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NELSON MANDELA
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/mænˈdɛlə/;[5] Xhosa pronunciation: [xoˈliːɬaɬa manˈdeːla]; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was South Africa's first black chief executive, and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalised racism, poverty and inequality, and fostering racial reconciliation. Politically an African nationalist and democratic socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1991 to 1997. Internationally, Mandela was Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999.
A Xhosa born to the Thembu royal family, Mandela attended the Fort Hare University and the University of Witwatersrand, where he studied law. Living in Johannesburg, he became involved in anti-colonial politics, joining the ANC and becoming a founding member of its Youth League. After the Afrikaner minority government of the National Party established apartheid in 1948, he rose to prominence in the ANC's 1952 Defiance Campaign, was appointed superintendent of the organisation's Transvaal chapter and presided over the 1955 Congress of the People. Working as a lawyer, he was repeatedly arrested for seditious activities and, with the ANC leadership, was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961. Influenced by Marxism, he secretly joined the South African Communist Party (SACP) and sat on its Central Committee. Although initially committed to non-violent protest, in association with the SACP he co-founded the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) in 1961, leading a sabotage campaign against the apartheid government. In 1962, he was arrested, convicted of conspiracy to overthrow the state, and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial.
Mandela served 27 years in prison, initially on Robben Island, and later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison. An international campaign lobbied for his release, which was granted in 1990 amid escalating civil strife. Mandela joined negotiations with Nationalist President F. W. de Klerk to abolish apartheid and establish multiracial elections in 1994, in which he led the ANC to victory and became South Africa's first black president. He published his autobiography in 1995. During his tenure in the Government of National Unity he invited other political parties to join the cabinet, and promulgated a new constitution. He also created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses. While continuing the former government's liberal economic policy, his administration also introduced measures to encourage land reform, combat poverty, and expand healthcare services. Internationally, he acted as mediator between Libya and the United Kingdom in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial, and oversaw military intervention in Lesotho. He declined to run for a second term, and was succeeded by his deputy, Thabo Mbeki. Mandela became an elder statesman, focusing on charitable work in combating poverty and HIV/AIDS through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.
Mandela was a controversial figure for much of his life. Denounced as a communist terrorist by critics,[6][7] he nevertheless gained international acclaim for his activism, having received more than 250 honours, including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize, the US Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Soviet Order of Lenin. He is held in deep respect within South Africa, where he is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name, Madiba, or as Tata ("Father"); he is often described as the "Father of the Nation".
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/mænˈdɛlə/;[5] Xhosa pronunciation: [xoˈliːɬaɬa manˈdeːla]; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was South Africa's first black chief executive, and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalised racism, poverty and inequality, and fostering racial reconciliation. Politically an African nationalist and democratic socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1991 to 1997. Internationally, Mandela was Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999.
A Xhosa born to the Thembu royal family, Mandela attended the Fort Hare University and the University of Witwatersrand, where he studied law. Living in Johannesburg, he became involved in anti-colonial politics, joining the ANC and becoming a founding member of its Youth League. After the Afrikaner minority government of the National Party established apartheid in 1948, he rose to prominence in the ANC's 1952 Defiance Campaign, was appointed superintendent of the organisation's Transvaal chapter and presided over the 1955 Congress of the People. Working as a lawyer, he was repeatedly arrested for seditious activities and, with the ANC leadership, was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961. Influenced by Marxism, he secretly joined the South African Communist Party (SACP) and sat on its Central Committee. Although initially committed to non-violent protest, in association with the SACP he co-founded the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) in 1961, leading a sabotage campaign against the apartheid government. In 1962, he was arrested, convicted of conspiracy to overthrow the state, and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial.
Mandela served 27 years in prison, initially on Robben Island, and later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison. An international campaign lobbied for his release, which was granted in 1990 amid escalating civil strife. Mandela joined negotiations with Nationalist President F. W. de Klerk to abolish apartheid and establish multiracial elections in 1994, in which he led the ANC to victory and became South Africa's first black president. He published his autobiography in 1995. During his tenure in the Government of National Unity he invited other political parties to join the cabinet, and promulgated a new constitution. He also created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses. While continuing the former government's liberal economic policy, his administration also introduced measures to encourage land reform, combat poverty, and expand healthcare services. Internationally, he acted as mediator between Libya and the United Kingdom in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial, and oversaw military intervention in Lesotho. He declined to run for a second term, and was succeeded by his deputy, Thabo Mbeki. Mandela became an elder statesman, focusing on charitable work in combating poverty and HIV/AIDS through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.
Mandela was a controversial figure for much of his life. Denounced as a communist terrorist by critics,[6][7] he nevertheless gained international acclaim for his activism, having received more than 250 honours, including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize, the US Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Soviet Order of Lenin. He is held in deep respect within South Africa, where he is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name, Madiba, or as Tata ("Father"); he is often described as the "Father of the Nation".
2008
Ink wash with color pencil highlights on mat board
9 x 11.5 inches
I did this sketch of John Mayer for my sister in about an hour and a half. I used a photo off the internet.
Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.[1][2]
Personal life[edit]
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE[edit]
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread[citation needed].
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities[edit]
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come[citation needed].
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/mænˈdɛlə/;[5] Xhosa pronunciation: [xoˈliːɬaɬa manˈdeːla]; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was South Africa's first black chief executive, and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalised racism, poverty and inequality, and fostering racial reconciliation. Politically an African nationalist and democratic socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1991 to 1997. Internationally, Mandela was Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999.
A Xhosa born to the Thembu royal family, Mandela attended the Fort Hare University and the University of Witwatersrand, where he studied law. Living in Johannesburg, he became involved in anti-colonial politics, joining the ANC and becoming a founding member of its Youth League. After the Afrikaner minority government of the National Party established apartheid in 1948, he rose to prominence in the ANC's 1952 Defiance Campaign, was appointed superintendent of the organisation's Transvaal chapter and presided over the 1955 Congress of the People. Working as a lawyer, he was repeatedly arrested for seditious activities and, with the ANC leadership, was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961. Influenced by Marxism, he secretly joined the South African Communist Party (SACP) and sat on its Central Committee. Although initially committed to non-violent protest, in association with the SACP he co-founded the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) in 1961, leading a sabotage campaign against the apartheid government. In 1962, he was arrested, convicted of conspiracy to overthrow the state, and sentenced to life imprisonment in the Rivonia Trial.
Mandela served 27 years in prison, initially on Robben Island, and later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison. An international campaign lobbied for his release, which was granted in 1990 amid escalating civil strife. Mandela joined negotiations with Nationalist President F. W. de Klerk to abolish apartheid and establish multiracial elections in 1994, in which he led the ANC to victory and became South Africa's first black president. He published his autobiography in 1995. During his tenure in the Government of National Unity he invited other political parties to join the cabinet, and promulgated a new constitution. He also created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses. While continuing the former government's liberal economic policy, his administration also introduced measures to encourage land reform, combat poverty, and expand healthcare services. Internationally, he acted as mediator between Libya and the United Kingdom in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial, and oversaw military intervention in Lesotho. He declined to run for a second term, and was succeeded by his deputy, Thabo Mbeki. Mandela became an elder statesman, focusing on charitable work in combating poverty and HIV/AIDS through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.
Mandela was a controversial figure for much of his life. Denounced as a communist terrorist by critics,[6][7] he nevertheless gained international acclaim for his activism, having received more than 250 honours, including the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize, the US Presidential Medal of Freedom, and the Soviet Order of Lenin. He is held in deep respect within South Africa, where he is often referred to by his Xhosa clan name, Madiba, or as Tata ("Father"); he is often described as the "Father of the Nation".
Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Personal life
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come
Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.[1][2]
Personal life[edit]
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE[edit]
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread[citation needed].
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities[edit]
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come[
NELSON MANDELA
1st President of South Africa
In office
10 May 1994 – 14 June 1999
DeputyThabo Mbeki
F. W. de Klerk
Preceded byF. W. de Klerk
As State President
Succeeded byThabo Mbeki
Personal details
BornRolihlahla Mandela
18 July 1918
Mvezo, Cape Province, South Africa
Died5 December 2013 (aged 95)
Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
Resting placeMandela Graveyard
Qunu, Eastern Cape
31°48′21.8″S 28°36′52.7″E
NationalitySouth African
Political partyAfrican National Congress
Other political
affiliationsSouth African Communist Party
Spouse(s)Evelyn Ntoko Mase
(m. 1944–1957; divorced)
Winnie Madikizela
(m. 1958–1996; divorced)
Graça Machel
(m. 1998–2013; his death)
Children
Thembekile Mandela
Makaziwe Mandela
Makgatho Mandela
Makaziwe Mandela
Zenani Mandela
Zindziswa Mandela
Alma mater
University of Fort Hare
UoL External Programme
University of South Africa
University of the Witwatersrand
Occupation
Activist
Politician
Philanthropist
Lawyer
ReligionMethodist[1][2][3]
Known forAnti-Apartheid Movement
Awards
Sakharov Prize (1988)
Bharat Ratna (1990)
Nobel Peace Prize (1993)
Order of Lenin
Presidential Medal of Freedom
Notable work(s)Long Walk to Freedom
SignatureSignature of Nelson Mandela
Websitewww.nelsonmandela.org
Nickname(s)Madiba
Tata
Dalibhunga (initiation name)[4]
SketchCrawl with USK St.Gallen im Zeltwerk in Rorschach
Aquapad Aquarell A4, 300g/m2, mechanical Pencil Pentel 2B, 0.9mm, Watertank Brush, Van Gogh Aquarell, 20‘ Sketch
SketchCrawl with USK St.Gallen im Zeltwerk in Rorschach
Aquapad Aquarell A4, 300g/m2, mechanical Pencil Pentel 2B, 0.9mm, Watertank Brush, Van Gogh Aquarell, 20‘ Sketch
Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Personal life
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come
Thileepan Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.[1][2]
Personal life[edit]
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE[edit]
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread[citation needed].
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities[edit]
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come[
Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.[1][2]
Personal life[edit]
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE[edit]
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread[citation needed].
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities[edit]
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come[citation needed].
Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.[1][2]
Personal life[edit]
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE[edit]
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread[citation needed].
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities[edit]
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come[citation needed].
Actor NANDHA as Our THILEEPAN Portrait 01 by Artist Anikartick,Chennai,TamilNadu,India
Thileepan Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka.[1][2]
Personal life[edit]
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE[edit]
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread[citation needed].
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities[edit]
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come[
Thileepan Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Personal life
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come
5"x6" sketch Polymer lead on Canson drawing book paper. After 4 years and 633 sketches one would think that I would be better at this than I am. However, drawing faces is a good game to play. My goal is to draw faster and get a "likeness" every time. In the mean time my goal is to draw 1,000 faces by the end of 2015. I am going to have to pick up the pace quite a bit.
USK-Symposium Zürich 2023
Moleskin Classic Pocket Watercolor Notebook 9x14cm 200g/m2, mechanical Pencil Pentel 0.9mm, 2B, Mallow juice and Coffee in Watertank Brush, 20‘ Sketch
bottom right corner: black Conte crayon on paper
photo taken w/ the iPhone 3gs; edited using PhotoWizard iPhone app
NELSON MANDELA
1st President of South Africa
In office
10 May 1994 – 14 June 1999
DeputyThabo Mbeki
F. W. de Klerk
Preceded byF. W. de Klerk
As State President
Succeeded byThabo Mbeki
Personal details
BornRolihlahla Mandela
18 July 1918
Mvezo, Cape Province, South Africa
Died5 December 2013 (aged 95)
Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
Resting placeMandela Graveyard
Qunu, Eastern Cape
31°48′21.8″S 28°36′52.7″E
NationalitySouth African
Political partyAfrican National Congress
Other political
affiliationsSouth African Communist Party
Spouse(s)Evelyn Ntoko Mase
(m. 1944–1957; divorced)
Winnie Madikizela
(m. 1958–1996; divorced)
Graça Machel
(m. 1998–2013; his death)
Children
Thembekile Mandela
Makaziwe Mandela
Makgatho Mandela
Makaziwe Mandela
Zenani Mandela
Zindziswa Mandela
Alma mater
University of Fort Hare
UoL External Programme
University of South Africa
University of the Witwatersrand
Occupation
Activist
Politician
Philanthropist
Lawyer
ReligionMethodist[1][2][3]
Known forAnti-Apartheid Movement
Awards
Sakharov Prize (1988)
Bharat Ratna (1990)
Nobel Peace Prize (1993)
Order of Lenin
Presidential Medal of Freedom
Notable work(s)Long Walk to Freedom
SignatureSignature of Nelson Mandela
Websitewww.nelsonmandela.org
Nickname(s)Madiba
Tata
Dalibhunga (initiation name)[4]
Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Personal life
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come
NELSON MANDELA
1st President of South Africa
In office
10 May 1994 – 14 June 1999
DeputyThabo Mbeki
F. W. de Klerk
Preceded byF. W. de Klerk
As State President
Succeeded byThabo Mbeki
Personal details
BornRolihlahla Mandela
18 July 1918
Mvezo, Cape Province, South Africa
Died5 December 2013 (aged 95)
Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
Resting placeMandela Graveyard
Qunu, Eastern Cape
31°48′21.8″S 28°36′52.7″E
NationalitySouth African
Political partyAfrican National Congress
Other political
affiliationsSouth African Communist Party
Spouse(s)Evelyn Ntoko Mase
(m. 1944–1957; divorced)
Winnie Madikizela
(m. 1958–1996; divorced)
Graça Machel
(m. 1998–2013; his death)
Children
Thembekile Mandela
Makaziwe Mandela
Makgatho Mandela
Makaziwe Mandela
Zenani Mandela
Zindziswa Mandela
Alma mater
University of Fort Hare
UoL External Programme
University of South Africa
University of the Witwatersrand
Occupation
Activist
Politician
Philanthropist
Lawyer
ReligionMethodist[1][2][3]
Known forAnti-Apartheid Movement
Awards
Sakharov Prize (1988)
Bharat Ratna (1990)
Nobel Peace Prize (1993)
Order of Lenin
Presidential Medal of Freedom
Notable work(s)Long Walk to Freedom
SignatureSignature of Nelson Mandela
Websitewww.nelsonmandela.org
Nickname(s)Madiba
Tata
Dalibhunga (initiation name)[4]
Thileepan Rasaiah Parthipan also known as Lt. Col. Thileepan was a LTTE political wing member who died during a hunger strike during the IPKF operation of Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Personal life
His real name was Rasaiah Parthipan and was born in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. His father Rasaiah was a school teacher. His mother died during his childhood and he was brought up by his single father. He was a popular student in Jaffna Hindu College, a prominent high school in Jaffna, before joining the LTTE. prior to the 1983 Black July pogrom.
LTTE
Rasaiah Parthipan joined the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam in 1983 prior to Black July pogrom. He was given the name Thileepan. He became the LTTE political wing leader of the Jaffna peninsula. He was a determined person who fasted unto death.
On the 15th of September 1987 at 9.30 a.m at the Nallur Murugan Temple, Thileepan began his fast. His main objective was to bring awareness and action to a list of public demands made by himself and the Tamil Tigers, at a time when the relationship between the LTTE and the IPKF administration was deteriorating.[3]
The publicly stated goals of his fast were [4]
All Tamils detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act should be released.
The colonisation of Sinhalese in Tamil areas under the guise of rehabilitation should be stopped.
All such rehabilitation should be stopped until an interim government is formed.
The Sri Lankan government should stop opening new Police stations and camps in the Northeastern province.
The Sri Lankan Army and Police should withdraw from schools in Tamil villages and the weapons given by the Sri Lankan government to 'homeguards' should be withdrawn under the supervision of the Indian army.
Death[edit]
Although several groups requested Thileepan as well as the local IPKF administration to intervene and stop the fast, Thileepan died on the 26th of September 1987.
There was widespread grief in Tamil areas. Thousands of people from the North and East flooded Jaffna as news of his death spread
His death created an anti-Indian mood in Jaffna that was pro-India till then.[5]
Resumption of hostilities
Several days later the LTTE began hostilities against the Indian Peace Keeping Force. The death of Thileepan was hence seen as a pivotal moment in Sri Lankan History and Sri Lankan - Indian relations for years to come
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky’s ballet “The Nutcracker “ premieres in St. Petersburg Dec. 18, 1892.
#ColorEludesMe #RussPetcoff #Lamy #illustrator #HistoryAlive #StillmanAndBirn #fountainpen #sketching #drawdaily #portraitsketch #portraitartist #faces #iDrawfaces #TheNutcracker
USK-Symposium Zürich 2023
Moleskin Classic Pocket Watercolor Notebook 9x14cm 200g/m2, mechanical Pencil Pentel 0.9mm, 2B, Mallow juice and Coffee in Watertank Brush, 30‘ Sketch
30.1.2021: The Livesketchspeeddating last night was great as always! I have drawn this time mostly half blind, Enno completely blind (as is easy to see). The background I painted with watercolors, the contours with Fineliner 0.05, the coloring in the faces with Polychromos. Thanks to @gris030.de and the models @honeymoon_79 @nopberlin @sarasani2205 @lennysatorii @meyerwoelden and @be_kylie.
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30.1.2021: Das Livesketchspeeddating gestern Abend war wie immer klasse! Ich habe diesmal überwiegend halb blind gezeichnet, bei Enno komplett blind (wie unschwer zu erkennen ist). Den Hintergrund habe ich mit Aquarellfarben gemalt, die Konturen mit Fineliner 0.05, die Kolorierung in den Gesichtern mit Polychromos. Danke an @gris030.de und die Models @honeymoon_79 @nopberlin @sarasani2205 @lennysatorii @meyerwoelden und @be_kylie.
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#livesketchspeeddating #lssd #grislive #lebenserheiterndemaßnahmen #moleskinepocketdiary #illustratedjournal #kjmillu #kjmillustration #kjmillu2021 #swatches #speedsketching #lifesketching #portraitdrawing #5minutensketch #portraitsketch #livestreamsketch #peoplesketching #sketchingpeople #speedpainting #polychromos
Edith Schiele, wife of Egon / died of the Spanish flu / photo by Google search photographer
23 Likes on Instagram
4 Comments on Instagram:
violetvandever: #egonschiele#schiele#modern#edithschiele#art#portrait#sketch#portraitsketch#gallery#portraits#drawing#drawings#pencilsketch#spanishflu#sketchbook#sketch#sketches#illustration#illustrations#artoftheday#contemporary
violetvandever: Photo inspiration by Google search photographer I should clarify, drawing by me 😄
violetvandever: #illustration
violetvandever: #draw