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Crew waiting for results as the scores are tabulated.

A National Electoral Commission (CNE) staff member shows a protested ballot paper to electoral observers, the media and public during the national tabulation process.19 April 2012. Photo by UNMIT/Bernardino Soares

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

The day's butterflies were duly tabulated at a dinner in Sahuarita, AZ following the count. Santa Rita Mountains count compiler Mary Klinkel stands at left.

Age: 337–319 Ma

Viséan to Bashkirian Age

Middle Mississippian to Early Pennsylvanian Epoch

Carboniferous Period – Giant arthropods and amphibians, early reptiles, most plants fern or lycophyte-like, known for tropical forests and seas

Paleozoic Era – pre-Dinosaurs

 

Location: Notts II Cave

Yorkshire

 

Rock Type: limestone

 

Species:

Siphonodendron junceum is an extinct species of colonial rugose coral that flourished during the Carboniferous period, being among the most common corals found from this period. Belonging to the family Lithostrotiidae, these corals were significant reef-builders, contributing to the development of carbonate platforms in warm, tropical seas.

 

Colonies of Siphonodendron junceum are distinguished by their branching, cylindrical corallites, which often formed dense, bush-like structures, and are compared to spaghetti. Each individual corallite rarely measured much more than 6 millimetres in diameter, with internal septa arranged in a radial pattern to support the coral’s skeletal framework, though septa are often hard to make out and seem absent in this species. Its preferred environment consisted of shallow, clear, and warm marine settings

 

Note: Anthozoa is sometimes considered a subphylum, with its major consituents making up the classes. These being Class Ceriantharia, Hexacorallia (including Scleractinia and Rugosa), Octocorallia, and Tabulata. These will all be included in this collection, but ordered by their type above the usual ordering by level of taxonomic precision and alphabetically.

 

Cnidaria is a phylum of simple aquatic animals, best known for their radial symmetry, nematocysts (stinging cells), and a body plan organised around a central cavity. The phylum includes organisms like jellyfish, sea anemones, hydras, and corals. Most cnidarians have two basic body forms: the free-swimming medusa (as seen in jellyfish) and the sessile polyp (typical of corals and sea anemones). Cnidarians exhibit a diploblastic structure, meaning they possess two primary cell layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, with a gelatinous layer called the mesoglea in between. While many cnidarians are carnivorous, using their stinging cells to capture prey, some, particularly corals, have developed symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic organisms like zooxanthellae, which assist in nutrient production.

 

Within this diverse phylum, Class Anthozoa includes organisms that exist exclusively in the polyp form and lack a medusa stage. Anthozoans are primarily sessile, attached to the substrate, and include groups like corals and sea anemones. Among anthozoans, corals are the most significant from a geological and palaeontological perspective due to their capacity to build massive reef structures over geological time. Coral polyps typically secrete calcium carbonate to form exoskeletons, which fossilise readily, making them important indicators in the fossil record. Anthozoa is further divided into orders such as Hexacorallia, which includes the modern reef-building corals, and Octocorallia, which comprises soft corals and sea fans.

 

The fossil record of corals is particularly rich, with three major types standing out: tabulate corals, rugose corals, and scleractinian corals, each representing different eras of coral dominance in Earth's history.

 

Tabulate corals were dominant during the Palaeozoic era, especially from the Ordovician to the Permian. These corals are characterised by their colonial nature and the presence of horizontal internal divisions known as tabulae. Unlike later corals, tabulate corals lacked septa (vertical internal walls) and often formed large, tightly packed colonies. They contributed significantly to reef ecosystems in shallow tropical seas during the Silurian and Devonian periods. However, they became extinct at the end of the Permian, during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Their decline mirrored broader ecological upheavals that affected much of marine life at that time.

 

Rugose corals, also known as horn corals, coexisted with tabulate corals and appeared in the Ordovician, flourishing through the Devonian and into the Carboniferous. These corals could be either solitary or colonial, and their most distinctive feature is the presence of septal divisions within the coral skeleton, radiating from a central point. The solitary forms often resembled a horn in shape, giving them their common name. Rugose corals also contributed to Palaeozoic reef systems and are frequently found as fossils in limestone formations from these periods. Like the tabulate corals, rugose corals were wiped out during the Permian-Triassic extinction, marking the end of their dominance in marine ecosystems.

 

Following the extinction of tabulate and rugose corals, the Scleractinian corals (modern corals) emerged in the Triassic and have been the primary reef-builders ever since. Scleractinian corals also possess calcareous skeletons but differ from their predecessors in their skeletal microstructure, which is composed of aragonite rather than calcite. These corals are notable for their ability to form both solitary and colonial structures, with colonial forms building the vast coral reefs seen in modern oceans. Reef-building scleractinians rely heavily on symbiotic zooxanthellae, which enable them to thrive in nutrient-poor, sunlit waters by performing photosynthesis. Scleractinians became the dominant corals from the Jurassic onwards, and they continue to dominate coral reef ecosystems today, making them critical components of modern marine biodiversity.

Age: 337–319 Ma

Viséan to Bashkirian Age

Middle Mississippian to Early Pennsylvanian Epoch

Carboniferous Period – Giant arthropods and amphibians, early reptiles, most plants fern or lycophyte-like, known for tropical forests and seas

Paleozoic Era – pre-Dinosaurs

 

Location: Fell Beck, near Gaping Ghyll

Ingleborough

Clapham

Yorkshire

 

Rock Type: Alston Formation or Yoredale Group limestone

 

Species:

Siphonodendron junceum is an extinct species of colonial rugose coral that flourished during the Carboniferous period, being among the most common corals found from this period. Belonging to the family Lithostrotiidae, these corals were significant reef-builders, contributing to the development of carbonate platforms in warm, tropical seas.

 

Colonies of Siphonodendron junceum are distinguished by their branching, cylindrical corallites, which often formed dense, bush-like structures, and are compared to spaghetti. Each individual corallite rarely measured much more than 6 millimetres in diameter, with internal septa arranged in a radial pattern to support the coral’s skeletal framework, though septa are often hard to make out and seem absent in this species. Its preferred environment consisted of shallow, clear, and warm marine settings

 

Note: Anthozoa is sometimes considered a subphylum, with its major consituents making up the classes. These being Class Ceriantharia, Hexacorallia (including Scleractinia and Rugosa), Octocorallia, and Tabulata. These will all be included in this collection, but ordered by their type above the usual ordering by level of taxonomic precision and alphabetically.

 

Cnidaria is a phylum of simple aquatic animals, best known for their radial symmetry, nematocysts (stinging cells), and a body plan organised around a central cavity. The phylum includes organisms like jellyfish, sea anemones, hydras, and corals. Most cnidarians have two basic body forms: the free-swimming medusa (as seen in jellyfish) and the sessile polyp (typical of corals and sea anemones). Cnidarians exhibit a diploblastic structure, meaning they possess two primary cell layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, with a gelatinous layer called the mesoglea in between. While many cnidarians are carnivorous, using their stinging cells to capture prey, some, particularly corals, have developed symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic organisms like zooxanthellae, which assist in nutrient production.

 

Within this diverse phylum, Class Anthozoa includes organisms that exist exclusively in the polyp form and lack a medusa stage. Anthozoans are primarily sessile, attached to the substrate, and include groups like corals and sea anemones. Among anthozoans, corals are the most significant from a geological and palaeontological perspective due to their capacity to build massive reef structures over geological time. Coral polyps typically secrete calcium carbonate to form exoskeletons, which fossilise readily, making them important indicators in the fossil record. Anthozoa is further divided into orders such as Hexacorallia, which includes the modern reef-building corals, and Octocorallia, which comprises soft corals and sea fans.

 

The fossil record of corals is particularly rich, with three major types standing out: tabulate corals, rugose corals, and scleractinian corals, each representing different eras of coral dominance in Earth's history.

 

Tabulate corals were dominant during the Palaeozoic era, especially from the Ordovician to the Permian. These corals are characterised by their colonial nature and the presence of horizontal internal divisions known as tabulae. Unlike later corals, tabulate corals lacked septa (vertical internal walls) and often formed large, tightly packed colonies. They contributed significantly to reef ecosystems in shallow tropical seas during the Silurian and Devonian periods. However, they became extinct at the end of the Permian, during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Their decline mirrored broader ecological upheavals that affected much of marine life at that time.

 

Rugose corals, also known as horn corals, coexisted with tabulate corals and appeared in the Ordovician, flourishing through the Devonian and into the Carboniferous. These corals could be either solitary or colonial, and their most distinctive feature is the presence of septal divisions within the coral skeleton, radiating from a central point. The solitary forms often resembled a horn in shape, giving them their common name. Rugose corals also contributed to Palaeozoic reef systems and are frequently found as fossils in limestone formations from these periods. Like the tabulate corals, rugose corals were wiped out during the Permian-Triassic extinction, marking the end of their dominance in marine ecosystems.

 

Following the extinction of tabulate and rugose corals, the Scleractinian corals (modern corals) emerged in the Triassic and have been the primary reef-builders ever since. Scleractinian corals also possess calcareous skeletons but differ from their predecessors in their skeletal microstructure, which is composed of aragonite rather than calcite. These corals are notable for their ability to form both solitary and colonial structures, with colonial forms building the vast coral reefs seen in modern oceans. Reef-building scleractinians rely heavily on symbiotic zooxanthellae, which enable them to thrive in nutrient-poor, sunlit waters by performing photosynthesis. Scleractinians became the dominant corals from the Jurassic onwards, and they continue to dominate coral reef ecosystems today, making them critical components of modern marine biodiversity.

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

A IBM é formada com o nome Computing Tabulating Recording

"MOM WAIT!! This is the infamous Babbage Difference Engine! It's a giant mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions. It's also the reason why my math books don't have calculation errors"

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

Tabulated bead in shades of green and blue with a multi-directional feathered design.

tabulation at CNE with UNV's. Photo by Martine Perret/UNMIT 15 October 2009.

tabulation at CNE with UNV's. Photo by Martine Perret/UNMIT 15 October 2009.

tabulation at CNE with UNV's. sandra black from electoral. Photo by Martine Perret/UNMIT 15 October 2009.

In Mexico, a privacy screen for persons with disabilities reads “the vote is free and secret.” This message was printed in all privacy screens. Each person has the right to cast his or her ballot in secret, but tabulation and counting should be open and transparent.

Rep. Alberts watches as votes are tabulated on a bill.

Alex and Alexanne are tabulating the score (polish rummy-sausage, if you're wondering). Guess who came in last. I'll give you a hint. He's the only one at the table you can't see.

Age: 330–329 Ma

Serpukhovian Age

Late Mississippian Epoch

Carboniferous Period – Giant arthropods and amphibians, early reptiles, most plants fern or lycophyte-like, known for tropical forests and seas

Paleozoic Era – pre-Dinosaurs

 

Location: Southeast Holy Island

Lindisfarne

Northumberland

England

 

Rock Type: Alston Formation limestone

 

Species:

Siphonodendron junceum is an extinct species of colonial rugose coral that flourished during the Carboniferous period, being among the most common corals found from this period. Belonging to the family Lithostrotiidae, these corals were significant reef-builders, contributing to the development of carbonate platforms in warm, tropical seas.

 

Colonies of Siphonodendron junceum are distinguished by their branching, cylindrical corallites, which often formed dense, bush-like structures, and are compared to spaghetti. Each individual corallite rarely measured much more than 6 millimetres in diameter, with internal septa arranged in a radial pattern to support the coral’s skeletal framework, though septa are often hard to make out and seem absent in this species. Its preferred environment consisted of shallow, clear, and warm marine settings

 

Note: Anthozoa is sometimes considered a subphylum, with its major consituents making up the classes. These being Class Ceriantharia, Hexacorallia (including Scleractinia and Rugosa), Octocorallia, and Tabulata. These will all be included in this collection, but ordered by their type above the usual ordering by level of taxonomic precision and alphabetically.

 

Cnidaria is a phylum of simple aquatic animals, best known for their radial symmetry, nematocysts (stinging cells), and a body plan organised around a central cavity. The phylum includes organisms like jellyfish, sea anemones, hydras, and corals. Most cnidarians have two basic body forms: the free-swimming medusa (as seen in jellyfish) and the sessile polyp (typical of corals and sea anemones). Cnidarians exhibit a diploblastic structure, meaning they possess two primary cell layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, with a gelatinous layer called the mesoglea in between. While many cnidarians are carnivorous, using their stinging cells to capture prey, some, particularly corals, have developed symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic organisms like zooxanthellae, which assist in nutrient production.

 

Within this diverse phylum, Class Anthozoa includes organisms that exist exclusively in the polyp form and lack a medusa stage. Anthozoans are primarily sessile, attached to the substrate, and include groups like corals and sea anemones. Among anthozoans, corals are the most significant from a geological and palaeontological perspective due to their capacity to build massive reef structures over geological time. Coral polyps typically secrete calcium carbonate to form exoskeletons, which fossilise readily, making them important indicators in the fossil record. Anthozoa is further divided into orders such as Hexacorallia, which includes the modern reef-building corals, and Octocorallia, which comprises soft corals and sea fans.

 

The fossil record of corals is particularly rich, with three major types standing out: tabulate corals, rugose corals, and scleractinian corals, each representing different eras of coral dominance in Earth's history.

 

Tabulate corals were dominant during the Palaeozoic era, especially from the Ordovician to the Permian. These corals are characterised by their colonial nature and the presence of horizontal internal divisions known as tabulae. Unlike later corals, tabulate corals lacked septa (vertical internal walls) and often formed large, tightly packed colonies. They contributed significantly to reef ecosystems in shallow tropical seas during the Silurian and Devonian periods. However, they became extinct at the end of the Permian, during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Their decline mirrored broader ecological upheavals that affected much of marine life at that time.

 

Rugose corals, also known as horn corals, coexisted with tabulate corals and appeared in the Ordovician, flourishing through the Devonian and into the Carboniferous. These corals could be either solitary or colonial, and their most distinctive feature is the presence of septal divisions within the coral skeleton, radiating from a central point. The solitary forms often resembled a horn in shape, giving them their common name. Rugose corals also contributed to Palaeozoic reef systems and are frequently found as fossils in limestone formations from these periods. Like the tabulate corals, rugose corals were wiped out during the Permian-Triassic extinction, marking the end of their dominance in marine ecosystems.

 

Following the extinction of tabulate and rugose corals, the Scleractinian corals (modern corals) emerged in the Triassic and have been the primary reef-builders ever since. Scleractinian corals also possess calcareous skeletons but differ from their predecessors in their skeletal microstructure, which is composed of aragonite rather than calcite. These corals are notable for their ability to form both solitary and colonial structures, with colonial forms building the vast coral reefs seen in modern oceans. Reef-building scleractinians rely heavily on symbiotic zooxanthellae, which enable them to thrive in nutrient-poor, sunlit waters by performing photosynthesis. Scleractinians became the dominant corals from the Jurassic onwards, and they continue to dominate coral reef ecosystems today, making them critical components of modern marine biodiversity.

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The judges tabulate the scores at the Pub Quiz

Cigarettes are very cheap in Spain and 30% of the population smokes, I tabulated. Unfortunately, as of 2006, you can no longer smoke in hospitals.

Location: River Rothay, near the Sewage Works

Ambleside

Cumbria

 

Specimen:

A confusing and intriguing one as this sort of fossiliferous rock isn't mapped this high in the catchment as far as I'm aware.

 

Species:

Siphonodendron junceum is an extinct species of colonial rugose coral that flourished during the Carboniferous period, being among the most common corals found from this period. Belonging to the family Lithostrotiidae, these corals were significant reef-builders, contributing to the development of carbonate platforms in warm, tropical seas.

 

Colonies of Siphonodendron junceum are distinguished by their branching, cylindrical corallites, which often formed dense, bush-like structures, and are compared to spaghetti. Each individual corallite rarely measured much more than 6 millimetres in diameter, with internal septa arranged in a radial pattern to support the coral’s skeletal framework, though septa are often hard to make out and seem absent in this species. Its preferred environment consisted of shallow, clear, and warm marine settings

 

Note: Anthozoa is sometimes considered a subphylum, with its major consituents making up the classes. These being Class Ceriantharia, Hexacorallia (including Scleractinia and Rugosa), Octocorallia, and Tabulata. These will all be included in this collection, but ordered by their type above the usual ordering by level of taxonomic precision and alphabetically.

 

Cnidaria is a phylum of simple aquatic animals, best known for their radial symmetry, nematocysts (stinging cells), and a body plan organised around a central cavity. The phylum includes organisms like jellyfish, sea anemones, hydras, and corals. Most cnidarians have two basic body forms: the free-swimming medusa (as seen in jellyfish) and the sessile polyp (typical of corals and sea anemones). Cnidarians exhibit a diploblastic structure, meaning they possess two primary cell layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, with a gelatinous layer called the mesoglea in between. While many cnidarians are carnivorous, using their stinging cells to capture prey, some, particularly corals, have developed symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic organisms like zooxanthellae, which assist in nutrient production.

 

Within this diverse phylum, Class Anthozoa includes organisms that exist exclusively in the polyp form and lack a medusa stage. Anthozoans are primarily sessile, attached to the substrate, and include groups like corals and sea anemones. Among anthozoans, corals are the most significant from a geological and palaeontological perspective due to their capacity to build massive reef structures over geological time. Coral polyps typically secrete calcium carbonate to form exoskeletons, which fossilise readily, making them important indicators in the fossil record. Anthozoa is further divided into orders such as Hexacorallia, which includes the modern reef-building corals, and Octocorallia, which comprises soft corals and sea fans.

 

The fossil record of corals is particularly rich, with three major types standing out: tabulate corals, rugose corals, and scleractinian corals, each representing different eras of coral dominance in Earth's history.

 

Tabulate corals were dominant during the Palaeozoic era, especially from the Ordovician to the Permian. These corals are characterised by their colonial nature and the presence of horizontal internal divisions known as tabulae. Unlike later corals, tabulate corals lacked septa (vertical internal walls) and often formed large, tightly packed colonies. They contributed significantly to reef ecosystems in shallow tropical seas during the Silurian and Devonian periods. However, they became extinct at the end of the Permian, during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Their decline mirrored broader ecological upheavals that affected much of marine life at that time.

 

Rugose corals, also known as horn corals, coexisted with tabulate corals and appeared in the Ordovician, flourishing through the Devonian and into the Carboniferous. These corals could be either solitary or colonial, and their most distinctive feature is the presence of septal divisions within the coral skeleton, radiating from a central point. The solitary forms often resembled a horn in shape, giving them their common name. Rugose corals also contributed to Palaeozoic reef systems and are frequently found as fossils in limestone formations from these periods. Like the tabulate corals, rugose corals were wiped out during the Permian-Triassic extinction, marking the end of their dominance in marine ecosystems.

 

Following the extinction of tabulate and rugose corals, the Scleractinian corals (modern corals) emerged in the Triassic and have been the primary reef-builders ever since. Scleractinian corals also possess calcareous skeletons but differ from their predecessors in their skeletal microstructure, which is composed of aragonite rather than calcite. These corals are notable for their ability to form both solitary and colonial structures, with colonial forms building the vast coral reefs seen in modern oceans. Reef-building scleractinians rely heavily on symbiotic zooxanthellae, which enable them to thrive in nutrient-poor, sunlit waters by performing photosynthesis. Scleractinians became the dominant corals from the Jurassic onwards, and they continue to dominate coral reef ecosystems today, making them critical components of modern marine biodiversity.

A National Electoral Commission (CNE) staff member shows a protested ballot paper to electoral observers, the media and public during the national tabulation process.19 April 2012. Photo by UNMIT/Bernardino Soares

A National Electoral Commission (CNE) staff member shows a protested ballot paper to electoral observers, the media and public during the national tabulation process.19 April 2012. Photo by UNMIT/Bernardino Soares

Staff from Timor-Leste's National Electoral Commission are working on the national tabulation. Photo by UNMIT/Martine Perret. 10 July 2012

Age: 330–329 Ma

Serpukhovian Age

Late Mississippian Epoch

Carboniferous Period – Giant arthropods and amphibians, early reptiles, most plants fern or lycophyte-like, known for tropical forests and seas

Paleozoic Era – pre-Dinosaurs

 

Location: Southeast Holy Island

Lindisfarne

Northumberland

England

 

Rock Type: Alston Formation limestone

 

Species:

Siphonodendron junceum is an extinct species of colonial rugose coral that flourished during the Carboniferous period, being among the most common corals found from this period. Belonging to the family Lithostrotiidae, these corals were significant reef-builders, contributing to the development of carbonate platforms in warm, tropical seas.

 

Colonies of Siphonodendron junceum are distinguished by their branching, cylindrical corallites, which often formed dense, bush-like structures, and are compared to spaghetti. Each individual corallite rarely measured much more than 6 millimetres in diameter, with internal septa arranged in a radial pattern to support the coral’s skeletal framework, though septa are often hard to make out and seem absent in this species. Its preferred environment consisted of shallow, clear, and warm marine settings

 

Note: Anthozoa is sometimes considered a subphylum, with its major consituents making up the classes. These being Class Ceriantharia, Hexacorallia (including Scleractinia and Rugosa), Octocorallia, and Tabulata. These will all be included in this collection, but ordered by their type above the usual ordering by level of taxonomic precision and alphabetically.

 

Cnidaria is a phylum of simple aquatic animals, best known for their radial symmetry, nematocysts (stinging cells), and a body plan organised around a central cavity. The phylum includes organisms like jellyfish, sea anemones, hydras, and corals. Most cnidarians have two basic body forms: the free-swimming medusa (as seen in jellyfish) and the sessile polyp (typical of corals and sea anemones). Cnidarians exhibit a diploblastic structure, meaning they possess two primary cell layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, with a gelatinous layer called the mesoglea in between. While many cnidarians are carnivorous, using their stinging cells to capture prey, some, particularly corals, have developed symbiotic relationships with photosynthetic organisms like zooxanthellae, which assist in nutrient production.

 

Within this diverse phylum, Class Anthozoa includes organisms that exist exclusively in the polyp form and lack a medusa stage. Anthozoans are primarily sessile, attached to the substrate, and include groups like corals and sea anemones. Among anthozoans, corals are the most significant from a geological and palaeontological perspective due to their capacity to build massive reef structures over geological time. Coral polyps typically secrete calcium carbonate to form exoskeletons, which fossilise readily, making them important indicators in the fossil record. Anthozoa is further divided into orders such as Hexacorallia, which includes the modern reef-building corals, and Octocorallia, which comprises soft corals and sea fans.

 

The fossil record of corals is particularly rich, with three major types standing out: tabulate corals, rugose corals, and scleractinian corals, each representing different eras of coral dominance in Earth's history.

 

Tabulate corals were dominant during the Palaeozoic era, especially from the Ordovician to the Permian. These corals are characterised by their colonial nature and the presence of horizontal internal divisions known as tabulae. Unlike later corals, tabulate corals lacked septa (vertical internal walls) and often formed large, tightly packed colonies. They contributed significantly to reef ecosystems in shallow tropical seas during the Silurian and Devonian periods. However, they became extinct at the end of the Permian, during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Their decline mirrored broader ecological upheavals that affected much of marine life at that time.

 

Rugose corals, also known as horn corals, coexisted with tabulate corals and appeared in the Ordovician, flourishing through the Devonian and into the Carboniferous. These corals could be either solitary or colonial, and their most distinctive feature is the presence of septal divisions within the coral skeleton, radiating from a central point. The solitary forms often resembled a horn in shape, giving them their common name. Rugose corals also contributed to Palaeozoic reef systems and are frequently found as fossils in limestone formations from these periods. Like the tabulate corals, rugose corals were wiped out during the Permian-Triassic extinction, marking the end of their dominance in marine ecosystems.

 

Following the extinction of tabulate and rugose corals, the Scleractinian corals (modern corals) emerged in the Triassic and have been the primary reef-builders ever since. Scleractinian corals also possess calcareous skeletons but differ from their predecessors in their skeletal microstructure, which is composed of aragonite rather than calcite. These corals are notable for their ability to form both solitary and colonial structures, with colonial forms building the vast coral reefs seen in modern oceans. Reef-building scleractinians rely heavily on symbiotic zooxanthellae, which enable them to thrive in nutrient-poor, sunlit waters by performing photosynthesis. Scleractinians became the dominant corals from the Jurassic onwards, and they continue to dominate coral reef ecosystems today, making them critical components of modern marine biodiversity.

22-24 May – Cairo, Training workshop on Open Data and disseminating agricultural statistics through interactive data portals - GSARS II.

 

The workshop program revolves around:

 

1. Introduction to open standards;

2. Use open data in practice; and

3. Dissemination of data through our merit portals: Data tabulation plan, Coordinating and structuring data, and Documentation of data

 

Photo credit must be given: ©FAOEgypt

Meet Lloyd. I think he's the owner of a shop I dropped into. I left and found him following me. He wanted to sell his CD. All I had on me was a $2 Bill. We blessed it as enough. The musjc's great, imho. He told me his musical history as we chatted. Then he asked my birth month and tabulated on his hand saying: The Tribe of Zebulun (September). He said, Your symbol means you are rooted to sea.

K. Loved that!

 

2 Likes on Instagram

  

Tabulate Coral? found in the Little Miami River near Milford Ohio. Contains a quartz geode. (silicified/agatized)

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DSWs Shameful DATA-FUDGING Exposed! .

Unite to Oppose the Administrations Anti-Student Policies!.

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With the beginning of the new semester in JNU, we are experiencing one of worst crises in JNU due to a lack of hostel accommodation for new students. Despite persistent demands from the student community for additional hostels and temporary accommodation facilities in dormitories, the JNU administration continues with its familiar dilly-dallying tactics and its characteristic insensitivity and callousness towards genuine student demands. At the same time, the same administration is hyper-active when it comes to pushing through anti-student policies! .

We have seen time and again that the JNU administration is willing to employ every trick in the book, every devious ploy, in order to push through its favoured policies through hook or crook. The manner in which the administration is promoting its latest formula for segregating hostels on the basis of single seaters and double seaters is yet another indicator of how this administration functions. In order to drum up support for this absurd, anti-student proposal (which is nothing but an assault on JNUs democratic ethos), the administration has been shamefully peddling spurious data. .

Following are SOME of the anomalies in the official data which was provided to Hostel Presidents: .

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The DSW claims that Ganga Hostel has 122 single seats and 91 double seaters. This data is patently false and misleading: it is a well-known fact that Ganga has far more double seaters than single seaters. Moreover, the DSW itself claims that the total number of available rooms in Ganga is 205! Does 122 + 91 amount to 205?! May we ask the Dean of Students to do some elementary arithmetic before issuing official data to justify his proposals? In reality, Ganga has 69 single seaters and 136 double seaters (a total of 205 rooms), as per information available with the caretaker of the hostel. .

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The data for Lohit Hostel also reveals the arithmetic gymnastics that the DSW has desperately resorted to: the DSW data claims that there are 52 single seater and 120 double seater rooms in the hostel. Then, the DSW does some amazing arithmetic to claim that the total number of rooms in the hostel is 192! Does the DSW expect that the student cannot correctly add up 52 and 120?! .

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Similarly, in the case of Periyar Hostel, the DSW claims that 60 + 135 is 194! .

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In the case of Sutlej Hostel, the DSW claims that there are 127 single seater rooms and only 66 double seater rooms. Again it is well known that this hostel has more double seaters than single seaters. .

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And finally, the DSW has resorted to yet another mistake in adding up figures: the total number of single seaters and double seaters tabulated in Col 4 and Col 5 of the table provided to the student community is 1596 and 1418 respectively, according to the DSW. However, even of one were to go by the fraudulent and .

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tabulation at CNE with UNV's. Photo by Martine Perret/UNMIT 15 October 2009.

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