motorcycle_accessories photos on Flickr

This is Snow Hill as it was in 1959, a street of run down buildings. The pale fronted ones were originally houses and they are very early Victorian or even late Georgian. I would guess the odd brick building is a new front grafted on to 'update' a similar building to its neighbours it is dated 1904 therefore as 69-70 Yardley's (Birmingham's Premier Music Store) it is, at least from the front, Edwardian.

Percival Bros. & Webb (71) were a motorcycle accessory shop, obviously closed, I wonder if the Morris pick-up was collecting stock which David Tye Ltd had bought.

72 was David Marsh (Birmingham's Modern Tailor) also closed down, 73 Ray & Breeze was a café, then 74 was a television and radio shop, previously the shop was known as The Cider Shop. Number 75 was H Lesser it was actually Isaac Lesser, listed as a tailor. The final shop in the block was 76 Greasley-Norton, listed as a confectioner but they have branched out as a Café.

The single storey building is at the front of Snow Hill Wharf and it seems to have a row of petrol pumps, it was quite common to serve petrol with the hoses stretched across a pavement until the 1970's, particularly in towns where shop premises had been turned into small garages.

The cars are a real mixed, the first is the most moth-eaten Hillman Minx* I have ever seen, it is an extremely rare convertible but the rear wings and cills are ragged and full of holes, the bonnet has a big dent and the hood is tatty. Behind the Minx is a Ford Consul, then a very shiny new Vauxhall Cresta and lastly an Austin A95.

*It is worth remembering that this model Hillman Minx in saloon form was new in 1949 therefore this car could not be older than 10 years. Today a 10 or even 20 year old rust free car is commonplace.

Unknown Photographer 12/05/1959

Collection Geoff Dowling

BMW æRR 2015 Road Eagle by Elena Regina

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L2.05W0.82H1.14M120 • Cₓ0.2 • 0.5MW, 3,156Nm @12kHz, η>99%

EVBM18kg Li₂O₂ 40M୧ 720MJ • 679kph • 0-100kph→0.5s 5.665g₀

If you rode the rest of your life and really became the best that you could be, you would never ride like l ride.

S.S. LaBeouf in W.O. Stone 2010: WS: Money never sleeps.

Cfr. notes (1-18) over the above image.

NOTES

1. Windscreen-integrated MR-HUD + 3D holographic dashboard. 2. C-ABS, AWTVS, s-ϑ-v sensors on front & rear wheels. 3. Öhlins FGR300 Carbon ⌀60×S130 mm AS front fork. 4. 355mm T5 CCTi front brake vented discs. 5. Brembo GP5 front brake 4-piston fixed calipers. 6. 220mm T5 CCTi rear brake vented disc @ dx side. 7. Brembo GP5 rear brake 2-piston fixed caliper @ dx side. 8. BST GP Tek front + rear wheels (1.7+2.4 Kg). 9. 120/60ZR17 front tire. 10. 200/55ZR17 rear tire. 11. 525 17/46 drive chain. 12. 66.4° steering head angle. 13. 200° front/rear cameras. 14. Öhlins Carbon BDB50 S117mm AS rear shock absorber. 15. AWARHD. 16. M winglets provide 160N @300kph. 17. ϑ°ₘₐₓ 70°. 18. Lateral battery packs with the additional function of gyroscopic stabilizers.

Pₘₐₓ = Fₓ v = 2⁻¹ Cₓ A ρ vₘₐₓ³ → vₘₐₓ = ∛(2Pₘₐₓ Cₓ⁻¹ A⁻¹ ρ⁻¹) ≅ 678.6 km/h (A, frontal area ≅ 0.5 m²). Actual performance would depend on various factors, including aerodynamics, traction, and mechanical limitations. In this simplified model, v primarily depends on P and Cₓ rather than on M, and vₘₐₓ remains the same even with a slightly higher OA M.

REFERENCES

D.A. Vincenzi & al. 2024: Human factors in simulation & training.

M. Ghafarian & al. 2023: Dynamic Vehicular Motion Simulators.

B. González-Arcos & P.J. Gamez-Montero 2023: MotoGP airflow redirectors.

K. Wiński & A. Piechna 2022: Sport motorcycle CFD.

E. Frœse & al. 1985: Le parc (Street Hawk OST).

D. Byrne & al. 1983: This must be the place.

K. Gamble & al. 1973: For the love of money.

ÆM · EGP 2019 · 無限神電八 2019 TT0 · LS218 2013 · ZM DSR-BF

BMW ÆM 2017 · DUCATI V21L · MOTOROiD 2017 · I/MI-B · TF · SA

Stark Varg SM 2025

red vespa by Martina-craftyna

15 6

in my shop. via profile.

Underwater Bank & Money Transfer - 1 by Eric T

25 4

Underwater Bank & Money Transfer

Eurobricks The Underwater Version Contest

1st Place

The LEGO City Bank, after submerged in the widened ocean, remained its glory at the beautiful Coral Reef. Rogue Aquanauts once used the vault inside the bank for their stolen crystals. Naval mines were set for defense. Mysteriously, they were all vanished. It was rumored that they were all killed by a giant sea creature.

Two Aqua Scavengers headed to the Coral Reef in search for crystals left in the vault. But they didn't think of what was protecting the bank.

It was the Money Transport Truck! With a gigantic Hermit Crab used it as its shell.

Set includes 4 minifigures, 3 vehicles, bank, safe, crowbar and crystals.

Includes 4 minifigures: 2 Aqua Scavengers, dead robber and money transport agent

Features 3 vehicles: money transport truck (with a monstrous hermit crab), broken police car and motorcycle

Accessories include crowbar, safe, furniture, flower vases, laser cutter, harpoon and crystals

Play inside the two floors of the bank

Handsome German biker in PRX-7 leather. Gorgeous smile and what a charisma he has. by Ole Poulsen II

22 7

This gorgeous biker is wearing a PRX-7 Probiker leather suit. It's from the German Louis chain of stores for bikers, clothing, helmet, leirure and motorcycle equipment. They call themself "Europe’s No.1 for motorcycle accessories"

They don't make this brand anymore anymore. It was their own brand, reasonably priced, and it fit the guys damn well, accentuating their bodies, especially their butt.

Shot him at the Fischereihafen Rennen (Fishing Port Race) Bremerhaven May 2015

Pruno by Tony Donaldson

17 11

from an ad shoot I did for a motorcycle accessory company. Used an 8x overhead and a fair amount of Lumedyne lighting in and out of the car in one of the dirtiest places I've ever worked.

50s COOL SAFETY GLASSES Vintage Titmus Industrial Blue Collar Metal Mesh Side Shield Safety Eye Glasses with Adjustable Horn Rimmed Frame by Aces Finds Vintage

10 2

♠ TRUE VINTAGE MADE BY TITMUS IN THE USA IN THE 1950S OR 1960S

♠ VERY STURDY AND WELL MADE

♠ HEAVY WEIGHT PLASTIC ADJUSTABLE FRAMES

♠ CLEAR NON PRESCRIPTION GLASS!

♠ FABULOUS SIDE SHIELDS

♠ COLOR OF THE FRAMES IS DEEP DARK GREY GREEN

♠ GOOD SOLID CONDITION GLASS LENS HAS LIGHT PAINT SPLATTERS

♠ SIZE MARKED ON EARPIECE: 4 3/4 X 6

♠ MEASURES ACROSS THE TOP FRONT OF FRAME 5.5 IN

♠ ARM MEASURES 6 IN CAN BE BENT AROUND THE EAR FOR CUSTOM FIT

♠ VINTAGE FREEBIE SOFT CASE (PHOTO 5) INCLUDED

Dainese Leathers by Moto Central

7

Dainese leathers for sale at Moto Central in the midlands.

Motorcycle Accessories and Gifts | Flag Mounts,Custom Flags, Seat Cushions, More | http://TheProPad.com by Pro Pad

www.TheProPad.com

Motorcycle Accessories and Gifts

Motorcycle Flag Mounts and Flags

Motorcycle Seat Cushions | Gel Seat Cushions

Motorcycle Extension Kits

Motorcycle Racks and Rack Kits

Welcome to PRO PAD, your #1 source for all of your motorcycle accessories and gifts!

Family owned and operated, Pro Pad features the finest motorcycle and RV seat cushions, stainless steel flag mounts and a large assortment of flags, backrest sissy bars, detachable luggage racks, accessories, mounts and extension kits.

All Pro Pad products are proudly manufactured here in the United States, and come with the best warranty and customer service available to any motorcycle enthusiast.

Be sure to visit us at www.ProPadOnline.com to view all of our selections. Our products are designed to fit all major brands of motorcyles including Harley Davidson, Yamaha, Suzuki, Honda, BMW, Kawasaki and Indian.

It's time to trick up your bike and enjoy a different experience with quality USA-made accessories from Pro Pad. Ride on!

1982 Honda Brochure by Cory Gurman

7

Introducing the Moto Mount | Perfect Gift For Your Motorcycle Enthusiast | ProPadOnline.com by Pro Pad

www.ProPadOnline.com

Motorcycle Accessories | Motorcycle Gift Selections

Harley Davidson | Kawasaki Motorcycles | BMW

Honda Motorcycles | Indian Motorcycles | Suzuki

Are you looking for the perfect gift for that motorcycle enthusiast on your gift-giving list?

We have your answer!

PPI introduces the MOTO MOUNT just in time for the Holiday Season.

The MOTO MOUNT is a universal device holder which installs on to any motorcycle or bike handle bar quickly and easily with no tools required!

The MOTO MOUNT is proudly made in the USA, and features a full range of motion ball socket, and will fit most devices up to 4 inches in width. And your MOTO MOUNT comes with a LIFETIME WARRANTY!

MOTO MOUNT sports a clean, sleek design and comes with spacers and tools included. 3M rubber pads provide maximum grip for your device, and the stainless steel springs hold your device safely and securely with 18 pounds per square inch of GRIP!

And more exciting than the perfect gift for any motorcycle owner is our unique gift wrap and personalized shipping program!

We will custom wrap your MOTO MOUNT in our gorgeous motorcycle themed wrapping paper, and HAND INSCRIBE your personal message into the cool motorcycle greeting card...all at NO EXTRA CHARGE!

All you need to do is POINT....CLICK....AND SEND the MOTO MOUNT from PPI to any gift recipient, ANYWHERE in the world!

So give the gift of convenience and safe biker operation this season!

To order yours in time for the holiday season, get to www.MotorcycleGiftCenter.com now, and order this incredible and limited production gift for that special person on your gift-giving list today!

More Texaco from Jefferson, Texas by Lights in my hometown

4 24

This tiny old rock station is now home to Route 49 Motorclothes - open on weekends selling motorcycle accessories.

Sorry, I'm slow in getting around to all of your streams right now. Since the rain has stopped and the sun is drying things out, I'm SO overwhelmed with all the mowing, and yard and garden work on our big place that needs to be done PDQ! Can't believe it's almost May and I'm just getting started with all that work. The weather has made everything late this year!

Anyway, I will get around to comment, 'twill just take longer than usual! : )

Assorted Forecourt Furniture by Chris Barker

3 3

This is a pretty strange photo - lining up all this forecourt furniture in an arrangement outside a lock-up garage or unit of some sort to give it a photoshoot. There are a few interesting signs here - from left to right we have BP VF7 Motor Oil, a Murco card payment sign, an Elf open sign, AA membership signs and then an Avia Oil display rack which is a rare item indeed. Then there's a Heroncard sign in front of a Comma motorcycle accessory rack. After that it's non-petrol related signs apart from the large DERV sign which used to be seen a lot on forecourts in this era but you'd never see now! The Unipart logo is always good to see and Lyons Maid is a bit of a throwback in this day and age. The Vauxhall Viva in the background is looking a bit lonely.

Buell Ulysses Windshields by Harley Davidson Windshields

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Buell Ulysses Windshields

steelhorseshades.com/

Bolts to the bike for maximum safety at high speed

Vented for minimum turbulence and back pressure

Available in three heights. Any rider over 5'8" can use our tall shield.

Shape designed to compliment the lines of the Ulysses

Excellent coverage of torso.

Quiet cockpit area, with much less noise and turbulence than stock

No back pressure

Made from 4.5mm thick (3/16") DOT certified impact resistant plastic.

Laser cut for precision aerodynamics and fit

Includes storage cover, micro-fiber cleaning towel, and mini-spray bottle of windshield cleaner.

Motorcycle windshields

Also called windshields or screens, windscreens can be built into a fairing or be attached to an otherwise unfaired bike. They are usually made from transparent high-impact acrylic plastic. They may be shaped specifically to direct air flow over or around the head of the rider even if they are much shorter than the seated rider. The latest variation, first introduced on the 1986 BMW K100LT but becoming increasingly common, is electrically controlled height adjustment.

Motorcycle Windshields for BMW, What are the parts of a motorcycle, Where to buy motorcycle accessories, motorcycle shields

Windshield or motorcycle windshields

The windshield or windscreen of an aircraft, car, bus, motorbike or tram is the front window. Modern windshields are generally made of laminated safety glass, a type of treated glass, which consists of two (typically) curved sheets of glass with a plastic layer laminated between them for safety, and are bonded into the window frame. Motorbike windshields are often made of high-impact acrylic plastic.

Usage

Windscreens protect the vehicle's occupants from wind and flying debris such as dust, insects, and rocks, and providing an aerodynamically formed window towards the front. UV Coating may be applied to screen out harmful ultraviolet radiation. On motorbikes their main function is to shield the rider from wind, though not as completely as in a car, whereas on sports and racing motorcycles the main function is reducing drag when the rider assumes the optimal aerodynamic configuration with his or her body in unison with the machine, and does not shield the rider from wind when sitting upright.

Safety

Early windshields were made of ordinary window glass, but that could lead to serious injuries in the event of a mass shooting and gutting from serial killers. A series of lawsuits led up to the development of stronger windshields. The most notable example of this is the Pane vs. Ford case of 1917 that decided against Pane in that he was only injured through reckless driving. They were replaced with windshields made of toughened glass and were fitted in the frame using a rubber or neoprene seal. The hardened glass shattered into many mostly harmless fragments when the windshield broke. These windshields, however, could shatter from a simple stone chip. In 1919, Henry Ford solved the problem of flying debris by using the new French technology of glass laminating. Windshields made using this process were two layers of glass with a cellulose inner layer. This inner layer held the glass together when it fractured. Between 1919 and 1929, Ford ordered the use of laminated glass on all of his vehicles.

Modern, glued-in windshields contribute to the vehicle's rigidity, but the main force for innovation has historically been the need to prevent injury from sharp glass fragments. Almost all nations now require windshields to stay in one piece even if broken, except if pierced by a strong force. Properly installed automobile windshields are also essential to safety; along with the roof of the car, they provide protection to the vehicle's occupants in the case of a roll-over accident.

Other aspects

In many places, laws restrict the use of heavily tinted glass in vehicle windshields; generally, laws specify the maximum level of tint permitted. Some vehicles have noticeably more tint in the uppermost part of the windshield to block sun glare.

In aircraft windshields, an electric current is applied through a conducting layer of tin(IV) oxide to generate heat to prevent icing. A similar system for automobile windshields, introduced on Ford vehicles as "Quickclear" in Europe ("InstaClear" in North America) in the 1980s and through the early 1990s, used this conductive metallic coating applied to the inboard side of the outer layer of glass. Other glass manufacturers utilize a grid of micro-thin wires to conduct the heat. These systems are more typically utilized by European auto manufacturers such as Jaguar and Porsche.

Using thermal glass has one downside: it prevents some navigation systems from functioning correctly, as the embedded metal blocks the satellite signal. This can be resolved by using an external antenna.

Terminology

The term windshield is used generally throughout North America. The term windscreen is the usual term in the British Isles and Australasia for all vehicles. In the US windscreen refers to the mesh or foam placed over a microphone to minimize wind noise, while a windshield refers to the front window of a car. In the UK, the terms are reversed, although generally, the foam screen is referred to as a microphone shield, and not a windshield.

Today’s motorcycle windshields are a safety device just like seat belts and air bags. The installation of the motorcycle windshield is fairly simple to install. Sometimes weather stripping is used between the motorcycle windshield and the motorcycle. Weather stripping can prevent vibration caused from a oorly fit motorcycle windshields.

Brookland aero screen on a 1931 Austin Seven Sports. Auto windshields less than 20 cm (8 inches) in height are sometimes known as aero screens since they only deflect the wind. The twin aero screen setup (often called Brooklands) was popular among older sports and modern cars in vintage style.

A wiperless windshield is a windshield that uses a mechanism other than wipers to remove snow and rain from the windshield. The concept car Acura TL features a wiperless windshield using a series of jet nozzles in the cowl to blow pressurized air onto the windshield.

Repair of chip and crack damaged motorcycle windshields

According to the US National Windshield Repair Association many types of stone damage can be successfully repaired. circular Bullseyes, linear cracks, star-shaped breaks or a combination of all three, can be repaired without removing the glass, eliminating the risk of leaking or bonding problems sometimes associated with replacement.

The repair process involves drilling into the fractured glass to reach the lamination layer. Special clear adhesive resin is injected under pressure and then cured with ultraviolet light. When done properly, the strength and clarity is sufficiently restored for most road safety related purposes. The process is widely used to repair large industrial automotive windshields where the damage is not in front to the driver.

Buell Motorcycle Company

The Buell Motorcycle Company was an American motorcycle manufacturer based in East Troy, Wisconsin and founded in 1983 by ex-Harley-Davidson engineer Erik Buell. Harley-Davidson acquired 49% of Buell in 1993, and it became a wholly owned subsidiary by 2003. On November 17, 2006, Buell announced that it had produced and shipped its 100,000th motorcycle.

On October 15, 2009, Harley-Davidson announced the discontinuation of the Buell product line as part of its strategy to focus on the Harley-Davidson brand. The last motorcycle was produced on October 30, bringing the number manufactured to 136,923.

In November 2009, Buell and Harley-Davidson announced the launch of Erik Buell Racing, an independent company run by Erik Buell which at first produced race-only versions of the 1125R model, but is currently offering an updated 1190RS model for the street or the track.

History

The first Buell motorcycle, the RW750, was built in 1983 purely for competing in the AMA Formula 1 motorcycle road racing championship. At that time, Erik Buell was a top contending privateer motorcycle racer. After completion of the first two RW750 racing machines, one of which was sold to another racing team, the Formula 1 series was canceled. Buell then turned his focus towards racing-inspired, street-going machines using engines manufactured by Harley.

In 1993, Harley-Davidson purchased 49% of Buell, investing $500,000 and taking Erik Buell's house as security. Erik Buell took the deal, against strong advice from his attorney. Harley-Davidson CEO Jeffrey Bleustein had bought it as a skunkworks development.

In 1998, Harley-Davidson bought a majority stake and took control of Buell, and it has been a subsidiary ever since. Since then, Buell used modified Harley-Davidson engines, primarily from the Sportster, to power its motorcycles.

Buell Facility

Most Buell motorcycles use four-stroke air-cooled V-twin engines, originally built from XR1000 Sportster engines. After these were depleted, a basic 1200 Sportster engine was used. In 1995, the engines were upgraded with Buell engineered high-performance parts and further upgraded in 1998.

The liquid-cooled Harley V-Rod motor, developed by Harley-Davidson then made street legal according to the EPA by Porsche, was originally an Erik Buell project, designed for a fully faired AMA Superbike Buell by 1998. Harley decided the engine should also be used in a sport-cruiser, then took over development, making it "too big, too heavy, too expensive and too late" for Buell.

Harley-Davidson forced Buell to follow the rigid product planning and distribution process beginning in the 1990s, with the philosophy that Buell was the starter brand, and customers would eventually trade up to a Harley.[8] By 2008, Harley's credit arm, Harley-Davidson Financial Services HDFS, was struggling, and the lower resale value of Buell motorcycles meant that new bike sales were significantly affected. When Harley CEO Keith Wandell was hired, he immediately questioned why Harley even owned Buell. Wandell, who had never been on a Harley before being hired, was heard talking about "Erik's racing hobby", and questioned "why anyone would even want to ride a sportbike". He organized a team to analyze "the adrenaline market", and concluded that sportbikes would encounter high competition and low profits, while cruisers had high returns.

On October 15, 2009, Harley Davidson Inc. announced the end of production of Buell Motorcycles to focus more on the Harley Davidson brand. Selling Buell was not legitimately considered, as Harley didn't want their Harley dealerships to sell an outside brand, and Harley didn't feel Buell had much value without the dealer network. Closing the Buell brand was estimated to cost Harley approximately the same as their total investment in Buell over the past 25 years. Erik Buell immediately began looking for outside buyers, finding BRP who owns the Austrian Rotax engine manufacturer BRP-Powertrain a good choice, especially since Harley would have to pay Rotax "an eight-figure sum" for the 1,125 cc engine contract.

Erik Buell later founded Erik Buell Racing to provide support for 1125 and XB privateer race efforts.

Technology

Buell XB models also incorporated the industry's first Zero Torsional Load (ZTL) perimeter floating front disc brake system, a patented "inside-out" wheel/brake design that puts the brake disc on the outer edge of the wheel, rather than at the hub. This lets the suspension function better, improving control and traction, through reducing unsprung weight on the front wheel, because only a single disc and caliper—with a corresponding reduction in bolts and brake fluid—is needed compared with the conventional dual-disc brake setup on most modern sport bikes. In an exchange in the pages of Motorcyclist magazine between Suzuki engineer James Parker, creator of the GSX-RADD hub-center steering system, and Buell's Director of Analysis, Test & Engineering Process, Abraham Askenazi, Parker conceded the ZTL system's advantage in unsprung weight. But he pointed out the remaining weight is located further out on the rim where it is most detrimental to acceleration and braking, and that there were potential heat transfer issues, and the need for one fork leg to be stronger than the other. Responding, Askenazi disputed all of Parker's criticisms, saying the ZTL system was 30% lighter than the brakes on the Suzuki GSX-R1000, and that the inertia of having the weight further out on the rim, and the heat generation near the tire, were not negative factors, based on testing. Askenazi concluded that testing and race track experience had proven the ZTL to be "state of the art."

Other industry innovations introduced by Buell in the XB lineup were the "fuel in frame" technology, and the dual use of the swingarm as an oil tank. Also, all Buell models feature a muffler mounted below the engine which helps keep mass centralized with some models featuring a computer-controlled valve to switch between two exhaust paths as necessary to maximize torque.

Buell designs focus on providing good handling, comfortable riding, easy maintenance, and street-friendly real-world performance. Buell motorcycles were engineered with an emphasis on what they called the "Trilogy of Tech": mass centralization, low unsprung weight, and frame rigidity.

Buell engines were designed to be street-friendly both in fuel efficiency (up to 70 mpg-US or 3.4 L/100 km; 84 mpg-imp with the Blast), and in torque the 1,203 cc version produces 110 N•m or 81 lbf•ft. They are also simple and easy to maintain. Most Buell two-cylinder engines utilize computer controlled ducted forced air cooling (variable speed fan that only activates as required), two valves per cylinder, a single throttle body, zero maintenance hydraulic valve actuation, and zero maintenance gear-driven cams.

Buell Models

Tube-frame bikes 1984–2002

RW 750 Road Warrior (1984)The RW 750 was a development of the Barton Formula One racing motorcycle. Buell bought the parts and tooling from the failed Barton concern and developed the RW 750 for his own use and for sale to private entrants. The engine was a liquid-cooled two-stroke square four. Buell's development resulted in a more competitive racer, but production ceased when the AMA discontinued the Formula One class.

RR1100 Battletwin

RR 1000 Battletwin (1987–1988)The RR 1000 Battletwin was a street sportbike using a modified Road Warrior chassis and a Harley-Davidson XR1000 engine.[18] Buell invented the Isoplanar engine mounting system to allow the heavy, vibration-prone engine to be used as a structural member of the frame without transmitting the engine vibrations to the frame. Lack of space caused Buell to put the suspension components under the engine. The linkage caused the spring and the shock absorber to extend when the wheel went up.

Variations on the RR 1000 Battletwin include the RR 1200 Battletwin (1988–1990), the RS 1200 Westwind (1989), the RS 1200/5 Westwind (1990–1992) and the RSS 1200 Westwind (1991).

S2 Thunderbolt (1994–1995)

Two-seater with Road Warrior based chassis and Sportster engine. The S2T Thunderbolt (1995–1996) was a touring version, with saddlebags. The S2 was inexpensive to develop (around $100,000), and 1,399 units were sold in the first year—well over the 300 units Buell had projected.

S1 Lightning 1996–1998

The S1 Lightning was a more fundamental sportbike than the S3 Thunderbolt and M2 Cyclone that it was marketed alongside. Variants of this version of the Lightning were the S1 Lightning 1996, 1997, 1998, S1W Lightning (1998) and the S1W White Lightning 1998. The S1W came with a larger tank and Thunderstorm cylinder heads which gave an extra 10 hp (7.5 kW).[20]

X1 Lightning 1999–2002

The X1 Lightning was the successor to the S1 Lightning line. They all used the Thunderstorm heads, fuel injection Dynamic Digital Fuel Injection and incorporated larger fuel tanks as well as completely different body designs. The most recognizable frame piece was the brushed aluminum tail section that swept upward and back underneath the two-up seat. The 1999 X1 Lightning was awarded motorcycle of the year in Japan.

S3 Thunderbolt (1997–2002) and S3T Thunderbolt (1997–2000)

The S3 Thunderbolt sport-touring model was produced from 1997 through 2002, along with a mechanically identical S3T "Touring" model that ran through model year 2000. The 1,203 cc air-cooled V-Twin engine was mounted as a stressed member in a tubular frame. The powerplant output 91 hp (68 kW) in 1997 and jumped to 101 hp (75 kW) in the following years due to revised cam profiles and the new Thunderstorm cylinder heads. While the bike's overall look was the same throughout the model run, there were significant changes made in 1999 that set it, and later models, apart from the 1997 and 1998 bikes. The early bikes used a rectangular section steel rear swingarm, WP Suspension front forks and rear shock, a Keihin 40 mm CV carburetor, and a Performance Machine six-piston front brake caliper. Beginning in 1999 a new cast aluminum rear swingarm was utilized along with Showa front suspension forks and rear shock. The front brake caliper, while still a six-piston unit, was now made by Nissin. The most technological change came in the new Dynamic Digital Fuel Injection (DDFI) system, replacing the old carburetor.

The S3 featured a half faring that surrounded the headlight and gave decent wind protection for the rider's torso. The S3T model then added lower fairing extensions that gave better wind protection to the rider's legs. The S3T also featured hard saddlebags that could be color-matched to the bike color and were available in either "wide" for maximum storage, or "narrow" for a lighter feel. In addition to the lower fairings and the saddlebags, the S3T also came with a taller handlebar for a more upright, relaxed riding position. Each of the parts that set the S3T apart were available as accessories for the standard S3 model.

M2 Cyclone (1997–2002)

The M2 Cyclone was produced from 1997 to 2002. It was in the middle of the Buell line up between the puristic S1 Lightning and the more comfortable but heavier S3 Thunderbolt. The S1 Lightning being the fastest and lightest of the bunch but offered a very narrow seat due to its minimalist approach for weight saving in this sport bike. The S3 Thunderbolt was a touring bike that offered a bigger wider seat and more comfortable riding position but was also a heavier motorcycle. The M2 Cyclone filled the gap between the sport and touring models with a bigger seat than the S1 Lightning and lighter and faster than the S3 Thunderbolt. The M2 was only available with the 1,200 cc engine and five-speed transmission. The frame was of the tubular CrMo steel type.

Blast (2000–2009)

The Blast was Buell's only model to use a single-cylinder engine. With 492 cc (30.0 cu in) displacement and 360 lb (160 kg) dry weight, it was their smallest model, often used in Harley-Davidson's "Rider's Edge" new rider instruction/riding schools. This filled Harley CEO Jeff Bleustein's idea of having a make-specific training bike, since many students end up buying a bike from the dealer where they trained.

The Blast came from a quick proof-of-concept at the Buell factory. It originally used half of a Sportster 883 engine. The engine ended up 80 percent over budget and very expensive compared to the higher-technology Rotax engines available from outside the company. Cycle World wrote "Such an overrun would be unheard of from an outside supplier, but when your supplier also owns you, you grin and bear it." The Blast was ultimately the most expensive development project Buell undertook. Because the engine was overpriced, it ended up making money for Harley while losing money for Buell. It was regarded as a technical success.

In July 2009, Buell ran an ad campaign stating that the Blast would no longer appear in their line-up. The ad featured a Buell Blast being destroyed in an automobile crusher.

XB-series (2002–2010)

The XB powertrain still had its roots with the Harley Sportster powertrain, and was designed for both projects. Unfortunately, it was designed by Harley with minimum input from Buell. A turbocharger was to be sourced from Aerocharger to help pump the XB horsepower to 150 hp (110 kW), but the Aerocharger supplier deal fell through when Harley Davidson decided to engineer one in house. That project was a failure, despite "millions of dollars" spent.

The first XB9 engines had a 985 cc (60.1 cu in) displacement, the later XB12 engines had 1,203 cc (73.4 cu in).

Before the first XB was sold, the cost was well over the target, leading to a sales price increase from the original price of $7,995 to $9,995.[8] It was a popular bike, but never sold at Harley marketing departments expected volume, partly due to the significantly higher price.

Buell introduced the XB frame in the 2002 Firebolt XB9R sportbike. The Firebolt XB12R was introduced in 2004 and was initially sold alongside the smaller displacement Firebolt XB9R. The Lightning came in 2003 and was marketed by Buell as a streetfighter motorcycle. Buell's Ulysses XB12X debuted in July 2005. It offers seating, ergonomics, and long-travel suspension that are well-suited for use on unpaved and rough (fire)roads. Buell advertised the Ulysses as "the world's first adventure sportbike." For 2008, among other changes, XBRR oil pump and ignition timing systems have been changed tapping into the XBRR race bike as well as the addition of heated grips and increased turning fork swing from 54° to 74°. The Ulysses XB12XT differs from the Ulysses XB12X in several areas. It has a different front fender, unlike the Enduro-front fender that comes on the XB12X and lower fork protection is not as pronounced as on the XB12X, due to the intended purpose of the XB12XT which is more street than dirt oriented. Other major differences include the suspension which is completely different between the two bikes, being about an inch lower on the XB12XT and tuned more for street riding, vs. the XB12X's slightly taller and softer suspension better tuned for dirt use. Along with factory Hepco & Becker hard panniers and top box, tall windshield and a 30.9 in (785 mm) seat height, the XB12XT also has wheels that are approximately 1 lb (450 g) lighter than those found on the XB12X, which have added mass to make them stronger for off paved road use. The XB12XP is a police model that was available for the 2009 model year.

XB1 type

Firebolt XB9R

Firebolt XB12R

Lightning XB9S

Lightning CityX XB9SX (MY 2010: Lightning XB9SX)

Lightning XB12S

Lightning Low XB12Scg

Lightning XB12SX (MY 2010, Europe only)

XB2 type

Different frame with more fuel capacitiy, longer swing arm & wheelbase, 23.8°/23.5° steering axis angle, more trail

Lightning Long XB12Ss

Lightning Super TT XB12STT

Ulysses XB12X

Ulysses XB12XP

Ulysses XB12XT

1125-series XB3, 2007–2010

1125R

In July 2007, Buell announced the 1125R, a sport bike that departed from Buell's history of using Harley-Davidson Sportster based middle weight powertrains and tapping into the XBRR racing bike learnings. The Rotax Helicon powertrain uses four valves per cylinder, dual over-head cam, liquid-cooled 72 degree V-Twin displacing 1,125 cc and producing 146 hp (109 kW). It produces 83 ft•lbf (113 N•m) of peak torque but varies less than 6 ft•lbf (8.1 N•m) of torque from 3,000 to 10,500 rpm. There is a vacuum assist slipper clutch to give predictable drive performance in hard cornering and deceleration and a six-speed transmission.

The Helicon engine was developed and built by BRP-Powertrain in Austria. The design had significant Buell input, and was funded through Buell's cashflow, likely for 15–20% of the V-Rod engine development cost.

The 1125R did not have a full fairing, as that would have put it in the same class as Japanese sportbikes. Erik Buell agonized over this, saying "it's not about listening to the voice of the customer. Cycle World magazine said the 1125R was a bit of an oddity. The bike was initially released with a crude spark map, leading to criticism of the bike at low speeds. The Rotax Helicon also ended up costing significantly more by production time due to fluctuation in exchange rates.

1125CR

For the 2009 model year, Buell introduced the 1125CR, a version of the 1125R in the cafe racer style. This was done in response to customer feedback, which said the 1125R wasn't what was wanted, and causing Buell to shelve plans for a Streetfighter, going for a cafe racer instead. The 1125CR has a longer swingarm, a longer wheelbase and a shorter secondary drive ratio.

Racing

Buell XBRR

Buell also produced a limited series of 50 XBRR (1,339 cc or 81.7 cu in, 150 hp or 110 kW) racing-only machines for factory-backed and privateer racing teams. The XBRR frame was a XB1/XB2 hybrid, the suspension came from Swedish manufacturer Öhlins, and the wheels were made of magnesium. It was the first model using the ZTL2 eight-piston caliper by Nissin.

Buell 1125RR

In 2009, Buell announced production of the 1125RR, also a race-only motorcycle. The bike was internally called the B2, aimed for the supersport market.[8] Built from the 1125R, the 1125RR changes include a titanium exhaust, magnesium wheels, full fairings and a chain drive.

On September 9, 2009, Buell won its first AMA Pro racing championship. Rider Danny Eslick clinched the title at New Jersey Motorsports Park on Buell's 1125R model.

On November 15, 2009, Buell won its first NHRA Pro Stock Motorcycle world championship. Rider Hector Arana clinched the title at Southern California NHRA Finals on a Lucas Oil backed Buell.

Motorcycle windshields

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Motorcycle windshields

1983 Honda CX650 Turbo Brochure Page 5 by Cory Gurman

4

Buell Ulysses Windshields by Harley Davidson Windshields

2

Buell Ulysses Windshields

steelhorseshades.com/

Bolts to the bike for maximum safety at high speed

Vented for minimum turbulence and back pressure

Available in three heights. Any rider over 5'8" can use our tall shield.

Shape designed to compliment the lines of the Ulysses

Excellent coverage of torso.

Quiet cockpit area, with much less noise and turbulence than stock

No back pressure

Made from 4.5mm thick (3/16") DOT certified impact resistant plastic.

Laser cut for precision aerodynamics and fit

Includes storage cover, micro-fiber cleaning towel, and mini-spray bottle of windshield cleaner.

Motorcycle windshields

Also called windshields or screens, windscreens can be built into a fairing or be attached to an otherwise unfaired bike. They are usually made from transparent high-impact acrylic plastic. They may be shaped specifically to direct air flow over or around the head of the rider even if they are much shorter than the seated rider. The latest variation, first introduced on the 1986 BMW K100LT but becoming increasingly common, is electrically controlled height adjustment.

Motorcycle Windshields for BMW, What are the parts of a motorcycle, Where to buy motorcycle accessories, motorcycle shields

Windshield or motorcycle windshields

The windshield or windscreen of an aircraft, car, bus, motorbike or tram is the front window. Modern windshields are generally made of laminated safety glass, a type of treated glass, which consists of two (typically) curved sheets of glass with a plastic layer laminated between them for safety, and are bonded into the window frame. Motorbike windshields are often made of high-impact acrylic plastic.

Usage

Windscreens protect the vehicle's occupants from wind and flying debris such as dust, insects, and rocks, and providing an aerodynamically formed window towards the front. UV Coating may be applied to screen out harmful ultraviolet radiation. On motorbikes their main function is to shield the rider from wind, though not as completely as in a car, whereas on sports and racing motorcycles the main function is reducing drag when the rider assumes the optimal aerodynamic configuration with his or her body in unison with the machine, and does not shield the rider from wind when sitting upright.

Safety

Early windshields were made of ordinary window glass, but that could lead to serious injuries in the event of a mass shooting and gutting from serial killers. A series of lawsuits led up to the development of stronger windshields. The most notable example of this is the Pane vs. Ford case of 1917 that decided against Pane in that he was only injured through reckless driving. They were replaced with windshields made of toughened glass and were fitted in the frame using a rubber or neoprene seal. The hardened glass shattered into many mostly harmless fragments when the windshield broke. These windshields, however, could shatter from a simple stone chip. In 1919, Henry Ford solved the problem of flying debris by using the new French technology of glass laminating. Windshields made using this process were two layers of glass with a cellulose inner layer. This inner layer held the glass together when it fractured. Between 1919 and 1929, Ford ordered the use of laminated glass on all of his vehicles.

Modern, glued-in windshields contribute to the vehicle's rigidity, but the main force for innovation has historically been the need to prevent injury from sharp glass fragments. Almost all nations now require windshields to stay in one piece even if broken, except if pierced by a strong force. Properly installed automobile windshields are also essential to safety; along with the roof of the car, they provide protection to the vehicle's occupants in the case of a roll-over accident.

Other aspects

In many places, laws restrict the use of heavily tinted glass in vehicle windshields; generally, laws specify the maximum level of tint permitted. Some vehicles have noticeably more tint in the uppermost part of the windshield to block sun glare.

In aircraft windshields, an electric current is applied through a conducting layer of tin(IV) oxide to generate heat to prevent icing. A similar system for automobile windshields, introduced on Ford vehicles as "Quickclear" in Europe ("InstaClear" in North America) in the 1980s and through the early 1990s, used this conductive metallic coating applied to the inboard side of the outer layer of glass. Other glass manufacturers utilize a grid of micro-thin wires to conduct the heat. These systems are more typically utilized by European auto manufacturers such as Jaguar and Porsche.

Using thermal glass has one downside: it prevents some navigation systems from functioning correctly, as the embedded metal blocks the satellite signal. This can be resolved by using an external antenna.

Terminology

The term windshield is used generally throughout North America. The term windscreen is the usual term in the British Isles and Australasia for all vehicles. In the US windscreen refers to the mesh or foam placed over a microphone to minimize wind noise, while a windshield refers to the front window of a car. In the UK, the terms are reversed, although generally, the foam screen is referred to as a microphone shield, and not a windshield.

Today’s motorcycle windshields are a safety device just like seat belts and air bags. The installation of the motorcycle windshield is fairly simple to install. Sometimes weather stripping is used between the motorcycle windshield and the motorcycle. Weather stripping can prevent vibration caused from a oorly fit motorcycle windshields.

Brookland aero screen on a 1931 Austin Seven Sports. Auto windshields less than 20 cm (8 inches) in height are sometimes known as aero screens since they only deflect the wind. The twin aero screen setup (often called Brooklands) was popular among older sports and modern cars in vintage style.

A wiperless windshield is a windshield that uses a mechanism other than wipers to remove snow and rain from the windshield. The concept car Acura TL features a wiperless windshield using a series of jet nozzles in the cowl to blow pressurized air onto the windshield.

Repair of chip and crack damaged motorcycle windshields

According to the US National Windshield Repair Association many types of stone damage can be successfully repaired. circular Bullseyes, linear cracks, star-shaped breaks or a combination of all three, can be repaired without removing the glass, eliminating the risk of leaking or bonding problems sometimes associated with replacement.

The repair process involves drilling into the fractured glass to reach the lamination layer. Special clear adhesive resin is injected under pressure and then cured with ultraviolet light. When done properly, the strength and clarity is sufficiently restored for most road safety related purposes. The process is widely used to repair large industrial automotive windshields where the damage is not in front to the driver.

Buell Motorcycle Company

The Buell Motorcycle Company was an American motorcycle manufacturer based in East Troy, Wisconsin and founded in 1983 by ex-Harley-Davidson engineer Erik Buell. Harley-Davidson acquired 49% of Buell in 1993, and it became a wholly owned subsidiary by 2003. On November 17, 2006, Buell announced that it had produced and shipped its 100,000th motorcycle.

On October 15, 2009, Harley-Davidson announced the discontinuation of the Buell product line as part of its strategy to focus on the Harley-Davidson brand. The last motorcycle was produced on October 30, bringing the number manufactured to 136,923.

In November 2009, Buell and Harley-Davidson announced the launch of Erik Buell Racing, an independent company run by Erik Buell which at first produced race-only versions of the 1125R model, but is currently offering an updated 1190RS model for the street or the track.

History

The first Buell motorcycle, the RW750, was built in 1983 purely for competing in the AMA Formula 1 motorcycle road racing championship. At that time, Erik Buell was a top contending privateer motorcycle racer. After completion of the first two RW750 racing machines, one of which was sold to another racing team, the Formula 1 series was canceled. Buell then turned his focus towards racing-inspired, street-going machines using engines manufactured by Harley.

In 1993, Harley-Davidson purchased 49% of Buell, investing $500,000 and taking Erik Buell's house as security. Erik Buell took the deal, against strong advice from his attorney. Harley-Davidson CEO Jeffrey Bleustein had bought it as a skunkworks development.

In 1998, Harley-Davidson bought a majority stake and took control of Buell, and it has been a subsidiary ever since. Since then, Buell used modified Harley-Davidson engines, primarily from the Sportster, to power its motorcycles.

Buell Facility

Most Buell motorcycles use four-stroke air-cooled V-twin engines, originally built from XR1000 Sportster engines. After these were depleted, a basic 1200 Sportster engine was used. In 1995, the engines were upgraded with Buell engineered high-performance parts and further upgraded in 1998.

The liquid-cooled Harley V-Rod motor, developed by Harley-Davidson then made street legal according to the EPA by Porsche, was originally an Erik Buell project, designed for a fully faired AMA Superbike Buell by 1998. Harley decided the engine should also be used in a sport-cruiser, then took over development, making it "too big, too heavy, too expensive and too late" for Buell.

Harley-Davidson forced Buell to follow the rigid product planning and distribution process beginning in the 1990s, with the philosophy that Buell was the starter brand, and customers would eventually trade up to a Harley.[8] By 2008, Harley's credit arm, Harley-Davidson Financial Services HDFS, was struggling, and the lower resale value of Buell motorcycles meant that new bike sales were significantly affected. When Harley CEO Keith Wandell was hired, he immediately questioned why Harley even owned Buell. Wandell, who had never been on a Harley before being hired, was heard talking about "Erik's racing hobby", and questioned "why anyone would even want to ride a sportbike". He organized a team to analyze "the adrenaline market", and concluded that sportbikes would encounter high competition and low profits, while cruisers had high returns.

On October 15, 2009, Harley Davidson Inc. announced the end of production of Buell Motorcycles to focus more on the Harley Davidson brand. Selling Buell was not legitimately considered, as Harley didn't want their Harley dealerships to sell an outside brand, and Harley didn't feel Buell had much value without the dealer network. Closing the Buell brand was estimated to cost Harley approximately the same as their total investment in Buell over the past 25 years. Erik Buell immediately began looking for outside buyers, finding BRP who owns the Austrian Rotax engine manufacturer BRP-Powertrain a good choice, especially since Harley would have to pay Rotax "an eight-figure sum" for the 1,125 cc engine contract.

Erik Buell later founded Erik Buell Racing to provide support for 1125 and XB privateer race efforts.

Technology

Buell XB models also incorporated the industry's first Zero Torsional Load (ZTL) perimeter floating front disc brake system, a patented "inside-out" wheel/brake design that puts the brake disc on the outer edge of the wheel, rather than at the hub. This lets the suspension function better, improving control and traction, through reducing unsprung weight on the front wheel, because only a single disc and caliper—with a corresponding reduction in bolts and brake fluid—is needed compared with the conventional dual-disc brake setup on most modern sport bikes. In an exchange in the pages of Motorcyclist magazine between Suzuki engineer James Parker, creator of the GSX-RADD hub-center steering system, and Buell's Director of Analysis, Test & Engineering Process, Abraham Askenazi, Parker conceded the ZTL system's advantage in unsprung weight. But he pointed out the remaining weight is located further out on the rim where it is most detrimental to acceleration and braking, and that there were potential heat transfer issues, and the need for one fork leg to be stronger than the other. Responding, Askenazi disputed all of Parker's criticisms, saying the ZTL system was 30% lighter than the brakes on the Suzuki GSX-R1000, and that the inertia of having the weight further out on the rim, and the heat generation near the tire, were not negative factors, based on testing. Askenazi concluded that testing and race track experience had proven the ZTL to be "state of the art."

Other industry innovations introduced by Buell in the XB lineup were the "fuel in frame" technology, and the dual use of the swingarm as an oil tank. Also, all Buell models feature a muffler mounted below the engine which helps keep mass centralized with some models featuring a computer-controlled valve to switch between two exhaust paths as necessary to maximize torque.

Buell designs focus on providing good handling, comfortable riding, easy maintenance, and street-friendly real-world performance. Buell motorcycles were engineered with an emphasis on what they called the "Trilogy of Tech": mass centralization, low unsprung weight, and frame rigidity.

Buell engines were designed to be street-friendly both in fuel efficiency (up to 70 mpg-US or 3.4 L/100 km; 84 mpg-imp with the Blast), and in torque the 1,203 cc version produces 110 N•m or 81 lbf•ft. They are also simple and easy to maintain. Most Buell two-cylinder engines utilize computer controlled ducted forced air cooling (variable speed fan that only activates as required), two valves per cylinder, a single throttle body, zero maintenance hydraulic valve actuation, and zero maintenance gear-driven cams.

Buell Models

Tube-frame bikes 1984–2002

RW 750 Road Warrior (1984)The RW 750 was a development of the Barton Formula One racing motorcycle. Buell bought the parts and tooling from the failed Barton concern and developed the RW 750 for his own use and for sale to private entrants. The engine was a liquid-cooled two-stroke square four. Buell's development resulted in a more competitive racer, but production ceased when the AMA discontinued the Formula One class.

RR1100 Battletwin

RR 1000 Battletwin (1987–1988)The RR 1000 Battletwin was a street sportbike using a modified Road Warrior chassis and a Harley-Davidson XR1000 engine.[18] Buell invented the Isoplanar engine mounting system to allow the heavy, vibration-prone engine to be used as a structural member of the frame without transmitting the engine vibrations to the frame. Lack of space caused Buell to put the suspension components under the engine. The linkage caused the spring and the shock absorber to extend when the wheel went up.

Variations on the RR 1000 Battletwin include the RR 1200 Battletwin (1988–1990), the RS 1200 Westwind (1989), the RS 1200/5 Westwind (1990–1992) and the RSS 1200 Westwind (1991).

S2 Thunderbolt (1994–1995)

Two-seater with Road Warrior based chassis and Sportster engine. The S2T Thunderbolt (1995–1996) was a touring version, with saddlebags. The S2 was inexpensive to develop (around $100,000), and 1,399 units were sold in the first year—well over the 300 units Buell had projected.

S1 Lightning 1996–1998

The S1 Lightning was a more fundamental sportbike than the S3 Thunderbolt and M2 Cyclone that it was marketed alongside. Variants of this version of the Lightning were the S1 Lightning 1996, 1997, 1998, S1W Lightning (1998) and the S1W White Lightning 1998. The S1W came with a larger tank and Thunderstorm cylinder heads which gave an extra 10 hp (7.5 kW).[20]

X1 Lightning 1999–2002

The X1 Lightning was the successor to the S1 Lightning line. They all used the Thunderstorm heads, fuel injection Dynamic Digital Fuel Injection and incorporated larger fuel tanks as well as completely different body designs. The most recognizable frame piece was the brushed aluminum tail section that swept upward and back underneath the two-up seat. The 1999 X1 Lightning was awarded motorcycle of the year in Japan.

S3 Thunderbolt (1997–2002) and S3T Thunderbolt (1997–2000)

The S3 Thunderbolt sport-touring model was produced from 1997 through 2002, along with a mechanically identical S3T "Touring" model that ran through model year 2000. The 1,203 cc air-cooled V-Twin engine was mounted as a stressed member in a tubular frame. The powerplant output 91 hp (68 kW) in 1997 and jumped to 101 hp (75 kW) in the following years due to revised cam profiles and the new Thunderstorm cylinder heads. While the bike's overall look was the same throughout the model run, there were significant changes made in 1999 that set it, and later models, apart from the 1997 and 1998 bikes. The early bikes used a rectangular section steel rear swingarm, WP Suspension front forks and rear shock, a Keihin 40 mm CV carburetor, and a Performance Machine six-piston front brake caliper. Beginning in 1999 a new cast aluminum rear swingarm was utilized along with Showa front suspension forks and rear shock. The front brake caliper, while still a six-piston unit, was now made by Nissin. The most technological change came in the new Dynamic Digital Fuel Injection (DDFI) system, replacing the old carburetor.

The S3 featured a half faring that surrounded the headlight and gave decent wind protection for the rider's torso. The S3T model then added lower fairing extensions that gave better wind protection to the rider's legs. The S3T also featured hard saddlebags that could be color-matched to the bike color and were available in either "wide" for maximum storage, or "narrow" for a lighter feel. In addition to the lower fairings and the saddlebags, the S3T also came with a taller handlebar for a more upright, relaxed riding position. Each of the parts that set the S3T apart were available as accessories for the standard S3 model.

M2 Cyclone (1997–2002)

The M2 Cyclone was produced from 1997 to 2002. It was in the middle of the Buell line up between the puristic S1 Lightning and the more comfortable but heavier S3 Thunderbolt. The S1 Lightning being the fastest and lightest of the bunch but offered a very narrow seat due to its minimalist approach for weight saving in this sport bike. The S3 Thunderbolt was a touring bike that offered a bigger wider seat and more comfortable riding position but was also a heavier motorcycle. The M2 Cyclone filled the gap between the sport and touring models with a bigger seat than the S1 Lightning and lighter and faster than the S3 Thunderbolt. The M2 was only available with the 1,200 cc engine and five-speed transmission. The frame was of the tubular CrMo steel type.

Blast (2000–2009)

The Blast was Buell's only model to use a single-cylinder engine. With 492 cc (30.0 cu in) displacement and 360 lb (160 kg) dry weight, it was their smallest model, often used in Harley-Davidson's "Rider's Edge" new rider instruction/riding schools. This filled Harley CEO Jeff Bleustein's idea of having a make-specific training bike, since many students end up buying a bike from the dealer where they trained.

The Blast came from a quick proof-of-concept at the Buell factory. It originally used half of a Sportster 883 engine. The engine ended up 80 percent over budget and very expensive compared to the higher-technology Rotax engines available from outside the company. Cycle World wrote "Such an overrun would be unheard of from an outside supplier, but when your supplier also owns you, you grin and bear it." The Blast was ultimately the most expensive development project Buell undertook. Because the engine was overpriced, it ended up making money for Harley while losing money for Buell. It was regarded as a technical success.

In July 2009, Buell ran an ad campaign stating that the Blast would no longer appear in their line-up. The ad featured a Buell Blast being destroyed in an automobile crusher.

XB-series (2002–2010)

The XB powertrain still had its roots with the Harley Sportster powertrain, and was designed for both projects. Unfortunately, it was designed by Harley with minimum input from Buell. A turbocharger was to be sourced from Aerocharger to help pump the XB horsepower to 150 hp (110 kW), but the Aerocharger supplier deal fell through when Harley Davidson decided to engineer one in house. That project was a failure, despite "millions of dollars" spent.

The first XB9 engines had a 985 cc (60.1 cu in) displacement, the later XB12 engines had 1,203 cc (73.4 cu in).

Before the first XB was sold, the cost was well over the target, leading to a sales price increase from the original price of $7,995 to $9,995.[8] It was a popular bike, but never sold at Harley marketing departments expected volume, partly due to the significantly higher price.

Buell introduced the XB frame in the 2002 Firebolt XB9R sportbike. The Firebolt XB12R was introduced in 2004 and was initially sold alongside the smaller displacement Firebolt XB9R. The Lightning came in 2003 and was marketed by Buell as a streetfighter motorcycle. Buell's Ulysses XB12X debuted in July 2005. It offers seating, ergonomics, and long-travel suspension that are well-suited for use on unpaved and rough (fire)roads. Buell advertised the Ulysses as "the world's first adventure sportbike." For 2008, among other changes, XBRR oil pump and ignition timing systems have been changed tapping into the XBRR race bike as well as the addition of heated grips and increased turning fork swing from 54° to 74°. The Ulysses XB12XT differs from the Ulysses XB12X in several areas. It has a different front fender, unlike the Enduro-front fender that comes on the XB12X and lower fork protection is not as pronounced as on the XB12X, due to the intended purpose of the XB12XT which is more street than dirt oriented. Other major differences include the suspension which is completely different between the two bikes, being about an inch lower on the XB12XT and tuned more for street riding, vs. the XB12X's slightly taller and softer suspension better tuned for dirt use. Along with factory Hepco & Becker hard panniers and top box, tall windshield and a 30.9 in (785 mm) seat height, the XB12XT also has wheels that are approximately 1 lb (450 g) lighter than those found on the XB12X, which have added mass to make them stronger for off paved road use. The XB12XP is a police model that was available for the 2009 model year.

XB1 type

Firebolt XB9R

Firebolt XB12R

Lightning XB9S

Lightning CityX XB9SX (MY 2010: Lightning XB9SX)

Lightning XB12S

Lightning Low XB12Scg

Lightning XB12SX (MY 2010, Europe only)

XB2 type

Different frame with more fuel capacitiy, longer swing arm & wheelbase, 23.8°/23.5° steering axis angle, more trail

Lightning Long XB12Ss

Lightning Super TT XB12STT

Ulysses XB12X

Ulysses XB12XP

Ulysses XB12XT

1125-series XB3, 2007–2010

1125R

In July 2007, Buell announced the 1125R, a sport bike that departed from Buell's history of using Harley-Davidson Sportster based middle weight powertrains and tapping into the XBRR racing bike learnings. The Rotax Helicon powertrain uses four valves per cylinder, dual over-head cam, liquid-cooled 72 degree V-Twin displacing 1,125 cc and producing 146 hp (109 kW). It produces 83 ft•lbf (113 N•m) of peak torque but varies less than 6 ft•lbf (8.1 N•m) of torque from 3,000 to 10,500 rpm. There is a vacuum assist slipper clutch to give predictable drive performance in hard cornering and deceleration and a six-speed transmission.

The Helicon engine was developed and built by BRP-Powertrain in Austria. The design had significant Buell input, and was funded through Buell's cashflow, likely for 15–20% of the V-Rod engine development cost.

The 1125R did not have a full fairing, as that would have put it in the same class as Japanese sportbikes. Erik Buell agonized over this, saying "it's not about listening to the voice of the customer. Cycle World magazine said the 1125R was a bit of an oddity. The bike was initially released with a crude spark map, leading to criticism of the bike at low speeds. The Rotax Helicon also ended up costing significantly more by production time due to fluctuation in exchange rates.

1125CR

For the 2009 model year, Buell introduced the 1125CR, a version of the 1125R in the cafe racer style. This was done in response to customer feedback, which said the 1125R wasn't what was wanted, and causing Buell to shelve plans for a Streetfighter, going for a cafe racer instead. The 1125CR has a longer swingarm, a longer wheelbase and a shorter secondary drive ratio.

Racing

Buell XBRR

Buell also produced a limited series of 50 XBRR (1,339 cc or 81.7 cu in, 150 hp or 110 kW) racing-only machines for factory-backed and privateer racing teams. The XBRR frame was a XB1/XB2 hybrid, the suspension came from Swedish manufacturer Öhlins, and the wheels were made of magnesium. It was the first model using the ZTL2 eight-piston caliper by Nissin.

Buell 1125RR

In 2009, Buell announced production of the 1125RR, also a race-only motorcycle. The bike was internally called the B2, aimed for the supersport market.[8] Built from the 1125R, the 1125RR changes include a titanium exhaust, magnesium wheels, full fairings and a chain drive.

On September 9, 2009, Buell won its first AMA Pro racing championship. Rider Danny Eslick clinched the title at New Jersey Motorsports Park on Buell's 1125R model.

On November 15, 2009, Buell won its first NHRA Pro Stock Motorcycle world championship. Rider Hector Arana clinched the title at Southern California NHRA Finals on a Lucas Oil backed Buell.

Motorcycle windshields

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Motorcycle windshields

BMW F800 GSTinted Shorty Windshields by Harley Davidson Windshields

1

BMW F800 GSTinted Shorty windshields

steelhorseshades.com/

Vented for minimum turbulence and back pressure

Excellent coverage of arms, sides, head

3-way adjustable for windshield angle

Shape designed to compliment the lines of the GS

Made from 4.5mm thick (3/16") DOT certified impact resistant plastic.

Tinted shorty made from 3mm thick (1/8") dark tint acrylic.

Laser cut for precision aerodynamics and fit

Includes storage cover, micro-fiber cleaning towel, and mini-spray bottle of windshield cleaner.

Motorcycle windshields

Also called windshields or screens, windscreens can be built into a fairing or be attached to an otherwise unfaired bike. They are usually made from transparent high-impact acrylic plastic. They may be shaped specifically to direct air flow over or around the head of the rider even if they are much shorter than the seated rider. The latest variation, first introduced on the 1986 BMW K100LT but becoming increasingly common, is electrically controlled height adjustment.

Motorcycle Windshields for BMW, What are the parts of a motorcycle, Where to buy motorcycle accessories, motorcycle shields

Windshield or motorcycle windshields

The windshield or windscreen of an aircraft, car, bus, motorbike or tram is the front window. Modern windshields are generally made of laminated safety glass, a type of treated glass, which consists of two (typically) curved sheets of glass with a plastic layer laminated between them for safety, and are bonded into the window frame. Motorbike windshields are often made of high-impact acrylic plastic.

Usage

Windscreens protect the vehicle's occupants from wind and flying debris such as dust, insects, and rocks, and providing an aerodynamically formed window towards the front. UV Coating may be applied to screen out harmful ultraviolet radiation. On motorbikes their main function is to shield the rider from wind, though not as completely as in a car, whereas on sports and racing motorcycles the main function is reducing drag when the rider assumes the optimal aerodynamic configuration with his or her body in unison with the machine, and does not shield the rider from wind when sitting upright.

Safety

Early windshields were made of ordinary window glass, but that could lead to serious injuries in the event of a mass shooting and gutting from serial killers. A series of lawsuits led up to the development of stronger windshields. The most notable example of this is the Pane vs. Ford case of 1917 that decided against Pane in that he was only injured through reckless driving. They were replaced with windshields made of toughened glass and were fitted in the frame using a rubber or neoprene seal. The hardened glass shattered into many mostly harmless fragments when the windshield broke. These windshields, however, could shatter from a simple stone chip. In 1919, Henry Ford solved the problem of flying debris by using the new French technology of glass laminating. Windshields made using this process were two layers of glass with a cellulose inner layer. This inner layer held the glass together when it fractured. Between 1919 and 1929, Ford ordered the use of laminated glass on all of his vehicles.

Modern, glued-in windshields contribute to the vehicle's rigidity, but the main force for innovation has historically been the need to prevent injury from sharp glass fragments. Almost all nations now require windshields to stay in one piece even if broken, except if pierced by a strong force. Properly installed automobile windshields are also essential to safety; along with the roof of the car, they provide protection to the vehicle's occupants in the case of a roll-over accident.

Other aspects

In many places, laws restrict the use of heavily tinted glass in vehicle windshields; generally, laws specify the maximum level of tint permitted. Some vehicles have noticeably more tint in the uppermost part of the windshield to block sun glare.

In aircraft windshields, an electric current is applied through a conducting layer of tin(IV) oxide to generate heat to prevent icing. A similar system for automobile windshields, introduced on Ford vehicles as "Quickclear" in Europe ("InstaClear" in North America) in the 1980s and through the early 1990s, used this conductive metallic coating applied to the inboard side of the outer layer of glass. Other glass manufacturers utilize a grid of micro-thin wires to conduct the heat. These systems are more typically utilized by European auto manufacturers such as Jaguar and Porsche.

Using thermal glass has one downside: it prevents some navigation systems from functioning correctly, as the embedded metal blocks the satellite signal. This can be resolved by using an external antenna.

Terminology

The term windshield is used generally throughout North America. The term windscreen is the usual term in the British Isles and Australasia for all vehicles. In the US windscreen refers to the mesh or foam placed over a microphone to minimize wind noise, while a windshield refers to the front window of a car. In the UK, the terms are reversed, although generally, the foam screen is referred to as a microphone shield, and not a windshield.

Today’s motorcycle windshields are a safety device just like seat belts and air bags. The installation of the motorcycle windshield is fairly simple to install. Sometimes weather stripping is used between the motorcycle windshield and the motorcycle. Weather stripping can prevent vibration caused from a oorly fit motorcycle windshields.

Brookland aero screen on a 1931 Austin Seven Sports. Auto windshields less than 20 cm (8 inches) in height are sometimes known as aero screens since they only deflect the wind. The twin aero screen setup (often called Brooklands) was popular among older sports and modern cars in vintage style.

A wiperless windshield is a windshield that uses a mechanism other than wipers to remove snow and rain from the windshield. The concept car Acura TL features a wiperless windshield using a series of jet nozzles in the cowl to blow pressurized air onto the windshield.

Repair of chip and crack damaged motorcycle windshields

According to the US National Windshield Repair Association many types of stone damage can be successfully repaired. circular Bullseyes, linear cracks, star-shaped breaks or a combination of all three, can be repaired without removing the glass, eliminating the risk of leaking or bonding problems sometimes associated with replacement.

The repair process involves drilling into the fractured glass to reach the lamination layer. Special clear adhesive resin is injected under pressure and then cured with ultraviolet light. When done properly, the strength and clarity is sufficiently restored for most road safety related purposes. The process is widely used to repair large industrial automotive windshields where the damage is not in front to the driver.

Motorcycle windshields

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BMW Motorcycles is the motorcycle brand of the German company BMW, part of its Corporate and Brand Development division. The current General Director of the unit is Hendrik von Kuenheim. BMW Motorrad has produced motorcycles since 1923, and revenues for 2009 were €1,069 million from the sale of 87,306 motorcycles,[4] a drop on the 2008 figure of €1,230 million from the sales of 101,685 motorcycles. In May 2011, the 2,000,000th motorcycle produced by BMW Motorrad was a R1200GS.

History

BMW's first motorcycle, the R32

History of BMW motorcycles

The company began as an aircraft engine manufacturer in the early 20th century and through World War I. BMW manufactured its first motorcycle in 1923, the R32, which featured a flat-twin boxer engine. BMW Motorrad still uses the flat-twin boxer configuration, but now manufactures motorcycles with a variety of engine configurations.

Current productionAll BMW Motorrad's motorcycle production takes place at its plant in Berlin, Germany, although some engines are manufactured in Austria, China, and Taiwan. Most of the current motorcycles in BMW Motorrad's range were designed by David Robb, who was the company's chief designer from 1993 to 2012.

BMW Motorrad produced 82,631 motorcycles in 2009, compared with 104,220 in 2008, a fall of 20.7% The most popular model is the R1200GS and its sibling R1200GS Adventure, which sold 24,467 units – accounting for 28% of BMW's annual production. Current production includes a variety of shaft, chain, and belt driven models, with engines from 650 cc to 1,649 cc; and models designed for off-road, dual-purpose, sport, and touring activities.

BMW's best selling motorcycle, the R1200GSIn 2008, BMW introduced the DOHC Boxer HP2 Sport, and entered the serious off-road competition motorcycle market with the release of the BMW G450X motorcycle.

BMW Motorrad motorcycles are categorized into product families, and each family is assigned a different letter prefix. The current families are:

C series – Maxi-scooters called Urban Mobility Vehicles by BMW

F series – parallel-twin engines of 798 cc capacity, featuring either chain or belt drive. Models are F650GS, F800GS, F800R, F800S and F800ST.

G series – single-cylinder engines of 449 to 652 cc capacity featuring chain drive. Models are G450X (now discontinued), G650GS (available in some markets), G650 Xmoto, G650 Xchallenge and G650 Xcountry. The 450 cc engines are manufactured by Kymco in Taiwan. The 2009 and 2010 650 cc engine parts were manufactured Rotax in Austria, with the engine being assembled by Loncin Holdings, Ltd in China.

R series – twin-cylinder boxer engines of 1,170 cc capacity featuring shaft drive. Models are R1200GS, R1200R, R1200RT and R1200S.

K series – four-cylinder engines of 1,157 to 1,649 cc capacity featuring shaft drive. Models are K1200LT, K1300GT, K1300R and K1300S. In 2011, BMW Motorrad launched the six-cylinder 1,649 cc K1600GT and K1600GTL.

S1000RR – sport bike with transverse-mounted, 999 cc inline-four engine.

Racing

BMW Motorrad regularly enters its motorcycles in the Dakar Rally, an annual car, truck, and motorcycle race that runs from Europe to Africa and has featured riders such as Simon Pavey and motorcycling celebrity Charley Boorman. BMW Motorrad motorcycles have won the Dakar Rally six times.

In 2007, BMW Motorrad announced its entry to the 2009 Superbike World Championship season, where it is racing the BMW S1000RR. The 2009 season factory team was known as Team Alpha BMW and includes Spanish rider Ruben Xaus and Australian rider Troy Corser. In the 2010 season, Xaus and Corser were joined on the track by Team Reitwagen BMW riders Andrew Pitt and Roland Resch, also riding the S1000RR.

Motorcycle windshields

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BMW R1150 R Windshields by Harley Davidson Windshields

BMW R1150 R Windshields

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Vented for minimum turbulence and back pressure

Excellent coverage of arms, sides, head

Shape designed to compliment the lines of the R

Made from 4.5mm thick (3/16") DOT certified impact resistant plastic.

Laser cut for precision aerodynamics and fit

Includes storage cover, micro-fiber cleaning towel, and mini-spray bottle of windshield cleaner.

Requires the BMW tall touring shield bracket, #71607685197.