Vapour trails
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A shot from this mornings mooch around Felixstowe, I even remembered to check the tide table BEFORE I left the house this time...!!!
29-08-2016 | Published in the 'Daily Dozen' in the online version of National Geographic.
19th September 2015 - Eurofighter Typhoon FGR4 ZK320 (BR) painting rainbows in the sky at the annual Southport Airshow
Why spider webs glisten with dew
Two driving forces acting on wet spider silk help it to capture water.
Janet Fang
spiderweb
The spider's web captures a string of dewy pearls.Janet Fang
Researchers have puzzled out how spider silk is able to catch the morning dew. Their findings may lead to the development of new materials that are able to capture water from the air.
The study, published today in Nature1, examines the silk of the hackled orbweaver spider Uloborus walckenaerius. "Bright, pearl-like water drops hang on thin spider silk in the morning after fogging," says study author Lei Jiang from the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences. "It is unexpected and interesting. Human hair can't do that."
Dry spider silk forms a necklace-like structure. Two main fibres support a series of separate rounded 'puffs', each made up of tiny, randomly intertwined nanofibrils. When water vapour condenses onto these puffs, they shrink into densely packed knots, shaped like spindles (or two cones with their bases stuck together). Thinner connecting stretches of nanofibrils, separating the knots, become more apparent; these areas are called 'joints'.
The researchers studied the webs under both electron and light microscopes. They noticed that as water condenses on the web, droplets move towards the nearest spindle-knot, where they coalesce to form larger drops.
The spindle-knots have a rough surface, because the fibrils within them are randomly interweaved. But the joints between the knots have a smooth texture, because their constituent fibrils run parallel to each other. It is this difference in roughness that helps water drops to slide towards the spindle-knots, sticking when they arrive.
The cone shape of the spindle-knots also drives droplets towards their centre. Once they hit the edge of a cone, drops are propelled towards its base, the least curved region, because of the pressure difference caused by surface tension.
Mimicking nature
Guided by their findings, the team made their own artificial spider silk using nylon fibres dipped in a polymer solution that, when dried, formed spindle-knots similar to those in natural spider silk. They anticipate that their studies of these fibres could lead to new materials for collecting water from the air.
"It is impressive that they were able to produce an analogue of wetted [spider] thread that duplicated the properties that they observed," says spider silk expert Brent Opell of Virginia Tech in Blacksburg.
But it doesn't seem likely that natural selection has directed the evolution of this particular spider's silk for water collection, he adds. The spider's thread seems to have evolved to work best when it is dr
La rosada s'observa de matinada, amb nits serenes i encalmades, tot i que no és estrany veure-la tot just després del crepuscle. És més freqüent en llocs baixos i plans que en els cims de les muntanyes. La major part dels dies, quan surt el sol, el terra s'escalfa i les gotes d'aigua desapareixen rà pidament en evaporar-se. Quan l'observador disposa d'instrumental de mesura homologat i en bon estat de funcionament, pot constatar com un augment de la humitat absoluta i/o un descens de la temperatura en la capa d'aire més propera a terra són condicions necessà ries per a la formació de la rosada. Cal insistir que la rosada no és un tipus de precipitació des d'un núvol. La rosada va associada a humitats relatives altes, habitualment superiors al 80%.[1]
Degut a la seva dependència del balanç de radiació, les quantitat de radiació poden arribar a un mà xim teòric de 0,8 mm per nit, tanmateix, rarament excedeixen de 0,5 mm. i de 40 a 50 mm per any.[2] A la majoria dels climes del món la quantitat de rosada és massa petita per competir amb la pluja. En regions amb estació seca considerable plantes adaptades com els lÃquens o les plà nules de pins es beneficien de la rosada. A gran escala regar sense pluja a llocs com el desert d'Atacama o el Namib es fan capturant la boira no pas la rosada.
Un aparell clà ssic de mesurar la rosada és el drosòmetre encara que només proporciona el potencial de formació de rosades. Per a mesurar la quantitat real de rosada es fan servir petits lisÃmetres o altres mètodes.
A larger caterpillar (on the same acer) than I posted the other day. The smaller one is still there and survived yesterday's deluge. I Think this one has a little more detail. Should repay viewing large if you have the time.
I took this shot on the way to our cottage in the country here in Germany. The car was moving quite fast at the time and I took lots of shots with my iPhone through the window of the car… luckily I found this one amongst them!!
As I was sitting in the backyard the other evening, I noticed this vapour trail during the last ray of light and thought it would make for a great shot.
Nikon D850, Nikkor 14-24mm at 14mm, 7.6sec, f/11, ISO 64 and -3.0 EV.
NiSi S5 holder (150 x150)with cpl, Soft Nano IR GND (0.9) and 6 stop Nano IR ND64 (1,8)
Edited in Lightroom Mobile on my iPad Pro.
Taken in Lichfield, Staffordshire.
Thank you to everyone who views, faves or comments on my photos, it is always appreciated.
Contrails or vapour trails are line-shaped clouds produced by aircraft engine exhaust or changes in air pressure, typically at aircraft cruising altitudes several miles above the Earth's surface. Contrails are composed primarily of water, in the form of ice crystals...l have always been fascinated by them but never took a photo of them ..
Was certain I was never going to come across an interesting bug until I got my reward for helping to water our neighbours plants when I spied this hairy feller!
It’s a vapourer moth apparently after a bit of an image search, looks more impressive in this part of its life cycle as the moth form is less impressive. There has been a massive decline in moth and butterfly populations of late because of over use of insecticide and even light pollution issues. We’ve been trying to leave a chunk of our garden ‘wild’ at least that’s my excuse!
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An Air France Boeing 777 -228 (er) flying at 37,000 feet and travelling at 472 knots coming from Tokyo and going home to Paris , all useless information really but it does give the shot identity . Taken for the one shot a day 2023 group and just to see how the new Sig handled such a shot .
MANY THANKS FOR YOUR KIND COMMENTS AND FAVS........TAKE A LOOK AT MY PHOTOSTREAM, FOR GENERAL PHOTOS OF NATURE AND WILDLIFE
This was one of a number feeding on a ceanosis in a neighbour's garden. The adult male of the species is easily recognisable by their rich reddish brown forewings. The females are virtually wingless and are unable to fly and remain close to the papal cocoon. They are found throughout Europe, temperate Asia, Siberia and the USA. As with most hairy caterpillars, the bristles are connected to venomous glands and function as a defensive barrier to would-be predators and cause irritation to the skin. They feed on the foliage of various trees and shrubs.
It's that time of year again. It's rare for a year to go by without finding a vapourer or rusty tussock moth caterpillar in the garden. This one is on a Japanese anemone leaf.
A Vapourer Moth caterpillar taken in my back garden, Chippenham, Wiltshire, UK on the 10th August 2020.
2009. This one caused a bit of a stir when I first did it. Surprisingly simple to paint, maybe only took a couple of hours to paint. I remember Berst walking over while I was working on it and he was like "are you going to put and outline on this?" and I was like "no!" and he was like "hmmm, I dunno...". After I was finished he saw the vision and agreed it worked.