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The House Armed Services Committee is due to debate next week the annual National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), which authorizes the level of defense spending and sets policies controlling how the funding is...

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Site of Galactic Cluster Formation 12.7 Billion Years Ago / 127億年前の銀河団形成の現場 by PR NAOJ

This is a picture of a protocluster of galaxies discovered in the Universe of 12.7 billion years ago. Each of the red objects surrounded by a white circle is a galaxy which existed in space 12.7 billion years ago. The galaxies are crowded together in a small region. This shows that even in the early stages of the Universe, when it had not yet reached 1 billion years of age, the clustering of galaxies had already started. We are likely witnessing a very early stage of cluster formation.

Even though protoclusters are extremely rare celestial objects, this one was discovered through wide-field-of-view observations, which are the specialty of the Subaru Telescope. We expect even more discoveries with a new instrument, Hyper Suprime-Cam. It is thought that through observations of protoclusters we will find important clues to understanding galactic evolution and the formation of the structure of the Universe.

Text by: Jun Toshikawa (Subaru Telescope, NAOJ)

Translation by: Ramsey Lundock (NAOJ)

127億年前の宇宙において発見された原始銀河団の写真です。白丸で囲まれた赤い天体は一つ一つが127億年前の宇宙に存在する銀河で、狭い領域に銀河が密集しています。宇宙年齢がまだ10億年にも届かないような初期宇宙において、既に銀河の集団化が始まっていることを示しており、銀河団形成の非常に初期の段階を目撃しているのかもしれません。

原始銀河団は非常にまれな天体であるにも関わらず、広視野観測というすばる望遠鏡の特長により発見することができました。新観測装置・超広視野主焦点カメラHyper Suprime-Cam（ハイパー・シュプリーム・カム）によりさらなる発見が期待されています。原始銀河団の観測を通して、宇宙の構造形成や銀河進化の解明に重要な手がかりが得られると考えられます。

文：利川潤（国立天文台ハワイ観測所）

Region: Subaru Deep Field (in the constellation Coma Berenices)

Telescope: Subaru Telescope

Instrument: Suprime-Cam

Wavelengths: R band (650 nm), i band (770 nm), z band (900 nm); 3 color false-color composite: blue (R), green (i), red (z)

Exposure: 27 hours (R band), 28 hours (i band), 31 hours (z band)

Date: From 2001 to 2008

Credit: NAOJ

First out: July 19, 2016

天域：すばる深宇宙探査領域（かみのけ座）

望遠鏡：すばる望遠鏡

観測装置：Suprime-Cam