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The Stiperstones is a distinctive hill in the county of Shropshire, England. It is a quartzite ridge formed some 480 million years ago. During the last Ice Age the summit stood out above the glaciers and was subject to constant freezing and thawing which shattered the quartzite into a mass of jumbled scree surrounding several residual rocky tors. At 536 metres (1,759 ft) above sea level it is the second-highest hill in the county, surpassed only by Brown Clee Hill (540 metres (1,772 ft)). Stiperstones' 8-kilometre (5 mi) summit ridge is crowned by several rugged, jagged outcrops of rock silhouetted against the sky.

The pandanus-ringed pool is at the bottom of a small, quartzite cliff.

 

For my video; youtu.be/p72AS6buL6A

Wyndham-East Kimberley, State of Western Australia, Australia

This enormous 16,500 tonne quartzite block was deposited here at least 12,000 years ago.

Wicklows iconic "mountain" the Great Sugarloaf taken from the south side. This hill is 501 metres above sea level and can be seen dominating Dublin Bay on the south side. It is composed of pre-Cambrian quartzite and is a favourite place for hill walking enthusiasts!

This lone ghost gum, perched majestically atop a red quartzite cliff, is much larger than most of the trees growing on the rocky slopes of the Gorge. The reason is that, amazingly, its roots have forced their way down through cracks in the rock to the waterhole 70 metres below. The tree is reached at the end of a 20 minute hike from the car park. A nearby lookout platform provides a spectacular view of the Gorge and the creek below. From here you can continue down into the Gorge and, with some rock-hopping and wading, follow the creek back to the Ormiston Waterhole and the car park. The round trip is about 2km and takes about 1.5 hours

 

© Irwin Reynolds, all rights reserved. If you are interested in using one of my images or would like a high quality fine art print, please send an email to irwinreynolds@me.com.

  

NESTLED AT THE FOOT OF MT. ERRIGAL (THE HIGHTEST MOUNTAIN IN COUNTY DONEGAL) AND OVERLOOKING THE BEAUTIFUL POISONED GLEN SITS THE BEAUTIFUL 'OLD CHURCH OF DUNLEWEY'.

 

JANE SMITH RUSSELL HAD THE CHURCH BUILT AS A MEMORIAL TO HER HUSBAND, JAMES RUSSELL, THE LANDLORD OF THE DUNLEWEY ESTATE, WHO DIED ON 2ND SEPTEMBER 1848. JAMES RUSSELL WAS LAID TO REST IN A VAULT UNDER THE CHURCH FLOOR. THE CHURCH WAS CONSECRATED ON 1ST SEPTEMBER 1853 AS A CHAPEL OF EASE TO TUL-LAGHABEGLEY. TULLAGHABEGLEY WAS THE PARISH CONSISTING OF THE PRESENT DAY GWEEDORE AND CLOUGHANEELY PARISHES.

 

THE CHURCH IS BUILT OF WHITE MARBLE AND BLUE QUARTZITE WHICH WAS QUARRIED LOCALLY. THE SUPPLY OF MARBLE IN THE NEARBY QUARRY HAS NOW BEEN DEPLETED. THE RED BRICK IN THE ARCHES OF THE WINDOWS WAS PRODUCED LOCALLY.

 

THIS IS THE GLEN AT THE HEAD OF DUNLEWEY LOCH. THERE ARE MANY THEORIES ABOUT ITS STRANGE NAME IN ENGLISH (POISON GLEN) BUT IT IS MOST LIKELY A MIS-TRANSLATION FROM IRISH.

 

35RC Fomapan 200 Rodinal

Stiperstones, Shropshire

Pipestone National Monument is located in far southwestern Minnesota. To the Dakota Sioux and other indigenous people, Pipestone is a sacred place. I suppose that is not surprising since those carved stone pipes play a central role in prayers and sacred ceremonies. The stone here is quartzite overburden which sandwiches the blood red “pipestone” below. www.nps.gov/pipe/faqs.htm#:~:text=Geologically%2C%20pipes....

Looking from the quartzite capped highest point of Quinag (Sail Gharbh) over to Glas Bheinn, Conival and Ben More Assynt.

Scenic highlight from Antelope Island State Park, northern Utah. The quartzite rock formations shown were deposited some 550 million years ago in a shallow marine environment.

The Stiperstones is a hill ridge of quartzite rock in Shropshire, England.

Panorama looking West to North from Quartzite Peak on the Clark Range over all of central Yosemite, including Mt Starr King, Half Dome, Clouds Rest, Cathedral Peak, the Cathedral Range, and Mt Dana. California, Sierra Nevada Mountains,Yosemite, Quartzite Peak. Off the John Muir Trail near Mile 000.

View of the ridge from the visitor's center at the golden hour. Part of Eldorado Canyon State Park.

A piece of pure Michigan wilderness on the Slate river in Baraga County.This area makes you look over your shoulder just in case a hungry Cougar is looking for some fresh photographer! Or his Wife!

 

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© Copyright 2013 John McCormick , All Rights Reserved

The common name of the ghost gum derives from the fact that its trunk and branches are covered with a white powder that gives it a ghostly appearance in the moonlight. It grows on rocky ridges, dry creek beds and red sand flats in Australia’s Red Centre. Remarkably, as seen here, it can gain a foothold and flourish in the unlikeliest of places, such as the steep and apparently barren quartzite rock face of the Gorge.

 

© Irwin Reynolds, all rights reserved. If you are interested in using one of my images or would like a high quality fine art print, please send an email to irwinreynolds@me.com.

 

Quartzite Falls in Michigan's Upper Peninsula.

 

Large Format 4x5.

 

Toyo 45AII

Schneider Symmar 135mm

1s at f32

Ilford Delta 100

Developed in Kodak D76 1:1 using the SP-445.

The quartzite summit of Killington Peak socked into the clouds at sunset - Long Trail/Appalachian Trail, Killington, Vermont

 

Tintic Quartzite with a thriving colony of lichen.

40x40"

Original acrylic painting

Available DM to inquire

In the heart of Blue Mounds State Park, amidst the tumultuous clash of storm and sunlight, a monochrome masterpiece unfolds. A quartzite cliff, frozen in time, looms like a colossal wave poised to crash upon the trembling trees below. The sky above is a canvas of chaos and calm, with sunlight piercing through brooding clouds, casting an ethereal glow upon the scene. This photograph captures a moment of primal power and eerie beauty, where nature's fury meets its serenity in a dance of light and shadow. In the twisted contours of the rock, there is a sense of impending chaos, a reminder of the untamed forces that shape our world. It's a snapshot of madness and majesty, a testament to the raw, unyielding power of the natural world.

The Underwter site of Qaitbay.

The Open Air Museum.

 

On Each side of this obelisk of Seti I can be read the three first names of the royal titulary.

 

Reemployed under Ramses II and then removed to Alexandria. It was the object of restorations as can be seen by the numerous fixing slots in bears. The pyramidion was mounted upon a cavity that is full filled with lead.

 

After being dismantled its base was cut up. Two other fragments still under water could be added to this ensemble.

 

Reconstituted height: 800cm approx.

Weight of 4 pieces: 12 tonnes approx.

Material: yellow quartzite

This column of quartzite sports the same or similar color as the sacred argillite below. Pipestone (argillite) is one of the softest of all stone while quartzite is one of the hardest. Many sacred ceremonial pipes (“peace pipes”) have been carved from the soft blood red stone found only in this location within the southwestern corner of Minnesota. There are many hereditary family quarries that are still operated today. At the visitor center of Pipestone National Monument the artists in residence are descendants of ancient stone carvers. www.nps.gov/pipe/faqs.htm#:~:text=Geologically%2C%20pipes....

Photo of an active quarry from my 2016 visit to Pipestone NM. We met the quarrier later after he had enjoyed his lunch.

 

The quarriers go through the very hard Sioux quartzite, visible on the face and in the foreground rubble, to reach the soft pipestone. He has a few pieces of pipestone in the back of this image.

Camera: Zeiss Ikon Super Ikonta III (531/16)

Lens: Carl Zeiss Tessar f/3.5 75 mm

Film: Ilford HP5 Plus 400, rated @ ISO 1600

Exposure: 1/250 sec and f/11, hand-held

Film developed and scanned by Foto Brell, Bonn

Edited under Adobe Lightroom

Possibly quartzite squeezed through a fissure in sandstone? Sure wish I knew a lot about, like, rocks 'n' stuff.

 

2017-03-30_11.03.05_NV-ValleyOfFireSP-FireWave

Quartzite Point at May Lake. The lake fills a small glacial valley where it formed behind a natural dam of glacial till. The valley was carved along a band of older, highly jointed metasediments sandwiched between two granitic intrusions of Cretaceous age. The Paleozoic metasediments include this unit of clean white quartzite exposed at an outcrop along the south shore of the lake. Yosemite National Park. Mariposa Co., Calif.

The quartzite scree can be seen from miles away.

A 50 ft high quartzite rock off the Scottish coast near Portknockie, Moray.

Taken with the RETO Ultra Wide and Slim camera

Harman Phoenix 200 film

Box Canyon is a narrow gorge carved into the Uncompahgre Quartzite by a mostly hidden 85-ft waterfall. The Proterozoic formation, about 1.7 billion years old, is the basement rock in this part of the San Juan Mountains. Ouray, Ouray Co., Colorado.

Layers of compressed sediments are present in the Sioux Quartzite outcrops at the Pipestone National Monument. A stunning site filled with natural and cultural history.

An ancient quartzite mountain in the heart of Sutherland, Northwest Scotland reflected in the still waters of Loch Tarbhaidh in mid winter.

 

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seated figure, Quartzite

Middle Kingdom

12th dynasty

1872-1853 BC

 

Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung

Neues Museum

Berlin

 

IMG_6448

Okay, so this might just be the last photo that I ever share of my ex-farm in the Little Karoo (although it might not be).

 

I captured this one on Tuesday evening, in the company of a few close friends, who seem to be more passionate about landscape photography than I am at the moment.

 

It felt amazing to be out walking (uphill) again, out searching for interesting compositions.

 

Have a lekker weekend everyone! :)

A few weeks before this planned trip from Norfolk, Nebraska to Sioux Falls, South Dakota, I made a point to select a route along the Big Sioux River and follow the D&I from Akron to Canton via Hawarden. I previously did not have any shots of the D&I and Hawarden was looking like a place where something might be in position for a photo. Sure enough, a classy and clean DAIR 2505 was posed by some quartzite rip rap begging for a photo. This thrilled me to grab a sunny roster by the regionally famous stone.

 

One thing about finding classic power is the history of each unit. DAIR 2505 was originally owned by the Northern Pacific as NP 301 and became Burlington Northern 1739. At some point during its time on the BN roster it received a nose reduction from high hood to chopped hood.

The Pinnacle Rock is a massive quartzite rock that erupts from the earth’s surface and reaches some 30 meters in height. It is a freestanding rock that towers over the dense indigenous forest of Driekop Gorge in a dramatic display of nature’s quirks and the unique splendor of South Africa. It is littered with stunning, brightly-colored aloes that not only add to the appeal among the local birds and insect species, but also make for extra beautiful photographs of the rock and its surrounds.

Mostly I came to photograph the colored rocks but I couldn’t pass up this tree following the rock contours. Pipestone National Monument, Pipestone , Minnesota, USA. The Sioux and a number of other tribes consider both the sometimes blood red stone and this place sacred. The name pipestone refers to the sacred pipe that indigenous people carved from this soft stone.

Picturesque spring vista on ancient quartzite rock formations atop the Lady Finger Point Trail, in Antelope Island State Park..northern Utah.

 

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The head of a king wearing a headdress with the uraeus in the middle of the forehead. The eyes are carved, whereas the nose is broken, and the neck is missing. The mouth has a faint smile. There is a fracture along the left side of the headdress.

Quartzite

Third Intermediate Period, 25th dynasty

Provenance: Lower Egypt, Alexandria, Abukir, Canopus

BAAM 0846

 

Submerged Antiquities

Bibliotheca Alexandrina

The Stiperstones is a hill ridge of quartzite rock in Shropshire, England.

www.chesilbeach.org/

  

www.chesilbeach.org/Chesil/

  

Chesil Beach is 18 miles (28 kilometres) long and, on average, 160 metres wide and rises to 12 metres in height. It is a pebble and shingle tombolo connecting Portland to Abbotsbury and then continuing north-westwards to West Bay near Bridport. It is the largest tombolo in the UK.

The pebbles are graded in size from fist-sized near Portland to pea-sized at Bridport. The pebbles are mainly a mix of flint and chert, with some quartzite pebbles from Buddleigh Salterton.

The origin of the beach continues to be argued over with some proposing it is actually two beaches. The stretch from West Bay to Abbotsbury appears to have different characteristics to the stretch from Abbotsbury to Portland.

Chesil Beach shelters Weymouth from the prevailing wind and waves and prevents the area being eroded by wave action. Evidence suggests that the beach is no longer being replenished by natural means.

The beach forms part of the Dorset and East Devon World Heritage Site, known as the Jurassic Coast.

   

Chesil Bank

It is above all an elemental place, made of sea, shingle and sky, its dominant sound always that of waves on moving stone: from the great surf and pounding “grounds of seas” of sou’westers, to the delicate laps and back-gurgling of the rare dead calm….

John Fowles

   

www.chesilbeach.org/Chesil/description.html

  

Chesil Beach is a linear shingle storm beach stretching from Portland in the south to West Bay in the north-west. At its widest it is up to 200 metres in width. The height of the beach is typically 11 metres above mean sea level.

The seaward face of the beach is steeply shelving and this continues below the sea level until it gradually levels off at around 18 metres below sea level some 300 metres offshore in the southern part of the beach. Further north the offshore depth is around 11 metres.

There is a clear southern limit to the beach where it meets the limestone of Portland, but the northern limit is less distinct and depends on the definition used. Various limits have been proposed from Abbotsbury to West Bay. Geologically there is some merit in these arguments, but for practical purposes the limit is taken as the pier at West Bay. The pier is an effective barrier to longshore drift into or away from Chesil Beach.

The beach stabilised close to its present position some 5000 years ago. Since then it has been advancing slowly towards the mainland. Current estimates suggest that at the southern end this rate of advance is around 15 cms per year, with a slower rate further north. This advance occurs under storm conditions and is caused either by over-topping waves or by cann action where the water comes through the beach pushing quantities of pebbles out into the Fleet. This advancement is slowly causing increasing isolation of the various segments of the beach between Abbotsbury and West Bay.

Under storm conditions large quantities of pebbles can be removed from the beach onto the seabed. For severe storms the quantities can exceed 3 Million tonnes. Subsequent wave action then replaces these pebbles on the front of the beach.

There appears to be two types of storm conditions that affect Chesil Beach. The majority of storms are deep depressions approaching from the south-west where the combination of strong winds and low barometric pressure can produce storm surges in the English Channel combined with high local waves. A rarer type, but potentially more dramatic in impact, occurs when large storms out in the Atlantic generate huge, long-period swell waves that travel up the Channel and impact the Beach. Such waves can have a period of up to 20 seconds, compared with the 5-10 second period of local storm waves. Two such events are known to have occurred in 1904 and 1979.

  

www.chesilbeach.org/Chesil/formation.html

  

The formation of Chesil Beach has been much discussed over the years and is still the subject of continuing debate. Continuing research yields further insights into the origin of the material that forms the beach and how it was transported to its current location. This page presents a summary of one current view suggested by Malcolm Bray of Portsmouth University, a member of the Fleet Study Group. A more detailed document can be downloded here.

Chesil Beach initially formed from predominantly sandy deposits in Lyme Bay as water levels rose rapidly at the end of the last ice age 20,000-14,000 years ago. These deposits were eroded and the sand and gravel driven onshore as a barrier beach. As the barrier beach was driven further east by rising sea levels it overrode existing sediments and the Fleet was formed starting about 7000 years ago. The formation of the Fleet was virtually complete by 5000 years ago.

Sea levels stabilised 4000-5000 years ago and at that time Chesil Beach stood close to its present position. It was predominantly sandy with layers of shell and coarser material indicating over-washing by the sea.

At this time relict cliffs in East Devon, left stranded by falling sea levels during the ice age, were re-activated and the combination of re-working of extensive debris aprons and erosion of existing cliffs yielded large quantities of gravel. Estimates suggest that as much as 60 million cubic metres of gravel could have been supplied. This material was transported to Chesil Beach by longshore drift via a series of pocket beaches.

Coastal recession and human intervention have now depleted the beaches to the west of West Bay, resulting in increased prominence of the headlands. This has cut off the supply of material to Chesil Beach

Chesil Beach must now be regarded as a closed shingle system with no replenishment from outside sources. It is therefore sensitive to environmental changes such as rising sea levels. Ian West has suggested that Chesil Beach at Portland is moving eastward at around 15cm per year, with a much slower rate further north towards Abbotsbury.

  

www.chesilbeach.org/Chesil/pebbles.html

 

Chesil Beach is made up almost entirely of pebbles of various rock types. The only exception is in the north-west section of the beach from West Bexington to West Bay where there is some fine gravel and coarse sand overlaying the lower levels of the beach near the tide line. The pebbles are graded in size from fist-sized near Portland to pea-sized at West Bay.

The types of pebble that can be found are:

  

Flint

Flint originates from the chalk beds. They include the slightly brownish pebbles, most of the medium grey pebbles and also the less well- rounded pebbles. They are extremely hard, harder than most steels.

Chert

The chert pebbles are also extremely hard and originate from the upper greensand beds. They are often fairly clear and translucent with a pink or bluish tinge.

Quartzite

Quartzite pebbles originate from around Buddleigh Salterton and are discoidal pebbles coloured red, purple "liver-coloured", or white.

Granite

Granite is occasionally found on Chesil Beach. It can be identified by the coarse grain size, the pink or white feldspar, the quartz of glassy grey appearance, and the black mafic minerals, normally mica and/or hornblende. These pebbles probably originated from further west on the south-west peninsula or may have come from the ballast of ships wrecked on the beach..

Porphyry

These pebbles most probably come from the Permian breccia in Dawlish, Devon. They are similar to granite in appearance, but the crystal structure is rather different. They are comparatively rare on Chesil Beach.

Tourmalised rock

Pebbles of hard black, finely granular material are common. Somewhat irregular pebble of vein quartz, stained yellowish, and tourmalinised slate, all sheared and partially brecciated. The pebbles are usually irregular in shape as the tourmaline is quite brittle.

Breccia

A breccia is a rock of angular fragments. Only breccias that have been cemented strongly in hard silica can survive on Chesil Beach.

Portland stone

At Chiswell there are some limestone pebbles originating from the local Portland and Purbeck stone formations.

Kimmeridge oil shale

There is evidence that there was once an outcrop of oil shale on the back of Chesil Beach near Victoria Square on Portland. Pieces of shale can still be found on the beach and probably come from an outcrop under the sea off Chiswell.

Fossils

These are mostly found around Burton Bradstock and originate from the local cliffs.

Magnetite

This is believed to originate from the cargos of ships wrecked on Chesil Beach. The major concentration is near Abbotsbury and is believed to come from the SS Dorothea.

Peat

Pieces of peat can be found on Chesil Beach, particularly after storms. It comes from outcrops below the low tide level. It is mostly found at Chiswell and in an area around the tank defences at Abbotsbury

Pumice stone

Pieces of pumice stone are sometimes found washed up on the beach. Pumice is lava foam from volcanoes and contains sufficient air pockets to float. The stones on Chesil almost certainly came from volcanoes in the Caribbean Sea or central America. The colour varies from dark grey to almost white. They can be recognised by the large number of air pockets and that they are very light.

Others

Also found on Chesil Beach are Jasper, Agate, and Madrepores, but these are all very rare.

 

Further information

For a more detailed discussion of the pebbles that make up Chesil Beach visit Ian West's excellent website at Southampton University.

  

www.chesilbeach.org/Chesil/speclst.html

  

Chesil Beach is a major shingle beach and provides a maritime shingle environment. The seaward side of the beach is highly mobile under storm conditions and cannot support any plant communities. The eastern side of the beach is much more stable enabling plant communities to get established. In some areas the beach is sufficiently stable for a turf to form, particularly at Ferrybridge.

Apart from plants, the beach supports a rich variety of lichens and a few mosses. There are very few shrubs and no trees growing on the beach.

There is sufficient food from the plants and other sources to support a few mammals and the beach is used by a number of bird species for nesting.

The lists below show species that actually live, hunt, and/or nest on the beach. Transient species such as migrant birds are not included. Click on the groups below to see the species lists.

www.chesilbeach.org/chesil/specbirds.html

 

Skylark, Meadow Pipit, Ringed Plover, Linnet, Oystercatcher, Reed Bunting, Pied Wagtail, Common Tern, Little Tern,

  

www.chesilbeach.org/Chesil/specmamms.html

 

Fox, Hare, Roe Deer, Hare, Hedgehog, Long-tailed Field Mouse, Short-tailed Vole, Grey Squirrel,

  

www.chesilbeach.org/chesil/specplants.html

  

Common nameSpeciesW

Sea couchAgropyron pungens

 

Silvery hair grassAira caryophylla

 

Early hair grassAira praecox

 

Scarlet pimpernelAnagallis arvensis

 

Kidney vetchAnthyllis vulneraria

 

ThriftAmeria maritima

 

Thyme-leaved sandwortArenaria serpyllifolia

 

Tall oat-grassArrhenatherum elatius

 

Sea beetBeta vulgaris

 

Darnel's grassCatapodium marinum

 

Common centauryCentaurium erythraea

 

Red valerianCentranthus ruber

 

Common mouse-earCerastium fontanum

 

Sea mouse-earCerastium diffusum

 

Creeping thistleCirsium arvense

 

Danish scurvygrassCochlearia danica

 

Sea kaleCrambe maritima

 

SamphireCrithmum maritimum

 

CocksfootDactylus glomerata

 

Sea spurgeEuphorbia paralias

 

Portland spurgeEuphorbia portlandica

 

Red fescueFestuca ruba

 

Lady's bedstrawGalium verum

 

Herb robertgeranium robertianum

 

Yellow horned poppyGlaucium flavum

 

Sea-purslaneHalimione portulacoides

 

Common velvet grassHolcus lanatus

 

Tree mallowLavatera arborea

 

Sea peaLathyrus japonicus

 

Bird's foot trefoilLotus corniculatus

 

Common mallowMalva sylvestris

 

RestharrowOnonis repens

 

Lesser broomrapeOrobanche minor var minor

 

Buck's-horn plantainPlantago coronopus

 

Ribwort plantainPlantago lanceolata

 

BlackthornPrunus spinosa

 

BlackberryRubus fruticosa agg.

 

Curled dockRumex crispus

 

Procumbent pearlwortSagina procumbens

 

Biting stonecropSedum acre

 

Sea campionSilene maritima

 

Woody nightshadeSolanum dulcamera

 

Black nightshadeSolanum nigrum

 

Perennial sow-thistleSonchus arvensis

 

Shrubby sea blightSuaeda fruticosa

 

Annual sea blightSuaeda maritima

 

DandelionTaraxacum officinale

 

Breckland thymeThymus serpyllum

 

Haresfoot cloverTrifolium arvense

 

Lesser trefoilTrifolium dubium

 

Rough cloverTrifolium scabrum

 

Sea mayweedTripleurospermum maritimum

  

The information presented here has been derived from the following sources:

Colombe,S.V., Diaz,A. Plant communities of Chesil Beach. Lyme Bay Environmental Study Vol12. Kerr-McGee Oil(UK) plc, 1995.

Fitzpatrick,J.M. Terrestial plant communities of the Chesil Beach and the shores of the Fleet. In: The Fleet and Chesil Beach Ladle, M. (Ed). Fleet Study Group, 1981.

Eden,S.M. Flowering plants of the shores of the Fleet. In: The Fleet Lagoon and Chesil Beach. Carr,A.P., Seaward,D.R., and Sterling,P.H. (Eds).2000.

and personal observation by Fleet volunteers.

  

Hi Jolly was an interesting figure in history and is buried under this awesome monument in Quartzite, Arizona. Notice the band of petrified wood just below the plaque.

 

Be sure to read all about Hi Jolly, linked to a photo below.

Berlin, Neues Museum, August 2014.

 

ÄM 15700. Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty (c. 1850 BCE). From Siut. Brown quartzite. H. 77 cm.

This rock made a long journey getting here. It is metamorphic rock that was sandstone when it was subjected to intense heat and pressure, turning it into quartzite. Part of the ancient Nevada Orogeny, a predocessor mountain range (that resembled the Andes of today) to the modern Sierra Nevada (of California USA).

Quartzite falls in Baraga County Upper Michigan from a lower angle. I’m not sure which image I like better, but both were my personal favorites of my last UP waterfall tour.

For information on this waterfall and photos of cascades from 17 different states, please visit www.escapingtoparadise.com

 

The quartzite butte, over 400 million years old, rises 3612' above the Columbia River lava flows, only 7-15 million years old. Steptoe Butte was named for Lt Col Edward Steptoe, whose lightly armed troop of 164 US Army soldiers was defeated in an attack of 1000 native Americans in the Battle of Tohotonimme in 1858. Any hill or mountain that projects like an island above a surrounding lava field is called a steptoe, after Steptoe Butte.

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