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Between 350,000 and 300, 000 years ago, Flake Side- Scrapers were created and used daily to help its creators complete simple tasks. In Stanley H. Ambrose's article, “Paleolithic Technology and Human Evolution”, Ambrose discusses the beginning of tools and one of the first creatures to use them, Chimpanzees. In fact, Chimpanzees used a variety of tools to accomplish daily tasks. Stone tools, like the one sketched above, were used to help them eat meat, crack nuts, or break things. Interestingly, Ambrose mentions that female Chimpanzees used the tools on a more frequent basis and presented more skills in using them than males did. The evolution of those primitive tools to more modern day tools is most likely impacted by the people who used them and how they developed their skills. Typically, in present day, males tend to be the ones more knowledgeable when using tools and other technological advances. I wonder where in the evolution of humans and tools did the gender roles change? Later on in the article, Ambrose addresses the debate of who was actually the first toolmaker. Originally, people believed the first toolmaker was homo habilus but now, with this new theory regarding chimpanzees and the similarities between their tools and that of human ancestors, scientists are questioning their data. Maybe we are more closely connected to Chimpanzees than we thought? It will be interesting to see what more data brings to the table.
Another modern style photo in greyscale and looks incredible. I'll have to go into Downtown LA more often. Great places to photograph.
We had to dig deep into storage to find the ice scraper. That is our car, parked in Casa Grande, Arizona. We had a cold, damp, night of it.
Now, they had a huge amount of snow in Northern Arizona, at the high elevations. We are supposed to be in the valley, south of Phoenix.
Brrrr....
With its unusually high angle (about 90°), this scraper will not give you a smooth surface!
But it has its usage, namely for accurately scraping the surface of a piece of wood.
Among other things, it is very useful for the set up of a Japanese wood plane (Kanna) for removing a tiny amount of wood between the contact points (front and back of the plane as well as directly in front of the blade).
A last minute gift. Nice toasty ice scraper mitten. Photographed in my front hall- note all the snow!
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The specific image of Warsaw in the winter of 2012. Redevelopment main artery associated with a new subway line. Black-and-white photograph of strongly contrasting light and shadow shows the character of this city.