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EXPLORE, EXPERIENCE AND WONDER
Activities to stimulate, inspire and amuse your little grey cells....
Art and Science on the Brain
Wonder Street Fair 7-9 April 2013
Barbican Centre, London
Festival of Neuroscience - BNA 2013
A unique experience with outstanding speakers presenting the latest developments in research into the brain and CNS organised by British Neuroscience Association and supported by Wellcome Trust
In Naked Knotted Neurons, a group of protesters, some injured, some choking on tear gas, escape violent confrontation with police and other forces by staggering into a safe house they find in the midst of chaos. Strangers to one another, they soon discover they are from different worlds: all were involved in protests, but in different places and times. A trio of dieties, Fate, Chance and Destiny, have gathered them together to charge them with a task: to create a new Hero to solve the world’s most intractable, knotted problems. How to get this message across? Puppets, riddles, and audience participation reveal the secrets the protesters need to fulfill this task.
Following their run at the International Fringe Festival in Edinburgh, Scotland, the Penn Theatre Ensemble presented the company-devised piece Naked Knotted Neurons at Annenberg Center Live on September 4th and 5th, 2015.
Testing Ankyrin-G (which goes to axon initial segment, pseudocolored to blue) with one of my GFP constructs (the green is transfection here) and Hoechst (pseudocolored to red, highlighting cell nuclei)
Leica DMRE 40x
Presynaptic microtubules (green) and postsynaptic actins (red) at neuromuscular junction 4. The neuron surface is shown in blue. Credit: Q. Wang and M. Serpe, NICHD
(1)
Connectome
In their words:
"A connectome is a synapse-resolution mapping of connections between
all neurons in a model organism's brain. In other words, a
synapse-resolution circuit diagram of the brain. Current approaches to
mapping the connectomes of model organisms employ serial block face
scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM). The only connectome that has been mapped out to date
has been from the flatworm, C. elegans, which has only around 300
neurons."
(2)
ConnectomeViewer
In their words:
"The field of Connectomics research benefits from recent advances in
structural neuroimaging technologies on all spatial scales. The need
for software tools to visualize and analyse the emerging data is
urgent. ... The Connectome Viewer application was developed to meet
the needs of basic and clinical neuroscientists, as well as complex
network scientists, providing an integrative, extensible platform to
visualize and analyze Connectomics data.With the Connectome File
Format, interlinking different datatypes such as networks, surface
data, and volumetric data is easy and might provide new ways of
analyzing and interacting with data."
In addition to the viewer, this site also provides quite a variety of
that can be used to test different features and functions.
(3)
Human Connectome Project
In their words:
"The HCP will map the human connectome as accurately as possible in a
large number of normal adults and will make this data freely available
to the scientific community using a powerful, user-friendly
informatics platform."
"Successful charting of the human connectome in normal adults will be
enormously informative. Even more importantly, it will pave the way
for studies that reveal how brain circuitry changes during development
and aging and how it differs in numerous neurological and psychiatric
disorders. In short, it will transform our understanding of the human
brain in health and disease."
(4)
BrainMaps
In their words:
"Brain atlases have traditionally been one resolution and
non-interactive. The next-generation brain atlas is multiresolution,
highly interactive, and fully integrated with the latest research
literature. This is BrainMaps.org, a complete online brain atlas
founded on the principle that a brain atlas is a dynamic, interactive,
multiresolution research and didactic tool that facilitates brain
exploration and knowledge discovery."
As if that isn't enough, BrainMaps also has an API for
developers and and open source /
OpenGL-based 3D
viewer!
(5)
BrainMeta
In their words:
"BrainMeta was established for the purpose of accelerating the
development of neuroscience through web-based initiatives, which
include the development, implementation and support of a wide range of
neuroinformatics tools, services, and databases."
(6)
Allen Institute for Brain Science: Brain Atlas
In their words:
"A growing collection of online public resources integrating extensive
gene expression and neuroanatomical data, complete with a novel suite
of search and viewing tools."
(7)
Brain Museum: Comparative Mammalian Brain Collections
www.brainmuseum.org/index.html
In their words:
"This web site provides browsers with images and information from one
of the world's largest collection of well-preserved, sectioned and
stained brains of mammals. Viewers can see and download photographs of
brains of over 100 different species of mammals (including humans)
representing over 20 Mammalian Orders."
(8)
MSU: Brain Biodiversity Bank
www.msu.edu/~brains/index.html
In their words:
"The Brain Biodiversity Bank refers to the repository of images of and
information about brain specimens contained in the collections
associated with the National Museum of Health and Medicine at the
Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in Washington, DC. These
collections include, besides the Michigan State University Collection,
the Welker Collection from the University of Wisconsin, the
Yakovlev-Haleem Collection from Harvard University, the Meyer
Collection from the Johns Hopkins University, and the Huber-Crosby and
Crosby-Lauer Collections from the University of Michigan.
Our purpose here is to provide some examples of ways in which images
and information from the Collections, in digital format, can be used
in educational, research and commercial enterprises. Millions of
beautifully stained sections from hundreds of different brains,
assembled in many locations over the past century can be made
available for a broad variety of purposes."
Want more pics?
Wikipedia: List of neuroscience databases
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_neuroscience_databases
Want more neuro imaging software?
UCLA: Laboratory of Neuro-Imaging
Neurons and astrocytes isolated from rat hippocampus stained for DNA (blue), neuronal-specific βIII-tubulin (green) and astrocyte-specific GFAP (red).
Neurobiology
DISTINCTION FOR CATEGORY 4
Copyright: CC-BY-NC-ND: Rajib Schubert
Description of the author:
Here we are looking into a live awake mouse's brain while it is listening to music. As the music plays, the neurons labelled in green and red with a genetically encoded calcium sensor get activated which allows us to visualise the dance they do as they process the audio input via flashes of electrical activity. This ballad is not only aesthetically pleasing but also very informative as we see how neural processing occurs in real time with a tangible stimulus which we can relate to deep inside.
Comment of the Jury:
A distinction goes to the video “Ballade of the neurons”. The video enables an amazing glimpse into the brain of a mouse as it hears music. Neural processes are shown in real time. “You see the message being transmitted, and you want to know what the message is”, wrote the Jury.
Kommentar der Jury:
Eine Auszeichnung erhält das Video «Neuronenballade». Das Video ermöglicht einen überraschenden Blick in das Gehirn einer Maus, während sie Musik hört. Es zeigt die neuronalen Prozesse in Echtzeit. «Man sieht die Botschaft, die übertragen wird und möchte wissen, was die Botschaft ist», schreibt dazu die Jury.
Commentaire du jury:
La vidéo « Balade neuronale » a reçu une mention. Ce film offre un aperçu étonnant de ce qui se passe dans le cerveau d’une souris qui écoute de la musique. Il montre les processus neuronaux en temps réel. « On voit le message transmis et on voudrait connaître son contenu », commente le jury.
In Naked Knotted Neurons, a group of protesters, some injured, some choking on tear gas, escape violent confrontation with police and other forces by staggering into a safe house they find in the midst of chaos. Strangers to one another, they soon discover they are from different worlds: all were involved in protests, but in different places and times. A trio of dieties, Fate, Chance and Destiny, have gathered them together to charge them with a task: to create a new Hero to solve the world’s most intractable, knotted problems. How to get this message across? Puppets, riddles, and audience participation reveal the secrets the protesters need to fulfill this task.
Following their run at the International Fringe Festival in Edinburgh, Scotland, the Penn Theatre Ensemble presented the company-devised piece Naked Knotted Neurons at Annenberg Center Live on September 4th and 5th, 2015.
Salk #researchers and #collaborators have achieved critical insight into the size of #neural connections, putting the #memory capacity of the #brain far higher than common estimates. The new work also answers a longstanding question as to how the brain is so energy efficient and could help #engineers build #computers that are incredibly powerful but also #conserve #energy .
"This is a real bombshell in the field of #neuroscience," says Terry Sejnowski, Salk professor and co-senior author of the paper, which was published in eLife. "We discovered the key to unlocking the design principle for how #hippocampal #neurons function with low energy but high computation power. Our new measurements of the brain's memory capacity increase conservative estimates by a factor of 10 to at least a #petabyte, in the same ballpark as the #World #Wide #Web ."
Our memories and thoughts are the result of patterns of #electrical and #chemical activity in the brain. A key part of the activity happens when branches of neurons, much like electrical wire, interact at certain junctions, known as synapses. An output 'wire' (an axon) from one neuron connects to an input 'wire' (a dendrite) of a second neuron. Signals travel across the synapse as chemicals called neurotransmitters to tell the receiving neuron whether to convey an electrical signal to other neurons. Each neuron can have thousands of these synapses with thousands of other neurons.
Painting by Machiko Edmondson. Armory Week 2009. Art Comments coverage at www.artcomments.com. New York, NY
The head houses the brain, a collection of about 950,000 neurons. These neurons are specialized, and they communicate with specific neighboring neurons. This division of tasks is part of why a bee's brain, which is a fraction of the size of the bee's head, can perform complex tasks that might ordinarily require a bigger brain. A system of nerves allows the brain to communicate with the rest of the body.
On its head, a bee has two sensory antennae. It also has five eyes -- three simple eyes, or ocelli, and two compound eyes. The compound eyes are made of lots of small, repeating eye parts called ommatidia. In each compound eye, about 150 ommatidia specialize in seeing patterns. This allows bees to detect polarized light -- something human beings cannot do.
Like most insects, a bee has complex mouth parts that it uses to eat and drink. The sizes and shapes of these parts can vary from species to species, but in general, most have:
Paired mandibles, or jaws
A glossa, or tongue
A labrum and two maxillae
The labrum and maxillae are like lips. They support a proboscis, or tube for collecting nectar.
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Neural Stimulation Research. hiPSC derived neurons forming networks InVitro allows drug screening of known phenotypes. The plasticity of aligning cells combined with an electronic MIMO interface provides an environment for the study of novel cybernetic interactions.
The Calhoun School's project for Sunday, June 26.
"Most of the activities that create the neuron connections in brains which lead to higher-level academic research and achievement are things that require time and space and experiential education" - Steven J. Nelson, Calhoun’s head of school, speaking to the NY Times about the school's schedule.
Entry in category 4. Video loop; © CC-BY-NC-ND: Mathieu Niquille
Capturing this video in living mouse brain tissue, we stole few intimate minutes of the neuronal migration choreography. The high resolution allows us to appreciate the beauty of their inner dance. How often thousands of hidden and infinitely small phenomena are the anonymous ground of what we agree to call “perfection” is, to me, a drive to stay humble regarding our contribution to science.
Here we looked at the endogenously fluorescent sensing units of interneurons during their journey through the developing brain. Images were acquired every two minutes along 1h20 using the resonant mode of a Nikon A1 confocal microscope through a 60x oil-immersion objective and with a 3x digital zoom. The field of view is 70x60µm and the raw gray scale pictures were turned into REDhot color coding.
Foundations of the Neuron Doctrine
(History of Neuroscience) by Gordon M. Shepherd
Out of their Minds: The Lives and Discoveries of 15 Great Computer Scientists by Dennis Shasha and Cathy Lazere
i102106 147
In Naked Knotted Neurons, a group of protesters, some injured, some choking on tear gas, escape violent confrontation with police and other forces by staggering into a safe house they find in the midst of chaos. Strangers to one another, they soon discover they are from different worlds: all were involved in protests, but in different places and times. A trio of dieties, Fate, Chance and Destiny, have gathered them together to charge them with a task: to create a new Hero to solve the world’s most intractable, knotted problems. How to get this message across? Puppets, riddles, and audience participation reveal the secrets the protesters need to fulfill this task.
Following their run at the International Fringe Festival in Edinburgh, Scotland, the Penn Theatre Ensemble presented the company-devised piece Naked Knotted Neurons at Annenberg Center Live on September 4th and 5th, 2015.
I finished sock #1 this morning. Can I knit an entire knee-high sock, and put the finishing touches on the pattern, in 9 days? We'll see.
*deep in the cerebral cortex of our brains live 30 billion neurons who communicate with each other shaping our thoughts. Most are compatible, cooperative and will allow to be dominated by reason. Deep in the recesses of the brain, not much known about them live the "dark" one's, the ones we may not know or want to acknowledge their existence. They are dormant and may stay so throughout our entire lives. But beware of hate, for when out of control, in no time it will awaken the dark one's, inflaming and contaminating all the good neutrons, making murder a most likely result.
Stefan Krikl, 2005; from my diaries
p.s. best viewed on black for effect.