View allAll Photos Tagged nitric
Town gas used to be made by distilling coal. Here we see the banks of tubular retorts containing the coal. They had to be filled and then raked out by hand. They are heated, behind the brick wall, to red-heat by the surrounding hot flue gases of a furnace hand-stoked at the floor below. Gases emitted from the heated coal travel upwards in the black pipes to a header vessel. From there they are purified and finally distributed around the town for lighting and heating.
The coal distillation and purification yielded as eventual by-products, ammonia, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, tar, phenols, soaps, dyestuffs, early plastics and a host of other valuable chemicals. The retort residue is coke used in iron smelting.
Coal gas is now replaced by ‘natural’ gas - methane. We now rely on that and oil for chemicals and plastics.
This town gasworks functioned from 1846 to 1965. It is the only surviving one in England and is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
Fakenham Museum of Gas and Local History, Norfolk.
Town gas used to be made by distilling coal. Here we see the banks of tubular retorts containing the coal. They were filled and then raked out by hand. They were heated, behind the brick wall, to red-heat by the surrounding hot flue gases of a furnace hand-stoked at the floor below. Gases emitted from the heated coal travelled upwards in the pipes to the header vessel at top. From there they were purified and finally distributed around the town for lighting and heating.
The coal distillation and purification yielded as eventual by-products, ammonia, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, tar, phenols, soaps, dyestuffs, early plastics and a host of other valuable chemicals. The retort residue is coke used in iron smelting.
Coal gas is now replaced by ‘natural’ gas - methane. We now rely on that and oil for chemicals and plastics.
This town gasworks functioned from 1846 to 1965. It is the only surviving one in England and is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
Gasworks Album:
www.flickr.com/photos/lesc/albums/72177720302197134
Fakenham Museum of Gas and Local History, Norfolk.
FP4 N+1 in Tanol,
Ware´s New Cyanotype onto COT-320, developer Nitric acid 4 minutes,
Lead acetate toner 30 seconds
Soft ground (vernis mou) on zinc with twigs and dried flowers
etched in nitric acid on hahnemuhle etching paper
Ink Charbonnel etching ink warm sepia
Zero Image 6x9, TMY in Tanol Speed,
New Cyanotype on COT-320,
Nitric acid developer 4 mins, oxidation bath 30 secs, Lead acetate 1% 30 secs.
Loggerhead Sea Turtle at Masirah Island, Oman.
We rescued a stranded Turtle, (after laying eggs) morning of 31 May 2013.
Thank you so much for dropping by my photostream and leaving all the kind comments. They are very much appreciated.
"Being out there in the ocean, God’s creation, it’s like a gift he has given us to enjoy". - Bethany Hamilton
Please read this recent incident in Sri Lanka.
The Singapore-registered X-Press Pearl Cargo vessel had been on fire for two weeks near the port of Colombo. Experts fear hundreds of tones of oil in the ship's tanks could devastate nearby marine life and beaches.
The X-Press Pearl had been carrying 25 tones of nitric acid, along with other chemicals and cosmetics, when it caught fire on 20 May. Many of the ship's 1,486 containers tumbled into the sea before the huge blaze was put out.
Pollution from the ship - including millions of plastic pellets which are the raw material for shopping bags - has already coated stretches of Sri Lanka's western coastline. Greedy current Sri Lankan Government is to blame for this. So far 100 plus Sea Turtle have died. Sadly so much damage to the beautiful beaches in Sri Lanka.
DLF_2881
Polar stratospheric clouds are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 m (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight, when the Sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon, as well as in winter and in more northerly latitudes. One main type of PSC is made up mostly of supercooled droplets of water and nitric acid and is implicated in the formation of ozone holes. The other main type consists only of frozen ice crystals and is not considered harmful. This type of PSC is also referred to as nacreous, from nacre, or mother of pearl, due to its iridescence).
Polar stratospheric clouds are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 m (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight, when the Sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon, as well as in winter and in more northerly latitudes. One main type of PSC is made up mostly of supercooled droplets of water and nitric acid and is implicated in the formation of ozone holes. The other main type consists only of frozen ice crystals and is not considered harmful. This type of PSC is also referred to as nacreous, from nacre, or mother of pearl, due to its iridescence).
Union Pacific's LJL51 local delivers a tank car of nitric acid to Trojan Explosives at the mouth of Spanish Fork Canyon, Utah on Nov. 13, 1999. It was surprising to see no buffer car in use on this delivery of highly corrosive HNO₃.
Soft ground (vernis mou) on zinc with twigs and dried flowers
etched in nitric acid
on hahnemuhle etching paper
Ink Charbonnel etching ink black
Rio Grande GP9s No. 5942 and 5934 depart the main line with a tank car of nitric acid for Trojan Explosives in Spanish Fork, Utah on June 15, 1983.
HP5 in Finol,
Cyanotype onto Hahnemühle Platinum Rag,
Nitric acid 5 mins, wash 5 mins, Hydrogen peroxide oxidation bath 30 secs, wash 4 mins, Lead acetate toner 1+2 2 mins, final wash 10 mins.
Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 m (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight, when the Sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon, as well as in winter and in more northerly latitudes.[1] One main type of PSC is made up mostly of supercooled droplets of water and nitric acid and is implicated in the formation of ozone holes.[2] The other main type consists only of ice crystals which are not harmful. This type of PSC is also referred to as nacreous (/ˈneɪkriəs/, from nacre, or mother of pearl, due to its iridescence).
source: wikipedia
This town gasworks at Fakenham in Norfolk functioned from 1846 to 1965. It is the only surviving one in England and is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
Town gas was made by distilling coal. Here are the banks of tubular retorts containing the coal. They had to be filled and then raked out by hand. They are heated, behind the brick wall, to red-heat by flue gases from a furnace at the floor below. Gases from the heated coal travel upwards in the black pipes to a header vessel. From there they are purified and finally distributed around the town for lighting and heating.
The coal distillation and purification yielded as eventual by-products, ammonia, sulphuric acid, nitric acid, tar, phenols, soaps, dyestuffs, early plastics and a host of other valuable chemicals. The retort residue is coke used in iron smelting.
Fakenham Museum of Gas and Local History, Norfolk.
The Polar Night Nitric Oxide or PolarNOx experiment from Virginia Tech is launched aboard a NASA Black Brant IX sounding rocket at 8:45 a.m. EST, Jan. 27, from the Poker Flat Research Range in Alaska. PolarNOx is measuring nitric oxide in the polar night sky. Nitric oxide in the polar night sky is created by auroras. Under appropriate conditions it can be transported to the stratosphere where it may destroy ozone resulting in possible changes in stratospheric temperature and wind and may even impact the circulation at Earth’s surface.
Credit: NASA/Wallops/Jamie Adkins
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission.
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Pn 57275 (Trnovec nad Váhom - Strážske)
Podrečany
27.10.2019
(SK)
Ešte do roku 2019 sa vcelku pravidelne vyskytovali prepravy nákladov medzi stanicami Trnovec nad Váhom a Strážske, teda medzi materským závodom Duslo Šaľa a jeho pracoviskom v Strážskom, južnou trasou cez Zvolen.
Z Trnovca nad Váhom sa do Strážskeho prepravovali cisterny ložené čpavkom a taktiež prázdne cisterny na nakládku kyseliny dusičnej. No postupne došlo k zmene, a tieto prepravy začali byť vedené severnou trasou, cez Žilinu.
Fotka zachytáva poslednú takúto prepravu, ktorá sa konala cez Zvolen. Následne sa tu objavoval už len jednotlivé vozňové zásielky, či skupiny vozňov.
No fotka je výnimočná aj tým, že vlak ťahali, v tom čase jediné dva prevádzkové rušne rady 752 vo Zvolene, pričom o pár týždňov po tejto preprave došlo k zisteniu závady na 752.020 a k jej následnému odstaveniu.
Odstavený rušeň začal slúžiť ako zdroj náhradných dielov. Istý čas sa preto vo Zvolene objavovala 752.018, ako náhrada za 752.020, avšak tá bola v tak žalostnom technickom stave, že viac času trávila v dielni, než na trati.
Preto 752.041 jazdila viac-menej sama. Neskôr v roku 2021 došlo k presunutiu oboch rušňov zo Zvolena do depa v Plešivci, kde slúžia aj v súčasnosti. A tak sa vo Zvolene momentálne nenachádza už žiaden rušeň rady 751 alebo 752.
Ich výskyt je tu už pomerne zriedkavý a objavujú sa tu už len v rámci skúšobnej prevádzky po vykonaní určitých opráv v RD Zvolen.
(EN)
Until 2019, freight traffic occurred regularly on stations between the Trnovec nad Váhom and Strážske stations, so between the parent plant Duslo Šaľa and its workplace in Strážske, on the southern route through Zvolen.
From Trnovec nad Váhom, ammonia-loaded tanks and also empty nitric acid tanks were transported to Strážske. But gradually there was a change, and these transports began to be led by the northern route, through Žilina.
The photo captures the last such transport, which went through Zvolen. Subsequently, only individual wagon consignments or groups of wagons appeared here.
But the photo is also rare thanks to the train was pulled by the only two 752 locomotives in Zvolen depot at that time, while a few weeks after this transport, a defect was discovered at 752.020 and its subsequent shutdown.
The decommissioned locomotive began to serve as a source of spare parts. For some time, therefore, 752.018 appeared in Zvolen, as a replacement for 752.020, but it was in such a bad technical condition that it spent more time in the workshop than on the track.
Therefore, the 752.041 rode more time alone. Later in 2021, both locomotives were moved from Zvolen to the depot in Plešivec, where they still serve today. And so there is currently no 751 or 752 series locomotive in Zvolen.
Their occurrence is already relatively rare here and they appear here only during the trial operation after certain repairs in the Zvolen depot.
Cyanotype on handmade cotton-rag paper. Paper pre-treated in oxalic acid 3% 10 min to eliminate any basic buffering.
Dig neg.
Jacquard classic sensitizer. Cleared in tap water and citric/nitric acid.
Selective "bone bleach" with diluted sodium carbonate.
Somewhat premature Halloween work... ;-)
Cyanotype Photogram on HPR.
Homemade one part sensitizer ("a la Ware").
Cleared in Nitric Acid. H2O2.
A flower in demand now in graduation times - a rocket launch into the future...
Chi dice che i colori appartengono solo al mare o ai laghi si sbaglia. La luce accarezza anche i fiumi, donando ad essi talvolta contenuti cromatici suggestivi e ricchi di fascino. L’ Adda, in questa foto nel territorio di Villa D’Adda (Bergamo), non è un fiume qualsiasi, la sua storia e la sua geografia sono composte da moltissimi capitoli, ognuno dei quali ha tanto da insegnare. Mentre la sua poesia è tutta da leggere.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Su l'Adda
Corri, tra' rosei fuochi del vespero,
corri, Addua cerulo: Lidia su 'l placido
fiume, e il tenero amore,
al sole occiduo naviga.
Ecco, ed il memore ponte dilungasi:
cede l'aereo de gli archi slancio,
e al liquido s'agguaglia
pian che allargasi e mormora.
Le mura dirute di Lodi fuggono
arrampicandosi nere al declivio
verde e al docile colle.
Addio, storia de gli uomini.
Quando il romuleo marte ed il barbaro
ruggîr ne' ferrei cozzi, e qui vindice
la rabbia di Milano
arse in itali incendii,
tu ancor dal Lario verso l'Eridano
scendevi, o Addua, con desio placido,
con murmure solenne,
giú pe' taciti pascoli.
Quando su 'l dubbio ponte tra i folgori
passava il pallido còrso, recandosi
di due secoli il fato
ne l'esile man giovine,
tu il molto celtico sangue ed il teutono
lavavi, o Addua, via: su le tremule
acque il nitrico fumo
putrido disperdeasi.
Moriano gli ultimi tuon de la folgore
franca ne i concavi seni: volgeasi
da i limpidi lavacri
il bue candido, attonito.
Ov'è or l'aquila di Pompeo? l'aquila
ov'è de l'ispido sir di Soavia
e del pallido còrso?
Tu corri, o Addua cerulo.
Corri tra' rosei fuochi del vespero,
corri, Addua cerulo: Lidia su 'l placido
fiume, e il tenero amore,
al sole occiduo naviga.
Giosuè Carducci
The special coloring of the clouds is related to the low water vapor content in the stratosphere. This causes the clouds in the stratosphere to have a different composition. Namely from crystals of sulfuric acid or nitric acid. A diffraction of sunlight occurs in these crystals.
This triggers what is known as iridescence - i.e. shimmering in different colors. Die besondere Färbung der Wolken hängt mit dem geringen Wasserdampfgehalt in der Stratosphäre zusammen. Dies führt dazu, dass sich die Wolken in der Stratosphäre anders zusammensetzen. Nämlich aus Kristallen von Schwefelsäure oder Salpetersäure. In diesen Kristallen entsteht eine Beugung des Sonnenlichts.
Dies löst damit ein sogenanntes Irisieren aus - also das schimmern in verschiedenen Farben.
Cyanotype Photogram on HPR.
July 14, 2022.
Home made one part sensitizer (Ware).
Cleared in Nitric Acid. H2O2 for instant gratification...
Untoned.
PS borders.
PS: The small feather is a leftover from Selma's latest lunch. Bad kitty! ;-) The large feather is from a Magpie (still alive, as far as I know...).
The special coloring of the clouds is related to the low water vapor content in the stratosphere. This causes the clouds in the stratosphere to have a different composition. Namely from crystals of sulfuric acid or nitric acid. A diffraction of sunlight occurs in these crystals.
This triggers what is known as iridescence - i.e. shimmering in different colors. Die besondere Färbung der Wolken hängt mit dem geringen Wasserdampfgehalt in der Stratosphäre zusammen. Dies führt dazu, dass sich die Wolken in der Stratosphäre anders zusammensetzen. Nämlich aus Kristallen von Schwefelsäure oder Salpetersäure. In diesen Kristallen entsteht eine Beugung des Sonnenlichts.
Dies löst damit ein sogenanntes Irisieren aus - also das schimmern in verschiedenen Farben.
Efke IR820 in Eco film developer.
Classic Cyanotype on Hahnemühle Platinum Rag,
developer Nitric acid,
oxidation bath Hydrogen peroxide,
Lead acetate (1,75 % solution) 40 seconds.
Négombo (Sri Lanka) - La plage située proximité de l’entrée du chenal qui mène au port de pêche de Négombo, était une véritable poissonnerie à ciel ouvert. De nombreuses petites embarcations venaient déposer le produit de leur pêche. Mais le 20 mai 2021, c’est la catastrophe écologique. Le navire, le MV X-Press Pearl, prend feu en face de la plage. Il transportait 1 486 conteneurs. Quatre-vingt-un d’entre eux étaient chargés de marchandises dangereuses, dont 25 tonnes d’acide nitrique. Parmi les marchandises figuraient également 78 tonnes de granulés de polyéthylène destiné à l’industrie de l’emballage. Cette catastrophe environnementale dont la partie la plus visible était la présence de billes de plastique, a souillé 80 kilomètres de littoral.
Cette photo ci-dessus a été prise en 2014, bien avant la catastrophe écologique. Aujourd’hui encore, il est difficile de savoir sir cette pollution a toujours des conséquence sur la santé publique ?
Before the pollution
Negombo (Sri Lanka) - The beach located near the entrance to the channel leading to the fishing port of Negombo was a real open-air fish market. Many small boats came to deposit the product of their fishing. But on May 20, 2021, there was an ecological disaster. The ship, the MV X-Press Pearl, caught fire in front of the beach. It was carrying 1,486 containers. Eighty-one of them were loaded with dangerous goods, including 25 tons of nitric acid. Among the goods were also 78 tons of polyethylene granules intended for the packaging industry. This environmental disaster polluted 80 kilometers of coastline, the most visible part of which was the presence of plastic beads.
This photo above was taken in 2014, well before the ecological disaster. Even today, it is difficult to know if this pollution still has consequences on public health?
#srilanka #negombo #fishermen #nikon #people #ecology #environnement
Rio Grande GP9s No. 5934 and 5942 pull a load of nitric acid along the Gomex spur in Spanish Fork, Utah on June 15, 1983. The short spur to the Trojan plant was named for Gold Medal Explosives.
Cyanotype on HPR.
Dig neg.
Ware's one part sensitizer.
Cleared in nitric acid (HNO3) 1%, slightly bleached in Sodium Carbonate and toned in Moersch Lead Acetate 1+1.
Lightning is hitting Orica, which manufactures ammonia, nitric acid and ammonium nitrate. Just find that nice:)
La costruzione del castello fu avviata nel 1883 con l'innalzamento della torre guelfa e della palazzina sottostante, poi ampliata in due successive fasi, ed ebbe termine nel 1899, anno della morte di Federico, con il completamento della grande galleria dove il nobile intendeva esporre i suoi dipinti. L'edificio fu progettato da Giuseppe Maffei sfruttando il tema dell'estetica della rovina: false murature sbrecciate trattate con acido nitrico, finti colonnati ed architravi, allo scopo di richiamare gli antichi templi di Paestum e chiari riferimenti esoterici alla massoneria. L'arco di accesso al castello riproduce quello della città di Volterra; qui campeggiano le teste di tre valligiane con una stella a cinque punte tra i capelli. Altre false rovine di Paestum ed uno dei due orsi scolpiti in pietra locale, collocati intorno al laghetto del giardino, furono portati via da una piena del torrente Pragnetta nel maggio 1916; i resti sono oggi conservati presso la fontana della Valligiana nel parco comunale. Fonte: Wikipedia
Cyanotype on HPR.
Dig neg. June 19, 2021.
Ware's one part "new" sensitizer, one layer.
"Developed" in tap water and Nitric Acid.
Moderately bleached in Sodium Carbonate and toned in Lead Acetate (1+1, 2 min).
Selma and Lucifer on Neighborhood watch duty :-)
Rio Grande's No. 666 local delivers a tank car of nitric acid bound for Trojan Explosives in Spanish Fork, Utah on June 15, 1983.
Scanned cyanotype.
Dig neg, from the mid 2000's, I guess from the size of my children. A walk out to Bonäs brygga and views to the "see"... (Vänern).
Mike Ware's "new" cyanotype sensitizer.
Printed on Saunders Waterford CP, developed in nitric acid and "quick aged" with hydrogen peroxide.
Toned in Lead Acetate, Moersch (1+1). May 24, 2021.
PS borders.
Where do you think you're going, don't you know it's dark outside?
Where do you think you're going,
don't you care about my pride? /Dire Straits
Obviously not ;-)
My children are grown up now, the youngest 21, the oldest 30. Hopefully they'll end up in a place they think is good.
Simon, Jesper and Lovisa, I believe in you and wish you all the best in the future :-)) / pappa
Il Castello, Alta Valle Cervo, Piemonte, Italia. La costruzione del castello fu avviata nel 1883 con l'innalzamento della torre guelfa e della palazzina sottostante, poi ampliata in due successive fasi, ed ebbe termine nel 1899, anno della morte di Federico, con il completamento della grande galleria dove il nobile intendeva esporre i suoi dipinti. L'edificio fu progettato da Giuseppe Maffei sfruttando il tema dell'estetica della rovina: false murature sbrecciate trattate con acido nitrico, finti colonnati ed architravi, allo scopo di richiamare gli antichi templi di Paestum e chiari riferimenti esoterici alla massoneria. L'arco di accesso al castello riproduce quello della città di Volterra; qui campeggiano le teste di tre valligiane con una stella a cinque punte tra i capelli. Altre false rovine di Paestum ed uno dei due orsi scolpiti in pietra locale, collocati intorno al laghetto del giardino, furono portati via da una piena del torrente Pragnetta nel maggio 1916; i resti sono oggi conservati presso la fontana della Valligiana nel parco comunale. Fonte: Wikipedia
Polar stratospheric clouds or PSCs, also known as nacreous clouds (/ˈneɪkriːəs/, from nacre, or mother of pearl, due to its iridescence), are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 meters (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight when the sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon. They are implicated in the formation of ozone holes. The effects on ozone depletion arise because they support chemical reactions that produce active chlorine which catalyzes ozone destruction, and also because they remove gaseous nitric acid, perturbing nitrogen and chlorine cycles in a way which increases ozone destruction.
Rio Grande GP9s No. 5934 and 5942 set out a tank car of nitric acid at Trojan Explosives in Spanish Fork, Utah. Conductor Neal Thorpe directs the procedure as D&RGW train No. 666 makes a switch move on the Gomex Spur, named for the original tenant, Gold Medal Explosives. June 15, 1983
Nacreous clouds or PSCs (polar stratospheric clouds) are 9 - 16 miles high, well above ordinary tropospheric ones. In a rare display over England these ones blazed bright in the late twilight, lit by the remaining high altitude sunlight. At lower left is a bank of much lower 'ordinary' tropospheric cloud.
The brightly coloured clouds are tiny ice crystals that diffract light to give their colour. They are embedded in less bright clouds containing nitric and nitrous acid droplets - these ones destroy stratospheric ozone. www.atoptics.co.uk/highsky/nacr1.htm
Il Castello, dimora di Federico Rosazza Pistolet, realizzato da Giuseppe Maffei (1883-1899). La costruzione del castello fu avviata con l'innalzamento della torre guelfa e della palazzina sottostante, poi ampliata in due successive fasi, ed ebbe termine nel 1899, anno della morte di Federico, con il completamento della grande galleria dove il nobile intendeva esporre i suoi dipinti. L'edificio fu progettato da Giuseppe Maffei sfruttando il tema dell'estetica della rovina: false murature sbrecciate trattate con acido nitrico, finti colonnati ed architravi, allo scopo di richiamare gli antichi templi di Paestum e chiari riferimenti esoterici alla massoneria. False rovine di Paestum ed uno dei due orsi scolpiti in pietra locale, collocati intorno al laghetto del giardino, furono portati via da una piena del torrente Pragnetta nel maggio 1916; i resti sono oggi conservati presso la fontana della Valligiana nel parco comunale. Fonte: Wikipedia
For at least 3 weeks now, I haven't been out far enough to get some photos...With it being a Saturday, I thought I would go down and see what was on 6C24...I had checked before coming outside to see where it was at and it was at Carlisle Currock Jcn 12E...I rushed up to Netherton bridge...but It must have waited at Wigton to let the train in front (156469) to get out of the block at Maryport.
Direct Rail Services Class 20 locomotives; 20312+20305 approach Netherton Railway Bridge, Maryport on 6C24 Carlisle Yard - Sellafield BNFL with two Nitric Acid Wagons.
www.flickr.com/explore/2024/073/13 ⍟ 33 ⍟
For the first time in over a decade, Macy’s 4th of July Fireworks moved to the west side of Manhattan, launching from 5 barges along the Hudson River. (For the past 9 years, the Macy’s 4th of July Fireworks launched out of the East River.) The display featured more than 60,000 shells that reached more than 1,000 feet into the sky, the largest number yet for what's dubbed the largest such display in the country.
Unfortunately, we were in the downwind position , about 1/3 of the firework display was shrouded in thick smoke.
I'm glad we were about 5 miles away, for Nitrogen and sulfur, used to create color and special effects, can combine with oxygen to form nitric and sulfuric acids which are very hard on the lungs. Definitely do not envy those who watching the show from the nearby cruiseships and boats! 😊
Thank you for your visit; wishing you a super nice weekend! 💖🙏
My first trials in etching under the guidance and with the help of my highly esteemed friend, colleque and teacher Burkhard Pyroth.
LaRoche Industries Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), was an international diversified producer and distributor of inorganic and organic chemicals and once operated six production facilities throughout the United States.
The Company was formed in a 1986 management buyout of the nitrogen, mixed fertilizers and retail business operations of United States Steel Corporation ("USX"), followed by a 1988 acquisition of certain chemical production operations of Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation ("Kaiser").
LaRoche didn't last long. By the 1990s it was entering bankruptcy and by 2000, this property in Festus, MO - a producer of blasting grade ammonium nitrate, nitrogen, and nitric acid - among other dangerous and volatile compounds, was sold to the nearby cement plant.
Nearby residents suffered for decades from the pollution and danger of the plant. As one resident noted: "I went to middle school very near here, when the plant was still active. In fact, we had to do drills where everyone would go to the cafeteria and seal the doors and windows with plastic and duct tape in case of a chemical leak at the plant. I hadn't thought about this place in years."
Merry Christmas, processed Christmas morning 2023. The sky is still very dark 7.53AM but generally it is too cloudy to be seeing these High Flying Super Clouds today.
Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 m (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight, when the Sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon, as well as in winter and in more northerly latitudes.[1] One main type of PSC is made up mostly of supercooled droplets of water and nitric acid and is implicated in the formation of ozone holes.[2] The other main type consists only of ice crystals which are not harmful. This type of PSC is also referred to as nacreous (/ˈneɪkriəs/, from nacre, or mother of pearl, due to its iridescence).
Formation
Polar stratospheric clouds over Western Norway
The stratosphere is very dry; unlike the troposphere, it rarely allows clouds to form. In the extreme cold of the polar winter, however, stratospheric clouds of different types may form, which are classified according to their physical state (super-cooled liquid or ice) and chemical composition.[3]
Due to their high altitude and the curvature of the surface of the Earth, these clouds will receive sunlight from below the horizon and reflect it to the ground, shining brightly well before dawn or after dusk.
PSCs form at very low temperatures, below −78 °C (−108 °F). These temperatures can occur in the lower stratosphere in polar winter. In the Antarctic, temperatures below −88 °C (−126 °F) frequently cause type II PSCs. Such low temperatures are rarer in the Arctic. In the Northern hemisphere, the generation of lee waves by mountains may locally cool the lower stratosphere and lead to the formation of lenticular (lens-shaped) PSCs.
Polar stratospheric cloud in Elverum, Norway.
Forward scattering of sunlight within the clouds produces a pearly-white appearance. Particles within the optically thin clouds cause colored interference fringes by diffraction. The visibility of the colors may be enhanced with a polarising filter.[1][4]
Il nome Rosazza ha origine da “RUA” (roggia), più specificatamente da “RUSASCIA” il torrente (che oggi si chiama Pragnetta), che scorre ai piedi del Borgo unitamente al Cervo. Alla confluenza dei due corsi d’acqua si trova il paese, inno ai due elementi costantemente abbinati: l’acqua e la pietra. Rosazza non è definibile come il “classico paese montano”, ma la sua bellezza, particolare ed unica nella Valle, è dovuta alla realizzazione di un singolare progetto architettonico del suo più illustre e visionario cittadino: Federico Rosazza Pistolet, il quale nella seconda metà dell’ 800 intervenne finanziando la costruzione di edifici ed infrastrutture. In queste opere si riscontrano numerosi elementi e simboli legati alla massoneria e all’occultismo, interessi che il filantropo e politico italiano condivideva con un suo grande amico, il pittore e architetto Giuseppe Maffei, originario di Graglia (altro piccolo comune in provincia di Biella), che fu elemento importantissimo per la realizzazione delle opere nel paese.
Il visitatore si trova dunque di fronte ad una architettura dal richiamo medioevale, a merlature guelfe, a finte rovine il tutto costantemente arricchito da simbologie esoteriche e dell’occulto. La simbologia massonica e l’esoterismo che permeano le vie e le piazze sono valse al piccolo comune biellese la nomea di “Comune più misterioso d’Italia“.
Rosazza, con le sue opere è anche la dimostrazione tangibile dl lavoro dei capaci scalpellini che si fecero apprezzare in Italia ed in tutto il mondo esportando non solo la materia prima (la sienite, estratta in loco), ma le loro capacità artistiche.
FEDERICO ROSAZZA PISTOLET Senatore del Regno (1813-1899), filantropo, Gran Maestro Venerabile della massoneria biellese, laureato in giurisprudenza, strinse amicizia con Giuseppe Mazzini che lo portò ad aderire alla Giovine Italia. Con la costruzione di varie opere contribuì allo sviluppo economico dell’area montana.
Fonte: borghipiubelliditalia.it/
La costruzione del castello fu avviata nel 1883 con l'innalzamento della torre guelfa e della palazzina sottostante, poi ampliata in due successive fasi, ed ebbe termine nel 1899, anno della morte di Federico, con il completamento della grande galleria dove il nobile intendeva esporre i suoi dipinti. L'edificio fu progettato da Giuseppe Maffei sfruttando il tema dell'estetica della rovina: false murature sbrecciate trattate con acido nitrico, finti colonnati ed architravi, allo scopo di richiamare gli antichi templi di Paestum e chiari riferimenti esoterici alla massoneria. L'arco di accesso al castello riproduce quello della città di Volterra; qui campeggiano le teste di tre valligiane con una stella a cinque punte tra i capelli. Altre false rovine di Paestum ed uno dei due orsi scolpiti in pietra locale, collocati intorno al laghetto del giardino, furono portati via da una piena del torrente Pragnetta nel maggio 1916; i resti sono oggi conservati presso la fontana della Valligiana nel parco comunale. Fonte: Wikipedia
Polar stratospheric clouds are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 meters (49,000–82,000 ft). They are best observed during civil twilight when the sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon as well as in winter and in more northerly latitudes. The effects on ozone depletion arise because they support chemical reactions that produce active chlorine which catalyzes ozone destruction, and also because they remove gaseous nitric acid, perturbing nitrogen and chlorine cycles in a way which increases ozone destruction.
Picture taken at Sverresborg, Trondheim, Norway
A NASA sounding rocket campaign during January through March 2017, at the Poker Flat Research Range in Alaska will support the effort to better understand the space that surrounds Earth – key situational awareness needed as humans seek to explore beyond our home planet.
Three missions, including five separate launches, explore the Earth's magnetic environment and its impact on Earth’s upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Each of the three missions expands our understanding of near-Earth space, including new information about the composition of the atmosphere, as well as processes behind how the sun, solar winds, and Earth's magnetosphere affect auroras. Such research helps create a robust, detailed understanding of the dynamic low Earth orbit environment in which our spacecraft and astronauts travel.
The 2017 Alaska sounding rocket campaign begins in late January with the launch of a mission called Polar Night Nitric Oxide or PolarNOx to study Earth’s atmosphere in the polar region.
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