The most distant object observable with the naked eye, the Triangulum galaxy is 3 million light years away. The red regions mark emission nebulae and show the star forming regions in the galaxy.

Imaging scope: Astro-Tech 106mm Triplet

Imaging Camera: ST8300M (capture with Equinox Image)

Filters: Baader filters in FW5-8300 filter wheel

Guide scope: Astro-Tech 65 Quadruplet

Guide camera: Starfish Fishcamp (guided with PHD)

Mount: Atlas EQ-G

Calibration and processing in PixInsight.

LRGB:

L: 10x5min (1x1)

RGB: 8x5min (2x2)

HQ version here

Image credit: KPNO, NOAO, AURA, Dr. Philip Massey (Lowell Obs.) - Image processing: Davide De Martin.

While Comet Holmes is quite large (about 1° in width) it is much fainter than it was two months ago. However, Comet Tuttle is returning to the inner solar system. It's about magnitude 6 and just visible in dark skies. In light polluted city skies it is just barely visible. With a four 30-second exposures stacked and 7 dark frames subtracted I was able to tease out the faint green of Comet Tuttle.

On December 30 it will make its way toward the constellation Triangulum and come very close to the Triangulum Galaxy.

With a diameter of about 60,000 light-years, the Triangulum galaxy is the third largest member of the Local Group of galaxies. It may be a gravitationally bound companion of the Andromeda Galaxy. Triangulum may be home to 40 billion stars, compared to 400 billion for the Milky Way, and 1 trillion stars for Andromeda. The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy approximately 3 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Triangulum. It is catalogued as Messier 33 or NGC 598, and is sometimes informally referred to as the Pinwheel Galaxy, a nickname it shares with Messier 101. The Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, which includes the Milky Way, the Andromeda Galaxy and about 44 other smaller galaxies. It is one of the most distant permanent objects that can be viewed with the naked eye.

The galaxy is the smallest spiral galaxy in the Local Group and it is believed to be a satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy due to their interactions, velocities and proximity to one another in the night sky.00 billion for the Milky Way, and 1 trillion stars for Andromeda.

The disk of Triangulum has an estimated mass of (3-6) × 109 solar masses, while the gas component is about 3.2 × 109 solar masses. Thus the combined mass of all baryonic matter in the galaxy may be 1010 solar masses. The contribution of the dark matter component out to a radius of 55×103 ly (17 kpc) is equivalent to about 5 × 1010 solar masses.[Wikipedia]

18 x 8 minute exposures at 400 ISO

7 x dark frames

9 x flat frames

21 x bias/offset frames (subtracted from flat frames only)

Guided with PHD

Processed in Nebulosity and Photoshop

Equipment

Celestron NexStar 127 SLT

GoTo AltAz mount with homemade wedge

Orion 50mm Mini Guide Scope

Edited Hubble Space Telescope image of the inner part of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33). Color/processing variant.

This is a huge image...

Image source: hubblesite.org/image/4305/gallery

Original caption: NASA's Hubble Space Telescope brings the vastness of space into perspective in this mosaic image of the Triangulum galaxy (M33), our neighbor in a collection of dozens of galaxies called the Local Group.

The unprecedentedly detailed portrait of Triangulum is composed of 54 Hubble fields of view stitched together, revealing nearly 25 million individually resolved stars. The borders of individual Hubble images trace the jagged edge of the mosaic, which spans 19,400 light-years across. Striking areas of star birth glow bright blue throughout the galaxy, particularly in beautiful nebulas of hot, ionized hydrogen gas like star-forming region NGC 604 in the upper left.

Triangulum is oriented with its face toward us, ideal for studying the distribution of stars and gas in its well-defined spiral structure. While astronomers are still delving into the immense trove of data collected by Hubble, a few characteristics stand out immediately, inviting key comparisons and contrasts with our own Milky Way galaxy and the third large spiral in the Local Group, the Andromeda galaxy.

"My first impression on seeing the Hubble images was, wow, that really is a lot of star formation," said astronomer Julianne Dalcanton of the University of Washington in Seattle, who led the project. "The star formation rate intensity is 10 times higher than the area surveyed in the Andromeda galaxy in 2015."

Astronomers think that Triangulum has been an introvert, avoiding disruptive interactions with other galaxies, instead spending the eons tending its well-ordered spiral and turning out new generations of stars. Further research may determine if Triangulum is actually a newer member of the Local Group of galaxies, and perhaps its quiet days will soon be over.

This mosaic was created from images taken by Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys between February 2017 and February 2018.

The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency). NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope. The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated for NASA by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy in Washington, D.C.

M33 / NGC 598 / 風車星系 或 三角座大星系

Mounts：Sky-Watcher Star Adventure-GTI

Smart WiFi controller：ZWO ASIAIR mini

Guiding Cameras：ZWO ASI120mm

Guide Scope：SVBONY SV165 30F4

Camera：Sony ZV-E10 without filter,no modification.

Telescope：William Optics Zenithstar 61II APO with FLAT 61A

Filter：Optolong L-Quad Enhance Filter

Software：SiRiL,Adobe photoshop,Topaz DeNoiseAI,StarNetGUI

Lights：SO3200 180s x 37p

Darks ：SO3200 180s x 20p

Flats ： 20p

Biases： 7p

Much improved from my Canon 40D image of this galaxy from last year. Beyond the better color post-processing and the visibility of the hydrogen alpha regions, the image is sharper and shows far more fine detail. This despite nearly the same integration time (220 minutes vs. 190). The QHY8 really does make a difference.

22 x 10 minutes (out of 39, ouch)

1000mm @ f/4.9

Camera: QHY8

Filter: IDAS LP2

Baader coma corrector

The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy 2.73 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Triangulum. It is known as Messier 33 or NGC 598.

I obtained almost 6 hours of data over three separate sessions with my William Optics FLT91 + 1.0x flattener, ZWO ASI2600MC Pro camera and ZWO AM5 mount.

In the first two sessions I used the Optolong L-Pro broadband filter to get a broader spectrum of light. This resulted in the image here: flic.kr/p/2p2k291

In the last session I used the Optolong L-Ultimate to get narrowband Ha data. I extracted the RGB channels on both broadband and narrowband, and recombined into LRGB in PixInsight using the Red (Ha) channel from the narrowband session. This highlights the Ha/Red parts of this galaxy much more.

More acquisition details here: astrob.in/50ch11/D/

With a diameter of about 60,000 light-years, the Triangulum galaxy is the third largest member of the Local Group of galaxies. It may be a gravitationally bound companion of the Andromeda Galaxy. Triangulum may be home to 40 billion stars, compared to 400 billion for the Milky Way, and 1 trillion stars for Andromeda. The Triangulum Galaxy is a spiral galaxy approximately 3 million light-years (ly) from Earth in the constellation Triangulum. It is catalogued as Messier 33 or NGC 598, and is sometimes informally referred to as the Pinwheel Galaxy, a nickname it shares with Messier 101. The Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, which includes the Milky Way, the Andromeda Galaxy and about 44 other smaller galaxies. It is one of the most distant permanent objects that can be viewed with the naked eye.

The galaxy is the smallest spiral galaxy in the Local Group and it is believed to be a satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy due to their interactions, velocities and proximity to one another in the night sky.00 billion for the Milky Way, and 1 trillion stars for Andromeda.

The disk of Triangulum has an estimated mass of (3-6) × 109 solar masses, while the gas component is about 3.2 × 109 solar masses. Thus the combined mass of all baryonic matter in the galaxy may be 1010 solar masses. The contribution of the dark matter component out to a radius of 55×103 ly (17 kpc) is equivalent to about 5 × 1010 solar masses.[Wikipedia]

10 x 8 minute exposures at 400 ISO

7 x dark frames

11 x flat frames

21 x bias/offset frames (subtracted from flat frames only)

Guided with PHD

Processed in Nebulosity and Photoshop

Equipment

Celestron NexStar 127 SLT

GoTo AltAz mount with homemade wedge

Orion 50mm Mini Guide Scope

Sometimes called the Pinwheel Galaxy (the second, after M101) but more correctly identified by the name of the constellation in which it is located (Triangulum), this galaxy may be the most distant object that can reliably be seen with the naked eye (although quite faint and difficult without optical aid).

Photographed on the morning of July 21, 2012 from a moderately dark-sky location using a 5 inch aperture, f/4.2 telescope and a Sony NEX-5N digital camera (ISO3200, a stack of eighty-two images each exposed for 30 seconds, producing a total exposure integration time of 41 minutes). Tracking for each of the 30 second exposures was performed by a Celestron CGEM mount (no manual or auto guiding, standard sidereal rate after one star polar align).

Image registration, integration, and adjustments done with PixInsight v01.07.06.0793 with final tweaks in Photoshop CS5 and the Mac OS X Preview application.

This photo is best viewed against a dark background (press the "L" key to enter the Flickr light box).

All rights reserved.

35min exposure, 5min subs,then the cloud rolled in.

The Triangulum Galaxy ,also known as Messier 33 or NGC 598 is a spiral galaxy approximately 3 million light-years away in the constellation Triangulum. Estimates indicate that Triangulum may be home to between 30 and 40 billion stars. With a diameter of about 50,000 light-years, it is the third largest galaxy in the Local Group, a group of galaxies that also contains the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy, and it may be a gravitationally bound companion of the Andromeda Galaxy.

Skywatcher Explorer 190 MN Pro telescope,Skywatcher EQ6 Pro mount., Scopos 80mm guide scope. Starlight Xpress SXVF M25C camera, SX Lodestar guide camera, Astronomik CLS light pollution filter. Processed and acquired using Maxim DL5, Photoshop CS2. Harrold Observatory, Harrold, Bedfordshire, UK. 25/09/09

It has been two years since I last photographed this nearby galaxy.

31 light frames stacked with DeepSkyStacker 3.3.4.

ISO 400

Exposure 90 seconds; total exposure 46.5 min.

Prime focus through an Explore Scientific 80mm f/6 APO ED triplet refractor

Explore Scientific field flattener

Canon T3i, unmodded

Celestron Advanced VX equatorial mount.

Dark, flat, dark flat, and bias frames used to correct noise

Post-processing with Photoshop CC 2015, StarSpikes Pro 3

I replaced and did some processing tweaking as I realized that I hadn't merged the CPC800 data to the EON data very well and had a line across the image (oops!) .... hopefully have fixed that a little better now.

Also merged the coloring from version one where it was bluer and the last version that was a little too red. I think this i a more balanced look on the color and the core.

Here are the details:

Camera: Atik 314L+

Scope: Orion EON80ED

Filters: Astronomik L,R,G,B,Ha

Integration Time (EON80ED):

Luminance - 13x1200s, 2x1800s

R,G,B - 6x600s, binned 2x2 each

Ha - 4x600s, binned 2x2

(CPC800)

Luminance: 3x1200s

Total: 10hrs

Here is the Great Galaxy in Triangulum, catalogued as Messier 33 or M33, found surprisingly enough in the constellation of Triangulum. This is a spiral galaxy 2.73 million light-years from Earth. The Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, behind the Andromeda Galaxy and the Milky Way. It is one of the most distant permanent objects that can be viewed with the naked eye.

This is a true color image taken through Red, Green, and Blue filters, and with an added channel for Hydrogen Alpha. This addition to the data enhances all the magenta colored nebulae inside the galaxy itself. These pockets of gas and dust glow deep red, and are easily captured through the H-Alpha filter.

Image Info

This was taken with the travel astrophotography kit from the KPO field in Saint Cloud, FL.

Camera : ZWO ASI1600MM pro

Lens: Canon 100-400 f/5.6L lens, set to 400mm

Mount: iOptron SmartEQ Pro

Hydrogen Alpha: 24 subframes of 300s = 120min integration

Red: 24 subframes of 300s = 120min integration

Green: 24 subframes of 300s = 120 min integration

Blue: 24 subframes of 300s = 120 min integration

Total integration time: 480min = 8 hours.

Captured via ASIAir Pro automation

Optical tracking via ASIAir automation, currently using ST4 mount control via the ASI120MM-S guide camera

Separate channels stacked and RGB integrated in Astro Pixel Processor

Processed and cropped in Nebulosity

Final processing in Aperture

Subject: M33 -- Triangulum Galaxy

Image FOV: 2 degrees square (120 arc-minutes square)

Image scale: 8 arc-seconds per pixel

Date: 2005/09/02 - 2005/10/10

Exposure: 449 x 2min = 14h58m, ISO 400, f/2.8

Filter: IDAS LPS

Camera: Canon 20D (unmodified)

Lens: Nikon 300mm f/2.8 AIS

Mount: Single-arm motorized barndoor tracker, unguided

Processing: Subexposures were registered and combined using Registar. Dark frames were used, but no flat frames or bias frames were taken. Final post-processing in PhotoShop consisted of levels, curves, contrast adjustment. No unsharp masking or noise reduction was done.

Remarks: Subexposures were taken on 12 different nights between Sept 2 and Oct 10 2005 under various sky conditions

A wide-field view of the Triangulum Galaxy in the constellation of the same name captured in a stack of fifty images that were exposed for 25 seconds each using a hand-driven, barn-door type tracking mount (two boards, a hinge, and a screw you turn by hand). The Triangulum Galaxy is generally consider to be the most distant object that can be seen with the naked eye (it is smaller, dimmer, and more distant than the Andromeda Galaxy).

This is my first serious attempt to photograph M33 and although this image has some problems it actually turned out better than I expected (given that I'm not using a telescope and considering the rather poor conditions from my front driveway -- pretty serious light pollution since I live very close to the center of a large metropolitan area). I can just make out the spiral arms on the galaxy but the short exposure and "push" processing has drained all of the color from the now-bloated stars.

In the image notes I've identified a small object that may be NGC 604 (a very large nebula and star forming region in the Triangulum galaxy -- NGC 604 is perhaps a hundred times the size of the Milky Way's Orion nebula).

In any case, this image is best viewed in the Flickr light box (press the "L" key to toggle the light box or click the following link):

View On Black

Captured on December 22, 2011 between the hours of 8:09PM and 8:44PM PST with a Nikon D5100 DSLR (ISO 4000, 25 second exposure x 50) and a 105mm AI-S 1:2.5 Nikkor lens set to aperture f/4. Image stack created with DeepSkyStacker using 50 image frames combined with 48 dark frames (no flats or bias).

All rights reserved.

The Triangulum Galaxy (also known as Messier 33 or NGC 598) is a spiral galaxy approximately 3 million light-years away in the constellation Triangulum. In 2007, a black hole about 15.7 times the mass of the Sun was detected in the galaxy using data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The black hole, named M33 X-7, orbits a companion star which it eclipses every 3.5 days.

100min combined exposure, 5 min subs.

Skywatcher Explorer 190 MN Pro telescope,Skywatcher EQ6 Pro mount., Scopos 80mm guide scope. Starlight Xpress SXVF M25C camera, SX Lodestar guide camera, Astronomik CLS light pollution filter. Processed and acquired using Maxim DL5, Photoshop CS2. Harrold Observatory, Harrold, Bedfordshire, UK. 22/08/09

Triangulum (Messier 33)

Credit: Giuseppe Donatiello, Alessandro Falesiedi, Mario Lovrencie / Sezione Nazionale di Ricerca Profondo Cielo - UAI

(J2000) RA: 01h 33m 50.02s Dec: +30° 39′ 36.7″

Messier 33 is a low-luminosity flocculent spiral galaxy at 3 million light-years in Triangulum. It is catalogued also as NGC 598 and known as Triangulum Galaxy. The galaxy is the smallest spiral galaxy in the Local Group and it is believed to be a big satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy.

M33 has two asymmetric faint arms, and an interstellar medium rich in gaseous filaments that extends for about 7 kpc. Although the inner disk is relatively undisturbed, the northern arm is less regular in shape than the southern one. M33, is a bulge-free galaxy with only two optically luminous dwarf galaxies believed to be its satellites: AndXXII (McConnachie et al., 2009; Martin et al., 2016) and Pisces VII (Martínez-Delgado et al., 2022) m discovered by me in 2020. However, given its mass, ΛCDM cosmological simulations predict that M33 should host a larger number of satellites, at least 10.

The neutral hydrogen (HI) disk is three times larger than the star-forming disk and is clearly warped. The outer disk has the same inclination as the inner one with respect to our line of sight but the position angle of the major axis changes by about 30 degrees compared to the inner disk and is more aligned with the M31 direction. While M33's undisturbed inner disk indicates that no major collisions between M31 and M33 or between M33 and a satellite have occurred in the past, the distortion could be the result of a flyby about 9 billion years ago. Timing assessments make this scenario unlikely and favor the hypothesis of a first fall of M33 in the region of influence of M31.

This image is distributed in full-resolution as CC0 but for its use please refer to what is indicated in the info here: www.flickr.com/people/133259498@N05/

Astrophotography without telescope (and normal camera)!

La galaxie du Triangle, M33.

Essonne, 22 septembre 2022, malgré la pollution lumineuse parisienne, pile dans cette direction...

Compilation Deep Sky Stacker d'une quarantaine de clichés d'une minute (Canon EOS200D, zoom 250mm, SAM), traitement Photoshop.

Telescopi o obiettivi di acquisizione: SkyWatcher ED 80//600

Camere di acquisizione: Canon 1100D

Montature: SkyWatcher NEQ6 Pro

Telescopi o obiettivi di guida: SkyWatcher 70/500

Camere di guida: Skywatcher Synguider 2

Riduttori di focale: SkyWatcher Reducer 0.85

Software: Pleiades Astrophoto S.L. PixInsight V1.8

Filtri: IDAS LPS D1

Risoluzione: 2800x1831

Date: 12 ottobre 2015

Pose: 30x420" ISO800

Integrazione: 3.5 ore

Dark: ~19

Flat: ~23

Bias: ~41

~2,9 m ly.

Synta Sky-Watcher 150/750, Nikon D7000, EQ5 motorised in one axis. Approx. 60 x 30 sec. @ ISO6400, darks, bias.

2023-11-02 0204 UTC

Location Maryland

Camera: ZWO ASI2600MC.

Guide Camera: ZWO ASI290MM

Telescope Vixen ED80 f/6.5

Mount: Losmandy G11 mount

Integration time 91 minutes

Capture: NINA

Postprocessing: Pixinsight

NOAO image of M33, the Triangulum Galaxy.

Image credit: NOAO/AURA (with editing by me)

Some perspective on where we are:

youtu.be/49wxtJ62Edk?t=10m3s

Edited Hubble Space Telescope image of the inner part of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33).

This is a huge image...

Image source: hubblesite.org/image/4305/gallery

Original caption: NASA's Hubble Space Telescope brings the vastness of space into perspective in this mosaic image of the Triangulum galaxy (M33), our neighbor in a collection of dozens of galaxies called the Local Group.

The unprecedentedly detailed portrait of Triangulum is composed of 54 Hubble fields of view stitched together, revealing nearly 25 million individually resolved stars. The borders of individual Hubble images trace the jagged edge of the mosaic, which spans 19,400 light-years across. Striking areas of star birth glow bright blue throughout the galaxy, particularly in beautiful nebulas of hot, ionized hydrogen gas like star-forming region NGC 604 in the upper left.

Triangulum is oriented with its face toward us, ideal for studying the distribution of stars and gas in its well-defined spiral structure. While astronomers are still delving into the immense trove of data collected by Hubble, a few characteristics stand out immediately, inviting key comparisons and contrasts with our own Milky Way galaxy and the third large spiral in the Local Group, the Andromeda galaxy.

"My first impression on seeing the Hubble images was, wow, that really is a lot of star formation," said astronomer Julianne Dalcanton of the University of Washington in Seattle, who led the project. "The star formation rate intensity is 10 times higher than the area surveyed in the Andromeda galaxy in 2015."

Astronomers think that Triangulum has been an introvert, avoiding disruptive interactions with other galaxies, instead spending the eons tending its well-ordered spiral and turning out new generations of stars. Further research may determine if Triangulum is actually a newer member of the Local Group of galaxies, and perhaps its quiet days will soon be over.

This mosaic was created from images taken by Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys between February 2017 and February 2018.

The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency). NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope. The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated for NASA by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy in Washington, D.C.

This is M33 after a long time of processing. You can see more about this galaxy on Wikipedia.

The original lights came from the evenings of September 18 and the night of September 23-24, 2009

Taken with my Pentax K10D camera with the Stellarvue SV4 scope, operating at Prime Focus. A field flattenter was also used as well as a Baader Moon and Skyglow light pollution filter. Tracking was done with the Orion Starshoot Autoguider using a Stellarvue SV 70 ED. The DLSR in-camera noise reduction was turned off. Most shots were done with using the Pentax remote control software to do bulb interval shots. I allowed about 2 minutes of time between shots to give the camera a chance to cool off and for the batteries to recover.

Most of the darks were recorded well after the lights in an effort to help understand and control the noise that is generated by this camera. I learned that I had to be vigilant regarding IR light getting into the camera when making this library of darks. Also, it appears that the telescope body itself seems to act as a heatsink for this camera, making collecting darks requiring connecting the camera as if it was in the field.

Stacking was with DSS using the below settings:

Stacking mode: Custom Rectangle

Drizzle x2 enabled

Total exposure: 4hrs 42 mins 21s

Stacking step 1 ->2 frames (ISO: 800) - total exposure: 16 mn 4 s

-> Offset: 36 frames (ISO: 800) exposure: 1/4000 s

-> Dark: 40 frames (ISO : 800) exposure: 8 mn 3 s

-> Dark Flat: 36 frames (ISO : 800) exposure: 1/4000 s

-> Flat: 24 frames (ISO: 800) exposure: 1/4000 s

Stacking step 2 ->2 frames (ISO: 800) - total exposure: 20 mn 6 s

-> Offset: 36 frames (ISO: 800) exposure: 1/4000 s

-> Dark: 90 frames (ISO : 800) exposure: 10 mn 5 s

-> Dark Flat: 36 frames (ISO : 800) exposure: 1/4000 s

-> Flat: 24 frames (ISO: 800) exposure: 1/4000 s

Stacking step 3 ->4 frames (ISO: 400) - total exposure: 1 hr 0 mn 20 s

-> Offset: 24 frames (ISO: 400) exposure: 1/4000 s

-> Dark: 18 frames (ISO : 400) exposure: 15 mn 7 s

-> Dark Flat: 48 frames (ISO : 400) exposure: 1/1600 s

-> Flat: 19 frames (ISO: 400) exposure: 1/1600 s

Stacking step 4 ->1 frames (ISO: 400) - total exposure: 20 mn 7 s

-> Offset: 24 frames (ISO: 400) exposure: 1/4000 s

-> Dark: 3 frames (ISO : 400) exposure: 20 mn 9 s

-> Dark Flat: 48 frames (ISO : 400) exposure: 1/1600 s

-> Flat: 19 frames (ISO: 400) exposure: 1/1600 s

Stacking step 5 ->11 frames (ISO: 400) - total exposure: 2 hr 45 mn 44 s

-> Offset: 24 frames (ISO: 400) exposure: 1/4000 s

-> Dark: 11 frames (ISO : 400) exposure: 15 mn 4 s

-> Flat: 19 frames (ISO: 400) exposure: 1/1600 s

Processing was with PixInsight LE 1.0 using the instructions provided by Rogelio Andreo regarding gradient subtraction:

blog.deepskycolors.com/archivo/2010/05/

Further processing was done via the tutorial at this page from David Nash's website:

www.davesastro.co.uk/techniques/pixinsight_tutorial/index...

I'm extremely happy with how this image turned out. I know that there are a few gradients still showing up. Still, this is much better than I've been able to get from what I've always known was good data. The missing bits were getting a library of decent darks and flats and bias frames to give DSS some meat to chew on.

Finally being able to follow what is happening in PixInsight really helps as well.

Now I'll try to fill in the holes in my other data from last year and I'll see what I can get!

The Triangulum Galaxy

A spiral galaxy approximately 3 million light-years (ly) from Earth in the constellation Triangulum. It is catalogued as Messier 33 or NGC 598, and is sometimes informally referred to as the Pinwheel Galaxy, a nickname it shares with Messier 101. The Triangulum Galaxy is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, which includes the Milky Way, the Andromeda Galaxy and about 44 other smaller galaxies. It is one of the most distant permanent objects that can be viewed with the naked eye.

The galaxy is the smallest spiral galaxy in the Local Group and it is believed to be a satellite of the Andromeda Galaxy due to their interactions, velocities and proximity to one another in the night sky.

M33, commonly known as the Triangulum Galaxy is one of the closest galaxies to our own Milky Way Galaxy. This image shows its classical spiral shape with many arms radiating out from the center. Star forming regions are red-pink due to their ionized hydrogen content. New stars are bluish while older stars are more yellow-red.

Taken from Inkom, ID USA

12 inch f/3.8 newtonian astrograph with a KAI-11000M based astronomical CCD camera. Total exposure time was 17 hours.

I get this data from Takahashi FSQ-85 by my observatory friend!

LATEST VERSION: flic.kr/p/2koVCn6

Messier 33 / M33 / NGC 598 / The Triangulum Galaxy

M33 is a spiral galaxy about 3 million light years away in the constellation Triangulum. It is the third largest member of the Local Group of galaxies, with a diameter of 60,000 light years. It contains "only" 40 billion stars, compared to 400 billion in the Milky Way and 1 trillion in the Andromeda Galaxy.

Total integration: 8 hours 14 minutes (494 minutes)

01/25/19: 1 x 120 seconds ISO800

01/25/19: 123 x 60 seconds ISO800

01/26/19: 120 x 60 seconds ISO800

01/27/19: 122 x 60 seconds ISO800

01/31/19: 127 x 60 seconds ISO800

Location: Charlottesville, VA

SQM: 19.22 mag/arcsec^2 (Bortle 6)

Camera: Canon T3i (stock/unmodified)

Telescope: Explore Scientific ED80 f/6.0 Apochromatic Refractor (with ES field flattener)

Mount: Orion Sirius EQ-G (unguided)

Stacked with PixInsight, processed with PixInsight and Paint.NET

Taken for the Macro Monday challenge: Personal Dreams.

Astrophotgraphy is hobby that is something that I've been working on for some time, slowly increasing my skill and technique. For this image, I've placed my smc P-A* 300mm F4.0 lens on a print of M33, the Triangulum Galaxy. The print is from this picture. Both are resting on the page from the starchart showing this region of the sky. What I also like about this shot is that the reflection of the map is also seen in the lens.

This shot was made by using the Pentax K10D camera with the smc P-DA 35mm F2.8 lens. Lighting was with two AF540FGZ flashes, one suspended over the scene and shooting at 1/4 power through a 30 inch umbrella. The other was gridded with a Just Blue gel and firing at 1/16 power. Lastly, I had a Vivitar 2800 flash at full power with a Bright Red gel.

See the setup here.

PP with LR to change white balance and adjust colors.

Processed a heavily moonlit shot of M33 with Pixinsight. 90 mins total exposure. Next time I am going to shoot this all night assuming we get clear days around here.

Imaged: 30th Sept - 23rd October 2013

Scope: Takahashi FSQ85EDX

Mount: Paramount MX

Camera: Atik 383 Baader RGB Filters

Guided: Atik OAG/Lodestar/SkyX

Exposures:R-18×360:G-18X360:B-12×360

Shot from the balcony in the night from 21st to 22nd October. One of these very rare nights with good transparency, so I gave M33 a try. Normally it's hard to impossible to capture details through the city's light pollution.

Equipment: EOS 500Da + EF 5,6/400mm L on Avalon Linear

Guiding: MGEN

Exposure: HDR from 19x10min + 4x30sec @ f5,6/ISO 800

(total: 3:12h)

Added some more RGB and H-Alpha to the previous (ugly ;-) ) version. Now it's start looking like a "real" M33 :-)

EOS 500Da + EF 5,6/400mm L on Avalon Linear. Guiding with MGEN and 60mm finder scope.

Shot from the balcony with a ~19.4 mag/" sky quality and surprisingly good transparency for this season.

RGB: approx. 7h with 10min and 8min subs

H-Alpha with 12nm Astronomik Clip-In filter: 4h with 15min subs.

All @ f5,6/ISO 800

Object name: M 33

Popular Name: Pinwheel or Triangulum Galaxy

Object type: Galaxy

Magnitude: 5.8

Size: 70.8′x41.7′

Constellation: Triangulum

Image captured and processed in Nebulosity. Atik 16IC-S CCD camera on 72mm f/6 WO Megrez APO Refractor. Autoguided using a Watec 120N video camera on ST80 using PHD software. Astronomik filters.

CLS = 20x300s

R = 3x300s

G = 3x300s

B = 2x300s

Another imaging session curtailed by intermittent cloud, so this view of the Triangulum Galaxy (M33) is based on just 30 minutes of data. I used my custom 6-inch f/5 Schmidt-Newtonian and astromodified Canon 1100D plus Astronomik CLS-CCD filter on an unguided Vixen GP mount for twelve 2.5-minute ISO3200 subs followed by an equal number of dark frames. Messier 33 is the third-largest member of the Local Group of galaxies and lies some 3 million light-years away.

About 1.5 hours of data with a Takahashi FSQ 106ED on a strongly moonlit night. I spent about 10 mins processing this. I didn't fix the gradients, color issues, remove noise or anything yet.

Canon 5D3 with Celestron CGEM 1100HD and 0.7x focal length reducer. Manually guided using Celestron's off-axis guider and Orion's 12.5mm illuminated reticle eyepiece.

Stacking (using Deepskystacker) of 11 shots taken at ISO 800 with 10 minute exposure (plus dark frame for each). I took 16 shots of the sky in the morning for the flats to correct background brightness variations.

Seeing was very good for Wisconsin, lots of detail in this one.

This one was taken on September 25th, 2011 at Cheveresul Mare near Timisoara. It's a composite of two frames, one at 5 minutes and the other at 8 minutes exposure.

Usual setup:

Newton 130/650mm

NEQ6 Pro Mount

Canon 550D

Synta Coma Corrector

Oh, forgot to add: that night was the first time i used guiding. Only manual guiding, but i'm working on auto-guiding :)

NOAO image of M33, the Triangulum Galaxy. Multiple types of wavelengths (e.g., visible, radio) were used to create this image.

Image credit: NOAO/AURA (with editing by me)

I could only get 6 light frames before the sun came up so this still needs a lot of work.

Taken through a TMB 130SS at F7

Mount Skywatcher HEQ5 Pro

Camera canon EOS 5D MKII

The photo is 6 x 10 min light frames at 800 ISO

3 dark frames and 2 flat frames.

Location : Fareham Hampshire

Name Chris Swatton

Telescòpio: celestron 130 slt(130mm/f5) modificado

Montagem: celestron nexstar slt altazimutal computadorizada

Câmera: Canon sl1 modificada com filtro astrodon ad40 clear

Baader MkIII coma corretor

Filtro astronomik cls ccd eos clip

Deep sky stacker: calibração e integração dos frames

Processamento: photoshop cs2, astronomy tools

Exposição total: 01 hora e 15 minutos

09/2015

serra negra- são paulo

Imaging:

Canon 50D (modified) on Skywatcher Equinox 80mm with Televue TRF-2008

Lights 20 x 600s f/5 ISO 100

Darks 9 x

Flats 76 x

Bias 64 x

Guiding:

SSAG on Skywatcher 80mm f/5 achromatic refractor

Guide frames x 2s

North is Left

- - - - -

Yup much better this time. 3h 20m does something!

I need to start taking Flats every time i shoot with 50D, as it's very apparent how much dust changes each time. This is of course caused because when you have removed filters from in front of sensor, dust is much closer, and more apparent.

M33 at Calstar 2012

During the nights of September 13-14-15, I grabbed some frames of M33 while at Calstar. It was nicely placed and was a good subject while I was waiting for the California Nebula to rise.

19 total lights of 10 minutes at 400 ISO. Full-spectrum Pentax K10D with cooler. Sub temperatures ranged from 21-24C. Shot through the Stellarvue SV4.

Stacked with DSS 3.3.3 beta 47, pp with PI with DBE, masked stretch, histogram stretch and NR. The stack resulted in a pretty big mosaic, so the processing was done on a cropped frame. Annotation was done in PI. Final export brought into LR for upload.

Here's the platesolve output:

Referentiation Matrix (Gnomonic projection = Matrix * Coords[x,y]):

-0.000108056632 +0.000520031743 -0.363470976271

-0.000519747006 -0.000108001288 +0.792025309372

+0.000000000000 +0.000000000000 +1.000000000000

Resolution ........ 1.912 arcsec/pix

Rotation .......... -78.276 deg

Focal ............. 582.67 mm

Pixel size ........ 5.40 um

Field of view ..... 1d 24' 12.3" x 1d 2' 1.8"

Image center ...... RA: 01 33 54.407 Dec: +30 40 55.68

Image bounds:

top-left ....... RA: 01 32 12.142 Dec: +31 28 24.10

top-right ...... RA: 01 30 54.374 Dec: +30 05 53.94

bottom-left .... RA: 01 36 56.621 Dec: +31 15 41.72

bottom-right ... RA: 01 35 35.008 Dec: +29 53 22.33

Note how the stars on the annotation are slightly off in their placement. I'll have to see what's up with that offset.

Taken on September 25, 2011 near Butler, Missouri using an SBIG8300C camera mounted on a CGE1100 Telescope using Hyperstar (F/2). This is the sum of 8 ten minute images, stacked using DeepSkyStacker. The image was then processed with Photoshop CS2.

Guiding used PhD Guiding with an Orion Starshoot autoguider.