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the old Inland Steel operations, now owned by Cleveland-Cliffs.

The cover from a publicity brochure, dated 1935, and in French entitled "coup d œil d'ensemble sur l'entreprise" and that describes the massive, vertical integrated company of Fried.Krupp Aktiengesellschaft, Essen. Krupp's have a long history, dating back to 1811 in Essen where they were foremost in the industrial development of the Ruhr and indeed, now merged with Thyssen, their HQ is still in Essen, a city once regarded as a company town.

 

By 1935 this vast company, manufacturing iron and steel as well as armaments, machinery, locomotives, shipbuilding and vehicles, was already thoroughly enmeshed in the economy of the National Socialist state and they, along with the family members who ran the concern, would be active participants in Germany's rearmament and complicit the country's conduct of the Second World War.

 

The brochure was gifted to a visiting French businessman ; the cover shows a forging press of 15,000t capacity at the main Essen works. The design is clearly contemporary in its style and layout.

D34 and D38 at the then AiS Wongawilli mine loader on a foggy day in 1984. D34 is a one-off English Electric Co-Co loco built in Rocklea QLD in 1969. The 1435mm loco with its 12CSVT Mk II prime mover is preserved in Lithgow.

 

D38 is a D35 class loco, also an English Electric loco built in Rocklea QLD in 1975, but Bo-Bo with a 6CSRKT Mk II prime-mover. D38 was scrapped by Pacific National in 2018.

 

BHP was the parent company to AiS and owned and operated the Wongawilli mine from 1935 to 2007. During this time the mine’s coal was used for the steel works at Port Kembla. The mine was mothballed in 2016 but was expected to re-open.

 

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Switcher and slug move cut of bottle cars away from the Basic Oxygen furnaces.

Cleveland-Cliffs, former Inland Steel

Overview of US Steel's Gary works.

A very fine Victorian engraving of a steel shop in the Bessemer Works, Sheffield, that Henry Bessemer erected to work his own patents and method that was to help revolutionise steel production and help bring about the 'second' Industrial Revolution. The view here is, to my view, wonderfully tame - in reality the Bessemer and similar processes for steel production are amongst the most visual of all industrial manufacturing. To blow air through several tons of molten iron is frankly spectacular. Sheffield is acknowledged as having been the world's centre of metal making in the 19th and early 20th century - "Steel City".

The majestic, massive, superhot, deafening loud and utterly menacing underbelly of the steel smelting furnace. This isn't a manipulated image. That man really stood there and he really was this puny!

This was a single, handheld exposure made with Canon 5DMk2 and Nikon AF-S Zoom Nikkor 14-24mm f/2.8G ED AF Lens mounted on top of the Novoflex Eos Nik adapter.

Everything is on an immense, grand scale. . .

Little tiny switcher dumps iron at the Basic Oxygen Furnace.

Cleveland-Cliffs steel mill

Moving bottle cars at the Basic Oxyden Furnaces.

Torpedo cars moving away from Basic Oxygen furnaces at US Steel's Gary Works.

  

EMD switch engine is dwarfed by the scale of the Basic Oxygen Furnaces at Gary.

delivering iron from furnace 7 to the old Inland operation now operated by Cleveland-Cliffs

Photo citation: Ted Auch, FracTracker Alliance, 2021. Aerial support provided by LightHawk.

 

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A panoramic view of the Steel Of West Virginia steel mini-mill located in Huntington WV. I was able to take a tour of the steel mill one time. It was cool to watch them melt a large kettle of steel using giant electrodes, then dumping the molten steel through some sort of extruder to make large steel bars called billets, then watching the billets get rolled back and forth while being turned into an I-beam.

©2011 Rick Childers All Rights Reserved

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A marvellous trade brochure issued by the well known Samuel Fox & Co. Ltd. of Stocksbridge, Sheffield, and detailing their range of "Red Fox" heat resistance steels; these were available in various grades such as Austentic, Martensitic and Ferritic and various forms and finishes including sheet, strip, bar and wire.

 

The brochure is interesting in that it was issued in 1944, printed at Percy Lund Humphries in Bradford, and is an unusual example of complex high quality colour printing in wartime. The designer is Henri Kay Henrion. Henrion (1914 - 1990) was another of the German born emigré designers who moved to the UK in the 1930s. In the early years of WW2 he was interned as an 'enemy alien' but as can be seen he working; famously, for the British war effort Henrion designed much of the "Dig for Britain" campaign run by the Ministry of Information. In post-war years he became art director at the influential Contact Books before in 1951 setting up his own design studios. He had numerous commercial clients and as well as teaching became a noted exhibition designer.

 

As well as the red fox dominating the cover, the motif is repeated across all pages of the brochure.

 

Samuel Fox & Co. Ltd. had been a part of the United Steel Companies since its formation in 1918. Their origins were as wire drawers in 1842 and they turned to the manufacturing of their own steel in time becoming famous for their steel umbrella frames - the mark of a "Fox's Frame" was for decades the sign of one of the best you could buy. Their works at Stocksbridge became a home to many highly specialised steels and after many changes in ownership and structure the site in South Yorkshire still produces specialist steels. Sadly the manufacture of Fox's Frames ceased in 1970.

Produced by Samuel Fox and Company Limited, The Fox Magazine offers a fascinating insight into the social world of Fox’s, recalling those who worked there, the daytrips, the social clubs, the sports teams and everything else Fox-related!

 

Back issues dating from the 1940s are available to view at Sheffield Local Studies Library.

 

For more information on historical sources relating to Stocksbridge at Sheffield Archives and Local Studies Library see our Study Guide at: www.sheffield.gov.uk/libraries/archives-and-local-studies...

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