View allAll Photos Tagged vibernum
Weather improved when I was leaving the marshes although Hakuba mountains were still hidden by clouds.
The red foliage consists of Nanakamado (Japanese rowan, Sorbus commixta), Sarasa-doudan (Enkianthus campanulatus) and Ookamenoki (forked vibernum, Viburnum furcatum) while the yellow one is mostly of Minekaede (butterfly maple, Acer tschonoskii).
The red shrub in front would be Sarasa-doudan, a species in the heather family (Ericaceae).
For my "One of a kind" flower images project.
This bush can be seen from my Livingroom window :-)
Although often called "highbush cranberry", it is not a cranberry. The name comes from the red fruits which look superficially like cranberries, and have a similar flavor and ripen at the same time of year. After removing the large seeds, the fruits, sour and rich in vitamin C, can be eaten raw or cooked into a sauce to serve with meat or game.
Pests and diseases
The larvae and adults of the Viburnum leaf beetle feed on the leaves and may completely defoliate the plant, and repeated damage can kill it.
The tree in the centre is Mizunara (Japanese oak, Quercus crispula). It is a dominant plant species in the northern half of Japanese archipelago.
Rampant undergrowth and bush consist of diverse plants including vibernum and maple.
There is some afforestation of Japanese cedar (a cypress species) in the back.
White trunk trees are probably Shirakaba (Japanese white birch, Betula platyphylla), which is in the same genus as Dekekanba (Betula ermanii) but grows at lower altitudes.
About 8mm long and decimating a Vibernum.....
They seem to have 3 pairs of legs at the front - but difficult to be sure even with a magnifying glass.
Possibly larvae of the Viburnum beetle.
1/100 flowers 2023
This is the only flower in our garden at the moment, but I cut it to bring inside to photograph as it is so breezy with very little good light just now. Last year I was very strict with myself in collecting my 100 photos of flowers and making sure that each flower photo was taken in situ. This year I have decided to be kinder to myself and am allowing cut flowers too.
I posted a bunch of photos today since my pro account is still active. They're in no particular order. This one is definitely not the best; I should have put it in the middle of all my uploads.
Spotted this little coal tit sitting for quite some time in the vibernum I guess something had stunned it. It stayed put for about half hour then hapily flew up onto the feeder then off again! ;0)
Some of the beautiful flowers blooming in the garden. All taken this morning. Have a great day and weekend you wonderful folks out there. For the Looking close on friday theme 'Collage in Square Photo'
lit up the inside of this flower (snowball vibernum) with a color changing LED light. 8 photos combined.
"Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness" ... John Keats' lovely poem "To Autumn" inspired my title. These are the berries of the Guelder Rose (Vibernum opulus) - and I found this tree growing in a woodland in the Lake District in early September. The berries look very tempting - but can only be eaten in very small quantities, and they have a very acidic taste. They can be used to make jelly. Raw, they're very mildly toxic, and may cause vomiting or diarrhoea if eaten in large amounts. Birds like them and suffer no ill-effects, and they spread the seeds from their droppings.
Please don't add your own images or links to comments on my photographs - I find it impolite and would never do the same to you. Thank you.
An experiment in which I used the infrared effect then inverted the image, then added gradient fill, difference cloud and saturated the red hues
Best viewed large and on black
I don't know what he's been sticking his face in, but he seemed happy enough, buzzing around the vibernum.
7DWF - Wednesday:macro
I think the flower this monarch is feeding on is part of the vibernum family but I'm not 100% sure. Bet someone out there in flickerland will be able to put me right :) HPPT!
Thanks to Roberta for correcting me on the flower & identifying it as Penta.
The photo contains a small portion of the Palas Valley project which is visible from the KKH. To check out more detailed information and see more photos do click the website below!
Types of Palas Forest:-
The forests according to the species composition can be classified as below:
Broadleaved Forests
These forests occur in scattered patches from 3,500 to 6,000 feet elevation. The canopy is broken by cultivated fields on moderate slopes and nullahs. On northern aspects these forests occupy an altitudinal range up to 5,000 feet merging into dry sub-tropical forests below and coniferous forests in he upper reaches. The principal species are xerophytic evergreen Oak Quercus baloot, associated by Deodar Cedrus deodara, Olive Olea cuspidata, Acacia Acacia modesta Gurgura Monotheca buxifolia, Pomegranate Pumica granatum, Adhatoda vassica, Zizyphus nummularia and Amlok Diospyros lotous
Undergrowth is generally by Daphane oleoides, Berberis lycium, Dodonea viscosa and various types of grasses. Regeneration of oak is unsatisfactory due to unrestricted felling, loping and browsing of trees.
Blue pine Forests
Blue Pine is the dominant species on North-Western aspects of Kolai and Batera forests at an altitude ranging from 5500 to 9000 feet. Pine forests are subjected to heavy felling and encroachment for cultivation. The slopes are generally moderate with deep soil. On cooler aspects at higher altitudes, Fir and Spruce get mixed with Pine. The crop is mostly middle-aged although all age classes are found.
The broadleaved associates are Aesculus indica, Quercus ilex, Acer caesium, Jugluns regia and Prunus padus. Undergrowth consists of Vibernum nervosum, Berberis lycium, lndigofera spp., Cotoneaster bacillaris, Lonicera spp, Rossa spp. and Parrotia jacquemontiana.
Regeneration of Blue Pine in remote areas is satisfactory while in areas adjoining to habitations it is scanty or absent due to illicit cuttings and heavy grazing pressure.
Fir/Spruce Forests
The forests occupy few compartments in Bela/Kolai and most of the area in Musha’ga at an altitude varying from 7,000 to 10,500 feet. Fir is the dominant species and tends to purity on Northern aspects at higher altitudes. Scattered Blue Pine trees are found at higher altitudes. The crop is generally mature to over-mature lacking young age classes. The forests are in the form of patches separated by nullahs. Considerable damage to crop is caused due to snow creeping and avalanches. Dry standing trees are not uncommon.
Regeneration of fir is inadequate, which may be attributed to the thick layer of litter and non-manipulation of the crop canopy. Many fir saplings die due to constant overhead shade. Spruce regeneration comes vigorously on favourable sites.
The major associates are Birch Betula utilis, Walnut Jugluns regia Oak Quercus sp., Maple Acer caesium), Horse chestnut Aesculus indica, Bird Cherry Prunus padus, Amlok Diospryus lotous and Populus cilata. Undergrowth consists of Vibernum spp., Parrotopsis sp. Rosa sp. and Prunus sp.
Mixed Coniferous
Spruce, Fir and Blue Pine
The forests are composed of varying mixture of some or all the four major species depending upon aspect and altitude. These forests occur mostly in Sheryal and Musha’ga valleys. The exposed southern aspects contain a mixture of Blue Pine/Deodar in lower reaches and Blue Pine/Spruce on higher altitudes. Northern aspects are covered by Fir and Spruce with Deodar at lower elevations due to local variation of aspect and Pine at higher altitudes. The canopy is broken by nullahs and large patches of broadleaves. Fir and Spruce trees are mostly mature to over-mature. Blue Pine in upper and reaches is in stunted form and over-mature. The forests occupy an elevation zone ranging from 1,820 to 2,880 meters. Regeneration of Fir and Spruce is hampered either due to thick humus layer and profuse growth of shrubs or heavy grazing pressure. Blue Pine regeneration is profuse on favourable sites and is the coloniser species on sites where Fir and Spruce have been removed. Deodar regeneration is inadequate and found on southern aspects in lower reaches only.
Walnut Juglans regia, Oak Quercus sp., Maple Acer caesium, Horse Chestnut Aesculus indica, Bird Cherry Prunus padus, Amlok Diospryus lotous, Popular Poplus celiata, Birch Betula utilis, Parrotia Parratopsis iacouemontiana and Yew Taxus baccata are major associates.
Predominantly undergrowth, according to order of occurrence, comprises of Vibernum nervosum, Indigofera sp. Rosa sp. Berberis lycium, Artimisia maritima, and Cotoneaster bacillaris.
Deciduous Forests
Sub-tropical broad-leaved deciduous forest is found at lower elevation along the Indus river and lower reaches of Palas valley. The main species includes Acacia modesta, Olea ferruginea, Zizyphus sativa, and Quercuss baloot. Scattered trees of Fraxinus can also been seen at bottom of the valley.
Alpine
Alpine pastures occupy an elevation zone from 11,000 to 14,000 feet. The pastures extend over large areas and make watershed ridge with Kaghan and Allai valleys in the east and south, respectively. The biggest alpine pasture is Chor nullah, which is best known for its luxuriant grass growth
Sub-alpine
This type is found above mixed forests of Fir/Spruce and Blue Pine in Musha’ga, Kolai and Kunsher Sub Valleys from 3333 to 3490 meters elevation. The main species is Birch Betula utilis. The associate shrubs are Salix sp, Juniperus sp., Rosa webbiana, Prunus spp. Rhamnus spp., Ephedra geradiana and Rhododendron sp. The plants utilize water from glaciated peaks. Growth is slow and plants in stunted form due to high altitude, severe cold and short growth season. The bushy trees are hacked by nomads in summer for firewood.
Bird Life
The Western Tragopan belongs to one of five species in its genus that collectively span a range across the Himalayan chain to Eastern China. As the name suggests the Western Tragopan is most westerly in distribution, occurring in Pakistan, North-west India and possibly the extreme South-west of Tibet (Ali and Ripley 1987, Roberts 1991, de Schauensee 1984).
Being classified as a species that is ‘vulnerable to extinction’ (McGowan, P, Garson, P, 1995, Collar et al (1994). Reasons for its decline are suspected to be forest degradation and complete loss of forest habitat, as well as hunting and trapping. The species has not been kept successfully in captivity in the recent past with only one documented breeding of a single male in Sarahan pheasantry, Himachal Pradesh, India.
The Western Tragopan
The Western Tragopan is confined to relatively undisturbed areas of the West Himalayan temperate forest in northern Pakistan and North-West India. Forest loss and degradation resulting from excessive, livestock grazing and the collection of fodder and firewood, together with timber harvesting and the subsequent conversion of land for agriculture, continues to reduce and fragment its range.
Birds to Watch 2 and the World Pheasant Association/ BirdLife/IUCN Pheasant Specialist Group (IUCN 1995) both list the species as “vulnerable” according to IUCN criteria (i.e. facing extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future). While the latter publication estimates the total population of Western Tragopans to be about 5000 individuals.
A more recent and detailed assessment of the species status co-authored by the Chairman of the Pheasant Specialist Group (Garson et al., in prep,) is expected to revise this population estimate downward. Surveys of the Palas Valley between 1989 and 1995 have estimated a population of 325 breeding pairs, and there are presumably additional non-breeding individuals present.
Density and Distribution of WesternTragopan in Bar Palas
Previous surveys have recorded tragopans in summer, from Muro nullah to Muchaki in varying densities. The distribution boundaries of its range in Palas still have to be determined. Studies have shown that tragopans also breed on the south facing bank ,but again, more surveys are needed to confirm the distribution.
Western Tragopan Habitat
Winter distribution has been recorded from Pharogha nullah to west of Karoser. Varying densities have been recorded between these limits and surveys are still needed to confirm the winter limits
An average density of 0.0043 calling birds/are indicates a relatively good population and in Kubkot alone the team estimated that 100 - 150 birds may be present.
Taking into account the available amount of forest that could potentially hold Tragopans, a very conservative figure of 300 breeding pairs can be suggested.
ANASIFORMES
1-Common Teal Anas crecca (Observed once in 1994 in the valley)
2-Mallard Anas plantrhynchos (Observed in 1995 flying along the Musha'ga River)
ACCIPITRIDAE
3-Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus (Common in the valley, descending to lower altitudes in winter)
4-Himalayan Griffon Gyps himalayensis (Probably the most common vulture species in the valley. Observed through out the Palas valley)
5-Eurasian Griffon Gyps fulvus (Observed once in 1995, thought to be an occasional visitor)
6- Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis (Occasionally observed and known as a winter visitor to Pakistan.)
7-Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus (Commonly observed in the valley)
8-Indian Sparrowhawk Accipiter badius (Commonly observed in the valley)
9-Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus (Commonly observed in the valley and during most bird surveys)
10-Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus (Frequently observed throughout the valley)
11-Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos (Quite a common eagle, perhaps the most common eagle species observed during winter surveys.)
FALCONIDAE
12-Peregrine falcon Falco perireinus (Observed once during a pheasant survey, flying over Karoser village and once in January 1996. Winter visitor to Pakistan.)
13-Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus (Commonly observed through out the valley)
14-Merlin Falco columbarius (Occasionally observed in the valley, only once recorded during a winter survey.)
15-Northern Hobby (Falco subbuteo Occasionally observed in the Palas valley)
PHASIANDAE
16-Himalayan Snowcock Tetraogallus himalayensis (Quite a common bird though not frequently observed. )
17-Chukar Alectoris chukar (Frequently observed and often recorded in large number in winter)
18-Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus (Western Himalayan Endemic and the largest population is thought to be found in Palas (refer to relevant chapter))
19-Himalayan Monal Lophophorus impejanus (A Common galliforme in the valley, found near the tree line in summer and in mixed flocks with other pheasant species in winter. Though classified as rare in Pakistan (Roberts), it is common in Palas valley. )
20-Koklas pheasant Pucrasia macrolopha (Probably the most common game bird in the valley though Monal are also found in large numbers)
RECURVIROSTRIDAE
21-Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantpous (Very occasionally observed on Musha'ga River)
SCOLOPACINAE
2-Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola( Recorded in summer, presumed to be breeding and often males have been observed roding in adjoining areas. No winter observation. Thought to be rare in Pakistan (Roberts))
23-Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucis (Occasionally observed during surveys)
COLUMBIDAE
24-Snow Pigeon Columba leuconota (Observed in summer and winter though not particularly common. Probably more frequently found at higher elevations.)
25-Wood Pigeon Columba palumbas (Observed in large flocks during winter, occasionally observed in summer.)
26-Speckled Wood-pigeon Columba hodgsonii (Occasional observed and perhaps a breeding bird on the valley. Classified as a rare visitor and perhaps on the limit of its distribution in Palas.)
27-Oriental Turtle-Dove Streptopelia orientatlis (Commonly observed during summer at forested areas)
28-Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis (Occasionally observed in summer)
PSITTACIDAE
29-Slaty-headed Parakeet Psittacula himalayana (Commonly recorded at lower elevations of the valley, probably a breeding bird in the valley. Absent in winter)
CUCULIDAE
30-Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus (Heard and observed frequently, breeding in summer. Common up to the tree-line)
31-Himalayan Cuckoo Cuculus saturatus (Less common than C.canorus but regularly recorded in summer. Breeding in Palas.)
32-Small Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus (Commonly recorded in Palas in summer)
STRIGIDAE
33-Collared Pygmy Owl Glaucidium brodiei (Occasionally recorded in wooded areas in summer. Status unknown in winter).
34- Asian Barred Owlet Glaucidium cuculoides (Status uncertain)
35-Tawny Owl Strix aluco (Summer and winter resident of the valley. Various morphs noticed within the valley).
36-Eurasian Scops Owl (Recorded very rarely during the surveys)
37-Long Eared Owl Asio otus (Occasional recorded during bird surveys, especially at higher elevation in summer)
38-Northern Eagle Owl Bubo bubo (Once recorded near Karat in 1996 at night)
APODIDAE
39-White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus (Observed during summer only, usually at high altitudes or on the road into Bar Palas).
40-Little Swift Apus affinis (Commonly observed in summer).
41-Common Swift Apus apus (Commonly observed in summer)
42-Alpine Swift Apus affinis (Commonly observed in summer)
ALCEDINIDAE
43-Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis (Occasionally recorded in the valley)
44-Crested Kingfisher Megaceryle lugubris (Occasionally observed on the Musha'ga River)
CORACIIDAE
45-Roller species Coracias sp (Usually observed on the road into Bar Palas only in summer).
UPUPIDAE
46-Hoopoe Upupa epops (Observed outside winter season and usually at lower elevation, often near cultivated lands).
PICIDAE
47-Wryneck Jynx torquilla (Frequently observed in the valley, probably a breeding resident)
48-Speckled Piculet Picummus innominatus (Rarely recorded during surveys but observed breeding in the valley)
49-Himalayan Pied Woodpecker Dendrocopos himalayensis (The most common woodpecker in Palas)
50-Brown-fronted Woodpecker Dendrocopos auriceps (Uncommon, recorded occasionally only).
51-Slaty-bellied Woodpecker Picus squaamatus (Frequently recorded, winter and summer resident in the valley).
HIRUNDINDAE
52-Sand Martin Riparia riparia (Occasionally recorded during summer. Uncommon).
53-Eurasian Crag Martin Hirundo rupestris (Mainly a summer visitor but rarely encountered).
54-Asian House Martin Delichon dasypus (Summer visitor and common throughout the valley).
55-Northern House Martin Delichon urbical (Summer visitors though not supposed to be breeding (Roberts))
MOTACILLIDAE
56-Rosy Pipit Anthus roseatus (Frequently recorded in summer, usually above the tree-line and on pasture areas).
57-Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis (Not as common as A.roseatus but regularly recorded during surveys).
58-Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citerea (Fairly common in summer).
59-Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea (Commonly recorded during summer up to high altitudes, occasionally observed in winter also).
60-White Wagtail Motacilla alba (Recorded regularly in summer at lower altitudes (along the Musha'ga)).
CAMPEPHAIDAE
61-Long-tailed Minivet Pericrocotus ethologus (Commonly observed as a summer visitor, presumed breeding).
PYCNONOTIDAE
62-Himalayan Bulbul Pycnonotus leucoenys (Regularly encountered throughput the year in lower reached of Palas).
63-Black Bulbul Hypsipetes leucocephlaus (Quite common throughout the year).
CINCLIDAE
64-Brown Dipper Cinclus pallasii (Commonly observed, especially in winter. Observed in summer at higher altitudes).
TROGLODYTIDAE
65-Northern Wren Troglodytes troglodytes (Commonly observed. Winter and summer resident)
PRUNELLIDAE
66-Rufous-breasted Accentor Prunella strophiata (Commonly observed in summer only)
67-Rufous-streaked Accentor Prunella himalaya (Observed usually only in winter though could possible be a summer breeder)
68-Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris (Quite common as a summer visitor).
69-Black-throated Accentor Prunella atrogularis (Rarely recorded in Palas valley, the only recording taken from Kot).
TURDINAE
70-White-tailed Rubythroat Luscinia pectoralis (Occasionally recorded, usually at higher altitudes. Not common nut regularly recorded none the less).
71-Indian Blue Robin Erithacus brunneus (Commonly recorded during the summer, its conspicuous call heard daily during summer).
72-Orange-flanked Bush-robin Tarsiger cyanurus Commonly recorded during summer and occasionally during winter. Breeding resident).
73-Eversmann's Redstart Phoenicurus erythronoya (One recode from Kot in 1996. Winter visitor to Pakistan (Roberts))
74-Blue-capped Redstart Phoenicurus caeruleocephalus (Commonly recorded breeding resident).
75-Blue-fronted Redstart Phoenicurus frontalis (Summer visitor and presumed to be a breeding bird).
76-Plumbeous Redstart Phoenicurus fuliginosus (A common to abundant breeding bird. Resident throughout the year though found at much lower elevations in winter and in lower densities).
77-White-bellied Redstart Hodsonius phoenicuroides (Very occasionally observed during surveys. Classified as rare in Pakistan (Roberts))
78-White-capped Redstart Chaimarroornis leucocephalus (Common along water bodies, also resident in winter but at lower densities).
79-Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maura (Fairly common during summer. Often observed nesting around habitations and in pasture areas).
80-Pied Bush-chat Saxicola caprata (Commonly observed in summer in most areas on Palas).
81-Dark-grey bush-chat Saxicola ferrea (Commonly observed in summer, usually above 2000mASL)
82-Scaly Thrush Zoothera dauma (Not common but regularly observed during summer surveys in Palas).
83-Blue-capped Rock Thrush Monticola cincclorhyncha (Recorded regularly and summer breeder in Palas)
84-Chestnut-bellied Rock Thrush Monticola rufiventris (Unconfirmed but expected)
85-Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius (Common summer resident of Palas).
86-Blue Whistling Thrush Myiophoneus caeruleus (Regularly recorded during all surveys)
87-Grey-winged Blackbird Turdus boulboul (Unconfirmed but expected)
88-Chestnut Thrush Turdus rubrocanus (Resident breeder, recorded frequently in most of the surveys)
89-Dark-throated Thrush Turdus ruficollis (Observed in winter only. Possible summer breeder)
90-Himalayan Blackbird Turdus merula maximus (Occasionally observed at higher altitudes in forest such as Kubkot and Diwan. Uncommon but resident)
91-Mistle Thrush Turdus visivorus (Fairly common in spring at high altitudes).
ENICURINAE
92-Little Forktail Enicurus scouleri (Seems to be more common that E.maculatus and quite common in summer and commonly recorded along the Musha'ga in winter).
93-Spotted Forktail Enicurus maculatus (Observed very occasionally in summer).
SYLVIIDAE
94-Brown-flanked Bush Warbler Cettia fortipes (Summer visitor and commonly recorded during all summer surveys)
95-Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca (Observed at lower elevations)
96-Grey-headed Flycatcher-warbler Seicercus xanthoschistos (Resident and quite common at lower reached of the valley especially in Quercus habitat).
97-Western-crowned warbler Phylloscopus occipitalis (Common and resident
98-Tytler's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus tytleri (One of the eight endemic birds to western Himalayas. Recorded frequently during most summer surveys though reasonably habitat specific)
99-Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides (Fairly common in Palas though its' breeding status is unclear).
100-Lemon-rumped Warbler Phyllosopus chloronatus (Commonly observed during summer. Breeding resident).
101-Inornate Leaf Warbler Phyllosopus inornatus (Summer visitor)
102-Brooks Leaf Warbler Phyllosopus subviridis (Endemic. Fairly common though restricted to certain areas)
103-Tickells's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus affinis (Summer visitor. Only occasionally observed in the valley)
104-Large-billed Leaf Warbler Phylloscpopus magnirostris (Summer visitor and quite common along side tributaries of Palas)
105-Goldcrest Regulus regulus (Common resident in the valley)
MUSCICAPIDAE
106-Beautiful Niltava Niltava sundara (Uncommon. Recorded in 1992 and 2002. thought to be the most western distribution of this species).
107-Verditer Flycatcher Muscicapa thalassina (Frequently observed in the valley, presumed breeding)
108-Rufous-tailed Flycatcher Muscicapa ruficauda (Summer visitor to the valley and fairly common)
109-Dark-sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica (Summer visitor. Commonly recorded at high altitudes)
110-Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata (Occasionally observed in summer only)
111-Slaty Blue Flycather Ficedula tricolor (Summer visitor and commonly observed during most of the spring surveys)
112-Ultramarine Flycatcher Ficedula superciliaris (Summer visitor, frequently recorded).
113-Grey-headed Flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis (Summer visitor and quite common)
MONARCHIDAE
114-Asian Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi (Often recorded along the valley bottom in summer. Presumably breeding. Not common but frequently observed).
TIMALIIDAE
115-Variegated Laughing-thrush Garrulax variegatus (Common and resident. Can be observed at lower elevations during winter)
116-Streaked Laughing Thrush Garrulax lineatus (Resident and common in the valley).
117-Green Shrike-Babbler Pteruthius xantholchlorus (Observed only one in the valley)
118-Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula
AEGITHALIDAE
119-White throated Tit Aegithalos niveoularis (Endemic. Resident but not as common as A. leucogenys)
120-White-cheeked Tit Aegithalos leucogenys (Endemic. Resident and fairly common in the valley)
121-Black-throated Tit Aegithalos concinnus (Occasionally observed and its status is uncertain)
PARIDAE
122-Black Crested Tit Parus rufonuchalis (Resident and common)
123-Spot-winged Black Tit Parus melanolophus (Resident and common)
124-Grey Tit Parus (major Resident and frequently observed during surveys)
125-Green-backed Tit Parus monticolus (Resident. Regularly recorded on all surveys)
SITTIDAE
126-White-cheeked Nuthatch Sitta leucopsis (Probably the most common nuthatch found in the valley. Breeding resident).
127-Kashmir Nuthatch Sitta europaea cashmirensis (One of the eight endemics found in Palas. Commonly observed in summer and winter).
TICHODROMADIDAE
128-Wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria (Commonly observed at lower elevation in winter. Not thought to be resident during summer).
CERTHIIDAE
129-Himalayan Tree Creeper Certhia himalayana (Commonly observed during summer and winter).
130-Eurasian Tree-creeper Certhia familiaris (Uncommon)
REMIZIDAE
131-Fire-capped Tit Cephalopyrus flammiceps (Summer visitor but observed frequently in the valley during spring and summer surveys)
ORIOLIDAE
132-Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus (Summer visitor. Regularly recorded during spring surveys)
LANIIDAE
133-Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach (Summer visitor. Small numbers recorded during most spring surveys)
DICRURIDAE
134-Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus (Summer visitor to the valley)
CORVIDAE
135-Lanceolated Jay Garrulus lanceolatus (Commonly recorded at lower elevations. Both winter and summer resident)
136-Yellow-billed Blue Magpie Urocissa flavirostris (Breeding in the valley though probably migrate to lower regions in winter)
137-Spotted Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes (Resident in the valley).
138-Yellow-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax graculus (Resident in the valley).
139-Red-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax (Occasionally recorded in the valley)
140-Large-billed Crow Corvus macrorhynchos (Common to abundant in the valley throughout winter and summer).
141-Common Raven Corvus corax (Very occasional visitor to Palas)
STURNIDAE
142-Common Myna Acridotheres tristis (Records of this bird are increasing and this species seems to be migrating to areas such as the watershed of Sherakot and Bar Paro).
143-Brahminy Myna Sturnus pagodarum (Recorded from Badakot and alos observed breeding at Pattan town)
144-Common Startling Sturnus vulgaris (One bird recorded in 1996).
PASSERIDAE
145-House Sparrow Passer domesticus (Observed in Kuz Palas, usually on the road entering Bar Palas)
146-Russet Sparrow Passer rutilans (Quite common though only recorded during summer).
ESTRILDIDAE
147-Red Adadavat Amandava amandava (Very occasional visitor to Palas)
148-Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata (Very occasional visitor to Palas)
CARDUELINAE
149-Spectacled Rosefinch Callacanthis burtoni (Endemic and quite frequently recorded in summer, especially on the borders of sub-alpine areas).
150-Himalayan Greenfinch Carduelis spinoides (Commonly observed in summer where it is a breeding resident, becoming abundant in areas).
151-Eurasian Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis (Occasionally recorded as a summer visitor and presumed breeding bird in the valley)
152-Plain Mountain Finch Leucosticte nemoricola (Resident and quite commonly observed through out the year. Observed at high altitudes during spring and summer)
153-Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus (Fairly common resident in the valley)
154-Pink-browed Rosefinch Carpodacus rhodochros (Resident and breeding in the valley)
155-White-browed Rosefinch Carpodacus thura (Resident in Pakistan but only winter visitor to Palas Valley)
156-Black and Yellow Grosbeak Mycerobas icterioides (The most common Grosbeak recorded in the valley, occasionally observed as a winter resident as well as breeding in the valley).
157-White-winged Grosbeak Mycerobas carnipes (Occasionally observed, usually near high altitude hamlets)
158-Orange Bullfinch Pyrrhula aurantiaca (Endemic to western Himalayas. Breeding resident).
159-Fire-fronted Serin Serinus pusillus (Observed once in the valley)
EMBERIZIDAE
160-Rock Bunting Emberiza cia (Common resident)
Mammals
Palas also contains many rare and/or threatened mammal species of the western Himalaya, including the Kashmir Grey Langur, Brown Bear, Black Bear, Wolf, Snow leopard, Common Leopard, Leopard Cat, Musk Deer and Markhor.
Many other species occur in abundance, including: rhesus macaque Red Fox, Jackal, Himalayan Ibex, Grey Goral, Stone Marten, Yellow-throated Pine-marten, Stoat, White-footed weasel, Weasel, Small Kashmir Flying Squirrel, Giant-red Flying-squirrel, Royle’s Pika, Indian crested porcupine, long-tailed marmot, Black Rat, Turkestan Rat, House Mouse, Wood Mouse, Birch Mouse, Burrowing Vole and Shrew, Vole and at least two species of bat Pipistrellus.
LIST OF MAMMAL SPECIES RECORDED IN PALAS VALLEY
1 Himalayan Rhesus Macaque Macacca villosa
2 Grey Languor Presbytis entellus
3 Himalayan Black Bear Selanarctois thibetanus
4 Small Kashmir Flying Squirrel
5 Giant-red Flying-squirrel Petaurisa petaurisa
6 Royle's Pika Ochotona roylei
7 Red Fox Vulpes vulpes
8 Jackal Canis Aurea
9 Common leopard Panthera pardus
10 Leopard Cat Felis bengalensis
11 Jungle Cat Felix chaus
12 Yellow-throated Pine-marten Martes flavigula
13 Stone Marten Martes foina
14 Musk Deer Moschus crysogaster
15 Grey Goral Naemorhedus goral
16 Stoat Mustela erminea
17 White-footed weasel Altai Hylopetes
18 Weasel Mustea altaica
19 Black Rat Ratus ratus
20 Indian crested porcupine Hystrix indica
21 Turkestan Rat Rattus turkestanicus
22 House Mouse Mus musculus
23 Wood Mouse Apodemus sylvaticus
24 Birch Mouse Sicita concolor
25 Burrowing Vole Hyperacrius fertilis
26 Shrew Crocidura guldenstadtii
27 Vole Alticola roylei
28 Long-tailed marmot Marmota caudate
29 2 Pipistrelle species Pipistrellus sp