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Aunque la mayoría de los glaciares del mundo están menguando desde principios del siglo XVIII, cuando finalizó el período de frío conocido como la pequeña edad de hielo, (Vuille et al., 2018; Zemp et al., 2015), el rápido retroceso experimentado por los glaciares andinos en los últimos tiempos ha estado vinculado al cambio climático antropógeno (Marzeion et al., 2014). Los glaciares son indicadores sensibles del cambio climático ya que responden con rapidez a los cambios de temperatura y precipitaciones. El rápido retroceso de los glaciares tropicales se considera uno de los indicadores más visibles del calentamiento de la Tierra (Vuille et al., 2008). El grado de retroceso del glaciar varía, pero los glaciares pequeños son los más vulnerables y muchos de los glaciares andinos ya han desaparecido.
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This photo has been graciously provided to be used in the GRID-Arendal resources library by: Riccardo Pravettoni
The Andes consist of a vast series of extremely high plateaus surmounted by even higher peaks that form an unbroken rampart over a distance of some 5,500 miles (8,900 kilometres)—from the southern tip of South America to the continent’s northernmost coast on the Caribbean.
*Photo taken over the Andes Mountain in Chile
Múltiples estudios han indicado un calentamiento importante y el consiguiente deshielo de glaciares en los últimos decenios. También existen cada vez más pruebas de la amplificación por altitud (es decir, a más elevación, más velocidad de calentamiento), por lo que las regiones montañosas altas experimentan cambios de temperatura más rápidos de lo normal (Pepin et al., 2015; Urrutia and Vuille, 2009). La temperatura media anual de los países de los Andes septentrionales (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador y el Perú) creció en 0,8 ºC aproximadamente durante el siglo XX (Marengo et al., 2011).
For any form of publication, please include the link to this page: www.grida.no/publications/407
This photo has been graciously provided to be used in the GRID-Arendal resources library by: Riccardo Pravettoni
My flight from Buenos Aires, Argentina to Santiago de Chile in October 2005 over the snowcapped Andes mountains.
It was fun to do this. But it is hard to breathe at Lake Wara Wara because it is at an altitude of 4 kilometers above sea level. The higher one climbes, the more difficult it is to breathe. It also gets much colder and there is less vegetation. It is also more windy, and eventually [the hiker] will reach a high plataeu, where there are many lakes. In this place due to its altitude [the hiker] should walk slowly and drink plenty, and rest frequently.
It is also a place where a coat or sweater should be taken, but [the hiker] will probably want to remove it, the reason being is that the body generates more heat when under the stress of altitude, especially if [the hiker] is a smoker. The urge to remove the coat or sweater should be resisted firmly, the reason being is that the sheer chill of the wind against your skin going unnoticed may cause immobility of the hands, numbness and inflammation that can persist for hours after leaving the place.
It is true that the forest smells like eucalyptus and pine. The reason being, is that it is filled with eucalyptus and pine trees which both have a particularly distinct smell. Anyone who has grown up in an environment where such aromas dominate the nasal sensory input will never forget the smell and every time it is experienced will bring back a lifetime of memories.
There are also many flowers in the forest of eucalyptus and pine. It is true that I once composed a piece of music about the forest. This is it here>>>>>>> www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqGTsYXsCgU&list=PL1x1TG2vvEY...
One thing that is true is that there was one time when the forest caught on fire, and in the city the sky turned yellow and there was ash falling from the sky. I needed to go to the store to buy light globes and batteries, and my neigbourhood is close to the forest,, and the smoke was so thick I coughed very hard and I felt like I could not breathe; and arrived home gaspng for air. It is very important to be careful around bushfire smoke, even if you are safe from the fire, the reason being is that smoke inhalation can be extremely harmful.
En las altitudes elevadas de los Andes tropicales las temperaturas de superficie han subido un 0,1 ºC aproximadamente cada decenio durante los últimos 50 años (Vuille et al., 2015). Debido a este calentamiento, la altitud del nivel de congelación (isoterma de 0 ºC) ha aumentado unos 45 m de media en toda la región (Bradley et al., 2009).
For any form of publication, please include the link to this page: www.grida.no/publications/407
This photo has been graciously provided to be used in the GRID-Arendal resources library by: Riccardo Pravettoni