View allAll Photos Tagged reasoning
The reasoning behind this image is to basically look at things in new ways. This was an image of a river with trees along the banks, and the water was reflecting the sky really well. When the image was flipped around 180 degrees, I noticed that the water looked like and could almost replace the sky (save for the few water ripples). This image was taken in the middle of the day and was composed based on the angle of the river. I wanted to be able to capture most of the river going back out of view, without losing the trees lining the banks. The water was moving slightly when this image was taken, so there are some ripples, but everything else appears motionless.
Her reasoning is that if the rules consider her to still be male, then she will swim as a male, in male swimming trunks and bare chest.
I wonder how long it will be until some someone complains about indecent exposure?
Part of the reasoning for coming to Istria was to hunt or at least sample truffle. The hotel couldn't organise a hunt for us but did show us a video about the hunting process. Given how much they make for finding a truffle, its a wonder that anyone would bother trying to take tourists along at all. As for the taste? Amy, who likes almost everything wasn't impressed.
Mrs. Flores' 5th grade class tried their hand at Breakout. Mrs. Payleitner, Media Specialist at Frederick created three sets of locked boxes that contained clues, puzzles, and mysteries that had to be solved in order to unlock the main box that housed the treasure. Teams had to work together to decipher codes, find clues, and use logic to unlock each aspect of the game. Clues were based on the book Holes by Louis Sachar. Team Blue was the first to open all of the locks and claim their treasure - a Frederick Feather.
Mrs. Flores' 5th grade class tried their hand at Breakout. Mrs. Payleitner, Media Specialist at Frederick created three sets of locked boxes that contained clues, puzzles, and mysteries that had to be solved in order to unlock the main box that housed the treasure. Teams had to work together to decipher codes, find clues, and use logic to unlock each aspect of the game. Clues were based on the book Holes by Louis Sachar. Team Blue was the first to open all of the locks and claim their treasure - a Frederick Feather.
Mrs. Flores' 5th grade class tried their hand at Breakout. Mrs. Payleitner, Media Specialist at Frederick created three sets of locked boxes that contained clues, puzzles, and mysteries that had to be solved in order to unlock the main box that housed the treasure. Teams had to work together to decipher codes, find clues, and use logic to unlock each aspect of the game. Clues were based on the book Holes by Louis Sachar. Team Blue was the first to open all of the locks and claim their treasure - a Frederick Feather.
Mrs. Flores' 5th grade class tried their hand at Breakout. Mrs. Payleitner, Media Specialist at Frederick created three sets of locked boxes that contained clues, puzzles, and mysteries that had to be solved in order to unlock the main box that housed the treasure. Teams had to work together to decipher codes, find clues, and use logic to unlock each aspect of the game. Clues were based on the book Holes by Louis Sachar. Team Blue was the first to open all of the locks and claim their treasure - a Frederick Feather.
Circular Reasoning: The Rise of Flat Earth Belief - Michael Marshall - Winchester Discovery Centre 2019-12-12
October 27, 2018 at Ceramics Program, Office for the Arts at Harvard
It was an honor to have Wilma Tosa, from Jemez Pueblo, New Mexico join us for a half day workshop. Wilma demonstrated her vessel forming techniques as well as her distinctive burnishing and etching techniques. Wilma Tosa, accompanied by her husband Aaron, first visited our studio in 2016 to demonstrate her coiling, burnishing, and carving techniques for students in the Harvard College course “Fundamentals of Archaeological Methods and Reasoning” taught by Matt Liebmann, John and Ruth Hazel Associate Professor of the Social Sciences, and Rowan K. Flad, John E. Hudson Professor of Archaeology. Wilma and Aaron are in Boston once again to work with this course at the Ceramics Program and provided this demonstration for our greater Boston clay community.
Artist Bio:
Wilma Baca, (New Wheat), was born to John and Linda Baca in Jemez Pueblo in September 1967. She was inspired to make pottery by her grandmother, Marie Reyes Shendo. Marie taught Wilma the fundamentals of making pottery the traditional way using ancient methods passed down from their ancestors.
Wilma specializes in hand coiled, stone polished and traditionally decorated Jemez pottery. She makes redware bowls, jars, seed pots, vases and wedding vases. She has been etching her pottery using the free-hand sgraffito technique since 1989. Her favorite piece to make is the wedding vase because of its meaning: "The spouts represent two separate lives, the bridge across the middle unites these separate lives as one," she says.
Christopher L. Barrett, Executive Director, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute/Professor of Computer Science, Virginia Tech. Dr. Barrett’s talk entitled “Massively Interactive Systems: Thinking and Deciding in the Age of Big Data"
Abstract: This talk discusses advanced computationally assisted reasoning about large interaction-dominated systems. Current questions in science, from the biochemical foundations of life to the scale of the world economy, involve details of huge numbers and levels of intricate interactions. Subtle indirect causal connections and vastly extended definitions of system boundaries dominate the immediate future of scientific research. Beyond sheer numbers of details and interactions, the systems are variously layered and structured in ways perhaps best described as networks. Interactions include, and often co-create, these morphological and dynamical features, which can interact in their own right. Such “massively interacting” systems are characterized by, among other things, large amounts of data and branching behaviors. Although the amount of associated data is large, the systems do not even begin to explore their entire phase spaces. Their study is characterized by advanced computational methods. Major methodological revisions seem to be indicated.
Heretofore unavailable and rapidly growing basic source data and increasingly powerful computing resources drive complex system science toward unprecedented detail and scale. There is no obvious reason for this direction in science to change. The cost of acquiring data has historically dominated scientific costs and shaped the research environment in terms of approaches and even questions. In the several years, as the costs of social data, biological data and physical data have plummeted on a per-unit basis and as the volume of data is growing exponentially, the cost drivers for scientific research have clearly shifted from data generation to storage and analytical computation-based methods. The research environment is rapidly being reshaped by this change and, in particular, the social and bio–sciences are revolutionized by it. Moreover, the study of socially– and biologically–coupled systems (e.g., societal infrastructures and infectious disease public health policy analysis) is in flux as computation-based methods begin to greatly expand the scope of traditional problems in revolutionary ways.
How does this situation serve to guide the development of “information portal technology” for complex system science and for decision support? An example of an approach to detailed computational analysis of social and behavioral interaction with physical and infrastructure effects in the immediate aftermath of a devastating disaster will be described in this context.
Unfortunately due to fiscal reasoning, public toilets are few and far between, with the unfortunate effect of those in desperate straits using these shelters with the resultant malodrousness
Normally ignore the Explore deal since I honestly don't know the reasoning behind the selection process. But oh well 21 is about the most i've ever had in the Explore pool at the same time.....it constantly changes but does allow for folks outside the normal contacts to see your stuff. I'm posting this only for a snapshot in time.
1. Commodore Light Show, 2. George Smile, 3. Promo, 4. Violin Head, 5. Emmylou Closeup, 6. Deal a Hand, 7. Red Flower, 8. Sunset,
9. Moon, 10. James Thomas & Karan, 11. Eh?, 12. Green On Red, 13. Commodore, 14. Auggie Crash, 15. Auggie Licks the D200, 16. Elisha,
17. Leisurely leaves, 18. Mickey Eye Closeup, 19. Baby Rock, 20. In Memoriam - Luna, 21. Giraffe and Pesky Friend
Created with fd's Flickr Toys.
After spending quite a bit of time showing us the extensive gardens in front and behind the house, Laurie took us inside.
Her reasoning for "easing" us into taking us inside, she said, was the mess: the house has a mother-in-law apartment upstairs and to one side, which, until now, Laurie and Carl had been using as their second home while they lived most of their time in their house in Seattle's Seward Park neighborhood. They had been renting out the rest of the house to their 35-year-old son, who we did not meet, as he did not seem to be home, and whose name I forget. In any case, Laurie has no hard date set yet but will be retiring soon, which is why they are swapping places with her son, as this house was bought specifically for them to retire in. Thus, the kitchen and living room area was packed with random stuff just everywhere, including all over the delightfully huge kitchen island counter. I didn't take any pictures of the messy areas; I think Laurie was slightly embarrassed about it, although she needn't have been.
I did like the spaciousness of it, though, as there was no wall separating the kitchen from the living room or dining room areas—it was like all one big room, the only dividing line between the kitchen and the rest of the space being the island.
Anyway. This was hanging from the chandelier, above the space between the kitchen and the living room, right inside the front door.
PROVISIONAL text. I have found great variation and contradiction in paper & online sources. Your comments would be appreciated.
In particular, last 3 lines about layer 3 are based on my examination of the disposition of the layers and on reasoning unsupported by any source that I can find. Please say if you see any flaws in my interpretation (also of layer 2).
The Alden reference at the end doesn’t appear especially authoritative, do you know of a better one that supports or disagrees with what he says about oceans?
A troubling thought is the glaze deposited on the body whorl to form the parietal lip of this and many other gastropods. It can only be deposited by the mantle skirt when the animal is not retracted. Is it another pre-2 layer that gets covered by layer 2 as it advances??
TEXT:
The following structure of layers is common to all Littorina species of Europe’s Atlantic coast. Other taxa vary.
Periostracum on outer surface is thin and indiscernible, or eroded away.
1: outer layer 1 is of calcite morph of calcium carbonate with irregular-prismatic structure. Whitish and rufous on this specimen. Deposited only by mantle-edge on aperture-margin in micro-growth bands corresponding to tidal cycles. Layer is thin on spire whorls formed when animal small, increasing in thickness on later whorls with growth of animal.
2: dark brown layer 2 is of aragonite morph of calcium carbonate with crossed-lamellar structure. Primary lamellae arranged perpendicular to aperture margin. Deposited by visceral mass over entire inner surface of layer 1, except for wide band within aperture rim where mantle skirt, not viscera, in contact with shell when animal extended, and uncovered when animal retracted. Layer 2 is fairly uniform in thickness throughout the shell.
3: white (or pale) layer 3 is of aragonite with crossed-lamellar structure. Thickest in older, early whorls, acting as spire-filler; compensates there for thinness of calcite layer 1.
Layer 3 dwindles to imperceptible in larger whorls. It, like layer 2, is deposited by surface of viscera. Because of its disposition, it seems that layer 3 is deposited by the posterior of the visceral mass, moving over layer 2 (that was deposited by the anterior viscera) as the animal grows.
4: columella made of brown layer 2 thickly coated with white translucent layer 3.
Properties of aragonite and calcite.
Shell layers are of calcium carbonate in a fenestrated matrix of proteinaceous conchiolin which affects their properties. Data are averages for the pure minerals.
Hardness on Moh scale: aragonite, 3.5 – 4, harder than calcite, 3.
Specific gravity: aragonite, 2.95, denser than calcite, 2.71.
Solubility: both have retrograde solubility i.e. more soluble in cold sea water than in warm sea water. Calcite is 35% less soluble than aragonite.
Comment
As aragonite is denser and harder, it should resist crushing by predators and accident better than calcite. Over geological time the oceans have fluctuated between aragonite and calcite rich water, each favouring species that use what is most easily available. For the last 40 million years the oceans have been aragonite rich ( Alden, 2014). For these reasons one might expect aragonite to be the commoner mineral morph in seashells. However, D. Reid (1996) states,
“In most gastropod shells calcium carbonate is present in the mineral polymorph aragonite, whereas calcite is of much more restricted occurrence (Bøggild, 1930). In two species of Littorina [sub-tropical] - - - the shell is entirely aragonitic, whereas in all remaining species there is an outer layer of calcite. - - - Taylor and Reid (1990) pointed out that, in the Littorinidae as a whole [includes other genera], groups with calcitic shells are found only in temperate and higher latitudes. They suggested that intertidal animals are particularly exposed to the danger of shell dissolution, because of accumulation of carbon dioxide during the night in inshore seawater. Dissolution of calcium carbonate is most likely to occur in cold water, in which it is more soluble. Since calcite is less soluble than aragonite, they argued that shells with an outer calcite layer should be more resistant to dissolution.”
Alden, A. Calcite v aragonite
geology.about.com/od/minerals/fl/calcite-vs-aragonite.htm
No full account yet of this species. Sets of OTHER SPECIES at:
www.flickr.com/photos/56388191@N08/collections/7215763361...
reasoning // The reason why I took this shot was because I went camping last weekend and felt like the nature of the forest would make for very dramatic lighting shots.
process // To take these shot I positioned my model at a fair distance away from the camera and fully zoomed using my 18-55mm lens. To add a mysterious vibe, I added a branch and leafs very near the lens and had it out of focus.
editing // I simply made the image black and white and increased the contrast.
180ppi
1800 x 1200 pixels
Trinity Live a " Prog Rock " Charity Event for Cancer Research.
Photographs by Russ Powney for Midlands
Rocks
© 2014 Russ Powney
University of Chicago Professor John Mearsheimer on The Duran on the Israelis' effort of ethnic cleansing in Gaza, dragging down its strongest ally, the United States down with it. Mearsheimer argues that Israel is a strategic liability for the U.S. He said some people claim they support Israel unconditionally from a moral reason. But if one looks at what's happening in Gaza today, that reasoning doesn't make sense.
mearsheimer.substack.com/p/death-and-destruction-in-gaza
Death and Destruction in Gaza
JOHN J. MEARSHEIMER
DEC 11, 2023
I do not believe that anything I say about what is happening in Gaza will affect Israeli or American policy in that conflict. But I want to be on record so that when historians look back on this moral calamity, they will see that some Americans were on the right side of history.
What Israel is doing in Gaza to the Palestinian civilian population – with the support of the Biden administration – is a crime against humanity that serves no meaningful military purpose. As J-Street, an important organization in the Israel lobby, puts it, “The scope of the unfolding humanitarian disaster and civilian casualties is nearly unfathomable."
www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/12/20/are-houthi-red-sea-atta...
Are Houthi Red Sea attacks hurting Israel and disrupting global trade?
The Houthis attack ships in one of the busiest maritime routes as they demand Israel to end its brutal war in Gaza.
Some of the largest shipping companies in the world have been forced to reroute their vessels at considerable costs after Yemen’s Houthi group targeted ships headed towards Israeli ports in solidarity with Palestinians.
The Iran-aligned group has demanded that Israel allow humanitarian aid to enter Gaza, which has been reeling from more than two months of Israeli siege and bombardment. The Yemeni group has also called on Israel to end its brutal war on Gaza that has killed over 19,000 Palestinians.
The United States on Tuesday announced the formation of a 10-nation coalition to deter the attacks that threaten to disrupt trade passing through one of the busiest maritime routes in the world.
Let’s take a look at who the Houthis are, just how much they are disrupting global trade, and what they can hope to achieve from it.
Who are the Houthis?
The Houthis rebelled against Yemen’s internationally recognised government in 2014, starting fighting that led to a civil war that caused a devastating humanitarian crisis in the impoverished Arab nation.
For years, with backing from Iran, they fought a military coalition led by neighbouring Saudi Arabia that also included Western and regional allies. However, the Yemeni conflict became a stalemate, with Saudi Arabia deciding to begin peace talks with the group after years of war.
Also known as Ansar Allah, they now remain in control of most parts of Yemen, including the capital Sanaa and some of the western and northern parts close to Saudi Arabia.
They command a considerable military arsenal, which includes a variety of drones and missiles – including ballistic antiship missiles that they have for the first time ever successfully used against vessels in the Red Sea.
Earlier this year, Saudi Arabia agreed with Tehran, a close Houthi ally, to restore formal diplomatic ties after a seven-year rift.
With the Yemeni talks and Iran rapprochement hanging in the balance, the kingdom has not joined the US-led military alliance. Other Arab heavyweights like the United Arab Emirates and Egypt have not joined either.
Who are they attacking?
The Houthis first launched missiles and drones at southern Israel in October, but they either did not reach their far-away targets – some 2,000km (1,240 miles) away – or were intercepted by Israel and its allies.
But as Tel Aviv kept refusing international calls for a ceasefire, they significantly ramped up their strikes, leveraging their position near the Red Sea, and especially close to the narrow Bab al-Mandeb Strait that connects the Gulf of Aden to the southern part of the sea.
They have seized and kept in their ports a commercial vessel, they have attacked several more trade ships carrying everything from vehicles to foodstuffs, and the Pentagon claims some of their projectiles were travelling in the direction of US warships before being shot down.
The Houthis have said ships with no links with Israel will have nothing to worry about, and they will only target vessels owned by Israel or taking goods to and from Israel. But tracking ownership of ships can be difficult, and some targeted companies have denied having ties with Israel.
How seriously are they disrupting trade?
The Bab al-Mandeb is where 12 percent of the total global seaborne trade of oil, as well as 8 percent of liquified natural gas, passed through in the first half of 2023, according to the US Energy Information Administration. That is 8.8 million barrels per day of oil and 4.1 billion cubic feet per day of LNG.
More than 17,000 ships pass through it each year, some heading to the Suez Canal that takes them to the Mediterranean and acts as the link between Asia and the West.
Denmark’s AP Moller-Maersk, which accounts for 15 percent of the global container freight market, has been among several of the largest global names in the shipping industry to opt out of taking the route. Together with Germany’s Hapag-Lloyd, which has also pulled out, they account for almost a quarter of the market.
Container rates for shipments from North Asia to the United Kingdom, which go through the Red Sea and Suez Canal, have hit record highs this year, according to assessments by S&P Global Platts. Underwriters are charging more to insure ships planning to take the route as well.
Some shipping companies are choosing the only other maritime alternative – to take a much longer route around Africa. But that can mean increased costs, and it can add up to two weeks to their journey.
The complications for shipping companies come amid another unfortunate incident for them as the vital Panama Canal has also faced a sharp decrease in the traffic it can handle due to drought.
Who could get affected the worst?
Israel, the first direct intended target of the Houthis, has already felt an impact from the disrupted maritime trade.
Traffic through its southern port of Eilat, located in the city which is also a tourist destination, has come to a halt, and the foreseeable future seems uncertain as the war rages.
Egypt, which was already facing an ailing economy before the war, could suffer heavily from the slowed trade, in addition to decreased transit fees for cargo going through the Suez Canal, something it is highly dependent on.
Europe and states in the Mediterranean are poised to suffer the most losses if the current situation persists in the long term, as many of the ships taking cargo to and from those countries have been affected.
What do the Houthis stand to gain?
The Houthis have steadily consolidated their power within Yemen over the years.
It was inevitable for them to wish to secure recognition from the international community as the legitimate government in Yemen as well, according to Thomas Juneau, an assistant professor at the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Ottawa.
“They will not obtain that for the foreseeable future, but at the very least they want to force the international community to deal with them as the de facto governing authority in the country,” he told Al Jazeera.
“In the context of the Gaza war, they want to demonstrate that they are a key member of the Iran-led ‘axis of resistance’ by showing their support for Hamas. As such, I expect their efforts to disrupt maritime traffic in the Red Sea to continue.”
For their part, the Houthis have promised that the US-led task force will not deter them and they are capable of turning the Red Sea into a “graveyard”.