sciatica photos on Flickr

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 8, Nos. 1-4, 1914 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

2

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 8, Nos. 1-4, 1914

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1914

Language: eng

Table of Contents

Number 1

Preface v

Special articles:

The application of psychiatry to certain military problems, by W. A.

White, M. D 1

Schistosomiasis on the Yangtze River, with report of cases, by R. H.

Laning, assistant surgeon, United States Navy 16

A brief discussion of matters pertaining to health and sanitation,

observed on the summer practice cruise of 1913 for midshipmen of the third

class, by J. L. Neilson, surgeon, United States Navy 36

Technique of neosalvarsan administration, and a brief outline of the

treatment for syphilis used at the United States Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., by

W. Chambers, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 45

Some notes on the disposal of wastes, by A. Farenholt, surgeon, United States

Navy 47

The medical department on expeditionary duty, by R. E. Hoyt, surgeon, United

States Navy 51

A new brigade medical outfit, by T. W. Richards, surgeon, United States

Navy 62

Early diagnosis of cerebrospinal meningitis; report of 10 cases, by G.

F. Cottle, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 65

Comments on mistakes made with the Nomenclature, 1913, Abstract of patients

(Form F), and the Statistical report (Form K), by C. E. Alexander, pharmacist,

United States Navy 70

Classification of the United States Navy Nomenclature, 1913, by C. E. Alexander,

pharmacist, United States Navy 75

On the methods employed for the detection and determination of

disturbances in the sense of equilibrium of flyers. Translated by H. G. Beyer,

medical director, United States Navy, retired 87

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 107

Additions to the helminthological collection 107

Suggested devices:

A portable air sampling apparatus for use aboard ship, by E. W. Brown, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 109

A new design for a sanitary pail 111

Clinical notes:

A case of paresis, with apparent remission, following neosalvarsan, by R.

F. Sheehan, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 113

Case reports from Guam, by E. O. J. Eytinge, passed assistant surgeon, United

States Navy 116

Stab wound of ascending colon; suture; recovery, by H. C. Curl,

surgeon, United States Navy 123

Perforation of a duodenal ulcer, by H. F. Strine, surgeon, United

States Navy 124

Two cases of bone surgery, by R. Spear, surgeon, United States Navy 125

Editorial comment:

Brig. Gen. George II. Torney, Surgeon General United States Army 127

Medical ethics in the Navy 127

Medical officers in civil practice 128

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —Some anatomic and physiologic principles concerning

pyloric ulcer. By H. C. Curl. Low-priced clinical thermometers; a warning. By.

L. W. Johnson. The value of X-ray examinations in the

diagnosis of ulcer of the stomach and duodenum. The primary cause of

rheumatoid arthritis. Strychnine in heart failure. On the treatment of

leukaemia with benzol. By A. W. Dunbar and G. B. Crow 131

Surgery. — Surgical aspects of furuncles and carbuncles. Iodine

idiosyncrasy. By L. W. Johnson. Rectus transplantation for deficiency of

internal oblique muscle in certain cases of inguinal hernia. The technic of

nephro- pyelo- and ureterolithotomy. Recurrence of inguinal hernia. By H. C.

Curl and R. A. Warner 138

Hygiene and sanitation. —Ozone: Its bactericidal, physiologic and

deodorizing action. The alleged purification of air by the ozone machine. By E.

W. Brown. The prevention of dental caries. Gun-running operations in the

Persian Gulf in 1909 and 1910. The croton bug (Ectobia germanica) as a factor

in bacterial dissemination. Fumigation of vessels for the destruction of rats.

Improved moist chamber for mosquito breeding. The necessity for international

reforms in the sanitation of crew spaces on

merchant vessels. By C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell 143

Tropical medicine. —The transmissibility of the lepra bacillus by the

bite of the bedbug. By L. W. Johnson. A note on a case of loa loa. Cases of

syphilitic pyrexia simulating tropical fevers. Verruga peruviana, oroya fever

and uta. Ankylostomiasis in Nyasaland. Experimental entamoebic dysentery. By E.

R. Stitt ... 148

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. —The relation of the spleen

to the blood destruction and regeneration and to hemolytic jaundice: 6, The

blood picture at various periods after splenectomy. The presence of tubercle

bacilli in the feces. By A. B. Clifford and G. F. Clark 157

Chemistry and pharmacy. —Detection of bile pigments in urine. Value of the

guaiacum test for bloodstains. New reagent for the detection of traces of

blood. Estimation of urea. Estimation of uric acid in urine. By E. W. Brown and

O. G. Ruge 158

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. —Probable deleterious effect of salvarsan

on the eye. Effect of salvarsan on the eye. Fate of patients with

parenchymatous keratitis due to hereditary lues. Trachoma, prevalence of, in

the United States. The exploratory needle puncture of the maxillary antrum in

100 tuberculous individuals. Auterobic organisms associated with acute

rhinitis. Toxicity of human tonsils. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible 160

Miscellaneous. —Yearbook of the medical association of

Frankfurt-am-Main. By R. C. Ransdell 163

Reports and letters:

Notes on the Clinical Congress of Surgeons. By G. F. Cottle, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 167

Number 2

Preface v

Special articles:

Report of the fourteenth annual meeting of the American Roentgen Ray Society,

by J. R. Phelps, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy. 171

Typhoid perforation; five operations with three recoveries, by G. G.

Holladay, assistant surgeon, Medic al Reserve Corps, United States Navy 238

A satisfactory method for easily obtaining material from syphilitic

lesions, by E. R. Stitt, medical inspector, United States Navy 242

An epidemic of measles and mumps in Guam, by C. P. Kindleberger, surgeon,

United States Navy 243

The feeble-minded from a military standpoint, by A. R. Schier, acting assistant

surgeon, United States Navy 247

The Towne-Lambert elimination treatment of drug addictions, by W. M. Kerr,

passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 258

Medical experiences in the Amazonian Tropics, by C. C. Ammerman, assistant

surgeon, Medical Reserve Corps, United States Navy 270

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 281

Additions to the helminthologieal collection 281

Suggested devices:

An easy method for obtaining blood cultures and for preparing blood

agar, by E. R. Stitt, medical inspector, and G. F. Clark, passed assistant surgeon,

United States Navy 283

Humidity regulating device on a modern battleship, by R. C. Ransdell, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 284

Clinical notes:

Lateral sinus thrombosis, report of case, by G. F. Cottle, passed

assistant surgeon. United States Navy 287

Twenty-two cases of poisoning by the seeds of Jatropha curcai, by J. A.

Randall, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 290

Shellac bolus in the stomach in fatal case of poisoning by weed

alcohol, by H. F. Hull and O. J. Mink, passed assistant surgeons, United States

Navy 291

A case of pneumonia complicated by gangrenous endocarditis, by G. B. Crow,

passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 292

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —On progressive paralysis in the imperial navy during

the years 1901-1911. By H. G. Beyer. An etiological study of Hodgkin's disease.

The etiology and vaccine treatment of Hodgkin's dis

ease. Coryncbacterium hodgkini in lymphatic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease.

Autointoxication and subinfection. Studies of syphilis. The treatment of the

pneumonias. Whooping cough: Etiolcgy, diagnosis, and vaccine treatment. A new

and logical treatment for alcoholism. Intraspinous injection of salvarsanized

serum in the treatment of syphilis of the nervous system, including tabes and

paresis. On the infective nature of certain cases of splenomegaly and Banti's

disease. The etiology and vaccine treatment of Hodgkin's disease. Cultural

results in Hodgkin's disease. By A. W. Dunbar and G. B. Crow 295

Surgery- Interesting cases of gunshot injury treated at Hankow during

the revolution of 1911 and 1912 in China. The fool's paradise stage in

appendicitis. By L. W. Johnson. The present status of bismuth paste treatment

of suppurative sinuses and empyema. The inguinal route operation for femoral

hernia; with supplementary note on Cooper's ligament. By R. Spear and R. A.

Warner 307

Hygiene and sanitation. — A contribution to the chemistry of

ventilation. The use of ozone in ventilation. By E. \V. Brown. Pulmonary

tuberculosis in the royal navy, with special reference to its detection and

prevention. An investigation into the keeping properties of condensed milks at

the temperature of tropical climates. By C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell 313

Tropical medicine. —Seven days fever of the Indian ports. By L. W.

Johnson. Intestinal schistosomiasis in the Sudan. Disease carriers in our army

in India. Origin and present status of the emetin treatment of amebic

dysentery. The culture of leishmania from the finger blood of a case of Indian

kala-azar. By E. R. Stitt 315

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. —The isolation of

typhoid bacilli from feces by means of brilliant green in fluid medium. By C.

N. Fiske. An efficient and convenient stain for use in the eeneral examination

of blood films. By 0. B. Crow. A contribution to the epidemiology of

poliomyelitis. A contribution to the pathology of epidemic poliomyelitis. A

note on the etiology of epidemic

oliomyelitis. Transmutations within the streptococcus-pneumococcus

group. The etiology of acute rheumatism, articular and muscular. By A. B.

Clifford and G. F. Clark 320

Chemistry and pharmacy.— Centrifugal method for estimating albumin in

urine. Detection of albumin in urine. New indican reaction A report on the

chemistry, technology, and pharmacology of and the legislation pertaining to

methyl alcohol. By E. W. Brown and O. O. Ruge. . 325

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. —The use of local anesthesia in

exenteration of the orbit. Salvarsan in

ophthalmic practice. The effect of salvarsan on the eye. Total blindness

from the toxic action of wood alcohol, with recovery of vision under negative

galvanism. Furunculosis of the external auditory canal; the use of alcohol as a

valuable aid in treatment. Local treatment of Vincent's angina with salvarsan.

Perforated ear drum may be responsible for sudden death in water. The indications

for operating in acute mastoiditis. Turbinotomy. Why is nasal catarrh so

prevalent in the United States? By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible 330

Miscellaneous. — The organization and work of the hospital ship Re d’

Italia. ByG. B. Trible 333

Reports and letters:

Correspondence concerning the article "Some aspects of the

prophylaxis of typhoid fever by injection of killed cultures," by Surg. C.

S. Butler, United States Navy, which appeared in the Bulletin, October, 1913

339

Malaria on the U. S. S. Tacoma from February, 1913, to February, 1914.

by I. S. K. Reeves, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 344

Extracts from annual sanitary reports for 1913 345

Number 3

Preface vii

Special articles:

Economy and waste in naval hospitals, by E. M. Shipp, surgeon, and P.

J. Waldner, chief pharmacist, United States Navy 357

The new method of physical training in the United States Navy, by J. A.

Murphy, surgeon, United States Navy 368

A study of the etiology of gangosa in Guam, by C. P. Kindleberger,

surgeon, United States Navy 381

Unreliability of Wassermann tests using unheated serum, by E. R. Stitt,

medical inspector, and G. F. Clark, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy 410

Laboratory note on antigens, by G. F. Clark, pasted assistant surgeon,

United States Navy 411

Prevention of mouth infection, by Joseph Head, M. D., D. D. S 411

The Medical Department at general quarters and preparations for battle,

by A. Farenholt, surgeon, United States Navy 421

A bacteriological index for dirt in milk, by J. J. Kinyoun, assistant

surgeon, Medical Reserve Corps, United States Navy 435

Brief description of proposed plan of a fleet hospital ship, based upon

the type auxiliary hull, by E. M. Blackwell, surgeon, United States Navy.. 442

The diagnostic value of the cutaneous tuberculin test in recruiting, by

E. M. Brown, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy, retired 448

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 453

Suggested devices:

A sanitary mess table for hospitals, by F. M. Bogan, surgeon, United

States Navy 455

A suggested improvement of the Navy scuttle butt, by E. M. Blackwell,

surgeon, United States Navy 455

Clinical notes:

Malaria cured by neosalvarsan, by F. M. Bogan, surgeon, United States

Navy 457

A case of rupture of the bladder with fracture of the pelvis, by H. F.

Strine, surgeon, and M. E. Higgins, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy. 458

Clinical observations on the use of succinimid of mercury, by T. W.

Reed, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 459

Points in the post-mortem ligation of the lingual artery, by O. J.

Mink, passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 462

Notes on the wounded at Vera Cruz, by H. F. Strine, surgeon, and M. E.

Higgins, passed assistant surgeon. United States Navy 464

Case reports from the Naval Hospital, Portsmouth, N. H., by F. M.

Bogan, surgeon, United States Navy 469

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —The mouth in the etiology and symptomatology of

general systemic disturbances. Statistique m£dicale de la marine, 1909. By L.

W. Johnson. Antityphoid inoculation. Vaccines from the standpoint of the

physician. The treatment of sciatica. Chronic gastric ulcer and its relation to

gastric carcinoma. The nonprotein nitrogenous constituents of the blood in

chronic vascular nephritis

(arteriosclero-iis) as influenced by the level of protein metabolism.

The influence of diet on hepatic necrosis and toxicity of chloroform. The

rational treatment of tetanus. The comparative value of cardiac remedies. By A.

W. Dunbar and G. B. Crow

Psychiatry. —Abderhalden's method. Precis de psychiatric Constitutional

immorality. Nine years' experience with manic-depressive insanity. The pupil

and its reflexes in insanity. By R. F. Sheehan.

Surgery. —On the occurrence of traumatic dislocations (luxationen) in

the Imperial German Navy during the last 20 years. By H. G. Beyer. The wounding

effects of the Turkish sharp-pointed bullet. By T. W. Richards. Intestinal

obstruction: formation and absorption of toxin. By G. B. Crow

Hygiene and sanitation. —Relation of oysters to the transmission of

infectious diseases. The proper diet in the Tropics, with some pertinent remarks

on the use of alcohol. By E. W. Brown. Report of committee

upon period of isolation and exclusion from school in cases of

communicable disease. Resultats d'une enquete relative a la morbidity venerienne

dans la division navale d'Extreme-Orient et aux moyens susceptibles de la

restreindre. Ship's hygiene in the middle of the seventeenth century- Progress in

ship's hygiene during the nineteenth century. The origin of some of the

streptococci found in milk. On the further perfecting of mosquito spraying. By

C. N. Fiske and R. C. Ransdell

Tropical medicine. — Le transport, colloidal de medicaments dans le cholera.

By T. W. Richards. Cholera in the Turkish Army. A supposed case of yellow fever

in Jamaica. By L. W. Johnson. Note on a new geographic locality for balantidiosis.

Brief note on Toxoplasma pyroqenes. Note on certain protozoalike bodies in a

case of protracted fever with splenomegaly. The emetine and other treatment of

amebic dysentery and hepatitis, including liver abscess. A study of epidemic dysentery

in the Fiji Islands. By E. R. Stitt

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. — The best method of staining

Treponema pallidum. By C. N. Fiske. Bacteriological methods of meat analysis.

By R. C. Ransdell. Primary tissue lesions in the heart produced by Spirochete

pallida. Ten tests by which a physician may determine when p patient is cured

of gonorrhea. Diagnostic value of percutaneous tuberculin test (Moro). Some

causes of failure of vaccine therapy. A method of increasing the accuracy and

delicacy of the Wassermann reaction: By A. B. Clifford and G. F. Clark

Chemistry and pharmacy. —Quantitative test of pancreatic function. A comparison

of various preservatives of urine. A clinical method for the rapid estimation

of the quantity of dextrose in urine. By E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. —Intraocular pressure. Strauma as an

important factor in diseases of the eye. Carbonic cauterization "in the

treatment of granular ophthalmia. Ocular and other complications of syphilis treated

by salvarsan. Some notes on hay fever. A radiographic study of the mastoid. Ear

complications during typhoid fever. Su di un caso di piccola sanguisuga

cavallina nel bronco destro e su 7 casi di grosse sanguisughe cavalline in

laringe in trachea e rino-faringe. By E. J. Grow and G. B. Trible

Reports and letters:

American medico-psychological association, by R. F. Sheehan, passed assistant

surgeon, United States Navy 517

Report of 11 cases of asphyxiation from coal gas, by L. C. Whiteside,

passed assistant surgeon, United States Navy 522

Extracts from annual sanitary reports for 1913 — United States Naval

Academy, Annapolis, Md., by A. M. D. McCormick, medical director, United States

Navy 523

U. S. S. Arkansas, by W. B. Grove, surgeon, United States Navy 524

Marine barracks, Camp Elliott, Canal Zone, Panama, by B. H. Dorsey, passed

assistant surgeon, United States Navy 525

U. S. S. Cincinnati, by J. B. Mears, passed assistant surgeon. United States

Navy 526

U. S. S. Florida, by M. S. Elliott, surgeon, United States Navy 527

Naval training station, Great Lakes, Ill., by J. S. Taylor, surgeon, United

States Navy 527

Naval station, Guam, by C. P. Kindleberger, surgeon, United States Navy

528

Naval Hospital, Las Animas, Colo., by G. H. Barber, medical inspector, United

States Navy 532

U. S. S. Nebraska, by E. H. H. Old, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy 533

U. S. S. North Dakota, by J. C. Pryor, surgeon, United States Navy. .

534

Navy yard, Olongapo, P. L, by J. S. Woodward, passed assistant surgeon,

United States Navy 536

U. S. S. San Francisco, by T. W. Reed, passed assistant surgeon, United

States Navy 537

U. S. S. Saratoga, by H. R. Hermesch, assistant surgeon, United States Navy

538

U. S. S. Scorpion, by E. P. Huff, passed assistant surgeon, United States

Navy 538

U. S. S. West Virginia, by O. J. Mink, passed assistant surgeon, United

States Navy 539

Number 4

Preface V

Special articles:

Some prevailing ideas regarding the treatment of tuberculosis, by

Passed Asst. Surg. G. B. Crow 541

The Training School for the Hospital Corps of the Navy, by Surg. F. E. McCullough

and Passed Asst. Surg. J. B. Kaufman 555

Khaki dye for white uniforms, by Passed Asst. Surg. W. E. Eaton 561

Some facts and some fancies regarding the unity of yaws and syphilis,

by Surg. C. S. Butler 561

Quinine prophylaxis of malaria, by Passed Asst. Surg. L. W. McGuire 571

The nervous system and naval warfare, translated by Surg. T. W.

Richards. 576

Measles, by Surg. G. F. Freeman 586

Smallpox and vaccination, by Passed Asst. Surg. T. W. Raison 589

Rabies; methods of diagnosis and immunization, by Passed Asst. Surg. F.

X. Koltes 597

Syphilis aboard ship, by Passed Asst. Surg. G. F. Cottle 605

Systematic recording and treatment of syphilis, by Surg. A. M.

Fauntleroy and Passed Asst. Surg. E. H. H. Old 620

Organization and station bills of the U. S. naval hospital ship Solace,

by Surg. W. M. Garton 624

United States Naval Medical School laboratories:

Additions to the pathological collection 647

Additions to the helminthological collection 647

Clinical notes:

Succinimid of mercury in pyorrhea alveolaris, by Acting Asst. Dental Surg.

P. G. White 649

A case of pityriasis rosea, by Surg. R. E. Ledbetter 651

Emetin in the treatment of amebic abscess of the liver, by Surg. H. F. Strine

and Passed Asst. Surg. L. Sheldon, jr 653

Salvarsan in a case of amebic dysentery, by Passed Asst. Surg. O. J.

Mink. . 653

Laceration of the subclavian artery and complete severing of brachial plexus,

by Surg. H. C. Curl and Passed Asst. Surg. C. B. Camerer 654

Malarial infection complicating splenectomy, by Surg. H. F. Strine 655

A case of gastric hemorrhage; operative interference impossible, by

Passed Arst. Surg. G. E. Robertson 656

Operation for strangulated hernia, by Passed Asst. Surg. W. S. Pugh 657

A case of bronchiectasis with hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy,

by Passed Asst. Surg. L. C. Whiteside 658

Editorial comment:

Systematic recording and treatment of syphilis 665

Progress in medical sciences:

General medicine. —A note of three cases of enteric fever inoculated

during the incubation period. By T. W. Richards. The modern treatment of

chancroids. The treatment of burns. By W. E. Eaton. Experiments on the curative

value of the intraspinal administration of tetanus antitoxin. Hexamethylenamin.

Hexamethylenamin as an internal

antiseptic in other fluids of the body than urine. Lumbar puncture as a special

procedure for controlling headache in the course of infectious diseases.

Cardiospasm. Acromion auscultation; a new and delicate test in the early

diagnosis of incipient pulmonary tuberculosis.

Diabetes mellitus and its differentiation from alimentary glycosuria.

The complement fixation test in typhoid fever; its comparison with the

agglutination test and blood culture method. By C. B. Crow.. 671

Mental and nervous diseases. —A voice sign in chorea. By G. B. Crow.

Wassermann reaction and its application to neurology. Epilepsy: a theory of

causation founded upon the clinical manifestations and the therapeutic and

pathological data. Salvarsanized serum (Swift-Ellis treatment) in syphilitic diseases

of the central nervous system. Mental manifestations in tumors of the brain.

Some of the broader issues of the psycho-analytic n movement. Mental disease

and defect in United States troops. By R. Sheehan 6S1

Surgery. — Infiltration anesthesia. War surgery. Tenoplasty; tendon transplantation;

tendon substitution; neuroplasty. Carcinoma of the male breast. Visceral

pleureotomy for chronic empyema. By A. M. Fauntleroy and E. H. H. Old 6S8

Hygiene and sanitation. — Further experiences with the Berkefold filter

in the purifying of lead-contaminated water. By T. W. Richards. Experiments in

the destruction of fly larvae in horse manure. By A. B. Clifford. Investigation

relative to the life cycle, brooding, and tome practical moans of reducing the

multiplication of flies in camp. By W. E. Eaton, Humidity and heat stroke;

further observations on an analysis of

50 cases. By C. N. Fiske 693

Tropical medicine. — The treatment of aneylostoma anemia. Latent dysentery

or dysentery carriers. Naphthalone for the destruction of mosquitoes. Emetin in

amebic dysentery. By E. R. Stitt 704

Pathology, bacteriology, and animal parasitology. —Meningitis by

injection of pyogenic microbes in the peripheral nerves. The growth of pathogenic

intestinal bacteria in bread. Present status of the complement fixation test in

the diagnosis of gonorrheal infections. Practical application of the luetin

test. By A. B. Clifford and G. F. Clark 707

Eye, ear, nose, and throat. — Misting of eyeglasses. By E. L. Sleeth.

The treatment of ocular syphilis by salvarsan and neo salvarsan. The moving

picture and the eye. Treatment of various forms of ocular syphilis with

salvarsan. Rapid, painless, and bloodless method for removing the inferior

turbinate. Hemorrhage from the superior petrosal sinus. The frequency of

laryngeal tuberculosis in Massachusetts.

Intrinsic cancer of larynx. Treatment of hematoma of the auricle. By E.

J. Grow and G. B. Trible 709

Reports and letters:

Care of wounded at Mazatlan and at Villa Union, by Medical Inspector S.

G. Evans 713

Medico-military reports of the occupation of Vera Cruz 715

If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.

Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.

Read/Download from the Internet Archive

See all images from this book

See all MHL images published in the same year

New Year by Durley Beachbum

2 5

Our Daily Challenge 1-7 January : Welcome

I apologise to all of you for so little commenting on my part on your wonderful pictures: I have horrible sciatica and cannot sit for more than a few minutes at a time, although I can walk and lie down OK. So I can't drive either.

It is incredibly frustrating as I can neither knit or draw, and have to read standing up. A wasted 6 weeks so far, but hopefully the medication will eventually work.

widower witth sciatica by Kare Sætre

5 2

EPSON MFP image

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

2

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1911

Language: eng

Vol. 5, No. 1 Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1 Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1 Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4 Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6 Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12 Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13 The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29 The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38 United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41 The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43 Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43 Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46 A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46 The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle, by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51 An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62 Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53 Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67 A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58 Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58 Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59 Current comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61 Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61 New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63 A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67 General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67 A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67 Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships; oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87 Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95 Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99 Medical zoology - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease (preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana, P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102 Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine; E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work; preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... . .. . . . .. . . 109 A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109 Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910, C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114 Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W. Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117 The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122 Vol. 5, No. 2 Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii Special articles.....................125 The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and H. A. Garrison ...................... 125 Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134 Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142 Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144 Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145 Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145 Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites, by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147 The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148 Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N. Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149 United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159 An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159 Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . . 161 Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162 Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163 An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163 A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H. Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164 Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167 A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168 Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M. Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169 A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171 Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173 Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173 A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178 Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178 A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar, by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180 A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181 Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181 Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182 An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183 Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K. Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190 Current comment... .. .................................................... 193 Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193 The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194 Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195 Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196 The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197 Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197 A correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197 Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198 Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199 General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199 Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213 Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226 Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237 Pathology and bacteriology - A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240 Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266 Reports and letters ............ 267 The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W. Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267 Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269 Vol. 5, No. 3 Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v Special articles: · Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271 Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A. Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313 United States Medical School laboratories: Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321 The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328 Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 Suggested devices: An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331 Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A. Angwin .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Clinical notes: Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335 Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336 Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy, by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338 Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340 Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341 Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342 A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345 Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B. Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346 Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F. Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348 A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349 Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350 A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351 Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352 Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353 An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354 Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355 Current comment: Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357 Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358 Progress in medical sciences: General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361 Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365 Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377 Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389 Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392 Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E. Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400 Reports and letters: Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405 Vol. 5, No. 4 Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v Special articles: The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L. Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430 Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M. George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485 Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451 Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455 Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air, by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457 The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459 Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461 The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462 United States Naval Medical School laboratories: Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465 Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465 Suggested devices: An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467 An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469 Clinical notes: Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471 A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472 A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474 Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477 A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479 A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S. Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481 Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482 Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486 An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488 Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W. Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490 Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491 Current comment : Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493 Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494 Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495 The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496 Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498 New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498 The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498 Progress in medical sciences: General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501 Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511 Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518 Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523 Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E . Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528 Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532 Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Defective vision and its bearing on the question of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538 Reports and letters: American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550 Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550 Index to volume V ...............559 Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559 Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... . 570

If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.

Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.

Read/Download from the Internet Archive

See all images from this book

See all MHL images published in the same year

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

2

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1911

Language: eng

Vol. 5, No. 1 Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1 Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1 Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4 Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6 Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12 Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13 The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29 The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38 United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41 The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43 Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43 Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46 A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46 The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle, by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51 An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62 Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53 Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67 A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58 Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58 Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59 Current comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61 Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61 New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63 A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67 General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67 A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67 Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships; oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87 Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95 Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99 Medical zoology - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease (preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana, P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102 Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine; E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work; preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... . .. . . . .. . . 109 A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109 Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910, C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114 Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W. Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117 The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122 Vol. 5, No. 2 Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii Special articles.....................125 The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and H. A. Garrison ...................... 125 Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134 Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142 Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144 Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145 Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145 Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites, by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147 The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148 Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N. Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149 United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159 An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159 Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . . 161 Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162 Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163 An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163 A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H. Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164 Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167 A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168 Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M. Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169 A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171 Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173 Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173 A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178 Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178 A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar, by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180 A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181 Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181 Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182 An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183 Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K. Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190 Current comment... .. .................................................... 193 Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193 The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194 Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195 Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196 The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197 Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197 A correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197 Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198 Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199 General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199 Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213 Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226 Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237 Pathology and bacteriology - A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240 Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266 Reports and letters ............ 267 The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W. Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267 Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269 Vol. 5, No. 3 Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v Special articles: · Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271 Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A. Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313 United States Medical School laboratories: Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321 The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328 Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 Suggested devices: An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331 Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A. Angwin .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Clinical notes: Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335 Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336 Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy, by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338 Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340 Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341 Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342 A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345 Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B. Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346 Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F. Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348 A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349 Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350 A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351 Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352 Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353 An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354 Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355 Current comment: Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357 Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358 Progress in medical sciences: General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361 Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365 Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377 Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389 Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392 Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E. Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400 Reports and letters: Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405 Vol. 5, No. 4 Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v Special articles: The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L. Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430 Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M. George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485 Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451 Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455 Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air, by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457 The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459 Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461 The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462 United States Naval Medical School laboratories: Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465 Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465 Suggested devices: An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467 An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469 Clinical notes: Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471 A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472 A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474 Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477 A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479 A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S. Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481 Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482 Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486 An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488 Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W. Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490 Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491 Current comment : Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493 Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494 Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495 The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496 Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498 New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498 The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498 Progress in medical sciences: General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501 Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511 Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518 Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523 Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E . Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528 Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532 Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Defective vision and its bearing on the question of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538 Reports and letters: American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550 Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550 Index to volume V ...............559 Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559 Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... . 570

If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.

Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.

Read/Download from the Internet Archive

See all images from this book

See all MHL images published in the same year

Thomas Frederick Cooper (Tommy Cooper) Statue By James Done, Caerphilly Castle, Caerphilly, Wales. by PHOTOGRAPHY by DM & DBM.

1

This bronze sculpture of the Caerphilly-born comedian Tommy Cooper stands 2.7m (9 feet) tall, atop a natural stone and granite plinth. Created by sculptor James Done, it depicts him wearing his trademark fez.

Thomas Frederick Cooper was born in Llwyn Onn Street, Caerphilly, in 1921 to Gertrude and Thomas H Cooper, a Welsh army recruiting sergeant. The landlady of the Cooper family’s lodgings delivered the baby. Tommy spent his first three years in Caerphilly but suffered breathing problems because at that time heavy industry polluted the air in the South Wales Valleys. The family therefore moved to coastal Exeter, Gertrude’s home city.

His talent for comedy emerged while he served with the army in the Second World War, when he performed for fellow soldiers. During a show in the Middle East, he mislaid his usual pith helmet and borrowed a fez from a local man. It produced such riotous laughter that a fez remained part of his stage persona.

He made his television debut in 1947 and was soon a household name. His act centred on short, silly jokes, clumsiness and magic tricks which went wrong. He collapsed and died of a heart attack on stage during a live broadcast, watched by millions, in 1984.

In 2003 some of his many fans established the Caerphilly-based Tommy Cooper Society. Its ambition of erecting a statue of the comedian in his home town was realised in 2008, when Hollywood actor Sir Anthony Hopkins (the society's patron) performed the unveiling.

Thomas Frederick Cooper (19 March 1921 – 15 April 1984) was a Welsh-born prop comedian and magician of Anglo-Welsh parentage. As an entertainer, his appearance was large and lumbering at 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m), and he habitually wore a red fez when performing. He initially served in the British Army for seven years, before eventually developing his conjuring skills and becoming a member of The Magic Circle. Although he spent time on tour performing his magical act, which specialised on magic tricks that appeared to "fail", he rose to international prominence when his career moved into television, with programmes for London Weekend Television and Thames Television.

By the end of the 1970s, Cooper was smoking and drinking heavily, which affected his career and his health, effectively ending offers to front new programmes and relegating him to performing as a guest star on other entertainment shows. On 15 April 1984, Cooper died at the age of 63 after suffering a heart attack live on television.

Thomas Frederick Cooper was born on 19 March 1921 at 19, Llwyn-On Street in Caerphilly, Glamorgan. He was delivered by the woman who owned the house in which the family were lodging. His parents were Thomas H. Cooper, a Welsh recruiting sergeant in the British Army and later coal miner, and Catherine Gertrude (née Wright), Thomas's English wife from Crediton, Devon.

To change from his mining role in Caerphilly, that could have had implications for his health, his father accepted the offer of a new job and the family moved to Exeter, Devon, when Cooper was three. It was in Exeter that he acquired the West Country accent that became part of his act. As an adult and on a visit to Wales to visit the house where he was born, Cooper was asked if he considered himself to be a Welshman, to which he answered, "Well yes, my father's Welsh... and my mother's from Devon. Actually I was in Caerphilly and left here when I was about a year old, I was getting very serious with a girl", much to the amusement of the BBC interviewer and himself.

When he was eight years old an aunt bought him a magic set and he spent hours perfecting the tricks. In the 1960s his brother David (born 1930) opened D. & Z. Cooper's Magic Shop at 249 High Street in Slough, Buckinghamshire. The shop later moved to Eastbourne, East Sussex and was run by David's daughter Sabrina. After leaving school, Cooper became a shipwright in Southampton, Hampshire. In 1940 he was called up as a trooper in the Royal Horse Guards, serving for seven years. He joined Montgomery's Desert Rats in Egypt. Cooper became a member of a Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes (NAAFI) entertainment party, and developed an act around his magic tricks interspersed with comedy. One evening in Cairo, during a sketch in which he was supposed to be in a costume that required a pith helmet, having forgotten the prop Cooper reached out and borrowed a fez from a passing waiter, which got huge laughs. He wore a fez when performing after that, the prop later being described as "an icon of 20th-century comedy".

Cooper was demobilized after seven years of military service and took up show business on Christmas Eve 1947. He later developed a popular monologue about his military experience as "Cooper the Trooper". He worked in variety theatres around the country and at many night spots in London, performing as many as 52 shows in one week.

Cooper developed his conjuring skills and became a member of The Magic Circle, but there are various stories about how and when he developed his delivery of "failed" magic tricks:

He was performing to his shipbuilding colleagues when everything went wrong, but he noticed that the failed tricks got laughs.

He started making "mistakes" on purpose when he was in the Army.

His tricks went wrong at a post-war audition, but the panel thoroughly enjoyed them anyway.

To keep the audience on their toes Cooper threw in an occasional trick that worked when it was least expected.

Cooper was influenced by Laurel and Hardy, Will Hay, Max Miller, Bob Hope, and Robert Orben.

In 1947 Cooper was booked by Miff Ferrie, a musician, to appear in a show starring the sand dance act Marqueeze and the Dance of the Seven Veils. This was followed by a European tour and work in pantomime, and concluded with a season at the Windmill Theatre. Ferrie remained Cooper's sole agent for 37 years, until Cooper's death in 1984.

Cooper rapidly became a top-liner in variety with his turn as the conjurer whose tricks never succeeded, but it was his television work that raised him to national prominence. After his debut on the BBC talent show New to You in March 1948 he began starring in his own shows, and was popular with audiences for nearly 40 years, notably through his work with London Weekend Television from 1968 to 1972 and with Thames Television from 1973 to 1980. Thanks to his many television shows during the mid-1970s he was one of the most recognisable comedians in the world.

John Fisher writes in his biography of Cooper: "Everyone agrees that he was mean. Quite simply he was acknowledged as the tightest man in show business, with a pathological dread of reaching into his pocket." One of Cooper's stunts was to pay the exact taxi fare and when leaving the cab slip something into the taxi driver's pocket, saying, "Have a drink on me." That something would turn out to be a tea bag.

By the mid-1970s alcohol had started to erode Cooper's professionalism and club owners complained that he turned up late or rushed through his show in five minutes. In addition he suffered from chronic indigestion, lumbago, sciatica, bronchitis and severe circulation problems in his legs. When Cooper realised the extent of his maladies he cut down on his drinking, and the energy and confidence returned to his act. However, he never stopped drinking and could be fallible: on an otherwise triumphant appearance with Michael Parkinson he forgot to set the safety catch on the guillotine illusion into which he had cajoled Parkinson, and only a last-minute intervention by the floor manager saved Parkinson from serious injury or worse.

Cooper was a heavy cigar smoker (up to 40 a day) as well as an excessive drinker. Cooper suffered a heart attack on 22 April 1977 while performing a show in Rome. Three months later he was back on television in Night Out at the London Casino.

By 1980 his drinking meant that Thames Television would not give him another starring series, and Cooper's Half Hour was his last. He did continue to appear as a guest on other television shows, however, and worked with Eric Sykes on two Thames productions in 1982.

On 15 April 1984, Cooper collapsed from a heart attack in front of 12 million viewers, midway through his act on the London Weekend Television variety show Live from Her Majesty's, transmitted live from Her Majesty's Theatre in Westminster, London. An assistant had helped him put on a cloak for his sketch, while Jimmy Tarbuck, the host, was hiding behind the stage curtains waiting to pass him different props that he would then appear to pull from inside his gown. His last words seemed to be "Thank you, love," to the assistant seconds before collapsing. The assistant smiled at him as he slumped down, believing that it was part of the act. Likewise, the audience laughed as he fell backwards, as a hand (possibly Tarbuck's hand) briefly appeared from behind the curtain to reach out towards Cooper.

As Cooper lay dying on the floor, the audience continued to laugh at him believing it was part of the act. Around this time, Jimmy Tarbuck, Alasdair MacMillan (the director of the television production), and the crew behind the curtain who witnessed the incident realised that what was happening to him was not part of the act. The laughter from the audience began to die down as they realised Cooper was unable to get back up.

In the wings, show producer David Bell asked Cooper's son if the fall was part of the act. He replied that his father had a bad back, and would be unable to get back up if he fell on purpose. After it became apparent that Cooper was in trouble, Alasdair MacMillan cued the orchestra to play music for an unscripted commercial break (noticeable because of several seconds of blank screen while LWT's master control contacted regional stations to start transmitting advertisements) and Tarbuck's manager tried to pull Cooper back through the curtains.

It was decided to continue with the show. Dustin Gee and Les Dennis were the act that had to follow Cooper and performed in the limited space in front of the curtains. Two stools were positioned either side of the protrusion from behind the curtain where Cooper had collapsed, whilst efforts were being made to revive him. The following act, Howard Keel, performed as Cooper was moved (evident by the twitching of the curtains as he sang and the disappearance of the protrusion as he finished performing). After another commercial break, the curtain was removed, and he was taken by ambulance to Westminster Hospital, where he was pronounced dead on arrival. His death was not officially reported until the next morning, although the incident was the leading item on the news programme that followed the show.

Cooper's funeral was held at Mortlake Crematorium in London, after which his son scattered his ashes in the back garden, over his father's favourite daffodils.

The video of Cooper's heart attack on stage has been uploaded to numerous video-sharing websites. YouTube drew criticism from a number of sources when footage of the incident was posted on the website in May 2009. John Beyer of the pressure group Mediawatch-UK said: "This is very poor taste. That the broadcasters have not repeated the incident shows they have a respect for him and I think that ought to apply also on YouTube." On 28 December 2011, segments of the Live from Her Majesty's clip, including Cooper collapsing on stage, were included in the Channel 4 programme The Untold Tommy Cooper.

Cooper married Gwen Henty in Nicosia, Cyprus, on 24 February 1947. She died in 2002. They had two children: Thomas, who was born in 1956, became an actor under the name Thomas Henty and died in 1988; and Victoria.

From 1967 until his death, Cooper also had a relationship with his personal assistant, Mary Fieldhouse, who wrote about it in her book, For the Love of Tommy (1986).

Cooper's will was proved via probate on 29 August 1984, at £327,272.

On Christmas Day 2018, the documentary Tommy Cooper: In His Own Words was broadcast on Channel 5. The programme featured Cooper's daughter, Vicky, who gave her first television interview following years of abstaining "because of the grief".

A statue of Cooper was unveiled in his birthplace, Caerphilly, in 2008 by Sir Anthony Hopkins, who is patron of the Tommy Cooper Society. The statue, which cost £45,000, was sculpted by James Done. In 2009, for Red Nose Day, a charity Red Nose was put on the statue, but the nose was stolen.

Cooper was a member of the Grand Order of Water Rats.

In a 2005 poll, The Comedians' Comedian, comedians and comedy insiders voted Cooper the sixth greatest comedy act ever. He has been cited as an influence by Jason Manford and John Lydon. Jerome Flynn has toured with his own tribute show to Cooper called Just Like That.

In February 2007 The Independent reported that Andy Harries, a producer of The Queen, was working on a dramatisation of the last week of Cooper's life. Harries described Cooper's death as "extraordinary" in that the whole thing was broadcast live on national television. The film subsequently went into production over six years later as a television drama for ITV. From a screenplay by Simon Nye, Tommy Cooper: Not Like That, Like This was directed by Benjamin Caron and the title role was played by David Threlfall. It was broadcast 21 April 2014.

In 2010 Cooper was portrayed by Clive Mantle in a stage show, Jus' Like That! A Night Out with Tommy Cooper, at the Edinburgh Festival. To train for the role Mantle mastered many of Cooper's magic tricks, studying under Geoffrey Durham for several months.

In 2012 the British Heart Foundation ran a series of advertisements featuring Cooper to raise awareness of heart conditions. These included posters bearing his image together with radio commercials featuring classic Cooper jokes.

Being Tommy Cooper, a new play written by Tom Green and starring Damian Williams, was produced by Franklin Productions and toured the UK in 2013.

In 2014, with the support of The Tommy Cooper Estate and Cooper's daughter Victoria, a new tribute show, Just Like That! The Tommy Cooper Show, commemorating 30 years since the comedian's death was produced by Hambledon Productions. The production moved to the Museum of Comedy in Bloomsbury, London, from September 2014 and continues to tour extensively throughout the UK.

In May 2016, a blue plaque in memory of Cooper was unveiled at his former home in Barrowgate Road, Chiswick. It was announced in August that the Victoria and Albert Museum had acquired 116 boxes of Cooper's papers and props, including his "gag file", in which the museum said he had used a system to store his jokes alphabetically "with the meticulousness of an archivist".

On 5 March 2021, BBC One aired the 30-minute documentary Tommy Cooper at the BBC, looking at his best performances, including his appearance on the Parkinson show where he almost killed Michael Parkinson with a trick guillotine. The programme, which celebrated the centenary of his birth, was presented by Sir Lenny Henry.

Caerphilly Castle is a medieval fortification in Caerphilly in South Wales. The castle was constructed by Gilbert de Clare in the 13th century as part of his campaign to maintain control of Glamorgan, and saw extensive fighting between Gilbert, his descendants, and the native Welsh rulers. Surrounded by extensive artificial lakes – considered by historian Allen Brown to be "the most elaborate water defences in all Britain" – it occupies around 30 acres (12 ha) and is the largest castle in Wales and the second-largest castle in the United Kingdom after Windsor Castle. It is famous for having introduced concentric castle defences to Britain and for its large gatehouses. Gilbert began work on the castle in 1268 following his occupation of the north of Glamorgan, with the majority of the construction occurring over the next three years at a considerable cost. The project was opposed by Gilbert's Welsh rival Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, leading to the site being burnt in 1270 and taken over by royal officials in 1271. Despite these interruptions, Gilbert successfully completed the castle and took control of the region. The core of Caerphilly Castle, including the castle's luxurious accommodation, was built on what became a central island, surrounding by several artificial lakes, a design Gilbert probably derived from that at Kenilworth. The dams for these lakes were further fortified, and an island to the west provided additional protection. The concentric rings of walls inspired Edward I's castles in North Wales, and proved what historian Norman Pounds has termed "a turning point in the history of the castle in Britain".

The castle was attacked during the Madog ap Llywelyn revolt of 1294, the Llywelyn Bren uprising in 1316 and during the overthrow of Edward II in 1326–27. In the late 15th century, however, it fell into decline and by the 16th century the lakes had drained away and the walls were robbed of their stone. The Marquesses of Bute acquired the property in 1776 and under the third and fourth Marquesses extensive restoration took place. In 1950 the castle and grounds were given to the state and the water defences were re-flooded. In the 21st century, the Welsh heritage agency Cadw manages the site as a tourist attraction.

Caerphilly Castle was built in the second half of the 13th century, as part of the Anglo-Norman expansion into South Wales. The Normans began to make incursions into Wales from the late 1060s onwards, pushing westwards from their bases in recently occupied England. Their advance was marked by the construction of castles and the creation of regional lordships. The task of subduing the region of Glamorgan was given to the earls of Gloucester in 1093; efforts continued throughout the 12th and early 13th centuries, accompanied by extensive fighting between the Anglo-Norman lords and local Welsh rulers. The powerful de Clare family acquired the earldom in 1217 and continued to attempt to conquer the whole of the Glamorgan region.

In 1263, Gilbert de Clare, also known as "Red Gilbert" because of the colour of his hair, inherited the family lands. Opposing him in Glamorgan was the native Welsh prince Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. Llywelyn had taken advantage of the chaos of the civil war in England between Henry III and rebel barons during the 1260s to expand his power across the region. In 1265 Llywelyn allied himself with the baronial faction in England in exchange for being granted authority over the local Welsh magnates across all the territories in the region, including Glamorgan. De Clare believed his lands and power were under threat and allied himself with Henry III against the rebel barons and Llywelyn.

The baronial revolt was crushed between 1266 and 1267, leaving de Clare free to advance north into Glamorgan from his main base in Cardiff. De Clare started to construct a castle at Caerphilly to control his new gains in 1268. The castle lay in a basin of the Rhymney Valley, alongside the Rhymney River and at the heart of network of paths and roads, adjacent to a former Roman fort.. Work began at a huge pace, with ditches cut to form the basic shape of the castle, temporary wooden palisades erected and extensive water defences created by damming a local stream. The walls and internal buildings were built at speed, forming the main part of the castle. The architect of the castle and the precise cost of the construction are unknown, but modern estimates suggest that it could have cost as much as castles such as Conwy or Caernarfon, perhaps as much as £19,000, a huge sum for the period.

Llywelyn responded by intervening with his own forces but outright conflict was prevented by the diplomatic efforts of Henry III. De Clare continued building work and in 1270 Llywelyn responded by attacking and burning the site, probably destroying the temporary defences and stores. De Clare began work again the following year, raising tensions and prompting Henry to send two bishops, Roger de Meyland and Godfrey Giffard, to take control of the site and arbitrate a solution to the dispute.

The bishops took possession of the castle later in 1271 and promised Llywelyn that building work would temporarily cease and that negotiations would begin the following summer. In February of the next year, however, de Clare's men seized back the castle, threw out the bishops' soldiers, and de Clare – protesting his innocence in these events – began work once again. Neither Henry nor Llywelyn could readily intervene and de Clare was able to lay claim to the whole of Glamorgan. Work on the castle continued, with additional water defences, towers and gatehouses added.

Llywelyn's power declined over the next two decades. In 1276 Henry's son, Edward I, invaded Wales following a dispute with the prince, breaking his power in South Wales, and in 1282 Edward's second campaign resulted in Llwelyn's death and the collapse of independent Welsh rule. Further defences were added to the walls until work stopped around 1290. Local disputes remained. De Clare argued with Humphrey de Bohun, the earl of Hereford, in 1290 and the following year the case was brought before the king, resulting in the temporary royal seizure of Caerphilly.

In 1294 Madog ap Llywelyn rebelled against English rule, the first major insurrection since the 1282 campaign. The Welsh appear to have risen up over the introduction of taxation and Madog had considerable popular support. In Glamorgan, Morgan ap Maredudd led the local uprising; Morgan had been dispossessed by de Clare in 1270 and saw this as a chance to regain his lands. Morgan attacked Caerphilly, burning half of the town, but failed to take the castle. In the spring of 1295 Edward pressed home a counter-attack in North Wales, putting down the uprising and arresting Madog. De Clare attacked Morgan's forces and retook the region between April and May, resulting in Morgan's surrender. De Clare died at the end of 1295, leaving Caerphilly Castle in a good condition, linked to the small town of Caerphilly which had emerged to the south of it and a large deer park in the nearby Aber Valley.

Gilbert's son, also called Gilbert de Clare, inherited the castle, but he died fighting at the battle of Bannockburn in 1314 while still quite young. The family's lands were initially placed under the control of the Crown, but before any decision could be taken on the inheritance, a revolt broke out in Glamorgan. Anger over the actions of the royal administrators caused Llywelyn Bren to rise up in January 1316, attacking Caerphilly Castle with a large force of men. The castle withstood the attack, but the town was destroyed and the rebellion spread. A royal army was despatched to deal with the situation, defeating Bren in a battle at Caerphilly Mountain and breaking the Welsh siege of the castle.

In 1317 Edward II settled the inheritance of Glamorgan and Caerphilly Castle on Eleanor de Clare, who had married the royal favourite, Hugh le Despenser. ]Hugh used his relationship with the king to expand his power across the region, taking over lands throughout South Wales. Hugh employed Master Thomas de la Bataile and William Hurley to expand the Great Hall at the castle, including richly carved windows and doors. In 1326, however, Edward's wife, Isabella of France, overthrew his government, forcing the king and Hugh to flee west. The pair stayed in Caerphilly Castle at the end of October and early November, before leaving to escape Isabella's approaching forces, abandoning the extensive stores and £14,000 held at the castle. William la Zouche besieged the castle with a force of 425 soldiers, cornering the constable, Sir John de Felton, Hugh's son – also called Hugh – and the garrison of 130 men inside. Caerphilly held out until March 1327, when the garrison surrendered on the condition that the younger Hugh was pardoned, his father having been already executed.

Tensions between the Welsh and the English persisted and spilled over in 1400 with the outbreak of the Glyndŵr Rising. It is uncertain what part the castle played in the conflict, but it seems to have survived intact. In 1416, the castle passed through Isabel le Despenser in marriage to her first husband Richard de Beauchamp, the earl of Worcester, and then to her second husband, Richard Beauchamp, the earl of Warwick. Isabel and her second husband invested heavily in the castle, conducting repairs and making it suitable for use as their main residence in the region. The castle passed to Richard Neville in 1449 and to Jasper Tudor, the earl of Pembroke, in 1486.

After 1486, the castle went into decline, eclipsed by the more fashionable residence of Cardiff Castle; once the sluice-gates fell into disrepair, the water defences probably drained away. Antiquarian John Leland visited Caerphilly Castle around 1539, and described it as having "waulles of a wonderful thiknes", but beyond a tower used to hold prisoners it was in ruins and surrounded by marshland. Henry Herbert, the earl of Pembroke used the castle for his manorial court. In 1583 the castle was leased to Thomas Lewis, who stripped it of much of its stone to extend his house, causing extensive damage.

In 1642 the English Civil War broke out between the Royalist supporters of Charles I and those of Parliament. South Wales was predominantly Royalist in sympathy, and during the conflict, a sconce, or small fort, was built overlooking Caerphilly Castle to the north-west, on the site of the old Roman fort. It is uncertain if this was built by Royalist forces or by the Parliamentary army that occupied the area during the final months of the war in March 1646, but the fort's guns would have dominated the interior of the castle. It is also uncertain whether or not Caerphilly Castle was deliberately slighted by Parliament to prevent its future use as a fortification. Although several towers had collapsed by the 18th century, possibly as a result of such an operation, it is probable that this deterioration was actually the result of subsidence damage caused when the water defences retreated, as there is no evidence of deliberate destruction having been ordered.

The Marquesses of Bute acquired the castle in 1776. John Stuart, the first marquess, took steps to protect the ruins. His great-grandson John Crichton-Stuart, the third marquess, was immensely rich as the result of the family's holdings in the South Wales coalfields and was passionately interested in the medieval period. He had the site fully surveyed by the architect William Frame, and reroofed the great hall in the 1870s. The marquess began a process of buying back leasehold properties around the castle with the intent of clearing back the town houses that had been built up to the edge of the site.

The fourth marquess, John Crichton-Stuart, was an enthusiastic restorer and builder and commissioned a major restoration project between 1928 and 1939. The stonework was carefully repaired, with moulds made to recreate missing pieces. The Inner East Gatehouse was rebuilt, along with several of the other towers. The marquess carried out landscaping work, with the intent of eventually re-flooding the lakes, and thanks to several decades of purchases was finally able to demolish the local houses encroaching on the view of the castle.

By 1947, when John Crichton-Stuart, the fifth marquess, inherited the castle, the Bute family had divested itself of most of its land in South Wales. John sold off the family's remaining property interests and in 1950 he gave Caerphilly Castle to the state. The lakes were re-flooded and the final stages of the restoration work were completed in the 1950s and 1960s. In the 21st century the castle is managed by the Welsh heritage agency Cadw as a tourist attraction. In 2006, the castle saw 90,914 visitors. It is protected as a scheduled monument and as a grade I listed building. The Great Hall is available for wedding ceremonies.

Caerphilly Castle comprises a set of eastern defences, protected by the Outer East Moat and the North Lake, and fortifications on the Central Island and the Western Island, both protected by the South Lake. The site is around 30 acres (120,000 m2) in size, making it the second largest in Britain. It is constructed on a natural gravel bank in the local river basin, and the castle walls are built from Pennant sandstone. The castle's architecture is famous and historically significant. The castle introduced concentric castle defences to Britain, changing the future course of the country's military architecture, and also incorporated a huge gatehouse. The castle also featured a sophisticated network of moats and dams, considered by historian Allen Brown to be "the most elaborate water defences in all Britain".

The eastern defences were reached via the Outer Main Gatehouse, which featured circular towers resting on spurred, pyramidic bases, a design particular to South Wales castles. Originally the gatehouse would have been reached over a sequence of two drawbridges, linked by an intervening tower, since destroyed. To the north side of the gatehouse was the North Dam, protected by three substantial towers, and which may have supported the castle's stables. Despite subsidence damage, the dam still holds back the North Lake. The South Dam was a massive structure, 152 metres (499 ft) long, ending in a huge buttressed wall. The remains of the castle mill – originally powered by water from the dam – survive. Four replica siege engines have been placed on display. The dam ended in Felton's Tower, a square fortification designed to protect the sluicegates regulating the water levels of the dam, and the South Gatehouse – also called Giffard's Tower – originally accessed via a drawbridge, which led into the town.

Caerphilly's water defences were almost certainly inspired by those at Kenilworth, where a similar set of artificial lakes and dams was created. Gilbert de Clare had fought at the siege of Kenilworth in 1266 and would have seen these at first hand. Caerphilly's water defences provided particular protection against mining, which could otherwise undermine castle walls during the period, and are considered the most advanced of their kind in Britain.

The central island held Caerphilly's inner defences, a roughly square design with a walled inner and middle ward, the inner ward protected by four turrets on each of the corners. The walls of the inner ward overlooked those of the middle ward, producing a concentric defence of two enclosed rings of walls; in the medieval period, the walls of the middle ward would have been much higher than today, forming a more substantial defence. Caerphilly was the first concentric castle in Britain, pre-dating Edward I's famous programme of concentric castles by a few years. The design influenced the design of Edward's later castles in North Wales, and historian Norman Pounds considers it "a turning point in the history of the castle in Britain". Probable subsidence has caused the south-east tower in the Inner Ward to lean outwards at an angle of 10 degrees.

Access to the central island occurred over a drawbridge, through a pair of gatehouses on the eastern side. Caerphilly Castle's Inner East Gatehouse, based on the gatehouse built at Tonbridge in the 1250s, reinforced a trend in gatehouse design across England and Wales. Sometimes termed a keep-gatehouse, the fortification had both exterior and interior defences, enabling it to be defended even if the perimeter of the castle was breached. Two huge towers flanked the gatehouse on either side of an entrance that was protected by portcullises and murder-holes. The substantial size of the gatehouse allowed it to be used for accommodation as well as defence and it was comfortably equipped on a grand scale, probably for the use of the castle constable and his family. Another pair of gatehouses protected the west side.

Inside the inner ward was the castle's Great Hall and accommodation. Caerphilly was built with fashionable, high-status accommodation, similar to that built around the same time in Chepstow Castle. In the medieval period the Great Hall would have been subdivided with wooden screens, colourful decorations, with rich, detailed carving and warmed by a large, central fireplace. Some carved medieval corbels in the shape of male and female heads survive in the hall today, possibly depicting the royal court in the 1320s, including Edward II, Isabella of France, Hugh Despenser and Eleanor de Clare. To the east of the Great Hall was the castle chapel, positioned above the buttery and pantry. On the west side of the hall were the castle's private apartments, two solar blocks with luxurious fittings.

Beyond the central island was the Western Island, probably reached by drawbridges. The island is called Y Weringaer or Caer y Werin in Welsh, meaning "the people's fort", and may have been used by the town of Caerphilly for protection during conflicts. On the north-west side of the Western Island was the site of the former Roman fort, enclosing around 3 acres (1.2 ha), and the remains of the 17th-century civil-war fortification built on the same location.

The long-running British television show Doctor Who chose Caerphilly Castle as a filming location for several episodes, including "The End of Time" in 2009, "The Vampires in Venice" in 2010, two parter "The Rebel Flesh" and "The Almost People" in 2011; “Robot of Sherwood" in 2014 and “Heaven Sent” in 2015. For "The End of Time", producers used the residential quarters of the East Gatehouse, Constable's Hall and Braose Gallery for the filming of a dungeon in the fictional Broadfell Prison.

Caerphilly is a town and community in Wales. It is situated at the southern end of the Rhymney Valley.

It is 7 mi (11 km) north of Cardiff and 12 mi (19 km) northwest of Newport. It is the largest town in Caerphilly County Borough, and lies within the historic borders of Glamorgan, on the border with Monmouthshire. At the 2011 Census, the town had a population of 41,402 while the wider Caerphilly local authority area had a population of 178,806.

The name of the town in Welsh, Caerffili, means "the fort (caer) of Ffili". Despite lack of evidence, tradition states that a monastery was built by St Cenydd, a sixth-century Christian hermit from the Gower Peninsula, in the area. The Welsh cantref in the medieval period was known as Senghenydd. It is said that St Cenydd's son, St Ffili, built a fort in the area, giving the town its name. An alternative explanation is that the town was named after the Anglo-Norman Marcher Lord, Philip de Braose.

The town's site has long been of strategic significance. Around AD 75 a fort was built by the Romans during their conquest of Britain. An excavation of the site in 1963 showed that the fort was occupied by Roman forces until the middle of the second century.

Following the Norman invasion of Wales in the late 11th century, the area of Sengenhydd remained in Welsh hands. By the middle of the 12th century, the area was under the control of the Welsh chieftain Ifor Bach (Ifor ap Meurig). His grandson Gruffydd ap Rhys was the final Welsh lord of Sengenhydd, falling to the English nobleman Gilbert de Clare, the Red Earl, in 1266.[6] In 1267 Henry III was forced to recognise Llywelyn ap Gruffudd as Prince of Wales, and by September 1268 Llywelyn had secured northern Sengenhydd. Gilbert de Clare had already begun to take steps to consolidate his own territorial gains, beginning the construction of Caerphilly Castle on 11 April 1268. The castle would also act as a buffer against Llewelyn's own territorial ambitions and was attacked by the Prince of Wales' forces before construction was halted in 1270. Construction recommenced in 1271 and was continued under the Red Earl's son, Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester. With only interior remodelling carried out to the castle by Hugh le Despenser in the 1320s, Caerphilly Castle remains a pure example of 13th century military architecture and is the largest castle in Wales, and the second largest in Britain (after Windsor).

The original town of Caerphilly grew up as a small settlement raised just south of the castle by De Clare. After the death of Gilbert de Clare at the battle of Bannockburn in 1314, Edward II became guardian of De Clare's three sisters and heiresses. In 1315 he replaced de Badlesmere with a new English administrator, Payn de Turberville of Coity, who persecuted the people of Glamorgan. Then, like many in northern Europe at the time, the region was in the throes of a serious famine. In coming to the defence of his people, Llywelyn Bren, the great-grandson of Ifor Bach and Welsh Lord of Senghenydd incurred the wrath of de Turberville, who charged him with sedition. Llywelyn appealed to Edward II to call off or control his self-interested agent, but Edward ordered Llywelyn to appear before Parliament to face the charge of treason. The King promised Llywelyn that if the charges were found true, he would be hanged. Llywelyn fled and prepared for war. On 28 January 1316, Llywelyn began the revolt with a surprise attack on Caerphilly Castle. He captured the constable outside the castle and the outer ward, but could not break into the inner defences. His forces burned the town, slaughtered some of its inhabitants and started a siege. The town was rebuilt but remained very small throughout the Middle Ages. The first evidence of its emerging importance was the construction of a court house in the 14th century, the only pre-19th century building apart from the castle that remains in the town.

At the beginning of the 15th century the castle was again attacked, this time by Owain Glyndŵr, who took control of it around 1403–05. Repairs to the castle continued until at least 1430, but just a century later the antiquary John Leland recorded that the castle was a ruin set in marshland, with a single tower being used as a prison. In the mid-16th century the 2nd Earl of Pembroke used the castle as a manorial court, but in 1583 the castle was leased to Thomas Lewis, who accelerated its dilapidation by removing stonework to build his nearby manor, the Van. The Lewis family, who claimed descent from Ifor Bach, left the manor in the mid-18th century when they purchased St Fagans Castle, the Van falling into decay.

During the 1700s, Caerphilly began to grow into a market town. During the 19th century, as the South Wales Valleys underwent massive growth through industrialisation, so too the town's population grew. Caerphilly railway station was opened in 1871, and in 1899 the Rhymney Railway built their Caerphilly railway works maintenance facilities; however, the expansion of the population in the 19th century was more to do with the increasing market for coal.

Caerphilly is separated from the Cardiff suburbs of Lisvane and Rhiwbina by Caerphilly mountain. The town is known outside Wales for Caerphilly cheese.

Salem or Seattle? by Oh Kaye

4 30

Photo taken, for Our Daily Challenge: Direction or Directions. The view is in Portland Oregon, from the NE12th Ave overpass over the Banfield Freeway (I-84) approaching the I-5 split.

And The Flickr Lounge Monthly Daily Theme: Wheels

Applied Ribbet's gritty effect.

(Update on my health: The diagnosis is sciatica. Comments will be limited because I have to stand at my computer. It is too painful to sit. Driving a car is excruciating. But, I walk just fine. Mild activity is encouraged. I won't be traveling for a while, though. Had to cancel a February trip to Big Bend National Park in Texas. )

Working With Poppy and Pot in the Rain. by Mike Childs

6

A change of camera and a change of pace for me - the sciatica was playing up again this morning.

A Week in Tokyo 201509 by Danny Choo

Then after I got back from Taiwan, I spent two days sitting up on the 3rd floor prepping this post - my spinal hernia didn't like it and I woke up the following morning with the most pain I've ever felt in my entire life - I thought last time was bad but this was just horrible to the point where I was biting my pillow and screaming into it. I eventually started to punch the walls too. I had no idea how I was going to get through the pain. None of the painkillers I had worked either and the TENS (electrical therapy) unit did nothing.

Wifey took me to the hospital to get an epidural injection in the spine to alleviate the pain and I layed in bed for a week. The pain was so bad I could not sit at all and if it wasn't for the washlet we had at home, I could not even wipe my botty properly.

Laying in bed for a week not being able to do anything has you thinking a lot about stuff - and studying too about my condition - Sciatica - pain that runs down the Sciatic Nerve which is caused by a bulging or herniated disc.

I want to share my knowledge about the condition with others so will write up a different post on the subject.

I would like to thank the folks who have been sending me messages of encouragement and also thought that I would mention that during the same period, I continued to get messages from others who complained about how I "let the Culture Japan brand die" by working on Smart Doll and failing to update the site.

In life there will always be folks out there who don't understand so don't waste time explaining yourself because people who support you don't need to hear it - and people who hate you won't want to listen anyway.

View more at www.dannychoo.com/en/post/27315/A+Week+in+Tokyo+201509.html

Man back pain by vali_muga

6 8

416-410-9339 Ext 2 / www.trigenics.ca

GOT PAIN?

Tried The Rest?

Try The Best!!

Try Trigenics®

Trigenics® is a revolutionary, neurological treatment system that instantly relieves pain, accelerates healing, restores strength and movement, and corrects meridian energy problems.

Trigenics® treats your nervous system to reset the way your brain communicates with your body.

Trigenics® neuromanual treatment interactively combines three treatment techniques applied at the same time to create a cumulative effect, which is much greater than if it would be had received only one. Trigenics® can be used from a western or eastern medicine perspective

For more information about Trigenics click here...

CONDITIONS TREATED

TRIGENICS is remarkably effective in providing relief for many conditions such as:

- Acute or chronic injuries

- All forms of tendonitis including:

- Tennis elbow

(lateral epicondylitis)

- Golfer's elbow

(medial epicondylitis),

- All sprain/ strain injuries,

- Asthma,

- Carpal tunnel syndrome,

- Disc herniations

- Energetic conditions,

- Frozen shoulder,

- Generalized stress or

anxiety related conditions

- Headaches,

- Jaw pain (TMJ),

- Joint conditions,

- Leg pain from sciatica,

- Muscular conditions,

- Neck pain,

- Neurological conditions:

- Stroke

- Trigeminal neuralgia

- Bells palsy

- Spinal cord injuries

- Birth trauma

- Cerebral palsy

- Multiple sclerosis

- Organic conditions,

- Pain syndromes,

- Plantar fasciitis,

- Pre and post joint surgeries

and joint replacement surgeries

- Radiating arm and head pain,

- Sports injuries,

- Thoracic outlet syndrome,

- Upper and lower back pain,

- Whiplash/ auto accidents,

- Wry neck (torticollis)

416-410-9339 eXT 2

cascade springs in march by Fr. Tony Grossenburg

4 8

View On Black

CASCADE SPRINGS

Cascade Springs, located about 8 miles (13 km) south of.

Hot Springs, is the largest single springs in the Black Hill of.

South Dakota (Rahn and Gries, 1973). It issues forth at the.

contact of the Minnekahta and Spearfish formations, and has.

a steady discharge of 67oF (19oC) and a total discharge of 22.5.

cfs (637 L/s). Total dissolved solids are 2530 ppm (mg/L).

with 1540 ppm sulfate, 568 ppm calcium, 235 ppm.

bicarbonate, 92 ppm magnesium, 62 ppm chloride, 60 ppm.

sodium, 22 ppm silica, 1 ppm fluoride, and <1 ppm iron. The.

pH is 7.0..

The Carlsbad Springs Company opened a 52 x 122 foot.

(16 x 37 m) cut-stone bath house and sanitarium in 1893. The.

interior was finished with highly polished marbles and hard.

wood, costly tiling, and French plate mirrors. The three-story.

72-room hotel (96 x 87 feet - 29 x 26 m) contained 56 bath.

rooms, and hot and cooling rooms of marble (Carlsbad Spring.

Company prospectus, undated)..

The original prospectus was issued for a capital stock of.

$600,000 divided into 12,000 shares. The company also.

proposed to develop 2500 lots. They state in the prospectus:.

“The springs (seven in number), whence the.

town derives its name, are located in a lovely valley..

While all possess valuable medicinal properties, they.

differ greatly; the waters of one are identical with the.

famous Carlsbad Springs of Germany (now the.

Czech Republic); another’s are strongly impregnated.

with iron; a third with magnesia; a fourth with.

sulphur; while still another’s are largely composed.

of phosphates.”.

“These wonderful waters relieve and cure.

rheumatism, gout, stiff joints, contractions of.

muscles and skin, old wounds, skin diseases,.

scrofula, scrofulous ulcerations and enlargement of.

glands, prostrations from long standing sickness or.

from debility following the use of powerful.

medicines, spinal diseases, sciatica, lumbago,.

neuralgia, nervous affections, partial, progressive,.

lead and writer’s paralysis, St. Vitus dance, muscular.

and general debility, catarrhs of all kinds, dyspepsia,.

Bright’s disease, diabetes, goitre locomotor, ataxia,.

blood poisons, anaemia, spanormia, hemorrhoids,.

piles, uterine diseases, change of life, sterility,.

mercurial disease and mercuria, and on spholetic.

lesions these waters have a marvelous effect on these.

loathsome and obstinate affections.”.

“The chemical analysis of these waters show.

them superior as a remedial agent to any others.

heretofore in use. Rheumatism, a disease primarily.

of the kidneys, but affecting the muscles and joints.

from uric acid, is invariably cured by these waters..

No failure of a case need be recorded if the patient.

will use a proper course of treatment at Cascade.

Springs.”.

Several stone buildings and a group of dwelling houses.

were erected in this proposed resort city. The railroad failed.

to come through, however, and the town was abandoned. ~ taken from geoheat.oit.edu/bulletin/bull18-4/art2.pdf

Come On Give Us A Smile:-) by Bigbird3

9 10

I went to the doctor's on Monday evening to chase up my MRI results - he had no details of them so I was feeling pretty fed up. He did give me a different kind of painkiller, one that impacts differently and I have to say I have noticed a real difference and am not in agony every time I walk or sit down. And then today the doctor rang me (NHS!!) and said he had chased up my MRI scan and he was pleased to report that there was no bones broken in my hip (I didn't think there were) and that it was tissue damage which will take around 6 to 8 weeks to heal. I had sciatica many years ago and I would say that the pain is the same as that, so I am off to my chiropractor tomorrow as she has helped me before. Anyway after weeks in pain I am beginning to see the light - although it may be a drug addled light - lol

Whew @coredeforce Mma Plyo kicked my rear tonight. Great workout. Lots of sweat. So much my ass was wet. Good stuff. #mmaplyo #workout #workhard #sciatica #herniateddiscs #flauntit #strongwomen by Jennifer Piper

10 5

Sciatica by tina negus

1 6

Sciatica

I can trace the course of my sciatic nerve,

draw its position beneath the skin with felt-tip,

black and fuzzy-edged, or maybe

red, for pain.

From its emergence at its source, nudging me

into awareness of its eventual destination,

it loops merrily around my hip, circumnavigating my right buttock:

a right pain in the arse.

It descends to the thigh, briefly halting to draw attention

to the exact spot where muscle is at its most sensitive

and negotiates the knee.

What indulgence it finds here choosing between the direct route

to ultimate discomfort, or playful experimentation

of alternative pathways!

Then on down to the calf, exquisitely delineating a diagram

worthy of a medical textbook, now here, now there,

reminding me of the just-remembered miracle of a pain-free limb.

Then with unerring accuracy, it seizes upon my once damaged heel,

treating it to a parody of numbness, numb that is, whilst still allowing

the possibility of pain, of jangling nerve endings, of pins and needles

and a multiplicity of other sharp metallic objects, inserted

and jiggled-about-a-bit.

Nerve-glides, advises Nick by e-mail,

who has survived the symptoms,

stretches and ice says our OT son, who has it too.

Try an osteopath, says Helen, daily on the phone, we all see one.

Eat these, says the doc, impossibly young to be prescribing strong meds,

and eat these too, to counteract the side-effects of the first lot.

I inspect the leg, yet again, for reassurance: it looks ok,

or as ok as it ever does, flabby in parts, white and hairy,

bearing scars of past thorns and grazes, coloured delicately

in a choice shade of varicose vein.

One thing I do know: sitting at the computer

writing poetry about it, does it no good at all.

Time to return to bed, with hot water bottle and book.

(Published in Star Tips for Writers. July 2013).

DIY IKEA Standing Desk by Danny Choo

3

While I was doing research on standing desks, I saw articles about how sitting down while computing was compared to smoking and how it's apparently killing us softly.

I also read about how many people try the standing desk thing for a while and give up because they get too tired. I did get very tired from time to time and tried to figure out why seeing that I used to stand up for 12 hours on end working at a Japanese restaurant without feeling tired.

I saw a trend and compared it to my time as a waiter. I noticed that I didn't feel tired when I had a load of tasks at hand to get though which was when I was most focused.

On the other hand I would start to feel tired when I was doing browsing research - during this mode I'm absorbing information rather than focusing on a task.

After 6 weeks of working at my standing desk so far, I have not had a single Sciatica attack. My toes do feel numb not no pain. I also feel must accustomed to standing when working and hardly get tired even during that "research" mode.

These days I also prefer to walk rather than bike it to and from work which is probably contributing to my recovery too.

How do you work at home and work? Any of you using a standing desk?

Which reminds me - I'm supposed to be working on a new series of OTACOOL focusing on worldwide workspaces again><

View more at www.dannychoo.com/en/post/27321/DIY+IKEA+Standing+Desk.html

Papa - The Flying Fox! by Lynn Morag

2 62

96, 2005!

There is a story behind this shot. My mother and I took my Grandfather to the Blair Drummond Safari Park. He had difficulty seeing the animals due to cataracts (now dealt with). We stopped by the boating lake where there was a pulley-ride - The Flying Fox - over the lake. Papa thought it looked wonderful and despite severe sciatica he went out for a closer look.

We were concerned when he climbed to the top to look over because we had no idea how he would manage down all the stairs again.

The young man at the top kindly explained how one should get on the t-bar to cross ...... and next minute Papa was flying over the lake!!!

My 69 year old mother was so shocked and worried she went straight over after him! It took him a while to recover from the jolt to his frail body but when he walked around the lake it was to a round of applause from those all around. This shot was taken half an hour after.

He was 93 at the time ..... and this is dedicated to him.

"Be open to your dreams, people. Embrace that distant shore. Because our mortal journey is over all too soon."

~David Assael~

More photos and drawings here:

Soon I will Fly Away

Nana & Papa

Take My Heart in My Hand

Joy Was His Song

Papa Hands

Hush of the Heart

In Memoriam - My Grandfather, 96

Young Papa

Last snow.... by tina negus

5 9

When I began this painting, snow was on the ground...now after nearly 3 months incapacitated by sciatica, I have completed it!

Hosanza Iris Flowers Oil on Canvas Impressionist Painting (Italy 20th Cent) 36 by Steven Applegate

2

Hosanza - Iris Flowers Oil on Canvas Impressionist Painting (Italy 20th Cent)

Measurements: 24" tall x 36" wide

Condition: Excellent condition. No damage or repairs. Please refer to all photos for this great vintage painting. Used only for private display.

Description: This is a beautifully hand crafted Vintage Hosanza - Iris Flowers Oil on Canvas Impressionist Painting (Italy 20th Cent). Beautiful, thickly applied paint texture with amazing color, contrast and dimension. A very nice gilded frame with fine detail. Signed in red lower right corner. The irises are light buff-orange. Orange spear signal outlined in salmon with a streak extending to the tip of the falls. (Shizuoka Sunrise x False) x Emory Smith. Robust plants with rhizomes and thick stalks which sometimes produce offsets like a daylily. Interesting color and pattern.

Yellow iris information

Kingdom:Plantae; Phylum: Anthophyta; Class:Liliopsida; Order:Liliales; Family:Iridaceae; Genus:Iris

The yellow iris is a robust plant with beautiful bright yellow flowers. The roots and bulbs are thick and fleshy, and the narrow sword-shaped leaves are bluish-green with a prominent mid-rib. Between 4 and 12 large, showy flowers are borne on a somewhat flattened stem; they vary in colour from pale yellow to almost orange. An alternative name for this species is 'segg', which derives from an Anglo-Saxon word meaning 'short sword', and refers to the shape of the leaves. The fluttering of the flowers was thought to resemble flags blowing in the breeze, hence the name 'yellow flag'.

Perfect for any collector or for practical use.

***All general responses must include name and telephone number. We will ship anywhere. Sizes are approximate.

It's the buyer's responsibility to pay customs fees, duties, import taxes, and related charges.

Note: Color of item might deviate slightly in comparison to the original article due to differences in computer monitors and different lighting conditions. Please read description of color. I personally inspect and clean each item before it posts on ebay. It will be well-packaged in bubble wrap and/or packing peanuts...etc., to withstand ordinary travel without damage.

International Buyers wait for an accurate invoice to be generated as eBay requires an estimated shipping quote to be included in all listings.

Payments must be made within 5 days.

There are no returns on this item.

Period make is estimated and not guaranteed.

Photos are taken to represent each item as clearly and thoughrouly as possible. Please review each carefully and take into consideration all details as much as possible when purchasing.

Item sold as is; no guarantee expressed or implied.

Legend of the Iris Flower

The Greek word ~Iris~ means ~rainbow.~ The flower got its name from the Greek goddess Iris, the goddess of the rainbow, who was a messenger on Mount Olympus. Iris would take messages from ~the eye of Heaven~ to earth by the arc of the rainbow. The word iris also means ~eye of heaven.~ It was the name given to the goddess, this flower, and the center of your eye. This means that each of us carries a piece of heaven with us. The iris is the symbol of Idea and Message. Greek men would often plant an iris on the graves of their beloved women as a tribute to the goddess Iris, whose duty was to take the souls of women to the Elysian fields.

The three leaves of the iris represent faith, wisdom, and valor. Iris flowers have three petals often called the ~standards~ and three outer petal-like sepals called the ~falls~. It has been a symbol of royalty and divine protection for centuries throughout the world. During the 5th Century, the iris was used for various purposes, including art, where Clovis, King of pagan Franks, created banners to illustrate royal standards for his subjects. Also, Indian and Egyptian cultures used the flower in art to depict life and resurrection.

The Fleur-de-Lis, ~a stylized Iris motif~ has symbolized France since the 13th century. It was also used by the monarchs of France to decorate their royal robes, furnishings and walls. Traditionally, it has been used to represent French royalty and is said to signify perfection, light, and life. Legend has it that an angel presented Clovis, the Merovingian king of the Franks, with a golden lily as a symbol of his purification upon his conversion to Christianity. Others claim that Clovis adopted the symbol when waterlilies showed him how to safely cross a river and succeed in battle. In the 12th century, King Louis VI became the first French monarch to use the fleur-de-lis on his shield. The iris found its way onto England's coat of arms ~British Royal Arms,~ after King Edward III laid claim to the French crown. English kings later used the symbol on their coats of arms to emphasize their claims to the throne of France. In the 14th century, the fleur-de-lis was often incorporated into the family insignia that was sewn on the knight's surcoat, which was worn over their coat of mail, thus the term, ~coat of arms.~ Joan of Arc carried a white banner that showed God blessing the French royal emblem, the fleur-de-lis, when she led French troops to victory over the English in support of the Dauphin, Charles VII, in his quest for the French throne.

The Roman Catholic Church ascribed the lily as the special emblem of the Virgin Mary. Due to its three petals, the fleur-de-lis has also been used to represent the Holy Trinity.

Military units, including divisions of the United States Army, have used the symbol's resemblance to a spearhead to identify martial power and strength.

The ~Fleur-de-lys~ was originally named the ~fleur-de-Louis,~ after Louis VII, in 1147 A.D. Through time, it changed to ~fleur-de-luce~ which means ~flower of light,~ to finally be known as today's version, the ~fleur-de-lys~ which means, ~flower of the lily.~

Irises are also known as ~flags~ or ~sword flags,~ relating them to symbols of heraldry and royalty. In Japan it expresses heroism and the blue colour refers to blue blood, so irises play a key role in the Japanese spring festival for boys.

Irises are depicted in the still life paintings of the Dutch masters and Vincent van Gogh.

Originating in the Mediterranean region and southern Europe, the Iris was considered a symbol of power by the ancient Egyptians. They placed the iris on the brow of the Sphinx and on the scepters of their kings as a symbol of power. In the year 1479 B.C. in Egypt, to commemorate his victory in Syria, King Thutmose III had pictures of irises drawn on the walls of his temple.

As a sacred flower, the Iris was credited with healing powers and was used in ancient medicine. In the first century AD, the Greek physician Dioscorides recommended iris root drunk with honey, vinegar or wine for coughs, colds, indigestion and sciatica. The root of the iris is used to make fragrances, and potpourri.

Iris is the National flower of France and has been used for the insignia and emblem of France. It has a vase life of 4 to 5 days.

for Kirstie... by Valerie Peters

5 28

I am sooooo rusty...but Rodan is a perfect model...he hardly moves for hours on end!

Dolor en el cuello de la mujer. Al tocar el cuello. by Cursos gratis

3

Dolor en el cuello de la mujer. Al tocar el cuello.

PEACE IS WALKING IN THE WOODS #chiropractor #neckpain #adjustments #footpain #herniateddisc #lymphaticdrainage #kneepain #sciatica #arthritis #physicaltherapy #shoulderpain #callgoldsonspine #spine #alternativecare #rocktape #scartissue #scoliosis #painma by Secret HealthClub

via Instagram ift.tt/1OINI5m

Welcome to Ferguson "Life" Chiropractic Centers, LLC by Ferguson Life Chiropractic Centers

drdferguson.com/ - Reach our office today at (973) 210-3838. The staff of Ferguson "Life" Chiropractic Centers, LLC, are dedicated to providing their patients with the best quality care possible. We treat our patients through chiropractic care, spinal and postural screenings, and chiropractic for pregnant women. In addition, our office is equipped with massage therapy, nutritional counseling, and corrective exercises. Come visit our office in Whippany near Livingston and Morris Plains.

This image is taken from United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911 by Medical Heritage Library, Inc.

Go to the Book with image in the Internet Archive

Title: United States Naval Medical Bulletin Vol. 5 Nos. 1-4, 1911

Creator: U.S. Navy. Bureau of Medicine and Surgery

Publisher:

Sponsor:

Contributor:

Date: 1911

Language: eng

Vol. 5, No. 1 Preface... ... . ..... . . .. ......... .. ... .... . ... . .. . .... .. . . ..... . .. . . . ..... . v Special articles ............. . ....... . . . .. . ............... . ............1 Diphtheria prophylaxis in the Navy. by C. S. Butler. .... . .. .. . ...1 Notes on "606," by Raymond Spear.. . .... .. . ... .. .. . ... ..... . ........ . . 4 Recent diagnostic methods in otology applicable to the naval service, by G. B. Trible.... . . .. .... ...... . . .......... .. .. . .. 6 Bier's method of treatment in acute gonorrheal arthritis, by H.F. Strine. 12 Problems of sanitation in landing and expeditionary service in tropical and subtropical regions, translation by P. J. Waldner.. .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . .. .. 13 The mental examination of candidates for enlistment in the Navy and Marine Corps, by Heber Butts.. . ......... . . . .............. . .... . . . .... 29 The recent outbreak of cholera in Italy, by C. J. Holeman.. ..... .. . .. . . . 38 United States Naval Medical School Laboratories... ... ... .. ... .. .......... . . 41 The United States National Museum in its relation to other Government scientific collections, by P. E . Garrison .... . . . .. . .. . ..... . ..... .,..... 41 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-August, 1910....... . ... . .... ... . . ........ . .... . 43 Recent additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 43 Suggested devices............ . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. . ... . . . ..... . . . .. . 46 A sanitary garbage-can holder, by H. C. Kellers. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 46 The blanket splint, by F. X. Koltes..... ..... ... . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Clinical notes.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Reports of four transfusions by the vein-to-vein method with curved glass tubes, by A. M. Fauntleroy.. . . . . . . . .. . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Bilateral inguino-superficial hernia with bilateral undescended testicle, by H. C. Curl...... . ..... . .. . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Larvae in the deep urethra and bladder, by H. F. Strine..... ... .. . . .. ... 51 An extensive razor wound of throat, by W. G. Farwell. ...... . ....... ..... 62 Report of two cases of heat cramps on U. S. S. Charleston, by H. A. May... 53 Fatigue and exhaustion in the fireroom, by F. G. Abeken .... ... . ... .. . . 67 A case of diabetes mellitus, by J.B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley . ........... 58 Sciatica incident to physical test (50-mile walk), by J. A. B. Sinclair..... 58 Poisoning resulting from the injection of bismuth paste, by C. B. Camerer... 59 Current comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 The medical library on the U. S. S. Solace... . ..... .. ......... .... . ... .. 61 Dioxydiamidoarsenobenzol in the treatment of syphilis. .. . .. . .. . . . . . . ... 61 New blank forms and instructions pertaining thereto.. . .. .... . ... . . ..... 63 A case of yellow fever reaches Honolulu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Progress in medical sciences. . ....... ... . .. . . . .. . . . ... . . .. . .... . ... .. ... . .. 67 General medicine. . .. .. ... . . .. . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ..... .. . .. ........ 67 A modern conception of the psychoneuroses; status thymolymphaticus and its relation to sudden death; the Cammidge test in experimental pancreatitis and other conditions; hiccough in course of diaphragmatic pleurisy treated by Laborde's method ; fatigue the cause of enuresis; pellagra, some clinical and other features of the disease; is mercury a specific in pulmonary tuberculosis; a case of an acute febrile and probably infectious disease of unknown origin; further remarks on duodenal alimentation ; pemphigoid eruptions in typhoid fever, A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson . .. . .... . ... . . . .. . ... . . . .. 67 Surgery - The special field of neurological surgery, five years later; hypodermic injections in action, suggestions for simplifying their administration; the result of 168 operations for hernia; modern treatment of fractures; report of two cases of revolver shot wound of the brain; haemophilia; the exclusion of the skin in surgery; removal of foreign bodies from the bronchi; some notes on the use of nitrous oxid and oxygen for prolonged anesthesia; the end results of prostatectomy, R. Spear and E. Thompson ... . . . .. .. . .. . .... . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Hygiene and sanitation - Ventilation of ships, particularly merchant ships; oral prophylaxis; recruiting in the German army; concerning the sources of infection in cases of venereal diseases in the city of New York; the effect of a mosquito net on the air within it, H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. .. . . .. ... . .. . .. . . .. . ... . . . . . .. . .. . . . ... . .... .. ... .... .. .. ..... 87 Tropical medicine - The rationale of quinine prophylaxis; a case of sleeping sickness studied by precise enumerative methods; statistical study of uncinariasis among white men in the Philippines, C. S. Butler.. . .. .. . .. 95 Pathology and bacteriology - A case of typhoid meningitis; complement fixation in thrombo-angiitie obliterans; personal observations on the Ehrlich-Hata "606;" certain aspects of the bacteriology of bacillary dysentery; a rapid presumptive test for diarrhea caused by the gas bacillus; investigation into the acid-fast bacteria found in the faeces with special reference to their presence in cases of tuberculosis; on the nature of the cellular elements presence in milk; infection of a still-born infant by an amoebiform protozoan (entamooba mortinatalium), O. J . Mink.. . . ..... . 99 Medical zoology - Ulcerating granuloma of the pudenda a protozoal disease (preliminary communication); report of 15 cases of hymenolepis nana, P. E. Garrison ... .... ... . ... ... .... .. ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. 102 Chemistry and pharmacy - Studies in OEdema. VI. The influence of adrenaline on absorption from the peritoneal cavity, with some remarks on the influence of calcium chloride on absorption ; the action of mercury and iodine in experimental syphilis; a protein reaction in the blood of the insane; chemistry of the antigen used in the Wassermann reaction; a lack of oxygen not a cause of death in cases of diminished air pressure; influence of mercury on the results of the serum reaction in antisyphilitic treatment; quantitative determination of albumin in the urine; E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............. . ............ ... ..... 104 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - The use of carbon dioxide snow in eye work; preliminary communication of a new method for the prevention and treatment of sympathetic ophthalmitis, E. M. Shipp......... .. . .. ... ... .. . 106 Reports and letters .. . . . ...... . .... . .... . ... . . ... . ... . .. . . . .. . . 109 A visit to the Leper Settlement, Molokai, Hawaii, J. D. Gatewood .... ... . 109 Report on the meeting of the American Public Health Association, 1910, C. N. Fiske. . ... ......... .. .. . .. . . . ... . . . ...... . . . .... .. . . ..... ... . . . 114 Report on the meeting of the American Hospital Association, 1910, A. W. Dunbar.. . .. .. .... . ... . ... .. . .. .. .. . . . .... ... ... ... .. .. .. ... . ....... 117 The latest word from Ehrlich........ . .............................. . .. 122 Vol. 5, No. 2 Preface... ... .. ... .. ........ ... .................. .... ..... .............. vii Special articles.....................125 The intravenous administration of "606" in 56 case, by G. B. Trible and H. A. Garrison ...................... 125 Ehrlich discusses "606," translation, by Dr. J.C. Bierwirth. . ...... . . . ... 134 Satisfactory results with a simplified Wassermann technique (Emery), by E. R. Stitt. ..................... 142 Further notes on the preparation of a culture medium from dried blood serum, by E. W. Brown... . . .. .... . . .. . .. .... . . ... ........ .. .. . .... 144 Note on the existence of Agchylostoma duodenale in Guam, by W. M. Kerr. .....................145 Intestinal parasites found among the crew of the U.S.S. South Dakota, by E.G. Parker. .... . ..... .. . ..... .. . ..... ...... . .... ... . . ... .. ...... . 145 Results of an examination of Filipino mess attendants for intestinal parasites, by W. A. Angwin and C. E. Camerer ..................... 147 The practical use of carbon dioxide snow as seen at the West London Hospital, by G. D. Hale. .. .... . .. . . . .. ... . . . .......... . .......... . ..... . 148 Nomenclature for causes of physical disability in the Navy, by 0. N. Fiske.. . .. . .......................... . .. .. . .... .. . . .. ...... .. .. .. . 149 United States Naval Medical School laboratories . . . . . . ..................... 159 An atypical typhoid bacillus, by O. J. Mink.. .. . .. ........ .. ........... 159 Notes on parasites found at animal autopsies in the Naval Medical School laboratories during 1910, by C. S. Butler and P. E. Garrison.. . .. . ...... 159 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .. ... . . 161 Additions to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, December, 1910-February, 1911 . .... .162 Suggested devices ...... . . . ... ... .. . . . . . . 163 An intestine tray for autopsies, by P. E. Garrison. . . .... .... .. .. .. .. .. ... 163 A suggested improvement in the method of taking finger prints, by F. H. Brooks . .... .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. ... . .... .. .. .. .. . . .. .... . . .. .. . ..... . .. 164 Clinical notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 A case of cholecystectomy, by R. Spear. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 167 A case of fracture of the skull, by W. M. Garton. . . ... ... . ... . ........ . .. 168 Hypernephroma of right kidney, nephrectomy with recovery, by A. M. Fauntleroy... ... .. ... .. ..... .... . .. . . ..... ..... . .... . ............. . 169 A case of general chronic perihepatitis, by E. R. Stitt .. . . . . . .. ...... . ... 171 Bacillary dysentery showing extreme toxaemia, by E. R. Stitt........ .. .. 173 Report on 10 cases of syphilis treated with "606," by U. R. Webb....... 173 A suspected case of gangosa, by O. J. Mink.. . . .. . ...... . .... .. . . . .... .... 178 Lamblia intestinalis and ascaris lumbricoides associated with amoebic dysentery by G. B. Trible . . . . . ... ....... . . . . .. . .. .. ... . .... . ........ . . . . . . 178 A case of pernicious anemia showing points of resemblance to kala azar, by E. R. Stitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 A case of amoebic dysentery with liver abscess by E. R. Stitt. . .. .. ... ... 180 A case of intussusception, by E. R. Stitt..... . . .. . . . . . .. ......... .. . .. . . . 181 Report of two unusual fracture cases, by J. B. Dennis and A. C. Stanley... 181 Associated tuberculosis and syphilis, by O. J. Mink and E. H. H. Old...... 182 An undesirable recruit, by Heber Butts............................ . . . . . 183 Report of six cases of appendicitis aboard the U.S. S. Tennessee, by M. K. Johnson and W. L. Mann...... ... .......................... .. ........ 190 Current comment... .. .................................................... 193 Notification of venereal diseases.............. . .......................... 193 The use of salvarsan in filarial disease.. ...................... . .......... 194 Howard Taylor Ricketts...................................... . ........ 195 Typhoid vaccination. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Further notes on the new blank forms..................................... 196 The bacteriology of acute poliomyelitis............. . .... .. .. ...... ..... 197 Hospital facilities at Montevideo.... .... . .............................. 197 A correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 A course of instructive lectures . ......................................... 197 Physical culture......... ... . . ........... .. .......................... . . 198 Progress in medical sciences...... . ................. . ..... . ............. . .. 199 General medicine - Haemoglobinuric fever on the Canal Zone; malingering; on the presence of a venous hum in the epigastrium in cirrhosis of the liver; the use of the X-ray in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; mercury succinimid in the treatment of tuberculosis; high blood pressure in arteriosclerosis; the treatment and prognosis of exophthalmic goitre; some clinical methods of diagnosis of the functional activity of the heart; further notes on the treatment of paralysis agitans with parathyroid gland; on fever caused by the bite of the sand fly (Phlebotomus papatasii); Myzomyia roasii as a malaria carrier; a modified Caldwell kitchen incinerator for field use, by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Xeilson....... 199 Surgery - The cause of death from shock by commercial electric currents and the treatment of same; the best method of exposing the interior of the bladder in suprapubic operations; "606 "; a consideration of surgical methods of treating hyperthyroidism; genito-urinary diseases; radium therapy; the intravenous use of cocaine, report of a case; diseases of the stomach and duodenum from a surgical standpoint; dry iodine catgut; disinfection of the skin by tincture of iodine; the Roentgen-ray examination of the esophagus; solitary perforation of the ileum associated with strangulated and obstructed hernia; the time and method for prostatectomy; a practical mechanical method of end-to-end anastomosis of blood vessels; by R. Spear and E. \V . Thompson................... 213 Hygiene and sanitation - Sterilization of water on a large scale by means of ultra-violet rays; nota sulla carne refrigerata e sui refrigeranti dei piroscafi; the American game of football, is it a factor for good or for evil? the hygiene of the simming pool ; "cordite eating"; the process of disinfection by chemical agencies and hot water; eggs, a study of eggs offered for sale as pure food; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske. ..... .. 226 Tropical medicine - Upon a new pathognomonic sign of malaria; a simple method for the treatment of cholera; traitement de la trypanosomiase humaine, by C. S. Butler. . .... .. ....... ... .. ...... . . . . ..... .. . ....... 237 Pathology and bacteriology - A method for the bacteriological standardization of disinfectants; microorganism found in the blood of acute cases of poliomyelitis; experimental rssearches upon typhus exanthematicus done at the Pasteur Institute of Tunis during the year l910; bacteriology of human bile with especial reference to the typhoid carrier problem; the control of typhoid in the army by vaccination; experiments on transmission of bacteria by flies with special relation to an epidemic of bacillary dysentery at the Worcester State Hospital, Massachusetts, 1910; experiences in the use of vaccines in chronic suppuration of the nasal access0ry sinuses; histological study of skin lesions of pellagra; a resume of the evidence concerning the diagnostic and clinical value of the Wassermann reaction; experimentelle Beitrage zum Studium des Mechanismus der Immunkorper und Komplementwirkung; by O. J . Mink.............. 240 Chemistry and pharmacy.-The preparation of thyroid extract for therapeutic purposes; the action of urinary antiseptics; wird eingenommenes Chinin mit der Muttermilch ausgeschieden? Uebergang von Arzenmitteln in die Milch; the quantitative estimation of albumin in the urine, by Tsuchiya's procss; the quantitative determination of albumin according to Tsuchiya; on the stability of the solutions prepared for Bang's method of estimating sugar in the urine, by E. M. Brown and O. G. Ruge.. . .......... 251 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Tests for color-vision ; a note on the use of scarlet red in corneal diseases; report on progress in otology; ear disease and its prevention; the prevalence of middle ear disease in the [British] army, with a suggestion for a remedy; peritonsillar abscess; by E. M. Shipp. . ........ . . 266 Reports and letters ............ 267 The surgical aspect of the engagement of La Ceiba, Honduras, by L. W. Bishop and W. L. Irvine.......... . ......... . .. . ... . ....... . . . ...... 267 Extract from sanitary report of U.S.S. New Orleans, for the year 1901, by W. F. Arnold... .. .. .. ....... ... . . . ... . . ... ..... . . ... . . . .. .. . . ....... 269 Vol. 5, No. 3 Preface...... ........... ................... .... ...... .... .. .... ...... .. ... v Special articles: · Tropical diseases in their relation to the eye, by E. M. Shipp.... .... . . . . 271 Intravenous administration of salvarsan, by G. B. Trible and H. A. Garrison. ... . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 The mental examination of 50 recruits who became insane soon after enlistment, by Heber Butts........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Diagnosis and treatment of hernia in the Navy, by B. F. Jenness.... .. ... 313 United States Medical School laboratories: Davainea madagascariensis in the Philippine Islands, by P. E. Garrison. . 321 The interpretation of negative and weakly positive reactions in Noguchi's complement fixation test, by M. E. Higgins... . .. . . . ....... . ......... 327 Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, March-May, 1911........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 328 Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, March-May, 1911. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 Suggested devices: An improvised X-ray apparatus, by H. A. Harris. . . . ..... . .. .. . .. . . . . . . 331 Fracture of mandible with improved method of adjustment, by W. A. Angwin .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Clinical notes: Gunshot wound of elbow, by Raymond Spear..... .. .. . .... . . . ... . . . ... . 335 Clinical symptoms appearing immediately after antityphoid inoculation, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark. . .. .... . .. ..... . . ... . . ... .. . .. . . . . . .. 336 Posterior gastro-enteroetomy three years after anterior gastro-enteroetomy, by A. M. Fauntleroy... . .. ... .. ... . . ... . .. . . .. ... ... ... .. ..... . .. . . . 338 Pontine hemorrhage resulting from a blow in boxing, by H. C. Curl.. . . . . 340 Fracture of the zygoma, by R. B. Williams... ... .. . . ............ ....... 341 Death from unruptured thoracic aneurism, by E. P. Huff... . . .... . .. ... 342 A plastic pernicious anemia associated with agchyloetomiaeis, by E. R. Stitt. 345 Balantidium coli infection associated with amoebic dysentery, by G. B. Trible..... . ..... ... . ... . . . ... . . . ....... . ........ . ..... .. . 346 Return of syphilitic symptoms after administration of salvarsan, by C. F. Sterne. . ....... . .. . . . . .. . . ... . ..... . .... . ........ . .... . . . . .... . ... . . . 348 A case of syphilis which poeeibly demonstrates the efficacy of prophylaxis against venereal diseases, by E. H. H. Old ... . . . . .. ..... 349 Cerebral syphilis in a native of Guam, by W. M. Kerr.. ... . . ... ... ..... 350 A case of autoserotherapy, by E. O. J. Eytinge and L. W. McGuire. ...... 351 Haemoglobinuric fever, by D. G. Sutton. . . . ...... . .. . .. .. . .... .. . .... .. 352 Shock caused by lightning stroke, by W. S. Hoen .... . .. . . ............ . . 353 An unusual cause of burn, by F. M. Munson.......... .. . . .. . ..... . .. .. 354 Traumatic extrusion of testicle, by J . A. B. Sinclair. . . .. . . . . ....... . ... 355 Current comment: Criticisms and suggestions relative to the health records . .. .. . . . · 357 Distinguished honors conferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 The closing exercises of the Naval Medical School... . ...... . .... . ... . . . 358 Progress in medical sciences: General medicine - Plague in Manchuria and its lessons; the treatment of arthritis deformans; hereditary haemophilia, deficiency in the coagulability of the blood the only immediate cause of the condition; discussion of acidosis, by A. W. Dunbar and J . L. Neilson .. ........ .. ... .. . . .... 361 Surgery - Laceration of the axillary portion of the shoulder joint as a factor in the etiology of traumatic combined paralysis of the upper extremity; tuberculosis of the kidney and ureter; injuries to the kidneys with end results; fracture of the patella; acute emergencies of abdominal disease; intestinal obstruction due to kinks and adhesions of the terminal ileum; the functions of the great omentum; treatment of peritonitis consecutive to appendicitis; treatment of ascites by drainage into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen; special dangers associated with operations on the biliary passages and their avoidance; a simple method for the relief of certain forms of odynphagia; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson....... ...... . . ... . ... ... ... .. 365 Hygiene and sanitation - Food requirements for sustenance and work; carbo-gasoline method for the disinfection of books; typhoid fever and mussel pollution; the duty of the community toward ita consumptives; some aspects of tropical sanitation; table jellies; the significance of the bacillus carrier in the spread of Asiatic cholera; the value of vaccination and revaccination; prophylaxie de la syphilis; the value of terminal disinfection; a method for determining the germicidal value and penetrating power of liquid disinfectants; by H. G. Beyer and C. N. Fiske........... 377 Tropical medicine - Further researches on the hyphomycetes of tinea imbricata; the action of'' 606" in sleeping sickness; the action of salvarsan in malaria; the application of "606" to the treatment of kala-azar; the specific treatment of leprosy; the role of the infective granule in certain protozoa! infections as illustrated by the spirochaetosis of Sudanese fowls, preliminary note; by C. S. Butler. . .... . . . ..... . .. .. .. . . . . ... . ... .... 389 Pathology and bacteriology - Ehrlich's biochemical theory and its conception and application; researches on experimental typhoid fever; a record of 90 diphtheria carriers; the serum diagnosis of syphilis; by M. E. Higgins. . . . 392 Medical zoology - Note on the presence of a lateral spine in the eggs of Schistosoma japonicum; onchocerciasis in cattle with special reference to the structure and bionomic characters of the parasite; by P. E. Garrison .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Chemistry and pharmacy - The preparation of a convenient and stable litmus solution; a method to demonstrate and estimate the digestive fermenta in the feces; a simple method for the estimation of ammonia in the urine of diabetics for the recognition of acidosis; new process for sterilizing water by potassium permanganate; the colorimetric estimation of dextrose in urine; a new method for the estimation of sugar in the urine; by E.W. Brown and O. G. Ruge . .. . .. ... . . . ..... ... . . 398 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Examination of the nose and throat in relation to general diagnosis, results in asthma; the nonsurgical treatment of cataract; by E. M. Shipp..... . . . .. . .. .. .. . .... .. ... . 400 Reports and letters: Plague conditions in North China, by W. D. Owens.......... .. .. ... ... 405 Vol. 5, No. 4 Preface ... .. . . . ............... . ...... ... ........................ .. ........ v Special articles: The tenth convention of the second Hague conference of 1907, and its relation to the evacuation of the wounded in naval warfare, by F. L. Pleadwell (first paper) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409 Is gangoea a form of syphilis? by H. E. Odell....... .. ... . ............. 430 Salvarsan as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in syphilis, by C. M. George.... .. ............ ...... . . .. .... . . . .... . .. . 485 Flat foot and its relation to the Navy, by R. G. Heiner.. . ............... 451 Notes on submarine cruising, by I. F. Cohn............................ 455 Important features in the technique of carbon dioxide estimations in air, by E. W. Brown... . ................. . .. . . . ... . ...... . ...... . ..... . . 457 The use of salvarsan on board the U.S.S. Michigan, by J . J. Snyder and A. L. Clifton............. . . .. . . .............. . .................... . .. 459 Notes on vaccination, by A. B. Clifford... .. ........................... 461 The preparation of patient.e for operation at the United States Naval Hospital, Norfolk, Va., by W. M. Garton.. . ..... .... .. .. ... . . . ...... ..... 462 United States Naval Medical School laboratories: Specimens added to the helminthological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-Aug., 1911 ........ . ... .......... . .. . .. 465 Specimens added to the pathological collection, United States Naval Medical School, June-Aug., 1911.................... . .... . .. .. . ... . .. 465 Suggested devices: An apparatus for hoisting patients aboard the hospital ship Solace, by E. M. Blackwell... . ............ . . . ................................ . . 467 An inexpensive and satisfactory ethyl chloride inhaler for general anaesthesia, by J. H. Barton .. . . ... .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .... ...... 469 Clinical notes: Old "irreducible" dislocation of head of humerus, by H. C. Curl. . . . ... . 471 A case of brain tumor, by R. E. Hoyt.. .. .... .... . ...... . . .... . .. ........ 472 A case of brain abscess, by J. R. Phelps and G. F. Clark.. .. . .. . . . . . . .. . . 474 Report of two cases of cerebrospinal fever, by R. A. Bachmann.. . . . .... 477 A case of leprosy on board the U.S.S. Villalobos, by D. H. Noble....... 479 A case resembling gangosa, in which a treponema was found, by P. S. Rossiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 A case extensively burned, by N. T. McLean.. ... .... .. . . .. . .. ... ... . . . 481 Acute pemphigus following vaccination, by R. Hayden.... ... . .... ..... . . 482 Two interesting cases on the U.S.S. Prairie, by C. C. Grieve . .. . . . .... . . 486 An atypical case of typhoid fever, by L. W. Johnson... . ... . .. . .... . .. . .. 488 Tolerance of the peritoneum rarely seen, by P. R. Stalnaker and G. W. Shepard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 Note on tincture of iodine, by R. Spear...... . . . . . ... . ... .... . .. . .. ..... 490 Notes on salvarsan, by R. Spear..... . ...... . .............. . ..... . . ..... 491 Current comment : Instructions relative to medical returns ... ....... . ..... . ............... .493 Clinical cards .. ........... ... . . .. .. ... . .... . . . . . .. . ... . .. . ......... . . .494 Measles in Samoa . ................ .. . ... . . . . ... . ....................... .495 The conservation of the public health ........ . .................... .496 Closure of the naval stations at San Juan and Culebra ....... .. .. . . . ..... 498 New pavilion for the practice of thoracic surgery ........ . ..... ...... 498 The Bellevue Hospital nomenclature of diseases and conditions, 1911 .... .498 Progress in medical sciences: General medicine - Pathological and experimental data derived from a further study of an acute infectious disease of unknown origin; the mode of transmission of leprosy; genesis of incipient tuberculisus; a method for determining the absolute pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid; the after history of cases of albuminuria occurring in adolescence; the stereoscopic X-ray examination of the chest with special reference to the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis; the use of antiformin in the examination for the tubercle bacillus; by A. W. Dunbar and J. L. Neilson ............. . . . 501 Surgery - The control of bleeding in operations for brain tumors; intravenous anesthesia from hedonal; the difficulties and limitations of diagnosis in advanced cases of renal tuberculosis; the treatment of X-ray ulcer; nephroureterectomy; by Raymond Spear and Edgar Thompson .. 511 Hygiene and Sanitation - A simple method of purifying almost any infected water for drinking purposes; the physiology of the march; wall paper and illumination; vaccination et serotherapie anticholeriques; upon the inoculation of materia morbi through the human skin by fleabites; garbage receptacles; the relative influence of the heat and chemical impurity of close air; method for measuring the degree of vitiation of the air of inclosed spaces; by H. G. Beyer and C.N. Fiske . .. . .. ..... . 518 Tropical medicine - The diagnosis of pellagra; researches upon acarids among lepers; action of "606" upon malaria; by C. S. Butler ......... . 523 Pathology and bacteriology - An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by B. paratyphosus; infection of rabbits with the virus of poliomyelitis; the mechanism of the formation of metastases in malignant tumors; a method for the pure cultivation of pathogenic treponema pallidum; by Y. E . Higgins .. .... .. .. . ..................... .. ..... . ............. . ...... . 528 Medical zoology - On Kwan's fluke and the presence of spines in fasciolopsis; endemic Mediterranean fever (Malta fever) in southwest Tcxas; by P. E. Garrison . ..... . .......... .. . . .... . .... . ........... . . . 532 Chemistry and pharmacy - Detection of blood by means of leuco-malachitegreen; an improved form of Heller's ring test for detection of albumin in the urine; an important reagent for Fehling's method for sugar estimation; method for the estimation of urotropin in the urine; detection of amylolytic ferments in the feces; new technique for the estimation of total nitrogen, ammonia, and urea in the urine; chemotherapy and "606" by E. W. Brown and O. G. Ruge ............... 533 Eye, ear, nose, and throat - Defective vision and its bearing on the question of fitness for service; "606 ' ' and eye diseases; by E. M. Shipp ... .. .. .538 Reports and letters: American Medical Association meeting, by C. P. Bfagg .. .. .... . .....550 Sanitary report on Kiukiang, Kiangse Province, China, by D. H. Noble ...550 Index to volume V ...............559 Subject index .......... . ........ . ....................... 559 Author's index . . . ........ . ..... . ......... . ......... . 570

If you have questions concerning reproductions, please contact the Contributing Library.

Note: The colors, contrast and appearance of these illustrations are unlikely to be true to life. They are derived from scanned images that have been enhanced for machine interpretation and have been altered from their originals.

Read/Download from the Internet Archive

See all images from this book

See all MHL images published in the same year

Amazing tree (Bread Fruit) by Leonora (Ellie) Enking

1 2

Highland Beach Resort, Candolim, Goa, India.

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a species of flowering tree in the mulberry family, Moraceae, that is native to the Malay Peninsula and western Pacific islands. It has also been widely planted in tropical regions elsewhere.

Description

Breadfruit trees grow to a height of 85 feet (22 metres). The large and thick leaves are deeply cut into pinnate lobes. All parts of the tree yield latex, a milky juice, which is useful for boat caulking.

The trees are monoecious, with male and female flowers growing on the same tree. The male flowers emerge first, followed shortly afterward by the female flowers, which grow into a capitulum, which are capable of pollination just three days later. The pollinators are Old World fruit bats in the family Pteropodidae. The compound, false fruit develops from the swollen perianth and originates from 1,500-2,000 flowers. These are visible on the skin of the fruit as hexagon-like disks.

Breadfruit is one of the highest-yielding food plants, with a single tree producing up to 200 or more fruits per season. In the South Pacific, the trees yield 50 to 150 fruits per year. In southern India, normal production is 150 to 200 fruits annually. Productivity varies between wet and dry areas. In the Caribbean, a conservative estimate is 25 fruits per tree. Studies in Barbados indicate a reasonable potential of 6.7 to 13.4 tons per acre (16-32 tons/ha). The grapefruit-sized ovoid fruit has a rough surface, and each fruit is divided into many achenes, each achene surrounded by a fleshy perianth and growing on a fleshy receptacle. Some selectively-bred cultivars have seedless fruit.

The breadfruit is closely related to the breadnut and the jackfruit.

Habitat

Breadfruit is an equatorial lowland species that grows best below elevations of 650 metres (2,130 ft), but is found at elevations of 1,550 metres (5,090 ft). Its preferred rainfall is 1,500–3,000 millimetres (59–120 in) per year. Preferred soils are neutral to alkaline (pH of 6.1-7.4) and either sand, sandy loam, loam or sandy clay loam. Breadfruit is able to grow in coral sands and saline soils.

Uses

Breadfruit is a staple food in many tropical regions. They were propagated far outside their native range by Polynesian voyagers who transported root cuttings and air-layered plants over long ocean distances. They are very rich in starch, and before being eaten they are roasted, baked, fried or boiled. When cooked the taste is described as potato-like, or similar to fresh-baked bread (hence the name).

The fruit of the breadfruit tree - whole, sliced lengthwise and in cross-sectionBecause breadfruit trees usually produce large crops at certain times of the year, preservation of the harvested fruit is an issue. One traditional preservation technique is to bury peeled and washed fruits in a leaf-lined pit where they ferment over several weeks and produce a sour, sticky paste. So stored, the product may last a year or more, and some pits are reported to have produced edible contents more than 20 years later. Fermented breadfruit mash goes by many names such as mahr, ma, masi, furo, and bwiru, among others.

Most breadfruit varieties also produce a small number of fruits throughout the year, so fresh breadfruit is always available, but somewhat rare when not in season.

Breadfruit can be eaten once cooked, or can be further processed into a variety of other foods. A common product is a mixture of cooked or fermented breadfruit mash mixed with coconut milk and baked in banana leaves. Whole fruits can be cooked in an open fire, then cored and filled with other foods such as coconut milk, sugar and butter, cooked meats, or other fruits. The filled fruit can be further cooked so that the flavor of the filling permeates the flesh of the breadfruit.

The Hawaiian staple food called poi made of mashed taro root is easily substituted or augmented with mashed breadfruit. The resulting “breadfruit poi” is called poi ʻulu. In Puerto Rico, it is called "panapen" or "pana", for short. Pana is often served with a mixture of sauteed bacalao (salted cod fish), olive oil and onions. In Dominican Republic, it is known by the name "buen pan" or "good bread". It is also could be found in Indonesia and is called 'sukun.'

Breadfruit is roughly 25% carbohydrates and 70% water. It has an average amount of vitamin C (20 mg/100g), small amounts of minerals (potassium and zinc) and thiamin (100 μg).

Breadfruit was widely and diversely used among Pacific Islanders. Its lightweight wood (specific gravity of 0.27) is resistant to termites and shipworms, consequently used as timber for structures and outrigger canoes. Its wood pulp can also be used to make paper, called breadfruit tapa. It is also used in traditional medicine to treat illnesses that range from sore eyes to sciatica. Native Hawaiians used its sticky sap to trap birds, whose feathers were made into cloaks.

In history

Sir Joseph Banks and others saw the value of breadfruit as a highly productive food in 1769, when stationed in Tahiti as part of the Endeavour expedition commanded by Captain James Cook. The late-18th-century quest for cheap, high-energy food sources for British slaves prompted colonial administrators and plantation owners to call for the introduction of this plant to the Caribbean. As President of The Royal Society, Banks provided a cash bounty and gold medal for success in this endeavor and successfully lobbied his friends in government and the Admiralty for a British Naval expedition. In 1787 William Bligh was appointed commanding lieutenant of the HMS Bounty, and instructed to proceed to the South Pacific for this task. Banks appointed a gardener for the expedition and gave detailed instructions on how the plants were to be maintained. The Bounty remained in Tahiti for five idyllic months during which over 1000 plants were collected, potted and transferred to the ship. Unfortunately, within a month of leaving many of the crew mutinied, expelling Captain Bligh and supporters in a long-boat, and returned to Tahiti. Providentially Bligh survived the ordeal, sailing with 18 loyal crew the 6710 kms to Timor, reaching there in late 1789. In 1791 Bligh commanded a second expedition with the Providence and the Assistant, which collected live breadfruit plants in Tahiti and transported these to St Helena, in the Atlantic, and St Vincent and Jamaica in the West Indies. Although Bligh won the Royal Society medal for his efforts the introduction was not entirely successful as the slaves refused to eat breadfruit.

In culture

According to an etiological Hawaiian myth, the breadfruit originated from the sacrifice of the war god Kū. After deciding to live secretly among mortals as a farmer, Kū married and had children. He and his family lived happily until a famine seized their island. When he could no longer bear to watch his children suffer, Kū told his wife that he could deliver them from starvation, but to do so he would have to leave them. Reluctantly she agreed, and at her word, Kū descended into the ground right where he had stood until only the top of his head was visible. His family waited around the spot he had last been day and night, watering it with their tears until suddenly a small green shoot appeared where Kū had stood. Quickly, the shoot grew into a tall and leafy tree that was laden with heavy breadfruits that Kū's family and neighbors gratefully ate, joyfully saved from starvation.

Though they are widely distributed throughout the Pacific, many breadfruit hybrids and cultivars are seedless or otherwise biologically incapable of naturally dispersing long distances. Therefore, their distribution in the Pacific was clearly enabled by humans, specifically prehistoric groups who colonized the Pacific Islands. To investigate the patterns of human migration throughout the Pacific, scientists have used molecular dating of breadfruit hybrids and cultivars in concert with anthropological data. Results support the west-to-east migration hypothesis, in which the Lapita people are thought to have traveled from Melanesia to numerous Polynesian islands.

The world’s largest collection of breadfruit varieties has been established by botanist Diane Ragone, from over 20 years' travel to 50 Pacific islands, on a 10-acre plot outside of Hana, Hawaii, on the isolated east coast of Maui.

The wood of the breadfruit tree was one of the most valuable timbers in the construction of traditional houses in Samoan architecture.