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L’instrument NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) du télescope spatial James Webb révèle ici une vue partielle de 50 années-lumière de large du centre de la Voie lactée où 500 000 étoiles brillent dans la région de Sagittaire C* (énoncé Sagittarius C étoile, abrégé en Sgr C*). Celle-ci se trouve à environ 300 années-lumière de Sagittaire A* (Sgr A*), le trou noir supermassif de 4,3 millions de masses solaires, situé au centre de la Voie lactée, ce dernier étant situé à 25 000 années-lumière de la Terre.
Une vaste région d’hydrogène ionisé, couvrant environ 25 années-lumière et représentée en cyan, s’enroule autour d’un nuage sombre infrarouge, si dense qu’il bloque la lumière des étoiles lointaines derrière lui. Les structures intrigantes en forme d’aiguilles dans l’émission d’hydrogène ionisé manquent de toute orientation uniforme. Un amas de protoétoiles (étoiles encore en formation et en train de gagner de la masse) produisent des flux sortants qui brillent comme un feu de joie à la base du grand nuage infrarouge sombre, indiquant qu'ils émergent du cocon protecteur de ce nuage et qu'ils rejoindront bientôt les rangs des étoiles les plus matures. De plus petits nuages sombres dans l’infrarouge parsèment la scène, apparaissant comme des trous dans le champ d’étoiles.
Description de l'image
Dans ce champ rempli d'étoiles, une grande zone de couleur cyan brillante entoure la partie inférieure d’une région d’espace en forme d’entonnoir, plus large au bord supérieur de l’image, puis qui se rétrécit. Cette région apparaît plus sombre que son environnement et vers l’extrémité étroite de celle-ci, un petit bouquet rouge et blanc semble projeter des banderoles vers le haut et vers la gauche. La zone de couleur cyan présente des structures en forme d'aiguilles et devient plus diffuse vers la droite. Le côté droit est dominé par des nuages orange et rouge, avec une brume violette (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, Samuel Crowe UVA).
Pour situer la région Sagittarius C* (Sgr C*) dans la constellation du Sagittaire (Sagittarius) :
Dans le trou noir supermassif Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) situé à 25 000 années-lumière de la Terre, dans la constellation du Sagittaire (Sagittarius) au centre de notre galaxie, la Voie lactée, le disque tourbillonnant de gaz et de poussière qui l’entoure (appelé disque d’accrétion) est plus actif que prévu, émettant un flux constant, mais aléatoire, d’éruptions cutanées, allant de faibles scintillements à de brillantes éruptions. Y ont été vus des "feux d’artifice" continus (Weeb-NIRCam) de différentes luminosités et durées. Ce disque d'accrétion générait 5 à 6 grandes éruptions par jour, avec plusieurs petites sous-éruptions ou éclats entre les deux, et des changements encore plus faibles augmentant au fil des mois.
Le disque tourbillonnant de gaz et de poussière (disque d’accrétion) en orbite autour du trou noir supermassif central, appelé Sagittaire A*, émet un flux constant de fusées éclairantes sans période de repos. Le niveau d’activité se produit sur une large plage de temps, depuis de courts intermèdes jusqu’à de longues périodes. Alors que certaines éruptions sont de faibles scintillements, ne durant que quelques secondes, d'autres sont des éruptions d'une luminosité aveuglante crachant quotidiennement.
Deux processus distincts seraient responsables des éruptions courtes et des plus longues. Les perturbations mineures au sein du disque d'accrétion génèrent probablement de faibles scintillements. Plus précisément, les fluctuations turbulentes à l’intérieur du disque peuvent comprimer le plasma (gaz chaud chargé électriquement) pour provoquer une explosion temporaire de rayonnement, comparable aux éruptions solaires. En effet, "cela ressemble à la façon dont le champ magnétique du Soleil se rassemble, se comprime, puis déclenche une éruption solaire. Bien sûr, les processus sont plus dramatiques, car l’environnement autour d’un trou noir est beaucoup plus énergétique et beaucoup plus extrême. Mais la surface du Soleil bouillonne également d’activité".
Ces grandes et lumineuses éruptions seraient dues à des événements occasionnels de reconnexion magnétique, processus par lequel deux champs magnétiques entrent en collision, libérant de l’énergie sous forme de particules accélérées. Celles-ci perdent de l’énergie au cours de l’éruption plus rapidement aux longueurs d’onde courtes qu’aux plus longues, tournant en spirale autour des lignes de champ magnétique. Se déplaçant à des vitesses proches de la vitesse de la lumière, elles émettent de brillants éclats de rayonnement. Cet événement de reconnexion magnétique est comme une étincelle d’électricité statique, ce qui dans un sens est aussi une reconnexion électrique.
"Dans nos données, nous avons constaté une luminosité bouillonnante et en constante évolution. Et puis boum ! Un grand éclat de luminosité est soudainement apparu. Puis, ça s'est à nouveau calmé. Mais comme nous n’avons pas pu trouver de modèle dans cette activité, cela semblant être aléatoire" (cf. Farhad Yusef-Zadeh, Université Northwestern de l'Illinois dans The Astrophysical Journal Letters du 18 février 2025).
Description conceptuelle artististique
Un grand cercle noir représentant un trou noir occupe le tiers droit du cadre avec des stries oranges épaisses et grumeleuses, se dessinant au-dessus et en dessous en l'entourant. L'arc supérieur s'étend vers le bas à gauche, puis se courbe devant le trou noir pour former un disque incliné. Près du bord interne du disque, plusieurs points brillants et plus blancs sont surmontés de filaments bleus, représentant des éruptions cutanées (cf. vue conceptuelle artistique, NASA, ESA, CSA, Ralf Crawford STScI).
Pour situer le trou noir supermassif Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) dans la constellation du Sagittaire (Sagittarius) :
Dans la constellation de Persée (Perseus), à 1000 années-lumière de la Terre, l'objet Herbig-Haro HH 797, âgé de quelques milliers d'années, est la région brillante qui entoure les étoiles nouveau-nées (appelées protoétoiles) oú elles se forment lorsque des vents stellaires ou des jets de gaz crachés par celles-ci produisent des ondes de choc entrant en collision avec le gaz et la poussière proches à grande vitesse. HH 797, dominant la moitié inférieure de cette image, est situé à proximité du jeune amas d'étoiles ouvert IC 348, situé près de la limite est du complexe de nuages sombres de Persée.
Les objets infrarouges brillants dans la partie supérieure de l’image hébergent a priori deux protoétoiles crachant des jets de gaz presque parallèles. Les molécules chaudes (des milliers de degrés Celsius), excitées par les conditions turbulentes, notamment l’hydrogène moléculaire et le monoxyde de carbone, émettent une lumière infrarouge particulièrement efficace pour observer les étoiles nouveau-nées et leurs écoulements, en pénètrant dans le gaz et la poussière qui les obscurcissent dans la lumière visible.
En ce qui concerne le gaz moléculaire froid associé au HH 797, sa majeure partie est décalée vers le rouge (donc s’éloignant de nous) et se trouve vers le sud (en bas à droite), tandis que le gaz décalé vers le bleu (se dirigeant vers nous) est au nord (en bas à gauche). A travers l'écoulement, près de la jeune étoile centrale, la vitesse du gaz, près du bord est du jet est, est plus décalée vers le rouge que celle du gaz sur le bord ouest. Les lobes oranges à deux faces ont été créés par des éjections antérieures de ces étoiles, leurs éjections les plus récentes apparaissant dans un bleu filiforme, courant le long de la pointe de diffraction inclinée qui recouvre les lobes orange.
Cette a priori seule sortie en comprend de fait deux, presque parallèles avec leurs propres séries distinctes de chocs (ce qui explique leurs asymétries de vitesse). La source, située dans la petite région sombre (en bas à droite du centre), n'est donc pas une étoile simple mais double, chaque étoile produisant son propre flux. D'autres sorties sont également visibles, dont celle de la protoétoile en haut à droite du centre avec ses parois de cavité éclairées.
Description de la mage
Dans la moitié inférieure de l'image se trouve une nébuleuse étroite et horizontale qui s'étend d'un bord à l'autre. De couleur vive, principalement dans des tons de rouge et rose, elle comprend également quelques reflets verts et jaunes sur le côté droit. Dans la moitié supérieure de l’image, un point lumineux avec une lumière multicolore (jaune, verte et rouge rosé) rayonne dans toutes les directions. Une étoile brillante avec de longs pics de diffraction, partiellement visible, se trouve le long du bord droit. Quelques étoiles plus petites sont réparties autour. Le fond est bleu foncé et recouvert d’une fine brume (cf. ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, T. Ray : Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies).
Pour situer la paire d'étoiles en formation Herbig-Haro HH 787 (Weeb-NIRCam) dans la constellation de Persée (Perseus) :
Représentée ici artistiquement, la rare exoplanète (de type Neptune chaud ou Uranus chaud) Neptune ultra-chaude LTT 9779 b se situe à 264 années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation du Sculpteur (Sculptor). Sa masse est 29 fois plus grande et son rayon 4,7 fois plus grand que ceux de la Terre. Elle tourne à environ 150 millions de km autour de son étoile hôte LTT 9779 (naine jaune à peu près comparable au Soleil, mais plus jeune : 1,7 milliard d'années) en moins d’une journée et est soumise à des températures atteignant 2000 °C sur son côté éclairé. Verrouillée gravitationnellement (comme la Lune avec la Terre), un côté fait par contre constamment face à son étoile tandis que l’autre reste dans une obscurité perpétuelle. Malgré ces extrêmes, le côté éclairé de la planète abrite des nuages réfléchissants sur son hémisphère ouest, plus froid, ce qui contraste de manière frappante avec le côté est, plus chaud. En conséquence, "cette planète représente un laboratoire unique pour comprendre comment les nuages et le transport de chaleur interagissent dans l’atmosphère des mondes fortement irradiés".
L'asymétrie mise en évidence dans la réflectivité du côté éclairé de l'exoplanète rend inégale la distribution de la chaleur et des nuages qui serait due à des vents puissants transportant la chaleur tout autour. Ces résultats permettent d’affiner les modèles décrivant le transport de la chaleur sur une planète en général et la formation des nuages dans l’atmosphère des exoplanètes en particulier. L'instrument du Weeb ici utilisé est l'imageur et spectrographe sans fente dans le proche infrarouge NIRISS : Near InfraRed Imager and Slitless Spectrograph.
Description
La représentation artistique de cette exoplanète sur fond noir montre son visage diurne bien éclairé, avec la moitié gauche seulement enveloppée de nuages blancs, sa moitié droite étant d’apparence organique (cf. Benoit Gougean : Université de Montréal).
Pour situer l'exoplanète Neptune ultra-chaude LTT 9779 b (Weeb-NIRISS) dans la constellation du Sculpteur (Sculptor) :
La galaxie naine Leo P (Weeb-NIRCam) est située à 5,3 millions d'années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation du Lion (LEO).
Au fil du temps cosmique, les galaxies commencent petites et grandissent en accumulant du gaz, et en fusionnant les unes avec les autres. De nombreuses petites galaxies "graines" persistent jusqu’à nos jours et ont évolué au fil du temps. D’un intérêt particulier, ces naines isolées n’ayant pas été affectées par les fusions peuvent fournir une fenêtre sur les processus qui fonctionnent à l’échelle cosmique. Une galaxie naine isolée et proche, dont la formation d’étoiles avait commencé très tôt, puis après une période connue sous le nom d’époque de réionisation avait en grande partie cessé au début de l’univers, pour enfin se "rallumer" plus tard, connaissant une renaissance que de nombreuses autres petites galaxies n’ont pas connue.
Kristen McQuinn, du Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) de Baltimore, et son équipe ont étudié Leo P, galaxie naine découverte en 2013. Celle-ci est suffisamment éloignée du groupe local, rassemblement de galaxies comprenant la Voie lactée, pour être voisine sans en être affectée. Le "P" de Lion P fait référence à "vierge", contenant très peu d’éléments chimiques en dehors de l’hydrogène et de l’hélium. Elle fournit ainsi un laboratoire unique pour explorer les débuts de l'évolution d'une galaxie de faible masse. Le contraste entre la production d’étoiles des galaxies naines isolées et celle du groupe local fournit une preuve irréfutable que ce n’est pas seulement la masse d’une galaxie au moment de la réionisation qui détermine si sa formation d’étoiles sera arrêtée ou éteinte, mais son environnement s’il est isolé ou fonctionne comme satellite d’un système plus vaste.
Les données collectées de 15 000 étoiles de cette galaxie permettent d'en déduire l'histoire de la formation des étoiles, celles-ci passant par trois phases : une première explosion de formation d’étoiles suivie d'une "pause" de plusieurs milliards d’années, puis d'un nouveau cycle de formation d’étoiles se poursuivant toujours. Elles apparaissent ici bleues par rapport aux galaxies d’arrière-plan. Les étoiles jeunes et massives, communes dans les galaxies en formation d’étoiles, sont déjà majoritairement bleues. Mais la galaxie étant extrêmement pauvre en éléments plus lourds que l’hydrogène et l’hélium, les étoiles "pauvres en métaux" (XMP : 3 % par rapport au soleil) qui en résultent ont tendance à être de ce fait plus bleues que celles semblables au Soleil.
Description de l'image
Une concentration d'étoiles bleues brillantes occupe le coin inférieur droit de l'image. En bas au centre, se trouve une petite bulle bleue (région d’hydrogène ionisé entourant une étoile chaude et massive de type O), les étoiles et la bulle faisant partie d’une galaxie naine diffuse qui s’étend au-delà du bord de l’image. Les galaxies d'arrière-plan y sont dispersées, avec des spirales particulièrement proéminentes situées en haut à gauche et en haut à droite, le fond de l'espace étant noir (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA, Kristen McQuinn STScI).
Pour situer la galaxie naine Leo P (Webb-NIRCam) dans la constellation du Lion (LEO) :
L'amas de Pandore Abell 2744 (Weeb-NIRCam) se situe à 4 milliards d'années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation australe du Sculpteur (Sculptor). Trois jeunes galaxies (41038, de faible masse, en formation d'étoiles, sont ici mises en évidence par des cadres verts. Celui du milieu contient la galaxie nommée 41028 qui possède une masse stellaire estimée à seulement 2 millions de soleils, comparable à celle des plus grands amas d'étoiles de notre propre galaxie, la Voie lactée.
83 jeunes galaxies de faible masse à sursauts d'étoiles ont été observées et étudiées sur des images infrarouges de l'amas de galaxies géantes Abell 2744 (programme UNCOVER : Ultradeep NIRSpec et NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization). Ce composite intègre des images prises à travers trois filtres NIRCam (F200W en bleu, F410M en vert et F444W en rouge), le filtre F410M étant très sensible à la lumière émise par l'oxygène doublement ionisé (atomes d'oxygène privés de deux électrons) à une époque où la réionisation était déjà bien avancée. Émise sous forme de lumière verte, cette lueur a été étirée dans l'infrarouge lors de sa traversée de l'univers en expansion pendant des milliards d'années. La masse de l'amas agit alors comme une loupe naturelle, permettant d'observer ces minuscules galaxies telles qu'elles étaient lorsque l'univers avait environ 800 millions d'années, soit environ 6 % de son âge actuel de 13,8 milliards d'années.
Description de l’image
Des galaxies blanches et jaunes de tailles et de formes variées se détachent sur l’obscurité de l’espace. Deux étoiles brillantes de notre galaxie présentent des diagrammes de diffraction à six pointes avec des rayons bleutés, visibles au centre et en bas à gauche. Sur l’image infrarouge, à droite, trois losanges verts représentent chacun une jeune galaxie étudiée plus en détail, avec au centre la galaxie 41028 qui possède une masse stellaire estimée à seulement 2 millions de soleils (cf. NASA/ESA/CSA/Bezanson et al. 2024, et Wold et al. 2025).
Pour situer l'amas de Pandore Abell 2744 (Weeb-NIRCam) dans la constellation du Sculpteur (Sculptor) :
L'amas d'étoiles NGC 602 (Weeb-Chandra) se trouve à la périphérie du Petit nuage de Magellan (PNM), l'une des galaxies les plus proches de la Voie lactée, à environ 200 000 années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation de l'Hydre mâle (Hydrus). Ses étoiles contiennent moins d’éléments lourds que le Soleil et la plupart du reste de la galaxie, et imitent celles trouvées il y a des milliards d’années, lorsque l’univers était beaucoup plus jeune.
Cette image combine les données de l’observatoire à rayons X Chandra de la NASA avec celle publiée récemment par le télescope spatial James Webb*. Le contour sombre en forme d’anneau de la couronne est représenté en orange, jaune, vert et bleu et constitué de nuages denses de poussière remplie. Les rayons X de Chandra (en rouge) montrent de jeunes étoiles massives illuminant la couronne et envoyant une lumière à haute énergie dans l'espace interstellaire. Ceux-ci sont alimentés par les vents provenant des jeunes étoiles massives disséminées dans tout l’amas. Leur nuage étendu provient probablement de la lueur des rayons X se chevauchant de milliers de jeunes étoiles de faible masse dans l'amas.
Description de l'image
L'amas d'étoiles est représenté à l'intérieur d'une grande nébuleuse de gaz et de poussières multicolores. Le matériau forme des crêtes sombres et des pics de gaz et de poussière entourant l’amas, éclairés sur la face interne, tandis que des couches de nuages diffus et translucides les recouvrent. Autour et dans le gaz, s'observe un grand nombre de galaxies lointaines, certaines assez grandes, ainsi que quelques étoiles plus proches de nous, très grandes et brillantes (cf. Radiographie : NASA/CXC ; Infrarouge : ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, P. Zeilder, E. Sabbi, A. Nota, M. Zamani ; Traitement d'images : NASA/CXC/SAO/L. Frattare et K. Arcand).
Pour situer l'amas d'étoiles NGC 602 (Weeb-Chandra) dans la constellation de l'Hydre mâle (Hydrus) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/48878340118
*Pour voir l'amas d'étoiles NGC 602 (Weeb-NIRCam-MIRI) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/54109595155/in/datetake...
Pour voir l'amas d'étoiles NGC 602 (Chandra, Hubble et Spitzer) :
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
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Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
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www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
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For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7, 2015)
La galaxie spirale barrée NGC 2556 est située à 76 millions d'années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation de la Poupe (Puppis). Sa relative proximité donne la possibilité d’observer ses moindres détails, tels que les amas d’étoiles et les nuages de gaz, et d'étudier ainsi les relations entre les étoiles, le gaz et la poussière dans les galaxies proches en formation d'étoiles.
Les longueurs d’onde de l’infrarouge moyen capturées par MIRI mettent en évidence sa poussière interstellaire chaude, comprenant des molécules complexes et suintantes appelées hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP). Les données NIRCam dans le proche infrarouge donnent quant à elles une vue détaillée des étoiles de la galaxie, même de celles profondément ancrées dans des nuages de gaz, captant également une partie de la lumière des molécules d’hydrocarbures.
Description de l'image :
Vue en gros plan, la galaxie spirale de forme ovale a son noyau en tache compacte et pâle, brillant vivement et remplissant le disque d'une lumière bleuâtre. De légers brins de poussière rougeâtre pâle tourbillonnent autour vers les côtés les plus éloignés du disque. Ceux-ci se rejoignent chacun avec un bras de poussière épaisse, nuageuse et rouge, les taches orange étant plus brillantes, suivant le bord du disque jusqu'à l'extrémité opposée et un peu au large de la galaxie (cf. ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, A. Leroy).
Pour situer la galaxie spirale NGC 2556 (Weeb-NIRCam et MIRI) dans la constellation de la Poupe (Puppis) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/48939123751
Pour voir la galaxie spirale NGC 2556 (Weeb-MIRI) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/54224844485/in/photostr...
Pour voir la galaxie spirale NGC 2556 (Hubble) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/54224089395/in/photostr...
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit24/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada via his official art website.
(Updated May 26, 2015)
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7, 2015)
Les deux proto-étoiles Lynds 483 (L 483) se situent à 350 années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation de la Queue du Serpent (Serpens Cauda). Cette paire d’étoiles en formation active est responsable de ce sablier scintillant de gaz et de poussière. Les deux protoétoiles se trouvent au centre de la forme en sablier, éjectant du gaz et de la poussière. Lorsque de la matière cosmique plus récente entre en conflit avec de la matière ancienne, les densités variables provoquent les torsions et les tourbillons scintillants. Il y a des "vides" noirs où les étoiles ne brillent pas (en particulier à gauche de la partie inférieure du sablier). La poussière y est si épaisse que peu de lumière stellaire y pénètre, même Webb qui ne perçoit ici les étoiles d’arrière-plan que comme de faibles points de lumière.
Au-dessus et en dessous du disque aplati au centre, la poussière est plus fine et la lumière vive des étoiles brille à travers, formant de grands cônes orange semi-transparents autour du contour du sablier. Dans des millions d'années, lorsque les étoiles auront fini de se former et auront nettoyé la zone, elles pourraient chacune avoir environ la masse de notre Soleil. Tout ce qui restera peut-être sera un minuscule disque de gaz et de poussière où des planètes pourraient éventuellement se former.
Description de l'image :
Au centre se trouve un mince nuage vertical à la forme d'un sablier aux bords irréguliers. Au centre inférieur, deux minuscules taches de lumière blanches et brillantes se sont éloignées des étoiles centrales cachées. Le lobe supérieur présente une forme de U orange plus proéminente, l'orange se transformant en violet clair et en rose plus vif sur ses bords. Certaines étoiles d'arrière-plan sont visibles à travers des sections de ce lobe. Plus haut, dans l'arc orange, un matériau rose plus vif s'étend jusqu'aux bords supérieurs près du centre. Moins d'orange étant visible dans le lobe inférieur. Un violet clair plus opaque se trouve dans son tiers supérieur, ondulant dans des bleus et des roses semi-transparents où le lobe inférieur a plus de texture. Les formes en V à gauche et à droite des lobes sont les plus sombres et les étoiles d'arrière-plan dans ces zones apparaissent orange. Ailleurs, le fond noir de l'espace est plus clair, tacheté de minuscules étoiles blanches et de galaxies orange pâles (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI).
Pour situer les deux proto-étoiles Lynds 483 (Weeb-NIRCam) dans la constellation de la Queue du Serpent (Serpens Cauda) :
La nébuleuse L 1527 qui se situe à 430 années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation du Taureau (Taurus) renferme une proto-étoile âgée de seulement 100 000 ans, stade le plus précoce de la formation d'étoiles. Les proto-étoiles ont un long chemin à parcourir avant de devenir des étoiles à part entière, ne générant pas encore leur propre énergie par fusion nucléaire de l'hydrogène, caractéristique essentielle de celles-ci. Cette protoétoile est principalement sphérique et instable, prenant la forme d'un petit amas de gaz chaud et gonflé, représentant entre 20 et 40 % de la masse du Soleil.
Les zones colorées ici en bleu, englobent la majeure partie du sablier et montrent principalement des molécules carbonées appelées hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP). La proto-étoile elle-même ainsi que la dense couche de poussière et le mélange de gaz qui l'entourent sont représentés en rouge, les extensions rouges en forme de cierge magique étant un artefact de l’optique des télescopes. Entre les deux, MIRI révèle une région blanche directement au-dessus et en dessous de la proto-étoile, qui n’apparaît pas aussi fortement dans la vue NIRCam (cf. ci-dessous *). Cette région est un mélange d'hydrocarbures, de néon ionisé et de poussière épaisse, ce qui montre que la proto-étoile propulse cette matière assez loin d'elle, consommant de manière désordonnée la matière de son disque.
À mesure que la proto-étoile continue de vieillir et de libérer des jets énergétiques, elle consommera, détruira et repoussera une grande partie de ce nuage moléculaire, et bon nombre des structures vues ici commenceront à s’estomper. Finalement, une fois qu’elle aura fini de rassembler de la masse, cet impressionnant spectacle prendra fin et l’étoile elle-même deviendra plus visible, même pour nos télescopes à lumière visible.
Description de l'image
Le centre de l’image montre une région rouge vif, où réside la proto-étoile en croissance intégrée dans un nuage moléculaire, avec une fine bande grise la traversant horizontalement, son disque d’accrétion. Au-dessus et au-dessous de cette région se trouvent des cavités triangulaires blanches et bleues dans le nuage moléculaire, qui donnent à l'objet global une forme de sablier. Les zones des cavités les plus proches du centre présentent des panaches de gaz et de poussière blancs plus prononcés qui s'estompent pour devenir bleus plus loin (cf. NASA, ESA, ASC, STScI).
Pour situer la proto-étoile L 1527 (Weeb-MIRI) dans la constellation du Taureau (Taurus) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/48686561981
*Pour revoir la photo prise en 2022 (Weeb-NIRCam) :
takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7B, 2015)
More about outfit, PLACE and Bonus photo at.
splashingredfashionista.weebly.com/blog/coffee-book
facebook: www.facebook.com/splashingredfashionista
La nébuleuse planétaire NGC 6072 (Weeb-MIRI) est située à 23 000 années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation du Scorpion (Scorpius). Une nébuleuse planétaire est constituée de gaz et de poussière éjectés d'une étoile, comme le Soleil, à un stade avancé de sa vie. Elles sont généralement circulaires, elliptiques ou bipolaires, mais certaines s'écartent de la norme !
Ici, la scène est inhabituelle et asymétrique, potentiellement causée par un système d'étoiles binaires, deux étoiles en orbite l'une autour de l'autre ! Elle met en évidence les multiples flux elliptiques éjectés du centre. Cela prouverait la présence probable d'au moins deux étoiles à cet endroit. Mais plus précisément, une étoile compagnon interagit avec une étoile vieillissante qui a déjà commencé à se débarrasser d'une partie de ses couches externes de gaz et de poussière.
Description de l'image
La nébuleuse planétaire est ici principalement bleue, de lumière infrarouge moyenne, provenant d'un nuage lumineux à la forme asymétrique et déformée. Sa forme asymétrique ressemble à un gros insecte écrasé au sol. Au centre, une lueur bleu clair apparaît au-dessus de zones de poches sombres d'apparence bleu foncé, tracées par de la matière orange et présentant un aspect grumeleux. Les coquilles de gaz et de poussière apparaissent sous forme de lobes s'étendant approximativement de 11 h à 17 h, un autre de 13 h à 19 h et peut-être un troisième de 12 h à 18 h. Ces coquilles deviennent d'un rouge plus foncé à mesure que l'on s'éloigne du centre. Ces flux propulsent le gaz vers le plan équatorial, formant un disque qui semble s'étendre de 9 h à 15 h. L'espace est noir et parsemé de minuscules étoiles brillantes et de galaxies lointaines (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA et STScI).
Pour situer la nébuleuse planétaire NGC 6072 (Weeb-MIRI) dans la constellation du Scorpion (Scorpius) :
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7, 2015)
We went to the Manchester art gallery today, and what fun we had.
isaac had a whale of a time and hats off to the gallery for such a child friendly place
This is my 20,000 click on my camera!!
L'étoile HD 181327 est située à environ 157 années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation du Télescope (Telescopium) et serait âgée d'environ 12 millions d'années. Webb a découvert de la glace d'eau cristalline dans un disque de débris autour de cette jeune étoile semblable au Soleil. Compte tenu de sa présence dans notre système solaire (la ceinture de Kuiper datant d'il y a des milliards d'années à 30-55 x 150 millions de km), les scientifiques s'attendaient à la voir également dans d'autres systèmes stellaires, mais sans encore en apporter la preuve définitive.
Le spectographe NIRSpec de Weeb a en effet détecté de l'eau gelée cristalline associée dans le disque de débris autour de cette étoile à de fines particules de poussière (comme de minuscules boules de neige sales !). En fait, ces données ressemblent à ses récentes observations d'objets de la ceinture de Kuiper, cette dernière orbitant loin du Soleil plus loin que Neptune, et composée de millions de petits objets glacés, dont des planètes mineures comme Pluton. S'agissant essentiellement de vestiges des débuts du système solaire, ces objets pourraient avoir formé une autre planète géante, sauf qu'ils n'ont pas pu fusionner sous l'effet de la gravité de Neptune.
Cette découverte dans le système de l'étoile HD 181327 permettra en conséquence d'étudier l'influence de la glace d'eau sur les processus au sein de nombreux autres systèmes planétaires, comme la formation de plantes géantes ou sa distribution aux planètes rocheuses via les comètes et les astéroïdes.
Description de l'image :
Semblable au Soleil et de son disque de débris, l'étoile HD 181327 est ici représentée dans l'illustration d'artiste en haut à droite et entourée d'un disque de débris beaucoup plus grand, formant une ellipse incomplète et coupée à droite. Une immense cavité la sépare du disque. Le disque de débris, ce dernier étant en gris clair. Vers le haut et à gauche, apparaissent des points plus fins et plus discrets, de tailles variées, le disque étant plus flou et enfumé en bas. L'étoile est d'un blanc éclatant au centre, entourée d'une zone bleutée brumeuse (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA, Ralf Crawford STScI).
Pour situer l''étoile HD 181327 dans la constellation du Télescope (Telescopium) :
WGW Whitby Goth Weekend November 2016. More at 'The Lure of Salvage' Modern Gothik moderngothik.weebly.com/
La lentille gravitationnelle du quasar RX J1131-1231 (Weeb) se situe à 6 milliards d'années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation de la Coupe (Crater). La galaxie du premier plan étale l'image du quasar d'arrière-plan en un arc lumineux et crée quatre images de l'objet. La lentille gravitationnelle offre une rare opportunité d'étudier des régions proches du trou noir dans des quasars lointains, en agissant comme un télescope naturel et en grossissant la lumière provenant de ces sources. Toute matière dans l’Univers déforme l’espace autour d’elle, des masses plus grandes produisant un effet plus prononcé. Autour d'objets très massifs, tels que les galaxies, la lumière qui passe à proximité suit cet espace déformé, semblant s'éloigner de sa trajectoire d'origine d'une quantité clairement visible. L’un des effets consécutifs de la lentille gravitationnelle est qu’elle peut grossir des objets astronomiques éloignés, permettant ainsi d’étudier ces objets, qui autrement seraient trop faibles ou trop éloignés.
Les mesures de l'émission de rayons X des quasars peuvent fournir une indication de la vitesse à laquelle le trou noir central tourne, fournissant des indices importants sur la façon dont les trous noirs se développent au fil du temps. Si, par exemple, un trou noir se développe principalement à partir de collisions et de fusions entre galaxies, il devrait accumuler de la matière dans un disque stable et l'apport constant de nouvelle matière provenant du disque devrait conduire à un trou noir en rotation rapide. Si, d'autre part, le trou noir se développait au cours de nombreux petits épisodes d’accrétion, il accumulerait de la matière dans des directions aléatoires. Le trou noir de ce quasar particulier tourne à plus de la moitié de la vitesse de la lumière, ce qui suggère qu'il s'est développé via des fusions, plutôt que d'attirer de la matière depuis différentes directions.
Description de l'image
Une petite image de galaxie apparaît ici sous la forme d'un anneau bleu pâle et à son sommet se trouvent côte à côte trois points orange très brillants, copies d’un seul quasar de la galaxie, le quatrième exemplaire étant visible vers le bas de l'anneau. Au centre de ce dernier et au premier plan une galaxie elliptique est dotée d’une gravité si puissante qu’elle grossit l’autre galaxie et son quasar, apparaissant sous la forme d'un petit point bleu, le fond de cette image étant noir et vide (cf. ESA/Webb, NASA et CSA, A. Nierenberg).
Pour situer la lentille gravitationnelle du quasar RX J1131-1231 (Weeb-MIRI) dans la constellation de la Coupe (Crater) :
takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7B, 2015)
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7, 2015)
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7, 2015)
Bien que la planète géante gazeuse Jupiter soit différente de la Terre, monde rocheux et tempéré quant à elle, les deux planètes ont des atmosphères superposées. Les longueurs d’onde de la lumière infrarouge, visible, radio et ultraviolette observées détectent les couches inférieures et plus profondes de l’atmosphère de cette planète, où résident de gigantesques tempêtes et des nuages de glace d’ammoniac. A environ 40 km d'altitude dans sa basse stratoshère, un courant-jet de 4 800 km de large au-dessus des ponts nuageux de son équateur se déplace à 2 fois la vitesse des vents d'un ouragan de catégorie 5 sur Terre, soit plus de 500 kmh !
Description de l'image
Dominant le fond noir de l'espace, Jupiter en couleurs améliorées met en vedette la turbulente grande tache rouge de la planète, qui apparaît ici en blanc. La planète est striée de rayures horizontales tourbillonnantes de turquoise fluo, de pervenche, de rose clair et de crème. Ces rayures interagissent et se mélangent sur leurs bords comme de la crème dans du café. Aux deux pôles, la planète brille en turquoise, les aurores orange vif brillant juste au-dessus de sa surface, aux deux pôles (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, R. Hueso University of the Basque Country, I. de Pater University of California, Berkeley, T. Fouchet Observatory of Paris, L. Fletcher University of Leicester, M. Wong University of California, Berkeley, J. DePasquale STScI).
Les amas d'étoiles des nébuleuses NGC 460 à gauche et NGC 456 à droite (Hubble-Weeb) se situent à 199 000 millions d'années-lumière de la terre dans la constellation du Toucan (Tucana). Ceux-ci sont constitués de dizaines, voire de milliers, d'étoiles faiblement liées par la gravité. L'effondrement des nuages de gaz donne naissance à des étoiles et lorsque ces jeunes étoiles chaudes expulsent des vents stellaires d'autres s'effondrent, donnant naissance à d'autres étoiles.
La vue en lumière visible et proche infrarouge de Hubble capture le gaz ionisé brillant, le rayonnement stellaire soufflant des "bulles" dans les nuages de gaz et de poussière (en bleu), tandis que la vision infrarouge de Webb met en évidence les amas et les structures délicates de poussière (en rouge).
Description de l'image
Des nuages de gaz bleutés parcourus de lignes rougeoyantes et de filaments de poussière contiennent des cavités remplies d'étoiles avec de nombreuses autres étoiles visibles en arrière-plan et dispersées dans les nuages. Ces derniers sont concentrés en haut à droite et au milieu inférieur de l'image avec de minuscules galaxies en arrière-plan (cf. Image : NASA, ESA et C. Lindberg Université Johns Hopkins; Traitement : Gladys Kober NASA/Université catholique d'Amérique).
Pour situer les amas d'étoiles des nébuleuses NGC 460 et NGC 456 (Hubble-Weeb) dans la constellation du Toucan (Tucana) :
La paire de galaxies en interaction ARP 107 est située à 450 millions d'années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation du Petit lion (Leo Minor). L'instrument MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument) de Webb révèle le trou noir supermassif qui se trouve au centre de la grande galaxie spirale à droite. Celui-ci attire une grande partie de la poussière et présente également les pics de diffraction caractéristiques de Webb, provoqués par la lumière qu'il émet en interaction avec la structure du télescope lui-même.
La caractéristique déterminante de la région qu'il révèle réside dans les millions de jeunes étoiles qui se forment, surlignées en bleu. Ces étoiles sont entourées de silicates poussiéreux et de molécules ressemblant à de la suie, appelées hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques. La petite galaxie elliptique à gauche a déjà parcouru une grande partie de sa formation d’étoiles et est composée d’un grand nombre de ces molécules organiques.
Description de l'image
Dans cette paire de galaxies en interaction, la plus grande des deux galaxies est légèrement à droite du centre et composée d'un centre blanc brumeux et brillant, et d'un anneau de filaments gazeux, qui sont de différentes nuances de rouge et d'orange. En bas à gauche et en bas à droite de l'anneau se trouvent des filaments de gaz en spirale vers l'intérieur du noyau. En haut à gauche de l’anneau un espace est bordé par deux grandes poches orange de poussière et de gaz. La plus petite galaxie à sa gauche est constituée de gaz et de poussières blanches et brumeuses, qui deviennent plus diffuses à mesure que l'on s'éloigne de son centre. En bas à gauche de cette galaxie, un nuage de gaz plus petit et plus diffus s’étend vers les bords. De nombreuses galaxies à fond rouge, orange et blanc ,sont réparties partout, certaines ayant une composition plus floue et d'autres ayant des motifs en spirale plus définis (cf. NASA, ESA, ASC, STScI).
Pour situer la paire de galaxies en interaction ARP 107 (Weeb-MIRI) dans la constellation du Petit lion (Leo Minor) :
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7, 2015)
L'amas de galaxies géantes Abell 2744 (Weeb-NIRCam-NIRSpec), amas de Pandore, se situe à 4,4 milliards d'années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation du Sculpteur (Sculptor).
Les losanges blancs indiquent l'emplacement de 20 des 83 jeunes galaxies à sursauts d'étoiles de faible masse, observées sur les images infrarouges de l'amas de galaxies géantes Abell 2744. Ce composite intègre des images prises à travers trois filtres NIRCam (F200W en bleu, F410M en vert et F444W en rouge). Le filtre F410M est très sensible à la lumière émise par l'oxygène doublement ionisé, des atomes d'oxygène privés de deux électrons, à une époque où la réionisation était déjà bien avancée. Émise sous forme de lumière verte, cette lueur a été étirée dans l'infrarouge lors de sa traversée de l'univers en expansion pendant des milliards d'années. La masse de l'amas agit comme une loupe naturelle, permettant d'observer ces minuscules galaxies telles qu'elles étaient lorsque l'univers avait environ 800 millions d'années, soit environ 6 % de son âge actuel de 13,8 milliards d'années.
Pendant une grande partie de son premier milliard d'années, l'Univers a été plongé dans un brouillard d'hydrogène neutre. Aujourd'hui, ce gaz est ionisé, c'est-à-dire dépouillé de ses électrons. Quels types d'objets seraient responsables de cette réionisation : les grandes galaxies, les petites galaxies ou les trous noirs supermassifs dans les galaxies actives ? Des études récentes ont montré que les petites galaxies en pleine formation stellaire pourraient y avoir joué un rôle majeur. Si de telles galaxies sont rares aujourd'hui, ne représentant qu'environ 1 % de celles qui nous entourent, elles étaient abondantes lorsque l'Univers avait environ 800 millions d'années, époque appellée décalage vers le rouge 7, lorsque la réionisation était bien avancée.
Des types similaires de galaxies dans l'univers actuel libèrent environ 25 % de leur lumière ultraviolette ionisante dans l'espace environnant. Si les galaxies à sursauts d'étoiles de faible masse explorées ici émettent une quantité similaire, elles pourraient représenter la totalité de la lumière ultraviolette nécessaire à la conversion de l'hydrogène neutre de l'univers en sa forme ionisée.
"Les galaxies de faible masse concentrent moins d'hydrogène neutre autour d'elles, ce qui facilite la fuite de la lumière ultraviolette ionisante", explique Rhoads. "De même, les épisodes de sursauts stellaires produisent non seulement une abondante lumière ultraviolette, mais creusent également des canaux dans la matière interstellaire d'une galaxie, favorisant ainsi sa diffusion" (cf. NASA/ESA/CSA/Bezanson et al. 2024 et Wold, et al. 2025).
Pour situer l'amas de galaxies Abell 2744 (Weeb-NIRCam-NIRSpec) dans la constellation du Sculpteur (Sculptor) :
Septième planète à partir du Soleil, Uranus tourne sur le côté, à un angle d'environ 90 degrés par rapport au plan de son orbite. Cela provoque des saisons extrêmes, puisque les pôles de la planète connaissent 42 ans d'ensoleillement constant suivis d'un nombre égal d'années d'obscurité totale, soit 84 ans pour orbiter autour du Soleil, situé à 2,87 milliards de km.
Pendant un quart de son année, le Soleil brille sur un pôle, la moitié de la planète connaissant un hiver sombre de 21 ans. La calotte polaire nord saisonnière de la planète brille d’un blanc éclatant. Sont visibles ici 14 des 27 lunes de la planète : Oberon, Titania, Umbriel, Juliet, Perdita, Rosalind, Puck, Belinda, Desdemona, Cressida, Ariel, Miranda, Bianca et Portia. Une journée sur Uranus dure environ 17 heures, la rotation de la planète étant relativement rapide. La plupart des galaxies d’arrière-plan apparaissent sous forme de taches orange, avec deux galaxies blanches plus grandes et floues à droite de la planète.
Description de l'image
Avec un centre entouré d'anneaux, la planète apparaît bleue avec une grande tache blanche occupant la moitié droite, plus blanche au centre et s'estompant en bleu lorsqu'elle s'étend de droite à gauche. Un mince contour d’Uranus est également blanc. Autour de la planète se trouve un système d’anneaux imbriqués avec de légères taches orange et blanc cassé, certaines ovales et d'autres circulaires qui sont des galaxies d'arrière-plan dispersées. Plusieurs sources ponctuelles bleu vif plus proches d’Uranus sont les lunes de la planète (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI).
Iredale Castle 30% discount, Round December 4th to the 28th.at We Love Roleplay Event
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marketplace.secondlife.com/es-ES/stores/137133
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maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Vice%20Identity/66/67/4011
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www.flickr.com/photos/nocturnadeed/
PrimFeed
www.primfeed.com/nocturna-deed-gothic-magic-medieval-crea...30% discount, Round November 4th to the 28th.at We Love Roleplay Event
weloveroleplay.weebly.com/november-2024.html
maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/We%20Love%20RolePlay/127/1...
www.facebook.com/NocturnaDeedsl/
Marketplace
marketplace.secondlife.com/es-ES/stores/137133
Store In World
maps.secondlife.com/secondlife/Vice%20Identity/66/67/4011
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www.flickr.com/photos/nocturnadeed/
PrimFeed
www.primfeed.com/nocturna-deed-gothic-magic-medieval-crea...
A seven seater 6 wheeled multi-cycle (Bikezilla), which provided music to the Climate Emergency Rally.
7th photo in my Cycling in Melbourne Documentary prepared for the Photojournalism subject of the Diploma of Photoimaging I studied in Semester 1 of 2009 at NMIT.
On June 13, 2009 thousands of people rallied for action on Climate Change. On a cold and bleak Melbourne winter day thousands gathered at the State Library where they heard from Greens Senator Bob Brown and 'Climate Codered' author and climate activist David Spratt, and other speakers. Leaving the State Library, people marched down Swanston Street to the front of the Melbourne Town Hall where the crowd was asked to do a sitdown protest. Inside the Town Hall the Victorian State Conference of the Australian Labor Party was meeting. A woman from Tuvalu spoke on the rising seas threat to her country and other low lying nations. Damien Lawson, National Climate Change Co-ordinator for Friends of the Earth spoke on the need for a campaign of popular civil disobedience if politicians continue taking no action or ineffectual action to rapidly decrease carbon emissions. The march then continued to Treasury Gardens.
See Videos of speeches outside the Town Hall and in the Treasury Gardens at Engagemedia or on my Youtube channel:
* Climate Emergency: Damien Lawson calls for Civil Disobedience Campaign for action on Climate Change
* Climate Emergency: thousands march in Melbourne calling for action
takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
The Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) of Coney Island, Brooklyn, New York – This unique sea-dwelling rabbit, which is actually a close relative of the sea lion, was officially discovered and investigated by Henry Hudson when he first visited this land to colonize the area by order of the Dutch government. It was named New Amsterdam -- today’s New York City. This island was named after he saw the beach covered with strange swimming wild rabbits. The word “Coney Island” means “wild rabbit island” in Dutch (originally Conyne Eylandt, or Konijneneiland in modern Dutch spelling). Sea rabbits were also referred mermaid rabbit, merrabbit, rabbit fish or seal rabbit in the natural history documents in the 17th century. The current conservation status, or risk of extinction, of the sea rabbit is Extinct in the Wild.
This website features two species of sea rabbits, which have been taken care of by Dr. Takeshi Yamada (山田武司) at the Coney Island Sea Rabbit Repopulation Center, which is a part of the Marine biology department of the Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. They are – Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) called “Seara” and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus) called “Stripes”.
The photographs and videos featured in this website chronicle adventures of the Coney Island sea rabbits and the world as seen by them. This article also documented efforts of Dr. Takeshi Yamada for bringing back the nearly extinct sea rabbits to Coney Island in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada produced a series of public lectures, workshops, original public live interactive fine art performances and fine art exhibitions about sea rabbits at a variety of occasions and institutions in the City of New York and beyond. Dr. Yamada is an internationally active educator, book author, wildlife conservationist and high profile artist, who lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sea Rabbit
Other Common Names: Coney Island Sea Rabbit, Beach Rabbit, Seal Rabbit, mer-rabbit, merrabbit, Atlantic Sea Rabbit.
Latin Name: Monafluffchus americanus
Origin: Atlantic coast of the United States
Description of the specimen: In the early 17th century’s European fur craze drove the fleet of Dutch ships to the eastern costal area of America. Then Holland was the center of the world just like the Italy was in the previous century. New York City was once called New Amsterdam when Dutch merchants landed and established colonies. Among them, Henry Hudson is probably the most recognized individual in the history of New York City today. “This small island is inhabited by two major creatures which we do not have in our homeland. The one creature is a large arthropod made of three body segments: the frontal segment resembles a horseshoe, the middle segment resembles a spiny crab and its tail resembles a sharp sword. Although they gather beaches here in great numbers, they are not edible due to their extremely offensive odor. Another creature which is abundant here, has the head of wild rabbit. This animal of great swimming ability has frontal legs resemble the webbed feet of a duck. The bottom half of the body resembles that of a seal. This docile rabbit of the sea is easy to catch as it does not fear people. The larger male sea rabbits control harems of 20 to 25 females. The meat of the sea rabbit is very tender and tasty.” This is what Hadson wrote in his personal journal in 1609 about the horseshoe crab and the sea rabbit in today’s Coney Island area of Brooklyn, New York. Sadly, just like the Dodo bird and the Thylacine, the sea rabbit was driven to extinction by the European settlers’ greed. When Dutch merchants and traders arrived here, sea rabbits were one of the first animals they hunted down to bring their furs to homeland to satisfy the fur craze of the time. To increase the shipment volume of furs of sea rabbit and beavers from New Amsterdam, Dutch merchants also started using wampum (beads made of special clam shells) as the first official currency of this country.
At the North Eastern shores of the United States, two species of sea rabbits were commonly found. They are Coney Island Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus americanus) and Coney Island Tiger-striped Sea Rabbit (Monafluffchus konjinicus). Sadly, due to their over harvesting in the previous centuries, their conservation status became “Extinct in the Wild” (ET) in the Red List Endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Currently, these sea rabbits are only found at breeding centers at selected zoos and universities such as Coney Island Aquarium and Coney Island University in Brooklyn, New York. The one shown in this photograph was named "Seara" and has been cared by Dr. Takeshi Yamada at Coney Island University.
The sea rabbit is one of the families of the Pinniped order. Pinnipeds (from Latin penna = flat and pes/pedis = foot) are sea-mammals: they are homeothermic (i.e having high and regulated inner temperature), lung-breathing (i.e dependant on atmospheric oxygen) animals having come back to semi aquatic life. As soon as they arrive ashore, females are caught by the nearest adult male. Males can maintain harems of about 20 females on average. Several hours to several days after arriving ashore, pregnant females give birth to eight to ten pups with a dark brown fur. As soon as birth occurs, the mother’s special smell and calls help her pups bond specifically to her. The mother stays ashore with her pup for about one week during which the pup gains weight. During the first week spent with her newborn, the mother becomes receptive. She will be impregnated by the bull, which control the harem. Implantation of the embryo will occur 3 months later, in March-April. During the reproductive period, the best males copulate with several tens females. To do so, males have to stay ashore without feeding in order to keep their territory and their harem. In mid-January, when the last females have been fecundated, males leave at sea to feed. Some of them will come back later in March-April for the moult. The other ones will stay at sea and will come back on Coney Island only in next November. After fecundation, the mother goes at sea for her first meal. At sea, mothers feed on clams, crabs, shrimps, fish (herring, anchovy, Pollock, capelin etc.) and squids. When she is back, the mother recovers her pups at the beach she left them. Suckling occurs after auditive and olfactory recognition had occured. In March-April, the dark brown fur is totally replaced by an adult-like light brownish grey fur during the moult that lasts 1-2 months. This new fur is composed by 2 layers. Externally, the guard fur is composed by flat hairs that recover themselves when wet. By doing so, they make a water-proof barrier for the under fur. The underfur retains air when the seal is dry. Because of isolating properties of the air, the underfur is the insulating system of the fur. In March-April, the fur of adults is partially replaced. First reproduction occurs at 1-yr old in females. Males are physiologically matures at 1 year old but socially matures at +2 years old.
NOTE: The name of Coney Island is commonly thought to be derived from the Dutch Konijn Eylandt or Rabbit Island as apparently the 17th century European settlers noted many rabbits running amuck on the island.
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/performances.html
www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/sea-rabbit-center.html
===========================================
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbits23/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit22
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit021/
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit20
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit19
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit18
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit17
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit16
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit15
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit14
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit13
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit12
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit11
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit10
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit9
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit8
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit7
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit6
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit5
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit4
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit3
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit2
www.flickr.com/photos/searabbit1
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits03
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits02
www.flickr.com/photos/diningwithsearabbits01
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadaimmortalized2/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadaimmortalized/
www.flickr.com/photos/yamadabellhouse2014/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders3/
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders2
www.flickr.com/photos/museumofworldwonders/
www.flickr.com/photos/takeshiyamadapaintings/
===========================================
For any questions, please email contact Takeshi Yamada, Art & Rogue Taxidermy, Museum of World Wonders, official website. www.takeshiyamada.weebly.com/
================================================
For any questions, please contact Dr. Takeshi Yamada. His email address is posted in the chapter page (the last page or the first page).
(Updated April 7, 2015)
La galaxie spirale barrée NGC 2556 est située à 76 millions d'années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation de la Poupe (Puppis). Sa relative proximité donne la possibilité d’observer ses moindres détails, tels que les amas d’étoiles et les nuages de gaz, et d'étudier ainsi les relations entre les étoiles, le gaz et la poussière dans les galaxies proches en formation d'étoiles. Les longueurs d’onde de l’infrarouge moyen capturées par MIRI mettent en évidence sa poussière interstellaire chaude, comprenant des molécules complexes et suintantes appelées hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAP).
Description de l'image :
Vue en gros plan, la galaxie spirale de forme ovale a son noyau en tache compacte et pâle, brillant vivement et remplissant le disque d'une lumière bleuâtre. De légers brins de poussière rougeâtre pâle tourbillonnent autour vers les côtés les plus éloignés du disque. Ceux-ci se rejoignent chacun avec un bras de poussière épaisse, nuageuse et rouge, les taches orange étant plus brillantes, suivant le bord du disque jusqu'à l'extrémité opposée et un peu au large de la galaxie (cf. ESA/Webb, NASA & CSA, A. Leroy).
Pour situer la galaxie spirale NGC 2556 (Weeb-MIRI) dans la constellation de la Poupe (Puppis) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/48939123751
Pour voir la galaxie spirale NGC 2556 (Hubble) :
www.flickr.com/photos/7208148@N02/54224089395/in/photostr...
Visitez mon nouveau site : www.safetycard.weebly.com/
Visit my new website : www.safetycard.weebly.com/
L'exoplanète 14 Herculis c (Weeb-NIRCam) est située à 58,4 années-lumière de la Terre dans la constellation d'Hercule (Hercules). Sa température est de -3 °C (26 °F), ce qui en fait l'une des exoplanètes les plus froides photographiées à ce jour. Ce système comprend deux exoplanètes : 14 Herculis b, plus proche de l'étoile et masquée coronographiquement par Webb, et 14 Herculis c. Elles n'orbitent pas dans le même plan que nos planètes. Leurs orbites sont inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre et les deux exoplanètes se croisent comme un X avec leur étoile au centre. Autrement dit, leurs plans orbitaux sont inclinés l'un par rapport à l'autre d'un angle d'environ 40° et les exoplanètes s'attirent mutuellement lorsqu'elles orbitent autour de l'étoile 14 Herculis (14 Her).
L'orbite de l'exoplanète c est également extrêmement elliptique. Elle orbite autour de son étoile, naine blanche à environ 2,2 milliards de km en moyenne (15 fois plus loin du Soleil que la Terre), ce qui la placerait quelque part entre Saturne et Uranus si elle se trouvait dans notre système solaire. Cette étoile est composée à 79 % 100 de la masse du Soleil, 88 % 100 de son rayon et 75 % 100 de sa luminosité, et est 2,7 fois plus riche que le Soleil en éléments plus lourds que l'hydrogène, d'après l'abondance du fer.
"Cette exoplanète est si froide que les meilleures comparaisons concernent les naines brunes les plus froides", explique Bardalez Gagliuffi. "Dans ces objets, comme avec 14 Herculis c, se trouvent du dioxyde et du monoxyde de carbone à des températures où nous devrions observer du méthane. Cela s'explique par le brassage de l'atmosphère, les molécules produites à des températures plus élevées dans la basse atmosphère étant transportées très rapidement vers la haute atmosphère froide".
"Plus une exoplanète est froide, plus elle est difficile à photographier" a déclaré William Balmer, doctorant à l'Université Johns Hopkins. "Nous sommes désormais en mesure d'identifier non seulement des exoplanètes jeunes et chaudes, mais aussi des exoplanètes plus anciennes, bien plus froides que celles que nous avons observées avant Webb".
Plusieurs théories expliquent pourquoi les exoplanètes de ce système ont autant dévié de leur trajectoire. L'une des principales est qu'elles se sont dispersées après l'éjection violente d'une troisième planète du système, au début de sa formation. "L'évolution primitive de notre système solaire a été dominée par le mouvement et l'attraction de nos géantes gazeuses", a ajouté Balmer. Ils ont balancé des astéroïdes et réorganisé d'autres planètes, conséquences d'une scène de crime planétaire plus violente. Cela nous rappelle que quelque chose de similaire aurait pu se produire dans notre propre système solaire et que le sort de petites planètes comme la Terre est souvent dicté par des forces bien plus importantes".
Description de l'image
L'exoplanète 14 Herculis c est ici principalement noire, avec de très faibles taches rouges au centre. Dans le cercle noir se trouve un symbole représentant une étoile réelle bloquant la lumière de l'étoile hôte. En bas à droite du cercle orange vif et flou se trouve l'exoplanète 14 Herculis c (cf. NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI, William Balmer JHU, Daniella Bardalez Gagliuffi Amherst College).
Pour situer l'éxoplanète 14 Herculis c (Weeb-NIRCam) dans la constellation d'Hercule (Hercules) :