads the rhythm track, he pushes them to fly with me. Listen to Ringo and Jim Keltner’s drumming. Klaus Voormann’s bass, Chris Osborne’s guitar and listen to the intricate conversation that goes between all of us in “Mind Train”. Chris Osborne came from a guitar shop to sell a guitar to John. He stayed and played.

 

Thanks to John and the Plastic Ono Band. Thanks to Yoko’s wisdom for allowing it to happen-rather than controlling note by note, to push her ego. Maybe she is a bit too proud about it, but let’s not be too hard on her.

 

Note on Joe Jones Tone Deaf Music Co.

I was always fascinated by the idea of making special instruments for special emotions-instruments that lead us to emotions arrived by their own motions rather than my our control. With those instruments, I wanted to explore emotions and vibration which have not been explored as yet in music. I thought of building a house on the hill which makes different sounds by the wind that goes through different windows, doors and holes. (Re: Grapefruit: paperback edition out now!!!) Ten years ago I met Joe Jones who’s been making such instruments specially for this album which can play by themselves with minimum manipulation (Turning switches only.)

 

I’m very happy about what happened with “Airmale” and “You” as a result of my session with Tone Deaf Co. “Airmale” in Yang and “You” is Yin. “Don’t Count The Waves” is the water that connects the two Ying and Yang islands. “Airmale” expresses the delicateness of Male. “You” expresses the aggressiveness of female. “You” has all the feminine resentment, moan and animal satisfaction in it. Finally, there is just a wind blowing over a sand hill over white dried female bones, but still, with emotion. The wind created by tape feedback is what I always wanted to do a rock number with a tape loop of feedback as a riff. But this will do for now.

 

When I was in Sarah Lawrence, which was before I joined the avant-garde, and in London around 1967-8, which was when I was feeling very miserable, I composed many songs. “Mrs. Lennon” is that category of songs, but unlike “Remember Love” and “Who has seen the Wind”, I felt it was recorded very well. “Mrs Lennon” was meant to be a joke on me, and also an anti-war song. The lyrics were made in 1969 and the music was finished this month in New York during the recording sessions.

 

“Midsummer New York” is about the deep insecurity I have in me that I associate with my life in New York before I met John. The lyrics were made last year, though I always wanted to make a song that uses the word “shaking” with a double meaning, since I discovered the usage of the word in rock songs in 1968.

 

This album roughly turned out to be:

 

1st and 2nd sides: Songs to dance to-Rock and songs with physical

beat

3rd and 4th sides: Songs to listen to-mind music with mind beat

 

The Mind Music Section has number connectio0ns.

 

“Fly”-1,2 and 3

 

“Airmale”-5

 

“Don’t Count The Waves”-7

 

“You”-9

 

It is very important to know about numbers to understand the connections of the pieces, so I will quote the relevant lines form my writing called “On Number” and end this long introduction to the album.

 

ONE

 

One is an immobile number. One is found in our bodies often as fixed

parts. We count ourselves as one but it might be better to count as

half a pair or a half when you think of the fact that our reproductive

organs can only function by meeting the other half.

 

One step is only half a move. Since we have two legs we have to take

two steps or jump in order to move form one position to the next.

One is before the cell splits in tow. It is only mobile in the process of

becoming two. One as a force is a point-which does not extend like

a line. One constantly seeks for states of zero and two.

 

TWO

 

Two is a state that is mobile by nature. Like the footstep that goes

one, two. It moves from one position to the next. Two as a force is a

line. It extends and extends and unlike one, does not have to move to

become mobile. Two is a state after splitting of the cell. Two constant-

ly seeks for the state of one and three. We find two in our bodies

quite often as a pair. Two is our heartbeat. After one and two, all the

numbers are combinations of one and two. Therefore, there are actu-

ally only three basic states of numbers in the world: one, two and

three, which is a combination of one and two.

 

THREE

 

Three is a number we cannot find in our bodies but we find it in na-

ture around us. I call it a time number because we use it to divide time

and the days. When the heart beats in three, it is when the heart is

moving faster that what is natural. The heart beats one, two, one,

two. And one number out of these repetitions of two gets abbreviat-

ed because of the speed. That is three. That means we set the time to

the number which is one beat faster than our natural heartbeat. No

wonder the culture is suffering from accelerated speed. The world will

slow down if you dispense with clocks and watches and just follow

your heartbeat.

 

The natural rhythm, when you don’t check or control consciously,

always goes slower (towards four) or faster (towards two) than a

clock. Three is very fast and very mobile. It is running rhythm as op-

posed to the walking rhythm of two, four and eight. Three as a force

is a three dimensional point-an exclamation mark. Three will always

seek for state of two or state of four. In three, two (which is a mobile

number) and one (which is an immobile number) exist together equal-

ly. Paradox makes three extremely active towards inside, but not very

active outside. While two is a travelling number, three is a whirling

number (it moves forward spirally). After three, all numbers are com-

binations of states of one, two and three.

 

FIVE

 

Five is a number that very rarely exists on earth but exists very much in

the sky (such as points of stars-but you know that even the five

points of stars actually do not exist.) Unlike one (0 & 2), TWO (4 & 8)

and three (6 & 9), five has no corresponding numbers in the series. In

this sense it is very similar to 7

 

In our bodies, it exists only on our hands and feet-as if that is the

sign from the sky in us. The parts of our bodies where 5 exist are the

only parts that have something to do with our physical connections to

things outside our bodies. Our hands reach to other things and our

feet take us to other places with the help of a travelling number 2.

5 is a connection number-and just as the fingers do not work unless

the thumb moves in an opposite direction from the rest of the fingers,

five will be immobile unless it has different or opposite elements

(one, two, and three) in it.

  

SEVEN

 

Seven is a conceptual number. Seven, like five, is a number you cannot

find in our bodies (more so than five), or in the nature around us. I call

it a conceptual number or number of music because we divide the mu-

sical scale into seven. (In time we can only see it in the division of the

week), and like five, it has no corresponding numbers.

 

NINE

 

Nine is a corresponding number of 3 and 6. Nine is superactive.

Spatially, it is the closest of the numbers to circle. As a force it has a

spirally forward movement as does three.

 

But despite all the work, music itself exists somewhere else and was

made by pure instinct (that goes for me, too J.L) and nothing else.

Flashes of imagery and emotions.

 

Yoko Ono

Fall, ‘71

St. Regis Hotel, New York

For Crawdaddy

 

it's not my hair it's my hood's fur trim

But don't say anything

A portrait of Blythe Duff in 'Ciara' which is at the Traverse Theatre during this year's Edinburgh Fringe.

 

The play is written by David Harrower and directed by Orla O'Loughlin.

 

You can find out more about the play (and buy tickets) here:

 

www.traverse.co.uk/whats-on/event-detail/220/ciara.aspx

Yes but it was actually a very surreal reality ! I’d worked for the company for six months , getting no where , struggling for money , life was truly dull and I was so lonely , then I met him , he was a very rich guy a friend of the MD , who often visited , was always very intense but took time to talk to me , strangely we became friends , a millionaire and a lonely young guy , it turns out , despite his money he’s lonely too ! So we gravitated into a friendship , he’d buy me lunch , we’d go for a drink after work , as the friendship grew so he seemed to take control , then one evening he made the most strange request “ I’m invited to a very important banquet , I hate going on my own , I’d love to have your company M but it would not be right to take a young man , but a beautiful young lady , that would give me such credence , would you be her “ he was staring so intently into my eyes , he was deadly serious too ! Some how the idea did appeal “ Nice idea but I’m a boy “ was my crass reply “But when I look at you I see a beauty that you just don’t realise you have , let show you , I’ll pay for you to go to one of these beauty weekends ladies go to , get pampered and beautified , at least give it a try “ so , yes , I agreed ! It was amazing , a total revelation , the beauticians were so kind , so enthusiastic ,”Honey you have such a pretty face , a pert ass like a girl , even your many boobs are more like a young girls breasts , we will make you so beautiful you won’t ever want to dress as a boy again . So it proved with all my body hair removed , my skin treated with lotions , several facials , they truly transformed me into a stunning young girl . Wearing silky under wear and lingerie was such a sensual delight , how the silky soft materials caressed and teased my feminised flesh , dresses and skirts just fitted so perfectly and felt amazing to wear , I was totally absorbed by feminine desires , I stayed for a whole week , learnt the right deportment and stature of a woman , how to walk , talk , yes , and act as a girl , high heels were now a must , I never left the bedroom without makeup on , I was starting to live this feminine dream . When Henry , my sponsor saw me wearing this long silk dress , his face was truly a picture , I felt a shimmer from goose bumps , butterflies in my tummy , he had desire , lust even , in his eyes as he stared at me , I truly felt like a beauty queen , wa liking into this banquet I felt I was his woman , I’d never as a boy had the self confidence I now have as a young lady , a beautiful young lady , oh the admiring glances of envy from Henry’s friends and associates , the envious looks from their female partners as the men quite literally flirted with me , yes I was naughty ,I flirted with them too , I was in heaven , Henry positively encouraged me too , he was so happy , we are such a happy couple , it still feels so surreal mincing go out table on his arm , swaying my hips , knowing those male eyes are ogling my gentle flicker of my ass cheeks beneath that tight , clinging silk dress , in wearing a thong , so they are bare , so sensitive to Henry’s touch , later on I danced with his friends , their hands caressed me so sensually , they could feel my ass cheeks were bare beneath my dress , it turned them on , ouch yes and me too “You can touch , you can feel my ass , but remember I’m Henry’s girl , for tonight “ I whisper , leaving the door wide open for future clandestine relationships , oh yes I want to live the life now I’m her !

I am posting 10 images in this upload which will be boring for some, but I like them. The reason I like these, is the artistic points I see in them. I like free flowing lines and shapes and I think these look nice, even though they represent destruction. The way the dead branches reach upwards in a crisscross disarray often set against the late afternoon cloud, appeals to me. This area is close to Finch Bay a few kilometres out of Cooktown.

 

It was in 2001/2002 in very poor rainfall seasons, that the whole extensive swamp area dried out allowing the salt water to rise towards the surface into the root zone of these splendid, large paperbark trees (swamp melaleucas) - "tea trees" to some. After that the whole area was taken over by many invasive weed species and rubbish trees. The Cook Shire is trying to repair the damage but gets no help from the State Government, but some from the Federal Govt environmental schemes.

 

I must add this poem that nearly all older Australians will know. One of the top patriotic poems of Australia:- (NOTE THE FIRST 2 LINES OF THE 3td STANZA) (For the non-Australians, the first stanza speaks about England, BUT then Dorothea in Stanza 2, takes her land Australia!

  

My Country

 

by Dorothea Mackellar (1885 - 1968) (Written 1907)

   

The love of field and coppice,

Of green and shaded lanes.

Of ordered woods and gardens

Is running in your veins,

Strong love of grey-blue distance

Brown streams and soft dim skies

I know but cannot share it,

My love is otherwise.

 

I love a sunburnt country,

A land of sweeping plains,

Of ragged mountain ranges,

Of droughts and flooding rains.

I love her far horizons,

I love her jewel-sea,

Her beauty and her terror -

The wide brown land for me!

 

A stark white ring-barked forest

All tragic to the moon,

The sapphire-misted mountains,

The hot gold hush of noon.

Green tangle of the brushes,

Where lithe lianas coil,

And orchids deck the tree-tops

And ferns the warm dark soil.

 

Core of my heart, my country!

Her pitiless blue sky,

When sick at heart, around us,

We see the cattle die-

But then the grey clouds gather,

And we can bless again

The drumming of an army,

The steady, soaking rain.

 

Core of my heart, my country!

Land of the Rainbow Gold,

For flood and fire and famine,

She pays us back threefold-

Over the thirsty paddocks,

Watch, after many days,

The filmy veil of greenness

That thickens as we gaze.

 

An opal-hearted country,

A wilful, lavish land-

All you who have not loved her,

You will not understand-

Though earth holds many splendours,

Wherever I may die,

I know to what brown country

My homing thoughts will fly.

 

Dorothea Mackellar

   

But not gone yet. Former MARC commuter locos get a good look at their future far from prying eyes at Columbia, PA.

But In Shaftesbury Avenue..Opened In 1931 As The Saville Theatre,The In The Mid Sixties It Was A Live Music Venue The Likes Of The Who,Jimi Hendrix,Elton John And The Bee Gees All Played There..Then In 1970 It Was Converted Into A Cinema....It Closed Today 11/08/24...And Is Due To Turned Into A Live Performance Venue With Dining And A Boutique Hotel...The Last Film Shown Was....It Ends With Us...

But a bit old hat.

My camerawork isn't exactly going to win any awards here, but what can I say? I was expecting the police again at first, but I suppose it's a happy surprise on the BloodFast front. The new BF01! That's all the Hyundais gone, then... spotting these on blue light runs appears to be a rather rare thing, and 'urgent blood' and 'blue lights' can only mean one thing - someone's in desperate need of a blood transfusion, so it's time for a modern-day run of the 'Liver Run'. I suppose these new BMWs will have much more poke in them to pull off the quick response necessitated for this sort of call in good time. You can't really argue about what car looks interesting when someone's life is at stake.

 

Honestly, please forgive my utter terrible camerawork, I'll remember for next time - seen here heading into Castle Hill Hospital to likely pick up a blood pack before flooring it out again is BloodFast Urgent Blood's BF01, a 2020 BMW 530d new as a police demonstrator.

Not that I didn't already know it was coming, but I found out today that my mother will likely pass in the next day or so. She has been in a light coma since Friday and I will not be able to tell her one last time that I love her.

 

It doesn't help that she's in California and I'm in Tennessee AND that we have had a strained relationship for as long as I can remember. In short...We haven't spoken for years and there was never a satisfying solution to either end.

 

Now, it appears to be too late. I'm sad that I have never had nor will I ever, the relationship that a daughter should have with her mother.

I love this time of year. We had 9 of these lovely things, but someone hit one and it died several years ago.

Original Caption: Farrell family. They had discontinued the brush making, but sent to a neighbor for materials and posed for me, just as they had been doing it. The little 5 year old on the right is very deft. Her eyes seemed to be troubling her. The father complained of the little money there was in the work. New York City, February 1912

 

U.S. National Archives’ Local Identifier: 102-LH-2827

 

Photographer: Hine, Lewis

  

Subjects:

Child Labor

National Child Labor Committee

Working Conditions

Factory

  

Persistent URL: research.archives.gov/description/523518

 

Repository: Still Picture Records Section, Special Media Archives Services Division (NWCS-S), National Archives at College Park, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001.

 

For information about ordering reproductions of photographs held by the Still Picture Unit, visit: www.archives.gov/research/order/still-pictures.html

 

Reproductions may be ordered via an independent vendor. NARA maintains a list of vendors at www.archives.gov/research/order/vendors-photos-maps-dc.html

 

Access Restrictions: Unrestricted

Use Restrictions: Unrestricted