“When witches go riding and black cats are seen, the moon laughs and whispers, 'tis near Halloween."

We shalt begin again

"ʏᴏᴜ ᴊᴜꜱᴛ ʜᴀᴅ ᴛᴏ ɢᴏ ᴀɴᴅ ᴋᴇᴇᴘɪɴɢ ʀᴜɴɴɪɴɢ ʏᴏᴜʀ ᴍᴏᴜᴛʜ... ɴᴏᴡ ʟᴏᴏᴋ, ʏᴏᴜ'ʀᴇ ᴅᴇᴀᴅ."

xoxo

Feat. Doux, Heaux, Salem, Cynful, Nuuna, Top1Salon, Evermore, CerberusXing and more.

Tartiste style HERE

Group Q is a twin-pyramid complex, and is one of the largest at Tikal. It was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun.

 

Most of it has been restored and its monuments have been re-erected.

carleybenazzi.wordpress.com/2016/07/01/938/

Group Q is a twin-pyramid complex, and is one of the largest at Tikal. It was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun.

 

Most of it has been restored and its monuments have been re-erected.

to see more, visit my blog:

vixxievultee.wordpress.com/2012/03/25/corona-radiata/

Group Q is a twin-pyramid complex, and is one of the largest at Tikal. It was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun.

 

Most of it has been restored and its monuments have been re-erected.

Group Q is a twin-pyramid complex, and is one of the largest at Tikal. It was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun.

 

Most of it has been restored and its monuments have been re-erected.

-~ Nếu ai thấy nhóm fiền phức , cứ việc mà ra nhóm :') ... không tỹn âu :))

 

-~ Đơn giãn , nhóm dạo này rắc rối qák :)

 

-~ Đi chơi ckãng đông đũ , Lúc thì có người nài , thỳ thiếu ngừi kia :-j

 

-~ Nkóm gì mà chãng bíc ckừng nào . đc . Lưu đc 1 tấm hình kĩ niệm nhóm =)

 

-~Không gì tar kô gặp nhau thường xuyên là Mình f~ trách , mà do nhóm riết phức tạp qá

 

-~ chãng còn thân như tr'c , dống như 1 người 1 nơi

 

-~ Chãng biếc f~ nói sao . :)

 

---------------------------------------------

 

-~ Bây giờ ai mún đuỗi ai , thì cứ đễ lại 1 Kái c/m :)

 

-~ Tôi cấm ai đễ lại chữ Tem là 1 . Sao củng Đc là 2 , Hay gì đóa ...

 

-~ Chỷ cần Ghi , sẽ đuỗi ai :-j thôi

 

-~ 1 mình nhóm trưởng kô lo nổi âu

 

-~ :) ... Thông cãm nha ^^~

 

--------------------------------------------

 

-~ Những người mà bị đuỗi òy đóa , Thì rất thông cãng và Xin lỗi Thậc tình :')

 

-~ nhưng có thễ Đi qới nhóm , 1 cáck vui vẽ :')

 

-~ không cần f~ bùn =) . đúq hăm :") .

 

-~ k~ sẽ có gặp nhau lại thôi yên tâm ^^

 

-------------------------------------------

 

Nhóm gòm

 

-B1- Rubin [Hưng] .

 

-B2- Pynk.Girl [Hồng] [Nhóm Trưởng]

 

-B3- Znhók gà [Tiến]

 

-B4- Ty.nhỏ [Thư]

 

-B5- Bi.Lùn [Thịnh]

 

-B6- Pon.lùn [Vân]

 

-B7-Jun nhóc Kem Mập =)) [Giang]

 

-B8- Bé nuun [Phụng]

 

-B9- Bé heo [Bé Tuyết]

 

-B10-Ty.Lùn [ Linh]

 

Đóa mún kíc ai thì kích đi =))

CARA ALI...NON SONO RIUSCITA A RINGRAZIARTI IN TEMPO MA COME VEDI IL TUO SPLENDIDO ABITO E' STAT FONTE DI ISPIRAZIONE... GRAAAAAAAAAAAZIE!

 

DRESS:ALIZA KARU

POSE:DEL MAY

SKIN:NUUNA

NAILS:ME

Matt Hart of team DART/nuun runs toward a checkpoint during the TRIOBA Sprint adventure race near Ellensburg, Wash., in May 2007. Photo by Mike Bitton.

Here in this body are the sacred rivers: here are the sun and moon as well as all the pilgrimage places... I have not encountered another temple as blissful as my own self.

Tartiste Style Here

 

Art In Hats

Group Q is a twin-pyramid complex, and is one of the largest at Tikal. It was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun.

 

Most of it has been restored and its monuments have been re-erected.

to see more, visit my blog:

vixxievultee.wordpress.com/2012/03/25/corona-radiata/

Group Q is a twin-pyramid complex, and is one of the largest at Tikal. It was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun.

 

Most of it has been restored and its monuments have been re-erected.

Group R is another twin-pyramid complex, dated to 790. It is close to the Maler Causeway.

 

Stela 19 was dedicated in 790 by Yax Nuun Ayiin II.

♫ Dead Meadow - Sleepy Silver Door

Group Q is a twin-pyramid complex, and is one of the largest at Tikal. It was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun.

 

Most of it has been restored and its monuments have been re-erected.

Pentax 645N

Portra 400

Structure 5D-43 is an unusual radial temple in the East Plaza, built over a pre-existing twin pyramid complex. It is built into the end of the East Plaza Ballcourt and possessed four entry doorways and three stairways, the fourth (south) side was too close to the Central Acropolis for a stairway on that side.

 

The building has a talud-tablero platform profile, modified from the original style found at Teotihuacan. In fact, it has been suggested that the style of the building has closer affinities with El Tajin and Xochicalco than with Teotihuacan itself. The vertical tablero panels are set between sloping talud panels and are decorated with paired disc symbols. Large flower symbols are set into the sloping talud panels, related to the Venus and star symbols used at Teotihuacan. The roof of the structure was decorated with friezes although only fragments now remain, showing a monstrous face, perhaps that of a jaguar, with another head emerging from the mouth.[113] The second head possesses a bifurcated tongue but is probably not that of a snake. The temple, and its associated ballcourt, probably date to the reign of Nuun Ujol Chaak or that of his son Jasaw Chan K'awiil I, in the later part of the 7th century.

Everything that goes with me on a Search & Rescue. When a call comes out for a lost person you don’t have time to get yourself ready and pack! My SAR pack is ready to go 24/7 and has everything needed to sustain myself for 72 hours - if needed. Below is the inventory of the pack!

 

1. Coaxsher SR-1 Endeavor Search and Rescue Pack

2. Coaxsher RCP-1 Pro Radio Chest Harness

3. Insect Repellant – (quick access in chest harness)

4. Gerber Suspension Multitool (quick access in chest harness)

5. UTM Grid Reader (quick access in chest harness)

6. UST JetScream Floating Whistle (quick access in chest harness)

7. 2-Way Radios (quick access in chest harness)

8. Yaesu FT-270R (quick access in chest harness)

9. Garmin GPSMAP 60CSx (quick access in chest harness)

10. Rite in the Rain Notebook and No. 97 Tactical Pen (quick access in chest harness)

11. Silva Guide 426 Compass (quick access in chest harness)

12. Knife (quick access in chest harness)

13. Tick Removal Key (quick access in chest harness)

14. AA Batteries (quick access in chest harness)

15. Toilet/Tissue Paper (quick access in chest harness)

16. X-DRAGON 20W Solar Panel Charger

17. Nuun Electrolyte Tablets

18. WetFire Tinder Fire Starter

19. SteriPEN FitsAll Filter

20. Disposable Camera

21. MRE (Meal-Ready-to Eat)

22. AA Batteries

23. SteriPEN Classic

24. Flash Light/Strobe Light Combination

25. LifeStraw

26. Portable USB Charger

27. Gerber Tinderbox

28. Petzl MYO Headlamp

29. Safety Glasses

30. Adventure Medial Kits - First Aid Kit

31. USB Cables/Chargers

32. Paper Towels / Toilet Paper

33. Toiletries – Shampoo, Soap, Toothpaste, Deodorant etc.

34. UST StarFlash Floating Signal Mirror

35. Weather Poncho

36. Hand Warmers

37. Parachute cord

38. UCO Stormproof Matches

39. Numyth Tohil Watertight Fluid Lighter

40. UST BlastMatch Fire Starter

41. Frogg Toggs Rain Suit

42. Illumiseen Illuminating Reflective Belt

43. CPR Mask

44. Glowstick/Flashlight

45. ChemLights

46. Cable Ties

47. Fiskars Pruning Shears

48. Streamlight Survivor

49. Flashlight (Secondary)

50. Ringers Extrication Barrier One Gloves

51. Mechanix Gloves

52. Streamlight E-Flood LiteBox

53. CHILL-ITS 6602 Evaporative Cooling Towels

54. Nalgene Water Bottle

55. Outdoor Research Expedition Gaiters

56. Outdoor Research Seattle Sombrero

57. Lifeline 48”x58” Blanket

58. 5.11 Packable Jacket

59. Hats

60. Gerber Bear Grylls Ultimate Pro Fixed Blade

61. Gerber Bear Grylls Compact Parang

62. Bahco Laplander Folding Pruning Saw

63. Gerber Bear Grylls Survival Hatchet

64. Change of Clothes

65. Head Beanies

*Under the Pack & Not Shown: Camelback

 

New post up at Next Door to Clever

 

(Also, fun fact: this is my 100th upload to flickr)

Rocca di Vignola (MO) (HDR)

 

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Under construction: an event space and panoramic restaurant designed by Seville architects, Nuun Consulting.

 

According to some local press reports, it's significantly behind schedule and over budget.

 

Jardín de las Cigarreras, Sevilla

Non so dire l'età di questa donna, ma penso che sia giovane. Vive in un piccolo villaggio nelle campagne del Rajasthan, con il marito e altre due coppie di sposi, ed i relativi figli, in una casa molto povera, con il tetto rotto. Ho contato almeno 20 bambini. Ha voluto che stessimo da lei per quella mattina.La loro ospitalità è stata eccezionale, erano davvero incuriositi da noi e dalla nostra provenienza. Ci hanno preparato il te e mostrato alcune foto di famiglia. Lei era bellissima e dolce, ed era emozionata, perchè da quelle parti passano davvero pochi turisti.

Elite Mens Race at the Rapha Nocturne in Londons Cheapside circuit

The son of Spearthrower Owl by the name of Yax Nuun Ayiin I (First Crocodile) was installed as the fifteenth king of Tikal while he was still a boy, being enthroned on 13 September 379. He reigned for 47 years as king of Tikal, and remained a vassal of Siyah K'ak’ for as long as the latter lived.

 

This photo was taken by a Asahi Pentax 6 X 7 medium format film camera and Super-Multi-Coated Macro-Takumar/6X7 1:4/135mm lens mounted on a Asahi Pentax 6X7 #2 Extension Tube using Fuji Pro 400H film, the negative scanned by an Epson Perfection V600 and digitally rendered with Photoshop.

Tikal, North Acropolis, from Temple II

 

Tikal is the ruins of an ancient city found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archaeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization. It is located in the archaeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala. Situated in the department of El Petén, the site is part of Guatemala's Tikal National Park.

 

Tikal was the capital of a conquest state that became one of the most powerful kingdoms of the ancient Maya. Though monumental architecture at the site dates back as far as the 4th century BC, Tikal reached its apogee during the Classic Period, ca. 200 to 900 AD. During this time, the city dominated much of the Maya region politically, economically, and militarily, while interacting with areas throughout Mesoamerica such as the great metropolis of Teotihuacan in the distant Valley of Mexico. There is evidence that Tikal was conquered by Teotihuacan in the 4th century AD. Following the end of the Late Classic Period, no new major monuments were built at Tikal and there is evidence that elite palaces were burned. These events were coupled with a gradual population decline, culminating with the site’s abandonment by the end of the 10th century.

 

Tikal is the best understood of any of the large lowland Maya cities, with a long dynastic ruler list, the discovery of the tombs of many of the rulers on this list and the investigation of their monuments, temples and palaces.

 

The North Acropolis is an architectural complex that served as a royal necropolis and was a centre for funerary activity for over 1300 years. The acropolis is located near the centre of the city and is one of the most studied of Maya architectural complexes.

 

The first traces of human activity at the site date to approximately 800 BC, with the first structures being built about 350 BC. Around 250 AD the complex underwent a major redevelopment with the construction of a massive basal platform that supported a cluster of temples; this was followed around AD 450 by the addition of a row of four pyramids on a terrace to the south of the main platform.

 

A number of royal tombs have been excavated that have been identified with named kings, including the tombs of Yax Nuun Ayiin I (ruled AD 379- c. 404), Siyaj Chan K'awiil II (ruled 411-456), Wak Chan K'awiil (ruled 537-562) and "Animal Skull" (ruled c. 593-638). An early tomb in the North Acropolis has been tentatively identified as that of the dynastic founder Yax Ehb' Xook (ruled c. 90).

 

A large number of stone monuments were placed in the North Acropolis. By the 9th century AD these included 43 stelae and 30 altars; 18 of these monuments were sculpted with hieroglyphic texts and royal portraits. A number of these monuments show the influence of the great city of Teotihuacan in the Valley of Mexico.

 

(sources: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikal, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Acropolis,_Tikal)

See my full GORUCK Challenge loadout blog post for details about the gear I used and how it worked out. This photo is for use on Brian's Backpacking Blog. © All Rights Reserved. Don't miss out on all the latest backpacking gear reviews and tips & tricks. Not a member? Join us!

New post up at Next Door to Clever

Some items displayed on our dining room book shelves. The pot is ancient Peruvian. The bust is of old Pakal. Access to this area of our home has been blocked for many months due some goods to be sold and my not being in good enough health to pack and identify the items.

 

Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I[N 1] (Mayan pronunciation: [kʼihniʧ xanaːɓ pakal]), also known as Pacal, Pacal the Great, 8 Ahau and Sun Shield (March 603 – August 683),[1] was ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque in the Late Classic period of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican chronology. He acceded to the throne in July 615 and ruled until his death. During a reign of 68 years—the fourth-longest verified regnal period of any sovereign monarch in history, the longest in world history for more than a millennium,[N 2] and still the longest in the history of the Americas—Pakal was responsible for the construction or extension of some of Palenque's most notable surviving inscriptions and monumental architecture.[N 3][2][3]Pakal is perhaps best-known in popular culture for his depiction on the carved lid of his sarcophagus, which has become the subject of pseudoarchaeological speculations.[4]

 

Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I's glyphs.

Before his name was securely deciphered from extant Maya inscriptions, this ruler had been known by an assortment of nicknames and approximations, including Pakal or Pacal, Sun Shield, 8 Ahau, and (familiarly) as Pacal the Great. The word pakal means "shield" in the Classic Maya language.[5]

 

In modern sources his name is also sometimes appended with a regnal number,[N 4] to distinguish him from other rulers with this name, that either preceded or followed him in the dynastic lineage of Palenque. Confusingly, he has at times been referred to as either "Pakal I" or "Pakal II". Reference to him as Pakal II alludes to his maternal grandfather (who died c.612) also being named Janahb Pakal. However, although his grandfather was a personage of ajaw ranking, he does not himself appear to have been a king. When instead the name Pakal I is used, this serves to distinguish him from two later known successors to the Palenque rulership, Kʼinich Janaab Pakal II (ruled c. 742) and Janaab Pakal III, the last-known Palenque ruler (ruled c.799).[6]

 

Pakal expanded Palenque's power in the western part of the Maya states and initiated a building program at his capital that produced some of Maya civilization's finest art and architecture.

 

In 628, one of Pakal's officials (aj kʼuhuun), was captured by Piedras Negras. Six days later Nuun Ujol Chaak, ajaw of Santa Elena, was captured and taken to Palenque. Santa Elena became a tributary of Palenque. Having been appointed ajaw at the age of twelve, Pakal's mother was a regent to him. Over the years she slowly ceded power until she died in September 640. In 659 Pakal captured six prisoners, One of them, Ahiin Chan Ahk, was from Pipaʼ, generally associated with Pomona. In 663 Pakal killed another lord of Pipaʼ. At this time he also captured six people from Santa Elena.[8]

 

647 Kʼinich Janaab Pakal began his first construction project (he was 44 at the time). The first project was a temple called El Olvidado, also called the forgotten temple because it's far away from Lakamhaʼ. Of all Pakal's construction projects, perhaps the most accomplished is the Palace of Palenque. The building was already in existence, but Pakal made it much larger than it was. Pakal started his construction by adding monument rooms onto the old level of the building. He then constructed Building E, called Sak Nuk Naah "White Skin House" in Classic Maya for its white coat of paint rather than the red used elsewhere in the palace. The east court of the palace is a ceremonial area marking military triumphs. Houses B and C were built in 661 and house A in 668. House A is covered with frescos of prisoners captured in 662.[9][10]

 

The monuments and text associated with Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I are: Oval Palace Tablet, Hieroglyphic Stairway, House C texts, Subterranean Thrones and Tableritos, Olvidado piers and sarcophagus texts.[11]

 

After his death, Pakal was deified and was said to communicate with his descendants. He was succeeded by his son, Kʼinich Kan Bahlam II.

 

Pakal was buried in a colossal sarcophagus in the largest of Palenque's stepped pyramid structures, the building called Bʼolon Yej Teʼ Naah "House of the Nine Sharpened Spears"[12] in Classic Maya and now known as the Temple of the Inscriptions. Though Palenque had been examined by archaeologists before, the secret to opening his tomb — closed off by a stone slab with stone plugs in the holes, which had until then escaped the attention of archaeologists—was discovered by Mexican archaeologist Alberto Ruz Lhuillier in 1948. It took four years to clear the rubble from the stairway leading down to Pakal's tomb, but it was finally uncovered in 1952.[13] His skeletal remains were still lying in his coffin, wearing a jade mask and bead necklaces, surrounded by sculptures and stucco reliefs depicting the ruler's transition to divinity and figures from Maya mythology. Traces of pigment show that these were once colorfully painted, common of much Maya sculpture at the time.[14]

 

Whether the bones in the tomb are really those of Pakal is under debate because analysis of the wear on the skeleton's teeth places the age of the owner at death as 40 years younger than Pakal would have been at his death. Epigraphers insist that the inscriptions on the tomb indicate that it is indeed Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal entombed within, and that he died at the age of 80 after ruling for around 70 years. Some contest that the glyphs refer to two people with the same name or that an unusual method for recording time was used, but other experts in the field say that allowing for such possibilities would go against everything else that is known about the Maya calendar and records of events. The most commonly accepted explanation for the irregularity is that Pakal, being an aristocrat, had access to softer, less abrasive food than the average person so that his teeth naturally acquired less wear.[15]

 

An underground water tunnel was found under the Temple of Inscriptions in 2016. Later on, a mask of Pakal was discovered in August 2018.[16][17]

 

The large carved stone sarcophagus lid in the Temple of Inscriptions is a unique piece of Classic Maya art. Iconographically, however, it is closely related to the large wall panels of the temples of the Cross and the Foliated Cross centered on world trees. Around the edges of the lid is a band with cosmological signs, including those for sun, moon, and star, as well as the heads of six named noblemen of varying rank.[18] The central image is that of a cruciform world tree. Beneath Pakal is one of the heads of a celestial two-headed serpent viewed frontally. Both the king and the serpent head on which he seems to rest are framed by the open jaws of a funerary serpent, a common iconographic device for signalling entrance into, or residence in, the realm(s) of the dead. The king himself wears the attributes of the Tonsured maize god - in particular a turtle ornament on the breast - and is shown in a peculiar posture that may denote rebirth.[19] Interpretation of the lid has raised controversy. Linda Schele saw Pakal falling down the Milky Way into the southern horizon.[20]

 

Pakal's tomb has been the subject of ancient astronaut hypotheses since its appearance in Erich von Däniken's 1968 best seller, Chariots of the Gods?. Von Däniken reproduced a drawing of the sarcophagus lid, incorrectly labeling it as being from "Copán" and comparing Pacal's pose to that of Project Mercury astronauts in the 1960s. Von Däniken interprets drawings underneath him as rockets, and offers it as possible evidence of an extraterrestrial influence on the ancient Maya.[21]

 

In the center of that frame is a man sitting, bending forward. He has a mask on his nose, he uses his two hands to manipulate some controls, and the heel of his left foot is on a kind of pedal with different adjustments. The rear portion is separated from him; he is sitting on a complicated chair, and outside of this whole frame, you see a little flame like an exhaust.[22]

 

Another example of this carving's manifestation in pseudoarchaeology is the identification by José Argüelles of "Pacal Votan" as an incarnation named "Valum Votan," who would act as a "closer of the cycle" in 2012 (an event that is also significant on Argüelles' "13 Moon" calendar). Daniel Pinchbeck, in his book 2012: The Return of Quetzalcoatl (2006), also uses the name "Votan" in reference to Pakal.[citation needed]

 

Notes:

 

^ The ruler's name, when transcribed is KʼINICH-JANA꞉B-PAKAL-la, translated "Radiant ? Shield", Martin & Grube 2008, p. 162.

^ Pakal's record was eventually surpassed in June 1711, by Louis XIV of France; Louis's record still stands as of 10 January 2020.

^ These are the dates indicated on the Maya inscriptions in Mesoamerican Long Count calendar. Born: 9.8.9.13.0 8 Ahaw 13 Pop; acceded: 9.9.2.4.8 5 Lamat 1 Mol; died: 9.12.11.5.18 6 Etzʼnab 11 Yax, Martin & Grube 2008, p. 162.

^ Maya rulership titles and name glyphs themselves do not use regnal numbers, they are a convenience only of modern scholars.

 

Footnotes:

 

^ 9.8.9.13.0 and 9.12.11.5.18 (Tiesler & Cucina 2004, p. 40)

^ Skidmore 2010, p. 71.

^ Martin & Grube 2008, pp. 162-168.

^ Wade, Lizzie (2019-04-09). "Believe in Atlantis? These archaeologists want to win you back to science". Science | AAAS. Retrieved 2019-04-14.

^ Skidmore 2010, pp. 71-73.

^ Skidmore 2010, pp. 56-57, pp. 71-73, p. 83, p. 91.

^ Martin & Grube 2008, pp. 162-165.

^ Skidmore 2010, pp. 71-73.

^ Martin & Grube 2008, pp. 162-168.

^ Skidmore 2010, pp. 71-73.

^ Martin & Grube 2008, p. 162.

^ Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico

^ Mathews, p. 1.

^ Stokstad, p. 388.

^ Mathews, p. 1.

^ "Incredible Maya discovery: Ancient king's mask uncovered in Mexico". Fox News. 29 August 2018.

^ "This Haunting Mask Could Be The Face of The Longest-Reigning Ancient Maya King". Science Alert. 30 August 2018.

^ Schele & Mathews 1998, pp. 111-112.

^ Stuart & Stuart 2008, pp. 174-177

^ Freidel, Schele & Parker 1993, pp. 76-77

^ Finley, p.1

^ von Däniken, pp. 100-101, line drawing between pp. 78-79.

 

References:

 

Finley, Michael. "Von Daniken's Maya Astronaut". SHAW WEBSPACE. Archived from the original on April 12, 2008. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

Freidel, David A.; Schele, Linda; Parker, Joy (1993). Maya Cosmos: Three Thousand Years on the Shaman's Path. New York: William Morrow and Company. ISBN 9780688100810.

Martin, Simon; Nikolai Grube (2008). Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya (2nd ed.). London and New York: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 9780500287262. OCLC 191753193.

Mathews, Peter. "WHO'S WHO IN THE CLASSIC MAYA WORLD". Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI). Retrieved 18 October 2015.

Schele, Linda; Mathews, Peter (1998). The Code of Kings: The Language of Seven Sacred Maya Temples and Tombs. New York: Touchstone. ISBN 068480106X. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

Skidmore, Joel (2010). The Rulers of Palenque (PDF) (Fifth ed.). Mesoweb Publications. Retrieved 12 October 2015.

Stokstad, Marilyn (2008). Art History Fourth Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-205-74422-0.

Stuart, David; Stuart, George (2008). Palenque: Eternal City of the Maya. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 9780500051566.

Tiesler, V.; Cucina, A.; Pacheco, A. Romano (2004-10-18). "Who was the Red Queen? Identity of the female Maya dignitary from the sarcophagus tomb of Temple XIII, Palenque, Mexico". HOMO. 55 (1): 65–76. doi:10.1016/j.jchb.2004.01.003. ISSN 0018-442X. PMID 15553269.

von Däniken, Erich (1969). Chariots of the Gods?: Unsolved Mysteries of the Past. Bantam Books. ISBN 0285502565.

 

The Maya - Lost Cities in the Jungle. youtu.be/OfnvQ_vQZuA

 

Palenque's Maya Glyph Carver: youtu.be/bRvoVfrrSRE

~ PARTITION - 14 August 1947, over 10 million people were uprooted from their homeland and travelled on foot, bullock carts and trains to their new home, the newly-created country called Pakistan, the land of the pure. This was the largest mass migration known in world history.

 

This Punjabi poem, by the wonderful Amrita Pritam, is mournful and spine-chilling; it speaks of the destruction of the beautiful Punjabi landscape in the horrific scenes of the Partition of India, particularly destructive to the Punjab state, which was cut to pieces, one half remained in India the other formed part of the new country Pakistan. In the Punjab to this day, the Partition is still referred to as batwaara, literally, torn apart, separated. The poem references the classic love story composed by Waris Shah, Heer Ranjha.

 

I really liked how they used it in the Indian film, Pinjar (it has become one of my favourite films), produced from a short story by Amrita Pritam, and would urge everyone to watch it! And, of course,

read the story!

 

And hearing it recited in her own voice always gives me goose-bumps:

 

'Ajj aakhaan Waris Shah nu,

kithon kabraan wichon bol,

Te ajj kitaab-e ishq da

koi aglaa varkaa phol.

 

Ik roi si dhee Punjab di,

tuun likh likh maare vair,

Ajj lakhaan dheeyaan rondiyaan,

tainun Waris Shah nu kahn

 

Uthh dardmandaan dia dardia -

uthh takk apna Punjab

Ajj beile lashaan bichhiyaan

te lahu di bhari Chenab

 

Kise ne panjaan paaniyaan vich ditti zahar ralaa

te unhaan paniyaan dharati nuun dittaa pani laa

Is zarkhez zameen de luun luun phuttia zahr

gitth gitth charhiyaan laalian fuut fuut charhiaa kahr

veh vallissi hwa pher, van van vaggi jaa.

 

Ohne har ik vans di vanjhali ditti naag banaa

pehlaa dang madaariyaan, mantar gaye guwaach,

Dooje dang di lagg gayii,

jane khane nu laag laagaan kiile lok munh,

bus phir dang hi dang, palo pali Punjab de.

 

Neele pae gaye ang galeyon tutte geet phir,

takaleon tutti tand, trinjanon tuttiyaan saheliyaan,

charakhrre ghuukar band sane seij de beriyaan,

luddan dittiyaan rohr, sane daliyaan peengh aj,

piplaan ditti tor.

 

Jitthe vajdi si phuuk pyaar di,

ve oh vanjhali gayi guwaach,

Raanjhe de sab veer aaj,

bhul gaye uhadi jaach.

 

Dharti te lahoo varsiyaa,

kabraan paiyaan choaon, preet diyaan shaahzaadiaan,

Ajj vichch mazaaraan roan aaj sabbhe Qaido ban gaye,

Husn ishq de chor aaj kitthon liaaiye labbh ke Waris Shah ik hor...

 

Ajj aakhaan Waris Shah nu,

kithon kabraan wichon bol,

Te ajj kitaab-e ishq daa, koi aglaa varkaa phol... '

 

~ Amrita Pritam

  

****************************************************************

 

'I call out to Waris Shah today

To speak out from the grave,

And open another leaf

From the book of love.

When once a daughter of

Punjab had wept

You wrote a million dirges;

Today, a million daughters are weeping

And they are looking to you,

Waris Shah, for solace...'

 

[Muse India]

 

'I call upon Waris Shah today: speak from your grave

And add a new page to your book of love

 

Once, one daughter of Punjab wept, and you wrote your long saga;

Today, thousands weep, calling to you Waris Shah:

 

Arise, o friend of the afflicted; arise and see the state of Punjab,

Corpses strewn on fields, and the Chenab flowing with much blood.

 

Someone filled the five rivers with poison,

And this same water now irrigates our soil.

 

Where was lost the flute, where the songs of love sounded?

And all Ranjha’s brothers forgotten to play the flute.

 

Blood has rained on the soil, graves are oozing with blood,

The princesses of love cry their hearts out in the graveyards.

 

Today all the Kaidos have become the thieves of love and beauty,

Where can we find another one like Waris Shah?

 

Waris Shah! I say to you, speak from your grave

And add a new page to your book of love...'

 

(Translated by Darshan Singh Maini, Studies in Punjabi Poetry)

  

****************************************************************************

  

اج آکھاں وارث شاہ نوں کتھوں قبراں وچوں بول

تے اج کتاب عشق دا کوءی اگلا ورقہ پھول

 

اک روءی سی دھی پنجاب دی تُوں ِلکھ ِلکھ مارے وین

اج لکھاں دھیاں روندیاں تینوں وارث شاہ نوں کہن

 

اُٹھ دردمنداں دیاں دردیاں اُٹھ تک اپنا پنجاب

اج بیلے لاشاں ِوچھیاں تے لہو دی بھری چناب

 

کسے نے پنجاں پانیاں وچ دِتی زہر رلا

تے انہاں پانیاں نے دھرت نُوں دِتا پانی لا

 

ایس زرخیز زمین تے لُوں لُوں پُھٹیاں زہر

گٹھ گٹھ چڑھیاں لالیاں پُھٹ پُھٹ چڑھیا قہر

 

ویہو ولسّی وا فیر وَن وَن وگی جھگ

اوہنے ہر اِک وانس دی انجھلی دِتی ناگ بنا

 

ناگاں کِیلے لوک مُونہہ بَس فیر ڈنگ ہی ڈنگ

پل او پل ای پنجاب دے نیلے پے گے انگ

 

وے گلے اوں ٹُٹے گیت فیر، ترکلے اوں ٹُٹی تند

ترنجنوں ٹُٹیاں سہیلیاں چرکھڑے کُوکر بند

 

سنے سیج دے بیڑیاں لُڈن دِتیاں روڑھ

سنے ڈالیاں پینگ اج پپلاں دِتی توڑ

 

جتھے وجدی سی پُھوک پیار دی اوہ انجھلی گءی گواچ

رانجھے دے سب وِیر اج بُھل گءے اوہدی جاچ

 

دھرتی تے لہُو وسیا قبراں پیاں چوون

پرِیت دِیاں شاہ زادیاں اج وِچ مزاراں روون

 

وے اج سبھے قیدو بن گءے ، حُسن عشق دے چور

اج کتھوں لیاءیے لبھ کے وارث شاہ اِک ہور

 

اَج آکھاں وارث شاہ نُوں کتھوں قبراں وچوں بول

تے اج کتاب عشق دا کوءی اگلا ورقہ پھول

  

Contribution: Waseem Ramay/folkpunjab.com

  

[All images courtesy TIME magazine by photographer Margaret Bourke-White,

published in 1947]

Detailed LighterPack Loadout

 

1) Toilet Kit

2) Manker E02H AAA Headlamp

3) Samsung Galaxy Rugby SGH-I547C with Gaia (GPS)

4) Osprey Talon 22 Pack

5) Osprey Hydraulics LT 1.5L Hydration Bladder

6) Cascade Mt. Tech Carbon Fiber Trekking Poles

7) Gerber Para-frame Mini Tanto Folding Knife

8) Ben’s Pump Spray Insect Repellent (30% DEET)

9) Coppertone Baby Sunscreen Stick 50 SPF

10) Suunto Clipper Mini Compass

11) Anker Astro 5200mAh USB Charger

12) USB Charging Cable

13) Blistex Medicated Lip Conditioner (SPF 15)

14) ICEBREAKER Merino Wool Buff/Neck Gaitor

15) MEC Snake Bite Sunglasses

16) Utility Kit (Spare Batteries, Duct Tape, etc)

17) NUUN Active Electrolyte Tablets

18) Paracord Bracelet

19) Survival Kit

20) SOL Escape Lite Reflective/Breathable Bivy

21) Frontiersman 225g Bear Spray

22) 600-Fill Down Puffy Jacket

23) Black Diamond Midweight Gloves

24) Sawyer Mini Filtration System

25) Smartwater Water Bottle

26) First Aid Kit

27) Emergency Reflective Rain/Wind Coat

 

NOT SHOWN: Map Of Area

1) Toilet Kit (Bathroom Tissue and Hand Sanitizer)

2) Blistex Medicated Lip Conditioner (SPF 15)

3) Samsung Galaxy Rugby SGH-I547C with Gaia (GPS)

4) Petzl Tikka Plus 2 Headlamp

5) Osprey Talon 22 Pack

6) Ben’s Pump Spray Insect Repellant (30% DEET)

7) Neutrogena Water/Sweat Proof Sunscreen (30 SPF)

8) Sawyer Collapsible Water Bottle

9) NUUN Active Electrolyte Tablets

10) Sawyer MINI Water Filtration System

11) Ultralight Compact Dollar Store Umbrella

12) Gerber Paraframe Mini Tanto Folding Knife

13) First Aid Kit 1

14) SOL Escape Lite Reflective/Breathable Bivy

15) 600-Fill Down Jacket

16) First Aid Kit 2

17) Paracord Bracelet

18) Emergency Reflective Rain Coat

19) Survival Kit

20) Frontiersman 225g (7.9oz) Bear Spray

21) Platypus Hoser 1.8L (61.87oz) Hydration Bladder

22) ICEBREAKER Merino Wool Buff/Neck Gaitor

 

Not Shown: Map/Compass

The Complex Q consists of twin pyramids on the east and west side of a small plaza, an enclosure on the north side that contains a stela and and altar, and a building on the south side. The east pyramid and the enclosure have been restored, including the altars and stelae placed in front of the pyramid. Twin pyramids are unique to Tikal and neighboring settlements influenced by Tikal. Group Q was built by Yax Nuun Ayiin II in 771 in order to mark the end of the 17th K'atun (a calendar unit corresponding to 20 years).

america.pink/twin-pyramid-complex_4550391.html

 

Tikal is one of the grandest sites of the Maya civilization, located in Guatemala's northern rainforest lowlands. While some of the monumental architecture at the site dates back as far as the 4th century BCE, Tikal reached its apogee during the Classic Period (about 200-900 CE). At its peak, the city covered an area greater than 16 square kilometers (6.2 sq miles), included about 3,000 structures, and may have had as many as 90,000 inhabitants. During this time, the city dominated much of the Maya region politically, economically, and militarily, while interacting with other states throughout Mesoamerica. Tikal gradually lost both population and influence after 850, and by 950 the city was mostly deserted.

This avatar is the first one I put together for the .Eldritch. mask (info here if you're interested in getting one marketplace.secondlife.com/p/Eldritch-Weald-Mask-Blanched... ) I had so much fun with it I ended up with three white themed avatars. My friend Poppy came around when I was dressing up and wanted to pose with me. At first she was going to be white too but it worked out well that she ended up going black.

 

Blogged here: smileyorc.wordpress.com/2012/04/18/the-light-and-the-dark...

 

Dress: ::: B@R ::: Acure

 

Horns 1: .{Rue}. Horn'd/Chirurgeon: Ghost

 

Horns 2: [europa] Maelus horns (blank)

 

Wings: [europa] Nyxus wings (blank) alpha

 

Eyes: Ibanez -Bastet Prim Eyes - Snow Leopard

 

Jewelry: Evie's Closet - Celebrian Collar + Crown

 

Legs: Violent Seduction - Mesh Faun Leg (Pure)

 

Hair: [ 69 ] AGGY - Light Silver

 

Pose: Glitterati

 

Poppy is wearing hair from Magika, skin from Nuuna and a dress from Illusions.

Elite Mens Race at the Rapha Nocturne in Londons Cheapside circuit