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The Girondists were originally part of France’s Legislative Assembly, becoming one of the groups which supported the French Revolution as it began. In fact, they were one of the legislature’s most militant sections. However, in October 1793, the Girondists were executed under the orders of one of the leaders of the Revolution, Maximilien Robespierre, after they began opposing the movement.

 

The massive bronze horses and figures of the monument were removed in 1942 for smelting but were recovered in 1944 in a foundry in Angers. They returned to Bordeaux where the monument was re-erected in 1983.

The Monument aux Girondins is a dramatic fountain in Bordeaux commemorating the Girondists of the French Revolution.

 

The Girondists were originally part of France’s Legislative Assembly, becoming one of the groups which supported the French Revolution as it began. In fact, they were one of the legislature’s most militant sections.

However, in October 1793, the Girondists were executed under the orders of one of the leaders of the Revolution, Maximilien Robespierre, after they began opposing the movement.

This full-sized hummingbird can be found in various parts of Central America as well as upper South America. I only found this species in one of spot in Honduras--Pico Bonito in the east of that country. Funny how a particular hummingbird will dominate in a particular area.

 

I'm not sure how this bird gained the moniker 'Jacobin' instead of the simpler White-necked Hummingbird. Students of history will remember, though, that the Jacobins were radicals that sprang up following the French Revolution and formed the Reign of Terror along with Robespierre.

 

The White-necked Jacobin has a reputation as a brawler and a bully that will aggressively chase off other hummingbirds, even female WNJ's. The female of this species will even form the appearance of the males to protect itself from aggression.

Not quite sure where the name comes from, but the Jacobins were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution, and in association with Robespierre they instituted the Terror of 1793–4. They often wore blue ex-military coats - maybe from there? :-)

 

Taken in Costa Rica (at Rancho Naturalista).

 

You don't want to know how many out of focus shots of these birds I took to get one half decent one.

Explore Apr 4, 2008 #458

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The Place de la Concorde is one of the major public squares in Paris, France. Measuring 7.6 ha (19 acres) in area, it is the largest square in the French capital. It is located in the city's eighth arrondissement, at the eastern end of the Champs-Élysées.

 

It was the site of many notable public executions, including those of King Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and Maximilien Robespierre in the course of the French Revolution, during which the square was temporarily renamed the Place de la Révolution ('Revolution Square'). It received its current name in 1795 as a gesture of reconciliation in the later years of the revolution.

The north side of the square, along the Rue de Rivoli, is occupied by two palatial buildings, whose matching facades were designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel. They are separated by the Rue Royale, which enters the square from the north and was also designed by Gabriel. He planned the harmonious facades of the buildings along Rue Royale, including the facade and interior of his own residence at Number eight.

 

After the installation of the Luxor Obelisk, in 1836, Jacques-Ignace Hittorff, chief architect of the square, moved ahead with two new fountains to complement the obelisk.

The north fountain was devoted to the Rivers, with allegorical figures representing the Rhone and the Rhine, the arts of the harvesting of flowers and fruits, harvesting and grape growing; and the geniuses of river navigation, industry, and agriculture.

 

The south fountain, closer to the Seine, represented the seas, with figures representing the Atlantic and the Mediterranean; harvesting coral; harvesting fish; collecting shellfish; collecting pearls; and the geniuses of astronomy, navigation, and commerce.

source: Wikipedia

The Hôtel de Ville is the city hall of Paris, France, standing on the Place de l'Hôtel-de-Ville – Esplanade de la Libération in the 4th arrondissement. The south wing was originally constructed by Francis I beginning in 1535 until 1551. The north wing was built by Henry IV and Louis XIII between 1605 and 1628. It was burned by the Paris Commune, along with all the city archives that it contained, during the Semaine Sanglante, the Commune's final days, in May 1871. The outside was rebuilt following the original design, but larger, between 1874 and 1882, while the inside was considerably modified. It has been the headquarters of the municipality of Paris since 1357. It serves multiple functions, housing the local government council, since 1977 the mayors of Paris and their cabinets, and also serves as a venue for large receptions. It was designated a monument historique by the French government in 1975.

In July 1357, Étienne Marcel, provost of the merchants (i.e. mayor) of Paris, bought the so-called maison aux piliers ("House of Pillars") in the name of the municipality on the gently sloping shingle beach which served as a river port for unloading wheat and wood and later merged into a square, the Place de Grève ("Strand Square"), a place where Parisians often gathered, particularly for public executions. Ever since 1357, the City of Paris's administration has been located on the same location where the Hôtel de Ville stands today. Before 1357, the city administration was located in the so-called parloir aux bourgeois ("Parlour of Burgesses") near the Châtelet.

In 1533, King Francis I decided to endow Paris with a city hall which would be worthy of his capital, then the largest city of Europe and Christendom. He appointed two architects: Italian Dominique de Cortone, nicknamed Boccador because of his red beard, and Frenchman Pierre Chambiges. The House of Pillars was torn down and Boccador, steeped in the spirit of the Renaissance, drew up the plans of a building which was at the same time tall, spacious, full of light and refined. Building work was not finished until 1628 during the reign of Louis XIII.

During the next two centuries, no changes were made to the edifice which was the stage for several famous events during the French Revolution. On 14 July 1789, the last provost of the merchants Jacques de Flesselles was murdered by an angry crowd. On 27 July 1794, Maximilien Robespierre attempted to commit suicide following a coup and was arrested along with his followers.

Rue Robespierre, Montreuil (Seine-Saint-Denis).

Septembre 2015.

 

Association qui propose des ateliers d'anglais pour enfants et adultes. Elle accueille également des expo-ventes (laboutiquejaune.blogspot.fr).

 

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ancienne vieille rue urbain ville noir et black personne

 

A sa construction, au Xe siècle, l’actuelle Conciergerie était le Palais de la Cité, siège du pouvoir des capétiens, les anciens rois de France. C’est principalement à Philippe IV le Bel que l’on doit son architecture gothique et notamment ses belles tourelles, la Tour d’argent qui contenait le trésor royal et la tour César construite sur des fondations romaines.

Il doit son nom au concierge du palais, qui avait un rôle de gardien primordial. À l’époque, le palais était considéré comme l’un des plus beaux d’Europe,

En 1310, Charles V le converti en prison d’état.

C’est ici que pendant la Révolution, Marie-Antoinette et Robespierre ont séjourné avant de passer à l’échafaud.

En 1914, la prison ferme ses portes pour devenir un monument national ouvert au public.

 

When it was built in the 10th century, the present-day Conciergerie was the Palais de la Cité, the seat of power of the Capetians, the ancient kings of France. Its Gothic architecture is mainly due to Philip IV the Fair, in particular its beautiful turrets, the Silver Tower, which contained the royal treasury, and the Caesar Tower, built on Roman foundations.

It is named after the palace's caretaker, who had a key role as guardian. At the time, the palace was considered one of the most beautiful in Europe,

In 1310, Charles V converted it into a state prison.

During the Revolution, Marie-Antoinette and Robespierre stayed here before being sent to the scaffold.

In 1914, the prison closed its doors to become a national monument open to the public.

 

La frutería de la plaza Robespierre en Mazargues

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The Place de la Concorde is one of the major public squares in Paris, France. Measuring 7.6 ha (19 acres) in area, it is the largest square in the French capital. It is located in the city's eighth arrondissement, at the eastern end of the Champs-Élysées.

 

It was the site of many notable public executions, including the executions of King Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and Maximilien Robespierre in the course of the French Revolution, during which the square was temporarily renamed Place de la Révolution.

The centrepiece of the place is an ancient Egyptian obelisk decorated with hieroglyphics exalting the reign of the pharaoh Ramesses II. It is one of two which the Egyptian government gave to the French in the 19th century. The other one stayed in Egypt, too difficult and heavy to move to France with the technology at that time. On 26 September 1981, President François Mitterrand formally returned the title of the second obelisk to Egypt. The obelisk once marked the entrance to the Luxor Temple.

 

Proposed redesign for 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.

 

In January 2021, Anne Hidalgo, the Mayor of Paris, announced that the city would undertake an ambitious €250 million redesign of the Place de la Concorde and the Champs-Élysées. Work on the Place de la Concorde will be the first to be undertaken in advance of the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.

 

The redesign is intended to increase pedestrian space, reduce car traffic, and add more trees for improved air quality along the Champs-Élysées. Traffic will be directed around the outside edges of the Place. The number of traffic lanes will be greatly reduced. Four large areas of trees and greenery will be created in the corners of the square around the obelisk and monuments and open space in the center. A walkway will connect over 200 acres of green space between the Arc de Triomphe, the Champs-Élysées, the Place de la Concorde, and the Tuileries Gardens.

* Yet another wonderful place I had not seen in previous visits to Paris I obviously spent too much time in Bars .

 

(A story on our first trip to Paris an 1974 Mary and I were pretty broke and resorted to sleeping on a friends floor . We spent a lot of time during a cold April week looking at restaurants menus we could not afford . On our last afternoon we were catching the boat train back to England no tunnel existed then of course . We spent the last few hours in a Bar opposite the Gare de Nord . We put all our Francs (remember those) on the table and told the waiter to keep bringing us wine till the money ran out. As far as I recall we did get on the train )

 

Once again to get this shot the ISA had to be pushed a little

 

The Conciergerie is a building in Paris, France, located on the west of the Île de la Cité, formerly a prison but presently used mostly for law courts. It was part of the former royal palace, the Palais de la Cité, which consisted of the Conciergerie, Palais de Justice and the Sainte-Chapelle. Hundreds of prisoners during the French Revolution were taken from the Conciergerie to be executed by guillotine at a number of locations around Paris.

 

From the 10th to the 14th centuries, it was the main palace of the medieval Kings of France. The "Grande Salle" (Great Hall) was one of the largest in Europe, and its lower story, known as "La Salle des Gens d'Armes" (The Hall of the Soldiers) survives at 64m long, 27.5m wide and 8.5m high. It was used as a dining room for the 2,000 staff members who worked in the palace.

 

Prisoners held at the Conciergerie included Marie Antoinette, poet André Chénier, Charlotte Corday, Madame Élisabeth, Madame du Barry and the 21 Girondins, purged at the beginning of the Terror. Georges Danton later awaited his execution here, and, during the Thermidorian Reaction, Robespierre himself was interned for a brief time before his execution.

  

THANKS FOR YOUR VISITING BUT CAN I ASK YOU NOT TO FAVE AN IMAGE WITHOUT ALSO MAKING A COMMENT. MANY THANKS KEITH. ANYONE MAKING MULTIPLE FAVES WITHOUT COMMENTS WILL SIMPLY BE BLOCKED

 

Eiffel Tower seen from Place de la Concorde where they were beheaded: Louis XVI on January 21, 1793, Queen Marie Antoinette, Robespierre, Princess Elizabeth of France and Madame du Barry. Previously it was called Place Luis XV, then it was renamed Plaza de la Revolución, it changed its name a couple more times and its current name has been preserved since 1830. Source: www.parisando.com/plaza-de -the-concord/

βιβλιοθήκη Νέλσον Μαντέλα

 

Vitry avenue Maximilien Robespierre

The Place was designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel in 1755 as a moat-skirted octagon between the Champs-Élysées to the west and the Tuileries Garden to the east ; decorated with statues and fountains.

During the French Revolution, the new revolutionary government erected the guillotine in the square, and it was here that King Louis XVI was executed on 21 January 1793. Other important figures guillotined on the site, often in front of cheering crowds, were Queen Marie Antoinette, Princess Élisabeth of France, Charlotte Corday, Madame du Barry, Georges Danton, Camille Desmoulins, Antoine Lavoisier, Maximilien Robespierre, Louis de Saint-Just and Olympe de Gouges.

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Bust of Maximilien Robespierre at the Conciergerie, Paris. Robespierre was briefly held in this prison before being taken to his own execution after his fall from power on 9 Thermidor.

In 1794, the demagogue Maximillian Robespierre was executed, bringing an end to the "Reign of Terror" in France. His leadership would soon be replaced by the "Directory", a committee of five members governing the French Republic along with a 500 member legislature. Despite these new changes and some semblance of normalcy, the next 4 years would be rocked by political gridlock, inflation, revolts, corruption and war. The Directory would wage several successful wars against the great powers of Europe, but could do nothing about the discontent at home. It was hated by the Jacobins and the Royalists alike who the Directory would seek to crush in the streets of Paris. Due to the political gridlock, the Directory had to use the military to enforce its decrees with generals like Napoleon Bonaparte and Barthelemy Joubert playing a role in this.

 

Eventually the rule of the Directory would come to an end in the Coup of 18 Brumarie (November 9, 1799). The political instability and military defeats abroad were too much for the French people who decided that uncertain authoritarianism was better than the chaos of the republic. The Directory was replaced by the French Consulate with Napoleon Bonaparte as the head. The chaotic and unstable revolution had come to an end and so began the Napoleonic Era.

  

At first this build started with the catacombs, which I thought would be a cool build to do. I then decided to add the city of Paris itself, but I had a limited time window since the catacombs themselves are relatively new (historically speaking). I decided to go with the French revolution as its one of the most interesting and important events in world history. Many of the buildings were inspired by what's seen in Assassins Creed Unity. I did include an Arno Easter egg in the catacombs because why not. Anyway, I hope you guys enjoy it!

Charles XIV John, King of Sweden 1818-1844, had a tattoo which said "Death to Kings" or "Long live the republic"

 

Jean Bernadotte was a military officer in the French army during the revolution. Perhaps it was during this time, perhaps through the very anti-monarchistic Club des Jacobins of Robespierre, that he got the alleged tattoo as described above. It had of course to be hidden very well later on, in particular when he in 1810 got elected heir-presumptive of the Swedish throne, and even more so when he became King of Sweden (he's the ancestor of the current royal family). In some versions the tattoo is revealed on his deathbed.

 

His relationship with Napoleon was turbulent; nevertheless, Napoleon named him a Marshal of the Empire on the proclamation of the French Empire.

Paris hier et aujourd’hui. Place de la Concorde looking up Avenue des Champs-Élysées to the Arc de Triomphe. Place de la Concorde is the largest square in Paris. During the French Revolution a guillotine was set up here and thousands of victims were beheaded, including; Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, Madame du Barry and Robespierre, to name a few. The square reeked so of gore that herds of oxen balked at crossing it! The Champs-Élysées is one of the most famous boulevards in the world and also the most tackiest and touristy (my opinion). In the distance the Arc de Triomphe. If Emperor Napoléon hadn’t changed his mind, in the early 1800s, it would have been a 160-foot-high elephant squirting water from its trunk. Now that would have been a crowd pleaser!

Founded in 1686, the oldest café of the world, and one of the most famous.

 

Frequented by La Fontaine, Voltaire, Benjamin Franklin, Danton, Marat, Robespierre, Napoléon Bonaparte, Balzac, Victor Hugo, Gambetta, Verlaine, Anatole France.

  

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The Conciergerie is located on Ile de la Cite, which is an island in the River Seine that is actually classed as the true heart of Paris, and even today all distances are measured from the centre of this island.

 

The history of the Ile de la Cite is fascinating, as it has been inhabited since well before Roman times, but it was in the 6th century that the first French King, called Clovis, who was the founder of the Merovingian dynasty of Frankish kings, decided to have a royal residence built on the island.

 

It turned out that this would be the very first royal palace in the capital city of Paris where you can still get to see some parts of this and it desicribed as one of the most impressive palaces of the Middle Ages, with this imposing building being called the Palais de la Cite.

 

It was then approximately five centuries later that the first Capetian King, Hugues Capet, decided to set up his council and the government within the Palais de la Cite and therefore it became the seat of the royal power.

 

Carrying through the history of the Conciergerie, Saint Louis then had the Sainte Chapelle built as a flamboyant gothic church in the heart of the palace between the years of 1242 to 1248 that still remains intact today and is a fantastic monument in Paris that you can visit while on holiday in Paris.

 

Then by the 14th century, King Philippe IV, known as Philippe The fair, continued the work of his grandfather Saint Louis and turned the palace in to a very prestigious symbol of the French monarchy and it also then that they decided to include the seat of the Parliament of Paris within its walls.

 

But towards the end of the 14th century royals were turning to castles like Chateau Vincennes and the Louvre palace (which is now The Louvre Museum) as their royal residences and at the end of the 14th century King Charles V left the palace on the Ile de la Cite following the assassination of the advisors to his father.

 

After this it was King Charles V who appointed an official known as a Concierge, which was a high official of the kingdom that could only be appointed by a king, and he was there with legal powers to oversee the running of the palace. It was at this time that it turned into the palace of justice and part of the beautiful palace was turned into a prison, which is why it was then called La Conciergerie. In fact, it is the oldest prison in Paris.

 

And up until 1790 La Conciergerie was the seat of the Parliament of Paris until the mayor of Paris decided to seal its doors, however, after the downfall of the monarchy in August 1792, Maximilien Robespierre was elected first deputy to Paris to the National Convention.

 

The Convention abolished the French monarchy, declaring France a republic and they put the King on trial for treason, and he was executed in the January of 1793.

 

By this time the Conciergerie had a reputation as a very severe and harsh prison system and the harshest of any prison in France, with its cells accommodating hundreds of people in severe conditions, overcrowded and exceedingly filthy.

 

At the same period of time Maximilien Robespierre was becoming even more powerful and he became a dominant force for the committee, which then led to the Reign of Terror, where enemies of the Republic of France were actively pursued and ruthlessly eliminated.

 

During the years 1793 and the early part of 1794 there were over two thousand people that came before the prosecutor for execution and unfortunately, even suspects that had not even been to trial were kept with common-law prisoners.

 

Whilst the Reign of Terror was continuing, there were many that did not like the ideas of Maximilien Robespierre, especially when he wanted the French religion changed, which was based on the thoughts of Jean-Jacques Rousseau.

 

Just like Marie-Antoinette was arrested, put in the prison at the Conciergie and then taken to the Place de la Concorde where she was beheaded in the October of 1793, Robespierre was also sent to the guillotine, but this was not until the July of 1794 and there were tens of people being guillotined every day during this year.

 

However, after his demise, the tribunal was dissolved and the Reign of Terror came to an end, but La Conciergerie was still used as a prison, although this was for more high value prisoners such as Napoleon III.

 

But in the mid 19th century it underwent some alterations and the cell of Marie-Antionette was converted into a sort of chapel, which is a part of this monument in Paris that you can visit today.

 

Eventually the Conciergerie was stopped in the early 1900s and then opened to the general public, however, there are still only certain sections of La Conciergerie that you can visit, as the remainder have either been destroyed, or are still being used by the Paris judicial system.

 

The Conciergerie, located on the west of the Île de la Cité (literally "Island of the City") in Paris, France, was formerly a prison but presently used mostly for law courts. It was part of the former royal palace, the Palais de la Cité, which consisted of the Conciergerie, Palais de Justice and the Sainte-Chapelle. Hundreds of prisoners during the French Revolution were taken from the Conciergerie to be executed by guillotine at a number of locations around Paris. Some of the more famous prisoners include prisoners include Marie Antoinette, poet André Chénier, Charlotte Corday, Madame Élisabeth, Madame du Barry and Robespierre.

Shown her on the left of shot is La Conciergerie.

 

Located on the western portion of Île de la Cité, an island in the River Seine, this wonderfully imposing gothic behemoth was built in the 14th century. It was initially meant to be part of the royal palace, but was turned into a prison during the revolution. The building housed the Revolutionary Tribunal, as well as convicts headed for the guillotine.

 

According to some records, over two thousand prisoners were sent to their deaths from this prison, including some famous personalities—Marie Antoinette, Robespierre (the Tribunal’s first head) and Napoleon III were all imprisoned here before being beheaded.

La Conciergerie

Paris, France

 

The Conciergerie (French pronunciation: ​[kɔ̃sjɛʁʒəʁi]) is a building in Paris, France, located on the west of the Île de la Cité, formerly a prison but presently used mostly for law courts. It was part of the former royal palace, the Palais de la Cité, which consisted of the Conciergerie, Palais de Justice and the Sainte-Chapelle. Hundreds of prisoners during the French Revolution were taken from the Conciergerie to be executed by guillotine at a number of locations around Paris.

 

Trials and executions progressed in a rapid, unpredictable manner; one could be tried by the court and executed before the next morning. The condemned would be walked through the Salle de la Toilette, where their personal belongings were confiscated. Carts loaded them in the May Courtyard and brought them to guillotines throughout Paris. Prisoners held at the Conciergerie included Marie Antoinette, poet André Chénier, Charlotte Corday, Madame Élisabeth, Madame du Barry and the 21 Girondins, purged at the beginning of the Terror. Georges Danton later awaited his execution here, and, during the Thermidorian Reaction, Robespierre himself was interned for a brief time before his execution.

 

(From Wikipedia)

Montreuil, mars 2017.

Rue Robespierre, Bagnolet (Seine-Saint-Denis).

Août 2015.

 

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Un grand merci à Mark C. Newton pour son article « Forgotten French Ghost Signs », paru aujourd'hui.

Execution of Robespierre - my entry for the "Mad History Contest" at Imperium der Steine. You had to build a MOC with a historical scene which should contain a little twist (limited 48x48 studs). I made a version where Skynet send a terminator in the wrong time and location. Hope you like it

The Place was designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel in 1755 as a moat-skirted octagon between the Champs-Élysées to the west and the Tuileries Garden to the east ; decorated with statues and fountains.

During the French Revolution, the new revolutionary government erected the guillotine in the square, and it was here that King Louis XVI was executed on 21 January 1793. Other important figures guillotined on the site, often in front of cheering crowds, were Queen Marie Antoinette, Princess Élisabeth of France, Charlotte Corday, Madame du Barry, Georges Danton, Camille Desmoulins, Antoine Lavoisier, Maximilien Robespierre, Louis de Saint-Just and Olympe de Gouges.

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© Please don't use this image on websites, blogs or other media without my explicit permission

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Antibes (06), France.

 

EN The Fort Carré is a 16th-century star-shaped fort of four arrow-head shaped bastions, that stands on the outskirts of Antibes in southeastern France. Henri de Mandon built the fort and then during the 17th century, the Marquis de Vauban redeveloped it.

 

The Romans probably built the first fortifications at Antibes. In 1553, a tower called la tour Saint-Florent was built around a preexisting chapel. Henry III had four bastions added in 1565, whereupon it became Fort Carré (the squared fort). The construction has been finished 25 years from its beginning.

 

The Romans probably built the first fortifications at Antibes. In 1553, a tower called la tour Saint-Florent was built around a preexisting chapel. Henry III had four bastions added in 1565, whereupon it became Fort Carré (the squared fort). The construction has been finished 25 years from its beginning.

 

In the 1680s, Vauban strengthened Fort Carré, adding traverses to protect against ricochet fire and exchanging the stone parapets, which were liable to scatter deadly splinters when hit by shot, for brick ones. Vauban also enlarged the embrasures and added outer walls to the fortification.

 

Later, the fort's design was modified to take eighteen cannon. The entrance to the fort is through a triangular work that protrudes from the walls, and which is loopholed and pierced by a heavy wooden door. From here, there is a narrow bridge that leads into the fort itself via the flank of one of the arrow-headed bastions. Inside, there are barrack buildings for officers and men as well as the ancient chapel, which has been preserved through the successive stages of military development of the site.

 

During the French Revolution, Napoleon Bonaparte was briefly imprisoned here. In July 1794, after the violent overthrow of Robespierre, General Bonaparte was detained as a Jacobin sympathizer and held in Fort Carré for ten days. His friend and political ally, Antoine Christophe Saliceti, secured his release.

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FR Le fort Carré est un fort militaire construit sous le règne d'Henri II au XVIe siècle. Le fort se situe sur la presqu'île Saint-Roch à Antibes, au bord de la route du bord de mer ; il est construit sur un rocher s'élevant à 26 mètres au-dessus de la mer.

 

Au XVIe siècle, la Provence appartient au Royaume de France tandis que le Comté de Nice dépend du Duché de Savoie, la frontière étant constituée par le fleuve Var. Les tensions entre le Royaume de France et le Duché de Savoie sont dues à l'alliance de ce dernier avec l'Espagne des Habsbourg. Durant les guerres d'Italie, les Espagnols mettent Antibes à sac, en 1524 et 1536, montrant la fragilité de cette région.

 

Le sud-est de la Provence est donc une zone de frontière que les rois de France fortifient dès le règne de François Ier. Henri II décide la construction du fort, sur un emplacement stratégique : le bâtiment est une sentinelle, permettant, par son point de vue panoramique, de surveiller la frontière avec le Duché de Savoie.

 

C'est le roi Henri II qui décide sa construction, entreprise semble-t-il au début des années 1550 et s'étalant sur plus de vingt ans. La chapelle Saint-Laurent, qui se trouvait sur la colline, fut détruite à cette occasion pour céder la place au bâtiment militaire et le nom de Saint-Laurent fut conservé pour la tour centrale du Fort Carré qui porte encore, aujourd'hui, le nom de « Tour Saint-Laurent ».

 

Vauban n'est que très peu intervenu sur le Fort Carré. Visitant Antibes dans les années 1680, il dresse plusieurs plans et établit une liste de travaux à réaliser pour les défenses d'Antibes, de son port, et du Fort Carré. Il confie à l'ingénieur Antoine de Niquet la tâche de superviser ces travaux. Concernant le Fort Carré, peu de ces travaux ont été effectivement menés à bien. Il mena néanmoins à bien des améliorations, notamment une réfection générale des équipements afin d'assurer un meilleur confort des troupes, ainsi que la création des défenses extérieures. La silhouette du bâtiment n'a pas été modifiée par Vauban. La forme actuelle du Fort Carré est demeurée, à peu de chose près, celle qu'il avait déjà au XVIe siècle. (Wikipedia)

18th century.. The pied de roi (foot of the king) was prohibited in 1793. Maybe they couldn't agree if it should become the foot of Danton, Marat or Robespierre. The pied de roi was not reintroduced after the Revolution.

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