View allAll Photos Tagged Absorption
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A Fomapan Action 400 black-and-white film to test the effect a the special Foca filter "Dyma" produced in France in the 50's.
The filter is called "Dyma" due to the presence of neodymium in the glass giving an unusual absorption by bands in the visible spectrum. In particulier blue and yellow color ans more absorbed than the rest of the spectrum. The filter existed in two different versions with the coefficient x2.5 or 3.5. Here the 42mm push-on Foca Dyma filter used is a x 3.5.
As a consequence, I exposed the Foma 400 for 80 ISO using a Minolta Autometer III with a 10° finder for selective measurements privileging the shadow areas. I used my FOCA camera PF2B year 1956 and its normal Oplar lens1:2.8 f=5cm equipped for all the views with the Dyma filter and a Genaco metal shade hood.
Typical settings during the session : 1/100s f/8 to f/11.
Rue des Fantasques, May 29, 2023
69001 Lyon
France
After exposure, the film was processed using Adox Adonal (Agfa Rodinal) developer at dilution 1+25, 20°C for 6 min.
The film was then digitalized using a Sony A7 body adapted to a Minolta Auto Bellows III and a Minolta Slide Duplicator using a lens Minolta Bellow Macro Rokkor 50mm f/3.5 at a reproduction ratio of 1:1. The reproduced RAW files obtained were processed in LR prior the the final JPEG editions.
All views of the film are presented in the dedicated album either in the printed framed versions and unframed full-size jpeg.
About the camera and the lens:
The Foca type PF2B (PF for "Petit Format") was constructed in France by the company "Optique & Precision de Levallois" (OPL) starting from 1947. It was manufactured in the Chateaudun OPL factory, route de Jallans, France, in 1956 among a late series of the PF2B. The factory, constructed in 1938, is still at the same place under the name of SAFRAN now producing precision devices for aerospace appliances.
The camera is equipped with the collapsible OPLAR lens (a Tessar formula) 1:2.8 f=5cm. The focal shutter of the PF2B has timing of 1/1000, 1/500, 1/200, 1/100, 1/50 and 1/25s plus the B pose. A slow exposure device below 1/25s could be installed by the aftermarket service and was installed basically for the FOCA PF3 and Foca Universel.
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
#absorption, #sorption, #sign, #prohdr, #instagram, #photo, #iphoneology, #iphone4edition, #ig, #igsweden, #ornskoldsvik, #iphone, #iphone4only, #photooftheday, #iphone4white, #iphoneography, #iphonephotooftheday, #igers, #iphone4, #sweden, #igdaily, #webstagram, #igornskoldsvik
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Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
For the test film of the Jupiter-9 lens I mounted it on the Leningrad camera (see below for detail about the lens and the camera). The lens was fitted with a generic yellow filter (screw-on 49mm) and a generic cylindrical metal shade hood designed for a 50mm lens. By safety, a lens cap fitted on the hood (55mm) was also used to protect the shutter curtains from an accidental sun burning (I forgot twice to remove the cap before shooting...)
I loaded the Leningrad with a Rollei RPX 400 film exposed for 250 ISO to compensate the absorption of the yellow filter. The light metering was done using a Minolta Autometer III with the 10° viewer for selective metering privileging the shadows areas.
The viewer of the Leningrad has build-in frame for the 85mm and is fully compensated for the parallax error.
View Nr. : 1/--s f/-- focusing @ -- m
February 17, 2025
69003 Lyon
France
After completion, the film was rewound and processed using 350 mL of Adox Adonal (Agfa Rodinal) developer prepared at the dilution 1+25 for 12min15 at 20°C.
Digitizing was made using a Sony A7 camera (ILCE-7, 24MP) fitted to a Minolta Auto Bellows III with the Minolta slide duplication accessory and Minolta Macro Bellow lens 1:3.5 f=50mm. The diffuse light source was a LED panel CineStill Cine-lite.
The RAW files obtained were inverted within the latest version available of Adobe Lightroom Classic (version 14.2) and edited to the final jpeg pictures without intermediate file. They are presented either as printer files with a frame or the full size JPEG's together with some documentary smartphone color pictures.
About the camera :
After several months, my local repair shop gave up to repair my first exemplary of Leningrad camera. I got that GOMZ Leningrad for less than the price of the lens (50€) a year ago (February 24, 2024, flic.kr/s/aHBqjBftyP) at the monthly collector meeting in Saint-Bonnet-de-Mure, near Lyon, France. I looked then again for a working one.
Leningrad’s are fascinating Russian range-finder 35mm camera’s produced in Leningrad (USSR) / Saint-Petersburg, from 1956 to 1968 at about 76.000 units. It is not really a rare camera but appears only from time-to-time in the classical collector’s networks.
The Leningrad camera project was developed by GOMZ company (ГОМЗ, Государственный оптико-механический завод, Ленинград = Gosularstvennyi Optiko-Mekhanicheskii Zavod =State Optical-Mechanical Factory), Leningrad, USSR. The Leningrad ’s were constructed to a very high degree of precision and likely the most advanced rangefinder ever made at that time in Russia. At the 1958 World Exposition in Brussels, the Leningrad was awarded the "Grand Prix de Bruxelles”. Modified Leningrads were also used in the Soviet space program. In addition to a complex parallax-compensated multi-focal (for 3.5, 5, 8.5 and 13.5cm) collimated system, the camera has a built-in spring-powered mechanical motor for an automated film advance after each view taken. The Leningrad mounts the 39mm Leica-type thread lenses, especially of the Jupiter series of lens derived of classical Carl Zeiss lenses designed for the Contax (Biogon 3.5cm and Sonnar’s 5, 8.5 and 13.5cm).
In 1965, GOMZ became LOMO ( ЛОМО, Ленинградское oптико-механическое oбъединение (Leningradskoïe Optiko-Mekhanitcheskoïe Obiedinienie) that is still existing, producing instrumental optical devices (www.lomo.ru).
On eBay, I focused on a LOMO Leningrad year 1965 in working condition but without the original film plate. I got the camera for 130€ including the leather bag and a standard lens Jupiter-8 1:2 f=5cm. The seller adapted cleanly a different film plate that looked to work, but my idea was to use the camera back of my faulty Leningrad. This film plate may a precision glass plate special designed for optimum film transport and optical planarity. I received my new Leningrad on January 31, 2025 in good condition.
After a very careful inspection and a detailled cleaning, I decided to make a test film using a FOMAPAN 200 black-and-white film. On the Leningrad it is said that there is absolutely no way to check the correct film advance during the shooting session. The rewind should not be up since the mechanical forces induced would be too high for the spring-powered spooling barrel. The film should be also in a quality not too tight film cartridge and should be checked before use. This stressful machine should be manipulated with maximum care when not familiar with it.
About the lens Jupiter-9:
New in my collection in Feb. 2025, this very popular lens Jupiter-9 1:2.8 f=85mm for my Zorki’s and Leningrad camera’s. The lens was produced in 1978 by the LZOS company (Лыткаринский завод Оптического Стекла , Lytkarino Zavod Optychisovo Sticklo) located in Lytkarino (about 100 km Noth to Moscow).
I sourced a clean exemplary in Germany at regular price given the popularity of the Jupiter-9 (170€) with the Leica 39mm thread mount, front and rear caps plus the lens black storage canister. The lens is popular especially among videographers due to its peculiar bokeh and perfectly round shaped diaphragm made of 15 blades.
Originally, the Jupiter 9 is based on the design of the Carl Zeiss Sonnar designed for the Zeiss Ikon Contax in the years 1930’s. Production began in USSR in 1948, when the lens was initially called the ЗК-85 (Sonnar Kransogorsk) and it was assembled using mostly German parts in Contax/Kiev mount. The lens was also adapted to Zorki (M39) mount to fit the Zorki cameras early in production It appears, for both Zorki and Kiev mount, in a 1949 catalogue. By 1951 the name changes to Jupiter 9 (Юпитер-9). The lens has seven glass elements in three groups; a single glass at the front, and two cemented groups of three. All versions of the lens are coated. It was made by the KMZ (Красногорский механический завод, Krasnogorski Mekhanicheskii Zavod) and LZOS factories, in Leica 39 mm thread mount for Fed and Zorki rangefinders, but originally it was a Contax bayonet used in Kiev cameras. Jupiter-9 lenses were also made at the Arsenal factory in Ukraine, for Kiev rangefinders,but initially released as KMZ. It was later adapted for M42-mount Zenit SLR cameras, with an M24×1 thread mount.
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Sonata Class A rated Acoustic panels are used within a wide variety of buildings to reduce reverberation and give a suitable acoustic environment.
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
Nike Air Force 1 High Dream Team, Size 5.5Y, White, Black, 653998-102, UPC 00885176668243, 2016, Women’s size 7, Kids High Top Basketball sneaker, "Dream Team" mini-collection, USA 1992 basketball Team, perforated white leather upper, rubber outsole, White midsole, Nike branding on the tongue, Nike Swoosh Branding on the sides, basketball logo at the heel counter, Ankle strap, Polyester tongue, Nike Air branding, Midsole Air-sole for impact absorption, basketball and five stars at the heel, 1992 scripted along the insole,
Nike Air Force 1 High, GS, Size 6Y, Deep Royal Blue, Suede Sail 653998-400, UPC 00888409541481, 2015, Women’s size 7.5, Big Kids High Top shoe, Deep Royal Blue Suede upper, sail Out Sole, Perforated detailing on the toe box, Perforations for breathability, Sail midsole, Nike branding on the tongue, heel, and outsole, Nike Swoosh Branding on the sides, Ankle strap for security, Polyester tongue, Nike Air branding, Midsole Air-sole for impact absorption, Nike Air branding on the heel, Rubber outsole for increased traction, originally released in 1982, named after the aircraft that carries the President of the United States,
Nike Air Force 1 High, GS, Size 6Y, Deep Royal Blue, Suede Sail 653998-400, UPC 00888409541481, 2015, Women’s size 7.5, Big Kids High Top shoe, Deep Royal Blue Suede upper, sail Out Sole, Perforated detailing on the toe box, Perforations for breathability, Sail midsole, Nike branding on the tongue, heel, and outsole, Nike Swoosh Branding on the sides, Ankle strap for security, Polyester tongue, Nike Air branding, Midsole Air-sole for impact absorption, Nike Air branding on the heel, Rubber outsole for increased traction, originally released in 1982, named after the aircraft that carries the President of the United States,
Hemp insole are characterized by its preeminent moisture absorption and ventilation, anti-bacterium, anti-sepsisa
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
The Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy instrument hangs under the wing of a research aircraft. Relying on measurements from the instrument, CIRES Fellow Rainer Volkamer and international colleagues report that halogens, natural chemicals from the ocean, can contribute to much more vigorous atmospheric chemistry than previously understood. The discovery may help explain levels of mercury contamination in the air, on land and in the oceans, and some climate mysteries as well. More: cires.colorado.edu/news/press/halogenchem
Credit: David Oonk/CIRES
For the test film of the Jupiter-9 lens I mounted it on the Leningrad camera (see below for detail about the lens and the camera). The lens was fitted with a generic yellow filter (screw-on 49mm) and a generic cylindrical metal shade hood designed for a 50mm lens. By safety, a lens cap fitted on the hood (55mm) was also used to protect the shutter curtains from an accidental sun burning (I forgot twice to remove the cap before shooting...)
I loaded the Leningrad with a Rollei RPX 400 film exposed for 250 ISO to compensate the absorption of the yellow filter. The light metering was done using a Minolta Autometer III with the 10° viewer for selective metering privileging the shadows areas.
The viewer of the Leningrad has build-in frame for the 85mm and is fully compensated for the parallax error.
View Nr. : 1/--s f/-- focusing @ -- m
February 17, 2025
69003 Lyon
France
After completion, the film was rewound and processed using 350 mL of Adox Adonal (Agfa Rodinal) developer prepared at the dilution 1+25 for 12min15 at 20°C.
Digitizing was made using a Sony A7 camera (ILCE-7, 24MP) fitted to a Minolta Auto Bellows III with the Minolta slide duplication accessory and Minolta Macro Bellow lens 1:3.5 f=50mm. The diffuse light source was a LED panel CineStill Cine-lite.
The RAW files obtained were inverted within the latest version available of Adobe Lightroom Classic (version 14.2) and edited to the final jpeg pictures without intermediate file. They are presented either as printer files with a frame or the full size JPEG's together with some documentary smartphone color pictures.
About the camera :
After several months, my local repair shop gave up to repair my first exemplary of Leningrad camera. I got that GOMZ Leningrad for less than the price of the lens (50€) a year ago (February 24, 2024, flic.kr/s/aHBqjBftyP) at the monthly collector meeting in Saint-Bonnet-de-Mure, near Lyon, France. I looked then again for a working one.
Leningrad’s are fascinating Russian range-finder 35mm camera’s produced in Leningrad (USSR) / Saint-Petersburg, from 1956 to 1968 at about 76.000 units. It is not really a rare camera but appears only from time-to-time in the classical collector’s networks.
The Leningrad camera project was developed by GOMZ company (ГОМЗ, Государственный оптико-механический завод, Ленинград = Gosularstvennyi Optiko-Mekhanicheskii Zavod =State Optical-Mechanical Factory), Leningrad, USSR. The Leningrad ’s were constructed to a very high degree of precision and likely the most advanced rangefinder ever made at that time in Russia. At the 1958 World Exposition in Brussels, the Leningrad was awarded the "Grand Prix de Bruxelles”. Modified Leningrads were also used in the Soviet space program. In addition to a complex parallax-compensated multi-focal (for 3.5, 5, 8.5 and 13.5cm) collimated system, the camera has a built-in spring-powered mechanical motor for an automated film advance after each view taken. The Leningrad mounts the 39mm Leica-type thread lenses, especially of the Jupiter series of lens derived of classical Carl Zeiss lenses designed for the Contax (Biogon 3.5cm and Sonnar’s 5, 8.5 and 13.5cm).
In 1965, GOMZ became LOMO ( ЛОМО, Ленинградское oптико-механическое oбъединение (Leningradskoïe Optiko-Mekhanitcheskoïe Obiedinienie) that is still existing, producing instrumental optical devices (www.lomo.ru).
On eBay, I focused on a LOMO Leningrad year 1965 in working condition but without the original film plate. I got the camera for 130€ including the leather bag and a standard lens Jupiter-8 1:2 f=5cm. The seller adapted cleanly a different film plate that looked to work, but my idea was to use the camera back of my faulty Leningrad. This film plate may a precision glass plate special designed for optimum film transport and optical planarity. I received my new Leningrad on January 31, 2025 in good condition.
After a very careful inspection and a detailled cleaning, I decided to make a test film using a FOMAPAN 200 black-and-white film. On the Leningrad it is said that there is absolutely no way to check the correct film advance during the shooting session. The rewind should not be up since the mechanical forces induced would be too high for the spring-powered spooling barrel. The film should be also in a quality not too tight film cartridge and should be checked before use. This stressful machine should be manipulated with maximum care when not familiar with it.
About the lens Jupiter-9:
New in my collection in Feb. 2025, this very popular lens Jupiter-9 1:2.8 f=85mm for my Zorki’s and Leningrad camera’s. The lens was produced in 1978 by the LZOS company (Лыткаринский завод Оптического Стекла , Lytkarino Zavod Optychisovo Sticklo) located in Lytkarino (about 100 km Noth to Moscow).
I sourced a clean exemplary in Germany at regular price given the popularity of the Jupiter-9 (170€) with the Leica 39mm thread mount, front and rear caps plus the lens black storage canister. The lens is popular especially among videographers due to its peculiar bokeh and perfectly round shaped diaphragm made of 15 blades.
Originally, the Jupiter 9 is based on the design of the Carl Zeiss Sonnar designed for the Zeiss Ikon Contax in the years 1930’s. Production began in USSR in 1948, when the lens was initially called the ЗК-85 (Sonnar Kransogorsk) and it was assembled using mostly German parts in Contax/Kiev mount. The lens was also adapted to Zorki (M39) mount to fit the Zorki cameras early in production It appears, for both Zorki and Kiev mount, in a 1949 catalogue. By 1951 the name changes to Jupiter 9 (Юпитер-9). The lens has seven glass elements in three groups; a single glass at the front, and two cemented groups of three. All versions of the lens are coated. It was made by the KMZ (Красногорский механический завод, Krasnogorski Mekhanicheskii Zavod) and LZOS factories, in Leica 39 mm thread mount for Fed and Zorki rangefinders, but originally it was a Contax bayonet used in Kiev cameras. Jupiter-9 lenses were also made at the Arsenal factory in Ukraine, for Kiev rangefinders,but initially released as KMZ. It was later adapted for M42-mount Zenit SLR cameras, with an M24×1 thread mount.
Timberland 6” Premium Waterproof Boots, 6 Inch, Men’s Size 10, Tan, Natural Horween, A1JJB, TB0A1JJB, UPC 190852615801, EAN 0190852615801, Premium waterproof Horween Latigo leather uppers, Seam-sealed waterproof construction, Direct-attach construction for durability, Leather lining for comfort and durability, Rustproof hardware, anti-fatigue technology, 200 grams of PrimaLoft® insulation, Padded collar for a comfortable fit around the ankle, Anti-fatigue midsole and removable footbed for all-day comfort, lightweight cushioning and shock absorption, Rubber lug outsole is made with 10% plant-based materials,
This was a chart on the Atlantis Submarine in Maui, HI. You lose perception of color when your at certain depths underwater. Red is the first color to go at the suface.
A representative soil profile of Riverby gravelly sandy loam, frequently flooded. Riverby soils are high in content of gravel and sand. This causes droughtiness and limits the absorption of nutrients and pesticides. (Soil Survey of Hickman County, Tennessee; by Douglas F. Clendenon, Natural Resources Conservation Service)
The Riverby series consists of deep, excessively drained soils on flood plains. They formed in coarse textured alluvium in watersheds dominated by soils that formed in residuum from cherty limestone, siltstone, shale and gravelly marine sediments. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent. The mean annual temperature is about 61 degrees F and the mean annual precipitation is about 55 inches.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, semiactive, nonacid, thermic Typic Udifluvents
Depth to bedrock is greater than 5 feet. Gravel content ranges from 10 to 60 percent in the A horizon and from 35 to 95 percent by volume in the C horizon. The content of cobbles ranges from 5 to 50 percent in parts of the C horizon. In some pedons the cobble content increases with depth. In some pedons there are thin layers of sandy material with no rock fragments. The reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
USE AND VEGETATION: Areas of this soil are used mainly for woodland and pasture. A few small areas are used as cropland. Native vegetation is woodland consisting of sycamore, sweetgum, hackberry, maple, walnut, poplar, and ironwood.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Highland Rim of Tennessee. The series is of small extent. This series was formerly mapped as riverwash.
For additional information about the survey area, visit:
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/tennessee/TN08...
For a detailed soil description, visit:
soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/R/RIVERBY.html
For acreage and geographic distribution, visit:
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
This detailed view of Saturn's southern hemisphere shows clouds, storms
and waves in the planet's many latitudinal bands.
The image was taken through a filter where methane gas has strong
absorption. The cloud particles scatter light back toward the camera, but
methane gas absorbs it, so only high clouds are visible in this image.
Differences in cloud height are not resolvable; the impression of parallel
ridges and troughs is an optical illusion brought about by the alternating
light and dark bands.
Saturn's rings were overexposed in this long duration exposure and appear
quite bright.
The image was taken with the Cassini spacecraft narrow angle camera on
Sept. 12, 2004, at a distance of 8.7 million kilometers (5.4 million
miles) from Saturn through a filter sensitive to wavelengths of infrared
light centered at 889 nanometers. The image scale is 103 kilometers (64
miles) per pixel.
The Cassini-Huygens mission is a cooperative project of NASA, the
European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in
Pasadena, manages the Cassini-Huygens mission for NASA's Office of Space
Science, Washington, D.C. The Cassini orbiter and its two onboard cameras,
were designed, developed and assembled at JPL. The imaging team is based
at the Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colo.
For more information, about the Cassini-Huygens mission visit,
saturn.jpl.nasa.gov/ and the Cassini imaging team home page,
credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute
Nike Air Force 1 High Dream Team, Size 5.5Y, White, Black, 653998-102, UPC 00885176668243, 2016, Women’s size 7, Kids High Top Basketball sneaker, "Dream Team" mini-collection, USA 1992 basketball Team, perforated white leather upper, rubber outsole, White midsole, Nike branding on the tongue, Nike Swoosh Branding on the sides, basketball logo at the heel counter, Ankle strap, Polyester tongue, Nike Air branding, Midsole Air-sole for impact absorption, basketball and five stars at the heel, 1992 scripted along the insole,
Nike Air Force 1 High, GS, Size 6Y, Deep Royal Blue, Suede Sail 653998-400, UPC 00888409541481, 2015, Women’s size 7.5, Big Kids High Top shoe, Deep Royal Blue Suede upper, sail Out Sole, Perforated detailing on the toe box, Perforations for breathability, Sail midsole, Nike branding on the tongue, heel, and outsole, Nike Swoosh Branding on the sides, Ankle strap for security, Polyester tongue, Nike Air branding, Midsole Air-sole for impact absorption, Nike Air branding on the heel, Rubber outsole for increased traction, originally released in 1982, named after the aircraft that carries the President of the United States,
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
Timberland 6" Premium Waterproof Boots, Junior Size 7, Light Pink, A62EQ, UPC: 196246577885, TBOA1OPB, Premium waterproof Nubuck Leather uppers, Seam-sealed waterproof construction, Direct-attach construction for durability, Rustproof hardware, anti-fatigue technology, 200 grams of PrimaLoft® insulation, Padded collar for a comfortable fit around the ankle, Anti-fatigue midsole and removable footbed for all-day comfort, lightweight cushioning and shock absorption, Durable, translucent TPU (thermoplastic urethane) lug outsole, reddealsonline, sneaker collection
Timberland Pro Endurance 6" Steel Toe, Menâs Size 8.5, Puncture Resistant Work Boots, A5601, TB047592, UPC 884447705144, EAN 0884447705144, Premium full-grain leather, Asymmetrical steel safety toe, Electrical hazard protection, Heat oil and slip-resistant rubber outsole, Steel shank for structural support, Metallic puncture-resistant plate, Anti-Fatigue Technology polyurethane footbed for shock absorption and energy return, Timberland PRO rubber double toe and rubber backstay, Dual-purpose top hardware for lacing customization, Breathable and moisture-wicking lining with antimicrobial treatment for odor control, Cement construction for flexibility, red deals online,
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.
Sonata double Class A Desk Dividers installed within YOPA's UK contact centre in Tamworth to reduce noise and reverberation during use
Color of Life note
Biofluorescence results from the absorption of electromagnetic radiation at one wavelength by an organism, followed by its reemission at a longer and lower energy wavelength, visually resulting in green, orange, and red emission coloration. Many species of mantis shrimp, for example, make use of fluorescent body parts when in threat display in order to intimidate or confuse either a predator or a competing male.
Ref: Color sources, California Academy of Sciences Docent program May 2015
PLOS one Biofluorescence journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone...
TAXONOMY
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum:Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Stomatopoda
Family: Odontodactylidae
Genus/species: Odontodactylus scyllarus
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS: Beautifully colored in peacock colors of greens, blues, and reds. Has a green body, blue head, green antennal scales, red limbs. The body is elongated with a long, flattened , blue tail and ranges in size from 3–18 cm (1.2-7.0 in). Highly noticeable is the pair of clubbed-shaped, praying mantis-like claws.
DISTRIBUTION/HABITATS: Indo-Pacific Habitat: warm salt water and builds U-shaped burrows in gravel substrates. Depth ranges from 3-40 m (10-131 ft).
DIET IN THE WILD: Feeds on other shrimp, worms, snails, crabs, mollusks. Lies in wait for prey in front of burrow, then swims out and quickly crushes prey with a strong, powerful smash. The claw moves so quickly it generates cavitation bubbles, which explode with a second powerful burst. The speed with which the claw moves through the watergenerates a force 100 times the shrimp’s body weight.
REPRODUCTION: Monogamous. O. scyllarus mate, spawn, brood, and hatch their eggs in their burrows.
LONGEVITY: Often live in pairs for their entire lifetime (4-6 years).
PREDATORS: Yellow Fin tuna
CONSERVATION: IUCN Not Evaluated
REMARKS: Large peacock mantis shrimp generate forces powerful enough to crush the shell of a large conch, and have been known in captivity to break the glass of their tanks! Striking speed of 50+ mph.
The amazingly complex eyes of mantis shrimp detect 12 base colors (compared to our 3). They also can discern ultraviolet, infrared frequencies, and the polarization of light!
Location: Water Planet Sensing AQJ16
References
California Academy of Sciences Steinhart Aquarium Water Planet, Senses Cluster (Sight) 2016
Animal Diversity Web animaldiversity.org/accounts/Odontodactylus_scyllarus/
Ron's Wordpress shortlink wp.me/p1DZ4b-We
Ron's flickr www.flickr.com/photos/cas_docents/sets/72157608602469734/
9-8-11, 4-22-13, 8-17-15, 2016
Timberland 6” Premium Waterproof Boots, 6 Inch, Men’s Size 10, Tan, Natural Horween, A1JJB, TB0A1JJB, UPC 190852615801, EAN 0190852615801, Premium waterproof Horween Latigo leather uppers, Seam-sealed waterproof construction, Direct-attach construction for durability, Leather lining for comfort and durability, Rustproof hardware, anti-fatigue technology, 200 grams of PrimaLoft® insulation, Padded collar for a comfortable fit around the ankle, Anti-fatigue midsole and removable footbed for all-day comfort, lightweight cushioning and shock absorption, Rubber lug outsole is made with 10% plant-based materials,
Following successful treatment of the main hall, Sonata Aurio panels were installed within the Cross Church in Hexthorpe
Nike, Air Force 1 High Lv8 GS Wheat, Size 7Y, Wheat, Gum Light Brown, 807617-701, UPC 00666003268573, 2018, Women’s size 8.5, Big Kids High Top shoe, Suede upper, Gum Out Sole, Perforated detailing on toe box, Perforations for breathability, cored-out gum midsole, dark green Nike branding on the tongue, heel, and outsole, Nike Swoosh on the sides, Ankle strap for security, Polyester tongue, Nike Air branding, Midsole Air-sole for impact absorption, Nike Air branding on the heel, Rubber outsole for increased traction, originally released in 1982, named after the aircraft that carries the President of the United
Sonata Vario and Memo Class A sound absorption panels used within the hall at Robin Hood Primary School to reduce reverberation and noise during use
Wetlands are biodiversity rich sensitive ecosystems that harbor hundreds of plants, insects, birds and other animals uniquely adapted to their wetland mode of life.They are crucial to maintain the regional water balance through ground water recharge and absorption of flood waters and also serve as the rice bowl of developing countries. Nevertheless, wetlands play immense role in the socio-economic and livelihood aspects of local communities living around the wetland. In India, rural communities depend wetland for livelihood through farming, mat making etc; for food through fishing and hunting; for roof thatching by collection of reeds and palm leaf ; for firewood; for fodder etc. However, these wetlands are now under a threat of conversion for big industrial and real estate projects, change in lifestyle of local community, over extraction of resources by increased population, pollution,waste dumping, eutrophication and pesticide farming. There are three important wetlands in the Puducherry region namely Oussudu, Bahour and Kaliveli that provide important resources for local communities and also are a home to tens of thousands of migratory birds that visit the Puducherry region in winter. These wetlands have been acknowledged as Important Bird Areas(IBAs) by IBCN, since many of these birds are represented in more than 1% of their global population.
The recent threat on wetlands of Puducherry is more due to the change in life style of local community living around these wetlands. The younger generation is not much dependent on wetland resources, The younger and modern generation has lost the compassion and bonding to the wetland which their forefathers maintained through sustainable livelihood practices. This has resulted in a change in attitude and perception of the community towards unsustainable farming and resource extraction, game hunting, intensive fishing and reclamation, ultimately resulting in shrinking of wetland area and loss of biodiversity at an alarming pace. Local community is leaving the traditional farming practices for more fertilizer and pesticide based farming; fish stock is depleted using invasive Gill nets. Since Puducherry is fast developing region with rapidly growing commercial tourism and industrial establishments, these wetlands are under the threat of reclamation for resort construction and other commercial establishments. Poaching for a sport as well as open selling of birds including the threatened species is common. School drop-out are noticed to get attracted to such practices to make easy money as well as hunting for a sport with peers. With time, they may grow into expert hunters who will depend on poaching as the main source of income for the family. There are many wetland awareness programs organized by Forest Department as well as NGOs targeting school kids and educated community through workshops. School drop-outs are often not specially targeted by any of such programs and often not brought under the ambit of such programs. This gap needs to be addressed for local conservation efforts to be fully effective. We have chosen birds as the umbrella species whose conservation will in turn protect the lake and biodiversity as a whole. Birds are attractive and beautiful; ,which may easily get compassion from drop-out kids if guided appropriately. With proper efforts, the poachers can be turned to protectors and expert tour guides to facilitate ecotourism.