View allAll Photos Tagged resume!
©Angela M. Lobefaro Explore
Isola Bella is one of the Borromean Islands of Lago Maggiore in north Italy. The island is situated in the Borromean Gulf 400 meters from the lakeside town of Stresa. Isola Bella is 320 meters long by 400 meters wide and is entirely occupied by the Palazzo Borromeo and its Italianate garden.
History
Until 1632 the island—known only as l’isola inferiore or isola di sotto[1]—was a rocky crag occupied by a tiny fishing village: but that year Carlo III of the influential House of Borromeo began the construction of a palazzo dedicated to his wife, Isabella D'Adda, from whom the island takes its name. He entrusted the works to the Milanese Angelo Crivelli, who was also to be responsible for the planning the gardens. The works were interrupted around middle of the century when the Duchy of Milan was struck by a devastating outbreak of the plague.
Construction resumed when the island passed to Carlo’s sons, Cardinal Giberto III (1615-1672) and Vitaliano VI (1620-1690); the latter in particular, with the financial backing of his elder brother, entrusted the completion of the works to the Milanese architect Carlo Fontana and turned the villa into a place of sumptuous parties and theatrical events for the nobility of Europe.
The completion of the gardens, however, was left to his nephew Carlo IV (1657 -1734). They were inaugurated in 1671.
The island achieved its highest level of social success during the period of Giberto V Borromeo (1751 – 1837) when guests included Edward Gibbon, Napoleon and his wife Joséphine de Beauharnais, and Caroline of Brunswick, the Princess of Wales. It is said that Caroline, having fallen in love with the place, did her best to convince the Borromeo family to sell her Isola Madre or the Castelli di Cannero islands; in the event she established herself on the banks of Lake Como at Cernobbio in the Villa d’Este.
Dear friends! In the past 2018, thanks to your photos, the world has become a better and more truthful! From the bottom of my heart, I wish that in the New 2019th Year we are waiting for new joyful moments of our life! What do we want with her all!
You can see her photo in the album “tools”
Vintage Camera Welta Weltax 1938 #foveonyc
youtube.com/shorts/yaYyPPwHMsk?feature=share
There are lenses that, after exploring which, you seriously think about it: did the developers choose the right path after the Second World War! did it intentionally? Anyway, there are a lot of questions left for me ...
Victar 1:4,5 7,5cm
Ludwig or Ernst Ludwig was a German optical company based at Lausa, a small town near Dresden.
History
Optisches Werk Ernst Ludwig (Optical Factory Ernst Ludwig) company was grounded in 1924 in Lausa near Dresden, after Ernst Ludwig had acquired an optical glass factory. The company was making affordable lenses for medium class amateur cameras, named Enoldar, Peronar and Victar. E.g. the Victar series included triplet lenses of focal lengths from 25 to 135 mm, intended as fixed lenses as well as interchangeable ones for reflex cameras. In 1936 Ludwig was employing more than 70 workers. The town of Lausa merged with the neighbour town of Weixdorf in 1938, some prewar lenses were thus marked Ludwig Lausa Dresden.
The company was still led by Ernst Ludwig after 1945 and Meritar family of lenses (45 mm and 50 mm) was developed in this period. 16 per cent of shares were acquired by the state in 1959, while Ludwig headed the company further, until 1968. The company, having already 130 employees, became the state owned VEB Optisches Werk Weixdorf in 1972 and was headed by Peter Heizler. In 1980 it was absorbed by the VEB Pentacon.
The Weltax was a self-erecting folding camera made by Welta offering 6×6 or 6×4.5 images on 120 film. The model introduced in 1938 had its winding knob on the bottom of the camera; however when production resumed in 1947, the wind knob was moved to the top panel beside the viewfinder. A number of lens & shutter variations are known. Around 1956, some Weltax production was taken up by VEB Rheinmetall, engraved with their name on the bottom.
The camera has a quite small reverse Galilean viewfinder, mounted on a pedestal in the camera top. There's a little shifter on that pedestal to release the finder for viewing near image subjects. Another little shifter on top on the finder serves to narrow the frame in the viewfinder for 4.5x6cm exposures.
The camera has medium a flash synchronized quality shutter for speeds from 1 to 1/200 sec. plus B mode like the Tempor the Prontor-S and a lens like the Ludwig Meritar 1:3.5 f=75mm, the Meyer-Optik Trioplan 1:3.5 / 75 V and the Carl Zeiss Jena Tessar 3,5/75. It has a sturdy metal body, coated with leatherette. The front door was made of black plastics.
Amongst the northern beaches in Sydney are miles and miles of epic coastline. Here I found an interesting little 'river' formation. Whenever waves came in, they would absolutely smash through this little channel and fill it up with white water. The surge of water would explode onto shore, sending splashes of water all over. These were not even storm waves, but boy, they were the biggest waves I'd ever experienced - probably about five metres tall. Once in a while, the waves would double in height for a few cycles, and completely wet my pants.
It soon appeared to be quite dangerous, so I just did a couple snaps of this composition and chose a safer spot afterwards. My gear was quite drenched and I needed to clean it up anyway before I could resume (thank God for weather sealing). Just a short distance beside me, two huge pelicans were just standing still and looking in my direction. They must've been laughing at me for getting all soaked and cold.
In processing this piece, I attempted to emphasise the drama of a retreating backwash, as well as an ominous sky which added to the raw elemental feeling this scene gave me. It was so beautiful, and yet the power before me was terrifying at the same time.
© All rights reserved. Use without permission is illegal.
My husband & I have been observing this Osprey pair since May 4, 2022. We will be monitoring the nest until the chicks fledge. We are not able to see the chicks yet, as the bowl of the nest is very deep. Ospreys typically begin nest building and mating in mid-late April, with first egg laid in May. The male does most of the nest building, gathering long, thick sticks which are carefully arranged in a bowl-shape. Next the nest is lined with any number of materials including bark, grasses, sod, vines, algae, or flotsam & jetsam (floating debris). The first year a typical nest size is about 3 feet wide and 3-6 feet deep. Ospreys use the same nesting site year after year, so the nest can grow as large as 3-6 feet wide and 10 feet deep! A typical clutch is 1-4 eggs which take 36-42 days to hatch, and fledging is between 50-55 days. Ospreys raise one brood per season and both birds share rearing responsibilities. "Osprey males do not incubate eggs very much. According to field observations of breeding Ospreys, the female spends all night and most of the day (about 95% of the time) incubating while the male brings her food and protects the nest.
As the male brings food to the incubating female, she leaves the nest for a nearby tree to eat, allowing the male to take over incubation duties. After eating, she returns to the nest and resumes incubation." avianreport.com/osprey-breeding/
*All photographs were taken from at least 600 feet from nesting site and photos cropped 2-3 x's.
To see an Osprey pair overhead view this site, which shows nesting from building activity through hatched chicks: dickinsoncountyconservationboard.com/.../ospr.../....
www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Osprey/id
scottishwildlifetrust.org.uk/2018/07/osprey-update-when-w...
Sewing is one of my biggest passions, and I wanted to convey that somehow in my resume. I printed my info onto iron-on paper, transferred it to white fabric, and sewed it to a variety of printed fabrics.
The result was an tactile item that said something about me without having to be read.
May I please request that if you choose to add this to your blog (which is absolutely fine!), please include a link to my website- www.melissamakesthings.com
[Today I leave home for a few days. I will resume uploading on Monday, August 4, or possibly on Tuesday. Thank you for your understanding.]
Built during the early 1100s, the parochial church of the village of Merlévenez features a very interesting set of so-called “broken” or “pointy” arches in the nave, instead of the more traditional barrel arches. Contrary to what some internet sites claim, the “broken” arch was not invented by the Cistercians. It is a pure product of Cluniac architectural research, therefore invented by the mainstream Benedictines and not by their Cistercian offshoot. It is probably not the Cistercians that brought that shape to Brittany and built this church, as all those examples supplied by such web sites of Cistercians foundations using that same pointy arch date from 1130 at the earliest, when Merlévenez was probably almost completed already. Those web sites mistake the effect for the cause: it is indeed likely that the Cistercians found their own inspiration in Merlévenez, instead of having inspired it, or else (and perhaps more likely) they simply found that inspiration in Cluny.
In addition to this architectural feature, this church also offers some very interesting sculpted and historied capitals that have interestingly archaic characteristics, even though one must of course also account for the difficulty inherent in sculpting granite.
Naive, archaic human faces on capitals in the nave.
Sewing is one of my biggest passions, and I wanted to convey that somehow in my resume. I printed my info onto iron-on paper, transferred it to white fabric, and sewed it to a variety of printed fabrics.
The result was an tactile item that said something about me without having to be read.
May I please request that if you choose to add this to your blog (which is absolutely fine!), please include a link to my website- www.melissamakesthings.com
The tracks leading away from Boston's Government Center Green Line subway station.
The Green Line's daily weekday ridership is ~267,400, making it the most traveled light-rail line in the US.
Placed Third (of 227) in dpreview.com's "Subways" challenge: www.dpreview.com/challenges/Entry.aspx?ID=196758&View...
German Postcard by Krüger, no. 900/317.
Film and TV actress Barbara Valentin (1940-2002) was dubbed the 'German Jayne Mansfield' and a 'Scandal Magnet'. Her résumé includes sexploitation but also art films directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder. Her private life was fodder for the tabloids. Pop star Freddie Mercury was ‘the love of her life’.
This card is a variation on this postcard: flic.kr/p/cSGnk9 For more postcards, a bio and clips check out our blog European Film Star Postcards.
Photo Copyright 2012, dynamo.photography.
All rights reserved, no use without license
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Hong kong)
Hong Kong, officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory south to Mainland China and east to Macao in East Asia. With around 7.2 million Hong Kongers of various nationalities[note 2] in a territory of 1,104 km2, Hong Kong is the world's fourth most densely populated country or territory.
Hong Kong used to be a British colony with the perpetual cession of Hong Kong Island from the Qing Empire after the First Opium War (1839–42). The colony expanded to the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and acquired a 99-year lease of the New Territories from 1898. Hong Kong was later occupied by Japan during the Second World War until British control resumed in 1945. The Sino-British Joint Declaration signed between the United Kingdom and China in 1984 paved way for the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong in 1997, when it became a special administrative region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China with a high degree of autonomy.[15]
Under the principle of "one country, two systems",[16][17] Hong Kong maintains a separate political and economic system from China. Except in military defence and foreign affairs, Hong Kong maintains its independent executive, legislative and judiciary powers.[18] In addition, Hong Kong develops relations directly with foreign states and international organisations in a broad range of "appropriate fields".[19] Hong Kong involves in international organizations, such as the WTO[20] and the APEC [21], actively and independently.
Hong Kong is one of the world's most significant financial centres, with the highest Financial Development Index score and consistently ranks as the world's most competitive and freest economic entity.[22][23] As the world's 8th largest trading entity,[24] its legal tender, the Hong Kong dollar, is the world's 13th most traded currency.[25] As the world's most visited city,[26][27] Hong Kong's tertiary sector dominated economy is characterised by competitive simple taxation and supported by its independent judiciary system.[28] Even with one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, it suffers from severe income inequality.[29]
Nicknamed "Pearl of the Orient", Hong Kong is renowned for its deep natural harbour, which boasts the world's fifth busiest port with ready access by cargo ships, and its impressive skyline, with the most skyscrapers in the world.[30][31] It has a very high Human Development Index ranking and the world's longest life expectancy.[32][33] Over 90% of the population makes use of well-developed public transportation.[34][35] Seasonal air pollution with origins from neighbouring industrial areas of Mainland China, which adopts loose emissions standards, has resulted in a high level of atmospheric particulates in winter.[36][37][38]
Contents
1 Etymology
2 History
2.1 Prehistory
2.2 Imperial China
2.3 British Crown Colony: 1842–1941
2.4 Japanese occupation: 1941–45
2.5 Resumption of British rule and industrialisation: 1945–97
2.6 Handover and Special Administrative Region status
3 Governance
3.1 Structure of government
3.2 Electoral and political reforms
3.3 Legal system and judiciary
3.4 Foreign relations
3.5 Human rights
3.6 Regions and districts
3.7 Military
4 Geography and climate
5 Economy
5.1 Financial centre
5.2 International trading
5.3 Tourism and expatriation
5.4 Policy
5.5 Infrastructure
6 Demographics
6.1 Languages
6.2 Religion
6.3 Personal income
6.4 Education
6.5 Health
7 Culture
7.1 Sports
7.2 Architecture
7.3 Cityscape
7.4 Symbols
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
10.1 Citations
10.2 Sources
11 Further reading
12 External links
Etymology
Hong Kong was officially recorded in the 1842 Treaty of Nanking to encompass the entirety of the island.[39]
The source of the romanised name "Hong Kong" is not known, but it is generally believed to be an early imprecise phonetic rendering of the pronunciation in spoken Cantonese 香港 (Cantonese Yale: Hēung Góng), which means "Fragrant Harbour" or "Incense Harbour".[13][14][40] Before 1842, the name referred to a small inlet—now Aberdeen Harbour (Chinese: 香港仔; Cantonese Yale: Hēunggóng jái), literally means "Little Hong Kong"—between Aberdeen Island and the southern coast of Hong Kong Island. Aberdeen was an initial point of contact between British sailors and local fishermen.[41]
Another theory is that the name would have been taken from Hong Kong's early inhabitants, the Tankas (水上人); it is equally probable that romanisation was done with a faithful execution of their speeches, i.e. hōng, not hēung in Cantonese.[42] Detailed and accurate romanisation systems for Cantonese were available and in use at the time.[43]
Fragrance may refer to the sweet taste of the harbour's fresh water estuarine influx of the Pearl River or to the incense from factories lining the coast of northern Kowloon. The incense was stored near Aberdeen Harbour for export before Hong Kong developed Victoria Harbour.[40]
The name had often been written as the single word Hongkong until the government adopted the current form in 1926.[44] Nevertheless, a number of century-old institutions still retain the single-word form, such as the Hongkong Post, Hongkong Electric and the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation.
As of 1997, its official name is the "Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China". This is the official title as mentioned in the Hong Kong Basic Law and the Hong Kong Government's website;[45] however, "Hong Kong Special Administrative Region" and "Hong Kong" are widely accepted.
Hong Kong has carried many nicknames. The most famous among those is the "Pearl of the Orient", which reflected the impressive nightscape of the city's light decorations on the skyscrapers along both sides of the Victoria Harbour. The territory is also known as "Asia's World City".
History
Main articles: History of Hong Kong and History of China
Prehistory
Main article: Prehistoric Hong Kong
Archaeological studies support human presence in the Chek Lap Kok area (now Hong Kong International Airport) from 35,000 to 39,000 years ago and on Sai Kung Peninsula from 6,000 years ago.[46][47][48]
Wong Tei Tung and Three Fathoms Cove are the earliest sites of human habitation in Hong Kong during the Paleolithic Period. It is believed that the Three Fathom Cove was a river-valley settlement and Wong Tei Tung was a lithic manufacturing site. Excavated Neolithic artefacts suggested cultural differences from the Longshan culture of northern China and settlement by the Che people, prior to the migration of the Baiyue to Hong Kong.[49][50] Eight petroglyphs, which dated to the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC – 1066 BC) in China, were discovered on the surrounding islands.[51]
Imperial China
Main article: History of Hong Kong under Imperial China
In 214 BC, Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of a centralised China, conquered the Baiyue tribes in Jiaozhi (modern-day Liangguang region and Vietnam) and incorporated the area of Hong Kong into his imperial China for the first time. Hong Kong proper was assigned to the Nanhai commandery (modern-day Nanhai District), near the commandery's capital city Panyu.[52][53][54]
After a brief period of centralisation and collapse of the Qin dynasty, the area of Hong Kong was consolidated under the Kingdom of Nanyue, founded by general Zhao Tuo in 204 BC.[55] When Nanyue lost the Han-Nanyue War in 111 BC, Hong Kong came under the Jiaozhi commandery of the Han dynasty. Archaeological evidence indicates an increase of population and flourish of salt production. The Lei Cheng Uk Han Tomb on the Kowloon Peninsula is believed to have been built as a burial site during the Han dynasty.[56]
From the Han dynasty to the early Tang dynasty, Hong Kong was a part of Bao'an County. In the Tang dynasty, modern-day Guangzhou (Canton) flourished as an international trading centre. In 736, the Emperor Xuanzong of Tang established a military stronghold in Tuen Mun to strengthen defence of the coastal area.[57] The nearby Lantau Island was a salt production centre and salt smuggler riots occasionally broke out against the government. In c. 1075, The first village school, Li Ying College, was established around 1075 AD in modern-day New Territories by the Northern Song dynasty.[58] During their war against the Mongols, the imperial court of Southern Song was briefly stationed at modern-day Kowloon City (the Sung Wong Toi site) before their ultimate defeat by the Mongols at the Battle of Yamen in 1279.[59] The Mongols then established their dynastic court and governed Hong Kong for 97 years.
From the mid-Tang dynasty to the early Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Hong Kong was a part of Dongguan County. During the Ming dynasty, the area was transferred to Xin'an County. The indigenous inhabitants at that time consisted of several ethnicities such as Punti, Hakka, Tanka and Hoklo.
European discovery
The earliest European visitor on record was Jorge Álvares, a Portuguese explorer, who arrived in 1513.[60][61] Having established a trading post in a site they called "Tamão" in Hong Kong waters, Portuguese merchants commenced with regular trading in southern China. Subsequent military clashes between China and Portugal, however, led to the expulsion of all Portuguese merchants from southern China.
Since the 14th century, the Ming court had enforced the maritime prohibition laws that strictly forbade all private maritime activities in order to prevent contact with foreigners by sea.[62] When the Manchu Qing dynasty took over China, Hong Kong was directly affected by the Great Clearance decree of the Kangxi Emperor, who ordered the evacuation of coastal areas of Guangdong from 1661 to 1669. Over 16,000 inhabitants of Xin'an County including those in Hong Kong were forced to migrate inland; only 1,648 of those who had evacuated subsequently returned.[63][64]
British Crown Colony: 1842–1941
A painter at work. John Thomson. Hong Kong, 1871. The Wellcome Collection, London
Main articles: British Hong Kong and History of Hong Kong (1800s–1930s)
In 1839, threats by the imperial court of Qing to sanction opium imports caused diplomatic friction with the British Empire. Tensions escalated into the First Opium War. The Qing admitted defeat when British forces captured Hong Kong Island on 20 January 1841. The island was initially ceded under the Convention of Chuenpi as part of a ceasefire agreement between Captain Charles Elliot and Governor Qishan. A dispute between high-ranking officials of both countries, however, led to the failure of the treaty's ratification. On 29 August 1842, Hong Kong Island was formally ceded in perpetuity to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under the Treaty of Nanking.[65] The British officially established a Crown colony and founded the City of Victoria in the following year.[66]
The population of Hong Kong Island was 7,450 when the Union Flag raised over Possession Point on 26 January 1841. It mostly consisted of Tanka fishermen and Hakka charcoal burners, whose settlements scattered along several coastal hamlets. In the 1850s, a large number of Chinese immigrants crossed the then-free border to escape from the Taiping Rebellion. Other natural disasters, such as flooding, typhoons and famine in mainland China would play a role in establishing Hong Kong as a place for safe shelter.[67][68]
Further conflicts over the opium trade between Britain and Qing quickly escalated into the Second Opium War. Following the Anglo-French victory, the Crown Colony was expanded to include Kowloon Peninsula (south of Boundary Street) and Stonecutter's Island, both of which were ceded to the British in perpetuity under the Convention of Beijing in 1860.
In 1898, Britain obtained a 99-year lease from Qing under the Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory, in which Hong Kong obtained a 99-year lease of Lantau Island, the area north of Boundary Street in Kowloon up to Shenzhen River and over 200 other outlying islands.[69][70][71]
Hong Kong soon became a major entrepôt thanks to its free port status, attracting new immigrants to settle from both China and Europe. The society, however, remained racially segregated and polarised under early British colonial policies. Despite the rise of a British-educated Chinese upper-class by the late-19th century, race laws such as the Peak Reservation Ordinance prevented ethnic Chinese in Hong Kong from acquiring houses in reserved areas such as Victoria Peak. At this time, the majority of the Chinese population in Hong Kong had no political representation in the British colonial government. The British governors did rely, however, on a small number of Chinese elites, including Sir Kai Ho and Robert Hotung, who served as ambassadors and mediators between the government and local population.
File:1937 Hong Kong VP8.webmPlay media
Hong Kong filmed in 1937
In 1904, the United Kingdom established the world's first border and immigration control; all residents of Hong Kong were given citizenship as Citizens of United Kingdom and Colonies (CUKC).
Hong Kong continued to experience modest growth during the first half of the 20th century. The University of Hong Kong was established in 1911 as the territory's first higher education institute. While there had been an exodus of 60,000 residents for fear of a German attack on the British colony during the First World War, Hong Kong remained unscathed. Its population increased from 530,000 in 1916 to 725,000 in 1925 and reached 1.6 million by 1941.[72]
In 1925, Cecil Clementi became the 17th Governor of Hong Kong. Fluent in Cantonese and without a need for translator, Clementi introduced the first ethnic Chinese, Shouson Chow, into the Executive Council as an unofficial member. Under Clementi's tenure, Kai Tak Airport entered operation as RAF Kai Tak and several aviation clubs. In 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out when the Japanese Empire expanded its territories from northeastern China into the mainland proper. To safeguard Hong Kong as a freeport, Governor Geoffry Northcote declared the Crown Colony as a neutral zone.
Japanese occupation: 1941–45
Main article: Japanese occupation of Hong Kong
The Cenotaph in Hong Kong commemorates those who died in service in the First World War and the Second World War.[73]
As part of its military campaign in Southeast Asia during Second World War, the Japanese army moved south from Guangzhou of mainland China and attacked Hong Kong in on 8 December 1941.[74] Crossing the border at Shenzhen River on 8 December, the Battle of Hong Kong lasted for 18 days when British and Canadian forces held onto Hong Kong Island. Unable to defend against intensifying Japanese air and land bombardments, they eventually surrendered control of Hong Kong on 25 December 1941. The Governor of Hong Kong was captured and taken as a prisoner of war. This day is regarded by the locals as "Black Christmas".[75]
During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, the Japanese army committed atrocities against civilians and POWs, such as the St. Stephen's College massacre. Local residents also suffered widespread food shortages, limited rationing and hyper-inflation arising from the forced exchange of currency from Hong Kong dollars to Japanese military banknotes. The initial ratio of 2:1 was gradually devalued to 4:1 and ownership of Hong Kong dollars was declared illegal and punishable by harsh torture. Due to starvation and forced deportation for slave labour to mainland China, the population of Hong Kong had dwindled from 1.6 million in 1941 to 600,000 in 1945, when the United Kingdom resumed control of the colony on 2 September 1945.[76]
Resumption of British rule and industrialisation: 1945–97
Main articles: British Hong Kong, 1950s in Hong Kong, 1960s in Hong Kong, 1970s in Hong Kong, 1980s in Hong Kong, and 1990s in Hong Kong
Flag of British Hong Kong from 1959 to 1997
Hong Kong's population recovered quickly after the war, as a wave of skilled migrants from the Republic of China moved in to seek refuge from the Chinese Civil War. When the Communist Party eventually took full control of mainland China in 1949, even more skilled migrants fled across the open border for fear of persecution.[69] Many newcomers, especially those who had been based in the major port cities of Shanghai and Guangzhou, established corporations and small- to medium-sized businesses and shifted their base operations to British Hong Kong.[69] The establishment of a socialist state in China (People's Republic of China) on 1 October 1949 caused the British colonial government to reconsider Hong Kong's open border to mainland China. In 1951, a boundary zone was demarked as a buffer zone against potential military attacks from communist China. Border posts along the north of Hong Kong began operation in 1953 to regulate the movement of people and goods into and out of the territory.
Stamp with portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, 1953
In the 1950s, Hong Kong became the first of the Four Asian Tiger economies under rapid industrialisation driven by textile exports, manufacturing industries and re-exports of goods to China. As the population grew, with labour costs remaining low, living standards began to rise steadily.[77] The construction of the Shek Kip Mei Estate in 1953 marked the beginning of the public housing estate programme to provide shelter for the less privileged and to cope with the influx of immigrants.
Under Sir Murray MacLehose, 25th Governor of Hong Kong (1971–82), a series of reforms improved the public services, environment, housing, welfare, education and infrastructure of Hong Kong. MacLehose was British Hong Kong's longest-serving governor and, by the end of his tenure, had become one of the most popular and well-known figures in the Crown Colony. MacLehose laid the foundation for Hong Kong to establish itself as a key global city in the 1980s and early 1990s.
A sky view of Hong Kong Island
An aerial view of the northern shore of Hong Kong Island in 1986
To resolve traffic congestion and to provide a more reliable means of crossing the Victoria Harbour, a rapid transit railway system (metro), the MTR, was planned from the 1970s onwards. The Island Line (Hong Kong Island), Kwun Tong Line (Kowloon Peninsula and East Kowloon) and Tsuen Wan Line (Kowloon and urban New Territories) opened in the early 1980s.[78]
In 1983, the Hong Kong dollar left its 16:1 peg with the Pound sterling and switched to the current US-HK Dollar peg. Hong Kong's competitiveness in manufacturing gradually declined due to rising labour and property costs, as well as new development in southern China under the Open Door Policy introduced in 1978 which opened up China to foreign business. Nevertheless, towards the early 1990s, Hong Kong had established itself as a global financial centre along with London and New York City, a regional hub for logistics and freight, one of the fastest-growing economies in Asia and the world's exemplar of Laissez-faire market policy.[79]
The Hong Kong question
In 1971, the Republic of China (Taiwan)'s permanent seat on the United Nations was transferred to the People's Republic of China (PRC), Hong Kong's status as a recognised colony became terminated in 1972 under the request of PRC. Facing the uncertain future of Hong Kong and expiry of land lease of New Territories beyond 1997, Governor MacLehose raised the question in the late 1970s.
The British Nationality Act 1981 reclassified Hong Kong into a British Dependent Territory amid the reorganisation of global territories of the British Empire. All residents of Hong Kong became British Dependent Territory Citizens (BDTC). Diplomatic negotiations began with China and eventually concluded with the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration. Both countries agreed to transfer Hong Kong's sovereignty to China on 1 July 1997, when Hong Kong would remain autonomous as a special administrative region and be able to retain its free-market economy, British common law through the Hong Kong Basic Law, independent representation in international organisations (e.g. WTO and WHO), treaty arrangements and policy-making except foreign diplomacy and military defence.
It stipulated that Hong Kong would retain its laws and be guaranteed a high degree of autonomy for at least 50 years after the transfer. The Hong Kong Basic Law, based on English law, would serve as the constitutional document after the transfer. It was ratified in 1990.[69] The expiry of the 1898 lease on the New Territories in 1997 created problems for business contracts, property leases and confidence among foreign investors.
Handover and Special Administrative Region status
Main articles: Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong and 2000s in Hong Kong
Transfer of sovereignty
Golden Bauhinia Square
On 1 July 1997, the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China took place, officially marking the end of Hong Kong's 156 years under British colonial governance. As the largest remaining colony of the United Kingdom, the loss of Hong Kong effectively represented the end of the British Empire. This transfer of sovereignty made Hong Kong the first special administrative region of China. Tung Chee-Hwa, a pro-Beijing business tycoon, was elected Hong Kong's first Chief Executive by a selected electorate of 800 in a televised programme.
Structure of government
Hong Kong's current structure of governance inherits from the British model of colonial administration set up in the 1850s. The 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration states that "Hong Kong should enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all areas except defence and foreign affairs" with reference to the underlying principle of one country, two systems.[note 3] This Declaration stipulates that Hong Kong maintains her capitalist economic system and guarantees the rights and freedoms of her people for at least 50 years after the 1997 handover. [note 4] Such guarantees are enshrined in the Hong Kong's Basic Law, the territory's constitutional document, which outlines the system of governance after 1997, albeit subject to interpretation by China's Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPCSC).[95][96]
Hong Kong's most senior leader, Chief Executive, is elected by a committee of 1,200 selected members (600 in 1997) and nominally appointed by the Government of China. The primary pillars of government are the Executive Council, Legislative Council, civil service and Judiciary.
Policy-making is initially discussed in the Executive Council, presided by the Chief Executive of Hong Kong, before passing to the Legislative Council for bill adoption. The Executive Council consists of 30 official/unofficial members appointed by the Chief Executive and one member among them acts as the convenor.[97][98]
The Legislative Council, set up in 1843, debates policies and motions before voting to adopt or rejecting bills. It has 70 members (originally 60) and 40 (originally 30) among them are directly elected by universal suffrage; the other 30 members are "functional constituencies" (indirectly) elected by a smaller electorate of corporate bodies or representatives of stipulated economic sectors as defined by the government. The Legislative Council is chaired by a president who acts as the speaker.[99][100]
In 1997, seating of the Legislative Council (also public services and election franchises) of Hong Kong modelled on the British system: Urban Council (Hong Kong and Kowloon) and District Council (New Territories and Outlying Islands). In 1999, this system has been reformed into 18 directly elected District Offices across 5 Legislative Council constituencies: Hong Kong Island (East/West), Kowloon and New Territories (East/West); the remaining outlying islands are divided across the aforementioned regions.
Hong Kong's Civil Service, created by the British colonial government, is a politically neutral body that implements government policies and provides public services. Senior civil servants are appointed based on meritocracy. The territory's police, firefighting and customs forces, as well as clerical officers across various government departments, make up the civil service.[101][102]
Details best viewed in Original Size.
The Basilica of St. Ludmila is a neo-Gothic Catholic church at Náměstí Míru (Peace Square) in Prague's Vinohrady, built on plans of Josef Mocker in 1888–1892. It is named in honor of St. Ludmila of Bohemia. It is a brick-made three-aisle basilica with a transversal nave in the shape of the cross. The church front features two 60.5m-high towers with bells and the tall gable with portal above the main entrance with sculptures. The interior of the temple excels in a rich color windows, paintings and sculptures on which participated national artists Josef Václav Myslbek, Josef Čapek and František Ženíšek. The basilica was closed due to Metro construction and later for reconstruction in 1974–1992. In 1980, its major reconstruction started. By December 1984, the restoration of the southern nave was completed, where the service of the Mass was temporarily resumed in improvised setting. On 16 September 1992, the day of veneration of St. Ludmila, the whole temple was reopened in the solemn ceremony of consecration of the new altar, which was held by Cardinal Miloslav Vlk. On 3 September 1993, the bells rang again on the towers of the church. In August 2022, the church was elevated by Pope Francis to the status of basilica minor.
This panorama was constructed using Photoshop CC to stitch together vertically two landscape-oriented images.
Additional information on the Basilica of St. Ludmila may be obtained at Wikipedia.
Satisfaction Véhémente.
Idées apparentes importuné résumé d'aptitude reflète l'amour,
ipsum confluebant fame imminente processus dividitur in altum,
betäubt Übersetzungen reflektieren Ruf umständlich,
adembenemende oppervlak eeuwigheid mirroring oneindige leegte staren,
scontri saluti serena distrazioni esistenza di ripascimento,
dealltwriaethau fulfillments dymuno cwblhau'r lleihau,
συμφωνίες επαναλαμβανόμενες ενεργειακά θέματα περιέπλεξε τις προσπάθειες,
brisant incroyables ailes scintillant rêver,
occhi ardenti deriva gialli maree in aumento,
sine constantia, rupti sunt aquae liquoribus greges florum,
flautas inocência delicados acoplamento vinha encantadoras sobrepõe,
fringant parfum parfumé passions calmes du monde bliss,
Gealacha dlús ciorcail thuisceanach fiáin,
Des visages radieux des multitudes de pulvérisation rayons eaux,
調和のとれたスリープの内側に晴れやかにはスレンダーな曲を聖別.
Steve.D.Hammond.
Sony DSLR-A580
300mm F4
The white stork (Ciconia ciconia) is a large bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. Its plumage is mainly white, with black on its wings. Adults have long red legs and long pointed red beaks, and measure on average 100–115 cm (39–45 in) from beak tip to end of tail, with a 155–215 cm (61–85 in) wingspan. The two subspecies, which differ slightly in size, breed in Europe (north to Finland), northwestern Africa, southwestern Asia (east to southern Kazakhstan) and southern Africa. The white stork is a long-distance migrant, wintering in Africa from tropical Sub-Saharan Africa to as far south as South Africa, or on the Indian subcontinent. When migrating between Europe and Africa, it avoids crossing the Mediterranean Sea and detours via the Levant in the east or the Strait of Gibraltar in the west, because the air thermals on which it depends do not form over water.
A carnivore, the white stork eats a wide range of animal prey, including insects, fish, amphibians, reptiles, small mammals and small birds. It takes most of its food from the ground, among low vegetation, and from shallow water. It is a monogamous breeder, but does not pair for life. Both members of the pair build a large stick nest, which may be used for several years. Each year the female can lay one clutch of usually four eggs, which hatch asynchronously 33–34 days after being laid. Both parents take turns incubating the eggs and both feed the young. The young leave the nest 58–64 days after hatching, and continue to be fed by the parents for a further 7–20 days.
The white stork has been rated as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It benefited from human activities during the Middle Ages as woodland was cleared, but changes in farming methods and industrialisation saw it decline and disappear from parts of Europe in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Conservation and reintroduction programs across Europe have resulted in the white stork resuming breeding in the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Sweden. It has few natural predators, but may harbour several types of parasite; the plumage is home to chewing lice and feather mites, while the large nests maintain a diverse range of mesostigmatic mites. This conspicuous species has given rise to many legends across its range, of which the best-known is the story of babies being brought by storks.
The white stork is a large bird. It has a length of 100–115 cm (39–45 in), and a standing height of 100–125 cm (39–49 in). The wingspan is 155–215 cm (61–85 in) and its weight is 2.3–4.5 kg (5.1–9.9 lb). Like all storks, it has long legs, a long neck and a long straight pointed beak.[11] The sexes are identical in appearance, except that males are larger than females on average. The plumage is mainly white with black flight feathers and wing coverts; the black is caused by the pigment melanin. The breast feathers are long and shaggy forming a ruff which is used in some courtship displays. The irises are dull brown or grey, and the peri-orbital skin is black. The adult has a bright red beak and red legs, the colouration of which is derived from carotenoids in the diet. In parts of Spain, studies have shown that the pigment is based on astaxanthin obtained from an introduced species of crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and the bright red beak colours show up even in nestlings, in contrast to the duller beaks of young white storks elsewhere.
In flight. White storks fly with their necks outstretched.
As with other storks, the wings are long and broad enabling the bird to soar. In flapping flight its wingbeats are slow and regular. It flies with its neck stretched forward and with its long legs extended well beyond the end of its short tail. It walks at a slow and steady pace with its neck upstretched. In contrast, it often hunches its head between its shoulders when resting. Moulting has not been extensively studied, but appears to take place throughout the year, with the primary flight feathers replaced over the breeding season.
Head, neck and upper body of a white stork with a long beak with is reddish at the base fading to black at the tip
An older juvenile at Vogelpark Avifauna, Netherlands. Beaks turn red starting at the base.
Upon hatching, the young white stork is partly covered with short, sparse, whitish down feathers. This early down is replaced about a week later with a denser coat of woolly white down. By three weeks, the young bird acquires black scapulars and flight feathers. On hatching the chick has pinkish legs, which turn to greyish-black as it ages. Its beak is black with a brownish tip. By the time it fledges, the juvenile bird's plumage is similar to that of the adult, though its black feathers are often tinged with brown, and its beak and legs are a duller brownish-red or orange. The beak is typically orange or red with a darker tip. The bills gain the adults' red colour the following summer, although the black tips persist in some individuals. Young storks adopt adult plumage by their second summer.
Source:
Wikipedia
Guilfoyle was Curator of the Melbourne Botanic Gardens and designed a number of private and public botanic gardens in the Western Districts of Victoria. He was known for his lawns, unusual trees, drought resistant plants and picturesque features in the gardens such as ponds, fountains, wells, gazebos, sun dials etc.
Camperdown.
Like Noorat, Camperdown is overshadowed by a volcanic cone, Mt Leura, which ensures fertile volcanic soils suitable for dairying are found in the surrounding countryside. Camperdown has become the major regional town. It was once surrounded by some of the great pastoral properties of Victoria, most of which had grand mansions erected on them befitting the great wealth and status of the early pastoralists including:
Purrumbete (the Manifold brothers, 11,000 acres) on the main highway to Geelong; Talindert (also a Manifold property, 6,000 acres) nearer to Mt Leura; West Cloven Hills ( Nicholas Cole 22,000 acres); Meningoort ( Peter McArthur, 13,000 acres); Keilambete ( John Thomson, 26,000 acres- remember the Thomson Memorial Presbyterian church in Terang?); Gala ( John & Thomas Brown, 31,500 acres); Larra ( James Kinross - the buildings are National Heritage listed); Titanga ( James Wilson and partners, 14,000 acres;) and Mount Elephant (Chirnside family of Werribee Park –more than 12,000 acres). Of all of these families it was the Manifolds of Purrumbete and Talindert who provided significant social and civic leadership to Camperdown. Thus the Main Street is Manifold Street and when Princess Alexandra visited Camperdown in 1959 she stayed at Talindert. But by then Talindert, like all the large pastoral estates, had been broken up for closer settlement around the turn of the 20th century. It was a grand house with a small acreage of around 1,700 acres. Purrumbete historic mansion recently sold in February 2013 with just 420 acres. Manifolds have served on the town and district councils, including as President of the Shire etc. It was the Manifold family who paid for the unusual clock tower in the Main Street as a memorial for their son Thomas Manifold who was killed in a hunting accident in 1896. £1,000 was given to the shire council for its erection in 1897. The tower is 103 feet high (31.4 metres) and the clock chimes regularly. The Manifolds also gave financial support to the hospital, the road to the top of Mt Leura and the extensions to the high school. Rather than large sheep properties Camperdown is now surrounded by small dairy farms or beef cattle properties.
The first Camperdown settlement was actually at Timboon where the old Timboon Inn, erected around 1855 still stands. A couple of shepherds lived here and a primitive bush store opened. But the ground was too swampy and so the site was moved closer to Mt Leura. Timboon was on the leasehold of the Manifold brothers of Purrumbete but in 1852 the government resumed land from the Manifolds and surveyed a town and some small acreage blocks near Mt Leura. Camperdown was named in 1854 by Governor LaTrobe when on a hunting trip with Niel Black of Glenormiston. Houses began to appear in 1857 and by 1859 it was a small town with a hotel, stores, wool agent etc. The storekeeper at Timboon moved into Camperdown in 1860 as the town began to grow. In 1858 the first Courthouse was opened with a Police Station following in 1859 and a Post office and telegraph service in 1862. As early as 1871 a local newspaper was established for the town and an early school was built in 1858. The bluestone school was erected in 1886. It was schoolchildren who planted the English Elms in the Main Street in 1876. The railway from Geelong reached the town in 1883 with much fanfare. The old Courthouse in polychromatic brickwork built in 1887 is now the museum, Information Centre and shop for souvenirs etc.
The Camperdown Botanic Gardens deserved special mention. Not only were they designed by our friend William Guilfoyle but they provide a wonderful lookout over the two local volcanic lakes, Bullen Merri and Gnotuk. The two lakes although very close to each other are at different altitudes. Both are maars, or water filled volcanic cones with a surrounding volcanic scoria rim. Bullen Merri is actually two maars that have coalesced. Bullen Merri is about 60 metres deep and Gnotuk about 20 metres deep. Both lakes are the same height above sea level but with a 40-metre difference in their surface heights. Lake Bullen Merri inspired well-known colonial artist Eugene von Guerard to paint it in 1858. Look for copies on the internet. Guilfoyle’s Botanic Gardens are special because they used to contain a statue of the Scottish poet and folk hero Robbie Burns but this has now been placed indoors for safekeeping. The base remains! The gardens have some unusual plants (a typical Guilfoyle trademark) including Himalayan Oak, African Holly tree (Cassine crocea also known as Elaeodendron croceum or Saffron Wood from South Africa), and an extremely rare Quercus leucotrichophora(Blackjack Oak from India) just east of the Robbie Burns statue base. The Gardens also have many fine European Linden trees.
Mount Leura is yet another volcanic cone affording vistas over the hedge-divided countryside. Mount Leura was an active volcano about 20,000 years ago. The reserve here was donated by the Manifold brothers. Nearby Mount Sugarloaf is a perfectly symmetric scoria cone and very much photographed because of that. The circular sheep tracks add to its interest! Both Sugarloaf and Leura are about 311 metres tall the same height as Mt Noorat. There is a deep crater separating Sugarloaf and Leura. It is estimated that Mt Leura formed in about 20 years of constant lava eruptions from a central vent which immediately cooled into scoria pocked with air holes from where gases escaped. The highest maar or volcanic cone in Western Victoria is Mount Elephant near Derrinallum at 393 metres.
The SR 99 tunneling machine's reassembled front end is lifted over the access pit on Aug. 24, 2015. Seattle Tunnel Partners, the contractor responsible for designing and building the SR 99 tunnel, lowered the piece back into the pit as part of their effort to repair the machine and resume tunneling. Learn more about the Alaskan Way Viaduct Replacement Program at www.alaskanwayviaduct.org or follow Bertha, the SR 99 tunneling machine, on Twitter @BerthaDigsSR99.
I had no idea why there were so many views and favorites on this until my friend found my resume featured on www.inspiremonkey.com/2010/08/40-creatively-stunning-and-....
Thanks to whoever put this on the list. Next time feel free to give me a heads up before you post it somewhere so I know what the heck is going on! :)
Alexander McCulloch took up a pastoral lease in this area in 1850. He held it until much of the area was resumed for closer settlement in 1869. The Hundred of Yongala was declared soon after but settlement did not begin until around 1875. The section where Peterborough now stands was taken up by Peter Doecke in 1875. He sent his niece and her husband from the Barossa Valley to settle the section in 1876. Once the government sent surveyors to determine the junction of the railways from Jamestown and Terowie, Peter Doecke had township allotments surveyed and created a private town in 1880. He called it Petersburg, although this was changed during World War One in 1917 when all German place names were Anglicised or changed. In the same year Doecke sold some land to the government for railway and government purposes and a Post Office was opened in 1880, along with a Telegraph station in 1881, and a railway station in 1881. (The railway reached the town in 1880.) A police station and two hotels soon followed in 1881. Banks, shops and service industries followed, along with churches, and a government school in 1881. There was frenzied activity to establish a major town at this important rail junction. The town developed more once the bill was passed authorising a railway from Petersburg to the SA/NSW border to tap into the silver mines of Silverton ( 1887), and shortly afterwards the silver, lead and zinc mines of Broken Hill. The coming of age of the town was reached quickly with the opening of the Institute in 1884, and the establishment of the town corporation and the opening of the adjoining Town Hall in 1894. The lifeblood of any town was always industry which would provide employment. Although Peterborough had the railways it soon had other significant industries too. The first was the flourmill which opened in 1885 and operated until 1924 when it was converted into premises for freezing rabbits and for producing ice. A cordial factory was established in 1894 and operated until 1976 when the factory was burnt down. The cordial factory had various owners over the years, and after a visit by the Governor in 1899 it was granted Vice Regal approval. In the early days from 1899 until 1915 another factory produced temperance drinks, relishes and Worcestershire sauce.
Given the town was just outside Goyder’s Line it is somewhat surprising that Peterborough had a butter factory from 1898 until well into the 1930s. Butter was exported to England. Milk was supplied to the factory from a wide area including Orroroo, Hallett and Hammond from over 100 suppliers. It was usually sent by rail to Peterborough, and often came from properties with only one or two cows which were hand milked. The town also had its own printing works from 1887 to produce a local newspaper. Papers for Orroroo and Quorn were also printed in Peterborough. The printing works surviving until 1970 when all operations were taken over by the printers in Port Pirie.
Peterborough was also special in that the government established a Gold Battery in the town in 1897, with an attached cyanide works. In the first six years of operation the battery produced 61,000 grams of gold with most of it coming from the goldfields near Oodlawirra and Dawson. Ore from across the state was still being sent to Peterborough works in the 1980s. The cyanide plant was closed down in 1954. The gold battery is controlled by the National Trust, more as a museum piece, than a fully operating gold battery but it does still operate. It is the only gold battery in South Australia.
The Union Church which opened in 1879 was used by Methodists and Presbyterians. A tin Wesleyan Church was opened in 1880, but a stone church was not finished until 1884. The Baptists opened their first church in Peterborough in 1883 and it was added to several times. Once the Wesleyans and Baptists had their own churches, the original Union Church was re-dedicated as the Anglican Church in 1884. The Anglicans later built a new church which was opened in 1889.Further additions and enhancements were carried out over the next thirty years. This church was in the Diocese of Willochra which was created in 1915 with bishops being enthroned in the Port Pirie or Port Augusta church. The first bishop in 1915 resided in Peterborough in rented premises for two years before moving to Gladstone. The Presbyterians did not establish regular services after the initial period of 1879, until 1900 when they began planning their own church. They held services in the Town Hall until their church was completed in 1903. The congregation was always small and the church closed in 1918, with the building being converted to a residence in 1922. The Lutherans in Petersburg started their first services in 1877. A church (St Peters) was built in 1885 and a Lutheran school started soon afterwards. Dwindling numbers forced the day school to close in 1912 but the government would have forced its closure during World War One anyway.
The Catholics in Peterborough built the first church, St Sebastian’s three miles outside of the town with the first priest arriving in 1884.( This church was later demolished.) In 1884 the first Catholic Church in the town was opened and dedicated to St Anacletus with an attached day school with seven pupils. Tenders were called for a new church in 1890 and the formal opening was held in 1892. This became one of the largest buildings in the town after extensive additions in 1916 as it was then the Pro-Cathedral for the Diocese of Port Augusta. Nearby the convent school was opened in 1923 and operated until 1973. In 1912 work started on a two storey Bishop’s Residence, designed by Bishop Norton himself. The massive stone residence of fourteen rooms, complete with new electric light from a private generator, was finished in 1913. It had extensive stables, out buildings and a large surrounding stonewall. Peterborough was to be the focal point of the diocese of Port Augusta. Bishops resided in the house until 1952 when the diocese was changed to the diocese of Port Pirie and the Bishop’s Residence was shifted to Port Pirie as is the cathedral. Bishop’s Palace is now known as St Cecelia’s and operated as a private bed and breakfast establishment
The day after the shooting, normal life was resumed and people in Tel Aviv went out in between rain showers to relax by the Mediterranean Sea.
I was pensive, pacing slowly on the Sea Promenade, looking around, admiring the spirit of my fellow human beings when my eyes caught them. A young couple sitting together, talking quietly.
I liked the peacefulness about them, and as our eyes met, I asked whether they would let me make a few pictures of them.
Maor is an Electrical Engineer and his beautiful girlfriend, Chen, is on her fourth studying year of Medicine. I was really impressed.
The two have started dating only a month ago. I could tell they were still a bit shy with each other.
Beside his work, Maor likes sport and travelling.
He has seen quite a bit of the world.
Chen likes music, she plays the ukulele and a bit of guitar.
I really enjoyed talking to them. Young people who care about their fellow human beings and enjoy life. As it should be.
I wished them all the best and promised to send the pictures I've just made of them.
Towering Tractor! 37025 "Inverness" TMD crosses over the SWML as it heads towards Cardiff Queen Street making it's way back to Rhymney to resume Thunderbird duties working 0R25 10.35 Cardiff Canton Sidings - Rhymney Sidings.
The newest version of the Wakuda Studio resume. Censored for your protection. View in original size for all the detail.
History:
The development of Xerion began in 1968, but was suspended in 1972 with the launch of the MB-Trac, because originally a collaboration with Mercedes-Benz was being considered. 1978, the development was resumed.
Concept:
The Claas Xerion has a system of four steered tractor tires of the equal size. The Xerion has three mounting areas: front and rear hydraulic linkage, and structure behind the cab. In addition, some versions have a 110-mm ball coupling for a gooseneck hitch behind the cab.
The cabin is located, depending on the design, to be centred on the frame. For the TRAC VC version has a cabin that can partially rotate backwards for push operation or in the normal direction of direction of travel, to be centrally mounted with the view forward over the engine.
Suspension:
The first models of Xerion possessed a welded frame in full frame design, now the frame construction is bolted.
The axles of the Xerion can be steered either individually, in opposite directions or in the same direction (in the crab ) via the steerable rigid axle.
Drive:
The engines are inline six-cylinder Mercedes-Benz with up to 390 kW. In the past, engines were Perkins Engines and Caterpillar installed.
The original development contract included the construction of a separate continuously variable transmission, the HM-8. It had an 8-areas and works with a hydrostatic-mechanical power split. The gearbox was awarded the Agritechnica Gold Medal award in 1997. The Claas Xerion used the continuous transmission from ZF.
[Text from Wikipedia]
The model shown here is the largest, most powerful version of the Claas XERION 4x4 Tractor system, the 5000. The model has the standard cabin configuration, and includes technic piston engine, four-wheel-drive and four-wheel steering. The Lego miniland-scale model has been created for Flickr LUGNuts' 84th Build Challenge, our 7th birthday, to the theme, - "LUGNuts Turns 7…or 49 in Dog Years", - where all the previous challenge themes are available to build to. The XERION has been built to the 37th Build Challenge, - "The Food We Eat", - for farm-related vehicles, or vehicles used for the transportation of food products.
We were on one of the Rovos Rail trips, and nice as it was inside the train, I managed to arrange a cab ride for the climb out of Windhoek, Namibia. Unfortunately (fortunately for me) we overheated on the winding grade out of town and then struggled to restart with wheelslip issues until the two locos were carefully driven as independent units by the two drivers. Quite the experience! Locos are 33-002 and 445 (GE export U20Cs from the late 60s), train 99911, 14 May 2015
After stopping briefly in rural farm country to check out a noisy journal box, a local commuter train resumes her trip on this misty, fall morning. A Lerro Productions Charter on the Everett Railroad.
Berlin, "Municipal Baths Reloaded", Video Art and Light installations in the Lichtenberg Municipal Baths": Locker room on the Gallery of the Small Hall
Als Lichtenberg 1907 in den Rang einer Stadt erhoben wurde und sein erstes Rathaus besaß, plante die Stadtverwaltung auch die entsprechenden städtischen Einrichtungen wie ein Amtsgericht, ein Krankenhaus, ein Entbindungsheim, Schulen und ein Volksbad. Die Kommune erwarb ein 3800 m² großes Grundstück an der Frankfurter Allee und gründete eine Kommission für die Erbauung einer Volksbadeanstalt, besetzt mit sieben Stadtverordneten und sieben Bürgerdeputierten. Architekten lieferten sogar in der Zeit des Ersten Weltkriegs Baupläne für eine solche öffentliche Badeeinrichtung. Der erste Spatenstich erfolgte im Jahr 1919 und die Fundamente wurden gelegt. Weil Lichtenberg 1920 als Bezirk nach Groß-Berlin eingemeindet wurde und seinen Stadtstatus verlor (und sicherlich auch wegen knapper Kassen unmittelbar nach dem Krieg), wurden die Bauarbeiten eingestellt. Erst 1925, nach Überwindung der Inflation, wurde weitergebaut, nachdem die Ingenieur-Architekten Rudolf Gleye und Otto Weis die vorhandenen Pläne aktualisiert hatten. Es entstand ein mehrgliedriger kubischer Baukörper im Stil des Expressionismus mit – nach damaligen Vorstellungen – sehr modernen Ausstattungen:
Die Einweihung des Hubertusbades nahm der Berliner Oberbürgermeister Gustav Böß am 2. Februar 1928 vor. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg beschädigte eine Sprengbombe das Gebäude an der Nordwestseite, es blieb aber noch funktionstüchtig. Außerdem gingen durch die Druckwellen die meisten Scheiben zu Bruch. Das Bad wurde notdürftig repariert. Als im Zusammenhang mit der Errichtung kompletter Neubauviertel in den östlichen Stadtbezirken ab Ende der 1960er Jahre dort auch neue lichtdurchflutete Schwimmhallen entstanden, verlor das Hubertusbad seine über den Bezirk hinausgehende Bedeutung. Hinzu kam, dass nun Baumängel, die bereits seit der Fertigstellung vorhanden waren, immer gravierender wurden, 1988 musste deshalb zunächst die große Halle geschlossen werden. Grund war ein Defekt an der Wasseraufbereitungs- und Heizungsanlage, der sich nicht mehr beheben ließ. Nach dem Mauerfall und dem schrittweisen Zusammenwachsen der gesamten Stadt galten die bisherigen bundesdeutschen Vorschriften für solche Einrichtungen, Geld für Reparaturen stand nun auch nicht mehr bereit. Als 1991 die Hauptwasserzuführung kaputtging, mussten auch die kleine Halle und alle anderen Badeinrichtungen geschlossen werden. Die kleine Halle diente dann zweckentfremdet als Lagerhalle.. Im Jahr 2016 fasste der Senat von Berlin einen Entschluss, der einer Wiederbelebung des Bades einen großen Schritt näher kam: der Komplex bleibt Eigentum des Landes Berlin. Im Auftrag der Stadt kümmert sich seitdem das Unternehmen Berliner Immobilienmanagement (BIM) um Möglichkeiten der Nachnutzung.
Eine Wiederaufnahme des Badebetriebes ist wegen der hohen Investitionskosten und der Unwirtschaftlichkeit eines laufenden Betriebes nicht mehr vorgesehen. Daher soll das Stadtbad Lichtenberg sowohl Veranstaltungsort als auch Begegnungszentrum im Kiez werden. Zur langfristigen Erreichung dieses Zieles wurde ein Zwei-Stufen-Plan beschlossen und unter Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit in einem Konkretisierungs- und Planungsworkshop vertieft: Im ersten Bauabschnitt, der Anfang des Jahres 2022 abgeschlossen war, wurden aus dem Haus mehrere Tonnen Bauschutt entfernt sowie Elektroanschlüsse und Sanitäranlagen im linken (östlichen) Gebäudeteil wieder hergerichtet. Über das Becken der ehemaligen Frauenschwimmhalle wurde ein Holzboden gezogen, auf dem seit 2022 Ausstellungen und andere Events stattfinden können. Auf diesem Parkettboden können bis zu 200 Personen platziert werden. Hier finden temporäre Veranstaltungen statt, wie die, die wir besucht haben. Sie heißt "Stadtbad Reloaded" und führt die Gäste auf einen spannenden Rundgang durch das Haus, welches mit beeindruckenden Lichtinstallationen und über 157 digitalen Kunstwerken in allen Ecken wieder zum Leben erwacht.
Quelle: Überwiegend Wikipedia
When Lichtenberg was elevated to the status of a town in 1907 and had its first town hall, the town council also planned the corresponding municipal facilities such as a district court, a hospital, a maternity home, schools and a public swimming pool. The municipality acquired a 3,800 square metre plot of land on Frankfurter Allee and set up a commission for the construction of a public baths, consisting of seven city councillors and seven citizen deputies. Architects even provided construction plans for such a public bathing facility during the First World War. The ground-breaking ceremony took place in 1919 and the foundations were laid. Because Lichtenberg was incorporated into Greater Berlin as a borough in 1920 and lost its city status (and no doubt also due to a shortage of funds immediately after the war), construction work was halted. It was not until 1925, after the inflation had been overcome, that building work resumed after the engineer-architects Rudolf Gleye and Otto Weis had updated the existing plans. The result was a multi-storey cubic building in the Expressionist style with - according to the ideas of the time - very modern fixtures and fittings. The Hubertusbad was inaugurated by the Lord Mayor of Berlin, Gustav Böß, on 2 February 1928. During the Second World War, a high-explosive bomb damaged the building on the north-west side, but it remained functional. Most of the windows were also broken by the blast waves. The baths were provisionally repaired. When new, light-flooded swimming pools were built in the eastern boroughs at the end of the 1960s in connection with the construction of entire new neighbourhoods, the Hubertus Baths lost its importance beyond the borough. In addition, construction defects, which had been present since completion, became increasingly serious, and in 1988 the large hall had to be closed. The reason was a defect in the water treatment and heating system that could no longer be repaired.
After the fall of the Berlin Wall and the gradual merging of the entire city, the regulations for such facilities in vigour in West Germany applied and there was no longer any money available for repairs. When the main water supply broke in 1991, the small hall and all other bathing facilities had to be closed. The small hall was then misused as a warehouse. In 2016, the Berlin Senate took a decision that brought the revitalisation of the baths a big step closer: the complex remains property of the state of Berlin. Since then, the Berlin Real Estate Management Administration (BIM) has been working on behalf of the city to find ways to reutilise the site. Due to the high investment costs and the inefficiency of the operation of the pools, it is no longer planned to resume bathing activities. The Lichtenberg Municipal Baths are therefore to become both a venue for events and a meeting centre in the neighbourhood. In order to achieve this goal in the long term, a two-stage plan was adopted and further developed with the participation of the public in a concretisation and planning workshop:
In the first construction phase, which was completed at the beginning of 2022, several tonnes of rubble were removed from the building and electrical connections and sanitary facilities were restored in the left-hand (eastern) part of the building. A wooden floor was laid over the pool of the former women's swimming pool, which has been used for exhibitions and other events since 2022. Up to 200 people can be seated on this parquet floor. Temporary events take place here, like the one we visited. It is called ‘Municipal Baths Reloaded’ and takes guests on an exciting tour of the building, which comes back to life with impressive light installations and over 157 digital artworks in every corner.
Source: Mainly Wikipedia
The Batmobile resumes its journey,* speeding west along Highway 35. The encounter with Bond had been startlingly enlightening. Dreamwalkers. Dreamweavers.**
"Batcomputer. Scan for boundaries in Paprihaven along theta lines. Cross with phantasmal energies across all levels of subatomic translucence."
"Working."
He's missing something. There's not a known formula to scan for dream energy but this should give a starting point. Still...
Something has been bothering him since he and Bond were hit by the... what to call it? If his theory is correct, it was akin to a REM ripple.***
At first Batman was sure he had returned to his previous form. But, then, Bond had been just as sure. He had noticed Bond's difference though. He had to know for sure.
KLIK!
"Hey, Batman!"
"Canary, turn on your video. Look at me."
"Mmooookay! And... Okay, I see you."
"And?"
"Aaaannd, It sounds like I should be noticing something? But I'm missing it."
"Good."
"What was I-"
KLIK!
"Selena."
"Hello, handsome. Oh, and a video call no less. Want me to-"
"How do I look?"
"-get... How do you look? What a fascinatingly un-Batman question. You look luscious. You look entirely-"
"Bond is on his way to meet all of you at the Boogaloo. My Batcomputer places you there."
"Why is your computer tracking m-"
"When he arrives, look at him, contact me, and tell me how he looks."
"... ... Are you wanting me to tell you which of you is more yummy?? I never knew you-"
KLIK!
"Superman."
"Batman, give me some news. We need a solution. The way this conflict has scaled up, even if we win, Paprihaven will be destroyed."
"Hrn. I'm tracking on new information now. I may have a solution soon. I'm going to be out of play and out of contact for a while."
"What's a while?"
"Hard to tell. And I'll need Diana."
"Diana is our heaviest hitter second only to me."
"She beat you once."
"I was mind controlled. If you need power, take Mary Marvel. Or Power Girl. I'd offer Kara but she's out of dimension with Barbara on a mission of the Queen."****
"Out of dimension? Alice sent them? I didn't okay Batgirl leaving."
"I'm just surprised I knew something you didn't."
"No, I need Diana. It's not just the power, it's her experience. Everything may hinge on this, Kal. We don't want to cut corners here."
"Have you asked Diana?"
"I wanted to speak with you first. Keep you in the loop. So you don't throw another super-fit."*****
"I didn't... Okay, contact her. If Diana's good with it, I'm good with it, but do it on open channel so everyone knows she's off the field. We'll need to get a reinforcement to take her place.
Maybe Shazam. She's heavily involved with someone called Juggernaut at the moment."******
"Hrn. I have one more thing to check. Then I'll let Diana know on open channel."
"Sounds good. Be careful, friend."
KLIK!
The Batman settles in and brings his mind into sharp focus. He believes he now knows what Alice is keeping in the castle. And, if so, and he can reach it, then the next steps will mean life or death of Paprihaven.
He pushes aside the uneasiness of 'other Batmen'. There was no evidence any of them had breached or remained in Paprihaven.
⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⊰⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅∙∘☽༓☾∘∙•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅⋅•⋅⋅⊰⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅⋅•⋅
A year of the shows and performers of the Bijou Planks Theater.
Legends of Batman
Batmobile
1994, Kenner
Mafex
Batman v Superman
Batman
2016, Medicom Toy
* A journey begun back in episode 1583!
www.flickr.com/photos/paprihaven/50132187992/
** Discussed in detail last episode!
www.flickr.com/photos/paprihaven/53520187275/
*** The REM Ripple smacked them both silly in episode 1625!
www.flickr.com/photos/paprihaven/53496872258/
**** Hinted at in episode 1210! To be shown in full, action-packed glory when we get there!
www.flickr.com/photos/paprihaven/37511434634/
***** In fairness it was a Bat-fit as well! Seen in episode 1526!
www.flickr.com/photos/paprihaven/48407842352/
****** Last seen manhandling Green Lantern, Lina, and Space Ghost back in 1356! Don't worry! We're planning to get back to that!